EP2907945B1 - Communication devices - Google Patents

Communication devices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2907945B1
EP2907945B1 EP15155321.1A EP15155321A EP2907945B1 EP 2907945 B1 EP2907945 B1 EP 2907945B1 EP 15155321 A EP15155321 A EP 15155321A EP 2907945 B1 EP2907945 B1 EP 2907945B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit board
printed circuit
transceiver
antenna
radiating element
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EP15155321.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2907945A1 (en
Inventor
Anatoli Stobbe
Andreas Werner
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Astra Gesellschaft fuer Asset Management mbH and Co KG
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Astra Gesellschaft fuer Asset Management mbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2907945A1 publication Critical patent/EP2907945A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00944—Details of construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a communication device according to the preambles of independent claims 1 and 2.
  • a stationary communication device is preferably housed in existing components of a handle or a locking plate of a door to be secured in order to use these as a housing for attachment to a door and for protection against external influences in a cavity of the existing components.
  • This comprises a first housing and a second housing which is connected to the first housing in an openable and closable manner by a hinge, a first conductor part which is arranged on the first housing, a second conductor part and an antenna element which are arranged on the second housing, and an antenna switching part that combines the first conductor part, the second conductor part and the antenna element as a dipole antenna when the first housing and the second housings are in an open state, and makes the antenna element act as a monopole antenna when the first conductor and the second conductor are in a closed state. Only ground conductors of the circuit boards are used as components of the antenna, but not electronic components.
  • the transceiver has first and second distinct areas.
  • the first area contains the transmitter and receiver and the second area contains the power supply.
  • the two areas each have a conductive metallic sheath.
  • the metallic coverings of the areas and the connecting lines serve as an antenna.
  • An antenna system for a lock cylinder in which the cylinder profile and/or the rotatable cylinder core and/or the lock bit are used as an active antenna pole and at the same time there is a negative ground plane inside an electrically insulated container which is positively connected to the cylinder housing and serves as a counterweight for electromagnetic wave propagation.
  • the foldable wireless device and antenna includes a first housing and a second housing that is pivotally connected.
  • a circuit board associated with the wireless device includes a first PCB in the first housing and a second PCB in the second housing.
  • the first and second PCBs function as first and second radiating plates, respectively.
  • a gap generally aligned with the pivot joint, separates the first and second PCBs.
  • a short is provided that traverses the gap and connects the first and second circuit boards.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a communication device in such a way that a good antenna efficiency is achieved, taking into account the mechanical dimensions and the metallic material of the housing.
  • This task is performed at a communication facility. solved according to the preamble of claim 1 by the features of this claim.
  • radiator elements consist of electrically conductive components that are present anyway.
  • conductive components of the circuit board of the transceiver are used at the same time as radiator elements of a dipole or monopole.
  • Conductive components are printed conductors, passive and active electrical and electronic components that are in contact with them components and conductive assembly parts.
  • a further radiator element of the dipole or counterpoise of the monopole are similarly conductive components of at least one further printed circuit board and/or a housing or housing part.
  • the radiating element Due to the greater capacitance per unit length of the conductive components of the printed circuit boards and/or the housing or housing part compared to a wire-shaped design of the radiating element with the same length dimensions, the radiating element is already electrically lengthened due to its larger surface area, so that fewer additional measures are then required for tuning to the resonant frequency impedance matching is required. In addition, there is no need to keep separate radiator elements at a distance from the conductive components of the printed circuit board in order to avoid excessive attenuation and detuning of the antenna.
  • the poles of the antenna output and input of the transceiver are coupled at least at high frequency to the respective conductive components.
  • the high-frequency coupling is necessary to transfer high-frequency electrical energy between the transceiver and the antenna. This does not necessarily require a mechanical or galvanic connection.
  • the dimensions of the antenna are less than % of the wavelength and the transceiver is coupled to the antenna through an impedance match.
  • Impedance matching is an inductance
  • the impedance matching can be arranged directly on the printed circuit board on which the transceiver is located and/or on the printed circuit board on which the further radiating element or the counterpoise are arranged.
  • the transceiver can be arranged on a standardized printed circuit board with a uniform design of the impedance matching component, and different geometries of the second printed circuit board and the housing can be compensated for by an additional impedance matching arrangement on the second printed circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board can be plugged into another printed circuit board or a radiator or a counterweight.
  • the further radiator element can be connected galvanically or capacitively to the conductive housing.
  • the housing with its large capacitance per unit length is included as a further radiating component in one of the radiating elements.
  • the components connected or coupled to conductive components of the printed circuit board are both electronic and electrical as well as mechanical electrically conductive components and are therefore part of the radiator elements.
  • the printed circuit board of the transceiver and the additional printed circuit board can be in a knob of a door fitting be attached, the printed circuit board of the transceiver being arranged near an inner side of an end face of the knob at its free end facing away from the door lock, and the further printed circuit board, which carries an electronic circuit for controlling the door lock, being arranged between the printed circuit board of the transceiver and the door lock , wherein the end face of the knob consists of a window permeable to electromagnetic waves and the remaining part of the knob is the electrically conductive housing part.
  • the circuit board of the transceiver and the further circuit board can be mounted in a shield or rosette of a door fitting, the circuit board of the transceiver being arranged near an inner side of a window permeable to electromagnetic waves in the shield or rosette and the remaining part of the shield or the rosette is the electrically conductive housing part.
  • an electric antenna is implemented, the radiating elements of which are integrated in the knob, in the plate or in the rosette of a door fitting. Since the electric field components of the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the radiating elements predominate in an electric antenna, in contrast to a magnetic antenna, there must not be complete shielding.
  • a transparent window combines mechanical protection with a break in shielding, allowing the radiating element to radiate and receive high-frequency electrical energy.
  • a UHF transceiver 10 is connected with its one antenna connection pole, the ground connection, to a radiator element element 16 and with its other antenna connection pole 12 via an impedance matching consisting of a first inductance 14 and a second inductance 15 to a counterpoise 18 of a monopole antenna.
  • the transceiver can be arranged with its first inductance 14 on a standardized first printed circuit board 20, and an additional inductance 15 on the second printed circuit board 22 can be used to compensate for different geometries of the second printed circuit board 22 and the housing 24 will.
  • the antenna forms a complex load that can be understood as a series connection of an ohmic input resistance RE and a capacitive load CE.
  • the capacitive load CE is formed by a capacitance C1 between two printed circuit boards 20, 22 and a capacitive load C2, C3 between the respective printed circuit board 20, 22 and a housing 24.
  • a window of the housing that is permeable to high-frequency electromagnetic fields 24-lying printed circuit board 20 has the capacitance C2 relative to the housing 24, and a printed circuit board 22 located deeper in the housing 24 has the capacitance C3 relative to the housing 24.
  • C3 is both larger than C1 and larger than C2.
  • a galvanic connection 23 is also possible instead of the capacitance C3.
  • the transceiver with its active and passive components is located on a first printed circuit board 20 close to a Window 26 in the housing 24 and an evaluation circuit with active and passive components on a second printed circuit board 22.
  • the first printed circuit board 20 with conductor tracks, active and passive components and conductive fastening means forms a radiator 16 and the second printed circuit board 22 also with conductor tracks, active and passive components and conductive fastening means forms a counterweight 18. This counterweight is increased capacitively by C3 or by a galvanic connection 23 through the housing 24 itself.
  • the printed circuit boards 20, 22 are coupled to one another in terms of low frequency by means of plug connections 28, conductors 30 and passive components, but are decoupled in terms of high frequency.
  • An exception is the output of the transceiver, which is decoupled in terms of low frequency and coupled in terms of high frequency.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kommunikationseinrichtung nach den Oberbegriffen der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 2.The invention relates to a communication device according to the preambles of independent claims 1 and 2.

Kommunikationseinrichtungen als Bestandteil einer Zugangskontrolle übertragen u. a. Identinformationen über kurze Entfernungen. Eine stationäre Kommunikationseinrichtung wird bevorzugt in vorhandenen Komponenten einer Handhabe oder einem Schließblech einer zu sichernden Tür untergebracht, um in einem Hohlraum der vorhandenen Komponenten diese als Gehäuse zur Befestigung an einer Tür und zum Schutz gegen äußere Einwirkungen zu nutzen.Transmission of communication devices as part of an access control u. Identification information over short distances. A stationary communication device is preferably housed in existing components of a handle or a locking plate of a door to be secured in order to use these as a housing for attachment to a door and for protection against external influences in a cavity of the existing components.

Aufgrund der geringen mechanischen Abmessungen und des üblicherweise metallischen Werkstoffes des Gehäuses ist eine Integration von Antennen für den UHF-Frequenzbereich, vornehmlich in einem Frequenzbereich über 400 MHz, schwer auszuführen und lässt nur einen geringen Antennenwirkungsgrad erwarten.Due to the small mechanical dimensions and the usually metallic material of the housing, it is difficult to integrate antennas for the UHF frequency range, primarily in a frequency range above 400 MHz, and only a low antenna efficiency can be expected.

Aus der US 2012/0001822 A1 ist ein drahtloses Kommunikationsgerät bekannt.From the U.S. 2012/0001822 A1 a wireless communication device is known.

Dieses umfasst ein erstes Gehäuse sowie ein zweites Gehäuse, das durch ein Scharnier öffnebar und schließbar mit dem ersten Gehäuse verbunden ist, einen ersten Leiterteil, der an dem ersten Gehäuse angeordnet ist, einen zweiten Leiterteil und ein Antennenelement die an dem zweiten Gehäuse angeordnet sind, und ein Antennenschaltteil, das den ersten Leiterteil, den zweiten Leiterteil und das Antennenelement als Dipolantenne kombiniert, wenn das erste Gehäuse und das zweite Gehäuse in einem offenen Zustand sind, und lässt das Antennenelement als eine Monopolantenne wirken, wenn sich der erste Leiter und der zweite Leiter in einem geschlossenen Zustand befinden. Als Bestandteile der Antenne dienen ausschließlich Masseleiter der Schaltungsplatinen aber nicht elektronische Bauelemente.This comprises a first housing and a second housing which is connected to the first housing in an openable and closable manner by a hinge, a first conductor part which is arranged on the first housing, a second conductor part and an antenna element which are arranged on the second housing, and an antenna switching part that combines the first conductor part, the second conductor part and the antenna element as a dipole antenna when the first housing and the second housings are in an open state, and makes the antenna element act as a monopole antenna when the first conductor and the second conductor are in a closed state. Only ground conductors of the circuit boards are used as components of the antenna, but not electronic components.

Aus der DE 697 19 139 T2 ist eine Antennenvorrichtung mit einem Transceiver zum Ausstrahlen und/oder Empfangen von Funksignalen bekannt. Der Transceiver hat erste und zweite unterschiedliche Bereiche. Der erste Bereich enthält Sender und Empfänger und der zweite Bereich enthält die Stromversorgung. Die beiden Bereiche weisen jeweils eine leitfähige metallische Umhüllung auf. Zwischen den beiden Einheiten und der Stromversorgung besteht eine elektrische Verbindungsanordnung. Jede Einheit ist durch Filter im Niederfrequenzband gegen unerwünschte Resonanzen abgeblockt. Die metallischen Umhüllungen der Bereiche und die Verbindungsleitungen dienen als Antenne.From the DE 697 19 139 T2 an antenna device with a transceiver for transmitting and/or receiving radio signals is known. The transceiver has first and second distinct areas. The first area contains the transmitter and receiver and the second area contains the power supply. The two areas each have a conductive metallic sheath. There is an electrical connection arrangement between the two units and the power supply. Each unit is blocked from unwanted resonances by filters in the low-frequency band. The metallic coverings of the areas and the connecting lines serve as an antenna.

Aus der WO 2011/141058 A1 ist ein Antennensystem für einen elektronischen oder mechatroronischen Schließzylinder mit zwei Knäufen bekannt, wobei zwei dielektrisch leitfähige Knäufe, welche form- und/oder kraftschlüssig mit einem Zylinderkern verbunden sind, unmittelbar als aktive Antennenpole ausgebildet sind und mindestens ein Teil des Schließzylinders als elektrisches Gleichgewicht ausgebildet ist, wobei die Knäufe und das elektrische Gegengewicht zueinander elektrisch isoliert angeordnet sind.From the WO 2011/141058 A1 An antenna system for an electronic or mechatroronical lock cylinder with two knobs is known, with two dielectrically conductive knobs, which are positively and/or non-positively connected to a cylinder core, being designed directly as active antenna poles and at least part of the locking cylinder being designed as an electrical balance , wherein the knobs and the electrical counterweight are arranged electrically insulated from one another.

Aus der DE 10 2009 016 410 A1 ist ein Antennensystem für einen Schließzylinder bekannt, wobei das Zylinderprofil und/oder der drehbare Zylinderkern und/oder der Schließbart als aktiver Antennenpol verwendet werden und gleichzeitig eine Minus-Massefläche im Inneren eines elektrisch isolierten Behältnisses vorhanden ist, welches mit dem Zylindergehäuse formschlüssig verbunden ist und als Gegengewicht für eine elektromagnetische Wellenausbreitung dient.From the DE 10 2009 016 410 A1 An antenna system for a lock cylinder is known, in which the cylinder profile and/or the rotatable cylinder core and/or the lock bit are used as an active antenna pole and at the same time there is a negative ground plane inside an electrically insulated container which is positively connected to the cylinder housing and serves as a counterweight for electromagnetic wave propagation.

Aus der US 2007/0176830 A1 ist eine Antenne für ein faltbares drahtloses Gerät bekannt. Das faltbare drahtlose Gerät und die Antenne umfassen ein erstes Gehäuse und ein zweites Gehäuse, das schwenkbar verbunden ist. Eine dem drahtlosen Gerät zugeordnete Leiterplatte umfasst eine erste PCB im ersten Gehäuse und eine zweite PCB im zweiten Gehäuse. Die erste und zweite PCB funktionieren als erste bzw. zweite Strahlungsplatte. Eine Lücke, die im Allgemeinen mit der Drehverbindung ausgerichtet ist, trennt die erste und die zweite PCB. Ein Kurzschluss wird bereitgestellt, der die Lücke durchquert und die erste und die zweite Leiterplatte verbindet.From the U.S. 2007/0176830 A1 an antenna for a foldable wireless device is known. The foldable wireless device and antenna includes a first housing and a second housing that is pivotally connected. A circuit board associated with the wireless device includes a first PCB in the first housing and a second PCB in the second housing. The first and second PCBs function as first and second radiating plates, respectively. A gap, generally aligned with the pivot joint, separates the first and second PCBs. A short is provided that traverses the gap and connects the first and second circuit boards.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kommunikationseinrichtung dahingehend auszugestalten, dass unter Berücksichtigung der mechanischen Abmessungen und des metallischen Werkstoffes des Gehäuses ein guter Antennenwirkungsgrad erzielt wird.The invention is based on the object of designing a communication device in such a way that a good antenna efficiency is achieved, taking into account the mechanical dimensions and the metallic material of the housing.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Kommunikationseinrichtung. nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 durch die Merkmale dieses Anspruchs gelöst.This task is performed at a communication facility. solved according to the preamble of claim 1 by the features of this claim.

Weiterbildungen und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further developments and advantageous refinements result from the dependent claims.

Während üblicherweise an Antennenanschlüsse eines Transceivers eine Antenne mit separaten Strahlerelementen angeschlossen wird, werden bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kommunikationseinrichtung keine separaten Strahlerelemente benötigt. Vielmehr bestehen die Strahlerelemente aus ohnehin vorhandenen elektrisch leitfähigen Komponenten. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung werden daher leitfähige Komponenten der Leiterplatte des Transceivers gleichzeitig als Strahlerelemente eines Dipols oder Monopols genutzt. Leitfähige Komponenten sind Leiterbahnen, damit kontaktierte passive und aktive elektrische und elektronische Bauelemente sowie leitende Montageteile. Ein weiteres Strahlerelement des Dipols oder Gegengewicht des Monopols sind analog leitfähige Komponenten wenigstens einer weiteren Leiterplatte und/oder eines Gehäuses oder Gehäuseteils. Durch den gegenüber einer drahtförmigen Ausführung des Strahlerelements größeren Kapazitätsbelag der leitfähigen Komponenten der Leiterplatten und/oder des Gehäuses oder Gehäuseteils bei gleichen Längenabmessungen wird das Strahlerelement bereits durch seine größere flächige Ausdehnung elektrisch verlängert, so dass für eine Abstimmung auf die Resonanzfrequenz dann geringere zusätzliche Maßnahmen für eine Impedanzanpassung erforderlich sind. Darüber hinaus kann darauf verzichtet werden, gesonderte Strahlerelemente nachmals auf Abstand von den leitfähigen Komponenten der Leiterplatte zu halten, um eine zu große Dämpfung und Verstimmung der Antenne zu vermeiden.While an antenna with separate radiating elements is usually connected to the antenna connections of a transceiver, no separate radiating elements are required in the communication device according to the invention. Rather, the radiator elements consist of electrically conductive components that are present anyway. In the solution according to the invention, therefore, conductive components of the circuit board of the transceiver are used at the same time as radiator elements of a dipole or monopole. Conductive components are printed conductors, passive and active electrical and electronic components that are in contact with them components and conductive assembly parts. A further radiator element of the dipole or counterpoise of the monopole are similarly conductive components of at least one further printed circuit board and/or a housing or housing part. Due to the greater capacitance per unit length of the conductive components of the printed circuit boards and/or the housing or housing part compared to a wire-shaped design of the radiating element with the same length dimensions, the radiating element is already electrically lengthened due to its larger surface area, so that fewer additional measures are then required for tuning to the resonant frequency impedance matching is required. In addition, there is no need to keep separate radiator elements at a distance from the conductive components of the printed circuit board in order to avoid excessive attenuation and detuning of the antenna.

Die Pole des Antennenaus- und -eingangs des Transceivers sind mit den jeweiligen leitfähigen Komponenten wenigstens hochfrequent gekoppelt. Die hochfrequente Kopplung ist nötig, um hochfrequente elektrische Energie zwischen dem Transceiver und der Antenne zu übertragen. Dazu bedarf es nicht zwingend einer mechanischen oder galvanischen Verbindung.The poles of the antenna output and input of the transceiver are coupled at least at high frequency to the respective conductive components. The high-frequency coupling is necessary to transfer high-frequency electrical energy between the transceiver and the antenna. This does not necessarily require a mechanical or galvanic connection.

Die Abmessungen der Antenne sind kleiner als % der Wellenlänge und der Transceiver ist mit der Antenne über eine Impedanzanpassung gekoppelt.The dimensions of the antenna are less than % of the wavelength and the transceiver is coupled to the antenna through an impedance match.

Dadurch lässt sich der Transceiver reflexionsfrei an die Antenne anpassen.This allows the transceiver to be adapted to the antenna without reflection.

Die Impedanzanpassung ist eine Induktivität.Impedance matching is an inductance.

Diese ermöglicht, eine niedrige Eingangs- und Ausgangsimpedanz des Transceivers an eine mechanisch gegenüber der Resonanzwellenlänge kurze Antenne anzupassen. Außerdem wird ein kapazitiver Anteil der Antenne kompensiert und durch die Tiefpasseigenschaft ein Oberwellenanteil gedämpft.This makes it possible to adapt a low input and output impedance of the transceiver to an antenna that is mechanically short compared to the resonance wavelength. In addition, a capacitive component of the antenna is compensated and a harmonic component is dampened by the low-pass filter.

Die Impedanzanpassung kann unmittelbar auf der Leiterplatte angeordnet sein, auf der sich der Transceiver befindet, und/oder auf der Leiterplatte, auf der das weitere Strahlerelement oder das Gegengewicht angeordnet sind.The impedance matching can be arranged directly on the printed circuit board on which the transceiver is located and/or on the printed circuit board on which the further radiating element or the counterpoise are arranged.

Durch die Anordnungsmöglichkeiten kann die für einen maximalen Antennenwirkungsgrad günstigste Position und Bemessung der Komponenten der Impedanzanpassung gewählt werden. Ferner kann der Transceiver auf einer standardisierten Leiterplatte mit einheitlicher Auslegung der Impedanzanpassungskomponente angeordnet werden und durch eine zusätzliche Impedanzanpassanordnung auf der zweiten Leiterplatte können unterschiedliche Geometrien der zweiten Leiterplatte und des Gehäuses kompensiert werden.Due to the arrangement options, the most favorable position and dimensioning of the impedance matching components can be selected for maximum antenna efficiency. Furthermore, the transceiver can be arranged on a standardized printed circuit board with a uniform design of the impedance matching component, and different geometries of the second printed circuit board and the housing can be compensated for by an additional impedance matching arrangement on the second printed circuit board.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung kann die Leiterplatte steckbar mit einer weiteren Leiterplatte oder einem Strahler oder einem Gegengewicht verbunden sein.According to a development, the printed circuit board can be plugged into another printed circuit board or a radiator or a counterweight.

Dadurch werden Montage-, Reparatur- und Wartungsarbeiten erleichtert.This makes assembly, repair and maintenance work easier.

Das weitere Strahlerelement kann galvanisch oder kapazitiv mit dem leitfähigen Gehäuse verbunden sein.The further radiator element can be connected galvanically or capacitively to the conductive housing.

Dadurch wird das Gehäuse mit seinem großen Kapazitätsbelag als weitere strahlende Komponente mit in eines der Strahlerelemente einbezogen.As a result, the housing with its large capacitance per unit length is included as a further radiating component in one of the radiating elements.

Die mit leitfähigen Komponenten der Leiterplatte verbundenen oder gekoppelten Bauteile sind sowohl elektronische und elektrische als auch mechanische elektrisch leitende Bauteile sind und damit Bestandteilen der Strahlerelemente.The components connected or coupled to conductive components of the printed circuit board are both electronic and electrical as well as mechanical electrically conductive components and are therefore part of the radiator elements.

Bei einer elektronischen Steuerung eines Türschlosses können die Leiterplatte des Transceivers und die weitere Leiterplatte in einem Knauf eines Türbeschlags befestigt sein, wobei die Leiterplatte des Transceivers nahe einer Innenseite einer Stirnfläche des Knaufs an dessen dem Türschloss abgewandten freien Ende angeordnet ist, und die weitere Leiterplatte, die eine elektronische Schaltung zur Steuerung des Türschlosses trägt, zwischen der Leiterplatte des Transceivers und dem Türschloss angeordnet ist, wobei die Stirnfläche des Knaufs aus einem für elektromagnetische Wellen durchlässigen Fenster besteht und der übrige Teil des Knaufs das elektrisch leitfähige Gehäuseteil ist.With an electronic control of a door lock, the printed circuit board of the transceiver and the additional printed circuit board can be in a knob of a door fitting be attached, the printed circuit board of the transceiver being arranged near an inner side of an end face of the knob at its free end facing away from the door lock, and the further printed circuit board, which carries an electronic circuit for controlling the door lock, being arranged between the printed circuit board of the transceiver and the door lock , wherein the end face of the knob consists of a window permeable to electromagnetic waves and the remaining part of the knob is the electrically conductive housing part.

Alternativ kann die Leiterplatte des Transceivers und die weitere Leiterplatte in einem Schild oder einer Rosette eines Türbeschlags befestigt sein, wobei die Leiterplatte des Transceivers nahe einer Innenseite eines für elektromagnetische Wellen durchlässigen Fensters im Schild oder in der Rosette angeordnet ist und der übrige Teil des Schilds oder der Rosette das elektrisch leitfähige Gehäuseteil ist.Alternatively, the circuit board of the transceiver and the further circuit board can be mounted in a shield or rosette of a door fitting, the circuit board of the transceiver being arranged near an inner side of a window permeable to electromagnetic waves in the shield or rosette and the remaining part of the shield or the rosette is the electrically conductive housing part.

In beiden Ausführungsformen ist eine elektrische Antenne realisiert, deren Strahlerelemente im Knauf, im Schild oder in der Rosette eines Türbeschlags integriert sind. Da bei einer elektrischen Antenne im Gegensatz zu einer magnetischen Antenne die elektrischen Feldanteile des elektromagnetischen Feldes in der Nähe der Strahlerelemente überwiegen, darf keine vollständige Abschirmung vorhanden sein. Mittels eines durchlässigen Fensters wird ein mechanischer Schutz mit einer Unterbrechung der Abschirmung kombiniert, so dass das Strahlerelement hochfrequente elektrische Energie abstrahlen und empfangen kann.In both embodiments, an electric antenna is implemented, the radiating elements of which are integrated in the knob, in the plate or in the rosette of a door fitting. Since the electric field components of the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the radiating elements predominate in an electric antenna, in contrast to a magnetic antenna, there must not be complete shielding. A transparent window combines mechanical protection with a break in shielding, allowing the radiating element to radiate and receive high-frequency electrical energy.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert, dass in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
zeigt ein Ersatzschaltbild der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine zylindrische Handhabe und
Fig. 3
zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch ein Schließblech.
The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment that is shown in the drawing. Show in it:
1
shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the invention,
2
shows a longitudinal section through a cylindrical handle and
3
shows a longitudinal section through a striking plate.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Ersatzschaltbild einer Kommunikationseinrichtung nach der Erfindung dargestellt. Ein UHF-Transceiver 10 ist mit seinem einen Antennenanschlusspol, dem Masseanschluss an ein Strahler Elementelement 16 und mit seinem anderen Antennenanschlusspol 12 über eine Impedanzanpassung aus einer ersten Induktivität 14 und einer zweite Induktivität 15 an ein Gegengewicht 18 einer Monopolantenne angeschlossen. Durch die Aufteilung der Impedanzanpassung in zwei Induktivitäten 14 und 15 kann der Transceiver mit seiner ersten Induktivität 14 auf einer standardisierten ersten Leiterplatte 20 angeordnet werden und durch eine zusätzliche Induktivität 15 auf der zweiten Leiterplatte 22 können unterschiedliche Geometrien der zweiten Leiterplatte 22 und des Gehäuses 24 kompensiert werden. Die Antenne bildet eine komplexe Last, die als der Serienschaltung eines ohmschen Eingangswiderstandes RE und einer kapazitiven Last CE aufgefasst werden kann.In 1 an equivalent circuit diagram of a communication device according to the invention is shown. A UHF transceiver 10 is connected with its one antenna connection pole, the ground connection, to a radiator element element 16 and with its other antenna connection pole 12 via an impedance matching consisting of a first inductance 14 and a second inductance 15 to a counterpoise 18 of a monopole antenna. By dividing the impedance matching into two inductances 14 and 15, the transceiver can be arranged with its first inductance 14 on a standardized first printed circuit board 20, and an additional inductance 15 on the second printed circuit board 22 can be used to compensate for different geometries of the second printed circuit board 22 and the housing 24 will. The antenna forms a complex load that can be understood as a series connection of an ohmic input resistance RE and a capacitive load CE.

Die kapazitive Last CE ist dabei durch eine Kapazität C1 zwischen zwei Leiterplatten 20, 22 gebildet, und jeweils einer kapazitiven Last C2, C3 zwischen der jeweiligen Leiterplatte 20, 22 und einem Gehäuse 24. Eine unmittelbar an einem für hochfrequente elektromagnetische Felder durchlässigen Fenster des Gehäuses 24 liegende Leiterplatte 20 weist gegenüber dem Gehäuse 24 die Kapazität C2 auf und eine tiefer im Gehäuse 24 befindliche Leiterplatte 22 weist gegenüber dem Gehäuse 24 die Kapazität C3 auf. Dabei ist C3 sowohl größer als C1 als auch größer als C2. Anstelle der Kapazität C3 ist auch eine galvanische Verbindung 23 möglich.The capacitive load CE is formed by a capacitance C1 between two printed circuit boards 20, 22 and a capacitive load C2, C3 between the respective printed circuit board 20, 22 and a housing 24. A window of the housing that is permeable to high-frequency electromagnetic fields 24-lying printed circuit board 20 has the capacitance C2 relative to the housing 24, and a printed circuit board 22 located deeper in the housing 24 has the capacitance C3 relative to the housing 24. C3 is both larger than C1 and larger than C2. A galvanic connection 23 is also possible instead of the capacitance C3.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 handelt es sich um eine Handhabe zur Betätigung einer Schließung und bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 3 um ein flaches Gehäuse, z. B. ein Schild. In beiden Ausführungen befindet sich der Transceiver mit seinen aktiven und passiven Bauelementen auf einer ersten Leiterplatte 20 nahe einem Fenster 26 im Gehäuse 24 und eine Auswerteschaltung mit aktiven und passiven Bauelementen auf einer zweiten Leiterplatte 22. Die erste Leiterplatte 20 mit Leiterbahnen, aktiven und passiven Bauelementen und leitenden Befestigungsmitteln bildet einen Strahler 16 und die zweite Leiterplatte 22 mit ebenfalls Leiterbahnen, aktiven und passiven Bauelementen und leitenden Befestigungsmitteln bildet ein Gegengewicht 18. Dieses Gegengewicht wird kapazitiv durch C3 oder durch eine galvanische Verbindung 23 noch durch das Gehäuse 24 selbst vergrößert.When running after 2 it is a handle for actuating a closure and in the execution according to 3 around a flat housing, e.g. a sign. In both versions, the transceiver with its active and passive components is located on a first printed circuit board 20 close to a Window 26 in the housing 24 and an evaluation circuit with active and passive components on a second printed circuit board 22. The first printed circuit board 20 with conductor tracks, active and passive components and conductive fastening means forms a radiator 16 and the second printed circuit board 22 also with conductor tracks, active and passive components and conductive fastening means forms a counterweight 18. This counterweight is increased capacitively by C3 or by a galvanic connection 23 through the housing 24 itself.

Untereinander sind die Leiterplatten 20, 22 durch Steckverbindungen 28, Leiter 30 und passive Bauelemente miteinander niederfrequenzmäßig gekoppelt, aber hochfrequenzmäßig entkoppelt. Eine Ausnahme bildet der Ausgang des Transceivers, der niederfrequenzmäßig entkoppelt und hochfrequenzmäßig gekoppelt ist.The printed circuit boards 20, 22 are coupled to one another in terms of low frequency by means of plug connections 28, conductors 30 and passive components, but are decoupled in terms of high frequency. An exception is the output of the transceiver, which is decoupled in terms of low frequency and coupled in terms of high frequency.

Claims (9)

  1. Communication device comprising a transceiver (10) and an antenna, wherein the transceiver (10) with its passive and active components is situated on a first printed circuit board (20) on which conductive tracks and electronic components are arranged, and the antenna is an electrical antenna which is designed as a monopole with one radiating element and one counterpoise, wherein the radiating element (16) of the monopole comprises conductive tracks on the first printed circuit board (20) and the counterpoise (18) of the monopole comprises conductive tracks on another, separate printed circuit board (22), characterized in that the radiating element (16) of the monopole additionally consists of the transceiver (10) with its active and passive components, which is situated on the first printed circuit board (20) close to a window (26) in a conductive housing (24), and additionally consists of active and passive components of the first printed circuit board (20) and conductive fastening means, and that the counterpoise (18) of the monopole additionally consists of electronic components of another electronic circuit which is arranged on another, separate printed circuit board (22) and of conductive fastening means, wherein the counterpoise (18) is extended capacitively or via a galvanic connection (23) to the conductive housing (24), wherein a first pole of the antenna output of the transceiver (10) is coupled to the radiating element (16) of the monopole and a second pole (12) of the antenna output of the transceiver (10) is coupled to the counterpoise (18) of the monopole via an impedance matching from a first inductance (14) and a second inductance (15) at least at high frequency, respectively, and wherein the dimensions of the radiating element (16) of the antenna are smaller than ¼ of the wavelength.
  2. Communication device comprising a transceiver (10) and an antenna, wherein the transceiver (10) with its passive and active components is situated on a first printed circuit board (20) on which conductive tracks and electronic components are arranged, and the antenna is an electrical antenna which is designed as a dipole with two radiating elements, wherein one radiating element (16) of the dipole comprises conductive tracks on the first printed circuit board (20) and another radiating element (18) of the dipole comprises conductive tracks on another, separate printed circuit board (22), characterized in that one radiating element (16) of the dipole additionally consists of the transceiver (10) with its active and passive components, which is situated on the first printed circuit board (20) close to a window (26) in a conductive housing (24), and additionally consists of active and passive components of the first printed circuit board (20) and conductive fastening means, and that the other radiating element (18) of the dipole additionally consists of active and passive components of another electronic circuit which are arranged on the other, separate printed circuit board (22), wherein a first pole of the antenna output of the transceiver (10) is coupled to one radiating element (16) of the dipole and a second pole (12) of the antenna output of the transceiver (10) is coupled to the other radiating element (18) of the dipole via an impedance matching from a first inductance (14) and a second inductance (15) at least at high frequency, respectively, and wherein the dimensions of the radiating elements (16, 18) of the antenna are smaller than ¼ of the wavelength.
  3. Communication device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the impedance matching is arranged either directly on the printed circuit board (20) on which the transceiver (10) is situated, or on the printed circuit board (22) on which the other radiating element (18) or the counterpoise (18) are arranged.
  4. Communication device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the impedance matching is arranged partly directly on the printed circuit board (20) on which the transceiver (10) is situated, and additionally on the printed circuit board (22) on which the other radiating element (18) or the counterpoise (18) are arranged.
  5. Communication device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first printed circuit board (20) is plug-connected to another printed circuit board (22) or to a radiating element or to a counterpoise.
  6. Communication device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that if a conductive housing (24) or housing part is present, the other radiating element is galvanically or capacitively connected to the conductive housing (24) or housing part.
  7. Communication device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the radiating elements additionally consist of electrical as well as mechanical electrically conductive components that are connected or coupled to conductive tracks or electronic components of the printed circuit board (20, 22).
  8. Door lock with electronic control of the door lock comprising a communication device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the printed circuit board (20) of the transceiver and the other printed circuit board (22) are fastened in a knob of a door fitting, wherein the printed circuit board (20) of the transceiver is arranged close to an inner side of a front face of the knob at the free end thereof facing away from the door lock, and the other printed circuit board (22), which bears an electronic circuit for controlling the door lock, is arranged between the printed circuit board (20) of the transceiver (10) and the door lock, wherein the front face of the knob consists of a window (26) permeable to electromagnetic waves and the remaining part of the knob is the electrically conductive housing part (24).
  9. Door lock with electronic control of the door lock comprising a communication device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the printed circuit board (20) of the transceiver and the other printed circuit board (22) are fastened in a plate or a rosette of a door fitting, wherein the printed circuit board (20) of the transceiver is located close to an inner side of a window (26) permeable to electromagnetic waves in the plate or rosette and the remaining part of the plate or rosette is the electrically conductive housing part (24).
EP15155321.1A 2014-02-17 2015-02-17 Communication devices Active EP2907945B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201420100688 DE202014100688U1 (en) 2014-02-17 2014-02-17 communicator

Publications (2)

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EP2907945A1 EP2907945A1 (en) 2015-08-19
EP2907945B1 true EP2907945B1 (en) 2022-06-15

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EP15155321.1A Active EP2907945B1 (en) 2014-02-17 2015-02-17 Communication devices

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EP (1) EP2907945B1 (en)
DE (1) DE202014100688U1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014005545U1 (en) * 2014-07-08 2015-10-09 Bks Gmbh Electronic locking device

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2754961B1 (en) * 1996-10-18 1998-11-27 Atral DEVICE FORMING ANTENNA FOR TRANSMITTING AND / OR RECEIVING RADIOELECTRIC SIGNALS
US7400302B2 (en) * 2006-01-30 2008-07-15 Centurion Wireless Technologies, Inc. Internal antenna for handheld mobile phones and wireless devices
DE102009016410A1 (en) * 2008-08-11 2010-02-18 SIMONS, Hans-Jürgen Antenna system for lock cylinder in mortice lock utilized for door furniture of building, has minus-ground surface provided inside electrically insulated container that is form-fittingly connected with housing that serves as counterweight
EP2569821A1 (en) * 2010-05-11 2013-03-20 Hennig, Holm Antenna system for a knob cylinder
JP2012015815A (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-19 Fujitsu Ltd Portable device

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EP2907945A1 (en) 2015-08-19

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