EP2896020B1 - Coin and methods for testing and producing a coin - Google Patents
Coin and methods for testing and producing a coin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2896020B1 EP2896020B1 EP13759450.3A EP13759450A EP2896020B1 EP 2896020 B1 EP2896020 B1 EP 2896020B1 EP 13759450 A EP13759450 A EP 13759450A EP 2896020 B1 EP2896020 B1 EP 2896020B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coin
- edge
- luminescent substance
- recess
- luminescent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title description 7
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005136 cathodoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OC#N NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000904 thermoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005390 triboluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010981 turquoise Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
- A44C21/00—Coins; Emergency money; Beer or gambling coins or tokens, or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F1/00—Coin inlet arrangements; Coins specially adapted to operate coin-freed mechanisms
- G07F1/06—Coins specially adapted to operate coin-freed mechanisms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coin, a method for checking a coin and a method for producing a coin according to the preamble of the independent claims.
- Bimetal coins are known in which an insulating layer is provided which runs concentrically between an inner disk and an outer ring and is doped with fluorescent particles, among other things.
- WO 2011/144931 A1 It is known to apply electromagnetic radiation in the form of X-rays to a coin and to detect the fluorescent radiation or reflected radiation emanating from the coin in order to infer the metal content of the coin.
- Plastic game chips which can have a metallic core, and in the edge of which there are depressions in which fluorescent substances are introduced.
- a method is to be specified in each case by which such coins can be checked at a higher speed or produced in a simple manner.
- the object is achieved by the coin, the method for checking a coin and the method for producing a coin according to the independent claims.
- the coin according to the invention has a disc-shaped coin body made of metal or metal alloy, with an edge and is characterized in that at least one recess is provided in the edge of the coin body, in which at least one luminescent substance is located.
- the method according to the invention for producing a coin with a disc-shaped coin body made of metal or metal alloy, which has an edge is characterized in that the edge of the coin body, in particular the edge surface of the coin body, is provided with at least one recess in which at least one luminescent Substance is introduced.
- the recess points, starting from the edge of the coin body, into the interior of the coin body.
- the recess is made in the edge of the coin body in a direction which runs essentially parallel to the disk-shaped surface of the coin body.
- the direction of introduction can also run inclined to the disk-shaped surface.
- the method for testing the coin according to the invention is characterized in that the coin, in particular the edge of the coin body, is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic radiation emanating from the coin, in particular emission light emanating from the edge of the coin body, is detected by a detector and transferred into a Detector signal is converted and the detector signal is used to check the coin.
- a coin within the meaning of the invention is a disk-shaped object which is made from metal or a metal alloy, provided with an embossing and used as a means of payment.
- a coin within the meaning of the invention has a coin body preferably in the form of a flat cylinder, the top surface of the cylinder forming the front (so-called obverse) of the coin, the base surface of the cylinder the back (so-called reverse) of the coin forms and the outer surface of the cylinder forms the edge of the coin, in particular its edge surface.
- the invention is based on the idea of introducing a luminescent security feature into one or more depressions made in the edge of the coin or provided on the edge of the coin.
- the at least one recess is made in the edge surface of the disc-shaped coin body.
- the edge surface runs perpendicular to the disc-shaped surface of the coin body.
- the recess has a bottom which is located in the interior of the coin body.
- the recess is formed by a hole or a groove.
- the floor runs e.g. transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the disk-shaped surface of the coin body.
- the bottom of the recess can be flat or trough-shaped.
- the depression can, however, also taper towards a quasi point-shaped bottom.
- the luminescent security feature has at least one luminescent substance which, when excited, emits electromagnetic radiation which can be detected and analyzed when the coin is checked, so that conclusions can be drawn about the presence or authenticity of the security feature and thus the authenticity of the coin can.
- the terms “luminescent security feature” and “luminescent substance” are used synonymously in connection with the presentation of the present invention.
- Substances which can be excited in different ways to emit electromagnetic radiation can be used as the luminescent substance.
- the substances used can preferably be excited to so-called photoluminescence by electromagnetic radiation; such substances are also known as luminophores.
- substances which can be excited by electrical current to emit electromagnetic radiation which is referred to as so-called electroluminescence.
- substances can be used which are stimulated to so-called thermoluminescence by the supply of heat.
- Other types of luminescent substances can also be used for the invention, in particular those which exhibit cathodoluminescence, triboluminescence, sonoluminescence, radioluminescence or ionoluminescence.
- the luminescent security feature according to the invention By introducing the luminescent security feature according to the invention into the depressions located on the edge of the coin, it is much better protected from mechanical stress during the circulation of the coin, e.g. Abrasion and impacts, as well as environmental influences, such as Sunlight and moisture protected as prior art coins. Furthermore, such coins can be produced in a simple manner and can be machine checked at high speed.
- the edge of the coin body preferably has an edge surface in which the at least one recess is provided, in particular made.
- the edge surface has essentially the shape of a jacket surface of a flat cylinder, into which the at least one recess is made.
- the recess can be made in the edge surface, for example, by laser ablation, embossing, engraving, milling or drilling. The coin can thereby be manufactured and checked in a particularly simple manner, the security feature at the same time being well protected from mechanical stress.
- the at least one depression is designed in the shape of a hole.
- under a hole is in particular one towards one side to understand open cavity.
- the at least one recess can have a groove which runs along the edge.
- a section along the circumference of the coin, in particular along the entire circumference can be provided with the security feature, which makes the authenticity check particularly reliable, since the security feature can then be detected over a larger angular range of the coin.
- the security feature can always be recognized independently of the respective angular position of the coin.
- the at least one recess has an opening located on the edge of the coin body.
- the openings of the depressions located on the edge of the coin body have the shape of symbols, in particular letters and / or digits.
- This has the advantage that, in addition to encoding the coin by the luminescent security feature as such, a further encoding takes place in the form of the letters, digits or symbols introduced into the edge, which further increases the security against forgery.
- the symbols are preferably introduced into the edge of the coin body by laser ablation, embossing, engraving, milling or drilling.
- the at least one recess has a cross section which, starting from the edge, increases in the direction of the interior of the coin body.
- the opening of the recess at the edge of the coin body is therefore smaller than the cross-sections of the recess lying inside the coin body. Because of this relatively small "attack surface", the luminescent security feature located in the depression is particularly reliably protected from mechanical stresses and environmental influences.
- the at least one luminescent substance is preferably a photoluminescent substance which, when exposed to electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, shows luminescence, ie is excited to emit emission light.
- the spectral range of the emission light is usually different from the spectral range of the exciting electromagnetic radiation, but can overlap with it.
- the photoluminescent substance shows fluorescence and / or phosphorescence.
- the afterglow period of the excited light is typically up to about 10 -6 s, while in the case of phosphorescence longer, in particular significantly longer, afterglow periods occur.
- an organic resin is provided in the recess, in which the luminescent substance is dispersed or is resolved.
- the luminescent substance is thereby introduced into the recess in a simple manner and held there with high reliability, which further reduces wear effects due to mechanical stress and environmental influences during the circulation.
- the resin in particular provided with a dye additive, is preferably visible to the naked eye together with the luminescent substance dispersed or dissolved therein. In addition to a simple and quick machine check, it can also be recognized with the naked eye whether the security feature is present in the edge area of the coin.
- the resin, together with the luminescent substance dispersed or dissolved therein to be transparent and / or not or only with difficulty to be seen with the naked eye.
- the security feature is a machine test or a test with aids, such as reserved for a magnifying glass, a microscope or a UV lamp.
- the luminescent substance or the luminescent substances can be applied to an inorganic carrier substance or filler in the form of particles.
- the particles which preferably have a diameter of less than 100 ⁇ m, are introduced into the depression in particular by means of a resin.
- the luminescent substance has two or more luminescent substances. What is achieved thereby is that the spectrum of the light excited and emitted in the luminescent substance is more complex and therefore essential More difficult to imitate than when using only one luminescent substance.
- a first luminescent substance can absorb electromagnetic radiation in a first spectral range and a second luminescent substance can emit emission light in a second spectral range after being excited by electromagnetic radiation, the first and second spectral ranges at least partially overlapping.
- the emission light emitted by the second luminescent substance excites the first luminescent substance to further emit emission light, an energy transfer taking place between the two luminescent substances.
- an emission wavelength that is atypical for the excitation wavelength can be achieved and therefore it is difficult to imitate the security feature.
- FIG. 1 shows a first example of a coin according to the invention in a perspective view.
- the coin comprises a disk-shaped coin body 1 in the form of a flat cylinder which has a front side 2, a rear side 3 opposite the front side 2 and an edge 4 which forms the outer surface of the cylinder.
- the diameter of the front 2 and rear 3 is significantly greater than the width of the edge 4, ie the height of the lateral surface of the cylinder.
- the coin body 1 is made of metal or a metal alloy and is embossed in the area of the front side 2 and the rear side 3.
- the edge 4 of the coin body 1 can also be provided with an embossing, in particular so-called knurling (both not shown).
- the edge 4 of the coin body 1 has several depressions 5, in each of which a security feature 6 is introduced which has at least one luminescent substance.
- the depressions 5 in the edge 4 of the coin body 1 are formed by holes in the form of cavities which each have an opening toward the edge 4 - circular in the example shown.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a view of a sectional plane running parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical coin body 1 through the plane of FIG Figure 1 shown coin.
- the depressions 5, which are cylindrical in the example shown, in the area of the edge 4 of the coin body 1 have a rectangular shape in the sectional view selected here.
- the size of the openings 7 directly on the edge 4 corresponds to the size of the respective opposite surfaces 8 of the recess 5 in the interior of the coin body 1, which each form the bottom of the recess.
- Figure 3 shows a further example of a sectional view through a coin according to the invention, the depressions 5 being designed in such a way that their cross section, starting from the edge 4 of the coin body 1, increases in the direction of the interior of the coin body 1.
- the opening 7 at the edge 4 of the coin body 1 has a smaller diameter than the bottom 8 of the recess 5 in the interior of the coin body 1 opposite the opening 7.
- Recesses 5 shaped in this way have the particular advantage that they contain comparatively large amounts of the Can accommodate luminescent substances doped security feature 6.
- the size of the openings 7 towards the edge 4 of the coin body 1 is kept small in order to avoid a use-related, partial loss of the security feature 6, for example through abrasion and / or impacts, or to keep its impairment by environmental influences as low as possible.
- Figure 4 shows a further example of a sectional view through the coin according to the invention, in which the cross section of the depressions decreases starting from the edge 4 of the coin body 1 towards the interior of the coin body 1. Accordingly, in the example shown, the diameter of the opening 7 at the edge 4 is greater than the diameter of the bottom 8 of the recess 5 opposite the opening 7. Recesses 5 of this shape can be produced particularly easily and reliably filled with the security feature 6.
- the depressions 5 can also have various other shapes and / or sizes.
- a circular cross-sectional area of the depressions 5 instead of a circular cross-sectional area of the depressions 5, an oval, triangular, quadrangular, polygonal or any other shaped cross-sectional area can be provided.
- the recesses 5 can also have the shape of a trough instead of a cylindrical or frustoconical shape.
- the size of the depressions can also be varied and adapted to the respective requirements with regard to forgery protection and / or wear protection.
- the openings 7 on the edge 4 and / or the cross-sectional areas of the depressions 5 and / or the depth of the depressions 5 relative to the width of the edge 4 can be smaller or larger than in the examples shown.
- Figure 5 shows a second example of a coin according to the invention in a perspective view.
- recesses 5 in the form of symbols, namely letters and characters, are provided in the area of the edge 4 of the body of the coin 1, which are obtained, for example, by embossing in the edge 4 of the body of the coin 1.
- the authenticity of the coin can take place not only by checking the presence of the security feature 6 as such, but also by checking the symbols, especially with the naked eye, which is an additional, simple authenticity check especially while the coin is in circulation enables.
- a security feature 6, which has at least one luminescent substance, is introduced into the depressions 5.
- the introduction according to the invention of luminescent substances in the area of the edge 4 of the coin body 1 offers increased protection of the luminescent substances from abrasion, impacts and other environmental influences.
- the luminescent substance is introduced into the depressions 5 with the aid of organic resins or adhesive systems in which the luminescent substance is dissolved or dispersed.
- organic or inorganic luminescent substances or combinations of organic and inorganic luminescent substances can be used as luminescent substances.
- Organic and inorganic downconverter luminophores, upconverter luminophores and photochromic luminophores can be used as luminophores.
- Downconverter luminophores convert the excitation light into lower-energy emission light
- upconverter luminophores convert the excitation light into higher-energy emission light.
- photochromic luminophores the absorption behavior can change reversibly when exposed to excitation light of certain wavelengths. Combinations of several luminophores which are readily soluble in the resin system selected are preferably used.
- the combination of the luminophores is chosen so that the absorption spectrum of one luminophore at least partially spectrally overlaps with the emission spectrum of a further luminophore and thus an energy transfer between the combined luminophores can take place.
- the phosphor system can also be applied to inorganic substrates for introduction into the depressions by means of a resin.
- a resin particularly, but not exclusively, titanium dioxide, such as e.g. Rutile and anatase, silicates, glass, barium sulfate and aluminum oxide.
- the respectively preferred grain sizes are below 100 ⁇ m (D99), preferably below 20 ⁇ m.
- Particularly suitable resins or adhesive systems are cyanoacrylates, acrylates, methacrylates, polyurethanes and, in particular, two-component epoxy systems. Mixtures of the resin systems mentioned can also be used.
- the surface of the depressions 5 can optionally be coated with a so-called primer before the security feature 6 is introduced be pretreated as an adhesion promoter between the metal of the coin body 1 on the one hand and the resin or adhesive on the other hand.
- the combination of resin system and luminescent substance can be selected in such a way that the security feature 6 is transparent and / or cannot be seen, or only with difficulty, with the naked eye after it has been introduced into the depressions 5. This embodiment is particularly preferred if the security feature is to be readable purely by machine.
- a coin body with a diameter of 25 mm, a thickness of 2.5 mm, circular depressions with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a depth of 1 mm in the knurling of the edge 4 is provided with a security feature 6 according to the invention described above.
- a UV-curing acrylic adhesive in particular of the Loctite® 350 brand from Henkel, is mixed with 0.5% fluorescein and the depressions 5 on the knurling filled with it.
- the coin body is then cured at 60 ° C for two hours.
- a coin body with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm and a 0.5 mm wide and 1 mm deep groove-shaped depression in the knurling on the edge 4 is pretreated on the knurling with a primer 94 of the 3M® brand. After a drying time of about 10 minutes, a mixture of the epoxy resin DP760 from 3M® and 1% fluorescein is introduced into the groove and the coin body obtained is cured at 70 ° C for one hour.
- a coin body with a diameter of 30 mm, a thickness of 2.0 mm and circular depressions with a diameter of 1 mm and a depth of 1 mm in the knurling is provided with the security feature 6 according to the invention described.
- the Loctite® brand epoxy resin 330 from Henkel is mixed with 5% XYMARA® Marker Turquoise LF1A from Ciba® and the indentations on the knurling are filled with it.
- the filled depressions are irradiated with light at a wavelength of 365 nm and an intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 for one minute each.
- the respective coin can be finished, for example by embossing the front and the back.
- the security feature 6 can, however, also only be introduced after the coin has been embossed, wherein the depressions can be made in the coin before or after the embossing.
- Figure 6 shows an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method for checking coins.
- the device has a ramp 10 inclined relative to the horizontal, along which a coin (dashed line), for example inserted into an input slot of a machine, can roll or slide following the force of gravity in the direction of the arrow drawn and can pass a measuring system, which is described in more detail below is described.
- the measuring system has a first light emitting diode 11 for generating excitation light 12, which is focused on the edge 4 of the coin body 1 of the coin and can stimulate the security feature located in the depressions on the edge 4 of the coin to emit emission light 13.
- the emission light 13 is detected by a photodiode 15, possibly after passing through a filter 14, and converted into a corresponding measurement signal S1.
- a photodiode 15 possibly after passing through a filter 14, and converted into a corresponding measurement signal S1.
- the passage of the coin body 1 through the excitation light beam 12 of the first light-emitting diode 11 is measured with the aid of a second photodiode 16 which is arranged opposite the first light-emitting diode 11.
- the further photodiode 16 is darkened by the light beam 12 at the moment the coin body 1 rolls through and thus also supplies a measurement signal S2, which is fed to an evaluation device 17.
- the measurement signal S2 of the second photodiode 16 can be used as a trigger signal for the detection of the emission light 13.
- the Figures 7 and 8 show examples of the time course of the measurement signals S1 and S2 obtained in this way.
- the in Figure 7 shown Measurement signals, the measurement signal S1 corresponding to the emission light 13 excited at the time of passage in the depressions in the edge of the coin and detected by the first photodiode 15, and the measurement signal S2 corresponding to the light barrier signal generated by the second photodiode 16, which at the time of passage due to the darkening of the second photodiode 16 decreases through the coin.
- the measurement signal S2 corresponds to the light barrier signal generated by the second photodiode 16, which decreases at the time of passage due to the darkening of the second photodiode 16 by the coin.
- the measurement signal S1 shows no change due to the absence of emission light at the time of passage.
- the device can be provided with additional light-emitting diodes for multiple verification of the authenticity of the coins. Furthermore, it is possible to provide lenses for improved focusing of the excitation light 12 and further optical filters. As an alternative to the light-emitting diode 11 shown in the example, a laser can also be used as the excitation light source.
- the first and / or second photodiode 15 or 16 can, if necessary, also be replaced by a spatially resolving detector which has a multiplicity of detector elements arranged in a line or area.
- the emission light emanating from the edge of the coin can thereby be detected in a spatially resolved manner, so that information relating to the shape and / or size of the light-emitting areas can be derived from it.
- the speed at which the security feature can be measured is mainly limited by the speed of the coin, i.e. the faster the coin can roll through the measuring system, the faster the measurement is completed and the device is ready for testing the next coin.
- This enables a machine to determine the authenticity of coins with measurement times of preferably less than 10 milliseconds per coin, in particular less than 5 milliseconds per coin. This is of particular advantage in the case of devices which are provided for checking large quantities of coins and are used, for example, in commercial or central banks.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Münze, ein Verfahren zum Prüfen einer Münze sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Münze gemäß dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The invention relates to a coin, a method for checking a coin and a method for producing a coin according to the preamble of the independent claims.
Bei der Erkennung und Echtheitsprüfung von Münzen werden diese häufig hinsichtlich ihrer Abmessungen, wie z.B. Durchmesser und Dicke, Legierungseigenschaften, wie z.B. Farbe, Leitfähigkeit, Magnetismus oder Bimetalleigenschaften, oder Münzbild, wie z.B. Prägung und Rändelung, geprüft. Ferner kann durch Bestimmen des Gewichts und der Schwerpunktlage einer Münze ermittelt werden, ob die Münze korrekt verarbeitet ist und z.B. eine exakt mittige Prägung trägt.When recognizing and checking the authenticity of coins, these are often used in terms of their dimensions, e.g. Diameter and thickness, alloy properties, e.g. Color, conductivity, magnetism or bimetallic properties, or coin design, e.g. Embossing and knurling, checked. Furthermore, by determining the weight and the center of gravity of a coin, it can be determined whether the coin has been correctly processed and e.g. bears an exactly central embossing.
Bei Münzen einfacher Machart kann es vorkommen, dass diese nachgeahmt werden, indem die Münze z.B. hinsichtlich Leitfähigkeit, Farbe, Gewicht und Abmessungen analysiert wird und für eine Münzfälschung ein Ausgangsmaterial, insbesondere ein Metall oder eine Metalllegierung, verwendet wird, das diese Eigenschaften mit hinreichender Genauigkeit aufweist. Darüber hinaus ist eine maschinelle Prüfung von Münzen hinsichtlich der genannten Eigenschaften meist aufwändig und/oder nicht mit der jeweils erforderlichen Geschwindigkeit möglich.With coins of simple design, it can happen that these are imitated, e.g. is analyzed with regard to conductivity, color, weight and dimensions and a starting material, in particular a metal or a metal alloy, is used for a coin forgery, which has these properties with sufficient accuracy. In addition, machine testing of coins with regard to the properties mentioned is usually complex and / or not possible at the speed required in each case.
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Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Herstellungsverfahren sind relativ aufwändig. Ferner sind die auf Münzen aufgebrachten Schichten beim Gebrauch der Münzen oft starken mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt und können dabei beschädigt und/oder abgerieben werden, so dass sie ihre Funktion als zusätzliches Sicherheitsmerkmal bei der, insbesondere maschinellen, Prüfung der Münze nicht mehr erfüllen können.The manufacturing processes known from the prior art are relatively complex. Furthermore, the layers applied to coins are often exposed to severe mechanical stresses when the coins are in use and can be damaged and / or rubbed off in the process, so that they can no longer fulfill their function as an additional security feature in the, in particular machine, checking of the coin.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Münze anzugeben, die ein Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist, das gegenüber Beanspruchungen und/oder Umwelteinflüssen besser geschützt ist. Insbesondere ist jeweils ein Verfahren anzugeben, durch welches solche Münzen mit höherer Geschwindigkeit geprüft bzw. auf einfache Weise hergestellt werden können.It is the object of the invention to specify a coin which has a security feature that is better protected against stresses and / or environmental influences. In particular, a method is to be specified in each case by which such coins can be checked at a higher speed or produced in a simple manner.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Münze, das Verfahren zum Prüfen einer Münze bzw. das Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Münze gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gelöst.The object is achieved by the coin, the method for checking a coin and the method for producing a coin according to the independent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Münze weist einen scheibenförmigen Münzkörper aus Metall oder Metalllegierung, mit einem Rand auf und zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass im Rand des Münzkörpers mindestens eine Vertiefung vorgesehen ist, in der sich mindestens eine lumineszierende Substanz befindet.The coin according to the invention has a disc-shaped coin body made of metal or metal alloy, with an edge and is characterized in that at least one recess is provided in the edge of the coin body, in which at least one luminescent substance is located.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Münze mit einem scheibenförmigen Münzkörper aus Metall oder Metalllegierung, welcher einen Rand aufweist, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Rand des Münzkörpers, insbesondere die Randfläche des Münzkörpers, mit mindestens einer Vertiefung versehen wird, in welche mindestens eine lumineszierenden Substanz eingebracht wird. Die Vertiefung weist, ausgehend vom Rand des Münzkörpers, in das Innere des Münzkörpers. Dazu wird die Vertiefung in den Rand des Münzkörpers entlang einer Richtung eingebracht, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur scheibenförmigen Oberfläche des Münzkörpers verläuft. Die Einbringrichtung kann auch zur scheibenförmigen Oberfläche geneigt verlaufen.The method according to the invention for producing a coin with a disc-shaped coin body made of metal or metal alloy, which has an edge, is characterized in that the edge of the coin body, in particular the edge surface of the coin body, is provided with at least one recess in which at least one luminescent Substance is introduced. The recess points, starting from the edge of the coin body, into the interior of the coin body. For this purpose, the recess is made in the edge of the coin body in a direction which runs essentially parallel to the disk-shaped surface of the coin body. The direction of introduction can also run inclined to the disk-shaped surface.
Das Verfahren zum Prüfen der erfindungsgemäßen Münze zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Münze, insbesondere der Rand des Münzkörpers, mit elektromagnetischer Strahlung bestrahlt wird, von der Münze ausgehende elektromagnetische Strahlung, insbesondere vom Rand des Münzkörpers ausgehendes Emissionslicht, von einem Detektor erfasst und in ein Detektorsignal umgewandelt wird und das Detektorsignal zu einer Prüfung der Münze herangezogen wird.The method for testing the coin according to the invention is characterized in that the coin, in particular the edge of the coin body, is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic radiation emanating from the coin, in particular emission light emanating from the edge of the coin body, is detected by a detector and transferred into a Detector signal is converted and the detector signal is used to check the coin.
Bei einer Münze im Sinne der Erfindung handelt es sich um einen scheibenförmigen Gegenstand, welcher aus Metall oder einer Metalllegierung herstellt, mit einer Prägung versehen und als Zahlungsmittel verwendet wird. Eine Münze im Sinne der Erfindung weist einen Münzkörper vorzugsweise in Form eines flachen Zylinders auf, wobei die Deckfläche des Zylinders die Vorderseite (sog. Avers) der Münze bildet, die Grundfläche des Zylinders die Rückseite (sog. Revers) der Münze bildet und die Mantelfläche des Zylinders den Rand der Münze, insbesondere deren Randfläche, bildet.A coin within the meaning of the invention is a disk-shaped object which is made from metal or a metal alloy, provided with an embossing and used as a means of payment. A coin within the meaning of the invention has a coin body preferably in the form of a flat cylinder, the top surface of the cylinder forming the front (so-called obverse) of the coin, the base surface of the cylinder the back (so-called reverse) of the coin forms and the outer surface of the cylinder forms the edge of the coin, in particular its edge surface.
Die Erfindung basiert auf dem Gedanken, ein lumineszierendes Sicherheitsmerkmal in eine oder mehrere in den Münzrand eingebrachte oder am Münzrand vorgesehene Vertiefungen einzubringen. Die mindestens eine Vertiefung ist in die Randfläche des scheibenförmigen Münzkörpers eingebracht. Die Randfläche verläuft senkrecht zur scheibenförmigen Oberfläche des Münzkörpers. Die Vertiefung weist einen Boden auf, der sich im Inneren des Münzkörpers befindet. Beispielsweise wird die Vertiefung durch ein Loch oder eine Nut gebildet. Der Boden verläuft z.B. quer, insbesondere senkrecht, zur scheibenförmigen Oberfläche des Münzkörpers. Der Boden der Vertiefung kann eben sein oder muldenförmig. Die Vertiefung kann aber auch auf einen quasi punktförmigen Boden spitz zulaufen.The invention is based on the idea of introducing a luminescent security feature into one or more depressions made in the edge of the coin or provided on the edge of the coin. The at least one recess is made in the edge surface of the disc-shaped coin body. The edge surface runs perpendicular to the disc-shaped surface of the coin body. The recess has a bottom which is located in the interior of the coin body. For example, the recess is formed by a hole or a groove. The floor runs e.g. transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the disk-shaped surface of the coin body. The bottom of the recess can be flat or trough-shaped. The depression can, however, also taper towards a quasi point-shaped bottom.
Das lumineszierende Sicherheitsmerkmal weist mindestens eine lumineszierende Substanz auf, die bei einer Anregung elektromagnetische Strahlung emittiert, welche bei der Prüfung der Münze erfasst und analysiert werden kann, so dass Rückschlüsse auf das Vorhandensein bzw. die Echtheit des Sicherheitsmerkmals und damit die Echtheit der Münze gezogen werden können. Die Begriffe "lumineszierendes Sicherheitsmerkmal" und "lumineszierende Substanz" werden im Zusammenhang mit der Darstellung der vorliegenden Erfindung synonym verwendet.The luminescent security feature has at least one luminescent substance which, when excited, emits electromagnetic radiation which can be detected and analyzed when the coin is checked, so that conclusions can be drawn about the presence or authenticity of the security feature and thus the authenticity of the coin can. The terms “luminescent security feature” and “luminescent substance” are used synonymously in connection with the presentation of the present invention.
Als lumineszierende Substanz können Substanzen verwendet werden, welche auf unterschiedliche Weise zur Emission von elektromagnetischer Strahlung angeregt werden können. Vorzugsweise können die verwendeten Substanzen durch elektromagnetische Strahlung zur sog. Photolumineszenz angeregt werden; solche Substanzen werden auch als Luminophore bezeichnet. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist es aber auch möglich, Substanzen zu verwenden, die durch elektrischen Strom zur Emission von elektromagnetischer Strahlung angeregt werden können, was als sog. Elektrolumineszenz bezeichnet wird. Ferner können Substanzen verwendet werden, welche durch Wärmezufuhr zur sog. Thermolumineszenz angeregt werden. Für die Erfindung können auch andere Arten von lumineszierenden Substanzen verwendet werden, insbesondere solche, die Kathodolumineszenz, Tribolumineszenz, Sonolumineszenz, Radiolumineszenz oder Ionolumineszenz zeigen.Substances which can be excited in different ways to emit electromagnetic radiation can be used as the luminescent substance. The substances used can preferably be excited to so-called photoluminescence by electromagnetic radiation; such substances are also known as luminophores. Alternatively or additionally, however, it is also possible to use substances which can be excited by electrical current to emit electromagnetic radiation, which is referred to as so-called electroluminescence. Furthermore, substances can be used which are stimulated to so-called thermoluminescence by the supply of heat. Other types of luminescent substances can also be used for the invention, in particular those which exhibit cathodoluminescence, triboluminescence, sonoluminescence, radioluminescence or ionoluminescence.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Einbringung des lumineszierenden Sicherheitsmerkmals in die am Münzrand befindlichen Vertiefungen ist dieses während des Umlaufs der Münze wesentlich besser vor mechanischer Beanspruchung, wie z.B. Abrieb und Stößen, sowie Umwelteinflüssen, wie z.B. Sonnenlicht und Feuchtigkeit, geschützt als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Münzen. Ferner lassen sich solche Münzen auf einfache Weise herstellen und mit hoher Geschwindigkeit maschinell prüfen.By introducing the luminescent security feature according to the invention into the depressions located on the edge of the coin, it is much better protected from mechanical stress during the circulation of the coin, e.g. Abrasion and impacts, as well as environmental influences, such as Sunlight and moisture protected as prior art coins. Furthermore, such coins can be produced in a simple manner and can be machine checked at high speed.
Vorzugsweise weist der Rand des Münzkörpers eine Randfläche auf, in welcher die mindestens eine Vertiefung vorgesehen, insbesondere eingebracht, ist. Insbesondere hat die Randfläche im Wesentlichen die Form einer Mantelfläche eines flachen Zylinders, in welche die mindestens eine Vertiefung eingebracht ist. Die Vertiefung kann beispielsweise durch Laserabtragung, Prägen, Gravieren, Fräsen oder Bohren in die Randfläche eingebracht werden. Die Münze lässt sich dadurch auf besonders einfache Weise herstellen und prüfen, wobei das Sicherheitsmerkmal gleichzeitig gut vor mechanischer Beanspruchung geschützt ist.The edge of the coin body preferably has an edge surface in which the at least one recess is provided, in particular made. In particular, the edge surface has essentially the shape of a jacket surface of a flat cylinder, into which the at least one recess is made. The recess can be made in the edge surface, for example, by laser ablation, embossing, engraving, milling or drilling. The coin can thereby be manufactured and checked in a particularly simple manner, the security feature at the same time being well protected from mechanical stress.
Es ist ferner bevorzugt, dass die mindestens eine Vertiefung lochförmig ausgestaltet ist. Unter einem Loch ist hierbei insbesondere ein zu einer Seite hin offener Hohlraum zu verstehen. Dadurch lässt sich eine Vertiefung und deren Befüllung mit der lumineszierenden Substanz auf besonders einfache Weise realisieren, ohne dass dadurch der Schutz des Sicherheitsmerkmals vor mechanischer Beanspruchung und Umwelteinflüssen beeinträchtigt wird.It is also preferred that the at least one depression is designed in the shape of a hole. In this case, under a hole is in particular one towards one side to understand open cavity. As a result, a recess and its filling with the luminescent substance can be implemented in a particularly simple manner, without the protection of the security feature from mechanical stress and environmental influences being impaired as a result.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die mindestens eine Vertiefung eine Nut aufweisen, welche entlang des Randes verläuft. Dadurch lässt sich auf einfache Weise ein Abschnitt entlang des Umfangs der Münze, insbesondere entlang des ganzen Umfangs, mit dem Sicherheitsmerkmal versehen, was die Echtheitsprüfung besonders zuverlässig macht, da das Sicherheitsmerkmal dann über einen größeren Winkelbereich der Münze detektierbar ist. Bei einer vollständig um die Münze umlaufenden Nut kann das Sicherheitsmerkmal stets unabhängig von der jeweiligen Winkelstellung der Münze erkannt werden.Alternatively or additionally, the at least one recess can have a groove which runs along the edge. In this way, a section along the circumference of the coin, in particular along the entire circumference, can be provided with the security feature, which makes the authenticity check particularly reliable, since the security feature can then be detected over a larger angular range of the coin. In the case of a groove running completely around the coin, the security feature can always be recognized independently of the respective angular position of the coin.
Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführung weist die mindestens eine Vertiefung eine am Rand des Münzkörpers liegende Öffnung auf. Durch das dadurch ermöglichte Einbringen der lumineszierenden Substanz vom Rand des Münzkörpers her wird die Herstellung der Münze besonders vereinfacht. Ferner lässt sich die lumineszierende Substanz auf einfache Weise zur Emission von Lumineszenzlicht anregen, indem lediglich der Rand der Münze, z.B. in Form einer Bestrahlung mit Licht, angeregt wird. Da das Lumineszenzlicht vom Rand der Münze ausgesendet wird, kann das Lumineszenzlicht auch während des rollenden Transports der Münze detektiert werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one recess has an opening located on the edge of the coin body. The fact that the luminescent substance can be introduced from the edge of the body of the coin makes it particularly easy to manufacture the coin. Furthermore, the luminescent substance can be made to emit luminescent light in a simple manner by merely removing the edge of the coin, e.g. in the form of irradiation with light, is excited. Since the luminescent light is emitted from the edge of the coin, the luminescent light can also be detected during the rolling transport of the coin.
Es ist auch möglich, dass die am Rand des Münzkörpers befindlichen Öffnungen der Vertiefungen die Form vom Symbolen, insbesondere Buchstaben und/oder Ziffern, aufweisen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass neben einer Kodierung der Münze durch das lumineszierende Sicherheitsmerkmal als solches eine weitere Kodierung in Form der in den Rand eingebrachten Buchstaben, Ziffern bzw. Symbolen erfolgt, was die Fälschungssicherheit weiter erhöht. Die Symbole werden bevorzugt durch Laserabtragung, Prägen, Gravieren, Fräsen oder Bohren in den Rand des Münzkörpers eingebracht.It is also possible that the openings of the depressions located on the edge of the coin body have the shape of symbols, in particular letters and / or digits. This has the advantage that, in addition to encoding the coin by the luminescent security feature as such, a further encoding takes place in the form of the letters, digits or symbols introduced into the edge, which further increases the security against forgery. The symbols are preferably introduced into the edge of the coin body by laser ablation, embossing, engraving, milling or drilling.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die mindestens eine Vertiefung einen Querschnitt auf, welcher ausgehend vom Rand in Richtung des Inneren des Münzkörpers größer wird. Die Öffnung der Vertiefung am Rand des Münzkörpers ist damit kleiner als die im Inneren des Münzkörpers liegenden Querschnitte der Vertiefung. Aufgrund dieser relativ kleinen "Angriffsfläche" ist das in der Vertiefung befindliche lumineszierende Sicherheitsmerkmal besonders zuverlässig vor mechanischen Beanspruchungen und Umwelteinflüssen geschützt.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one recess has a cross section which, starting from the edge, increases in the direction of the interior of the coin body. The opening of the recess at the edge of the coin body is therefore smaller than the cross-sections of the recess lying inside the coin body. Because of this relatively small "attack surface", the luminescent security feature located in the depression is particularly reliably protected from mechanical stresses and environmental influences.
Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei der mindestens einen lumineszierenden Substanz um eine photolumineszierende Substanz, welche bei Bestrahlung mit elektromagnetischer Strahlung, insbesondere Licht, Lumineszenz zeigt, d.h. zur Aussendung von Emissionslicht angeregt wird. Der Spektralbereich des Emissionslichts ist in der Regel vom Spektralbereich der anregenden elektromagnetischen Strahlung verschieden, kann aber mit diesem überlappen. Insbesondere zeigt die photolumineszierende Substanz Fluoreszenz und/oder Phosphoreszenz. Bei Fluoreszenz beträgt die Nachleuchtdauer des angeregten Lichts typischerweise bis zu etwa 10-6 s, während bei Phosphoreszenz längere, insbesondere deutlich längere, Nachleuchtdauern auftreten.The at least one luminescent substance is preferably a photoluminescent substance which, when exposed to electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, shows luminescence, ie is excited to emit emission light. The spectral range of the emission light is usually different from the spectral range of the exciting electromagnetic radiation, but can overlap with it. In particular, the photoluminescent substance shows fluorescence and / or phosphorescence. In the case of fluorescence, the afterglow period of the excited light is typically up to about 10 -6 s, while in the case of phosphorescence longer, in particular significantly longer, afterglow periods occur.
Bei einer Ausführungsform ist in der Vertiefung ein organisches Harz vorgesehen, in welchem die lumineszierende Substanz dispergiert oder gelöst ist. Die lumineszierende Substanz wird hierdurch auf einfache Weise in die Vertiefung eingebracht und dort mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit gehalten, was Abnutzungseffekte aufgrund von mechanischer Beanspruchung und Umwelteinflüssen während des Umlaufs weiter reduziert.In one embodiment, an organic resin is provided in the recess, in which the luminescent substance is dispersed or is resolved. The luminescent substance is thereby introduced into the recess in a simple manner and held there with high reliability, which further reduces wear effects due to mechanical stress and environmental influences during the circulation.
Vorzugsweise ist das, insbesondere mit einem Farbstoffadditiv versehene, Harz zusammen mit der darin dispergierten bzw. gelösten lumineszierenden Substanz für das bloße Auge sichtbar. Neben einer einfachen und schnellen maschinellen Prüfung kann dadurch auch mit bloßem Auge erkannt werden, ob das Sicherheitsmerkmal im Randbereich der Münze vorhanden ist.The resin, in particular provided with a dye additive, is preferably visible to the naked eye together with the luminescent substance dispersed or dissolved therein. In addition to a simple and quick machine check, it can also be recognized with the naked eye whether the security feature is present in the edge area of the coin.
Alternativ ist es aber auch möglich, dass das Harz zusammen mit der darin dispergierten bzw. gelösten lumineszierenden Substanz transparent und/oder mit bloßem Auge nicht oder nur schwer erkennbar ist. Bei dieser Variante ist das Sicherheitsmerkmal also einer maschinellen Prüfung oder einer Prüfung mit Hilfsmitteln, wie z.B. einer Lupe, einem Mikroskop oder einem UV-Strahler, vorbehalten.Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the resin, together with the luminescent substance dispersed or dissolved therein, to be transparent and / or not or only with difficulty to be seen with the naked eye. In this variant, the security feature is a machine test or a test with aids, such as reserved for a magnifying glass, a microscope or a UV lamp.
Es ist ferner möglich, dass die lumineszierende Substanz bzw. die Lumineszenzstoffe auf einem anorganischen Trägerstoff oder Füllstoff in Form von Partikeln aufgebracht ist bzw. sind. Die Partikel, welcher vorzugsweise einen Durchmesser von weniger als 100 µm aufweisen, werden insbesondere mittels eines Harzes in die Vertiefung eingebracht.It is also possible for the luminescent substance or the luminescent substances to be applied to an inorganic carrier substance or filler in the form of particles. The particles, which preferably have a diameter of less than 100 μm, are introduced into the depression in particular by means of a resin.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist die lumineszierende Substanz zwei oder mehrere Lumineszenzstoffe auf. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das Spektrum des in der lumineszierenden Substanz angeregten und emittierten Lichts komplexer ist und dadurch wesentlich schwerer nachgeahmt werden kann als bei Verwendung von nur einem Lumineszenzstoff.In a further advantageous development of the invention, the luminescent substance has two or more luminescent substances. What is achieved thereby is that the spectrum of the light excited and emitted in the luminescent substance is more complex and therefore essential More difficult to imitate than when using only one luminescent substance.
Hierbei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn ein erster Lumineszenzstoff elektromagnetische Strahlung in einem ersten Spektralbereich absorbieren und ein zweiter Lumineszenzstoff nach einer Anregung durch elektromagnetische Strahlung Emissionslicht in einem zweiten Spektralbereich emittieren kann, wobei sich der erste und zweite Spektralbereich zumindest teilweise überlappen. Das vom zweiten Lumineszenzstoff ausgesandte Emissionslicht regt hierbei den ersten Lumineszenzstoff zur weiteren Aussendung von Emissionslicht an, wobei ein Energietransfer zwischen den beiden Lumineszenzstoffen stattfindet. So kann eine für die Anregungswellenlänge untypische Emissionswellenlänge erreicht werden und daher eine Nachahmung des Sicherheitsmerkmals erschwert werden.It is particularly advantageous if a first luminescent substance can absorb electromagnetic radiation in a first spectral range and a second luminescent substance can emit emission light in a second spectral range after being excited by electromagnetic radiation, the first and second spectral ranges at least partially overlapping. The emission light emitted by the second luminescent substance excites the first luminescent substance to further emit emission light, an energy transfer taking place between the two luminescent substances. In this way, an emission wavelength that is atypical for the excitation wavelength can be achieved and therefore it is difficult to imitate the security feature.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung in Zusammenhang mit den Figuren. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein erstes Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Münze in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
- Fig. 2
- ein erstes Beispiel einer Schnittansicht durch die in
gezeigte Münze;Figur 1 - Fig. 3
- ein zweites Beispiel einer Schnittansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Münze;
- Fig. 4
- ein drittes Beispiel einer Schnittansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Münze;
- Fig. 5
- ein zweites Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Münze in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
- Fig. 6
- ein Beispiel einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Prüfung der erfindungsgemäßen Münze;
- Fig. 7
- ein erstes Beispiel von Signalen, die bei der Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Prüfung von Münzen erhaltenen werden; und
- Fig. 8
- ein zweites Beispiel von Signalen, die bei der Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Prüfung von Münzen erhaltenen werden.
- Fig. 1
- a first example of a coin according to the invention in a perspective view;
- Fig. 2
- a first example of a sectional view through the in
Figure 1 coin shown; - Fig. 3
- a second example of a sectional view through a coin according to the invention;
- Fig. 4
- a third example of a sectional view through a coin according to the invention;
- Fig. 5
- a second example of a coin according to the invention in a perspective view;
- Fig. 6
- an example of a device for performing the method for testing the coin according to the invention;
- Fig. 7
- a first example of signals obtained when performing the method for verifying coins; and
- Fig. 8
- a second example of signals obtained when performing the method for verifying coins.
Der Münzkörper 1 ist aus Metall oder einer Metalllegierung hergestellt und im Bereich der Vorderseite 2 sowie der Rückseite 3 mit einer Prägung versehen. Auch der Rand 4 des Münzkörpers 1 kann mit einer Prägung, insbesondere einer sogenannten Rändelung, versehen sein (beides nicht gezeigt).The
Der Rand 4 des Münzkörpers 1 weist mehrere Vertiefungen 5 auf, in welche jeweils ein Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 eingebracht ist, das mindestens eine lumineszierende Substanz aufweist. Die Vertiefungen 5 im Rand 4 des Münzkörpers 1 werden im gezeigten Beispiel von Löchern in Form von Hohlräumen gebildet, die zum Rand 4 hin jeweils eine - im dargestellten Beispiel kreisförmige - Öffnung aufweisen.The
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu den vorstehend beschriebenen Beispielen können die Vertiefungen 5 auch verschiedene andere Formen und/ oder Größen haben. Beispielsweise kann an Stelle einer kreisförmigen Querschnittsfläche der Vertiefungen 5 eine ovale, dreieckige, viereckige, vieleckige oder aber auch beliebig geformte Querschnittsfläche vorgesehen sein. Ferner können die Vertiefungen 5 an Stelle einer zylinder- oder kegelstumpfförmigen Gestalt auch die Form einer Mulde haben. Ferner ist es auch möglich, die Vertiefungen 5 im Rand 4 länglich auszugestalten, so dass eine oder mehrere Nuten erhalten werden. Hierbei kann es vorteilhaft sein, eine entlang des gesamten Randes 4 verlaufende Nut vorzusehen.As an alternative or in addition to the examples described above, the
Auch die Größe der Vertiefungen kann variiert werden und an die jeweiligen Anforderungen hinsichtlich Fälschungssicherheit und/oder Verschleißsicherheit angepasst werden. So können die Öffnungen 7 am Rand 4 und/oder die Querschnittsflächen der Vertiefungen 5 und/oder die Tiefe der Vertiefungen 5 relativ zur Breite des Randes 4 kleiner oder größer sein als in den gezeigten Beispielen.The size of the depressions can also be varied and adapted to the respective requirements with regard to forgery protection and / or wear protection. Thus, the
Entsprechend den vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit den
Wie bereits eingangs näher erläutert, bietet die erfindungsgemäße Einbringung von lumineszierenden Substanzen im Bereich des Randes 4 des Münzkörpers 1 einen erhöhten Schutz der lumineszierenden Substanzen vor Abrasion, Stößen und anderen Umwelteinflüssen.As already explained in more detail at the beginning, the introduction according to the invention of luminescent substances in the area of the
Die Einbringung der lumineszierenden Substanz in die Vertiefungen 5 erfolgt mit Hilfe von organischen Harzen oder Klebstoffsystemen, in welchen die lumineszierende Substanz gelöst oder dispergiert wird. Grundsätzlich können als lumineszierende Substanzen organische oder anorganische Leuchtstoffe oder auch Kombinationen aus organischen und anorganischen Leuchtstoffen verwendet werden.The luminescent substance is introduced into the
Als Leuchtstoffe können hierbei organische und anorganische Downconverter-Luminophore, Upconverter-Luminophore sowie photochrome Luminophore verwendet werden. Downconverter-Luminophore wandeln das Anregungslicht in niederenergetischeres Emissionslicht um, während Upconverter-Luminophore das Anregungslicht in höherenergetischeres Emissionslicht umwandeln. Bei photochromen Luminophoren kann sich bei Bestrahlung mit Anregungslicht bestimmter Wellenlängen das Absorptionsverhalten reversibel ändern. Vorzugsweise werden Kombinationen mehrerer, im jeweils gewählten Harzsystem gut löslicher Luminophore verwendet.Organic and inorganic downconverter luminophores, upconverter luminophores and photochromic luminophores can be used as luminophores. Downconverter luminophores convert the excitation light into lower-energy emission light, while upconverter luminophores convert the excitation light into higher-energy emission light. In the case of photochromic luminophores, the absorption behavior can change reversibly when exposed to excitation light of certain wavelengths. Combinations of several luminophores which are readily soluble in the resin system selected are preferably used.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Kombination der Luminophore so gewählt, dass das Absorptionsspektrum eines Luminophors jeweils mit dem Emissionsspektrum eines weiteren Luminophors zumindest teilweise spektral überlappt und somit ein Energietransfer zwischen den kombinierten Luminophoren stattfinden kann.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the combination of the luminophores is chosen so that the absorption spectrum of one luminophore at least partially spectrally overlaps with the emission spectrum of a further luminophore and thus an energy transfer between the combined luminophores can take place.
Das Leuchtstoffsystem kann auch, zur Einbringung in die Vertiefungen mittels eines Harzes, auf anorganische Trägerstoffe aufgezogen werden. Als Trägerstoff eignen sich hierbei insbesondere, jedoch nicht ausschließlich, Titandioxid, wie z.B. Rutil und Anatas, Silikate, Glas, Bariumsulfat und Aluminiumoxid. Die jeweils bevorzugten Korngrößen liegen hierbei unter 100 µm (D99), bevorzugt unter 20 µm.The phosphor system can also be applied to inorganic substrates for introduction into the depressions by means of a resin. Particularly, but not exclusively, titanium dioxide, such as e.g. Rutile and anatase, silicates, glass, barium sulfate and aluminum oxide. The respectively preferred grain sizes are below 100 µm (D99), preferably below 20 µm.
Als Harz bzw. Klebstoffsystem eignen sich insbesondere Cyanacrylate, Acrylate, Methacrylate, Polyurethane und insbesondere Zwei-Komponenten-Epoxid-Systeme. Auch Mischungen der erwähnten Harzsysteme können verwendet werden. Optional kann die Oberfläche der Vertiefungen 5 vor dem Einbringen des Sicherheitsmerkmals 6 mit einem sogenannten Primer als Haftvermittler zwischen dem Metall des Münzkörpers 1 einerseits und dem Harz bzw. Klebstoff andererseits vorbehandelt werden.Particularly suitable resins or adhesive systems are cyanoacrylates, acrylates, methacrylates, polyurethanes and, in particular, two-component epoxy systems. Mixtures of the resin systems mentioned can also be used. The surface of the
Die Kombination aus Harzsystem und Lumineszenzstoff kann so gewählt werden, dass das Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 transparent ist und/oder nach dem Einbringen in die Vertiefungen 5 mit dem bloßen Auge nicht oder nur schwer erkennbar ist. Diese Ausführung ist besonders bevorzugt, wenn das Sicherheitsmerkmal rein maschinell auslesbar sein soll.The combination of resin system and luminescent substance can be selected in such a way that the
Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch ebenfalls möglich, opake Klebersysteme und/oder zusätzliche Farbstoffadditive zu verwenden, so dass das Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 als, insbesondere farbige, Markierung am Rand 4 des Münzkörpers 1 mit bloßem Auge sichtbar ist. Diese Variante ist insbesondere dann bevorzugt, wenn das maschinell auslesbare Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 zusätzlich mit dem bloßen Auge erkennbar sein soll.In principle, however, it is also possible to use opaque adhesive systems and / or additional dye additives, so that the
Im Folgenden werden weitere Ausführungsbeispiele für Münzen angegeben, bei welchen die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile zum Tragen kommen und welche sich in erfindungsgemäßer Weise einfach herstellen und mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf Echtheit prüfen lassen.In the following, further exemplary embodiments for coins are given in which the advantages according to the invention come into play and which can be easily produced in the manner according to the invention and checked for authenticity at high speed.
Ein Münzkörper mit einem Durchmesser von 25 mm, einer Dicke von 2,5 mm, kreisförmigen Vertiefungen mit 1,5 mm Durchmesser sowie 1 mm Tiefe in der Rändelung des Randes 4 wird mit einem Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 gemäß der oben beschriebenen Erfindung versehen. Dazu wird ein UVhärtender Acrylkleber, insbesondere der Marke Loctite® 350 der Firma Henkel, mit 0,5 %o Fluorescein vermischt und die Vertiefungen 5 an der Rändelung damit gefüllt. Der Münzkörper wird anschließend bei 60°C für zwei Stunden ausgehärtet.A coin body with a diameter of 25 mm, a thickness of 2.5 mm, circular depressions with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a depth of 1 mm in the knurling of the
Ein Münzkörper mit einem Durchmesser von 10 mm und einer Dicke von 1,5 mm sowie einer 0,5 mm breiten und 1 mm tiefen rillenförmigen Vertiefung in der Rändelung am Rand 4 wird an der Rändelung mit einem Primer 94 der Marke 3M® vorbehandelt. Nach einer Trockenzeit von etwa 10 Minuten wird eine Mischung des Epoxidharzes DP760 von 3M® und 1 %o Fluorescein in die Rille eingebracht und der dabei erhaltene Münzkörper bei 70°C für eine Stunde ausgehärtet.A coin body with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm and a 0.5 mm wide and 1 mm deep groove-shaped depression in the knurling on the
Ein Münzkörper mit einem Durchmesser von 30 mm, einer Dicke von 2,0 mm sowie kreisförmigen Vertiefungen mit 1 mm Durchmesser und 1 mm Tiefe in der Rändelung wird mit dem Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 gemäß der beschriebenen Erfindung versehen. Dazu wird das Epoxidharz 330 der Marke Loctite® der Firma Henkel mit 5 % XYMARA® Marker Turquoise LF1A von Ciba® vermischt und die Vertiefungen an der Rändelung damit aufgefüllt. Zur Aushärtung werden die gefüllten Vertiefungen mit Licht der Wellenlänge 365 nm und einer Intensität von 100 mW/cm2 für jeweils eine Minute bestrahlt.A coin body with a diameter of 30 mm, a thickness of 2.0 mm and circular depressions with a diameter of 1 mm and a depth of 1 mm in the knurling is provided with the
Nach Einbringen des Sicherheitsmerkmals 6 in die erfindungsgemäße Vertiefung kann die jeweilige Münze, z.B. durch Prägen der Vorderseite und der Rückseite, fertig gestellt werden. Das Sicherheitsmerkmal 6 kann aber auch erst nach dem Prägen der Münze eingebracht werden, wobei die Vertiefungen vor oder nach dem Prägen in die Münze eingebracht werden können.
Das Messsystem weist eine erste Leuchtdiode 11 zur Erzeugung von Anregungslicht 12 auf, welches auf den Rand 4 des Münzkörpers 1 der Münze fokussiert ist und das in den Vertiefungen am Rand 4 der Münze befindliche Sicherheitsmerkmal zur Aussendung von Emissionslicht 13 anregen kann.The measuring system has a first
Das Emissionslicht 13 wird, ggf. nach Durchlaufen eines Filters 14, von einer Photodiode 15 erfasst und in ein entsprechendes Messsignal S1 umgewandelt. Gleichzeitig wird der Durchgang des Münzkörpers 1 durch den Anregungslichtstrahl 12 der ersten Leuchtdiode 11 mit Hilfe einer zweiten Photodiode 16, welche gegenüber der ersten Leuchtdiode 11 angeordnet ist, gemessen. Die weitere Photodiode 16 wird im Moment des Durchrollens des Münzkörpers 1 durch den Lichtstrahl 12 abgedunkelt und liefert somit ebenfalls ein Messsignal S2, welches einer Auswertungseinrichtung 17 zugeführt wird. Das Messsignal S2 der zweiten Photodiode 16 kann als Triggersignal für die Detektion des Emissionslichts 13 verwendet werden.The
Die
Bei einem Durchlauf einer Münze, die das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist, durch das Messsystem ergeben sich die in
Durchläuft dagegen eine Münze, die das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitsmerkmal nicht aufweist, das Messsystem, so ergeben sich die in
Zur Verbesserung der Detektion kann die Vorrichtung mit zusätzlichen Leuchtdioden zur mehrfachen Verifizierung der Echtheit der Münzen versehen werden. Ferner ist es möglich, Linsen zur verbesserten Fokussierung des Anregungslichts 12 sowie weitere optische Filter vorzusehen. Alternativ zu der im Beispiel gezeigten Leuchtdiode 11 kann als Anregungslichtquelle auch ein Laser verwendet werden.To improve the detection, the device can be provided with additional light-emitting diodes for multiple verification of the authenticity of the coins. Furthermore, it is possible to provide lenses for improved focusing of the
Die erste und/oder zweite Photodiode 15 bzw. 16 kann bei Bedarf auch durch einen ortsauflösenden Detektor ersetzt werden, der eine Vielzahl von in einer Linie oder Fläche angeordnete Detektorelemente aufweist. Das vom Münzrand ausgehende Emissionslicht kann dadurch ortsaufgelöst erfasst werden, so dass daraus Informationen bezüglich Form und/oder Größe der lichtemittierenden Bereiche abgeleitet werden können. Insbesondere ist es möglich, die auf diese Weise erfassten ein- oder zweidimensionalen Bilder mit Referenzbildern zu vergleichen. Dies ist von besonderem Vorteil, wenn die lumineszierenden Bereiche die Form von Buchstaben, Zahlen oder anderen Symbolen haben.The first and / or
Mit der dargestellten Vorrichtung kann auf einfache Weise ermittelt werden, ob eine Münze ein in den Rand 4 des Münzkörpers 1 eingebrachtes Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist. Die Geschwindigkeit der Messung des Sicherheitsmerkmals ist dabei hauptsächlich durch die Geschwindigkeit der Münze limitiert, d.h. je schneller die Münze durch das Messsystem rollen kann, desto schneller ist die Messung abgeschlossen und die Vorrichtung bereit für die Prüfung der nächsten Münze. Hierdurch wird eine maschinelle Echtheitsbestimmung von Münzen mit Messzeiten von vorzugsweise weniger als 10 Millisekunden pro Münze, insbesondere weniger als 5 Millisekunden pro Münze erreicht. Dies ist von besonderem Vorteil bei Vorrichtungen, die zur Prüfung von großen Mengen an Münzen vorgesehen sind und beispielsweise in Geschäfts- oder Zentralbanken eingesetzt werden.With the device shown, it can be determined in a simple manner whether a coin has a security feature introduced into the
Claims (14)
- Coin with a disc-shaped coin body (1), which has an edge (4), wherein in the edge (4) of the coin body (1) at least one recess (5) is provided, in which at least one luminescent substance (6) is provided, characterized in that the coin body is made of metal or a metal alloy, and the luminescent substance is introduced into the recess with the help of an organic resin or with the help of adhesive systems, in which the luminescent substance is dissolved or dispersed.
- Coin according to claim 1, wherein the edge (4) of the coin body (1) has an edge surface, in which the at least one recess (5) is provided, in particular inserted.
- Coin according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one recess (5) is hole-shaped.
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one recess (5) has an opening (7) located at the edge (4) of the coin body (1).
- Coin according to claim 4, wherein the opening (7) located at the edge (4) of the coin body (1) has the shape of a symbol, in particular of a letter and/or a number.
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one recess (5) has a cross-section, which increases from the edge (4) towards the interior of the coin body (1).
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminescent substance (6) comprises a photoluminescent, in particular a fluorescent and/or phosphorescent, substance.
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resin, which in particular is provided with a dye additive, together with the luminescent substance (6) dispersed or dissolved therein, is visible to the naked eye.
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resin together with the luminescent substance (6) dispersed or dissolved therein is transparent and/or not or hardly visible to the naked eye.
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminescent substance (6) comprises two or more luminescent substances.
- Coin according to claim 10, wherein a first luminescent substance can absorb electromagnetic radiation in a first spectral region, and a second luminescent substance, after excitation by electromagnetic radiation, can emit emission light in a second spectral range, wherein the first and second spectral range at least partially overlap.
- Coin according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminescent substance (6) or the luminescent substances is or are, respectively, applied to an inorganic carrier.
- Method for examining a coin according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the coin, in particular the edge of the coin body (1), is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation (12),
electromagnetic radiation (13) emanating from the coin, in particular emission light emanating from the edge (4) of the coin body (1), is detected by a detector (15) and converted into a detector signal (S1), and the detector signal (S1) is used for an examination of the coin. - Method for producing a coin comprising a disc-shaped coin body (1), which has an edge (4),
characterized in that
the coin body is made of metal or a metal alloy, and the edge (4) of the coin body (1) is provided with at least one recess (5), into which at least one luminescent substance (6) is introduced, wherein the luminescent substance is introduced into the recess with the help of an organic resin or with the help of adhesive systems, in which the luminescent substance is dissolved or is dispersed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012017914.6A DE102012017914A1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Coin and method for testing and making a coin |
PCT/EP2013/002699 WO2014040718A1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-09-09 | Coin and methods for testing and producing a coin |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2896020A1 EP2896020A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2896020B1 true EP2896020B1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
Family
ID=49123819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13759450.3A Active EP2896020B1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-09-09 | Coin and methods for testing and producing a coin |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2896020B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012017914A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014040718A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2551318A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-20 | Scan Coin Ab | Method and apparatus for sensing taggants |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010013148A1 (en) * | 2010-03-27 | 2011-09-29 | Saxonia Eurocoin Gmbh | Bimetal coin i.e. coin blank, for international currency denomination, has disk shaped partial plate and annular partial ring that are added to composite, and insulating layer arranged between plate and ring in form- and force-fit manner |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3983646A (en) * | 1974-08-08 | 1976-10-05 | Gamex Industries Inc. | Chip structure |
US5673503A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-10-07 | Trend Plastics Inc. | Gaming chip with edge insert and process for fabricating same |
ATE285689T1 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2005-01-15 | Htp High Tech Plastics Ag | DISC-SHAPED JETONE AS A PLASTIC RING WITH FILLING BODY |
DE202007008535U1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2007-09-13 | Heimann, Sven | Game chip, especially poker chip |
GB201008177D0 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2010-06-30 | Scan Coin Ab | Coin discriminators |
US20110305919A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Authentix, Inc. | Metallic materials with embedded luminescent particles |
-
2012
- 2012-09-11 DE DE102012017914.6A patent/DE102012017914A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-09-09 WO PCT/EP2013/002699 patent/WO2014040718A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-09-09 EP EP13759450.3A patent/EP2896020B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010013148A1 (en) * | 2010-03-27 | 2011-09-29 | Saxonia Eurocoin Gmbh | Bimetal coin i.e. coin blank, for international currency denomination, has disk shaped partial plate and annular partial ring that are added to composite, and insulating layer arranged between plate and ring in form- and force-fit manner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102012017914A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
WO2014040718A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2896020A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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