EP2912520A1 - Optisches element und optisches sensorsystem - Google Patents
Optisches element und optisches sensorsystemInfo
- Publication number
- EP2912520A1 EP2912520A1 EP13783481.8A EP13783481A EP2912520A1 EP 2912520 A1 EP2912520 A1 EP 2912520A1 EP 13783481 A EP13783481 A EP 13783481A EP 2912520 A1 EP2912520 A1 EP 2912520A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical element
- resonator structure
- resonator
- molecules
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000990 laser dye Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002502 poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 108010090804 Streptavidin Proteins 0.000 description 13
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Chemical compound CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- GVJXGCIPWAVXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dioxo-1-oxoniopyrrolidine-3-sulfonate Chemical compound ON1C(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C1=O GVJXGCIPWAVXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002444 silanisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001015 X-ray lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000609 electron-beam lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013461 intermediate chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004001 molecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006117 Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108091006027 G proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000030782 GTP binding Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091000058 GTP-Binding Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000028 Gradient copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101710120037 Toxin CcdB Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013566 allergen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005603 alternating copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 antibodies Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012822 chemical development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006352 cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007877 drug screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011898 label-free detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009149 molecular binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004375 physisorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006301 statistical copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-VQHVLOKHSA-N trans-dipyrrin Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1/C=C1\C=CC=N1 OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-VQHVLOKHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
- G01N21/774—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides the reagent being on a grating or periodic structure
- G01N21/7743—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides the reagent being on a grating or periodic structure the reagent-coated grating coupling light in or out of the waveguide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N2021/7769—Measurement method of reaction-produced change in sensor
- G01N2021/7789—Cavity or resonator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
Definitions
- the invention relates to an optical element having at least one resonator structure and to an optical sensor system comprising at least one such optical element.
- Such sensors are useful for efficiently detecting ingredients in an analyte, but also for reliably quantifying lowest concentrations or for metrologically characterizing molecular interactions between selected substances.
- the chemical modification here involves the immobilization of molecular selective
- Proteins are used as acceptor molecules.
- the functionalization methods used must also be compatible with this type of material.
- the chemical modification may also have to be adapted to the individually selected acceptor molecule.
- Optical resonators for whisper-gate modes are made of a transparent dielectric material and, due to their
- n the refractive index of the resonator material
- U the circumference of the resonator
- m an integer number
- X r the wavelength of the guided light modes.
- the refractive index of the surrounding medium changes in the immediate vicinity of the resonator, the effective refractive index of the guided light modes also changes, resulting in a spectral shift of the light modes.
- an aqueous or gaseous analyte represents this environment. If substances from the analyte, in particular molecules, particles, viruses or bacteria, are deposited on the resonator surface and / or in the volume of the resonator, this deposition causes a change in the refractive index and thus a spectral shift of the light modes. From the magnitude of the shift can hereby be concluded that the number of coupling events and thus the concentration of the selected ingredients in the analyte. In addition, the affinity of the substances involved in the coupling to the resonator can be determined via the temporal behavior of the displacement. Since whispering gallery modes at high
- quartz glass Due to the high optical transparency in the respective spectral range, silicon Si, quartz glass, Si0 2 , silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 and polymers as resonator materials are particularly suitable for this purpose. To achieve high optical qualities, especially quartz glass is used for
- PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate
- a method for the surface functionalization of quartz glass toroids, the coupling of acceptor molecules in three steps allows.
- the Reso ⁇ natorober Structure is hydroxylated to amin
- Sen ⁇ sorober Chemistry a silanization before in a final step is the coupling of the acceptor molecules.
- Silanization provided with epoxy groups.
- further molecules are subsequently coupled to the epoxy groups in order to provide the surface with amino or carboxyl groups, to which the coupling of acceptor molecules then takes place.
- acceptor molecules may also be noncovalent if there is no suitable end group for covalent coupling. As a result, the requirements for the chemical modification of the sensor surface are generally reduced, but this has. Type of surface functionalization usually significantly deteriorated results.
- molecules are used which have a high physisorption on solid surfaces. These molecules stick to many surfaces and act as adhesion promoters (Media ' gates) for the acceptor molecules.
- Acceptor molecules can be coupled to the mediator molecules, either before or after their immobilization.
- Noncovalent coupling has numerous other disadvantages.
- the adhesion of mediator molecules is based only on weak intermolecular interactions with the sensor surface,
- acceptor molecule for the detection of streptavidin features Since only a limited number of acceptor molecules can be attached to BSA without chemical modification, this approach is not suitable for practical use since it allows only a limited number of applications. Guo et al. , Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 5517, p. 152 ff., 2004, use the same approach for resonators made of polystyrene, since polystyrene is not suitable for the chemical modification for the covalent coupling of acceptor molecules.
- an optical element is to be provided, which in the simplest possible way, a coupling of a large number of molecularly selective acceptor molecules and / or of particles to the surface and / or into the interior. the at least one resonator structure allows. Furthermore, an optical element is to be provided which enables the coupling of functional molecules, in particular fluorescence or laser dyes and / or cross-linking agents to the surface and / or into the interior of the at least one resonator structure in a simple manner.
- An inventive optical element comprises at least one resonator ⁇ gate structure, preferably as a resonator for
- the at least one Reso ⁇ nator Jardin comprises at least two resonators, it has the advantage that it only emits a single wavelength of coherent radiation with an appropriate design of the at least two resonators, or a parallel read-out, a plurality of sensor signals
- Preferred resonator geometries are in particular rings, disks, toroids, spheres, goblets or capillaries.
- the at least one resonator structure according to the invention is made of
- a sensor structure designed as a sensor is therefore suitable for the selective detection of molecular to be detected
- Particles in particular microparticles, nanoparticles, viruses or bacteria.
- the possibility of direct coupling of molecularly selective acceptor molecules makes further chemical
- the chemical end groups of the material are preferably chosen so that the at least one resonator structure can be used flexibly for a large number of applications in order to obtain, without significant changes, a wide range of molecularly selective ones
- the material from which the at least one resonator structure is formed is (resonator material), at least one copolymer, which is also known as
- Heterop ' polymer is called.
- a copolymer is meant a polymer composed of at least two different types of monomeric units. According to J. Buddrus, Unen der Organischen Chemie, Walter de Gruyter, 4th ed., 2011, p. 899, copolymers are subdivided into five classes based on a binary co-polymer consisting of two different comonomers A and B ,
- Monomers in a chain is random (AABBBABAABABBAB ....);
- block copolymers consisting of longer sequences (blocks) each
- Graft copolymers in which blocks of one monomer are grafted onto the backbone of another monomer preferably comprises the at least one resonator structure on its surface and / or in its interior in a variety of chemical Endriosh which serve for direct coupling of molecules and / or 'particles.
- the choice of the chemical end groups determines whether and which molecularly selective acceptor molecules and / or particles adhere to the surface and / or inside of the molecule
- the coupling of the respective molecule and / or particle takes place in a single method step and preferably allows as flexible as possible the coupling of a wide range of molecules and / or particles.
- coupling sites are provided on the surface and / or in the interior of the at least one resonator structure, via which further functional molecules and / or
- Covalently attach particles to the polymer structure It is particularly advantageous that by coupling of fluorescent or laser dyes while avoiding a
- Agglomeration of the dyes can produce active resonator structures or laser. This will be about a skilful choice and
- Other possibilities include the integration of functional end groups to avoid optical loss channels, in particular singlet or triplet oxidation quenchers, or crosslinkers to form a.
- the copolymers have a high optical with respect to their use in an optical element
- copolymers are also suitable which are transparent in another spectral range, preferably in the range of infrared and terahertz radiation. Particular preference is given to using copolymers which are suitable as structurable materials, ie which are obtained by a lithographic process, in particular by means of particle radiation,
- Radiation preferably X-ray lithography, UV lithography or
- Lithographisch structurable materials are characterized by a polymerization of
- the coupling points contained in the material are preferably used for coupling according to the concept of so-called click chemistry according to H.C. Kolb, M.G. Finn, K.B. Sharpless, Click chemistry: Diverse chemical
- reaction of the click chemistry are dipolar cycloadditions, eg between alkynes and azides, nonaldolike carbonyl reactions, eg the peptide bond, Additions to multiple bonds, eg the reaction of thiol with vinyl groups ⁇ Michael additions) or nucleophilic substitutions, eg the ring-opening reactions of epoxides.
- the material used for the at least one resonator structure is a copolymer which comprises methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the monomeric building block and which therefore has largely the same application-specific advantages owing to its molecular similarity to PMMA. Suitable for this purpose is
- the copolymer poly (methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid), which like PMMA has a high transparency in the optical spectral range and can be lithographically, in particular by electron beam lithography, X-ray lithography or lithography with deep UV radiation structure.
- this copolymer has in addition to the methacrylate side groups in addition to carboxyl groups, which have the property that can be coupled via Click chemistry directly and in high yield molecularly selective acceptor molecules.
- Coupling molecules without chemical intermediate modifications preferably Peptides, proteins, antibodies, parts of antibodies or DNA sequences.
- a wide range of amino-terminated molecules and particles are biologically available or synthetic
- copolymer poly ethylene-co-methyl acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate
- epoxide end groups to which also amino groups can be coupled directly.
- Further preferred polymers are poly (methyl-imethacrylate-co-furfuryl methacrylate) and
- optical elements according to the invention are suitable not only for use with liquid analytes, which are particularly suitable for biosensing, but also for gaseous analytes, in particular for molecular gas sensors.
- this embodiment causes an arrival and / or storage of gas molecules to be detected on and / or in the polymeric
- Resonator structure volume the spectral shift of the whispering gallery modes.
- the accumulation / storage also leads to a geometric change that occurs
- gas sensors can be produced directly and without further methods with the selected material for the resonator structures. This is a significant advantage
- Resonator structures the incorporation of gas molecules also throughout Volume occurs, usually resulting in higher sensitivities compared to the use of auxiliary layers.
- optical sensor system comprising at least the following components:
- At least one resonator structure preferably a laser diode
- At least one optical element according to the invention having at least one resonator structure; , '
- a resonator structure preferably a microfluidic infrastructure
- a device for detecting a spectral shift of the light emitted by the at least one resonator structure a device for detecting a spectral shift of the light emitted by the at least one resonator structure.
- the present invention has the following advantages. Due to the chemical end groups inherently present in the at least one material, the coupling of a very large number of molecularly selective acceptor molecules and / or particles or further functional groups can take place directly and without intermediate chemical steps
- Molecules and / or particles to the at least one resonator structure are saved significant time for surface functionalization, it also saves on previously required chemicals in the form of mediator materials, solvents or cleaning agents.
- the material for the resonator structures is also directly stru-kturierbar with standard lithographic methods or with known
- sensors for process monitoring preferably for the detection of pharmaceutical ingredients, in particular for the quantitative adjustment of active substances in a medicament
- sensors for the development of medicaments in particular for
- Fig. 1 Scanning electron micrograph of a resonator structure according to the invention in the form of two optical ikroresonatoren for whisper gate modes;
- Microresonator in general form and b) an active biosensor based on a microresonator according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of an optical sensor system which has at least one optical element with at least one resonator structure
- Fig. 6 emission spectrum of a copolymer microlaser before and during the coupling of streptavidin with a concentration of 500 nmol.
- Fig. 1 shows an arrangement with two inventive optical active resonators of the copolymer poly (methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid), designed as micro-resonators for
- Resonator structures are located on silicon bases. The visualization of the arrangement was carried out with a scanning electron microscope. Due to the undercutting of the silicon-T 'rägerchips with XeF 2, structured by means of electron beam writer circular copolymer structures remain on the silicon pedestals.
- the calyx is a
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- Hot plate pre-exposure bake
- Biotin was selected as a molecularly selective acceptor molecule, which allows selective coupling of the protein streptavidin.
- Biotin contains polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is a
- the carboxyl groups must be 1- Ethyl 3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) are activated.
- EDC Ethyl 3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide
- sulfo-NHS sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide
- streptavidin labeled with the red fluorescent marker Cy3 was used according to the following procedures:
- Streptavidin (solvent: PBS (phosphate buffered saline)); Exposure time: 30 minutes
- Fig. 2a shows the general chemical composition of a functional copolymer according to the invention, consisting of monomeric
- the relative quantities can take values between 0 (0% share) and 1 (100% share).
- molecular binding sites laser dyes and cross-linkers are suitable.
- the arrangement of the subunits is arbitrary, including random, alternating, blockwise, gradient or homopolymer. The coupling of the individual monomeric subunits takes place
- X lr X 2 , X 3 ,..., X n denote any atomic or molecular skeleton of a monomeric subunit
- R denotes any atomic or molecular side ⁇ or intermediate groups of a monomeric subunit.
- Poly (methyl-Imeth IACR 'ylat-co-methacrylic acid) comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a monomer unit, indicated.
- Fig. 3a shows a schematic representation of a resonator structure according to the invention, designed as a microresonator for
- an embodiment of an active biosensor based on a microresonator according to the invention is also shown schematically.
- the biosensor is formed of a copolymer with three functional side groups.
- a functional end group 12 for covalent coupling of a laser dye 14 and a functional end group 13 for covalent coupling of a cross-linker 16 are furthermore in the entire solid material available.
- microresonators microlaser
- the microlaser could be excited and read in an optical sensor system by means of a free jet method, which is the use, compared to passive resonators, where usually a strong
- Thinned glass fiber must be stable and highly accurately positioned, greatly simplified.
- a pulse duration of 10 ns and a repetition rate of 20 was used, and which was focused by means of focusing optics 23 on the chip surface.
- the power of the Nd: YV0 4 laser could be adjusted continuously with an optical power control 22, for which a combination of a polarizer and a Pockels cell was selected here.
- the chip was in a microfluidic chamber 24, whose
- Front consists of a glass window.
- an analyte is pumped via an inlet 24a into the chamber 24 and discharged from it via an outlet 24b. The picking up of the
- the free jet could optionally be deflected to a CCD camera 29, whereby a
- the chamber 24 was flooded with water, ⁇ and one of the microlaser with the pump laser 21 for emitting laser light in
- Fig. 6 shows the spectrum of the microlaser for the measurement of
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012110126A DE102012110126B3 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Optisches Element und optisches Sensorsystem |
| PCT/EP2013/003047 WO2014063787A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-10 | Optisches element und optisches sensorsystem |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2912520A1 true EP2912520A1 (de) | 2015-09-02 |
Family
ID=49510105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13783481.8A Withdrawn EP2912520A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-10 | Optisches element und optisches sensorsystem |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2912520A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102012110126B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014063787A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2001281192A1 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2002-02-18 | California Institute Of Technology | Optical sensing based on whispering-gallery-mode microcavity |
| US7781217B2 (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2010-08-24 | California Institute Of Technology | Biological and chemical microcavity resonant sensors and methods of detecting molecules |
| US20100227315A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2010-09-09 | Paul Mulvaney | Biosensor Using Whispering Gallery Modes in Microspheres |
| US8107081B2 (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2012-01-31 | California Institute Of Technology | Micro-cavity gas and vapor sensors and detection methods |
| US8092855B2 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2012-01-10 | California Institute Of Technology | Click chemistry surface functionalization for resonant micro-cavity sensors |
| DE102011107360A1 (de) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Karlsruher Institut für Technologie | Mikrooptisches Element, mikrooptisches Array und optisches Sensorensystem |
-
2012
- 2012-10-24 DE DE102012110126A patent/DE102012110126B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-10-10 WO PCT/EP2013/003047 patent/WO2014063787A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2013-10-10 EP EP13783481.8A patent/EP2912520A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| S SORIA ET AL: "High-Q polymer-coated microspheres for immunosensing applications", OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 17, no. 17, 17 August 2009 (2009-08-17), XP055365357 * |
| See also references of WO2014063787A1 * |
| SILVIA SORIA ET AL: "Optical Microspherical Resonators for Biomedical Sensing", SENSORS, vol. 11, no. 12, 12 January 2011 (2011-01-12), pages 785 - 805, XP055365396, DOI: 10.3390/s110100785 * |
| TATYANA V MURZINA ET AL: "Kerr versus thermal non-linear effects studied by hybrid whispering gallery mode resonators [Invited]", OPTICAL MATERIAL EXPRESS, vol. 2, no. 8, 19 July 2012 (2012-07-19), XP055365353 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102012110126B3 (de) | 2013-11-28 |
| WO2014063787A1 (de) | 2014-05-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Zhi et al. | Single nanoparticle detection using optical microcavities | |
| DE60012962T2 (de) | Sensoren und wandler mit freitragendem ausleger | |
| Chang-Yen et al. | An integrated optical oxygen sensor fabricated using rapid-prototyping techniques | |
| EP0988526B1 (de) | Anordnung zur detektion biochemischer oder chemischer substanzen mittels fluoreszenzlichtanregung und verfahren zu deren herstellung | |
| DE60034029T2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von festphasen-matrizen für ramanspektroskopie unter verstärkender oberflächenmitwirkung (sers) | |
| Chen et al. | Interaction of fibrinogen with surfaces of end‐group‐modified polyurethanes: A surface‐specific sum‐frequency‐generation vibrational spectroscopy study | |
| Huang et al. | Stretchable PEG-DA hydrogel-based whispering-gallery-mode microlaser with humidity responsiveness | |
| DE102011107360A1 (de) | Mikrooptisches Element, mikrooptisches Array und optisches Sensorensystem | |
| US20060255008A1 (en) | Photonic sensor particles and fabrication methods | |
| Blankenship et al. | Complex three-dimensional microscale structures for quantum sensing applications | |
| Gong et al. | Imaging-based optofluidic biolaser array encapsulated with dynamic living organisms | |
| Lin et al. | Label-free water sensors using hybrid polymer–dielectric mid-infrared optical waveguides | |
| Zhang et al. | Optofluidic lasers and their applications in biochemical sensing | |
| Davis et al. | FRET detection of proteins using fluorescently doped electrospun nanofibers and pattern recognition | |
| Moghaddam et al. | Label-free optical pH measurement based on Chitosan-TEOS-PDMS hydrogel layer for microfluidic applications | |
| Tang et al. | In situ assembling of glass microspheres and bonding force analysis by the ultraviolet–near-infrared dual-beam optical tweezer system | |
| DE102012110126B3 (de) | Optisches Element und optisches Sensorsystem | |
| CN110231485B (zh) | 一种生物传感器及其制备方法 | |
| DE602004010174T2 (de) | Teilchensortierungsverfahren | |
| DE102019122079A1 (de) | Verfahren zur bestimmung von nanopolymerpartikeln | |
| DE10157070B4 (de) | Anordnung zur Messung von durch Ionenkanäle fließenden Ionenströmen, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser und Messverfahren | |
| Kim et al. | Size-controlled fabrication of supramolecular vesicles for the construction of conjugated polymer sensors with enhanced optical properties | |
| Zhi et al. | Two-photon fluorescence in red and violet conjugated polymer microspheres | |
| Liang et al. | Molecularly imprinted polymer/CdTe quantum dots-decorated polymer optic fiber microprobes for Amoxicillin detection | |
| Hsieh | Polymer and Polymer/Virus Fibers Fabricated Through Near-Field Electrospinning for Whispering Gallery Mode Sensing and Biosensing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20150423 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WIENHOLD, TOBIAS Inventor name: BOG, UWE Inventor name: MOHAMED, SABRY ABDEL-ALIEM Inventor name: KOEBER, SEBASTIAN Inventor name: MAPPES, TIMO |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20170424 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20171107 |