EP2926425A1 - Measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an ac voltage in a handheld power tool - Google Patents

Measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an ac voltage in a handheld power tool

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Publication number
EP2926425A1
EP2926425A1 EP13795761.9A EP13795761A EP2926425A1 EP 2926425 A1 EP2926425 A1 EP 2926425A1 EP 13795761 A EP13795761 A EP 13795761A EP 2926425 A1 EP2926425 A1 EP 2926425A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
tap
measuring
vcc
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13795761.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Forstner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP2926425A1 publication Critical patent/EP2926425A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/04—Voltage dividers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/221—Sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an alternating voltage, in particular of a three-phase or multi-phase rotational-phase alternating voltage in a hand-held power tool, and to a corresponding hand-held power tool.
  • the supply of the power tool is made by an AC voltage, which can be subject to strong fluctuations depending on the standards and local loads of the network.
  • Protective device in particular overload limits, may be dependent on the current AC voltage.
  • the corresponding measured values are provided by the measuring arrangement according to the invention.
  • a three-phase AC phase-phase supply line includes three outer conductors and often a neutral conductor.
  • the typically sinusoidal voltages on the outer conductors are in each case in a different phase relative to the neutral conductor to supply the electrical energy of the power tool.
  • the reference potential of the neutral conductor can be generated in a known manner within the hand tool by a star connection of the outer conductor.
  • the determination of the effective value of the sinusoidal alternating voltage U is effected by a voltmeter which records and squares the alternating voltage on an outer conductor relative to the neutral conductor.
  • the voltmeter would be expediently designed for integration in the other circuits of the power tool as an electrical component, which is operated by DC voltage.
  • the reference potentials ie the supply voltage and the ground, would be decoupled from the AC potentials and occurring offsets will affect the measurement of the RMS value.
  • the handheld power tool has a measuring arrangement for determining an effective value of an AC voltage fed in via an outer conductor with respect to a neutral conductor.
  • a regulated DC voltage source has a supply potential that is referenced to the neutral conductor. The DC voltage source controls a potential of a ground against the supply potential.
  • a voltage divider is suspended between the supply potential and the ground.
  • a first resistance value is from the supply potential to a tap and a second resistance value is from the tap to the ground.
  • a voltmeter has a measuring range and its measuring input is connected to the tap. The voltmeter measures the voltage at the tap and determines the effective voltage.
  • a measuring lead connects the tap to the outer conductor. The first resistance value is selected to be less than the second resistance value such that for a period of the AC voltage, the average voltage value at the tap is equal to the middle of the measurement range.
  • the measuring arrangement in particular the voltage divider, can be designed and operated independently of the supplied AC voltage. This is of particular interest with regard to different national power supplies.
  • the measuring range of the voltmeter is optimally utilized. A possible offset due to the decoupled potentials of the mass of the neutral conductor is compensated in a simple yet clever way.
  • the voltage divider determines the effective voltage from individual measurements of the voltage at the tap. This can be done in a known manner by integration, in an analog or numerical manner, or by determining the maximum value of the preferably sinusoidal AC voltage and calculating the RMS value based on the maximum value.
  • R1 / R2 (1-Vcc / Max), where R1 is the first resistance value (R1), R2 is the second resistance value, Vcc is the supply potential and Max is the upper limit voltage of the measuring range (Mb) is.
  • the hand tool is in particular an electric hand tool, such as an electric screwdriver, a hand-held drill, a chisel hammer, a combination hammer, a cordless screwdriver, a circular saw or a saber saw.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an AC voltage in a handheld power tool
  • FIG. 3 shows a measurement result of an embodiment of measuring an effective value of an AC voltage in a handheld power tool
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a handheld power tool.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement 5 for measuring the effective value E of the alternating voltage U in a handheld power tool. Shown are the neutral conductor N and an outer conductor L of a three-phase power supply.
  • a power supply 24 forwards the power to the internal consumers of the power tool, for example to a motor.
  • a DC voltage regulator 25 supplies a DC voltage range. The DC voltage regulator 25 picks up the AC voltage, and converts the AC voltage U1 into a fixed, regulated DC voltage Vcc.
  • the DC voltage rule 25 references its potential to the voltage U1 of the neutral conductor L.
  • the DC voltage regulator 25 pulls a mass 23 to a corresponding potential.
  • the ground 23 is decoupled from the potential Um of the outer conductor L.
  • a voltmeter 26 is supplied by the DC voltage Vcc of the DC regulator 25.
  • the voltmeter 26 uses the mass 23 as a reference potential.
  • the voltmeter 26 has a predetermined measuring range, which due to the Supply between ground 23 and the supply voltage Vcc is.
  • the design of the voltmeter 26 can further restrict the measuring range and its resolution.
  • the measuring range Mb is limited upwards by the voltage Max and downwards by the voltage Min.
  • the mean value MwMb of the measuring range Mb is the arithmetic mean of Min and Max.
  • the measuring input of the voltmeter 26 is indirectly connected to the outer conductor L.
  • a measuring arrangement 5 between the outer conductor L and the A / D converter ensures an adaptation of the voltage level in order to make maximum use of the measuring range of the A / D converter 26.
  • the measuring arrangement 5 further comprises a series resistor R v and a voltage divider comprising a first ohmic resistance 21 and a second ohmic resistance 22 having unequal resistance values R 2 .
  • the voltage divider 21, 22 is dimensioned such that the mean value Mw E of the alternating voltage U to be measured corresponds to the mean value Mw Mb of the measuring range Mb.
  • the voltmeter 26 records the voltage Uout at the tap 27 for at least one period of the AC voltage.
  • the effective voltage can be calculated by integrating (quadrature) the recorded voltage Uout or assuming sinusoidal voltage from the peak value of the voltage Uout.
  • the voltmeter 26 may include an A / D converter and possibly an integrator.
  • FIG. 3 shows a measurement result of measuring the effective value E of the alternating voltage U in a handheld power tool according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. Due to the dimensioning of the voltage divider 21, 22 shown above, the average value Mw E of the effective value E of the alternating voltage U to be measured corresponds to the mean value Mw Mb of the measuring range Mb, so that an offset between the mean value Mw E of the effective value E of the alternating voltage U to be measured and the Mean value Mw Mb of the measuring range Mb is avoided. In this way, the measuring range Mb is optimally utilized.
  • the measuring arrangement is designed for a maximum peak voltage U, which is represented as the maximum of the measuring range Mb.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of a handheld power tool 1, for example a hammer drill.
  • the hand tool 1 comprises an electric motor 2, which drives a tool 3, for example via a gear mechanism, percussion mechanism, etc. Furthermore, the hand tool 1 has a control device 4 for controlling the electric motor 2.
  • the control device 4 controls, for example, a voltage supply of the electric motor 2, and thereby a torque and / or a rotational speed of the electric motor 2.
  • a user takes the hand tool 1 by pressing a button 9 in operation.
  • the button 9 is preferably arranged on a handle 6, with which the user can hold and guide the power tool 1.
  • a power line 8 of the power tool 1 supplies the control device 4 and the electric motor 2 in response to the actuation of the button 9 with an electrical voltage.
  • the power line 8 preferably has three potential-carrying lines (outer conductor L).
  • the power line 8 can contain a neutral conductor N, or the neurail conductor N can be guided by a star connection within the handheld power tool 1 to the control device 4 and the measuring arrangement 5.
  • the measuring arrangement 5 is part of the control device 4.
  • the measuring arrangement 5 can also be arranged differently in the handheld power tool 1, for example as a separate component outside the control device 4th

Abstract

The handheld power tool according to the invention has a measuring arrangement for determining an effective value of an AC voltage (U) supplied via an outer conductor (L) opposite a neutral conductor (N). A regulated DC voltage source (25) has a supply potential (Vcc) which is referenced onto the neutral conductor (N). The DC voltage source (25) adjusts a potential of a mass (23) in relation to the supply potential (Vcc). A voltmeter (26) is supplied by the DC voltage source (25). A voltage divider is suspended between the supply potential (Vcc) and the mass (23). There is a first resistance value (R1) from the supply potential (Vcc) to a tap, and a second resistance value (R2) from the tap to the mass (23). A voltmeter (26) has a measurement range (Mb), the measurement input of the voltmeter is connected to the tap (27), and a measurement line connects the tap to the outer conductor (L). The first resistance value (R1) is selected so as to be less than the second resistance value (R2) such that the average voltage value at the tap is equal to the mean of the measurement range (Mb) for a period of the AC voltage (U).

Description

Messanordnung zum Messen eines Effektivwertes einer Wechselspannung in einer  Measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an alternating voltage in one
Handwerkzeugmaschine  Hand tool
GEBIET DER ERFINDUNG FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Messanordnung zum Messen eines Effektivwertes einer Wechselspannung insbesondere einer drei- oder mehrphasigen Drehphasenwechselspannung in einer Handwerkzeugmaschine sowie eine entsprechende Handwerkzeugmaschine. Die Versorgung der Handwerkzeugmaschine erfolgt durch eine Wechselspannung, welche je nach Normen und lokaler Belastungen des Netzes starken Schwankungen unterliegen können. Schutzeinrichtung, insbesondere Überlastbegrenzungen, können von der aktuellen Wechselspannung abhängig sein. Die entsprechenden Messwerte werden durch die erfindungsgemäße Messanordnung bereitgestellt. The present invention relates to a measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an alternating voltage, in particular of a three-phase or multi-phase rotational-phase alternating voltage in a hand-held power tool, and to a corresponding hand-held power tool. The supply of the power tool is made by an AC voltage, which can be subject to strong fluctuations depending on the standards and local loads of the network. Protective device, in particular overload limits, may be dependent on the current AC voltage. The corresponding measured values are provided by the measuring arrangement according to the invention.
Eine Zuleitung eines dreiphasigen Drehphasenwechselstrom beinhaltet drei Außenleiter und häufig einen Neutralleiter. Die typischerweise sinusförmige Spannungen auf den Außenleitern liegen jeweils in unterschiedlicher Phase gegenüber dem Neutralleiter an, um die elektrische Energie der Handwerkzeugmaschine zuzuführen. Das Bezugspotential des Neutralleiters kann in bekannter Weise innerhalb der Handwerkzeugmaschine auch durch eine Sternschaltung der Außenleiter erzeugt werden. Das Bestimmen des Effektivwerts der sinusförmigen Wechselspannung U erfolgt durch einen Spannungsmesser, der die Wechselspannung an einem Außenleiter gegenüber dem Neutralleiter aufzeichnet und quadriert. A three-phase AC phase-phase supply line includes three outer conductors and often a neutral conductor. The typically sinusoidal voltages on the outer conductors are in each case in a different phase relative to the neutral conductor to supply the electrical energy of the power tool. The reference potential of the neutral conductor can be generated in a known manner within the hand tool by a star connection of the outer conductor. The determination of the effective value of the sinusoidal alternating voltage U is effected by a voltmeter which records and squares the alternating voltage on an outer conductor relative to the neutral conductor.
Der Spannungsmesser wäre zweckmäßigerweise für die Integration in die weiteren Schaltkreise der Handwerkzeugmaschine als ein elektrisches Bauelement ausgebildet, welches per Gleichspannung betrieben wird. Die Bezugspotentiale, d.h. die Versorgungsspannung und die Masse, würden hierbei jedoch von den Wechselspannungspotentialen entkoppelt und auftretende Offsets beeinflussen die Messung des Effektivwerts. OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNG The voltmeter would be expediently designed for integration in the other circuits of the power tool as an electrical component, which is operated by DC voltage. However, the reference potentials, ie the supply voltage and the ground, would be decoupled from the AC potentials and occurring offsets will affect the measurement of the RMS value. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Die erfindungsgemäße Handwerkzeugmaschine hat eine Messanordnung zum Bestimmen eines Effektivwerts einer über einen Außenleiter gegenüber einem Neutralleiter eingespeisten Wechselspannung. Eine geregelte Gleichspannungsquelle hat ein Versorgungspotential, das auf den Neutralleiter referenziert ist. Die Gleichspannungsquelle regelt gegen das Versorgungspotential ein Potential einer Masse aus. Ein Spannungsteiler ist zwischen dem Versorgungspotential und der Masse aufgehängt. Ein erster Widerstandswert ist von dem Versorgungspotential zu einem Abgriff und ein zweiter Widerstandswert ist von dem Abgriff zu der Masse. Ein Spannungsmesser hat einen Messbereich und dessen Messeingang ist mit dem Abgriff verbunden. Der Spannungsmesser misst die Spannung am Abgriff und ermittelt daraus die Effektivspannung. Eine Messleitung verbindet den Abgriff mit dem Außenleiter. Der erste Widerstandswert ist derart geringer als der zweite Widerstandswert gewählt, dass für eine Periode der Wechselspannung der mittlere Spannungswert an dem Abgriff gleich der Mitte des Messbereichs ist. The handheld power tool according to the invention has a measuring arrangement for determining an effective value of an AC voltage fed in via an outer conductor with respect to a neutral conductor. A regulated DC voltage source has a supply potential that is referenced to the neutral conductor. The DC voltage source controls a potential of a ground against the supply potential. A voltage divider is suspended between the supply potential and the ground. A first resistance value is from the supply potential to a tap and a second resistance value is from the tap to the ground. A voltmeter has a measuring range and its measuring input is connected to the tap. The voltmeter measures the voltage at the tap and determines the effective voltage. A measuring lead connects the tap to the outer conductor. The first resistance value is selected to be less than the second resistance value such that for a period of the AC voltage, the average voltage value at the tap is equal to the middle of the measurement range.
Die Messanordnung, insbesondere der Spannungsteiler, kann unabhängig von der eingespeisten Wechselspannung ausgelegt und betrieben werden. Dies ist insbesondere in Hinblick auf unterschiedliche nationale Spannungsversorgungen von Interesse. Der Messbereich des Spannungsmessers wird dabei optimal ausgenützt. Ein möglicher Offset aufgrund der entkoppelten Potentiale der Masse von des Neutralleiters ist in einfacher und dennoch geschickter Weise kompensiert. Der Spannungsteiler ermittelt aus einzelnen Messungen der Spannung an dem Abgriff die Effektivspannung. Dies kann in bekannter Weise durch Integration, in analoger oder numerischer Weise, oder per Bestimmen des Maximalwertes der vorzugsweise sinusförmigen Wechselspannung und Errechnen des Effektivwerts basierend auf dem Maximalwert erfolgen. The measuring arrangement, in particular the voltage divider, can be designed and operated independently of the supplied AC voltage. This is of particular interest with regard to different national power supplies. The measuring range of the voltmeter is optimally utilized. A possible offset due to the decoupled potentials of the mass of the neutral conductor is compensated in a simple yet clever way. The voltage divider determines the effective voltage from individual measurements of the voltage at the tap. This can be done in a known manner by integration, in an analog or numerical manner, or by determining the maximum value of the preferably sinusoidal AC voltage and calculating the RMS value based on the maximum value.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die folgende Beziehung gilt: R1 / R2 = ( 1 - Vcc / Max ), wobei R1 der erste Widerstandswert (R1), R2 der zweite Widerstandswert, Vcc das Versorgungspotential und Max die obere Grenzspannung des Messbereichs (Mb) ist. Die Handwerkzeugmaschine ist insbesondere eine elektrische Handwerkzeugmaschine, wie zum Beispiel ein Elektroschrauber, eine handgehaltene Bohrmaschine, ein Meißelhammer, ein Kombihammer, ein Akkuschrauber, eine Kreissäge oder eine Säbelsäge. KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER FIGUREN An embodiment provides that the following relationship applies: R1 / R2 = (1-Vcc / Max), where R1 is the first resistance value (R1), R2 is the second resistance value, Vcc is the supply potential and Max is the upper limit voltage of the measuring range (Mb) is. The hand tool is in particular an electric hand tool, such as an electric screwdriver, a hand-held drill, a chisel hammer, a combination hammer, a cordless screwdriver, a circular saw or a saber saw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigt: The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures. In the figures shows:
Fig. 2 ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer Ausführungsform einer Messanordnung zum Messen eines Effektivwertes einer Wechselspannung in einer Handwerkzeugmaschine; Fig. 3 ein Messergebnis einer Ausführungsform eines Messens eines Effektivwertes einer Wechselspannung in einer Handwerkzeugmaschine; FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an AC voltage in a handheld power tool; FIG. 3 shows a measurement result of an embodiment of measuring an effective value of an AC voltage in a handheld power tool;
Fig. 4 ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer Ausführungsform einer Handwerkzeugmaschine. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a handheld power tool.
Gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente werden durch gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren indiziert, soweit nicht anders angegeben. Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figures, unless stated otherwise.
AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DER ERFINDUNG EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 2 zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer Ausführungsform einer Messanordnung 5 zum Messen des Effektivwertes E der Wechselspannung U in einer Handwerkzeugmaschine. Dargestellt sind der Neutralleiter N und ein Außenleiter L einer dreiphasigen Stromzuführung. Eine Spannungsversorgung 24 leitet den Strom an die internen Verbraucher der Handwerkzeugmaschine weiter, z.B. an einen Motor. Ein Gleichspannungsregler 25 versorgt einen Gleichspannungsbereich. Der Gleichspannungsregler 25 greift die Wechselspannung ab, und wandelt die Wechselspannung U1 in eine feste, geregelte Gleichspannung Vcc um. Der Gleichspannungsregel 25 referenziert sein Potential auf die Spannung U1 des Neutralleiters L. Der Gleichspannungsregler 25 zieht dabei eine Masse 23 auf ein entsprechendes Potential. Die Masse 23 ist entkoppelt gegenüber dem Potential Um des Außenleiters L. Ein Spannungsmesser 26 wird durch die Gleichspannung Vcc des Gleichspannungsreglers 25 versorgt. Der Spannungsmesser 26 nutzt die Masse 23 als Bezugspotential. Der Spannungsmesser 26 hat einen vorgegebenen Messbereich, welcher bedingt durch die Versorgung zwischen Masse 23 und der Versorgungsspannung Vcc liegt. Die Bauweise des Spannungsmesser 26 können den Messbereich und dessen Auflösung weiter einschränken. Der Messbereich Mb ist nach oben durch die Spannung Max und nach unten durch die Spannung Min begrenzt. Der Mittelwert MwMb des Messbereichs Mb ist das arithmetische Mittel von Min und Max. Der Messeingang des Spannungsmesser 26 ist mittelbar mit dem Außenleiter L verbunden. Eine Messanordnung 5 zwischen dem Außenleiter L und dem A/D- Wandler sorgt für eine Anpassung der Spannungspegel, um den Messbereich des A/D- Wandlers 26 maximal auszunützen. Die Messanordnung 5 umfasst weiter einen Vorwiderstand Rv und einen Spannungsteiler aus einem ersten ohmschen Widerstand 21 und einem zweiten ohmschen Wderstand 22 mit ungleichen Wderstandwerten R2. Der Spannungsteiler 21 , 22 ist derart dimensioniert, dass der Mittelwert MwE der zu messenden Wechselspannung U dem Mittelwert MwMb des Messbereiches Mb entspricht. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement 5 for measuring the effective value E of the alternating voltage U in a handheld power tool. Shown are the neutral conductor N and an outer conductor L of a three-phase power supply. A power supply 24 forwards the power to the internal consumers of the power tool, for example to a motor. A DC voltage regulator 25 supplies a DC voltage range. The DC voltage regulator 25 picks up the AC voltage, and converts the AC voltage U1 into a fixed, regulated DC voltage Vcc. The DC voltage rule 25 references its potential to the voltage U1 of the neutral conductor L. The DC voltage regulator 25 pulls a mass 23 to a corresponding potential. The ground 23 is decoupled from the potential Um of the outer conductor L. A voltmeter 26 is supplied by the DC voltage Vcc of the DC regulator 25. The voltmeter 26 uses the mass 23 as a reference potential. The voltmeter 26 has a predetermined measuring range, which due to the Supply between ground 23 and the supply voltage Vcc is. The design of the voltmeter 26 can further restrict the measuring range and its resolution. The measuring range Mb is limited upwards by the voltage Max and downwards by the voltage Min. The mean value MwMb of the measuring range Mb is the arithmetic mean of Min and Max. The measuring input of the voltmeter 26 is indirectly connected to the outer conductor L. A measuring arrangement 5 between the outer conductor L and the A / D converter ensures an adaptation of the voltage level in order to make maximum use of the measuring range of the A / D converter 26. The measuring arrangement 5 further comprises a series resistor R v and a voltage divider comprising a first ohmic resistance 21 and a second ohmic resistance 22 having unequal resistance values R 2 . The voltage divider 21, 22 is dimensioned such that the mean value Mw E of the alternating voltage U to be measured corresponds to the mean value Mw Mb of the measuring range Mb.
Der Spannungsmesser 26 zeichnet die Spannung Uout an dem Abgriff 27 für wenigstens eine Periode der Wechselspannung auf. Die effektive Spannung kann durch Integration (Quadratur) der aufgezeichneten Spannung Uout oder bei angenommener sinusförmiger Spannung aus dem Spitzenwert der Spannung Uout berechnet werden. Der Spannungsmesser 26 kann einen A/D-Wandler und ggf. einen Integrator enthalten. The voltmeter 26 records the voltage Uout at the tap 27 for at least one period of the AC voltage. The effective voltage can be calculated by integrating (quadrature) the recorded voltage Uout or assuming sinusoidal voltage from the peak value of the voltage Uout. The voltmeter 26 may include an A / D converter and possibly an integrator.
Fig. 3 zeigt ein Messergebnis eines Messens des Effektivwertes E der Wechselspannung U in einer Handwerkzeugmaschine gemäß der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform. Durch die oben dargestellte Dimensionierung des Spannungsteilers 21 , 22 entspricht der Mittelwert MwE des zu messenden Effektivwertes E der Wechselspannung U dem Mittelwert MwMb des Messbereiches Mb, so dass ein Offset zwischen dem Mittelwert MwE des zu messenden Effektivwertes E der Wechselspannung U und dem Mittelwert MwMb des Messbereiches Mb vermieden wird. Auf diese Weise wird der Messbereich Mb optimal ausgenutzt. FIG. 3 shows a measurement result of measuring the effective value E of the alternating voltage U in a handheld power tool according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. Due to the dimensioning of the voltage divider 21, 22 shown above, the average value Mw E of the effective value E of the alternating voltage U to be measured corresponds to the mean value Mw Mb of the measuring range Mb, so that an offset between the mean value Mw E of the effective value E of the alternating voltage U to be measured and the Mean value Mw Mb of the measuring range Mb is avoided. In this way, the measuring range Mb is optimally utilized.
Im Folgenden ist die Berechnung der Dimensionierung des Spannungsleiters 21 , 22 dargestellt. Um ist das Wechselspannungspotential an dem Außenleiter L, Rv der Widerstandswert des Vorwiderstands Rv, Uout das Potential an dem Messabgriff 27 des Spannungsteilers 21 , 22, The calculation of the dimensioning of the voltage conductor 21, 22 is shown below. In order, the AC potential at the outer conductor L, Rv is the resistance value of the series resistor Rv, Uout the potential at the Meßabgriff 27 of the voltage divider 21, 22,
Vom ersten Kirchhoffschen Gesetz lässt sich folgender Ausdruck ableiten: Die Messanordnung ist für eine maximale Scheitelspannung Ü ausgelegt, welche als Max des Messbereichs Mb dargestellt wird.From Kirchoff's first law the following expression can be derived: The measuring arrangement is designed for a maximum peak voltage U, which is represented as the maximum of the measuring range Mb.
Eingesetzt in (1) folgt daraus:  Inserted in (1) it follows:
Vcc  Vcc
R2 = ^ Rv (2) R 2 = ^ R v (2)
U + Ui - Vcc  U + Ui - Vcc
Bei der maximal messbaren negativen Scheitelspannung Ü , welche den kleinsten von dem Spannungsmesser darstellbaren Wert Min abgebildet wird, gilt: At the maximum measurable negative peak voltage U, which represents the smallest value Min that can be represented by the voltmeter, the following applies:
Wiederum eingesetzt in (1) folgt daraus:  Again inserted in (1) it follows:
R = ^ Vc ccc . R (3) R = ^ Vc c c c . R (3)
1 U - U1 v 1 U - U 1 v
i  i
Im Nulldurchgang gilt Um— U1 und es sollte Uout— - · VCc sein. At zero crossing we have U m - U 1 and it should be U out - - · V C c.
Im Folgenden werden zwei Varianten 1 und 2 des oben dargestellten Verfahrens beispielhaft aufgeführt. In the following, two variants 1 and 2 of the method presented above are exemplified.
Variante 1 : Version 1 :
Gewünschter Messbereich: +288 e^; U = ±407Vpeak Desired measuring range: +288 e ^; U = ± 407V peak
Ausgangsspannung Power Supply: U1 = 7,3V Output voltage Power Supply: U 1 = 7.3V
Spannungsversorgung A/D-Wandler: V 'cc = 5,0V Power supply A / D converter: V ' cc = 5.0V
Vorwiderstand: Rv = 204/ti2 Series resistance: R v = 204 / ti2
R1 = 2,55kn R 1 = 2.55kn
R2 = 2,49kü R 2 = 2.49 cu
Variante 2: Variant 2:
In dieser vereinfachten Variante liefert die Power Supply direkt die Versorgungsspannung des A/D-Wandlers, was bedeutet, dass U1 = VCc-In this simplified variant, the power supply directly supplies the supply voltage of the A / D converter, which means that U 1 = V C c-
Somit vereinfachen sich die beiden Ausdrücke (2) und (3) zu: Thus, the two expressions (2) and (3) simplify to:
R2 = ^ . RV (2 R1 = ^ . RV (3') R 2 = ^. R V (2 R 1 = ^. R V (3 ')
u u— V cc  u u V cc
Gewünschter Messbereich: ±264Veff = ±380Vpeak Desired measuring range: ± 264V e ff = ± 380V peak
Ausgangsspannung Power Supply: U1 = 5,0V Output voltage Power Supply: U 1 = 5.0V
Spannungsversorgung A/D-Wandler: VCc = 5,0V Power supply A / D converter: V C c = 5.0V
Vorwiderstand: Rv = 204/ci2 Series resistance: R v = 204 / ci2
R1 = 2,72kü R 1 = 2,72kü
R2 = 2,68kn In Fig. 4 ist ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 , z.B. einen Bohrhammer, dargestellt. Die Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 umfasst einen Elektromotor 2, welcher beispielsweise über ein Getriebe, Schlagwerk etc. 10 ein Werkzeug 3 antreibt. Weiterhin weist die Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 eine Steuereinrichtung 4 zur Steuerung des Elektromotors 2 auf. Die Steuereinrichtung 4 steuert dabei beispielsweise eine Spannungsversorgung des Elektromotors 2, und dadurch ein Drehmoment und/oder eine Drehzahl des Elektromotors 2. R 2 = 2.68kn FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of a handheld power tool 1, for example a hammer drill. The hand tool 1 comprises an electric motor 2, which drives a tool 3, for example via a gear mechanism, percussion mechanism, etc. Furthermore, the hand tool 1 has a control device 4 for controlling the electric motor 2. The control device 4 controls, for example, a voltage supply of the electric motor 2, and thereby a torque and / or a rotational speed of the electric motor 2.
Ein Anwender nimmt die Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 durch Betätigen eines Tasters 9 in Betrieb. Der Taster 9 ist vorzugsweise an einem Handgriff 6 angeordnet, mit welchem der Anwender die Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 halten und führen kann. Eine Netzleitung 8 der Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 versorgt die Steuereinrichtung 4 und den Elektromotor 2 in Abhängigkeit des Betätigens des Tasters 9 mit einer elektrischen Spannung. Die Netzleitung 8 hat vorzugsweise drei Potential-führende Leitungen (Außenleiter L). Die Netzleitung 8 kann einen Neutralleiter N enthalten, oder der Neuraileiter N kann von einer Sternschaltung innerhalb der Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 zu der Steuerungseinrichtung 4 und der Messanordnung 5 geführt sein. A user takes the hand tool 1 by pressing a button 9 in operation. The button 9 is preferably arranged on a handle 6, with which the user can hold and guide the power tool 1. A power line 8 of the power tool 1 supplies the control device 4 and the electric motor 2 in response to the actuation of the button 9 with an electrical voltage. The power line 8 preferably has three potential-carrying lines (outer conductor L). The power line 8 can contain a neutral conductor N, or the neurail conductor N can be guided by a star connection within the handheld power tool 1 to the control device 4 and the measuring arrangement 5.
Eine Messanordnung 5 dient zum Messen eines Effektivwertes einer Wechselspannung in der Handwerkzeugmaschine 1. In der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 ist die Messanordnung 5 Teil der Steuereinrichtung 4. Die Messanordnung 5 kann jedoch auch anders in der Handwerkzeugmaschine 1 angeordnet sein, beispielsweise als separates Bauteil außerhalb der Steuereinrichtung 4. In the exemplary embodiment of the handheld power tool 1 shown in FIG. 5, the measuring arrangement 5 is part of the control device 4. However, the measuring arrangement 5 can also be arranged differently in the handheld power tool 1, for example as a separate component outside the control device 4th

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einer Messanordnung zum Bestimmen eines Effektivwerts einer über einen Außenleiter (L) gegenüber einem Neutralleiter (N) eingespeisten Wechselspannung (U) mit: 1. Hand tool with a measuring arrangement for determining an effective value of an external conductor (L) opposite a neutral conductor (N) fed AC voltage (U) with:
einer geregelten Gleichspannungsquelle (25), die ein Versorgungspotential (Vcc) auf den Neutralleiter (N) referenziert und dagegen ein Potential einer Masse (23) ausregelt, einem Spannungsmesser (26), der von der Gleichspannungsquelle (25) versorgt ist, einem Spannungsteiler (5), der zwischen dem Versorgungspotential (Vcc) und der Masse (23) aufgehängt ist, einen ersten Wderstand (21 ) von dem Versorgungspotential a regulated DC voltage source (25), which references a supply potential (Vcc) to the neutral conductor (N) and, on the other hand, controls a potential of a ground (23), a voltage meter (26), which is supplied by the DC voltage source (25), to a voltage divider ( 5) suspended between the supply potential (Vcc) and the ground (23) has a first resistance (21) from the supply potential
(Vcc) zu einem Abgriff und einen zweiten Wderstand (22) von dem Abgriff zu der Masse (23) aufweist, (Vcc) to a tap and a second Wderstand (22) from the tap to the mass (23),
einem Spannungsmesser (26), der einen Messbereich (Mb) aufweist, dessen Messeingang mit dem Abgriff (27) verbunden ist und aus der Spannung (Uout) an dem Abgriff (27) eine Effektivspannung ermittelt,  a voltmeter (26) having a measuring range (Mb) whose measuring input is connected to the tap (27) and determines an effective voltage from the voltage (Uout) at the tap (27),
einer Messleitung, die den Abgriff mit dem Außenleiter (L) verbindet, wobei  a measuring line which connects the tap to the outer conductor (L), wherein
der erste Wderstandswert (R1) des ersten Widerstands (21) derart geringer als der zweite Wderstandswert (R2) des zweiten Widerstands (22) gewählt ist, dass für eine Periode der Wechselspannung (U) der mittlere Spannungswert an dem Abgriff gleich der Mitte des Messbereichs (Mb) ist.  the first resistance value (R1) of the first resistor (21) is selected to be less than the second resistance value (R2) of the second resistor (22) such that for a period of the AC voltage (U) the average voltage value at the tap equals the middle of the measuring range (Mb) is.
2. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass folgende Beziehung gilt: R1 / R2 = ( 1 - Vcc / Max ), wobei R1 der erste Widerstandswert (R1), R2 der zweite Wderstandswert, Vcc das Versorgungspotential und Max die obere Grenzspannung des Messbereichs (Mb) ist. 2. Hand tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the following relationship applies: R1 / R2 = (1 - Vcc / Max), where R1, the first resistance value (R1), R2, the second Wderstandswert, Vcc the supply potential and Max, the upper limit voltage of Measuring range (Mb) is.
3. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messleitung einen Vorwiderstand (Rv) enthält. 3. Hand tool according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the measuring line contains a resistor (Rv).
4. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einen von der Wechselspannung (U) gespeisten Elektromotor (2) beinhaltet. 4. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the AC voltage (U) powered electric motor (2) includes.
EP13795761.9A 2012-12-03 2013-11-26 Measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an ac voltage in a handheld power tool Withdrawn EP2926425A1 (en)

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DE102012222055.0A DE102012222055A1 (en) 2012-12-03 2012-12-03 Measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an alternating voltage in a handheld power tool
PCT/EP2013/074721 WO2014086617A1 (en) 2012-12-03 2013-11-26 Measuring arrangement for measuring an effective value of an ac voltage in a handheld power tool

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CN104919668A (en) 2015-09-16
US20150316585A1 (en) 2015-11-05

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