EP2912647B1 - Pcmcia card for transferring flight data - Google Patents

Pcmcia card for transferring flight data Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2912647B1
EP2912647B1 EP13779892.2A EP13779892A EP2912647B1 EP 2912647 B1 EP2912647 B1 EP 2912647B1 EP 13779892 A EP13779892 A EP 13779892A EP 2912647 B1 EP2912647 B1 EP 2912647B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pcmcia card
acms
flight data
communication unit
data
Prior art date
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EP13779892.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2912647A1 (en
Inventor
Sonia Schindler
Denis DELVILLE
Patrick Valette
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Safran Electronics and Defense SAS
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Safran Electronics and Defense SAS
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Publication of EP2912647A1 publication Critical patent/EP2912647A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/008—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles communicating information to a remotely located station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/0004—Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft
    • G08G5/0013—Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft with a ground station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers
    • G07C5/0858—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers wherein the data carrier is removable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/0017—Arrangements for implementing traffic-related aircraft activities, e.g. arrangements for generating, displaying, acquiring or managing traffic information
    • G08G5/0021—Arrangements for implementing traffic-related aircraft activities, e.g. arrangements for generating, displaying, acquiring or managing traffic information located in the aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to Aircraft Condition Monitoring Systems (ACMS) and more particularly to the transmission of flight data from such a system for their analysis. .
  • ACMS Aircraft Condition Monitoring Systems
  • ACMS systems are used to record and monitor flight data and information from aircraft systems and equipment. Necessary for flight reports for aviation security officials, these data can also be analyzed to improve aircraft performance and maximize lifetimes. This flight data must be analyzed regularly for regulatory and maintenance reasons.
  • An ACMS system is conventionally interfaced with other equipment embedded in the aircraft.
  • An ACMS system acquires data during the flight from several devices, for example sensors, arranged in the aircraft, but also from the onboard computers.
  • the recorded data is transmitted to a Flight Data Recorder (FDR) which stores the data.
  • FDR Flight Data Recorder
  • the ACMS system also stores in its mass memory a copy (either strictly identical or modified, that is to say, data having undergone preliminary processing) of the data of this recording.
  • the ACMS system also makes it possible to generate ACMS reports, for example at takeoff or during the cruise phase. These reports are set according to the demands and needs of aircraft manufacturers.
  • PCMCIA Personai Computer Memory Card International Association
  • WO 2005/101283 and WO 2005/101284 each describe a system and method for interfacing a wireless network to an ACMS system to offload remote flight data.
  • the invention fits in this context and proposes an improvement of such a system.
  • the invention proposes a PCMCI card according to claim 1.
  • the PCMCIA card of the invention easily integrates into an avionic box positioned in an aircraft and does not require additional antenna (s) and installation (s), the PCMCIA card including all these functions.
  • This PCMCIA card includes, in addition to a memory for storing the ACMS records and reports, a wireless network interface to enable connection of the ACMS system to a wireless network (IEEE 802.11 or cellular WiFi type (2G, 3G or 4G) according to the availability of the selected operator) and thus enable remote retrieval of ACMS records and reports automatically and without human intervention, so that ACMS records and reports are automatically transmitted securely to a dedicated ground station and can be analyzes.
  • a wireless network IEEE 802.11 or cellular WiFi type (2G, 3G or 4G) according to the availability of the selected operator
  • a flight data unloading system comprises a device 10 embedded in an aircraft and a ground station 20.
  • the ground station 20 is connected to an application / ground service station GSA 21 (in English, " Ground Service Application ”) itself connected to a wireless network 30 to access the device embedded in the aircraft.
  • GSA 21 in English, " Ground Service Application ”
  • the ground station 20 may comprise a supporting ground equipment 22 (in English, "Ground Support Equipment” (GSE)) and a 23 AGS analysis station (in English, "Analysis Ground Station” (AGS)).
  • GSE Global Support Equipment
  • AGS Analysis Ground Station
  • the GSA station 21 makes it possible to receive flight data from the device 10 on board the aircraft and to transmit them to the GSE equipment 22 at the AGS station 23.
  • the equipment GSE 22 makes it possible to control the flight data unloading system and the analysis station AGS 23 makes it possible to analyze the flight data.
  • this means makes it possible to communicate with any other equipment relating to the various areas of maintenance of the aircraft such as embedded systems, engines, trains, performances, ....
  • the wireless network 30 may be a cellular network of the GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA + or mobile type with a dedicated architecture of the WiFi type IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16. These means of communication are not exclusive, other protocols and frequency band can be used, depending on developments in the market of public communications. For this purpose, the system is designed to automatically detect the available wireless network with the best rate.
  • the device embedded in the aircraft comprises an ACMS system 11.
  • the ACMS system allows the acquisition of flight data from several sensors arranged in the aircraft.
  • the ACMS system is used to generate ACMS records and reports.
  • the acquired flight data are transmitted to a FDR flight data recorder 12 and can be transmitted to a surveillance system 13 (in English, " Aircraft Communication and Reporting System “ (ACARS)).
  • ACARS Aircraft Communication and Reporting System
  • the flight data can be transmitted to the pilot and / or maintenance personnel to deliver information during the flight and / or in the maintenance phase via a display system 14 (in English, " Multifunction Condition and Display Unit", (MCDU)) located in the cockpit of the aircraft.
  • MCDU Multifunction Condition and Display Unit
  • the ACMS system 11 is connected to the wireless network 30 via a connected PCMCIA card 15. to a PCMCIA port (not shown) of the ACMS system 11.
  • PCMCIA interface is an example, but other interface, such as USB, PCI, PCI express, or other, could be used.
  • the PCMCIA card includes an interface (not shown) adapted to connect the PCMCIA card to the ACMS system 11, the interface can be a PCMCIA interface, USB, PCI, PCI express.
  • the PCMCIA card includes a storage unit 151 for storing flight data records as well as ACMS reports.
  • the PCMCIA card comprises a communication unit 152 comprising all the functionalities to ensure a wireless connection with the wireless network (antenna, power control, etc.).
  • the PCMCIA card includes a control unit 153 programmed to allow or prohibit a wireless connection being established by the communication unit 152. In other words, under certain conditions, the control unit 153 makes it possible to inhibit the transmitter of the communication unit 152.
  • control unit 153 receives at least one flight data from the ACMS system. It is necessary, for security reasons, to confirm by several information the authorization of transmission.
  • the communication unit 152 includes a processor programmed to manage the transfer of the flight data. Such management is the recovery of the flight data of the storage unit and a triggering of the transfer.
  • the PCMCIA card is used to transfer flight data after an ACMS report is generated.
  • Such an ACMS report is generated after at least one predetermined condition is verified.
  • the ACMS report is generated after the aircraft has landed.
  • conditions to be verified may be: the opening of the doors of the aircraft, a zero speed of the aircraft, a zero fuel flow, etc. All these conditions are configurable.
  • This ACMS report includes among other things a certain number of information: the location of the aircraft, the date, the flight number, the serial number of the aircraft. This information is configurable.
  • the ACMS report makes it possible to know a set of information at each landing of the aircraft.
  • this ACMS report is stored in the storage unit 151.
  • the storage unit 151 also includes a set of configuration data. This configuration data makes it possible to define a flight data transfer policy as well as parameters for the actual transfer of the flight data.
  • this generated report the communication unit detects the generation of this ACMS report. Such detection is followed by a comparison of the information contained in the ACMS report with the configuration data.
  • the result of the comparison is mainly a decision on the automatic triggering of the transfer of flight data to the ground station.
  • a comparison is for example, if at least one piece of information in the ACMS report is identical to a configuration data item (for example the aircraft is in an airport in which the data must be unloaded) the processor of the communication unit will unload automatically flight data in accordance with the configuration data.
  • a configuration data item for example the aircraft is in an airport in which the data must be unloaded
  • Another comparison may be to compare an inclusive (“logical AND”) or exclusive (“logical OR”) combination of ACMS report information against the configuration data.
  • the processor will initialize the unloading of the flight data based on configuration data: choice of wireless network, compression ratio etc.
  • the communication unit 152 can receive, via the wireless network 30, a request to trigger the transfer of the flight data.
  • This request makes it possible to trigger the transfer of the flight data independently of the automatic unloading and may comprise transfer initialization data, for example to recover a certain type of data even if it is not provided in the configuration data stored in the data store. the storage unit.
  • Triggering offloading on request ensures that flight data can be retrieved. It overcomes, for example, a human error in the creation of the configuration data. It allows more recovery Exceptional passing comparison of ACMS reports and configuration data previously described.
  • Such a request can be, in the case of a cellular network, an SMS parameterized under certain conditions.
  • the unloading of the flight data is only possible if the communication control unit has not inhibited the transmitter of the communication unit.
  • the PCMCIA card comprises a unit 154 for managing the access to the storage unit 151, on the one hand by the processor of the communication unit 152 and on the other hand the ACMS system through the PCMCIA controller 155.
  • the PCMCIA card includes a PCMCIA controller 155 for interfacing the ACMS system with the components of the PCMCIA card.
  • the management unit 154 is connected to the ACMS system via the controller 155 PCMCIA.
  • the connection between the management unit 154 and the PCMCIA controller 155 is effected by means of a standard "ATA" connection bus (" Advanced Technology Attachment” ).
  • ATA is also known as” IDE “for” Integrated Drive Electronics .
  • It is also an ATA bus that connects the storage unit 151 to the management unit 154 on the one hand and to the unit 152 of communication on the other hand.
  • the accesses to the storage unit 151 comply with the ATA standard.
  • the unit 151 for managing the access to the storage unit 151 makes it possible to manage the access conflicts between the ACMS system and the processor of the communication unit 152.
  • the access management unit 154 makes it possible to parallelize the reading and the writing of the storage unit 151. Indeed, the access management unit 154 will allow both the communication unit 152 to read the data present in the storage unit 151 without disturbing the writes by the ACMS system, writing that arrives via the PCMCIA controller 155.
  • the access management unit 154 will issue and will sequence both commands, giving priority to the PCMCIA 155 controller.
  • the management unit performs a context restoration of the ATA registers in the storage unit.
  • ATA registers are saved and restored each time the master switches over to the storage unit, the master alternately evening the processor of the communication unit 152 or the ACMS system through the PCMCIA controller 155.
  • registers are as follows (from the ATA standard): Feature, Sector Count, Sector Number, Cylinder Low, High Cylinder, Drive / Head, Command and Device Control.
  • registers correspond to the address, type of access (read / write), that the ACMS system through the PCMCIA controller 155 or the processor of the communication unit 152 wishes to do on the storage unit.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE GENERALGENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD

L'invention concerne les systèmes d'aides à la maintenance d'aéronef (en anglais, « Aircraft Condition Monitoring Systems », (ACMS)) et plus particulièrement la transmission de données de vol issues d'un tel système en vue de leur analyse.The invention relates to Aircraft Condition Monitoring Systems (ACMS) and more particularly to the transmission of flight data from such a system for their analysis. .

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUESTATE OF THE ART

Les systèmes ACMS permettent d'enregistrer et surveiller les données de vol et informations en provenance des systèmes et des équipements des aéronefs. Nécessaires pour établir les rapports de vol destinés aux responsables de la sécurité aérienne, ces données peuvent aussi être analysées pour améliorer la performance des avions et optimiser leurs durées de vie. Ces données de vol doivent être analysées régulièrement pour des raisons réglementaires et de maintenance.ACMS systems are used to record and monitor flight data and information from aircraft systems and equipment. Necessary for flight reports for aviation security officials, these data can also be analyzed to improve aircraft performance and maximize lifetimes. This flight data must be analyzed regularly for regulatory and maintenance reasons.

Un système ACMS est, de manière classique, interfacé avec d'autres équipements embarqués dans l'aéronef.An ACMS system is conventionally interfaced with other equipment embedded in the aircraft.

Un système ACMS acquiert des données pendant le vol provenant de plusieurs dispositifs, par exemple des capteurs, disposés dans l'aéronef, mais aussi provenant des calculateurs embarqués. Les données enregistrées sont transmises à un enregistreur de données de vol (en anglais, « Flight Data Recorder», (FDR)) qui stocke les données. En parallèle le système ACMS stocke aussi dans sa mémoire de masse une copie (soit strictement identique, soit modifiée c'est-à-dire des données ayant subies des traitements préliminaires) des données de cette enregistrement. Le système ACMS permet en outre de générer des rapports ACMS, par exemple au décollage ou pendant la phase de croisière. Ces rapports sont paramétrés en fonction des demandes et besoins des avionneurs.An ACMS system acquires data during the flight from several devices, for example sensors, arranged in the aircraft, but also from the onboard computers. The recorded data is transmitted to a Flight Data Recorder (FDR) which stores the data. In parallel, the ACMS system also stores in its mass memory a copy (either strictly identical or modified, that is to say, data having undergone preliminary processing) of the data of this recording. The ACMS system also makes it possible to generate ACMS reports, for example at takeoff or during the cruise phase. These reports are set according to the demands and needs of aircraft manufacturers.

Ce sont ces enregistrements et ces rapports ACMS qui doivent être récupérés et analysés de manière régulière, conformément à la législation.It is these ACMS records and reports that must be retrieved and analyzed on a regular basis, in accordance with the legislation.

Pour récupérer ces enregistrement et ces rapports ACMS, une carte PCMCIA (en anglais, « Personai Computer Memory Card International Association ») est connectée au système ACMS. Elle est utilisée comme une mémoire de masse extractible. Jusqu'à présent cette carte PCMCIA ne réalise que le stockage de ces enregistrements et rapports. Il est nécessaire qu'un opérateur monte à bord de l'Aéronef régulièrement pour échanger cette carte et donc récupérer les données.To retrieve these records and ACMS reports, a PCMCIA ( Personai Computer Memory Card International Association ) card is connected to the ACMS system. It is used as an extractable mass memory. So far this PCMCIA card only realizes the storage of these records and reports. It is necessary that an operator board the aircraft regularly to exchange this card and thus recover the data.

Les documents WO 2005/101283 et WO 2005/101284 décrivent chacun un système et un procédé pour interfacer un réseau sans fil à un système ACMS afin de décharger des données de vol à distance.The documents WO 2005/101283 and WO 2005/101284 each describe a system and method for interfacing a wireless network to an ACMS system to offload remote flight data.

L'invention s'inscrit dans ce contexte et propose une amélioration d'un tel système.The invention fits in this context and proposes an improvement of such a system.

PRESENTATION DE L'INVENTIONPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

A cet effet, l'invention propose une carte PCMCI conforme à la revendication 1.For this purpose, the invention proposes a PCMCI card according to claim 1.

L'invention est avantageusement complétée par les caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en une quelconque de leur combinaison techniquement possible :

  • l'unité de communication déclenche automatiquement le transfert des données de vol dès lors qu'au moins une information du rapport ACMS est identique à une donnée de configuration ;
  • l'unité de communication déclenche automatiquement le transfert des données de vol dès lors qu'une combinaison inclusive ou exclusive d'informations dudit rapport ACMS est identique à une combinaison de données de configuration ;
  • la carte PCMCIA comprend en outre une unité de gestion de l'accès à l'unité de stockage de la carte PCMCIA par le processeur de l'unité de communication d'une part et le système ACMS d'autre part ;
  • l'accès à l'unité de stockage est configuré selon la norme ATA et dans laquelle à chaque permutation de l'accès à l'unité de stockage, l'unité de gestion procède à une restitution de contexte des registres ATA dans l'unité de stockage ;
  • les données de configuration sont : une liste de réseaux sans fil possibles et/ou une liste d'aéroports possibles et/ou une liste de données de vol à transférer et/ou un taux de compression à appliquer aux données de vol et/ou un type de cryptage à appliquer aux données de vol et/ou une activation de l'itinérance ;
  • les données de vol sont effacées de l'unité de stockage après leur transfert automatique ;
  • le réseau sans fil est un réseau cellulaire ou bien mobile à architecture dédiée du type WiFi IEEE 802.11 ou IEEE 802.16 ;
  • le réseau sans fil est un réseau cellulaire et dans laquelle en alternative du transfert automatique à la fin du vol il est possible de déclencher un transfert par la réception d'un message SMS ou équivalent ;
  • l'unité de contrôle de la communication est adaptée pour recevoir du système ACMS au moins une donnée de vol afin de déterminer si le transmetteur de l'unité de communication doit être inhibé ;
  • elle comprend une interface adaptée pour connecter ladite carte PCMCIA à un système ACMS d'un aéronef, l'interface étant une interface PCMCIA, USB, PCI, PCI express.
The invention is advantageously completed by the following features, taken alone or in any of their technically possible combination:
  • the communication unit automatically triggers the transfer of the flight data as soon as at least one piece of information in the ACMS report is identical to a configuration data item;
  • the communication unit automatically initiates the transfer of flight data whenever an inclusive or exclusive combination of information of said ACMS report is identical to a combination of configuration data;
  • the PCMCIA card further comprises a unit for managing access to the storage unit of the PCMCIA card by the processor of the communication unit on the one hand and the ACMS system on the other hand;
  • the access to the storage unit is configured according to the ATA standard and in which at each exchange of access to the storage unit, the management unit performs a context restoration of the ATA registers in the unit storage;
  • the configuration data are: a list of possible wireless networks and / or a list of possible airports and / or a list of flight data to be transferred and / or a compression ratio to be applied to the flight data and / or a type of encryption to be applied to flight data and / or activation of roaming;
  • the flight data are erased from the storage unit after their automatic transfer;
  • the wireless network is a cellular or mobile network with a dedicated architecture of WiFi type IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16;
  • the wireless network is a cellular network and in which as an alternative to the automatic transfer at the end of the flight it is possible to trigger a transfer by receiving an SMS message or equivalent;
  • the communication control unit is adapted to receive at least one flight data from the ACMS system in order to determine whether the transmitter of the communication unit is to be inhibited;
  • it comprises an interface adapted to connect said PCMCIA card to an ACMS system of an aircraft, the interface being a PCMCIA, USB, PCI, PCI Express interface.

La carte PCMCIA de l'invention s'intègre facilement dans un boitier avionique positionné dans un aéronef et ne nécessite pas d'antenne(s) et d'installation(s) supplémentaires, la carte PCMCIA comprenant toutes ces fonctions.The PCMCIA card of the invention easily integrates into an avionic box positioned in an aircraft and does not require additional antenna (s) and installation (s), the PCMCIA card including all these functions.

Cette carte PCMCIA comprend, outre une mémoire pour stocker les enregistrements et les rapports ACMS, une interface réseau sans fil pour permettre une connexion du système ACMS à un réseau sans fil (de type WiFi IEEE 802.11 ou cellulaire (2G, 3G ou 4G selon la disponibilité de l'opérateur choisi) et ainsi permettre la récupération des enregistrements et des rapports ACMS à distance de façon automatique et sans intervention humaine. Ainsi, les enregistrements et les rapports ACMS sont transmis automatiquement de façon sécurisée à une station sol dédiée et peuvent être analysés.This PCMCIA card includes, in addition to a memory for storing the ACMS records and reports, a wireless network interface to enable connection of the ACMS system to a wireless network (IEEE 802.11 or cellular WiFi type (2G, 3G or 4G) according to the availability of the selected operator) and thus enable remote retrieval of ACMS records and reports automatically and without human intervention, so that ACMS records and reports are automatically transmitted securely to a dedicated ground station and can be analyzes.

PRESENTATION DES FIGURESPRESENTATION OF FIGURES

D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui suit, qui est purement illustrative et non limitative, et qui doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 illustre un système de déchargement de données de vol conforme à un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 illustre une carte PCMCIA conforme à un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, which is purely illustrative and nonlimiting, and which should be read with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 illustrates a flight data unloading system according to an embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 illustrates a PCMCIA card according to one embodiment of the invention;

Sur l'ensemble des figures, les éléments similaires portent des références numériques identiques.In all the figures, similar elements bear identical reference numerals.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

En relation avec la figure 1, un système de déchargement de données de vol comprend un dispositif 10 embarqué dans un aéronef et une station sol 20.In relation to the figure 1 , a flight data unloading system comprises a device 10 embedded in an aircraft and a ground station 20.

La station sol 20 est connectée à une station d'application/service sol GSA 21 (en anglais, « Ground Service Application ») elle-même connectée à un réseau sans fil 30 pour accéder au dispositif embarqué dans l'aéronef.The ground station 20 is connected to an application / ground service station GSA 21 (in English, " Ground Service Application ") itself connected to a wireless network 30 to access the device embedded in the aircraft.

La station sol 20 peut comporter un équipement de support au sol 22 (en anglais, « Ground Support Equipment », (GSE)) et une station d'analyse 23 AGS (en anglais, « Analysis Ground Station », (AGS)).The ground station 20 may comprise a supporting ground equipment 22 (in English, "Ground Support Equipment" (GSE)) and a 23 AGS analysis station (in English, "Analysis Ground Station" (AGS)).

La station GSA 21 permet de recevoir des données de vol du dispositif 10 embarqué dans l'aéronef et de les transmettre à l'équipement GSE 22, à la station AGS 23.The GSA station 21 makes it possible to receive flight data from the device 10 on board the aircraft and to transmit them to the GSE equipment 22 at the AGS station 23.

L'équipement GSE 22 permet de contrôler le système de déchargement de données de vol et la station d'analyse AGS 23 permet d'analyser les données de vol.The equipment GSE 22 makes it possible to control the flight data unloading system and the analysis station AGS 23 makes it possible to analyze the flight data.

Par son caractère générique, ce moyen permet de communiquer avec tout autre équipement relatif aux divers domaines de maintenance de l'aéronef tels que systèmes embarqués, moteurs, trains, performances, ....By its generic nature, this means makes it possible to communicate with any other equipment relating to the various areas of maintenance of the aircraft such as embedded systems, engines, trains, performances, ....

Le réseau sans fil 30 peut être un réseau cellulaire du type GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ ou bien mobile à architecture dédiée du type WiFi IEEE 802.11 ou IEEE 802.16. Ces moyens de communication ne sont pas exclusif, d'autres protocoles et bande de fréquences peuvent être utilisés, en fonction des évolutions du marché des communications grand publique. A cet effet, le système est conçu pour détecter automatiquement le réseau sans fil disponible avec le meilleur débit.The wireless network 30 may be a cellular network of the GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA + or mobile type with a dedicated architecture of the WiFi type IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16. These means of communication are not exclusive, other protocols and frequency band can be used, depending on developments in the market of public communications. For this purpose, the system is designed to automatically detect the available wireless network with the best rate.

Le dispositif embarqué dans l'aéronef comprend un système ACMS 11. Le système ACMS permet l'acquisition de données de vol à partir de plusieurs capteurs disposés dans l'aéronef. Le système ACMS permet de générer des enregistrements et des rapports ACMS.The device embedded in the aircraft comprises an ACMS system 11. The ACMS system allows the acquisition of flight data from several sensors arranged in the aircraft. The ACMS system is used to generate ACMS records and reports.

Les données de vol acquises sont transmises à un enregistreur de données de vol 12 FDR et peuvent être transmises à un système de surveillance 13 (en anglais, « Aircraft Communication And Reporting System », (ACARS)).The acquired flight data are transmitted to a FDR flight data recorder 12 and can be transmitted to a surveillance system 13 (in English, " Aircraft Communication and Reporting System " (ACARS)).

En outre, les données de vol peuvent être transmises au pilote et/ou au personnel de maintenance pour délivrer des informations au cours du vol et/ou en phase de maintenance par l'intermédiaire d'un système d'affichage 14 (en anglais, « Multifunction Condition and Display Unit », (MCDU)) situé dans le cockpit de l'aéronef.In addition, the flight data can be transmitted to the pilot and / or maintenance personnel to deliver information during the flight and / or in the maintenance phase via a display system 14 (in English, " Multifunction Condition and Display Unit", (MCDU)) located in the cockpit of the aircraft.

Pour permettre le transfert des données de vol, le système ACMS 11 est connecté au réseau sans fil 30 par l'intermédiaire d'une carte PCMCIA 15 connectée à un port PCMCIA (non représenté) du système ACMS 11. Bien sûr, l'interface PCMCIA est un exemple, mais d'autre interface, tel l'USB, le PCI, le PCI express, ou autre, pourraient être utilisées.To enable the transfer of flight data, the ACMS system 11 is connected to the wireless network 30 via a connected PCMCIA card 15. to a PCMCIA port (not shown) of the ACMS system 11. Of course, the PCMCIA interface is an example, but other interface, such as USB, PCI, PCI express, or other, could be used.

Ainsi, la carte PCMCIA comprend une interface (non représentée) adaptée pour connecter la carte PCMCIA au système ACMS 11, l'interface peut être une interface PCMCIA, USB, PCI, PCI express.Thus, the PCMCIA card includes an interface (not shown) adapted to connect the PCMCIA card to the ACMS system 11, the interface can be a PCMCIA interface, USB, PCI, PCI express.

La carte PCMCIA comprend une unité 151 de stockage pour stocker les enregistrements de données de vol ainsi que des rapports ACMS.The PCMCIA card includes a storage unit 151 for storing flight data records as well as ACMS reports.

La carte PCMCIA comprend une unité 152 de communication comprenant toutes les fonctionnalités pour assurer une connexion sans fil avec le réseau sans fil (antenne, contrôle de puissance, etc.).The PCMCIA card comprises a communication unit 152 comprising all the functionalities to ensure a wireless connection with the wireless network (antenna, power control, etc.).

La carte PCMCIA comprend une unité 153 de contrôle programmée pour autoriser ou interdire qu'une connexion sans fil soit établie par l'unité 152 de communication. En d'autres termes, sous certaines conditions, l'unité 153 de contrôle permet d'inhiber le transmetteur de l'unité 152 de communication.The PCMCIA card includes a control unit 153 programmed to allow or prohibit a wireless connection being established by the communication unit 152. In other words, under certain conditions, the control unit 153 makes it possible to inhibit the transmitter of the communication unit 152.

Une telle interdiction doit par exemple intervenir lorsque l'aéronef est en vol, en roulage, en phase de décollage ou d'atterrissage. En effet, l'établissement d'une connexion dans ces circonstances pourrait avoir pour effet de nuire à des équipements nécessaires au bon fonctionnement de l'aéronef au cours de ces phases.Such a prohibition must for example occur when the aircraft is in flight, taxiing, take-off or landing. Indeed, the establishment of a connection in these circumstances could have the effect of adversely affecting equipment necessary for the proper functioning of the aircraft during these phases.

Pour déterminer si le transmetteur doit être inhibé l'unité 153 de contrôle reçoit au moins une donnée de vol du système ACMS. Il est nécessaire, pour des raisons de sécurité, de confirmer par plusieurs informations l'autorisation de transmission.To determine if the transmitter must be inhibited the control unit 153 receives at least one flight data from the ACMS system. It is necessary, for security reasons, to confirm by several information the authorization of transmission.

L'unité 152 de communication comprend un processeur programmé pour assurer la gestion du transfert des données de vol. Une telle gestion est la récupération des données de vol de l'unité de stockage et un déclenchement du transfert.The communication unit 152 includes a processor programmed to manage the transfer of the flight data. Such management is the recovery of the flight data of the storage unit and a triggering of the transfer.

La carte PCMCIA permet de transférer des données de vol après qu'un rapport ACMS soit généré.The PCMCIA card is used to transfer flight data after an ACMS report is generated.

Un tel rapport ACMS est généré après qu'au moins une condition prédéterminée soit vérifiée.Such an ACMS report is generated after at least one predetermined condition is verified.

Par exemple, le rapport ACMS est généré après que l'aéronef a atterri. Ainsi des conditions à vérifier peuvent être : l'ouverture des portes de l'aéronef, une vitesse nulle de l'aéronef, un débit de carburant nul, etc. Toutes ces conditions sont configurables.For example, the ACMS report is generated after the aircraft has landed. Thus conditions to be verified may be: the opening of the doors of the aircraft, a zero speed of the aircraft, a zero fuel flow, etc. All these conditions are configurable.

L'homme du métier peut envisager d'autres conditions pour mettre en place la génération du rapport ACMS.The person skilled in the art may consider other conditions for setting up the generation of the ACMS report.

Ce rapport ACMS comprend entres autres un certains nombres d'information : la localisation de l'aéronef, la date, le numéro de vol, le numéro de série de l'aéronef. Ces informations sont configurables.This ACMS report includes among other things a certain number of information: the location of the aircraft, the date, the flight number, the serial number of the aircraft. This information is configurable.

Ainsi, le rapport ACMS permet de connaitre un ensemble d'informations à chaque atterrissage de l'aéronef.Thus, the ACMS report makes it possible to know a set of information at each landing of the aircraft.

Une fois généré, ce rapport ACMS est stocké dans l'unité 151 de stockage.Once generated, this ACMS report is stored in the storage unit 151.

L'unité 151 de stockage comprend également un ensemble de données de configuration. Ces données de configuration permettent de définir une politique de transfert des données de vol ainsi que des paramètres quant au transfert effectif des données de vol.The storage unit 151 also includes a set of configuration data. This configuration data makes it possible to define a flight data transfer policy as well as parameters for the actual transfer of the flight data.

Ces données de configuration sont par exemple :

  • une liste de réseau sans fils possibles : seuls les réseaux de la liste peuvent être utilisés ;
  • une liste d'aéroports possibles : les données ne seront déchargées que dans certains aéroports ;
  • un taux de compression à appliquer aux données de vol ;
  • un type de cryptage à appliquer ou pas : dans certains pays il n'est pas autorisé de crypter les données ;
  • une activation de l'itinérance (en anglais, « roaming ») : pour des raisons économiques on peut ne pas activer l'itinérance ;
  • le type de données à décharger : il n'est pas nécessaire de décharger à chaque fois les mêmes données.
This configuration data is for example:
  • a list of possible wireless networks: only the networks in the list can be used;
  • a list of possible airports: data will be unloaded only at certain airports;
  • a compression rate to be applied to the flight data;
  • a type of encryption to apply or not: in some countries it is not allowed to encrypt the data;
  • an activation of roaming (in English, " roaming "): for economic reasons we can not activate roaming;
  • the type of data to be unloaded: it is not necessary to unload each time the same data.

Bien entendu, on peut définir d'autres données de configuration.Of course, other configuration data can be defined.

Ces données de configuration correspondent à un choix d'une compagnie aérienne et offrent une souplesse d'utilisation du système en fonction des besoins.These configuration data correspond to a choice of an airline and offer flexibility of use of the system as needed.

Selon un mode de réalisation, ce rapport généré, l'unité de communication détecte la génération de ce rapport ACMS. Une telle détection est suivie d'une comparaison des informations contenues dans le rapport ACMS aux données de configuration.According to one embodiment, this generated report, the communication unit detects the generation of this ACMS report. Such detection is followed by a comparison of the information contained in the ACMS report with the configuration data.

Le résultat de la comparaison est principalement une décision quant au déclenchement automatique du transfert des données de vol vers la station sol.The result of the comparison is mainly a decision on the automatic triggering of the transfer of flight data to the ground station.

Une comparaison est par exemple, si au moins une information du rapport ACMS est identique à une donnée de configuration (par exemple l'aéronef se trouve dans un aéroport dans lequel les données doivent être déchargées) le processeur de l'unité de communication va décharger automatiquement des données de vol conformément aux données de configuration.A comparison is for example, if at least one piece of information in the ACMS report is identical to a configuration data item (for example the aircraft is in an airport in which the data must be unloaded) the processor of the communication unit will unload automatically flight data in accordance with the configuration data.

Une autre comparaison peut consister à comparer une combinaison inclusive (« ET logique ») ou exclusive (« OU logique ») d'informations du rapport ACMS par rapport aux données de configuration.Another comparison may be to compare an inclusive ("logical AND") or exclusive ("logical OR") combination of ACMS report information against the configuration data.

Dans ce cas-là, le processeur va initialiser le déchargement des données de vol en fonction de données de configuration : choix du réseau sans fil, taux de compression etc.In this case, the processor will initialize the unloading of the flight data based on configuration data: choice of wireless network, compression ratio etc.

Bien entendu le déchargement des données de vol n'est possible que si l'unité de contrôle de la communication n'a pas inhibé le transmetteur de l'unité de communication.Of course, the unloading of the flight data is possible only if the communication control unit has not inhibited the transmitter of the communication unit.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'unité 152 de communication peut recevoir, par l'intermédiaire du réseau 30 sans fil, une requête pour déclencher le transfert des données de vol.According to another embodiment, the communication unit 152 can receive, via the wireless network 30, a request to trigger the transfer of the flight data.

Cette requête permet de déclencher le transfert des données de vol indépendamment du déchargement automatique et peut comprendre des données d'initialisation du transfert pour par exemple récupérer un certain type de données même s'il n'est pas prévu dans les données de configuration stockées dans l'unité de stockage.This request makes it possible to trigger the transfer of the flight data independently of the automatic unloading and may comprise transfer initialization data, for example to recover a certain type of data even if it is not provided in the configuration data stored in the data store. the storage unit.

Le déclenchement du déchargement sur requête permet de garantir que les données de vol pourront être récupérées. Il pallie, par exemple, une erreur humaine à la création des données de configuration. Il permet de plus une récupération exceptionnelle outre passant la comparaison des rapports ACMS et des données de configurations précédemment décrites.Triggering offloading on request ensures that flight data can be retrieved. It overcomes, for example, a human error in the creation of the configuration data. It allows more recovery Exceptional passing comparison of ACMS reports and configuration data previously described.

Une telle requête peut, être dans le cas d'un réseau cellulaire, un SMS paramétré sous certaines conditions.Such a request can be, in the case of a cellular network, an SMS parameterized under certain conditions.

Là aussi, le déchargement des données de vol n'est possible que si l'unité de contrôle de la communication n'a pas inhibé le transmetteur de l'unité de communication.Here again, the unloading of the flight data is only possible if the communication control unit has not inhibited the transmitter of the communication unit.

La carte PCMCIA comprend une unité 154 de gestion de l'accès à l'unité de stockage 151, d'une part par le processeur de l'unité de communication 152 et d'autre part le système ACMS au travers du contrôleur PCMCIA 155.The PCMCIA card comprises a unit 154 for managing the access to the storage unit 151, on the one hand by the processor of the communication unit 152 and on the other hand the ACMS system through the PCMCIA controller 155.

La carte PCMCIA comprend un contrôleur 155 PCMCIA pour interfacer le système ACMS avec les composantes de la carte PCMCIA.The PCMCIA card includes a PCMCIA controller 155 for interfacing the ACMS system with the components of the PCMCIA card.

L'unité de de gestion 154 est connectée au système ACMS par l'intermédiaire du contrôleur 155 PCMCIA.The management unit 154 is connected to the ACMS system via the controller 155 PCMCIA.

La connexion entre l'unité de gestion 154 et le contrôleur 155 PCMCIA est effectuée au moyen d'un bus de connexion standard dit « ATA » (pour « Advanced Technology Attachment"). Il est à noter que ce bus de connexion standard dit « ATA » est connu aussi sous le terme « IDE », pour « Integrated Drive Electronics ». C'est également un bus ATA qui connecte l'unité 151 de stockage à l'unité 154 de gestion d'une part et à l'unité 152 de communication d'autre part.The connection between the management unit 154 and the PCMCIA controller 155 is effected by means of a standard "ATA" connection bus (" Advanced Technology Attachment" ). ATA "is also known as" IDE "for" Integrated Drive Electronics . "It is also an ATA bus that connects the storage unit 151 to the management unit 154 on the one hand and to the unit 152 of communication on the other hand.

On note que l'utilisation d'un bus ATA implique aussi une méthode d'accès selon cette norme.Note that the use of an ATA bus also implies an access method according to this standard.

En particulier, les accès à l'unité 151 de stockage sont conformes à la norme ATA.In particular, the accesses to the storage unit 151 comply with the ATA standard.

L'unité 154 de gestion de l'accès à l'unité 151 de stockage permet de gérer les conflits d'accès entre le système ACMS et le processeur de l'unité 152 de communication.The unit 151 for managing the access to the storage unit 151 makes it possible to manage the access conflicts between the ACMS system and the processor of the communication unit 152.

Ainsi, l'unité de gestion de l'accès 154 permet de paralléliser la lecture et de l'écriture de l'unité de stockage 151. En effet, l'unité de gestion de l'accès 154 permettra à la fois à l'unité de communication 152 de lire les données présentes dans l'unité 151 de stockage sans perturber les écritures par le système ACMS, écriture qui arrive via le contrôleur PCMCIA 155.Thus, the access management unit 154 makes it possible to parallelize the reading and the writing of the storage unit 151. Indeed, the access management unit 154 will allow both the communication unit 152 to read the data present in the storage unit 151 without disturbing the writes by the ACMS system, writing that arrives via the PCMCIA controller 155.

En effet, dans le cas où, il arrive simultanément, une demande d'écriture, depuis le contrôleur PCMCIA 155, et une demande de lecture par l'unité de transmission 151, l'unité de gestion de l'accès 154, attribuera et séquencera les deux commandes, en donnant la priorité au contrôleur PCMCIA 155.Indeed, in the case where, simultaneously, a write request from the PCMCIA controller 155, and a read request by the transmission unit 151, the access management unit 154, will issue and will sequence both commands, giving priority to the PCMCIA 155 controller.

Ainsi à chaque permutation de l'accès à l'unité de stockage, l'unité de gestion procède à une restitution de contexte des registres ATA dans l'unité de stockage.Thus, at each exchange of access to the storage unit, the management unit performs a context restoration of the ATA registers in the storage unit.

En particulier huit registres ATA sont sauvegardés et restaurés à chaque permutation du maître sur l'unité de stockage, le maitre étant alternativement soir le processeur de l'unité 152 de communication soit le système ACMS au travers du contrôleur PCMCIA 155.In particular, eight ATA registers are saved and restored each time the master switches over to the storage unit, the master alternately evening the processor of the communication unit 152 or the ACMS system through the PCMCIA controller 155.

Ces registres sont les suivants (issus de la norme ATA) : Feature, Sector Count, Sector Number, Cylinder Low, Cylinder High, Drive/Head, Command and Device Control.These registers are as follows (from the ATA standard): Feature, Sector Count, Sector Number, Cylinder Low, High Cylinder, Drive / Head, Command and Device Control.

Ces registres correspondent à l'adresse, type d'accès (lecture/écriture), que le système ACMS au travers du contrôleur PCMCIA 155 ou bien le processeur de l'unité 152 de communication souhaite faire sur l'unité de stockage.These registers correspond to the address, type of access (read / write), that the ACMS system through the PCMCIA controller 155 or the processor of the communication unit 152 wishes to do on the storage unit.

On note qu'il n'est pas prévu dans la norme ATA, que ces informations soient mises à jour à chaque nouvel accès.Note that it is not foreseen in the ATA standard, that this information be updated with each new access.

Sans cette restitution par l'unité de gestion de l'accès 154, le système ACMS et le processeur de l'unité 152 de communication seraient dans l'obligation de fournir ces informations avant chaque accès pour replacer l'unité de stockage dans le contexte du maître en cours. Pour ce faire, une modification des logiciels de l'ACMS et du processeur de l'unité 152 est indispensable. Faute de quoi les erreurs seraient :

  • En lecture par le processeur de l'unité 152: lectures erronées indétectables
  • En écriture par le système ACMS, via le contrôleur PCMCIA 155 : écritures erronées non détectées, atteinte à l'intégrité des données existantes, atteinte à l'intégrité du format de l'unité de stockage.
Without this restoration by the access management unit 154, the ACMS system and the processor of the communication unit 152 would be obliged to provide this information before each access to put the storage unit back in the context. of the current master. To do this, a modification of the software of the ACMS and the processor of the unit 152 is essential. Otherwise the errors would be:
  • Read by 152 CPU: Undetectable Wrong Reads
  • In writing by the ACMS system, via the PCMCIA controller 155: undetected erroneous writes, compromises the integrity of the existing data, compromises the integrity of the format of the storage unit.

L'utilisation d'une telle unité de gestion est totalement transparente, contrairement à une solution qui consisterait en la modification des deux logiciels.The use of such a management unit is completely transparent, unlike a solution that would consist of the modification of the two software.

Claims (11)

  1. A PCMCIA card (15) for downloading flight data remotely via a wireless network (30) to a ground station (20), the PCMCIA card (15) being configured to be connected to an ACMS system (11) of an aircraft, the ACMS system (11) being configured to generate an ACMS report after at least one predefined condition has been satisfied, the ACMS report comprising several pieces of information, and to record flight data, the PCMCIA card (15) comprising
    - a communication unit (152) configured to transfer data to the ground station, the communication unit comprising a transmitter and a processor to detect whether an ACMS report has been generated;
    - a storage unit (151) connected to the communication unit (152), the storage unit (151) being configured to store flight data, an ACMS report and a set of configuration data of the flight data transfer;
    the PCMCIA card being characterized in that it further comprises
    - a communication control unit (153) configured to inhibit the transmitter of the communication unit (152) under some conditions; in that
    - the communication unit (152) compares the pieces of information of the ACMS report to configuration data and depending on the comparison, automatically triggers the flight data transfer, depending on transfer parameters of the configuration data, to the ground station (20); and in that
    - the communication unit (152) is configured to receive, via the wireless network (30), a request to trigger the flight data transfer if an ACMS report has been generated.
  2. The PCMCIA card according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit (152) automatically triggers the flight data transfer as soon as at least one piece of information of the ACMS report is identical to a configuration datum.
  3. The PCMCIA card according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit automatically triggers the flight data transfer as soon as an inclusive or exclusive combination of pieces of information of said ACMS report is identical to a combination of configuration data.
  4. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a unit for managing access to the storage unit of the PCMCIA card by the processor of the communication unit on the one hand and the ACMS system on the other hand.
  5. The PCMCIA card according to the preceding claim, wherein the access to the storage unit is configured according to the ATA standard and wherein at each permutation of the access to the storage unit, the management unit conducts a context restitution of the ATA registries in the storage unit.
  6. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the configuration data are: a list of possible wireless networks and/or a list of possible airports and/or a list of flight data to be transferred and/or a compression rate to be applied to the flight data and/or an encryption type to be applied to the flight data and/or a roaming activation.
  7. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flight data are deleted from the storage unit after their automatic transfer.
  8. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless network is a cellular network or a dedicated architecture mobile network of the IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16 Wi-Fi type.
  9. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless network is a cellular network and wherein as an alternative to the automatic transfer at the end of the flight, it is possible to trigger a transfer by the receipt of a SMS message or equivalent.
  10. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the communication control unit is configured to receive from the ACMS system at least one flight datum in order to determine whether the transmitter of the communication unit has to be inhibited.
  11. The PCMCIA card according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an interface configured to connect said PCMCIA card to an ACMS system (11) of an aircraft, the interface being a PCMCIA, USB, PCI, PCI express interface.
EP13779892.2A 2012-10-23 2013-10-23 Pcmcia card for transferring flight data Active EP2912647B1 (en)

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FR2997259A1 (en) 2014-04-25
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BR112015009045B1 (en) 2021-01-19
US9767623B2 (en) 2017-09-19
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WO2014064167A1 (en) 2014-05-01
CN104969276A (en) 2015-10-07

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