EP2872276A1

EP2872276A1 - Method and components for producing a tool unit for a deep drilling machine

Info

Publication number: EP2872276A1
Application number: EP13734789.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andreas Bernt; Gerhard Mack
Original assignee: TBT Tiefbohrteckhik GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: TBT Tiefbohrteckhik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2012-07-16
Filing date: 2013-07-09
Publication date: 2015-05-20
Also published as: DE102012212438A1; WO2014012821A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a tool unit (100) for a deep drilling machine having an exchangeable tool head (130), such as a drill head, which is detachably fastened to a drill pipe (110). The drill pipe has an end proximal to the machine, having devices for accommodating the drill pipe on a working spindle of the deep drilling machine, and an end distal from the machine, having a first connecting structure (112) for attaching a tool head. The tool head has a second connecting structure (136). The tool head (130) is fastened to the drill pipe (110) by means of an multi-piece adapter unit (150) arranged therebetween, wherein a first adapter piece (160) of the adapter unit is connected to the drill pipe (110), a second adapter piece (170) of the adapter unit is connected to the tool head (130), and the first and second adapter pieces are connected to each other in a rotationally fixed and centered manner by means of corresponding first and second interface structures of an adapter interface (200). The adapter interface is preferably designed as an axial plug-in connection.

Description

description

Method and components for producing a tool unit for a deep hole drilling machine

BACKGROUND

The invention relates to a method for producing a tool unit for a deep drilling machine according to the preamble of claim 1. In the method, a replaceable tool head is releasably secured to a drill pipe. The invention further relates to a tool unit for a deep drilling machine according to the preamble of claim 6. The tool unit has a drill pipe and a replaceable tool head detachably fastened or fastened to the drill pipe.

Deep hole drilling is a special drilling method used primarily to make holes from 1mm to 1,500mm diameter with a hole depth greater than three times the diameter, with very deep holes having a depth / diameter ratio larger 200 can be produced.

A tooling unit for deep drilling usually has a drill pipe that acts like an extension and a tool head attached to the front end of the drill pipe, on which one or more cutting edges are arranged. A tool head, with which a drilling operation can be performed, is commonly referred to as a drill head. A characteristic feature of deep drilling is a continuous supply of cooling lubricant under pressure and a constant removal of chips without swarf strokes. This means that even deep holes can be made by the deep drilling in one go, and the tool unit does not have to be removed in between for the purpose of removing from the bore. Essentially, there are three types of deep drilling, namely single-deep drilling, BTA deep drilling, which is also referred to as STS (Single Tube System) deep drilling, and Ejector deep drilling, also known as deep drilling with a two-pipe system These methods differ with regard to the design of the tool units used, in the cooling lubricant flow as well as in chip flow In BTA or STS deep hole drilling, the cooling lubricant is supplied from outside via a special coolant lubricant supply system, whereby the cooling lubricant is forced under pressure into an annular space between the outside The coolant and chip return is carried out by a cavity channel provided in the interior of the deep hole drilling tool.

Ejector deep drilling is a variant of BTA deep drilling. Ejector deep drilling uses a drill pipe with two concentrically arranged tubes, an outer tube and an inner tube. The supply of the cooling lubricant takes place through a coolant supply device in an annular space between the outer tube and the inner tube. The coolant flows along in the annular space of the drill pipe and emerges laterally outwards in the hole at the front of the tool head or drill head and flows around it from the outside. Subsequently, the cooling lubricant flows back together with the chips, in the inner tube, which forms the cavity channel.

Drilling heads or other tool heads are usually screwed to the drill pipe via a connection head formed on the tool head, which has a corresponding connection thread at the machine-distal end for this purpose. If the connection threads of the drill pipe and the tool head do not match, an adapter pipe provided with threaded sections on both sides can be attached to the drill pipe be screwed, which fits at its tube-side end to the connection thread of the drill pipe and at the other end has a connection thread to the tool head matching connection thread. The adapter tube then forms the free end of the drill pipe. The connection threads can be designed as external threads or internal threads. The most common thread types are single-start and four-start threads.

When changing the tool head, the tool head is released by hand using a hook wrench and unscrewed from the drill pipe. The new tool head is inserted with its pipe-side connection section in or on the drill pipe and tightened by hand with the hook wrench. Such a tool head change usually takes between 1 and 20 minutes, depending on the diameter of the tool head. In drilling units for larger bore diameter, a flange connection between the drill pipe and the tool head may be provided.

TASK AND SOLUTION

It is an object of the invention to simplify tool head replacement on tool units for deep hole drilling machines. In particular, a tool unit and a method for its production are to be provided, which enable an automated tool head change. Preferably, an automated tool head change is to be made using commercially available drill pipes or drill heads.

To achieve these objects, the invention provides a method for producing a tool unit for a deep hole drilling machine with the features of claim 1. Furthermore, a tool unit for a deep hole drilling machine having the feature of claim 6 is provided. In addition, an adapter unit having the features of claim 20 is provided.

In the method of manufacturing a tooling unit for a deep drilling machine, a drill pipe is used which has a machine-end with means for receiving the drill pipe to a work spindle of the deep hole drilling machine and a machine-distal end with a first connection structure for mounting a tool head. Furthermore, a tool head is used, which has a second connection structure. The first and the second connection structure can be designed, for example, as mating connection threads, which allow the tool head to be screwed directly to the machine-distal end of the drill pipe. However, it is not mandatory that the first and the second connection structure match each other directly.

In contrast to the conventional procedure, the tool head is attached to the drill pipe with the interposition of a multi-part adapter unit in the method according to the invention. In this case, a first adapter piece of the adapter unit is connected to the drill pipe, a second adapter piece of the adapter unit is connected to the tool head and the first and the second adapter piece are rotatably and centered connected by means of corresponding first and second interface structures of an adapter interface.

For this purpose, the first adapter piece preferably has at its machine-side end a first connection structure corresponding to the first connection structure of the drill pipe for connection to the drill pipe and first interface structures of the adapter interface at its machine-distal end. The second adapter piece has, at its machine-distal end, a second connection structure corresponding to the second connection structure of the tool head for connection to the tool head and to its machine-side End of second interface structures of the adapter interface. The terms "near the machine" and "remote from the machine" here refer to the orientation of these ends in the assembled state of the tool unit, wherein the drill pipe is the machine-related component of the tool unit.

Through the interposition of the multi-part adapter unit for the tool head change particularly advantageous new interface in the form of the adapter interface between drill pipe and tool head is inserted. As a result, you are no longer bound to the tool head changes necessary for the conventional tool head change working movements. Rather, the newly inserted interface can be optimized with regard to an automatic tool head change. This makes it easier and faster than previously possible to use the same deep hole drilling machine in a workpiece holes with different diameters introduce. Furthermore, the deep hole drilling machine can be retrofitted much faster than before for the processing of different workpieces and / or for the implementation of different Tiefbohrprozes- se.

The preparation of the connection between the first adapter piece and the drill pipe can take place before or after the connection of the second adapter piece with the tool head, possibly also simultaneously with it. Often it will be advantageous if two or more similar or different tool heads are already prepared for the Bohrkopfwechsel by corresponding second adapter pieces are connected to the tool heads. The prepared in this way units with a tool head and an associated second adapter piece, which are referred to in this application as a tool head units can be kept in appropriate storage locations for later tool head change. A suitable first adapter piece can be attached to the drill pipe so that the drill pipe is prepared for receiving different preassembled tool head units. Such a pre-assembled unit with drill pipe and first adapter piece is referred to in this application as a drill pipe unit.

In some embodiments, the first connection structure formed on the drill pipe is configured as a connection thread (external thread or internal thread), and the second connection structure formed on the tool head is designed as a connection thread (internal thread or external thread) that corresponds to this connection thread. In this case, the first adapter piece can be connected by screwing directly to the drill pipe and the second adapter piece can be connected by screwing directly to the tool head.

Instead of a connection with intermeshing connection threads, a flange connection can also be provided. In this case, a flange element can be provided on the machine-distal end of the drill pipe and a mating flange element mating thereto can be provided on the first adapter piece, which are connected to one another by screws, for example. A corresponding connection may be provided between the second adapter piece and the tool head. Flange connections have the advantage that the elements to be joined together do not have to be rotated against each other during the manufacture and release of the connection.

If the second connection structure formed on the tool head does not fit directly to the first connection structure on the drill pipe, the necessary adaptation or adaptation can be achieved with the aid of the multi-part adapter unit. The use of a conventional adapter tube can then be dispensed with since the adapter unit then have a mechanical dual function (providing the adapter interface and adaptation of the tube-side and head-side connection structures). As a further function, a media transfer for controllable tool systems can be provided via the adapter interface.

In preferred embodiments of the method, the first and the second adapter pieces are inserted into one another via an axial relative movement for the purpose of establishing the connection between the adapter pieces. The term "axial" in this application generally refers to a direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the tool unit, which corresponds to the axis of rotation of the tool unit during operation. The adapter interface is designed in these cases as a plug connection. This makes it possible to dispense with the mounting of the tool head on the drill pipe on relative rotations between these components. Axial connectors are particularly well suited for automation of tool head replacement.

Instead of the plug connection, it is also possible to provide a screw connection, so that the adapter pieces can be screwed directly into one another under relative rotation in order to produce a screw connection. This may be desirable, for example, if there is an automated means for rotating the drill pipe about its axis and / or automated means for rotating the tool head about its axis. The first and the second adapter piece can then have matching threads at the adapter interface as interface structures, which allow direct screwing of one of the adapter pieces into the other adapter piece. For the realization of an adapter interface designed as a plug connection, it has turned out to be advantageous if one of the adapter pieces, in particular the drill adapter to be attached to the drill pipe, ie the machine-side first adapter piece, has an interface structure with a ner conical receptacle having an inner cone and the other adapter piece, in particular the tool adapter associated with the second adapter piece, a corresponding interface structure having a corresponding to the inner cone outer cone. As a result, it is possible to achieve an exact centering of the adapter pieces to be connected without further measures. In addition, a conical connection offers potential for high clamping forces.

In some embodiments, at least one recess or depression is formed on the outer surface of the outer cone, which can serve as an engagement structure for one or more locking elements of a locking device. The recess may be formed as a circumferential clamping groove, preferably with inclined side surfaces.

The interface structure with outer cone can also be designed in the manner of a hollow shaft cone (HSK). Here, engagement structures for one or more locking elements may be formed in the interior of the hollow shaft cone.

A secure torque transmission even with large machining forces is achieved in some embodiments in that the first adapter piece and the second adapter piece have corresponding driver structures which engage in the axial mating of the first and the second adapter piece for producing a positive direction in the circumferential direction positive connection. For this purpose, corresponding toothings or projections or recesses may be provided on mutually facing end faces of the adapter pieces, if necessary, one or more dowel pins may also be used, which engage in corresponding bores when plugged together. With regard to the aim of realizing high clamping forces in addition to a secure torque transmission and an exact centering in the region of the new interface and thereby achieving a reliable hold of the units coupled to one another in the region of the adapter interface, it is provided in some embodiments, that the first adapter piece and the second adapter piece are axially locked after the axial assembly by means of a locking device which can be actuated on the machine side. After locking, the adapter pieces coupled to one another are secured against loosening of the plug-in connection by means of a form fit acting in the axial direction. A separation of the tool unit in the area of the adapter interface is then possible only after unlocking or after the opening of the locking device. Preferably, elements of the locking device are designed such that in the manufacture of the locking configuration, in which the adapter pieces are secured in the axial direction by positive engagement against loosening of the connection, additionally acting in the axial direction of the tool unit retraction force is generated. As a result, the adapter unit can be additionally stabilized in the area of the adapter interface.

A locking device can be designed so that it can be controlled by means of an electric drive from the side of the deep hole drilling machine. In preferred embodiments, the locking device is actuated hydraulically. For this purpose, possibly existing hydraulic units can be used anyway on the deep hole drilling machine for the cooling lubricant supply. Alternatively or additionally, a locking can be provided by means of spring force.

In one embodiment, the locking device has an axially displaceable actuating rod, which is coupled on the machine side to a piston which is arranged displaceably in a cylinder chamber. is net. The cylinder chamber can be connected via a first control line to the pressure side of a hydraulic pump. Preferably, the actuating rod has an axially continuous passage, the machine side is connected to a second control line, which may be a constituent part of a hydraulic tool control system for actuating a controllable cutting edge of the tool head. Thus, two independently controllable hydraulic systems can be used for the locking and any desired control of a controllable tool head. The actuator rod may also have two, three or more separate axial passageways to facilitate the control of more complex tool heads.

A drill pipe can have, in particular for this case, a first control line which can be connected to a first hydraulic pump and a second control line which can be used independently and can be connected to a second hydraulic pump. The control lines can be fixed in the drill pipe by means of suitable holders.

In a transition region between the first and the second adapter piece, a pressure-tight closing quick-plug coupling for a fluid control medium is provided in some embodiments. In this case, a first coupling part on the drill pipe side and a second coupling part on the tool head side are preferably designed such that a possible skew offset and / or axial offset is automatically compensated for when coupling the tool head unit to the drill pipe unit. Thus, when changing the tool head unit readily a pressure-tight connection for fluid control medium, such as hydraulic fluid can be created. Preferably, the coupling parts of the quick-release coupling in the coupled state are jointly axially movable. Then, the clutch can remain tightly closed during a Betätigungshubes an actuating rod. In BTA deep drilling and ejector deep drilling, the recirculation of cooling lubricant and chips is effected by a cavity channel formed in the interior of the tool unit, so that with corresponding drill heads at least one cavity channel extending from the machine-distal end to the machine-near end is provided. For these cases, at least one continuous cavity channel communicating therewith can also be provided on the first adapter piece, which leads into the interior of the drill pipe when the tool unit is assembled. Thus, for those elements that belong to the adapter interface, if necessary, only very little installation space in the radial direction is available. In order nevertheless to enable a reliable actuation of movable elements of the adapter interface, in some embodiments a piston chamber is formed in the first adapter piece, in which a piston element is accommodated, which is movable by application of hydraulic pressure against the force of a piston spring in the piston chamber , Wherein at least one hydraulic channel leads from the piston chamber in the direction of the first connecting pieces formed on the first adapter piece. As a result, actuating forces, which are required, for example, for locking and / or for generating sufficient pull-in forces, can be generated directly in the interior of the first adapter piece. The piston chamber is in preferred embodiments an annular space and the associated piston element is an annular piston element, wherein the annular space and the piston element enclose an axially continuous channel in the interior of the first adapter piece. This makes it possible despite the space limitations through the axially continuous cavity channel to achieve uniformly acting actuation forces for locking and clamping the co-operating in the region of the interface elements over the circumference of the adapter interface.

In order to enable a separate supply of control fluid (eg oil), for example for actuating a locking device even with internal chip return, is in some embodiments in the Drill tube coaxial with a cylindrical inner tube used whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drill pipe, so that an axially continuous annular gap remains between the drill pipe and the inner tube. This can be used to supply Steuerfluid in the direction of the adapter unit, while the cavity channel for chip return in the inner tube runs.

An automated tool head change is particularly fast and easy if the tool head unit (tool head and second adapter attached thereto) reliably detected by a gripper unit of a tool head changing system and can be connected in the correct position with the mounted on the drill pipe first adapter piece. For this purpose, in preferred embodiments, gripper structures are formed on the outside of the second adapter piece, which are adapted to corresponding counter-structures on the gripper unit such that a tool head unit gripped by a gripper unit has a predefined axial position relative to the gripper unit and preferably also a predefined rotational position relative to the gripper unit Gripper unit occupies. As a result, by means of precise control of the position of the gripper unit, the tool head unit for drill pipe unit can be positioned exactly and the interface structures of the adapter interface can interlock without unwanted collision. By way of example, the gripper structures can have one or more gripper grooves which are partially or completely circumferential in the circumferential direction.

In order to support a trouble-free automatic tool head change, in some embodiments on the outer circumference of the drill pipe and / or on the outer circumference of the first adapter piece a plurality of support strips are mounted, which cooperate with GE gene elements on the inside of a Bohrölzufuhparparates the tool unit and center the tool unit for a tool head change , This makes a low-wear, collision-free change possible. The invention also relates to an adapter unit of the type described in this application. The multi-part adapter unit preferably consists of exactly two detachably connectable units (the adapter pieces). An adapter piece may be constructed in one piece (only one component) or in several pieces from a plurality of assembled elements. By using such an adapter unit in conjunction with commercial drill pipes and tool heads, it is usually possible to retrofit or retrofit conventional deep drilling systems for automatic tool head change.

The invention also relates to a deep hole drilling machine with an automatic tool head changing system. The tool change head system preferably has one or more adapter units of the type described in this application.

These and other features are apparent from the claims and from the description and the drawings, the individual features each alone or more in the form of sub-combinations in an embodiment of the invention and in other fields be realized and advantageous and for can represent protectable designs. Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through an embodiment of a tool unit for a deep drilling machine, wherein the tool unit has a tool head in the form of a BTA

Bohrkopfs, which is coupled with the interposition of an adapter unit to a drill pipe; FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the tool unit of FIG. 1 in the region of the adapter interface between the adapter pieces of the adapter unit; FIG.

3 shows a schematic longitudinal section through another embodiment of a tool unit for a deep drilling machine, the tool unit having a drill head with a controllable cutting edge for boring a predrilled bore; and

4 shows an enlarged detailed representation of a section of the tool unit from FIG. 3 in the region of the adapter interface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section through an embodiment of a tool unit 100 for a deep hole drilling machine in a Bohrkopfwechselstellung or Werkzeugkopfwechselstellung shown. Some of the deep hole drilling machine units, namely a drill oil feeder 192 and a drill bushing 194 supported thereon, and a rotary union 196 are shown in dashed lines.

The tool unit has a metallic drill pipe 110 with a cylindrical cross-section, at the machine-near end of which devices for receiving the drill pipe are attached to a work spindle of the deep hole drilling machine. Using the work spindle, the tool unit can be rotated about the tool axis 102 during operation. At the machine-distal end of the drill pipe, a first connection structure 1 12 is formed in the form of a connection thread, which is designed as a four-thread internal thread for connecting a commercial drill head or other tool head with a corresponding four-course external thread. Other pipe coupling threads are possible, as well as other pipe sections. In the drill pipe coaxial with a cylindrical inner tube 120 is inserted, whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drill pipe, so that between the drill pipe and the inner tube an axially continuous annular gap 1 15 remains. The inner tube already exists on drill tubes prepared for ejector deep drilling. For drill pipes that are set up for BTA deep drilling, an inner pipe can be retrofitted. On the outer circumference of the drill pipe, a plurality of axially extending support strips 1 14 are mounted in the vicinity of the front connection thread, which interact with counter elements on the inside of Bohrölzufuhparparate at Bohrkopfwechsel and center the tool unit for Bohrkopfwechsel.

The machine-distal end of the tool unit is formed by a replaceable tool head 130, which in the exemplary case is a commercially available BTA solid drill head, which makes it possible to insert deep holes into a workpiece in the deep drilling method without prior predrilling. The tool head is also referred to below as a drill head 130 in the following. The drill head has one or more cutting edges 132 in the area of its machine-distal end face and a plurality of axially extending guide rails 134 on its circumference. A second connecting structure 136 in the form of a four-turn external thread is formed at the machine-end end of the drill head, with the aid of which the drill head 130 directly projects into the internal thread 1 12 at the front end of the drill pipe could be screwed. In the region of the off-machine face of the drill head are one or more chip collection ports, from which an axial cavity channel 138 leads through the externally threaded section to the machine-proximate end. Commercially available drill heads can be used, for example as described in DE 10 2010 018 959 A1. The drill head 130 is not directly (directly) connected to the drill pipe 1 10, but indirectly with the interposition of a multi-part adapter unit 150 coaxial with this attached to the drill pipe. The adapter unit has a first adapter piece 160 on the side of the drill pipe and a second adapter piece 170 on the side of the drill head. The adapter pieces can be fastened together or detached from one another by means of corresponding interface structures of an adapter interface 200.

The multi-piece first adapter 160 is constructed so that it can be connected directly to the off-machine end of the drill pipe and has an axially continuous cavity channel for chip return to the drill pipe. For this purpose, a first connection structure 162 in the form of an external thread is formed on a first sleeve-shaped base element 161 of the first adapter piece 160, which fits to the connection thread 12 of the drill pipe, so that the first adapter piece 160 can be screwed into the front end of the drill pipe 110. The machine-distal end of the first adapter piece 160 is formed by a second base member 163, which is also sleeve-shaped and can be bolted directly to the first base member 161 via interlocking threads. At the machine-distal end of the first adapter piece, its inner diameter widens conically towards the free end, so that a cone receptacle 210 with inner cone is formed. The cone angle (angle between the tool axis and a generatrix of the inner conical surface) is in the example case at about 5 °, which corresponds to a cone ratio C of about 7/24. The conical seat 210 with inner cone is part of the first interface structure of the adapter interface 200. The first adapter piece 160 has a third base element 164 in the form of an inner sleeve which is screwed directly to the first base element 161 from the machine-distant side. The inner sleeve is designed such that in the assembled state between the outer second base member 163 and the inner sleeve 164, an annular space 165 forms, which encloses the inner sleeve and the axial cavity channel leading through this and closed to the machine end of the end face of the first base member 161 becomes. In the annular space 165 an axially displaceable sliding sleeve 166 is inserted, which is supported via a compression spring 167 on an annular collar of the inner sleeve and is movable against the force of this spring. From the piston chamber 165, a plurality of hydraulic passages 168 pass through the first base member 161 to the annular gap 15. An off-machine portion of the piston member 166 contacts a group of internal clamping balls 169 which are internal depending on the axial position of the piston member Locking position or are arranged in an outwardly released release position. The piston member 166 and the clamping balls 169 are functional components of a hydraulically actuated locking device, which can be machine-operated through the drill pipe.

The drill bit assigned to the second adapter piece 170 is a relatively easy to produce, substantially sleeve-shaped metallic component. At the far end of the machine, a second connecting structure in the form of an internal thread 172 is provided, by means of which the second adapter piece can be screwed onto the external thread 136 of the drill head. At the opposite machine-end, a second interface structure of the adapter interface is formed, which has the shape of a terminal cone 220 with an outer cone 222 corresponding to the inner cone at the machine distal end of the second adapter piece and having the same cone angle. In near the tube-side end a trapezoidal outwardly widened outer groove 224 (clamping groove) is incorporated on the outer cone, which is a functional part of a locking device. The cone angles of the inner cone and the outer cone are selected at about 5 ° such that a centered conical connection without self-locking arises, which can be solved without a separate ejector.

At the first adapter piece 160 and at the second adapter piece 170 corresponding driver structures 226 are provided in the form of serrations on mutually facing end surfaces, which engage in the axial mating of the first and the second adapter piece for producing a circumferentially effective form-fitting connection. This ensures safe torque transmission in the area of the adapter interface.

On the cylindrical part of the outer periphery of the second adapter piece 170 is a trapezoidal in cross section, inwardly tapered gripper groove 174 is incorporated, in which a corresponding gripper bar a gripper unit 250 of an automatic drill head changing system can intervene for the Bohrkopfwechsel. The gripper unit, which can also be referred to as a gripper for a short time, can be constructed, for example, as gripping tongs. The mutually corresponding first and second interface structures on the first adapter piece or on the second adapter piece belong to an adapter interface 200, which is designed as a plug connection and which allows the drill head unit (with the second adapter piece) with the drill pipe unit (with the first adapter piece) automatically centered exactly with high clamping force and at the same time ensure a secure torque transmission between drill pipe and drill head. A drill head change can be carried out, for example, as follows. In an initial situation, the tool unit 100 is completely assembled in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the drill head unit (drill head with screwed-on second adapter piece) with the drill pipe unit (drill pipe with screwed-in first adapter piece) via the adapter interface 200th centered and coupled rotatably. The hydraulic fluid in the annular gap 11 and in the piston chamber 165 is still under pressure, so that the annular piston element 166 configured as a sliding sleeve is pressed against the force of the spring 167 into the machine-distant forward position. As a result, the clamping balls 169 are pressed radially inward into the trapezoidal widened outer groove 224 at the end of the outer cone of the second adapter piece. In this locking configuration, the drill head unit is positively secured against removal from the drill pipe unit.

For the drill head change or the change of the drill head unit, the pincer-like gripper unit 250 engages the second adapter piece 170 and builds up the clamping pressure. The gripper grooves 174 incorporated in the adapter piece prevent a displacement of the drill head in the axial direction and a rotation about the axial direction, so that the drill head is gripped axially and in the correct direction in the circumferential direction. As soon as the message "Claw clamping pressure reached" is applied to the control system, the hydraulic pressure in the annular gap 1 15 between inner tube and drill pipe is removed. As a result, the sliding sleeve moves under the action of the spring force of the compression spring 167 in the direction of the drill pipe and releases the space for radial deflection of the clamping balls 169 to the outside. As a result, the drill head unit is unlocked and the gripper, the adapter piece with the drill head with an axially guided working movement forward (in the drawing to the left) decrease. As a result, the drill head unit is separated from the drill pipe unit in the area of the interface, ie in the area of the adapter interface 200. The gripper can then place the drill head unit in a free storage space. For the reassembly of the drill pipe unit (drill pipe with attached first adapter piece) with a new drill head unit, which may for example have a drill head with a different diameter, the gripper engages a corresponding drill head unit and brings them into an axial position in a defined Distance in front of the drill pipe unit. Then the gripper moves parallel to the axis direction to the position "tool change" in the direction of the drill pipe. By forming the interface tool / drill pipe as a cone, angular errors can be compensated directly. The adapter piece with drill head is secured in the gripper 250 by means of corresponding gripper grooves against rotation. Thus, a retraction in the integrated torque driving is easily possible. As soon as the message "Gripper in change position" is present on the control, the annular gap 1 15 between the inner pipe and the drill pipe is pressurized with hydraulic pressure. As a result, the sliding sleeve 166 moves in the direction of the drill head and presses the clamping balls 169 into the clamping groove 224 worked on the drill head-side tool taper. The special trapezoidal shape of the clamping groove with inlet slopes produces an axial pull-in force, which the second adapter piece together with the one carried by it Drill head into the tool taper (inner cone). Due to the positive locking by means of the clamping balls 169 in conjunction with a control valve mounted check valve a secure hold of the tool is guaranteed even with a pressure drop of the hydraulic. The plane system in conjunction with the conical coupling surfaces in the area of the adapter interface results in a very rigid connection. The torque driving takes place in a form-fitting manner via the intermeshing driver structures 226.

By using specially adapted adapter pieces for drill pipe and drill head, the use of commercially available drill pipes and drill heads. Retrofitting to existing tool equipment at the customer is possible at any time.

An alternative embodiment of a tool unit 300 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, which in the example can be used for boring an existing hole and for this purpose has a drill head 330 with a controllable cutting edge 332. Similar to FIG. 1, the tool unit is shown in a drill head change position, a drill oil feeder 392 and a drill bush 394 supported by it are shown with dashed lines. The Bohrölzufuhr takes place similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1 from the outside through an annular gap. The chip removal from the area of the drill head takes place through the already pre-drilled hole, ie parallel to the feed direction. In the case of such tool units, no cavity channel for chip return to the machine must therefore be provided in the interior of the tool unit, so that other constructive possibilities for the internal structure result.

The tool unit 300 has a metallic drill pipe 310 with a cylindrical cross-section, at the machine-near end of which devices for receiving the drill pipe are attached to a work spindle of the deep drilling machine. In operation, the tool unit is rotated about the tool axis 302 by means of the work spindle. At the machine-distal end of the drill pipe, a first connection structure in the form of a four-pass internal thread 312 is provided for connecting a standard drill head with the corresponding four-turn external thread.

At the machine-distal end of the tool unit is the replaceable drill head 330, which bears a radially controllable cutting edge 332 opposite a guide rail 334, which can be delivered hydraulically. As a result, the diameter of an already pre-drilled bore can be extended by drilling. At the machine level End of the drill head, a second connection structure 336 is formed in the form of a four-course internal thread. The drill head 330 could be fastened to the drill pipe with the interposition of a one-piece adapter with external thread on the drill head side and drill pipe-side internal thread.

The drill head 330 is indirectly attached thereto with the interposition of a multi-part adapter unit 350 coaxial with the drill pipe. The adapter unit 350 has a first adapter piece 360 on the side of the drill pipe and a second adapter piece 370 on the side of the drill head. The adapter pieces can be coupled or detached from one another with the aid of corresponding interface structures of an adapter interface 400. The first adapter piece 360 to be mounted on the side of the drill pipe has at the machine-near end of its base element 361 a first connection structure 362 in the form of an external thread, which can be screwed directly into the internal thread 312 at the machine-distal end of the drill pipe. At the circumference of the first adapter piece a plurality of support strips 314 are mounted, which center the first adapter piece or the drill pipe unit for the drill head change in Bohrölzufuhpparat. At the machine-distal end of the first adapter piece, a cone receptacle 310 is formed with an inner cone whose cone angle is dimensioned such that slight self-locking occurs when it is drawn in by the automatic tensioning unit on the corresponding counter-cone. The cone receptacle 310 is part of the first interface structure of the adapter interface 400, which is designed as a hollow shaft taper interface (HSK interface). In a non-pictorial embodiment, a steep taper (SK) interface is provided instead of the HSK interface. The second adapter piece 370 assigned to the drill head 330 has a main body 371, at the machine-distal end of which a second connection structure in the form of an external thread 372 is provided, with the aid of which the second adapter piece can be screwed into the internal thread of the drill head 330. At the opposite end close to the machine, a second interface structure of the adapter interface 400 is formed, which has the shape of a hollow shaft cone 320 with an outer cone 322 which corresponds to the inner cone at the machine-distal end of the second adapter piece and has the same cone angle.

The adapter interface 400 has to fulfill several requirements in embodiments for controllable tool systems, since in addition to a centered and rotationally fixed mechanical coupling of the adapter pieces also a reliable media transfer for the used for controlling the drill head control medium (eg hydraulic oil) must be ensured. The facilities provided for this purpose are explained in more detail below. The adapter unit 350 utilizes the advantages of a hollow shaft taper interface for the mechanical connection of the two adapter pieces 360, 370 and is constructed so that the first adapter piece and the second adapter piece are assembled after the adapter pieces have been assembled axially (by inserting the hollow shaft cone 320 into the taper receptacle 310). can be axially pulled and locked by means of a locking device actuated on the machine side in such a way that the mutually coupled adapter pieces are secured against loosening of the plug connection by a form-fitting effect in the axial direction and the connection can be released again only after unlocking the locking device. Similar to the variant of FIGS. 1 and 2, intermeshing driving elements for rotational security are also provided here in the circumferential direction in a form-fitting manner. The locking device includes a group of locking elements 382 pivotally mounted in the base body 361 in the region of the cone receptacle 310, the radial pivoting movement of which is controlled by the axial movement of an actuating rod 384 guided axially movably in the interior of the first adapter piece 360. At the machine-distal end of the operating rod, a control 385 is mounted with an outer contour, which is designed so that the front ends of the locking elements are pivoted during retraction of the actuating rod in the direction of deep hole drilling machine in the locking position shown in Fig. 4 to the outside, on inner inclined surfaces engage the hollow shaft cone while pulling the mounted on the second adapter piece 370 hollow shaft taper 320 axially under tension into the cone seat 310 with a suitable retraction force. In an unlocking stroke in the opposite direction (to the machine-distal end) the front ends of the locking elements are actively pivoted inward and free the second adapter piece 370 or its hollow shaft taper and this is ejected so that the drill head unit (drill head 330 and second adapter piece 370) can be removed axially front.

The axial working movements of the actuating rod are hydraulically controlled. For this purpose, the machine-near end of the actuating rod in the manner of a piston 386 is configured, which is radially sealed in the interior of a cylinder chamber 388 is arranged, which is connected on the machine side via a first control line 389 to the pressure side of a hydraulic pump. The actuating rod 384 is guided inside the main body 361 and is biased by means of the operating rod enclosing spring assembly 391 to the machine end, so that the hydraulic pressure for the Entriegelungshub is applied against the force of the spring assembly and in the absence of pressure in the first control line 389 the Drill head unit is locked to the drill pipe unit. For controlling the cutting edge 332 and / or another controllable functional unit of the controllable drill head 330, a hydraulic tool control system is provided. These include on the side of the drill pipe, a second control line 392, which leads from the associated ma- machine side hydraulic unit to a mounted inside the drill pipe connection element 393, which has on its off-machine side a communicating with the second control line, central blind hole in which a machine side End portion of the actuating rod 391 can dip. The actuating rod is essentially tubular, wherein an axially continuous passageway is formed in the interior of the actuating rod, which leads through the region of the locking elements 382 through to the machine-distal end face of the actuating rod. The machine-distal end thus protrudes into the interior of the second adapter piece when the tool unit is assembled.

At the transition to the second adapter piece 370, which belongs to the drill head unit, a pressure-tight closing quick-plug coupling 395 is provided for the fluid control medium. The detachable separation point between the elements belonging to the drill pipe unit and the elements belonging to the drill head unit is shown in FIG. 4 with a dashed line. The drill pipe-side coupling part and the drilling-head-side coupling part are designed so that any skew offset and axial offset are automatically compensated when the drill head unit is coupled to the drill pipe unit. The drill head coupling part is attached to a bolt 373 which can be moved axially within the body 371 of the second adapter piece against the force of a helical compression spring 374. When Entriegelungshub the locking device of the bolt dives in the direction of the drill head, which also displaces the position of the Schnellsteck- coupling 395 within the second adapter piece in the direction of the drill head. The bolt 373 has an axial through hole whose drill head end has a cylindrical extension in the when the drill head unit is assembled, a tube 375, which is sealed to the drill head, is inserted. The sealed fluid connection between the second adapter piece 370 and the drill head 330 mediated via the tube 375 is automatically produced when these parts are screwed together. The control medium operates in the interior of the drill head a piston which actuates a feed element with inclined surfaces, which cooperates with inclined surfaces on a carrier of the controllable cutting edge in the manner of a wedge drive to deliver the blade radially depending on the hydraulic pressure.

The drill head change is carried out automatically analogously to the manner already described by means of an automatic drill head changer, which has a gripper 450, which can engage in the clamping groove 324 on the circumference of the second adapter piece 370.

In the illustrated embodiments, the tool head is in each case designed as a drill head (full drill head or Aufbohrkopf), so that the tool head unit as a drill head unit and the tool head change can also be referred to as Bohrkopfwechsel. However, it is not mandatory that the tool head used is a drill head that can be used exclusively for drilling. Tool heads can also be designed for one or more other machining processes. A tool head may e.g. a combination tool head, on which two or more different, possibly separately controllable tool elements (for example peeling blade, roller burnishing element, drill bit, etc.) can be attached. It can be e.g. to handle a 2-fold combination tooling head for peeling and curling, or a 3-fold combination tool head, e.g. for boring, peeling and rolling.

Claims

claims

1. A method for producing a tool unit (100, 300) for a deep hole drilling machine, in which a replaceable tool head (130, 330) is detachably fastened to a drill pipe (110, 310),

wherein the drill pipe has a machine-near end with means for receiving the drill pipe to a work spindle of the deep hole drilling machine and a machine-distal end with a first connection structure (1 12, 312) for attaching a tool head, and the tool head has a second connection structure (136, 336),

characterized,

in that the tool head (130, 330) is fastened to the drill pipe (1 10, 310) with the interposition of a multipart adapter unit (150, 350), wherein

a first adapter piece (160, 360) of the adapter unit is connected to the drill pipe (110, 310),

a second adapter piece (170, 370) of the adapter unit is connected to the tool head (130, 330), and

the first and the second adapter piece by means of corresponding first and second interface structures of an adapter interface (200, 400) rotatably and centered connected to each other.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and the second connection structure are designed as corresponding first and second connection threads, the first adapter piece (160, 360) is connected by screwing directly to the drill pipe and the second adapter piece (170, 370 ) is connected by screwing directly to the tool head.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first adapter piece (160, 360) and the second adapter piece (170, 370) are plugged into one another via an axial relative movement for producing the connection. the or for the preparation of a screw under relative rotation are screwed directly into each other.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first adapter piece (160, 360) and the second adapter piece (170, 370) are axially locked after axial assembly by means of a machine-side actuated locking device, wherein the locking device is preferably actuated hydraulically.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an automated tool head change is performed, wherein a tool head unit having the tool head and a second adapter piece attached thereto, detected by means of a gripper unit of a tool head changer system and in the correct position with the drill pipe mounted on the first adapter piece is connected and / or detached from the drill pipe mounted on the first adapter piece.

6. tool unit (100, 300) for a deep hole drilling machine, comprising a drill pipe (110, 310) and a replaceable tool head (130, 330) detachably fastened or fastened to the drill pipe,

wherein the drill pipe (1 10, 310) has a machine-near end with means for receiving the drill pipe to a work spindle of the deep hole drilling machine and a machine-distal end with a first connection structure (1 12, 312) for attaching a tool head and

the tool head (130, 330) has a second connection structure (136, 336),

marked by,

an adapter unit (150, 350) for fastening the tool head to the drill pipe, the adapter unit having a first adapter piece (160, 360) and a second adapter piece (170, 370) releasably connectable to the first adapter piece, the first adapter piece has at a machine-side end a first connection structure (162, 362) corresponding to the first connection structure (1 12, 312) for connection to the drill pipe and first interface structures of an adapter interface (200, 400) at a machine-distal end,

the second adapter piece (170, 370) has at a machine-distal end a second connection structure (172, 372) corresponding to the second connection structure for connection to the tool head (130, 330) and second interface structures of the adapter interface at a machine-oriented end (200, 400), and

the first and the second adapter piece by means of the corresponding first and second interface structures rotatably and centered connected or connectable.

7. Tool unit according to claim 6, wherein the first and the second connection structure are designed as corresponding first and second connecting threads such that the first adapter piece (160, 360) by screwing directly to the drill pipe (1 10, 310) and the second adapter piece ( 170, 370) can be connected by bolting directly to the tool head (130, 330).

8. Tool unit according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the adapter interface (200, 400) is designed as a plug connection such that the first adapter piece (160, 360) and the second adapter piece (170, 370) for establishing the connection via an axial Relative movement are plugged into each other, or wherein the adapter interface is designed as a screw connection

9. Tool unit according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein one of the adapter pieces, in particular the first adapter piece (160, 360), an interface structure with a cone receptacle (210, 310) having an inner cone and the other adapter piece, in particular the second adapter piece (170, 370), an interface structure with an inner cone corresponding to the outer cone (222, 322), wherein preferably the first interface structure has a cone seat with an inner cone and the second interface structure has a connecting cone with an outer cone, which corresponds to the inner cone ,

10. A tool unit according to claim 9, wherein on an outer surface of the outer cone (222) at least one recess (224) is formed, which can serve as an engagement structure for one or more locking elements of a locking device, wherein the engagement structure preferably as a circumferential outer groove (224), preferably with oblique side surfaces, is formed.

1 1. The tool unit according to claim 9, wherein the interface structure with outer cone in the manner of a hollow shaft cone (320) is formed, wherein preferably engagement structures for one or more locking elements (382) of a locking device are formed in the interior of the hollow shaft cone.

12. Tool unit according to one of claims 8 to 1 1, wherein the first adapter piece (160) and the second adapter piece (170) corresponding driver structures (226), which in the axial mating of the first and the second adapter piece for producing a circumferentially effective positive Interlocking connection.

13. Tool unit according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized by a machine-side operable locking device for axial locking of the first adapter piece (160, 360) with the second adapter piece (170, 370) for an axial Zusammenfü- gene, wherein the locking device is preferably hydraulically actuated.

14. Tool unit according to one of claims 6 to 13, wherein in the first adapter piece (160) a piston chamber (165) is formed, in which a piston member (166) is received, which by applying hydraulic pressure against the force of a piston spring (167) is movable in the piston chamber, wherein at least one hydraulic channel (168) leads from the piston chamber in the direction of the first adapter piece formed on the first connecting structure, wherein preferably the piston chamber (165) is an annular space and the piston member (166) is an annular piston member, wherein the annular space and the piston member enclose an axially continuous cavity channel (138) in the interior of the first adapter piece.

15. A tool unit according to any one of claims 13 or 14, wherein the locking means comprises an axially displaceable actuating rod (384) which is coupled on the machine side to a piston (386) which is slidably disposed in a cylinder chamber (388) via a first control line (389) is connectable to the pressure side of a hydraulic pump, wherein preferably the actuating rod (384) has at least one axially continuous passage, the machine side to a second control line (392) is connected, which is part of a hydraulic tool control system for actuating a controllable functional unit, in particular Cutting edge (332), the tool head is.

16. Tool unit according to one of claims 6 to 15, wherein in the drill pipe (310) connectable to a first hydraulic pump first control line (389) and connectable to a second hydraulic pump second control line (392) are arranged, wherein preferably the first control line Part of a hydraulically operated Baren locking device is and the second control line is part of a hydraulic tool control system for actuating a controllable functional unit, in particular cutting edge of the tool head.

17. A tool unit according to any one of claims 6 to 16, wherein in a transition region between the first and the second adapter piece a pressure-tight closing quick-plug coupling (395) is provided for a fluid control medium, wherein a drill pipe side first coupling part and a tool head side second coupling part designed in such a way are that a possible skew offset and / or Axialversatz when coupling the second adapter piece (370) to the first adapter piece (360) is automatically compensated, preferably the coupling parts of the quick-release coupling in the coupled state are jointly axially movable.

18. Tool unit according to one of claims 6 to 17, wherein in the drill pipe (1 10) coaxial, a cylindrical inner tube 120 is inserted, whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill pipe, so that between the drill pipe and the inner tube an axially continuous annular gap ( 1 15) remains, through which a control fluid to the adapter unit is transportable.

19. Tool unit according to one of claims 6 to 18, wherein on the outer circumference of the drill pipe (1 19) and / or on the outer circumference of the first adapter piece (360) a plurality of support strips (1 14, 314) are mounted, the tool head change with counter elements on the inside a Bohrölzufuhparparates (192, 392) cooperate and center the tool unit for a tool head change.

20. adapter unit (150, 350) for attaching a replaceable tool head (130, 330) on a drill pipe (1 10, 310) for a deep hole drilling machine,

wherein the adapter unit has a first adapter piece (160, 360) and a second adapter piece (170, 370) detachably connectable to the first adapter piece,

the first adapter piece at a machine-side end having a first connection structure (162, 362) for connection to the drill pipe and at a machine remote end first interface structures of an adapter interface (200, 400), the second adapter piece (170, 370) on a can be arranged far away from the machine, a second connection structure (172, 372) for connection to the tool head (130, 330) and at a machine-near end second interface structures of the adapter interface has (200, 400), and

21. Adapter unit according to claim 20, characterized by the features of the characterizing portion of at least one of claims 7 to 14 or 17.