EP2909390B1 - Construction panel made from an insulating material - Google Patents

Construction panel made from an insulating material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2909390B1
EP2909390B1 EP12809294.7A EP12809294A EP2909390B1 EP 2909390 B1 EP2909390 B1 EP 2909390B1 EP 12809294 A EP12809294 A EP 12809294A EP 2909390 B1 EP2909390 B1 EP 2909390B1
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Prior art keywords
insulating material
face
internal
line
cavity
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EP12809294.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2909390B8 (en
EP2909390A1 (en
Inventor
Christophe Portugues
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Posytec Puy De Dome SAS
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Posytec Puy De Dome SAS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to building panels made of insulating materials, and in particular to large panels made of insulating material, which can serve as a building construction wall.
  • the panels of insulating material are cut out.
  • this cutting can advantageously be carried out by applying a hot wire, which will melt the expanded polystyrene as would a hot knife in butter.
  • Such cutting techniques are generally known for these types of panels.
  • the problem which then arises is that the hot wire which enters the insulating material of the panel necessarily leaves a groove, coming out of the panel once the recess is cut out, even if the operator or the machine are very careful or are very precise. .
  • This groove which manifests itself in part of the thickness of the panel, at a depth at least equal to that of the distance of the internal distal face of the recess from the external attack face of the panel, is very often partially filled with cutting debris, in the form of an expanded polystyrene strip, which must be removed from the furrow, so that it can be plugged with a glue or a sealing joint, for example a polyurethane-based polymer product.
  • the thickness of the sheet of insulating material to be removed after cutting is generally between 5/100 th and 10/100 th of a millimeter, and this thin thickness is difficult to remove cleanly, requiring time and labor. expensive.
  • the filling is problematic since it is often very difficult, if not impossible, to introduce the adhesive sufficiently deep into the groove for it to play its role of mechanical interfacial compensator between the two internal faces of the groove, which can lead, when using the panels on a building site, to breaking or cracking of the panels when the hardening hydraulic binder is poured into the recess Indeed, the not completely blocked groove represents a potential mechanical fault in the panel and significantly reduces the resistance to pushing pressures exerted by the hardenable hydraulic binder present in the recess. Breakage rates of 1 in 30 panels have already been observed.
  • an object of the present invention is a panel made of insulating material, provided with a recess made in said panel and passing through the thickness of the latter from a first external face of said panel towards another diametrically opposite face, said recess being adapted in size and volume to receive a curable hydraulic binder and / or a mechanical reinforcement element, the recess being connected to a cutting line formed from the first external face of the panel to an internal face of the recess, in which said panel comprises, starting from said first external face of the panel towards the other diametrically opposite face, internal blocking means insulated against the thrust exerted by the curable hydraulic binder, extending from the first external face inside from the panel to the other diametrically opposite face.
  • the blocking means prevent the creation of a thermal bridge, that is to say that at an equal energy loss value, they do not generate a crossing point for the thermal energy leading to additional energy losses.
  • the internal insulating blocking means against the thrust exerted by the curable hydraulic binder are constituted by the cutting line made from the first external face of the panel to an internal face of the recess. More preferably, the cutting line does not describe a straight line from the first external face to the internal face of the recess.
  • the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means comprises at least an internal blocking angle located along the line between the first external face and the internal face of the recess.
  • this internal locking angle is between about 5 ° to about 340 °, and more preferably, between 30 ° and 90 °.
  • the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means comprises at least one part with a radius of curvature or in an arc of a circle situated along the line between the first external face and the internal face of the recess.
  • the part with radius of curvature or in an arc of a circle has a radius of curvature of between approximately 90 ° and approximately 180 °.
  • the blocking means could break under the effect of the pressure curable hydraulic binder once introduced into the recess. Indeed, if we take an example of a panel 2.80 m long, whose recess is filled with concrete, the bottom of the panel at the cutting line, when the panel is erected vertically, undergoes a pressure of the order of 1.44 kg / cm 2 , which would tend to cause it to break. It is therefore preferred that the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means starts on the first external face of the panel at a point offset from a shortest straight virtual cutting line connecting the external face of the panel to the internal face of the panel. closest recess.
  • the cutting line must end up somewhere in the recess to be able to cut it out with the wire and pull it out.
  • the cutting line of the isothermal internal locking means opens onto an inner lateral face of the recess, preferably at the right angle formed by this lateral face with the rear face of the recess.
  • the recess is not a recess at right angles, it will preferably be chosen as the point of exit from the cutting line, a point furthest from the rear of the recess, starting from the external face of the panel.
  • the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means defines an internal projection of continuous insulating material, comprising a tail extending from the external face and a blocking head.
  • the tail is made of insulating material defined by a lateral face of the recess and the cutting line, and having a thickness less than or equal to one third of the most dimension wide of the recess.
  • the head is made of insulating material, and projects from the tail in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of the cutting line, that is to say the cutting direction from the external face of the panel. Even more preferably, the head has a thickness less than or equal to the thickness of the tail, and more preferably still between 5 mm and 7 cm.
  • the tail and the head together form isothermal internal blocking means in the form of a hemispherical segment, the curved part of the hemispherical segment projecting in a direction substantially opposite to an internal lateral face of the recess.
  • the panels of insulating material according to the present invention advantageously has a thickness of between 150 mm and 1200 mm.
  • the panel of insulating material has a tail as defined above with a minimum thickness of 5 mm, and preferably 50 mm.
  • the panel of insulating material comprises a layer of static air along the cutting line between two internal faces corresponding to the cutting line, with a thickness of the order of 3/10 e of millimeter.
  • the panel of insulating material according to the invention has a BBC energy consumption value called “low consumption building” of between 91 kWh / m 2 / year and 150 kWh / m 2 / year .
  • the panel of insulating material according to the invention has a passive energy loss value of less than 15 kWh / m 2 / year.
  • the maximum dimension of the recess is between 10% and 40%, and preferably is 33%, of the distance between the external face of the panel in which the cutting line and the internal face of the recess to which said cutting line opens.
  • the insulating materials constituting the panel according to the invention we will choose those generally known to those skilled in the art, but preferably the insulating material chosen is expanded polystyrene.
  • the recess 60 is obtained by cutting with a heated wire, for example, by means of an electrical resistance, technologies generally known to those skilled in the art for cutting this type of material.
  • the outline of the cut is illustrated on the Figure 1A by arrows. Note that the cutting line from the outer front face 2 extends in a straight line to an inner front face of the future recess. Then, the wire passes counterclockwise, making a cut in the mass of the insulating material, which melts as the heated wire passes, to come out again on the outer front face 2. The cut material is released, which leaves a recess passing through the panel according to a desired thickness or length.
  • the material cannot be left inside the space, because it would tend to serve as a sliding plate between the two faces of the cutting line, when the recess is filled with the hydraulic binder , for example, concrete, making it easier to move one part of the panel relative to another due to the pressure or counter-pressure exerted by the hydraulic binder.
  • the hydraulic binder for example, concrete
  • the filling product for example a polyurethane adhesive
  • this filling proves difficult in practice, generates a thermal bridge between the faces of the cutting line, and in addition may nevertheless cause the panel to break during the introduction of the hydraulic binder, due to the interactions between the adhesive and the surfaces of the cutting line made of insulating material.
  • the cutting line n is not a straight line, but that it is configured to form internal isothermal blocking means.
  • the cutting line in the panel according to the invention and as exemplified in the Figure 2 starts to the right of a virtual straight line which would connect the external front face and the front angle between the lateral face and the internal front face of the recess.
  • This cutting line according to the invention describes several angles 7, 8, 9, in this specific case, right angles, thus forming a tail 10 and a head 11 made of insulating material.
  • the head 11 is a substantially orthogonal projection of the tail 10, that is to say it extends substantially perpendicularly to the direction of extension of the tail 10.
  • This projection of material is pushed by the hydraulic binder when the latter is introduced into the recess, to press against an internal face of the cutting line.
  • the tail 10 also moves slightly with the counter-thrust of the hydraulic binder when the latter is introduced into the recess, without however breaking, because the tail has a thickness adapted to withstand such pressure.
  • the two insulating materials are the same, i.e. that of the internal face of the cutting line and that of the head, and as there is no rupture of material between the two parts, the material being continuous, no thermal bridge is created.
  • there is a layer of static air which is sandwiched on the one hand by the tail 10 and the head 11, and on the other hand by the internal face of the cutting line.
  • a cutting line having a tail 10 and a head having a rounded part with a radius of curvature or in an arc of a circle.
  • Other configurations are of course also possible, the only constraint being that there is blockage between the cut elements and an internal face of the cutting line, so as to form the blocking means, without creating a thermal bridge.

Description

La présente invention concerne des panneaux de construction en matériaux isolants, et en particulier des panneaux de grande taille en matériau isolant, pouvant servir de paroi de construction de bâtiment.The present invention relates to building panels made of insulating materials, and in particular to large panels made of insulating material, which can serve as a building construction wall.

En effet, de tels panneaux constitués de matériau isolant sont déjà connus, par exemple, par le biais de la demande de brevet au nom du déposant, publiée sous le numéro FR 2951206 A , qui décrit un panneau selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Ces panneaux comportent un évidement qui traverse en générale l'entièreté du panneaux.Indeed, such panels made of insulating material are already known, for example, through the patent application in the name of the applicant, published under the number FR 2951206 A , which describes a panel according to the preamble of claim 1. These panels have a recess which generally crosses the entire panel.

Afin d'obtenir de tels évidements, qui vont servir à recevoir un liant hydraulique durcissable, par exemple du béton et/ou du ciment, et/ou des éléments de renfort, par exemple des poteaux ou chainage en métal, les panneaux en matériau isolant sont découpés. Lorsqu'il s'agit de panneaux en polystyrène expansé, comme ceux décrit dans la demande de brevet français citée ci-dessus, cette découpe peut avantageusement être pratiquée par application d'un fil chaud, qui va faire fondre le polystyrène expansé comme le ferait un couteau chaud dans du beurre. De telles techniques de découpe sont connues de manière générale pour ces types de panneaux.In order to obtain such recesses, which will serve to receive a hardenable hydraulic binder, for example concrete and / or cement, and / or reinforcing elements, for example posts or metal chaining, the panels of insulating material. are cut out. When it comes to expanded polystyrene panels, such as those described in the French patent application cited above, this cutting can advantageously be carried out by applying a hot wire, which will melt the expanded polystyrene as would a hot knife in butter. Such cutting techniques are generally known for these types of panels.

Le problème qui se pose alors est que le fil chaud qui rentre dans le matériau isolant du panneau laisse nécessairement un sillon, en ressortant du panneau une fois l'évidement détouré, même si l'opérateur ou la machine font très attention ou sont très précis. Ce sillon qui se manifeste dans une partie de l'épaisseur du panneau, à une profondeur au moins égale à celle de la distance de la face distale interne de l'évidement par rapport à la face externe d'attaque du panneau, est très souvent partiellement rempli de débris de coupe, sous forme d'une lamelle de polystyrène expansé, et qui doit être enlevé du sillon, afin que celui puisse être bouché par une colle ou un joint de bouchage, par exemple un produit polymère à base de polyuréthane. L'épaisseur de la feuille de matériau isolant à enlever après la découpe est généralement comprise entre 5/100e et 10/100e de millimètre, et cette fine épaisseur est difficile à enlever proprement, nécessitant du temps et de la main d'oeuvre coûteuse.The problem which then arises is that the hot wire which enters the insulating material of the panel necessarily leaves a groove, coming out of the panel once the recess is cut out, even if the operator or the machine are very careful or are very precise. . This groove, which manifests itself in part of the thickness of the panel, at a depth at least equal to that of the distance of the internal distal face of the recess from the external attack face of the panel, is very often partially filled with cutting debris, in the form of an expanded polystyrene strip, which must be removed from the furrow, so that it can be plugged with a glue or a sealing joint, for example a polyurethane-based polymer product. The thickness of the sheet of insulating material to be removed after cutting is generally between 5/100 th and 10/100 th of a millimeter, and this thin thickness is difficult to remove cleanly, requiring time and labor. expensive.

Le rebouchage pose problème dans la mesure où il est souvent très difficile, voire impossible d'introduire la colle de manière suffisamment profonde dans le sillon pour que celle-ci joue son rôle de compensateur mécanique interfacial entre les deux faces internes du sillon, ce qui peut conduire, lors de l'utilisation des panneaux sur un chantier, à la rupture ou à la fissure des panneaux lorsque le liant hydraulique durcissable est versé dans l'évidement En effet, le sillon non-complètement bouché représente une faille mécanique potentielle dans le panneau et réduit sensiblement la résistance aux pressions de poussée exercées par la liant hydraulique durcissable présent dans l'évidement. Des taux de rupture de 1 panneaux sur 30 ont déjà été constatés.The filling is problematic since it is often very difficult, if not impossible, to introduce the adhesive sufficiently deep into the groove for it to play its role of mechanical interfacial compensator between the two internal faces of the groove, which can lead, when using the panels on a building site, to breaking or cracking of the panels when the hardening hydraulic binder is poured into the recess Indeed, the not completely blocked groove represents a potential mechanical fault in the panel and significantly reduces the resistance to pushing pressures exerted by the hardenable hydraulic binder present in the recess. Breakage rates of 1 in 30 panels have already been observed.

La présente invention propose de résoudre cette difficulté de résistance à la rupture posée par l'apport de liant hydraulique dans l'évidement. Ainsi, un objet de la présente invention est un panneau en matériau isolant, muni d'un évidement pratiqué dans ledit panneau et traversant l'épaisseur de ce dernier depuis une première face externe dudit panneau vers une autre face diamétralement opposée, ledit évidement étant adapté en taille et en volume à recevoir un liant hydraulique durcissable et/ou un élément de renfort mécanique, l'évidement étant relié à une ligne de découpe pratiquée depuis la première face externe du panneau jusqu'à une face interne de l'évidement, dans lequel ledit panneau comporte, en partant de ladite première face externe du panneau vers l'autre face diamétralement opposée, des moyens de blocage internes isothermes contre la poussée exercée par le liant hydraulique durcissable, s'étendant depuis la première face externe à l'intérieur du panneau vers l'autre face diamétralement opposée.The present invention proposes to resolve this difficulty of resistance to rupture posed by the addition of hydraulic binder in the recess. Thus, an object of the present invention is a panel made of insulating material, provided with a recess made in said panel and passing through the thickness of the latter from a first external face of said panel towards another diametrically opposite face, said recess being adapted in size and volume to receive a curable hydraulic binder and / or a mechanical reinforcement element, the recess being connected to a cutting line formed from the first external face of the panel to an internal face of the recess, in which said panel comprises, starting from said first external face of the panel towards the other diametrically opposite face, internal blocking means insulated against the thrust exerted by the curable hydraulic binder, extending from the first external face inside from the panel to the other diametrically opposite face.

Par l'expression « isothermes », on entend que les moyens de blocage empêchent la création d'un pont thermique, c'est-à-dire qu'à valeur de perte énergétique égale, ils ne génèrent pas un point de passage pour l'énergie thermique conduisant à des pertes d'énergie supplémentaires.By the expression “isothermal”, it is meant that the blocking means prevent the creation of a thermal bridge, that is to say that at an equal energy loss value, they do not generate a crossing point for the thermal energy leading to additional energy losses.

Selon l'invention, les moyens de blocage internes isothermes contre la poussé exercée par le liant hydraulique durcissable sont constitués par la ligne de découpe pratiquée depuis la première face externe du panneau jusqu'à une face interne de l'évidement. De manière plus préférée, la ligne de découpe ne décrit pas une ligne droite en partant de la première face externe vers la face interne de l'évidement.According to the invention, the internal insulating blocking means against the thrust exerted by the curable hydraulic binder are constituted by the cutting line made from the first external face of the panel to an internal face of the recess. More preferably, the cutting line does not describe a straight line from the first external face to the internal face of the recess.

On entend par « ne décrit pas une ligne droite » le fait que la ligne de découpe puisse prendre une forme autre qu'une simple ligne droite, comme c'est le cas avec les panneaux décrits dans l'art antérieur, dont la ligne de découpe prend le chemin le plus court entre la première face externe du panneau et la face proximale interne de l'évidement. Par exemple, et de manière préférée, la ligne de découpe des moyens de blocage internes isothermes comporte au moins un angle de blocage interne situé le long de la ligne entre la première face externe et la face interne de l'évidement. De préférence, cet angle de blocage interne est compris entre environ 5° à environ 340°, et de manière plus préférée, entre 30° et 90°.The term “does not describe a straight line” means that the cutting line can take a form other than a simple straight line, as is the case with the panels described in the prior art, including the line of cut takes the shortest path between the first external face of the panel and the internal proximal face of the recess. For example, and preferably, the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means comprises at least an internal blocking angle located along the line between the first external face and the internal face of the recess. Preferably, this internal locking angle is between about 5 ° to about 340 °, and more preferably, between 30 ° and 90 °.

Selon une autre forme d'exécution préférée de l'invention, la ligne de découpe des moyens de blocage internes isothermes comporte au moins une partie à rayon de courbure ou en arc de cercle située le long de la ligne entre la première face externe et la face interne de l'évidement. De préférence, la partie à rayon de courbure ou en arc de cercle présente un rayon de courbure comprise entre environ 90° et environ 180°.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means comprises at least one part with a radius of curvature or in an arc of a circle situated along the line between the first external face and the internal face of the recess. Preferably, the part with radius of curvature or in an arc of a circle has a radius of curvature of between approximately 90 ° and approximately 180 °.

Il a été constaté par le déposant pendant ses recherches que si la ligne de découpe démarrait en alignement avec l'angle de la face proximale et la face latérale de l'évidement, les moyens de blocage pouvaient se casser sous l'effet de la pression du liant hydraulique durcissable une fois introduit dans l'évidement. En effet, si l'on prend un exemple d'un panneau de 2,80 m de long, dont l'évidement est rempli de béton, le bas du panneau au niveau de la ligne de découpe, lorsque le panneau est dressé verticalement, subit une pression de l'ordre de 1,44 kg/cm2, ce qui aurait tendance à provoquer sa rupture. Il est donc préféré que la ligne de découpe des moyens de blocage internes isothermes démarre sur la première face externe du panneau à un point décalé d'une ligne de découpe virtuelle droite la plus courte reliant la face externe du panneau à la face intérieure de l'évidement la plus proche.It was found by the applicant during his research that if the cutting line started in alignment with the angle of the proximal face and the lateral face of the recess, the blocking means could break under the effect of the pressure curable hydraulic binder once introduced into the recess. Indeed, if we take an example of a panel 2.80 m long, whose recess is filled with concrete, the bottom of the panel at the cutting line, when the panel is erected vertically, undergoes a pressure of the order of 1.44 kg / cm 2 , which would tend to cause it to break. It is therefore preferred that the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means starts on the first external face of the panel at a point offset from a shortest straight virtual cutting line connecting the external face of the panel to the internal face of the panel. closest recess.

La ligne de découpe doit déboucher quelque part dans l'évidement pour pouvoir détourer celui-ci avec le fil et le ressortir. Ainsi, il est encore préféré que la ligne de découpe des moyens de blocage internes isothermes débouche sur une face latérale intérieure de l'évidement, de préférence à l'angle droit formé par cette face latérale avec la face arrière de l'évidement. Dans le cas où l'évidement ne serait pas un évidement à angles droits, on choisira de préférence comme endroit de sortie de la ligne de découpe un point le plus à l'arrière de l'évidement en partant de la face externe du panneau.The cutting line must end up somewhere in the recess to be able to cut it out with the wire and pull it out. Thus, it is further preferred that the cutting line of the isothermal internal locking means opens onto an inner lateral face of the recess, preferably at the right angle formed by this lateral face with the rear face of the recess. In the case where the recess is not a recess at right angles, it will preferably be chosen as the point of exit from the cutting line, a point furthest from the rear of the recess, starting from the external face of the panel.

Selon une autre forme préférée de l'invention, la ligne de découpe des moyens de blocage internes isothermes définit une projection interne en matériau isolant continue, comportant une queue s'étendant depuis la face externe et une tête de blocage. De préférence, la queue est constituée de matériau isolant définie par une face latérale de l'évidement et la ligne de découpe, et présentant une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à un tiers de la dimension la plus large de l'évidement. De préférence également, la tête est constituée de matériau isolant, et se projette depuis la queue dans une direction sensiblement orthogonale à la direction de la ligne de découpe, c'est-à-dire la direction de découpe depuis la face externe du panneau. De manière encore plus préférée, la tête présente une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à l'épaisseur de la queue, et plus préférentiellement encore comprise entre 5 mm et 7 cm.According to another preferred form of the invention, the cutting line of the insulated internal blocking means defines an internal projection of continuous insulating material, comprising a tail extending from the external face and a blocking head. Preferably, the tail is made of insulating material defined by a lateral face of the recess and the cutting line, and having a thickness less than or equal to one third of the most dimension wide of the recess. Preferably also, the head is made of insulating material, and projects from the tail in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of the cutting line, that is to say the cutting direction from the external face of the panel. Even more preferably, the head has a thickness less than or equal to the thickness of the tail, and more preferably still between 5 mm and 7 cm.

Selon une autre forme préférée du panneau de l'invention, la queue et la tête forment ensemble des moyens de blocage internes isothermes en forme de segment hémisphérique, la partie courbe du segment hémisphérique se projetant dans une direction sensiblement opposée à une face latérale interne de l'évidement.According to another preferred form of the panel of the invention, the tail and the head together form isothermal internal blocking means in the form of a hemispherical segment, the curved part of the hemispherical segment projecting in a direction substantially opposite to an internal lateral face of the recess.

Enfin, les panneaux en matériau isolant selon la présente invention présente avantageusement une épaisseur comprise entre 150 mm et 1200 mm.Finally, the panels of insulating material according to the present invention advantageously has a thickness of between 150 mm and 1200 mm.

Selon un autre mode d'exécution préféré, la panneau en matériau isolant présente une queue telle que définie ci-dessus avec une épaisseur minimale de 5 mm, et de préférence de 50 mm.According to another preferred embodiment, the panel of insulating material has a tail as defined above with a minimum thickness of 5 mm, and preferably 50 mm.

Dans un autre mode d'exécution préféré, le panneau de matériau isolant comporte une couche d'air statique le long de ligne de découpe entre deux faces internes correspondant à la ligne de découpe, d'une épaisseur de l'ordre de 3/10e de millimètre.In another preferred embodiment, the panel of insulating material comprises a layer of static air along the cutting line between two internal faces corresponding to the cutting line, with a thickness of the order of 3/10 e of millimeter.

Selon encore un autre mode d'exécution préféré, le panneau de matériau isolant selon l'invention présente une valeur de consommation énergétique BBC dite « bâtiment de basse consommation » comprise entre 91 kWh/m2/an et 150 kWh/m2/an.According to yet another preferred embodiment, the panel of insulating material according to the invention has a BBC energy consumption value called “low consumption building” of between 91 kWh / m 2 / year and 150 kWh / m 2 / year .

Selon un autre mode d'exécution préféré, le panneau de matériau isolant selon l'invention présente une valeur de perte passive en énergie inférieure à 15 kWh/m2/an.According to another preferred embodiment, the panel of insulating material according to the invention has a passive energy loss value of less than 15 kWh / m 2 / year.

Enfin, dans encore un autre mode d'exécution préféré, la dimension maximale de l'évidement est comprise entre 10 % et 40 %, et de préférence est de 33 %, de la distance entre la face externe du panneau dans lequel est pratiquée la ligne de découpe et la face interne de l'évidement à laquelle débouche ladite ligne de découpe.Finally, in yet another preferred embodiment, the maximum dimension of the recess is between 10% and 40%, and preferably is 33%, of the distance between the external face of the panel in which the cutting line and the internal face of the recess to which said cutting line opens.

Parmi les matériaux isolants constituants le panneau selon l'invention, on choisira ceux connus de manière générale par l'homme du métier, mais de préférence le matériau isolant choisi est le polystyrène expansé.Among the insulating materials constituting the panel according to the invention, we will choose those generally known to those skilled in the art, but preferably the insulating material chosen is expanded polystyrene.

La compréhension de la présente invention sera complétée par la description d'un exemple donné ci-après à titre d'illustration, en se référant utilement aux Figures dans lesquelles :

  • Les Figures 1A et 1B sont une représentation en section transversale schématique d'un panneau de construction connu selon l'art antérieur, notamment de la demande de brevet FR295 1206 ;
  • La Figure 2 est une représentation en section transversale schématique d'un panneau de construction selon la présente invention ;
  • La Figure 3 est une représentation schématique d'une feuille de matériau isolant retirée à la main de la ligne de découpe pratiquée dans un panneau selon la Figure 1.
The understanding of the present invention will be completed by the description of an example given below by way of illustration, with useful reference to the Figures in which:
  • The Figures 1A and 1B are a schematic cross-sectional representation of a construction panel known according to the prior art, in particular from the patent application FR295 1206 ;
  • The Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of a building panel according to the present invention;
  • The Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a sheet of insulating material removed by hand from the cutting line made in a panel according to the Figure 1 .

Si l'on se réfère maintenant aux Figures 1A et 1B, on peut apercevoir la représentation schématique d'un panneau 1 de construction, par exemple en polystyrène expansé, tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet publiée sous le numéro FR2951206 . Ce panneau 1 comporte :

  • une face avant extérieure 2 ;
  • une face arrière externe 3, et une face arrière interne 30 ;
  • deux faces latérales externes 4, 5 ;
  • deux faces latérales internes 40, 50
  • un évidement 60 est pratiqué à l'intérieur du panneau, destiné à recevoir un liant hydraulique durcissable et/ou un élément mécanique de renfort.
If we now refer to Figures 1A and 1B , we can see the schematic representation of a construction panel 1, for example of expanded polystyrene, as described in the patent application published under the number FR2951206 . This panel 1 comprises:
  • an outer front face 2;
  • an external rear face 3, and an internal rear face 30;
  • two external lateral faces 4, 5;
  • two internal side faces 40, 50
  • a recess 60 is formed inside the panel, intended to receive a hardenable hydraulic binder and / or a mechanical reinforcing element.

L'évidement 60 est obtenu par découpage avec un fil chauffé, par exemple, par le biais d'une résistance électrique, des technologies généralement connues par l'homme du métier pour la découpe de ce type de matériau. Le tracé de la découpe est illustré sur la Figure 1A par des flèches. On remarquera que la ligne de découpe partant de la face avant extérieure 2 s'étend selon une ligne droite jusqu'à une face avant intérieure du futur évidement. Ensuite, le fil passe dans le sens anti-horaire, en effectuant une coupe dans la masse du matériau isolant, qui fond au passage du fil chauffé, pour ressortir à nouveau sur la face avant extérieure 2. On dégage le matériau découpé, ce qui laisse un évidement traversant le panneau selon une épaisseur ou longueur désirée. Comme on peut le constater à la Figure 1B, la découpe, quand bien même qu'elle soit précise, laisse néanmoins un espace 6, ici représenté à une échelle agrandie pour les besoins de l'illustration, parce qu'il est impossible de faire ressortir le fil à exactement le même endroit auquel il est entré dans le panneau. Cet espace est de manière générale rempli de débris de découpe, par exemple une feuille assez mince de matériau isolant, et telle que représentée à la Figure 3. L'épaisseur d'une telle feuille est de l'ordre de 5/100e à 10/100e de millimètre, et extrêmement difficile à enlever, nécessitant un enlèvement à la main, très chronophage. En effet, le matériau ne peut être laissé à l'intérieur de l'espace, car il aurait tendance à servir de plaque de glissement entre les deux faces de la ligne de découpe, lorsque l'on remplit l'évidement avec le liant hydraulique, par exemple, le béton, facilitant le déplacement d'une partie du panneau par rapport à un autre du fait de la pression ou contre-poussée exercée par le liant hydraulique. C'est pour cette raison que dans la pratique, l'on tente de combler l'espace avec un produit de rebouchage, par exemple une colle de polyuréthane, mais ce rebouchage s'avère difficile dans la pratique, génère un pont thermique entre les faces de la ligne de découpe, et en plus peut néanmoins provoquer la rupture du panneau lors de l'introduction du liant hydraulique, du fait des interactions entre la colle et les surfaces de la ligne de découpe en matériau isolant.The recess 60 is obtained by cutting with a heated wire, for example, by means of an electrical resistance, technologies generally known to those skilled in the art for cutting this type of material. The outline of the cut is illustrated on the Figure 1A by arrows. Note that the cutting line from the outer front face 2 extends in a straight line to an inner front face of the future recess. Then, the wire passes counterclockwise, making a cut in the mass of the insulating material, which melts as the heated wire passes, to come out again on the outer front face 2. The cut material is released, which leaves a recess passing through the panel according to a desired thickness or length. As can be seen from the Figure 1B , cutting, when although it is precise, nevertheless leaves a space 6, here represented on an enlarged scale for the purposes of illustration, because it is impossible to bring out the wire at exactly the same place where it entered sign. This space is generally filled with cutting debris, for example a fairly thin sheet of insulating material, and as shown in FIG. Figure 3 . The thickness of such a sheet is of the order of 5/100 th to 10/100 th of a millimeter, and extremely difficult to remove, requiring removal by hand, very time consuming. Indeed, the material cannot be left inside the space, because it would tend to serve as a sliding plate between the two faces of the cutting line, when the recess is filled with the hydraulic binder , for example, concrete, making it easier to move one part of the panel relative to another due to the pressure or counter-pressure exerted by the hydraulic binder. It is for this reason that in practice, an attempt is made to fill the space with a filling product, for example a polyurethane adhesive, but this filling proves difficult in practice, generates a thermal bridge between the faces of the cutting line, and in addition may nevertheless cause the panel to break during the introduction of the hydraulic binder, due to the interactions between the adhesive and the surfaces of the cutting line made of insulating material.

En se tournant maintenant vers la Figure 2, on peut voir sensiblement le même panneau 1 de construction, muni du même évidement 60, et les faces externes 2, 3, 4, 5 et internes 30, 40, 50. La différence principale réside dans le fait que la ligne de découpe n'est pas une ligne droite, mais que celle-ci est configurée pour former des moyens de blocage internes isothermes. En effet, la ligne de découpe dans le panneau selon l'invention et telle qu'exemplifiée à la Figure 2, démarre à droite d'une ligne droite virtuelle qui relierait la face avant extérieure et l'angle avant entre la face latérale et la face avant intérieures de l'évidement. Cette ligne de découpe selon l'invention décrit plusieurs angles 7, 8, 9, dans ce cas précis, des angles droits, formant ainsi une queue 10 et une tête 11 en matériau isolant. La tête 11 est une projection sensiblement orthogonale de la queue 10, c'est-à-dire qu'elle se prolonge sensiblement de manière perpendiculaire à la direction de prolongement de la queue 10. Cette projection de matériau est poussée par le liant hydraulique lorsque ce dernier est introduit dans l'évidement, pour venir se plaquer contre une face interne de la ligne de découpe. La queue 10 se déplace également légèrement avec la contre-poussée du liant hydraulique lorsque celui-ci est introduit dans l'évidement, sans toutefois se briser, car la queue présente une épaisseur adaptée pour résister à une telle pression. Comme les deux matériaux isolants sont les mêmes, c'est-à-dire celui de la face interne de la ligne de découpe et celui de la tête, et comme il n'y a pas de rupture de matériau entre les deux parties, le matériau étant continu, aucun pont thermique n'est créé. Tout au plus existe-t-il une couche d'air statique, qui est prise en sandwich d'une part par la queue 10 et la tête 11, et d'autre part par la face interne de la ligne de découpe.Turning now to the Figure 2 , we can see substantially the same construction panel 1, provided with the same recess 60, and the external faces 2, 3, 4, 5 and internal 30, 40, 50. The main difference lies in the fact that the cutting line n is not a straight line, but that it is configured to form internal isothermal blocking means. Indeed, the cutting line in the panel according to the invention and as exemplified in the Figure 2 , starts to the right of a virtual straight line which would connect the external front face and the front angle between the lateral face and the internal front face of the recess. This cutting line according to the invention describes several angles 7, 8, 9, in this specific case, right angles, thus forming a tail 10 and a head 11 made of insulating material. The head 11 is a substantially orthogonal projection of the tail 10, that is to say it extends substantially perpendicularly to the direction of extension of the tail 10. This projection of material is pushed by the hydraulic binder when the latter is introduced into the recess, to press against an internal face of the cutting line. The tail 10 also moves slightly with the counter-thrust of the hydraulic binder when the latter is introduced into the recess, without however breaking, because the tail has a thickness adapted to withstand such pressure. As the two insulating materials are the same, i.e. that of the internal face of the cutting line and that of the head, and as there is no rupture of material between the two parts, the material being continuous, no thermal bridge is created. At most, there is a layer of static air, which is sandwiched on the one hand by the tail 10 and the head 11, and on the other hand by the internal face of the cutting line.

Selon une variante du panneau de l'invention, on peut prévoir, à la place d'angles droits, une ligne de découpe présentant une queue 10 et une tête présentant une partie arrondie, avec un rayon de courbure ou en arc de cercle. D'autres configurations sont naturellement également possibles, la seule contrainte étant qu'il y ait blocage entre les éléments découpés et une face interne de la ligne de découpe, de manière à former les moyens de blocage, sans création de pont thermique.According to a variant of the panel of the invention, it is possible to provide, in place of right angles, a cutting line having a tail 10 and a head having a rounded part, with a radius of curvature or in an arc of a circle. Other configurations are of course also possible, the only constraint being that there is blockage between the cut elements and an internal face of the cutting line, so as to form the blocking means, without creating a thermal bridge.

Claims (18)

  1. Insulating material panel (1), provided with a cavity (60) made in said panel (1) and extending through the thickness of the latter, said cavity (60) being adapted in size and volume to receive a hardenable hydraulic binder and/or a mechanical reinforcement member, the cavity (60) being connected to the line of a cut provided in a first external face (2) of the panel extending to an internal face of the cavity, characterised in that said panel includes, starting from said first external face (2) of the panel towards the other diametrically opposite face (3), internal isothermal blocking means resistant to the pressure exerted by the hardenable hydraulic binder, which extend from said external first face (2) inwardly into the panel towards the other diametrically opposite face (3), and wherein the internal isothermal blocking means (7, 8, 9) resistant to the pressure exerted by the hardenable hydraulic binder are made up of the line of the cut provided in the first external face (2) of the panel and extending to an internal face of the cavity (60).
  2. Insulating material panel according to claim 1, wherein the line of the cut does not define a straight line beginning at the first external face (2) and extending toward the internal face of the cavity (60).
  3. Insulating material panel according to any one of preceding claims 1 or 2, wherein the line of the cut of the internal isothermal blocking means (7, 8, 9) includes at least one internal blocking angle located along the line between the first external face (2) and the internal face of the cavity (60).
  4. Insulating material panel according to claim 3, wherein the internal blocking angle is comprised between about 5° to about 340°, preferably between 30° to 90°.
  5. Insulating material panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the line of the cut of the internal isothermal blocking means (7, 8, 9) includes at least a part having a radius of curvature or an arc of a circle, located along the line between the first external face (2) and the internal face of the cavity (60) .
  6. Insulating material panel according to claim 5, wherein the part having a radius of curvature or an arc of a circle has a radius of curvature comprised between about 90° and about 180°.
  7. Insulating material panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the line of the cut of the internal isothermal blocking means (7, 8, 9) begins on the first external face (2) of the panel at a point offset from a straight virtual line of a cut that is the shortest distance between the external face (2) of the panel and the nearest inner face of the cavity (60).
  8. Insulating material panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the line of the cut of the internal isothermal blocking means (7, 8, 9) exits on an inner lateral face (40, 50) of the cavity (60), preferably at a right angle formed by said lateral face (40, 50) with the rear face (30) of the cavity.
  9. Insulating material panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the line of the cut of the internal isothermal blocking means (7, 8, 9) defines an internal projection (10, 11) of continuous insulating material, including a tail (10) extending from the external face and a blocking head (11).
  10. Panel according to claim 9, wherein the tail (10) is made up of insulating material and is defined by a lateral face of the cavity and the line of the cut, and has a thickness less than or equal to a third of the largest dimension of the cavity.
  11. Insulating material panel according to claim 9, wherein the head (11) is made up of insulating material, and extends from the tail (10) in a direction that is substantially orthogonal to the direction of the line of the cut.
  12. Insulating material panel according to claim 9, wherein the head (11) has a thickness less than or equal to the thickness of the tail(10), and preferably between 5 mm and 7 cm.
  13. Insulating material panel according to claim 9, wherein the tail (10) and the head (11) together form the internal isothermal blocking means having a hemispherical shaped segment, the curved part of the hemispherical segment extending in a direction substantially opposite to an internal lateral face (40, 50) of the cavity.
  14. Insulating material panel according to any one of the preceding claims, having a thickness comprised between 150 mm and 1200 mm.
  15. Insulating material panel according to any one of the preceding claims 9 to 14, wherein the tail (10) has a minimum thickness of 5 mm, preferably of 50 mm.
  16. Insulating material panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the panel includes a static layer of air along the line of the cut between two internal faces and corresponding to the the line of the cut having a thickness of approximately 3/10ths of a millimetre.
  17. Insulating material panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the maximum dimension of the cavity (60) is comprised between about 10 % to 40 %, and preferably is 33 %, of the distance between the external face (2) of the panel in which the line of the cut is provided and the internal face of the cavity at which said line of the cut exits.
  18. Insulating material panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulating material is expanded polystyrene.
EP12809294.7A 2012-10-12 2012-10-12 Construction panel made from an insulating material Active EP2909390B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FR2012/000415 WO2014057175A1 (en) 2012-10-12 2012-10-12 Construction panel made from an insulating material

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2909390A1 EP2909390A1 (en) 2015-08-26
EP2909390B1 true EP2909390B1 (en) 2020-03-25
EP2909390B8 EP2909390B8 (en) 2020-04-29

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WO (1) WO2014057175A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3456895B1 (en) * 2017-09-19 2021-11-10 DiHa Patentverwertungs GbR Wall provided with concrete supports and method for the construction of such a wall

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT291498B (en) * 1965-11-12 1971-07-12 Markus Ing Stracke Component
DE2156006A1 (en) * 1971-11-11 1973-07-26 Fred Konzuch CONCRETE FRAMEWORK (DIAGONAL ARRANGEMENT) WITH HARD FOAM OR. LIGHTWEIGHT FORMING ELEMENTS WHICH ARE FILLING, PLASTERING AND INSULATING PARTS AT THE SAME TIME
RO123373B1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2011-11-30 Laurenţiu-Dumitru Breaz Modular elements, lattice, bearing structure, construction and process for making the same
RO123557B1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2013-08-30 Laurenţiu-Dumitru Breaz Modular element, network, bearing structure and construction made therewith
FR2951206A1 (en) 2009-10-13 2011-04-15 Christophe Portugues Prefabricated composite panel for constructing wall, roof panel and floor of building i.e. house, has solid core whose faces are covered with ceramics or cement layer, and plate formed with core and arranged in center part of insulator

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Title
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EP2909390A1 (en) 2015-08-26
WO2014057175A1 (en) 2014-04-17

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