EP2898149B1 - Ship with lifting pillar segment for lifting of the ship - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a ship with at least one segmentable Schwimmkörperhubtelze for lifting the vessel above a water surface, wherein the Schwimmkörperheteilelze at least two or more Schwimmkörperhenteilszensegmente, and the Schwimmkörperheteilelzensegment a means for pressure in a pressure direction, a direction opposite to the pressure acting means for Zugaufnehmen and a Segment coupling receptacle and one of these opposite counter-segment coupling receptacle over which more Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente are flanged, has.

Installer ships have established themselves in the offshore wind energy industry. In order for these instal- lation vessels to be able to work from a fixed point, the instal- lation vessels are raised above lifting stilts so far that they are located above a water surface.

As a result, installer ships, also called jack-up ships or installation vessels, according to the prior art (see Fig. 1 ) have lifting stilts protruding from the ship. These permanently outstanding lifting stilts lead to unpleasant effects when driving the ship on the water. On the one hand, the energy requirement of the ships increases, since the lifting stilts are aerodynamically unfavorable. On the other hand, the ship is much more susceptible to lateral disturbances due to waves or winds. Erector ships with outstanding jack-up legs are unstable.

Furthermore, the lifting stilts and thus the lifting height of the ship are limited. This leads to such Installer ships have a maximum lifting height. This limits the depth of use because the maximum water depth is given. A later adjustment can not be done anymore.

In addition, a ship crane, as it is used in particular when lifting tower parts of a wind turbine, be limited in its area of application, since the lifting stilts "partially in the way".

The US 3,628,336 discloses a floating drilling rig having a plurality of vertically movable legs as a latticework structure of predetermined length, each leg consisting of a lower portion with three pins for connection to corresponding receptacles of an upper portion.

In the US 3,844,127 A is a floating, self-lifting oil rig with several movable two-part legs also described in lattice construction, which have three to four vertically arranged tubes. Each tube of a lower leg portion is connected by means of a connector with male and female element with the respective tube of the upper leg portion.

The US 3,699,688 A discloses a device in which by means of a rail-guided chassis cylindrical columns stacked to legs and then welded.

The WO 95/19472 A1 describes an offshore platform with fixed legs in a latticework construction and bottom connected support tank as a base stand, wherein for the juxtaposition of the leg segments, the four legs of a leg segment each have an upwardly directed pin.

The US 2,865,179 A discloses a drilling platform with legs of solid segments, one up each aligned pin and a lower receptacle, wherein the legs are held together by a horizontal grid structure and each having a wide base stand.

The object of the invention is to improve the state of the art.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, and in particular by a Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment, in particular for lifting ships or platforms, with a means for pressure pickup in a printing direction, an opposite to the printing direction acting means for Zugaufnahme and a Segmentkopplungsaufnahme and one of these opposing counter-segment coupling receptacle on the respective further Schwimmkörperhenteils are segments flanged, wherein the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment is configured such that a float to be lifted or carrying a mass of more than 100 tons, especially more than 1,000 tons, preferably more than 5,000 tons, most preferably of 10,000 tons, having 10,000 tons, and the counter-segment coupling receptacle has a pin as a longitudinal taper, so that in the case of a coupling of a first floating body segment and a second Schw a pressure due to a gravitational force of a floating or bearing float from the segment coupling receptacle of the first Schwimmkörperheteilelzensegmentes derivable on the segment coupling receptacle of the second Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmentes, wherein by the coupling the first Schwimmkörperhenteils and the second Schwimmkörperhenteils and / or further Schwimmkörperhenteils segments to a Schwimmkörperheteilelze (103) to each other be joined, so the Schwimmkörperhubtelze is always adaptable to a water depth.

The particularly advantageous to the proposed Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment is that Schwimmkörperhubtelzen for floating body with variable working height are available. In addition, the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente be loaded and stowed by their limited dimensions. In addition, all the above-mentioned disadvantages can be eliminated.

Furthermore, the lifting stilts and thus the lifting height of the ship are no longer limited in height. This results in that an erector ship can be provided, the lifting height is variable. The depths of use are no longer limited because the lifting stilts are adaptable to the depth of the water. A later adjustment can thus be done at any time.

The following concept is explained:
A "floating body" includes in particular erector ships, as they are used for the construction and maintenance of wind turbines. Furthermore, all working platforms or other ships are included at sea.

The "means for pressure absorption" are designed such that the pressure due to the weight of a body to be lifted can be derived, so that after pressurization, a shape fidelity of Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegments is ensured. In simple terms, this means that the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente are reusable without material fatigue occurs.

The "printing direction" is the direction in which the weight of the object to be lifted is to be discharged, for example, into the ground. Regularly, the printing direction corresponds to a direction of gravity.

The "means for Zugaufnehmen" are designed such that a lifting of Schwimmkörperhubtelzen can be done with floating body haunch segments coupled to each other, so that neither Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente lost or done damage to the Schwimmkörperhenteils segments.

The "segment coupling receptacle" and the "counter-segment coupling receptacle" allow the coupling of two floating body quarter segments. In particular, they are arranged relative to each other in such a way that coupling can be realized according to a key-lock principle.

In the simplest case, this can be done by having one floating body limb segment or both floating body limb segments each having a hole which can be connected to one another by a bolt. Also tongue and groove mechanisms or other coupling mechanisms such as by means of electromagnets are feasible.

By "flangeable" is to be understood a coupling of two Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente, which are reversibly solvable. At this point, reference is made to the above example with the bolt.

In a further embodiment, the floating hull segment of the ship of the invention has a segment length with a minimum length of 1.5 m, 3.5 m or 5 m and a maximum length of 5.5 m, 8.0 m, 11.0 m, 15, 0 m or 20.0 m and a segment width with a minimum width of 0.6 m, 0.8 m, 1.0 m or 1.2 m and a maximum width of 2.0 m, 3.5 m or 6 m ,

Thus, float hanger segments can be provided which can lift floats such as horseshoes over a water surface. Furthermore, it is guaranteed with these dimensions that Float Hubstelzensegment are well stowed in an erector ship, without very negative characteristics are given to the vehicle dynamics or fuel consumption.

In particular, the "segment length" comprises the vertically measured length of a floating body quarter segment, vertical in particular being parallel to the direction of the weight force. For the specified minimum lengths and maximum lengths, all combinations are included, so that different definition ranges result.

The "segment width" corresponds in particular to the distance value of a horizontal external expansion, wherein the minimum width and the maximum width can be combined in such a way that all regions that can be defined by combination are included.

In order to ensure the simplest possible implementation of the means for pressure absorption and coupling individual Schwimmkörperhenteils segments, the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment may have a longitudinal taper, so that a pin is formed.

In this case, the pin can in particular be designed such that a corresponding receptacle of a floating body toe pair segment to be coupled completely accommodates this pin.

In another embodiment, a tenon length is 20%, 30%, 45% or 49.9% of the segment length. Thus, it can be ensured that the entire journal length is receivable by a present Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment.

"Pintle length" corresponds to a vertical spacing which, measured from the taper, extends to the end of the peg.

In order to realize a simple skill shape, the floating body limp segment may have a base with a circular shape and / or a rectangular shape. Thus, it is in particular encompassed, for example, that the pin has a circular shape and the pin-receiving upper part of a floating body quarter segment is rectangular, the upper part having a circular receptacle for the pin.

The square shape also includes a square. In the present case, a circular form also means an elliptical shape, so that oval base surfaces are also included.

In order to save material, and thus weight, for the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment and to accommodate a pin completely, the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment can be configured as a hollow body, so that the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment has a wall thickness.

Furthermore, through the hollow body design a passage for cables and pipes can be realized by a Schwimmkörperhubtelze.

As "hollow body" includes all forms in which a cavity is limited by material. The material can encompass the entire area or lattice-shaped cavity.

As "wall thickness", in particular the horizontal distance between an (internal) cavity boundary and a Schwimmkörperhenteilselzensegmentgrenze considered, which is designed with the material.

In order to absorb the forces when lifting a ship or a platform, the wall thickness of a Minimum value of 3 cm, 12 cm, 36 cm, 0.5 m or 1.0 m.

In a further embodiment, the ship of the invention has a transport device, by means of which the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment is in particular vertically movable.

By means of a coupling mechanism, it is thus possible to move a floating body slash made from segments over the transport device so that a lifting over a water level can take place at the end.

The "transport device" is designed such that a targeted lifting and lowering a Schwimmkörperhubtelze can be realized. Thus, brackets which "embrace" the lifting stalk segment can be displaced so that a (vertical) transport of a jack-up leg or a lifting stilt or a lifting stilt segment can be realized.

In order to ensure a simple realization of the transport device, the transport device may have equidistant recesses. Thus, via a gear, which engages in the individual recesses, rotationally made of segments Schwimmkörperhubtelze be moved vertically.

In its simplest embodiment, the recesses are holes or depressions, which were impressed by drilling the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment.

The transport device can be designed inversely to the recesses as protruding pins or the like. This does not change anything essential in the way it works.

In a further embodiment, the floating hull segment of the ship of the invention comprises a bottom plate or a top plate.

By using a bottom plate, a "stable state" can be ensured, so that the lifted float is stable.

Furthermore, in the bottom plate, a camera can be introduced, with which the seabed is observable before being exposed to the bottom plate.

By the cover plate can be prevented in particular that rain or bird droppings can get into the cavities of a Schwimmkörperhubtelze.

In order to be able to compensate for the occurring forces, the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment may consist of a metal or of a metal alloy, wherein in particular the metal or the metal alloy is corrosion resistant to salt water.

In the present case, a floating body segment of a hive is already made of "metal" if the metal content of the production material is at least 20% by weight. The term metal in particular includes steels and stainless steels.

"Metal alloys" are already present when two metals are present, each with at least 2.0 wt .-%.

In a further unclaimed aspect, the object is achieved by a floating body, in particular ship or platform, with at least one lifting stilt for lifting the floating body above a water surface, the lifting stilt having at least two or more segments.

Thus, a float can be provided, which is flexibly adaptable to a depth of use.

Furthermore, the ship stability or float stability can be increased by the high Structures due to lifting stilts according to the prior art omitted.

In addition, the float is also well suited for variable work. Since, for example, for an on-board crane, the working area is not limited by lifting stilts.

The following concept is explained:
A "jack-in-tow", also known as jack-up, is placed on the ground by a vertical method and can lift the float after contact with the ground. In particular, a floating body may have three or four lifting stilts.

By lifting above a water surface, a stable work platform can be provided.

The "segments" may each have individual ones of the described properties of the above-defined floating body limb segments. Basically, however, that already two subdivisions of Hubstelzen which are separable from each other, are to be designated as segments. A lifting stilt may preferably have 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or even more segments.

In order to be able to provide particularly effective lifting stilts, one of the segments can correspond to a previously described Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment.

Thus, the advantages of Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente and thus producible Hubstelzen can be advantageously utilized for the float.

In a further unclaimed embodiment, the floating body has 2, 3 or 4 lifting stilts. It is quite stable floats with a tripod (three strokes) conceivable as a tripod is the most stable system.

Due to possible different segments for the individual legs and the possibly difficult balancing and mechanical arrangement directly in the keel of a ship, in particular four jack-up legs (four lifting stilts) are preferred, which can extend vertically down the side of the ship walls.

In order to use the floating body multifunctional, the float has a load crane.

In this case, the load crane can be designed so that an erection of off-shore wind turbines can be realized or that the maintenance of wind turbines is facilitated or made possible.

According to the invention, a hull of the ship has a guide receptacle for the lifting stilts or the lifting stilts segments.

Thus, the segments can be guided defined.

To effectively raise the ship or raise the platform effectively, the float may have a lifting device which engages in particular in a transport receiving the segments, so that by driving the Hubstelzen the float is raised.

In a further embodiment, the floating body has a storage area for the segments.

Thus, the segments can be stowed effectively on the ship without having negative aerodynamic effects on the ship. In addition, this can increase the stability of the ship, since the mass of the floating body is arranged substantially below a water surface.

To provide a raised float with material or persons, a float may have a helicopter platform.

This is a particular advantage over known builder ships, as lifting stilts in the unextended state make landing a helicopter on a ship impossible or at least extremely difficult, since the lifting stilts "stand in the way".

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Errichterschiffs des Standes der Technik in einer Seitenansicht,

Figur 2

eine schematische Schnitt- Darstellung eines Hubstelzensegments,

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung eines Schnittes zweier Hubstelzensegmente vor einem Zusammenfügen zu einer Hubstelze und

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung eines Errichterschiffs in einer Aufsicht von oben.

Furthermore, the invention will be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments. Show it:

FIG. 1

a schematic representation of an erector ship of the prior art in a side view,

FIG. 2

a schematic sectional view of a Hubstelzensegments,

FIG. 3

a schematic representation of a section of two Hubstelzensegmente before joining to a Hubstelze and

FIG. 4

a schematic representation of an erector ship in a top view.

The erector ship in FIG. 1 represents an erector ship of the prior art.

The ship 101 floats on the water surface 107. The ship 101 has a control tower 109, from which the ship is controlled. In addition, the ship 101 has four jack-up legs 103. Due to the lateral view of the Presentation in FIG. 1 only two jack-up legs 103 are shown.

Through the closable delivery hatches 105, the jack-up legs 103 are moved towards the seabed. After hitting the seafloor, the force is then used to raise the vessel 101 so far that it is located above the water surface 107.

The ship 101 shown here tends to be unstable because the weight of the jack-up legs 103 is above the waterline 107. In addition, the aerodynamic properties of the ship 101 are not advantageous because the jack-up legs 103 have a negative impact on a cw value.

In the following, the invention will be explained.

FIG. 2 shows a Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 211 according to the invention. The resulting by horizontal cuts base areas each correspond to a circle.

The upper part 214 has a circular diameter 241 and the lower part 215 has a circular diameter 247. Since the lower part 215 has a smaller circular diameter 247 than the circular diameter 241 of the upper part 214, the lower part forms a pin 215.

This pin 215 is completely retractable into the upper part 214, since the inner diameter 245 of the upper part 214 is slightly larger than the pin diameter 247th

The Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 211 is designed as a hollow body, which was stopped by casting and subsequent machining with an inner diameter 245 and a journal inner diameter 249.

Both the lower part (pin) 215 and the upper part 214 have a horizontal bore 221, 222. As soon as a pin 215 is completely recessed in the upper part 214, the lower bore 221 and the upper bore 222 face each other. The lower bore 221 has a thread, so that the upper part 214 can be screwably connected to the lower part 215 by a rotatable threaded bolt projecting through the wall thickness.

Since the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 211 is to be used substantially for lifting floats 101, a vertical weight force acts in the direction 231 ground. By the annular surface 233, the weight is transferred from a Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 311 to another Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 313.

By regularly spaced holes 251, the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 211 can be transported via a gear which engages in these holes 251. Alternatively, the Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegment 211 is transported via adjustable and movable brackets.

If now several Schwimmkörperhubstelzensegmente 311, 313, 315 joined together (see FIG. 3 ), results in a jack-up leg, which leads by pushing in the direction of gravity force 231 for lifting the ship.

A ship 101 with such segmented jack-up legs is in FIG. 4 shown. The ship 101 has a wheelhouse 109, a heliport 461, a jack-up segment storage area 463, and segmented jack-up leg guide seats 105.

If an insertion ship 101 reaches the place of use, the segments are transported to the guide receptacles 105 by an on-board crane 471. After a jack-up leg segment has been introduced on a guide receptacle 105, a subsequent jack-up leg segment is placed on top and connected to the underlying jack-up leg segment tensile.

Subsequently, the two connected jack-up leg segments are moved towards the seabed and another jack-up leg segment is placed on top, tension-connected and moved again. This procedure takes place on all guide receptacles 105 and is repeated until the insertion vessel 101 has a sufficiently firm state or is raised above the water surface.

A ship 101 with such segmented jack-up legs is in FIG. 4 shown. The ship 101 has a wheelhouse 109, a heliport 461, a jack-up segment storage area 463, and segmented jack-up leg guide seats 105.

If an insertion ship 101 reaches the place of use, the segments are transported to the guide receptacles 105 by an on-board crane 471. After a jack-up leg segment has been introduced on a guide receptacle 105, a subsequent jack-up leg segment is placed on top and connected to the underlying jack-up leg segment tensile.

Subsequently, the two connected jack-up leg segments are moved towards the seabed and another jack-up leg segment is placed on top, zugfest connected and moved again. This procedure takes place on all guide receptacles 105 and is repeated until the insertion vessel 101 has a sufficiently firm state or is raised above the water surface.

Claims (11)

1. A vessel (101) with at least one segmentable floating body lifting pillar (103) for lifting the vessel above a water surface (107), wherein the floating body lifting pillar (103) comprises at least two or more floating body lifting pillar segments (211, 311, 313), and the floating body lifting pillar segment (211, 311, 313) comprises a means for absorbing pressure in a pressure direction (231), a means acting oppositely to the pressure direction (233) for absorbing tension and a segment coupling receptacle (214) and an oppositely disposed counter-segment coupling receptacle (215), by way of which the respective further floating body lifting pillar segments (315) can be flange-mounted, wherein the vessel (101) to be lifted or to be carried has a mass of more than 100 t, in particular more than 1,000 t, preferably more than 5,000 t, most preferably more than 10,000t, wherein the counter-segment coupling receptacle comprises a cone as a tapering on its longitudinal side, so that in a case, in which a first floating body lifting pillar segment and a second floating body lifting pillar segment are coupled, a pressure caused by a weight of the vessel to be lifted or carried can be transferred from the segment coupling receptacle of the first floating body lifting pillar segment to the segment coupling receptacle of the second floating body lifting pillar segment, wherein due to the coupling, the first floating body lifting pillar segment and the second floating body lifting pillar segment and/or further floating body lifting pillar segments are assembled into a floating body lifting pillar (103) and a hull of the vessel comprises a guide receptacle (105) for the floating body lifting pillar (103), wherein the floating body lifting pillar is displaceable by way of the guide receptacle, so that the floating body lifting pillar can be adapted to the depth of the water at any time.
2. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating body lifting pillar segment has a segment minimal length of 1.5m, 3.5m or 5.0m and a segment maximum length of 5.5m, 8.0m, 11.0m, 15.0m or 20.0m and a segment minimal width (241) of 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0m or 1.2m and a segment maximum width of 2.0m, 3.5m or 6.0 m.
3. The vessel according to one of the afore-mentioned claims, characterized in that a cone length of the floating body lifting pillar segment represents 20%, 30%, 45% or 49.9% of the segment length.
4. The vessel according to one of the afore-mentioned claims, characterized in that the floating body lifting pillar segment has a base area with a circular shape and/or a rectangular shape.
5. The vessel according to one of the afore-mentioned claims, characterized in that the floating body lifting pillar segment comprises a hollow body, so that the floating body lifting pillar segment has a wall thickness (243).
6. The vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that the wall thickness has a minimum value of 3.0 cm, 12 cm, 36 cm, 0.5 m or 1.0 m.
7. The vessel according to one of the afore-mentioned claims, characterized by a transport device (251) by means of which the floating body lifting pillar segment is displaceable, in particular vertically.
8. The vessel according to one of the afore-mentioned claims, characterized in that the floating body lifting pillar segment comprises a base plate or a cover plate, wherein the base plate comprises in particular a camera.
9. The vessel according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized by a lifting device.
10. The vessel according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized by a storage area (463) for the floating body lifting pillar segments.
11. The vessel according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized by a helicopter platform (461).

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