EP2920452B1 - Injector - Google Patents
Injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2920452B1 EP2920452B1 EP13788759.2A EP13788759A EP2920452B1 EP 2920452 B1 EP2920452 B1 EP 2920452B1 EP 13788759 A EP13788759 A EP 13788759A EP 2920452 B1 EP2920452 B1 EP 2920452B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- bore
- leakage
- nozzle needle
- control piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/701—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger mechanical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
- F02M2200/704—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with actuator and actuated element moving in different directions, e.g. in opposite directions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M2547/001—Control chambers formed by movable sleeves
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injector with an injector, an actuator and a nozzle needle, wherein the actuator is disposed in an actuator chamber of the injector, wherein the injector comprises a control piston bore, in which a control piston is arranged, wherein a leakage pin hole between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore provided is, in which a leakage pin is arranged, which couples the control piston to the actuator, wherein the control piston is in hydraulic operative connection for opening or closing an outlet opening of the injector with the nozzle needle, wherein a high pressure line is provided, which is used to transport a pressurized fuel is designed for the nozzle needle.
- injectors for injecting fuel in a combustion chamber of a combustion chamber which include an injector housing a piezoelectric actuator and a nozzle needle.
- the piezoelectric actuator is arranged in an actuator chamber of the injector housing.
- the injector housing comprises a control piston bore, in which a control piston is arranged.
- a leakage pin bore is provided, in which a leakage pin is arranged, which couples the control piston with the piezoelectric actuator.
- a high pressure line is provided, which is designed for transporting a pressurized fuel to the nozzle needle.
- this injector requires a precisely matched clearance between the pin hole and the leakage pin, which is expensive to manufacture.
- this fit continues to be adapted to a clearance between the control piston and the control piston bore, so that the function for actuating the nozzle needle is ensured.
- the coupler device comprises a coupler piston which is axially adjustably mounted in a guide piece and has a piston portion of smaller diameter, which is guided through a guide portion of the guide piece and supported on the piezoactuator.
- the piezoelectric actuator is arranged in a low-pressure region and arranged to ensure the tightness of the sealing gaps between the piston portion and the guide piece.
- a bore is arranged for hydraulic connection of the sealing gaps with a pressurized space under system pressure in the guide piece and the guide piece is arranged wholly or partly in a pressurized space under system pressure.
- an improved injector can be provided by the injector comprising an injector housing, an actuator and a nozzle needle.
- the actuator is arranged in an actuator space of the injector housing.
- the injector housing comprises a control piston bore, in which a control piston is arranged, wherein a leakage pin bore between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore is provided, in which a leakage pin is arranged, which couples the control piston with the actuator.
- the control piston is in hydraulic operative connection for opening or closing an outlet opening of the injector housing with the nozzle needle.
- a high-pressure line is provided, which is designed for transporting a pressurized fuel to the nozzle needle.
- a supply line is provided in the injector housing, which connects the leakage pin bore with the high pressure line.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the settings of the tolerances of the mating clearance between the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore and the control piston to the control piston bore are functionally separated from each other and no longer dependent on each other must be coordinated. As a result, the production of the injector can be simplified. Further, narrower clearance for both the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore as well as the spool and spool bore may be selected to increase the stiffness of the injector and thus reduce dead time of the injector. Furthermore, a higher robustness over the life of the injector is made possible because a worn leakage pin or a worn leakage pin bore has essentially no further effects on the operating behavior of the injector.
- a particularly good operating behavior and a particularly low leakage, and thus a particularly energy-efficient injector is provided by the throttle forming a first cross-sectional area and the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore forming a second cross-sectional area in a plane transverse to a longitudinal axis of the injector, the first cross-sectional area being the same Has size as the second cross-sectional area.
- the control piston forms a first control chamber together with the control piston bore on a first end side facing the leakage pin, wherein a second control chamber is provided on the front side of the nozzle needle, the first control chamber being connected to the second control chamber via a connection bore Control stroke movement of the nozzle needle.
- a first control chamber can be limited by the fact that a nozzle needle sleeve is provided, wherein the nozzle needle sleeve and the nozzle needle form a first guide game, through which a first fuel leakage flow is able to pass to the second control chamber.
- control piston and the control piston bore form a piston clearance through which a second fuel leakage flow is able to pass into the first control space, wherein a second guide clearance is provided between the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore through which a third fuel leakage flow is to pass into the actuator space can.
- the supply line can be easily manufactured if an intermediate plate between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore is provided, in which the supply line and the leakage pin hole are arranged.
- the intermediate plate comprises at least a first and a second intermediate plate part, wherein the feed line is groove-shaped in at least the first intermediate plate part and is closed by the second intermediate plate part.
- the supply line can be easily introduced, for example by means of a milling process in the intermediate plate or in the injector.
- Particularly short processing time for producing the supply line is required when the supply line is arranged substantially perpendicular to the high-pressure line and / or the leakage pin hole.
- the supply line is arranged substantially obliquely to the high-pressure line and / or the leakage pin hole, wherein the supply line opens into an upper or lower region of the high-pressure line.
- the supply line can be introduced, for example, in a simple manner by means of a drilling operation in the intermediate plate.
- the actuator is designed as a piezoelectric actuator. In this way, a particularly fast reaction time and a high actuation pressure for actuating the leakage pen can be provided.
- the injector 10 can be used for injecting fuel, in particular of a diesel fuel, into an internal combustion engine that includes a common rail injection system.
- the injector 10 has an injector housing 15.
- the injector housing 15 comprises a high-pressure line 25 extending parallel to a longitudinal axis 20, which can be supplied with high-pressure fuel via a high pressure port 30.
- the high-pressure port 30 is arranged in an upper region 11.
- a leakage connection 40 for returning fuel to a fuel tank of the motor vehicle is provided in the upper region 11 of the injector housing 15.
- the injector 15 in the upper portion 11 of the injector 10 has an actuator chamber 45 in which a piezoelectric actuator 50 is arranged.
- a piezoelectric actuator 50 As an alternative to the piezoelectric actuator 50, a magnetostrictive actuator could also be arranged in the actuator chamber 45.
- the actuator chamber 45 further has a leakage connection 51 to the leakage connection 40 and is thus part of a low pressure region 52 of the injector 10.
- the piezoelectric actuator 50 is preferably designed as a fully active piezo stack and has approximately a cylindrical shape and is connected via an electrical connection 54 with a supplied electrical voltage to change a length of the piezoelectric actuator 50 in the longitudinal direction, ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis 20.
- the injector 10 In an in FIG. 1 Below the upper portion 11 arranged lower portion 55 of the injector 15, the injector 10 has a control piston bore 60 in which a control piston 65 is arranged.
- the control piston 65 has a first end face 70, which faces the piezoelectric actuator 50.
- the first end face 70 forms together with the control piston bore 60 from a first control chamber 75.
- the control piston 65 forms a spring chamber 80 with a second end face 95 in the control piston bore 60.
- the control piston 65 is arranged to be movable between the first control chamber 75 and the spring chamber 80 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 20.
- a control piston spring 85 is provided, which is formed for example as a spiral compression spring.
- a first longitudinal end 90 of the control piston spring 85 of the second end face 95 of the control piston 65 faces and is supported on this.
- a second longitudinal end 100 of the control piston spring 85 is supported on a lower end face 104, which faces the second end face 95 of the control piston 65, the control piston bore 60 from.
- the control piston spring 85 acts on the control piston 65 with a force acting in the direction of the first control chamber 75 parallel to the longitudinal axis 20 force. It is emphasized that in the FIGS. 1 and 2 Although shown control piston 65 is different, but is functionally identical.
- a leakage pin bore 105 is arranged between the actuator chamber 45 and the first control chamber 75 of the control piston bore 60.
- a leakage pin 110 is further arranged, which rests against a third end face 115 on the piezoelectric actuator 50 and with a fourth end face 120 of the leakage pin 110 on the first end face 70 of the control piston 65.
- the length of the leakage pin 110 or of the leakage pin bore 105 is selected such that, given an increase in the length of the piezoactuator 50 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 20, the change in length of the piezoactuator 50 is transmitted to the control piston 65 via the leakage pin 110.
- the leakage pin 110 further includes an axial movement of the leakage pin 110 in FIG allow the leakage pin bore 105, a first guide play 121, which is designed as a clearance fit.
- the leakage pin bore 105 is arranged in an intermediate plate 125.
- the intermediate plate 125 abuts against a control plate 130, in which the control piston bore 60 is arranged.
- the high-pressure line 25 extends through the connection plate 135, the control plate 130 and the intermediate plate 125.
- nozzle needle housing 140 below this, on the connection plate 135, there is a nozzle needle housing 140, in which the high-pressure line 25 ends.
- a nozzle needle bore 145 is further provided, which extends along the longitudinal axis 20 and in which a nozzle needle sleeve 150 is arranged.
- the spring chamber 80 is connected via a spring chamber bore 146 with the nozzle needle bore 145.
- the nozzle needle sleeve 150 peripherally surrounds a nozzle needle 155.
- the nozzle needle 155 has an upper end face 160 on the upper side, which faces the connection plate 135.
- the upper end face 160 forms, together with the connection plate 135 in the longitudinal direction 20 and in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis 20, together with the nozzle needle sleeve 150, a second control chamber 160.
- the second control chamber 160 is connected via a schematically illustrated first connecting bore 165 with the first control chamber 75.
- a collar 170 is provided on the nozzle needle 155, which is formed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 20 circumferentially around the nozzle needle 155.
- a first longitudinal end 180 of the nozzle spring 175 is supported on the nozzle needle sleeve 150 and a second, opposite the longitudinal end 180 arranged longitudinal end 185 of the nozzle spring 175 via a ring 186 on the collar 170 from.
- the nozzle spring 175 acts on the nozzle needle 155 with a parallel to the longitudinal axis 20 acting away from the second control chamber 160 Force.
- the nozzle needle 155 further has a nozzle tip 190 on a longitudinal side facing away from the upper end face 160. Further, in the area of the nozzle tip 190, an outlet opening 195 is provided, which is closed by the nozzle needle tip 190.
- the high-pressure line 25 can be filled with a fuel which is under high pressure (1000 to 3000 bar), for example from a rail of a common-rail injection system, and is thus part of a high-pressure region 200 of the injector 10.
- the fuel is directed to the nozzle needle bore via the high-pressure line 25 145 promoted.
- the nozzle needle sleeve 150 and the nozzle needle 155 have a second guide clearance 205. Through the second guide clearance 205, the pressurized fuel from the nozzle needle bore 145 penetrates into the second control chamber 160 with a first fuel leakage flow K 1 . Via the first connection bore 165, the first fuel leakage flow K 1 is forwarded to the first control chamber 75.
- the spring chamber 80 is connected via a second connecting bore 210 with the nozzle needle bore 145, so that in the spring chamber 80, the fuel is under high pressure and presses against the second end face 76 of the control piston 65.
- the control piston 65 has an axial movement of the control piston 65 in the control piston bore 60 a piston clearance 215, through which a second fuel leakage flow K 2 flows in the direction of the first control chamber 75, in which the second fuel leakage flow K 2 combines with the first fuel leakage flow K 1 ,
- the fuel leakage flows occur only when the pressure in the first control chamber 75 is smaller than the pressure in the high-pressure line 25.
- the leakage pin 110 If the leakage pin 110 is displaced downward by an increase in length of the piezoelectric actuator 50 in the direction of the nozzle needle 155, it actuates the control piston 65 and also presses the control piston 65 in the direction of the nozzle needle 155. As a result, the volume of the first control chamber 75 is increased, as a result of which Pressure is reduced, with the pressure equalization fuel off the second control chamber 160 flows via the first connecting bore 165 and thus drops in the second control chamber 160 of the prevailing pressure there. Further, the first and the second fuel leakage flow K 1 , K 2 flow into the first control chamber 75.
- the pressure drop in the second control chamber 160 decreases a force for pressing the nozzle needle 155 against the outlet opening 166, so that the nozzle needle 155 by the in the nozzle needle bore 145 prevailing pressure is raised on the underside in the area of the nozzle needle tip 190 and the nozzle needle spring 175 is compressed.
- fuel flows from the nozzle needle bore 145 via the outlet opening 195 into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- the piezoelectric actuator 50 is electrically controlled in such a way that it shortens back to its original state.
- the control piston spring 85 presses the control piston 65 in the direction of the actuator chamber 45, wherein the leakage pin 110 is also pressed in the direction of the actuator chamber 45.
- the leakage pin 110 follows the axial shortening of the piezoelectric actuator 50. In this case, the volume of the first control chamber 75 is reduced and the fuel contained therein is pressed via the first connection bore 165 into the second control chamber 160. Furthermore, part of the fuel flows via a third fuel leakage flow K 3 into the actuator chamber 45.
- the increase in pressure causes the pressure through the fuel in the second control chamber 160 and the force of the nozzle needle spring 175 to be greater than that of the pressurized fuel in the nozzle needle bore 145 to lift the nozzle needle 155 so that the nozzle needle 155 returns downward is pressed so that the nozzle needle tip 190 closes the outlet opening 166 in the injector 15.
- a supply pipe 225 is provided between the leakage pin hole 105 and the high-pressure pipe 75 in the intermediate plate 125.
- the supply line 225 is in the FIGS. 3 and 4 arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis 20 and the leakage pin 110 and terminates in an upper region of the high-pressure line 25.
- the supply line 225 may also be arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis 20 or end in a lower region of the high-pressure line 25.
- the oblique arrangement of the feed line 225 has the advantage that the feed line 225 can be introduced by an obliquely attached drill through the already introduced into the intermediate plate 125 leakage pin bore 105 or the high pressure line 25 to connect the high pressure line 25 with the leakage pin hole 105.
- the high pressure line 25 supplies the supply line 225 with fuel under high pressure. This fuel sets the fuel in the first guide clearance 121 under the pressure of the high-pressure line 25. This causes the pressure difference at the leakage pin 110 between the high-pressure area 200 and the low-pressure area 52 of the injector 10 to be eliminated. As a result, the low-pressure region 52 is functionally separated from the function of the high-pressure region 200.
- the first and second guide play 121 and 205 as well as the piston play 215 can be designed for minimally possible play for this state of the injector 10 in order to prevent jamming. Furthermore, it can be avoided that the first and second guide play 121 and 205 and the piston play 215 are to be adapted to a minimum leakage flow with respect to one each by the first and second guide play 121 and 205 and piston play 215. As a result, the design of the injector 10 can be simplified.
- FIG. 4 shows a section A of in FIG. 1 shown injector according to a second embodiment.
- the injector 230 is substantially identical to that in FIG FIG. 3 formed injector.
- a throttle 235 is provided in the supply line 225, which is disposed adjacent to the leakage pin bore 110. It has also proven to be advantageous if the throttle is arranged at a distance of up to 20 percent of the length of the supply line from the leakage pin bore 105.
- the throttle 235 has a first cross-sectional area.
- the first guide play 121 is selected to ensure a movement of the leakage pin 110 as a clearance fit. As a result, there is a gap between the leakage pin 110 and the leakage pin bore 105.
- the gap forms an annular surface with a second cross-sectional area.
- the first cross-sectional area is approximately the same size as the second cross-sectional area.
- the functional robustness of the injector against possible wear on the leakage pin 110 is minimized by the fact that the first guide clearance 121 can be optimally adapted to the loads of the leakage pin 110 in the leakage pin bore 105.
- the first guide play 121 can be selected such that during the up-and-down movement of the fuel located in the second guide play 121 for lubrication does not break off and thus the direct rubbing of the leakage pin 110 can be avoided at the leakage pin bore 105 and at the same time the third Fuel leakage current K 3 to the actuator chamber 45 is minimized.
- FIG. 5 shows a section of the one in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown injector 240 according to a third embodiment.
- the injector 240 is substantially identical to that in the FIGS. 1 to 4 formed injector.
- the intermediate plate 125 in addition to that in the FIGS. 1 to 4
- the first intermediate plate part 245 is arranged adjacent to the actuator space 45, while the second intermediate plate part 250 rests against the control plate 130.
- a feed line 260 is provided on the end face 255 facing the second intermediate plate part 250, which feed line is formed in a groove shape in the first intermediate plate part 245.
- the supply line 260 extends radially from the leakage pin 110 outwardly to the high pressure line 25 and connects the leakage pin hole 105 with the high pressure line 25.
- the groove-like configuration of the feed line 260 has the advantage that they easily, for example, with a milling operation, in the first intermediate plate part 245th can be introduced.
- the feed line 260 is through the second intermediate plate part 250th closed at the bottom so that the two intermediate plate parts 245, 250 form a channel which connects the leakage pin bore 105 with the high pressure line 25.
- the feed line 260 may have a rectangular, polygonal, round or trapezoidal cross-section, depending on the desired design.
- the feed line 260 is disposed in the upper intermediate plate portion 245.
- the feed line 260 can also be arranged in the lower second intermediate plate part 250 or in both intermediate plate parts 245, 250.
- the supply line 260 may also consist of several juxtaposed Zulite effet für wet.
- FIG. 6 shows a section of the in FIG. 1 shown injector according to a fourth embodiment.
- the injector 265 is substantially identical to the in FIG. 5 formed injector.
- a throttle 265 is provided in the supply line 260, which is arranged adjacent to the leakage pin bore 105.
- the throttle 265 is similar in terms of their dimensions as in FIG. 4 explained throttle formed.
- the throttle 265, as also explained above, spaced from the leakage pin bore 105 are arranged. In this way, the fuel leakage current K 3 can be minimized particularly well in the dynamic operation of the injector 265. Further, as explained above, the wear of the leakage pin 110 in the leakage pin bore 105 can be minimized.
- the above-mentioned embodiments of the injector 10, 230, 240, 265 also have the advantage that the second guide play 205 or the piston play 215 can be selected independently of the first guide play 121 between the leakage pin 110 and the leakage pin bore 105.
- the guide plays 121, 205 and the piston play 215 can each be adapted optimally to the respective task of the component, for example control piston 65 or the nozzle needle sleeve 150.
- second guide play 205 and / or the piston clearance 215 is significantly reduced compared to the injectors known in the art, so that the rigidity of the control piston 65 is increased in the control piston bore 60 and at the same time a dead time of the injector is reduced.
- the robustness of the injector 10, 230, 240, 265 is increased, so that the injector 10, 230, 240, 265 has a longer service life, since the wear on the leakage pen 111 has almost no effect on the behavior of the control piston 65 or the control of the Nozzle needle 155 has.
- the leakage within the injector 10, 230, 240, 265 is reduced by the closely selected guide plays 205, 121 and / or the reduced piston play 210.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Injektor mit einem Injektorgehäuse, einem Aktor und einer Düsennadel, wobei der Aktor in einem Aktorraum des Injektorgehäuses angeordnet ist, wobei das Injektorgehäuse eine Steuerkolbenbohrung umfasst, in der ein Steuerkolben angeordnet ist, wobei eine Leckagestiftbohrung zwischen dem Aktorraum und der Steuerkolbenbohrung vorgesehen ist, in der ein Leckagestift angeordnet ist, der den Steuerkolben mit dem Aktor koppelt, wobei der Steuerkolben in hydraulischer Wirkverbindung zum Öffnen oder Schließen einer Auslassöffnung des Injektorgehäuses mit der Düsennadel steht, wobei eine Hochdruckleitung vorgesehen ist, die zum Transport eines unter Druck stehendem Kraftstoff zu der Düsennadel ausgelegt ist.The invention relates to an injector with an injector, an actuator and a nozzle needle, wherein the actuator is disposed in an actuator chamber of the injector, wherein the injector comprises a control piston bore, in which a control piston is arranged, wherein a leakage pin hole between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore provided is, in which a leakage pin is arranged, which couples the control piston to the actuator, wherein the control piston is in hydraulic operative connection for opening or closing an outlet opening of the injector with the nozzle needle, wherein a high pressure line is provided, which is used to transport a pressurized fuel is designed for the nozzle needle.
Es sind Injektoren zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in einem Brennraum einer Brennkammer bekannt, die ein Injektorgehäuse einen Piezoaktor und eine Düsennadel umfassen. Der Piezoaktor ist in einem Aktorraum des Injektorgehäuses angeordnet. Das Injektorgehäuse umfasst eine Steuerkolbenbohrung, in der ein Steuerkolben angeordnet ist. Zwischen dem Aktorraum und der Steuerkolbenbohrung ist eine Leckagestiftbohrung vorgesehen, in der ein Leckagestift angeordnet ist, der den Steuerkolben mit dem Piezoaktor koppelt. Des Weiteren ist eine Hochdruckleitung vorgesehen, die zum Transport eines unter Druck stehenden Kraftstoffes zu der Düsennadel ausgelegt ist. Dieser Injektor erfordert im Bereich der Leckagestiftbohrung ein genau abgestimmtes Passungsspiel zwischen Leckagestiftbohrung und Leckagestift welches aufwendig in der Herstellung herzustellen ist. Ferner ist diese Passung weiterhin an ein Passungsspiel zwischen dem Steuerkolben und der Steuerkolbenbohrung anzupassen, sodass die Funktion zur Betätigung der Düsennadel gewährleistet ist.There are known injectors for injecting fuel in a combustion chamber of a combustion chamber, which include an injector housing a piezoelectric actuator and a nozzle needle. The piezoelectric actuator is arranged in an actuator chamber of the injector housing. The injector housing comprises a control piston bore, in which a control piston is arranged. Between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore a leakage pin bore is provided, in which a leakage pin is arranged, which couples the control piston with the piezoelectric actuator. Furthermore, a high pressure line is provided, which is designed for transporting a pressurized fuel to the nozzle needle. In the area of the leakage pin bore, this injector requires a precisely matched clearance between the pin hole and the leakage pin, which is expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, this fit continues to be adapted to a clearance between the control piston and the control piston bore, so that the function for actuating the nozzle needle is ensured.
Aus der
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung einen verbesserten Injektor bereitzustellen.It is an object of the invention to provide an improved injector.
Diese Aufgabe wird mittels der Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by means of the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass ein verbesserter Injektor dadurch bereitgestellt werden kann, dass der Injektor ein Injektorgehäuse, einen Aktor und eine Düsennadel umfasst. Der Aktor ist in einem Aktorraum des Inj ektorgehäuses angeordnet. Das Injektorgehäuse umfasst eine Steuerkolbenbohrung, in der ein Steuerkolben angeordnet ist, wobei eine Leckagestiftbohrung zwischen dem Aktorraum und der Steuerkolbenbohrung vorgesehen ist, in der ein Leckagestift angeordnet ist, der den Steuerkolben mit dem Aktor koppelt. Der Steuerkolben steht in hydraulischer Wirkverbindung zum Öffnen oder Schließen einer Auslassöffnung des Injektorgehäuses mit der Düsennadel. Ferner ist eine Hochdruckleitung vorgesehen, die zum Transport eines unter Druck stehendem Kraftstoff zu der Düsennadel ausgelegt ist. Des Weiteren ist eine Zuführleitung in dem Injektorgehäuse vorgesehen, die die Leckagestiftbohrung mit der Hochdruckleitung verbindet.According to the invention, it has been recognized that an improved injector can be provided by the injector comprising an injector housing, an actuator and a nozzle needle. The actuator is arranged in an actuator space of the injector housing. The injector housing comprises a control piston bore, in which a control piston is arranged, wherein a leakage pin bore between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore is provided, in which a leakage pin is arranged, which couples the control piston with the actuator. The control piston is in hydraulic operative connection for opening or closing an outlet opening of the injector housing with the nozzle needle. Further, a high-pressure line is provided, which is designed for transporting a pressurized fuel to the nozzle needle. Furthermore, a supply line is provided in the injector housing, which connects the leakage pin bore with the high pressure line.
Diese Ausgestaltung hat den Vorteil, dass die Einstellungen der Toleranzen des Paarungsspiels zwischen dem Leckagestift und der Leckagestiftbohrung sowie des Steuerkolbens zu der Steuerkolbenbohrung funktional voneinander getrennt werden und nicht mehr abhängig voneinander aufeinander abgestimmt werden müssen. Dadurch kann die Fertigung des Injektors vereinfacht werden. Ferner können engere Passungsspielräume sowohl für den Leckagestift als auch für die Leckagestiftbohrung als auch für den Steuerkolben und die Steuerkolbenbohrung gewählt werden, sodass die Steifigkeit des Injektors erhöht wird und somit eine Todzeit des Injektors reduziert wird. Des Weiteren wird eine höhere Robustheit über die Lebensdauer des Injektors ermöglicht, da ein verschlissener Leckagestift bzw. eine verschlissene Leckagestiftbohrung im Wesentlichen keine weiteren Auswirkungen auf das Betriebsverhalten des Injektors hat. Durch die Möglichkeit die Passungsspiele des Leckagestiftes zu der Leckagestiftbohrung bzw. des Steuerkolbens zu der Steuerkolbenbohrung eng zu wählen, erfolgt über diese Passungsspiele zwischen dem Leckagestift und der Leckagestiftbohrung bzw. dem Steuerkolben und der Steuerkolbenbohrung eine geringe Leckage bzw. ein geringer Kraftstofffluss, sodass eine deutlich geringere Anzahl von Partikeln zwischen dem Steuerkolben und der Steuerkolbenbohrung bzw. dem Leckagestift und der Leckagestiftbohrung geschleust werden und somit ferner der Verschleiß zwischen dem Leckagestift und der Leckagestiftbohrung bzw. dem Steuerkolben und der Steuerkolbenbohrung zusätzlich reduziert wird. In der Zuführleitung ist eine Drossel vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise kann auf einfache Weise die Querschnittfläche zum Durchfluss von Treibstoff definiert in der Zuführleitung festgelegt werden. Ein besonders gutes Betriebsverhalten und eine besonders niedrige Leckage und damit ein besonders energieeffizienter Injektor wird bereitgestellt, indem die Drossel eine erste Querschnittfläche und der Leckagestift und die Leckagestiftbohrung eine zweite Querschnittfläche in einer Ebene quer zu einer Längsachse des Injektors ausbilden, wobei die erste Querschnittfläche die gleiche Größe wie die zweite Querschnittfläche aufweist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Steuerkolben an einer dem Leckagestift zugewandten ersten Stirnseite zusammen mit der Steuerkolbenbohrung einen ersten Steuerraum ausbildet, wobei stirnseitig an der Düsennadel ein zweiter Steuerraum vorgesehen ist, wobei der erste Steuerraum mit dem zweiten Steuerraum über eine Verbindungsbohrung verbunden ist, um eine Hubbewegung der Düsennadel zu steuern.This embodiment has the advantage that the settings of the tolerances of the mating clearance between the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore and the control piston to the control piston bore are functionally separated from each other and no longer dependent on each other must be coordinated. As a result, the production of the injector can be simplified. Further, narrower clearance for both the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore as well as the spool and spool bore may be selected to increase the stiffness of the injector and thus reduce dead time of the injector. Furthermore, a higher robustness over the life of the injector is made possible because a worn leakage pin or a worn leakage pin bore has essentially no further effects on the operating behavior of the injector. Due to the possibility of the clearance play of the leakage pin to the leakage pin bore or the control piston to the control piston bore to choose narrow, takes place via these clearance games between the leakage pin and the leakage pin hole or the control piston and the control piston bore low leakage or a low fuel flow, so that a significantly smaller number of particles between the control piston and the control piston bore or the leakage pin and the leakage pin hole be slid and thus further the wear between the leakage pin and the leakage pin hole and the control piston and the control piston bore is further reduced. In the feed line a throttle is provided. In this way, the cross-sectional area to the flow of fuel defined in the supply line can be defined in a simple manner. A particularly good operating behavior and a particularly low leakage, and thus a particularly energy-efficient injector, is provided by the throttle forming a first cross-sectional area and the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore forming a second cross-sectional area in a plane transverse to a longitudinal axis of the injector, the first cross-sectional area being the same Has size as the second cross-sectional area. It is particularly advantageous if the control piston forms a first control chamber together with the control piston bore on a first end side facing the leakage pin, wherein a second control chamber is provided on the front side of the nozzle needle, the first control chamber being connected to the second control chamber via a connection bore Control stroke movement of the nozzle needle.
Besonders einfach kann ein erster Steuerraum dadurch begrenzt werden, dass eine Düsennadelhülse vorgesehen ist, wobei die Düsennadelhülse und die Düsennadel ein erstes Führungsspiel ausbilden, durch das ein erster Kraftstoffleckagestrom zu dem zweiten Steuerraum hindurchzutreten vermag.Particularly simple, a first control chamber can be limited by the fact that a nozzle needle sleeve is provided, wherein the nozzle needle sleeve and the nozzle needle form a first guide game, through which a first fuel leakage flow is able to pass to the second control chamber.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform bilden der Steuerkolben und die Steuerkolbenbohrung ein Kolbenspiel aus, durch das ein zweiter Kraftstoffleckagestrom in den ersten Steuerraum hindurchzutreten vermag, wobei zwischen dem Leckagestift und der Leckagestiftbohrung ein zweites Führungsspiel vorgesehen ist, durch das ein dritter Kraftstoffleckagestrom in den Aktorraum hindurch zu treten vermag.In a further embodiment, the control piston and the control piston bore form a piston clearance through which a second fuel leakage flow is able to pass into the first control space, wherein a second guide clearance is provided between the leakage pin and the leakage pin bore through which a third fuel leakage flow is to pass into the actuator space can.
Die Zuführleitung kann einfach hergestellt werden, wenn zwischen dem Aktorraum und der Steuerkolbenbohrung eine Zwischenplatte vorgesehen ist, in der die Zuführleitung und die Leckagestiftbohrung angeordnet sind.The supply line can be easily manufactured if an intermediate plate between the actuator chamber and the control piston bore is provided, in which the supply line and the leakage pin hole are arranged.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst die Zwischenplatte wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Zwischenplattenteil, wobei die Zuführleitung nutförmig in wenigstens dem ersten Zwischenplattenteil angeordnet ist und durch den zweiten Zwischenplattenteil verschlossen ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the intermediate plate comprises at least a first and a second intermediate plate part, wherein the feed line is groove-shaped in at least the first intermediate plate part and is closed by the second intermediate plate part.
Auf diese Weise kann die Zuführleitung beispielsweise mittels eines Fräsverfahrens einfach in die Zwischenplatte bzw. in den Injektor eingebracht werden.In this way, the supply line can be easily introduced, for example by means of a milling process in the intermediate plate or in the injector.
Besonders kurze Bearbeitungszeit zur Herstellung der Zuführleitung wird dann benötigt, wenn die Zuführleitung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hochdruckleitung und/oder der Leckagestiftbohrung angeordnet ist.Particularly short processing time for producing the supply line is required when the supply line is arranged substantially perpendicular to the high-pressure line and / or the leakage pin hole.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Zuführleitung im Wesentlichen schräg zur Hochdruckleitung und/oder zur Leckagestiftbohrung angeordnet ist, wobei die Zuführleitung in einen oberen oder unteren Bereich der Hochdruckleitung mündet.In a further embodiment, the supply line is arranged substantially obliquely to the high-pressure line and / or the leakage pin hole, wherein the supply line opens into an upper or lower region of the high-pressure line.
Auf diese Weise kann die Zuführleitung beispielsweise auf einfache Weise mittels eines Bohrvorgangs in die Zwischenplatte eingebracht werden.In this way, the supply line can be introduced, for example, in a simple manner by means of a drilling operation in the intermediate plate.
Als besonders Vorteilhaft hat sich herausgestellt, wenn die Drossel angrenzend an die Leckagestiftbohrung in der Zuführleitung angeordnet ist.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the throttle is arranged adjacent to the leakage pin bore in the supply line.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist ferner, wenn der der Aktor als Piezoaktor ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine besonders schnelle Reaktionszeit und ein hoher Betätigungsdruck zur Betätigung des Leckagestiftes bereitgestellt werden.It is also particularly advantageous if the actuator is designed as a piezoelectric actuator. In this way, a particularly fast reaction time and a high actuation pressure for actuating the leakage pen can be provided.
Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele, die im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden, wobei gleiche Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet werden.The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the embodiments which will be described in connection with the drawings, wherein like components are considered to be similar Reference signs are designated.
Dabei zeigen:
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Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen unteren Abschnitt eines Injektor gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform, -
Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch einen oberen Abschnitt des inFigur 1 gezeigten Injektors, -
Figur 3 ein Ausschnitt des in denFiguren 1 und2 gezeigten Injektors, -
Figur 4 einen Ausschnitt eines Injektors gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform -
Figur 5 ein Ausschnitt eines Injektors gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform, und -
Figur 6 ein Ausschnitt eines Injektors gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform.
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FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through a lower portion of an injector according to a first embodiment, -
FIG. 2 a longitudinal section through an upper portion of inFIG. 1 shown injector, -
FIG. 3 a section of the in theFIGS. 1 and2 shown injector, -
FIG. 4 a detail of an injector according to a second embodiment -
FIG. 5 a section of an injector according to a third embodiment, and -
FIG. 6 a section of an injector according to a fourth embodiment.
Der Injektor 10 kann zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff, insbesondere von einem Dieselkraftstoff, in eine Brennkraftmaschine, die ein Common Rail Einspritzsystem umfasst, dienen. Der Injektor 10 weist ein Injektorgehäuse 15 auf. Das Injektorgehäuse 15 umfasst eine sich parallel zu einer Längsachse 20 erstreckende Hochdruckleitung 25, der über einen Hockdruckanschluss 30 unter hohem Druck stehender Kraftstoff zugeführt werden kann. Der Hochdruckanschluss 30 ist in einem oberen Bereich 11 angeordnet. Ferner ist im oberen Bereich 11 des Injektorgehäuses 15 ein Leckageanschluss 40 zur Rückführung von Kraftstoff in einen Kraftstofftank des Kraftfahrzeugs vorgesehen.The
Weiter weist das Injektorgehäuse 15 im oberen Bereich 11 des Injektors 10 einen Aktorraum 45 auf, in dem ein Piezoaktor 50 angeordnet ist. Alternativ zum Piezoaktor 50 wäre auch ein magnetostriktiv ausgebildeter Aktor im Aktorraum 45 anordbar. Der Aktorraum 45 weist ferner eine Leckageverbindung 51 zum Leckageanschluss 40 auf und ist somit Teil eines Niederdruckbereichs 52 des Injektors 10. Der Piezoaktor 50 ist bevorzugterweise als voll aktiver Piezostapel ausgebildet und weist in etwa eine zylindrische Form auf und wird über einen elektrischen Anschluss 54 mit einer elektrischen Spannung versorgt, um eine Länge des Piezoaktors 50 in Längsrichtung, also in Richtung der Längsachse 20, zu verändern. In einem in
Der Steuerkolben 65 weist eine erste Stirnseite 70 auf, die dem Piezoaktor 50 zugewandt ist. Die erste Stirnseite 70 bildet zusammen mit der Steuerkolbenbohrung 60 einen ersten Steuerraum 75 aus. Gegenüberliegend zu der ersten Stirnseite 70 bildet der Steuerkolben 65 mit einer zweiten Stirnseite 95 in der Steuerkolbenbohrung 60 einen Federraum 80 aus. Der Steuerkolben 65 ist dabei zwischen dem ersten Steuerraum 75 und dem Federraum 80 in Richtung der Längsachse 20 beweglich angeordnet. Im Federraum 80 ist eine Steuerkolbenfeder 85 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise als Spiraldruckfeder ausgebildet ist. Dabei ist ein erstes Längsende 90 der Steuerkolbenfeder 85 der zweiten Stirnseite 95 des Steuerkolbens 65 zugewandt und stützt sich an dieser ab. Ein zweites Längsende 100 der Steuerkolbenfeder 85 stützt sich an einer unteren Stirnfläche 104, die der zweiten Stirnseite 95 des Steuerkolbens 65 zugewandt ist, der Steuerkolbenbohrung 60 ab. Die Steuerkolbenfeder 85 beaufschlagt den Steuerkolben 65 mit einer in Richtung des ersten Steuerraums 75 parallel zur Längsachse 20 wirkenden Kraft. Es wird betont, dass der in den
Die Leckagestiftbohrung 105 ist in einer Zwischenplatte 125 angeordnet. Die Zwischenplatte 125 liegt oberhalb an einer Steuerplatte 130 an, in der die Steuerkolbenbohrung 60 angeordnet ist. Unterhalb der Steuerplatte 130 liegt an dieser eine Anschlussplatte 135 an. Durch die Anschlussplatte 135, die Steuerplatte 130 und die Zwischenplatte 125 erstreckt sich die Hochdruckleitung 25. Unterhalb an der Anschlussplatte 135 liegt an dieser ein Düsennadelgehäuse 140 an, in der die Hochdruckleitung 25 endet.The leakage pin bore 105 is arranged in an
In dem Düsennadelgehäuse 140 ist ferner eine Düsennadelbohrung 145 vorgesehen, die entlang der Längsachse 20 verläuft und in der eine Düsennadelhülse 150 angeordnet ist. Dabei ist der Federraum 80 über eine Federraumbohrung 146 mit der Düsennadelbohrung 145 verbunden. Die Düsennadelhülse 150 umgreift umfangsseitig eine Düsennadel 155. Die Düsennadel 155 weist oberseitig eine obere Stirnfläche 160 auf, die der Anschlussplatte 135 zugewandt ist. Die obere Stirnfläche 160 bildet zusammen mit der Anschlussplatte 135 in Längsrichtung 20 und in radialer Richtung bezogen auf die Längsachse 20 zusammen mit der Düsennadelhülse 150 einen zweiten Steuerraum 160 aus. Der zweite Steuerraum 160 ist über eine schematisch dargestellte erste Verbindungsbohrung 165 mit dem ersten Steuerraum 75 verbunden.In the
Unterhalb der Düsennadelhülse 150 ist an der Düsennadel 155 ein Kragen 170 vorgesehen, der im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Längsachse 20 umlaufend um die Düsennadel 155 ausgebildet ist. Zwischen dem Kragen 170 und der Düsennadelhülse 150 ist eine Düsenfeder 175, die beispielsweise als Spiraldruckfeder ausgebildet ist, angeordnet. Dabei stützt sich ein erstes Längsende 180 der Düsenfeder 175 an der Düsennadelhülse 150 und ein zweites, gegenüber dem Längsende 180 angeordnetes Längsende 185 der Düsenfeder 175 über einen Ring 186 an dem Kragen 170 ab. Die Düsenfeder 175 beaufschlagt die Düsennadel 155 mit einer parallel zur Längsachse 20 wirkenden vom zweiten Steuerraum 160 wegwirkenden Kraft. Die Düsennadel 155 weist ferner an einer der oberen Stirnfläche 160 abgewandten Längsseite eine Düsenspitze 190 auf. Ferner ist im Bereich der Düsenspitze 190 eine Auslassöffnung 195 vorgesehen, die durch die Düsennadelspitze 190 verschlossen wird.Below the nozzle needle sleeve 150, a
Die Hochdruckleitung 25 ist mit einem unter hohem Druck (1000 bis 3000 bar) stehenden Kraftstoff, beispielsweise aus einem Rail eines Common-Rail-Einspritzsystems, füllbar und ist somit Teil eines Hochdruckbereichs 200 des Injektors 10. Über die Hochdruckleitung 25 wird der Kraftstoff zur Düsennadelbohrung 145 gefördert. Die Düsennadelhülse 150 und die Düsennadel 155 weisen ein zweites Führungsspiel 205 auf. Durch das zweite Führungsspiel 205 dringt der unter Druck stehende Kraftstoff aus der Düsennadelbohrung 145 in den zweiten Steuerraum 160 mit einem ersten Kraftstoffleckagestrom K1 ein. Über die erste Verbindungsbohrung 165 wird der erste Kraftstoffleckagestrom K1 zum ersten Steuerraum 75 weitergeleitet.The high-
Der Federraum 80 ist über eine zweite Verbindungsbohrung 210 mit der Düsennadelbohrung 145 verbunden, so dass im Federraum 80 der Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck steht und gegen die zweite Stirnseite 76 des Steuerkolbens 65 drückt. Der Steuerkolben 65 weist um eine axiale Bewegung des Steuerkolbens 65 in der Steuerkolbenbohrung 60 ein Kolbenspiel 215 auf, durch welches ein zweiter Kraftstoffleckagestrom K2 in Richtung des ersten Steuerraums 75 strömt, in dem sich der zweite Kraftstoffleckagestrom K2 mit dem ersten Kraftstoffleckagestrom K1 vereint. Dabei treten die Kraftstoffleckageströme nur dann auf, wenn der Druck im ersten Steuerraum 75 kleiner dem Druck in der Hochdruckleitung 25 ist.The
Wird der Leckagestift 110 durch eine Längenvergrößerung des Piezoaktors 50 nach unten in Richtung der Düsennadel 155 verschoben, so betätigt dieser den Steuerkolben 65 und drückt den Steuerkolben 65 ebenso in Richtung der Düsennadel 155. Dadurch wird das Volumen des ersten Steuerraums 75 vergrößert, wodurch sich der Druck reduziert, wobei zum Druckausgleich Kraftstoff aus dem zweiten Steuerraum 160 über die erste Verbindungsbohrung 165 nachströmt und somit in dem zweiten Steuerraum 160 der dort vorherrschende Druck abfällt. Ferner strömen auch der erste und der zweite Kraftstoffleckagestrom K1, K2 in den ersten Steuerraum 75. Durch den Druckabfall im zweiten Steuerraum 160 nimmt eine Kraft zum Anpressen der Düsennadel 155 gegen die Auslassöffnung 166 ab, sodass die Düsennadel 155 durch den in der Düsennadelbohrung 145 vorherrschenden Druck unterseitig im Bereich der Düsennadelspitze 190 angehoben wird und die Düsennadelfeder 175 gestaucht wird. Durch das Anheben strömt aus der Düsennadelbohrung 145 über die Auslassöffnung 195 Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.If the
Um die Auslassöffnung 195 bzw. das Ausströmen von Kraftstoff durch die Auslassöffnung 195 zu unterbinden, wird der Piezoaktor 50 derart elektrisch angesteuert, dass dieser sich wieder in seinen Ursprungszustand verkürzt. Die Steuerkolbenfeder 85 drückt den Steuerkolben 65 in Richtung des Aktorraums 45, wobei der Leckagestift 110 ebenso in Richtung des Aktorraums 45 gedrückt wird. Der Leckagestift 110 folgt dabei der axialen Verkürzung des Piezoaktors 50. Dabei wird das Volumen des ersten Steuerraums 75 verkleinert und der darin befindliche Kraftstoff über die erste Verbindungsbohrung 165 in den zweiten Steuerraum 160 gedrückt. Ferner fließt ein Teil des Kraftstoffs über einen dritten Kraftstoffleckagestrom K3 in den Aktorraum 45 ab. Der Druckanstieg bewirkt, dass der Druck durch den im zweiten Steuerraum 160 befindlichen Kraftstoff und die Kraft der Düsennadelfeder 175 größer ist, als die durch den unter Druck stehenden Kraftstoff in der Düsennadelbohrung 145 zum Anheben der Düsennadel 155, so dass die Düsennadel 155 wieder nach unten gedrückt wird, so dass die Düsennadelspitze 190 die Auslassöffnung 166 im Injektorgehäuse 15 schließt.In order to prevent the
Ferner ist eine Zuführleitung 225 zwischen der Leckagestiftbohrung 105 und der Hochdruckleitung 75 in der Zwischenplatte 125 vorgesehen. Die Zuführleitung 225 ist in den
Im Falle eines geschlossenen Injektors 10 herrscht an einer Vereinigung von der Leckagestiftbohrung 105 mit der Zuführleitung 225 ebenso wie im ersten Steuerraum 75 Raildruck vor, so dass ein Zustrom von Kraftstoff, bezeichnet als Kraftstoffleckagestrom K3, in den ersten Steuerraum 75 über die Zuführleitung 225 gleich null ist. Die gesamte Kraftstoffmenge, welche in diesem Zustand in der Zuführleitung 225 strömt, fließt im Spalt zwischen Leckagestiftbohrung 105 und Leckagestift 110 als Kraftstoffleckagestrom K4 in den Niederdruckbereich 52 ab. Da die Leckagestrombilanzbedingung, dass der zufließende Kraftstoffleckagestrom gleich dem abfließenden Kraftstoffleckagestrom ist, für den ersten und zweiten Steuerraum 75, 160 erfüllt sein muss, bedeutet dies, dass auch die Summe aus Kraftstoffleckagestrom K1 und Kraftstoffleckagestrom K2 gleich null sein muss. Dadurch ist es möglich, das zweite Führungsspiel 205 und das Kolbenspiel 215 auf minimales Führungsspiel auszulegen, so dass ein Verklemmen während eines Betriebes des Injektors 10 vermieden wird. Ebenso kann eine Forderung an Mindestführungsspiel in dem Kolbenspiel 215 bzw. dem zweiten Führungsspiel 205 zur Gewährleistung von Mindestleckageströmen vermieden werden.In the case of a
Im Falle eines geöffneten Injektors 10 herrscht im ersten und zweiten Steuerraum 75, 160 ein Druck, der kleiner ist als der Raildruck. Dieses Druckgefälle führt dazu, dass alle drei Kraftstoffleckageströme K1, K2 und K3 in den ersten und zweiten Steuerraum 75, 160 eintreten. Durch das Vorsehen der Zuführleitung 225 kann auch für diesen Zustand des Injektors 10 das erste und zweite Führungsspiel 121 und 205 sowie das Kolbenspiel 215 auf minimal mögliches Spiel ausgelegt werden, um ein Klemmen zu verhindern. Ferner kann vermieden werden, dass das erste und zweite Führungsspiel 121 und 205 sowie das Kolbenspiel 215 hinsichtlich jeweils eines durch das erste bzw. zweite Führungsspiel 121 und 205 bzw. Kolbenspiel 215 an einen Mindestleckagestrom anzupassen sind. Dadurch kann die Auslegung des Injektors 10 vereinfacht werden.In the case of an opened
Die Zwischenplatte 125 umfasst zusätzlich zu der in den
In der Ausführungsform ist die Zuführleitung 260 im oberen Zwischenplattenteil 245 angeordnet. Selbstverständlich kann die Zuführleitung 260 auch im unteren zweiten Zwischenplattenteil 250 oder in beiden Zwischenplattenteilen 245, 250 angeordnet sein. Selbstverständlich kann die Zuführleitung 260 auch aus mehreren nebeneinander verlaufenden Zuführleitungsteilen bestehen.In the embodiment, the
Die oben genannten Ausführungsformen des Injektors 10, 230, 240, 265 haben ferner den Vorteil, dass das zweite Führungsspiel 205 bzw. das Kolbenspiel 215 unabhängig zum ersten Führungsspiel 121 zwischen dem Leckagestift 110 und der Leckagestiftbohrung 105 gewählt werden können. Dadurch können die Führungsspiele 121, 205 bzw. das Kolbenspiel 215 jeweils optimal an die jeweilige Aufgabe der Komponente, beispielsweise Steuerkolbens 65 oder der Düsennadelhülse 150, angepasst werden. Ferner ist möglich, das zweite Führungsspiel 205 und/oder das Kolbenspiel 215 gegenüber dem in Stand der Technik bekannten Injektoren deutlich reduziert wird, so dass die Steifigkeit des Steuerkolbens 65 in der Steuerkolbenbohrung 60 erhöht wird und gleichzeitig eine Todzeit des Injektors reduziert wird. Ferner wird die Robustheit des Injektors 10, 230, 240, 265 erhöht, sodass der Injektor 10, 230, 240, 265 eine höhere Lebensdauer aufweist, da der Verschleiß am Leckagestift 111 nahezu keine Auswirkung auf das Verhalten des Steuerkolbens 65 bzw. der Ansteuerung der Düsennadel 155 hat. Durch die enger gewählten Führungsspiele 205, 121 und/oder das reduzierte Kolbenspiel 210 wird die Leckage innerhalb des Injektors 10, 230, 240, 265 reduziert. Dies hat weiterhin zur Folge, dass Partikel, die beispielsweise innerhalb des Kraftstoffs trotz Kraftstofffilter in den Injektor eingebracht wurden oder Partikel aus einem Verschleiß der Hochdruckpumpe oder des Injektors 10, 230, 240, 265, deutlich weniger in das Führungsspiele 205, 121 und/oder in das Kolbenspiel 210 eingeschleust werden und dort weiteren Verschleiß verursachen können.
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch das bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen. So kann beispielsweise die Drossel 235, 265 auch angrenzend an die Hochdruckleitung 25 angeordnet werden.The above-mentioned embodiments of the
Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the
- 1010
- Injektorinjector
- 1111
- oberer Bereichupper area
- 1515
- Injektorgehäuseinjector
- 2020
- Längsachselongitudinal axis
- 2525
- HochdruckleitungHigh-pressure line
- 3030
- HochdruckanschlussHigh pressure port
- 4040
- Leckageanschlussleakage connection
- 4545
- Aktorraumactuator chamber
- 5050
- Piezoaktorpiezo actuator
- 5151
- Leckageverbindungleakage connection
- 5252
- NiederdruckbereichLow pressure area
- 5454
- elektrischer Anschlusselectrical connection
- 5555
- unterer Bereichlower area
- 6060
- SteuerkolbenbohrungSpool bore
- 6565
- Steuerkolbenspool
- 7070
- erste Stirnseitefirst end face
- 7575
- erster Steuerraumfirst control room
- 9595
- zweite Stirnseitesecond end face
- 8080
- Federraumspring chamber
- 8585
- SteuerkolbenfederControl piston spring
- 9090
- erstes Längsendefirst longitudinal end
- 100100
- zweites Längsendesecond longitudinal end
- 104104
- untere Stirnseitelower front side
- 105105
- LeckagestiftbohrungLeakage pin hole
- 110110
- Leckagestiftleakage pin
- 115115
- dritte Stirnseitethird front side
- 120120
- vierte Stirnseitefourth end face
- 121121
- erstes Führungsspielfirst leadership game
- 125125
- Zwischenplatteintermediate plate
- 130130
- Steuerplattecontrol plate
- 135135
- Anschlussplatteconnecting plate
- 140140
- DüsennadelgehäuseNozzle needle housing
- 145145
- DüsennadelbohrungNozzle needle hole
- 150150
- DüsennadelhülseNozzle needle sleeve
- 155155
- Düsenadelnozzle needle
- 160160
- zweiter Steuerraumsecond control room
- 165165
- erste Verbindungsbohrungfirst connection hole
- 195195
- Auslassöffnungoutlet
- 170170
- Kragencollar
- 175175
- Düsenfedernozzle spring
- 180180
- erstes Längsendefirst longitudinal end
- 185185
- zweites Längsendesecond longitudinal end
- 186186
- Ringring
- 190190
- DüsennadelspitzeNozzle needle tip
- 200200
- HochdruckbereichHigh pressure area
- 205205
- zweites Führungsspielsecond leadership game
- 210210
- zweite Verbindungsbohrungsecond connection hole
- 215215
- Kolbenspielpiston clearance
- 225225
- Zuführleitungfeed
- 235235
- Drosselthrottle
- 240240
- Injektorinjector
- 245245
- erstes Zwischenplattenteilfirst intermediate plate part
- 250250
- zweites Zwischenplattenteilsecond intermediate plate part
- 255255
- Stirnseitefront
- 260260
- Zuführleitungfeed
- 265265
- Drosselthrottle
- K1 K 1
- erster Kraftstoffleckagestromfirst fuel leakage stream
- K2 K 2
- zweiter Kraftstoffleckagestromsecond fuel leakage stream
- K3 K 3
- dritter Kraftstoffleckagestromthird fuel leakage current
- K4 K 4
- dritter Kraftstoffleckagestromthird fuel leakage current
Claims (10)
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) having an injector housing (15), an actuator (50) and a nozzle needle (155),- wherein the actuator (50) is arranged in an actuator space (45) of the injector housing (15),- wherein the injector housing (15) comprises a control piston bore (60) in which a control piston (65) is arranged,- wherein a leakage pin bore (105) is provided between the actuator space (45) and the control piston bore (60), in which leakage pin bore (105) a leakage pin (110), which couples the control piston (65) to the actuator (50), is arranged,- wherein the control piston (65) is hydraulically operatively connected in order to open or close an outlet opening (195) of the injector housing (15) by means of the nozzle needle (155),- wherein a high pressure line (25) is provided which is configured to convey a fuel under pressure to the nozzle needle (155),wherein a feedline (225; 260) is provided in the injector housing (15) and connects the leakage pin bore (105) to the high pressure line (25),
characterized in that- a restrictor (235, 265) is provided in the feedline (225; 260),- the restrictor has a first cross-sectional area, and a gap between the leakage pin (110) and the leakage pin bore (105) has an annular face with a second cross-sectional area in a plane transverse with respect to a longitudinal axis (20) of the injector (10; 230; 240; 265), wherein the first cross-sectional area is of the same size as the second cross-sectional area. - Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to Claim 1, characterized in that- the control piston (65) forms, together with the control piston bore (60), a first control space (75) on a first end side (70) facing the leakage pin (110),- wherein a second control space (160) is provided on the end side of the nozzle needle (155),- wherein the first control space (75) is connected to the second control space (160) via a connection bore (165) in order to control a stroke movement of the nozzle needle (155).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a nozzle needle sleeve (150) is provided, wherein the nozzle needle sleeve (150) and the nozzle needle (155) form first guide play (205), by means of which a first fuel leakage flow (K1) is able to pass through to the second control space (160).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control piston (65) and the control piston bore (60) form piston play (210), by means of which a second fuel leakage flow (K2) is able to pass through into the first control space (75), wherein second guide play (121), by means of which a third fuel leakage flow (K3) is able to pass through into the actuator space, is provided between the leakage pin (110) and the leakage pin bore (105).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an intermediate plate (125), in which the feedline (225; 260) and the leakage pin bore (105) are arranged, is provided between the actuator space (45) and the control piston bore (60).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate plate (125) comprises at least a first and a second intermediate plate part (245, 250), wherein the feedline (225; 260) is arranged in a groove shape in at least the first intermediate plate part (245) and is closed off by the second intermediate plate part (250).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the feedline (225; 260) is arranged essentially perpendicularly with respect to the high pressure line (25) and/or the leakage pin bore (105).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the feedline (225; 260) is arranged essentially obliquely with respect to the high pressure line (25) and/or the leakage pin bore (105), wherein the feedline (225; 260) opens into an upper or lower region of the high pressure line (25).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the restrictor (235, 265) is arranged adjacent to the leakage pin bore (105) in the feedline (225; 260).
- Injector (10; 230; 240; 265) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuator (50) is embodied as a piezo-actuator (50).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012220610.8A DE102012220610B4 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | injector |
PCT/EP2013/073297 WO2014075988A1 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2013-11-07 | Injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2920452A1 EP2920452A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
EP2920452B1 true EP2920452B1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
Family
ID=49552368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13788759.2A Active EP2920452B1 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2013-11-07 | Injector |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10662913B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2920452B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104838129B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012220610B4 (en) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN02087A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014075988A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012220610B4 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-04-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | injector |
GB2573522B (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-08-19 | Delphi Tech Ip Ltd | Method of identifying faults in the operation of hydraulic fuel injectors having accelerometers |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009002554A1 (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2010-01-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector for use in common rail injection system of internal combustion engine of motor vehicle, has borehole for connection of sealing gap with compression chamber, where guide piece is partially/completely arranged in chamber |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19605277B4 (en) | 1995-02-15 | 2004-06-03 | Nippon Soken, Inc., Nishio | Solenoid operated hydraulic control valve for use in an internal combustion engine fuel injection system |
JP2001140726A (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2001-05-22 | Denso Corp | Valve device and fuel injector using it |
JP4048699B2 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2008-02-20 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection valve |
ITBO20030678A1 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2005-05-15 | Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa | FUEL INJECTOR WITH HYDRAULIC IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PIN |
DE102004017303A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | injection |
RU2438035C2 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2011-12-27 | Ганзер-Хюдромаг Аг | Injection fuel valve for internal combustion engine (versions) |
JP4683035B2 (en) | 2007-11-13 | 2011-05-11 | 株式会社デンソー | Injector |
DE102008032133B4 (en) | 2008-07-08 | 2015-08-20 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Fuel injector |
JP5263135B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2013-08-14 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection valve |
DE102010021169B4 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2012-03-08 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for determining the actual start of injection of a piezo fuel injector |
US8448878B2 (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2013-05-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector with needle control system that includes F, A, Z and E orifices |
DK2503138T3 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2013-06-03 | Omt Ohg Torino S P A | Electrically controlled fuel injection device for large diesel engines |
DE102012220610B4 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-04-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | injector |
-
2012
- 2012-11-13 DE DE102012220610.8A patent/DE102012220610B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-11-07 CN CN201380059352.8A patent/CN104838129B/en active Active
- 2013-11-07 WO PCT/EP2013/073297 patent/WO2014075988A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-11-07 US US14/442,471 patent/US10662913B2/en active Active
- 2013-11-07 IN IN2087DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN02087A/en unknown
- 2013-11-07 EP EP13788759.2A patent/EP2920452B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009002554A1 (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2010-01-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector for use in common rail injection system of internal combustion engine of motor vehicle, has borehole for connection of sealing gap with compression chamber, where guide piece is partially/completely arranged in chamber |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102012220610B4 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
WO2014075988A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
CN104838129B (en) | 2017-08-08 |
EP2920452A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
CN104838129A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
US10662913B2 (en) | 2020-05-26 |
US20160319785A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
DE102012220610A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
IN2015DN02087A (en) | 2015-08-14 |
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