EP2870680A2 - Élément d'une machine électrique comportant une fixation et un aimant permanent, composant comportant au moins un élément et machine électrique - Google Patents

Élément d'une machine électrique comportant une fixation et un aimant permanent, composant comportant au moins un élément et machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP2870680A2
EP2870680A2 EP13753267.7A EP13753267A EP2870680A2 EP 2870680 A2 EP2870680 A2 EP 2870680A2 EP 13753267 A EP13753267 A EP 13753267A EP 2870680 A2 EP2870680 A2 EP 2870680A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holder
rotor
permanent magnet
face
rotor hub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13753267.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Niemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lloyd Dynamowerke GmbH
Original Assignee
Lloyd Dynamowerke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lloyd Dynamowerke GmbH filed Critical Lloyd Dynamowerke GmbH
Publication of EP2870680A2 publication Critical patent/EP2870680A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H02K1/2773—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect consisting of tangentially magnetized radial magnets

Definitions

  • Permanent magnet component with at least one element and an electrical
  • the invention relates to an element of an electrical machine with a holder, which has a first end face with a connecting portion for attachment to a rotor hub and a second end face, and at least one in the circumferential direction of the electric machine magnetized permanent magnet, which is inserted into a pocket of the holder. Furthermore, the invention relates to a component of an electrical machine, in particular a rotor with a rotor hub and an electric machine.
  • Such an element is known from EP 1 166 423 Bl.
  • a multi-pole, permanent-magnet rotor for a rotating electrical machine is discussed in which two cuboid, magnetized in the circumferential direction, flat-shaped permanent magnets are arranged radially to the rotor axis in groove-like spaces between each two fixed to the rotor body half yokes to produce pronounced magnetic poles.
  • Each rotor yoke or pole element is divided in the circumferential direction into two half yokes each extending over half a pole pitch.
  • the respective two adjacent half yokes of two adjacently arranged yokes are connected by means of end plates to a pole element and each pole element is fixed to the rotor body or rotor hub itself, in particular screwed.
  • the formation of the yokes is further selected such that between two circumferentially arranged pole elements, a cavity is formed, which can influence the magnetic flux of the individual Halbjoche.
  • the shape of the yokes has disadvantages in the formation of the magnetic field both in the region of the air gap between the rotor and stator and in the rotor body.
  • permanent magnets can be used instead of coils in the rotor and / or in the stator.
  • the stator designates the stationary part and the rotor the moving part of the electric machine.
  • Known materials for the production of permanent magnets include bismuth-manganese magnets, aluminum-nickel-cobalt magnets, samarium-cobalt magnets and neodymium-iron-boron magnets.
  • An internal rotor is a type of synchronous machine in which the rotor is in the center and the stator surrounds the rotor.
  • the rotor In an internal rotor, the rotor generally has a plurality of alternately radially oriented, annularly arranged around the rotor axis permanent magnets, which move according to the rotor axis on a circular path.
  • the magnetic field that results in this arrangement of permanent magnets is also referred to as exciter field.
  • exciter field During a movement of the permanent magnets, a voltage is now induced in the stator coils due to the constant change of the magnetic fields which act on the stator coils, whereby an electric current is generated in generator operation of the electric machine in dependence on the movement of the rotor.
  • the permanent magnets are usually on the rotor hub of the
  • Rotor arranged that their magnetization direction or orientation of the poles is parallel to the radial direction.
  • various possibilities have already been considered for the attachment of permanent magnets.
  • One possibility is to attach the magnets to the rotor hub using specially manufactured brackets.
  • the challenge is that the rotor laminations during operation in the radial direction not only have to absorb the centrifugal forces of the permanent magnets, but also the forces resulting from the magnetic interaction between the permanent magnets and the stator coils and other magnetic parts of the rotor or stator.
  • magnetic forces which must be absorbed by the rotor laminations, additionally act on the permanent magnets themselves.
  • the rotor laminations must be made solid and stable to the to take account of the above-mentioned forces.
  • Most permanent magnets are used in recesses of the rotor plate, which extends between the recess and the air gap to the stator through a web. The task of these webs is to absorb the forces in the radial direction. Furthermore, the magnetic resistance of the web is generally not large and, in addition, the smaller, the wider it is.
  • this web must on the one hand be designed to be wider, the larger the magnetic field, the weight of the permanent magnet and the rotational speed of the rotor in order to ensure sufficient mechanical strength, but on the other hand designed to be as narrow as possible otherwise it would short circuit a significant portion of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets due to its low magnetic resistance, and consequently would significantly weaken the residual magnetic field acting on the stator coils.
  • the efficiency of the electrical machine is now significantly influenced by the effective excitation flux density and thus by the width of the web.
  • an element of an electrical machine with a holder which has a first end face with a connection section for attachment to a rotor hub and a second end face, and at least one magnet magnetized in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet, which is inserted into a pocket of the holder, is proposed wherein the second end face has a recess in the at least one permanent magnet.
  • a recess of the second end face is that in the radial area between the at least one permanent magnet and the air gap between the rotor and stator as little as possible material of the holder is formed, so that this area short circuits the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets only slightly.
  • the shape of the recess defines the width of the air gap between the stator and the rotor. The wider the gap, the higher the magnetic resistance at this point.
  • the shaping of the transition between the recess and the actual second end face of the holder is of crucial importance, because thereby the characteristic of the magnetic field or the distribution of the flux density in the gap can be precisely determined.
  • the center of gravity of the magnetic flux density can be restricted to an appropriate position.
  • the holder holds the permanent magnet so firmly that it does not detach from the holder due to the forces acting in the machine.
  • the permanent magnets of the Rotor rotor hub of the rotor solve or unintentionally move and reduce a present between the rotor and a stator air gap or even touch the stator, so that the permanent magnets destroy the electric machine.
  • the holder may be designed such that the holder does not extend between the at least one permanent magnet and the air gap. The recess goes over into the at least one permanent magnet receiving pocket.
  • the closed path of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet or the magnetic circuit in the direction of the stator coils may be stronger, since due to the higher magnetic resistance of the first land, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is not short-circuited by the holder.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the holder further leads to an improved flux density distribution, whereby a higher efficiency of the electric machine is achieved. Since the permanent magnets extend in the radial direction of the rotor and so the largest surfaces of the permanent magnets are parallel to the radial direction, these surfaces of the permanent magnets with the radially extending surfaces of the pocket can be particularly well bonded with adhesive, adhesive, etc. As a result, the centrifugal forces occurring during rotation are transmitted as thrust forces from the adhesive bond between the permanent magnet and the holder.
  • first end face and the second end face may be connected by two side faces curved at least in sections, preferably radially, inwardly.
  • the second end face of the holder extends in the region of the air gap between the rotor and the stator, ie facing away from the rotor hub.
  • the holder is formed so that it converges in a funnel shape or trumpet shape from the second end face to the first end face.
  • a preferred direction is given to the magnetic field, wherein the shaping of the end faces decisively influences the flux density distribution in the direction of the air gap.
  • the ratio of the height and width of the holder for this flux density distribution is crucial.
  • this illustrated form of the bracket substantially limits the armature reaction in the bracket because the armature field excitation generated by the stator currents counteracts large magnetic resistance, thereby positively affecting the efficiency of the electric machine.
  • a large weight saving can be achieved by saving material by this shape design of the holder.
  • this shape design is particularly good to reduce the forces acting on the rotor centrifugal forces.
  • the components, in particular the holder may be formed with materials which have a lower strength. It is also advantageous that, due to a lower moment of inertia, the rotor starts up faster at the start of operation.
  • the magnetic flux can also be provided in such a way that a particularly well-approximated sinusoidal current curve is generated upon rotation of the rotor.
  • a first web may extend parallel to the first end face. Since the permanent magnet magnetized in the circumferential direction of the rotor extends radially and is inserted into the pocket, it may happen that the holder in the region of the second end face inadvertently deforms due to centrifugal forces. To counteract this, a first web is provided in the region between the air gap and the at least one permanent magnet, which ensures the strength and stability of the holder. However, it is advantageous to design the web as narrow as possible so that it only shorts the magnetic flux only slightly. Further, by a suitable length of the at least one permanent magnet in the radial direction, the short-circuiting effect of the permanent magnet due to the first land can be compensated because a larger length in total means a larger magnetic flux of the permanent magnet.
  • the holder of the element according to the invention may have a second web extending parallel to the first end face in the region of the connecting portion. Characterized in that the material of the permanent magnet and the material of the holder at high temperatures have different coefficients of expansion, the second web is provided in the region of the connecting portion. Thus, it can be effectively avoided that the permanent magnet and / or the holder of the rotor hub solve / dissolves. Furthermore is It is also advantageous to form the second web relatively narrow so that it short-circuits the magnetic flux only to a small extent.
  • the pocket can have at least one spoke extending transversely to the first end face.
  • the mechanical strength of the holder is further improved.
  • the second end face may be curved in sections outwardly or arched.
  • the magnetic flux can be provided in such a way that a particularly well-approximated sinusoidal current curve is generated upon rotation of the rotor.
  • the second end face may be formed in sections curved inward or arched.
  • the magnetic flux can be provided in such a way that a particularly well-approximated sinusoidal current curve is generated upon rotation of the rotor.
  • the connecting portion may be formed as a dovetail joint.
  • the corresponding dovetail shape of the rotor hub which is formed of non-ferromagnetic material, envelops and embeds the connecting portion magnetically insulating and thus has a high resistance to the magnetic flux.
  • This magnetic resistance is also particularly large because due to the three-sided, spaced enclosure of the radially inner end of the magnet as large a proportion of the permanent magnet in the direction of the rotor axis surrounding material is formed from a magnetically poorly conductive material. Conversely, this is for the magnetic flux a preferred direction in the direction of the stator created, because in this direction, the holder has a much lower magnetic resistance.
  • the holder is robustly connected to the rotor hub.
  • the assembly of the two components is carried out in a simple manner.
  • the dovetail connection also does not affect the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet itself.
  • a receptacle for at least one connecting means for frictionally connecting a plurality of holders may be provided on at least one side surface, wherein the connecting means is insulated from the holder. If a plurality of holders are arranged in the axial direction of the rotor hub, these holders can be connected to one another in the axial direction by means of the connection means and thus be provided as a holder package.
  • the brackets can be positively connected by the connecting means both before and after assembly to the rotor hub.
  • the connecting means may e.g. a rod, and is preferably made of a non-ferromagnetic material to prevent the generation of interference magnetic fields.
  • an insulating means e.g. Adhesive, adhesive, resin, etc. introduced into the receptacle.
  • the receptacle can be designed as a loop-like receptacle with a slot.
  • the connecting means can be particularly well received.
  • The, preferably over the slot-like receptacle extending, is formed to avoid a possible magnetic interference magnetic field arising around the eyelet-like receptacle.
  • the holder may have a north pole portion and a south pole portion which are connected to each other by the first land.
  • the permanent magnet By inserting the at least one permanent magnet magnetized in the circumferential direction of the rotor into the pocket of the holder, the permanent magnet causes the north pole section and the south pole section of the holder to likewise be in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
  • the arrangement of the north pole section and the south pole section also does not change if several such as e.g. two permanent magnets are inserted into the pocket, since the poles of the permanent magnets are always inserted in the same direction in the pocket.
  • the first bridge is therefore designed to ensure the strength of the holder due to the centrifugal forces caused by the rotation.
  • the arrangement of circumferentially adjacent elements is further to be chosen so that the same poles, so north pole and north pole portion of adjacent elements or Südpolabites and Südpolabrough of adjacent elements facing each other, so that the magnetic flux is even better formed radially outward.
  • the holder may be formed in one piece or as an integrated part. In this way, a particularly good homogeneous magnetic field can be generated, since the magnetic field is not interrupted by the multi-part of the holder. With regard to the mechanical stability of the holder, its one-piece design also proves to be advantageous.
  • the ratio of the length of the permanent magnet in the radial direction to half the clear holding width in the circumferential direction can be selected such that materials of the holder and / or the stator teeth are just reached the region of magnetic saturation.
  • the excitation flux can be adjusted to a suitable maximum, in particular in the stator teeth.
  • the connecting section and the at least one permanent magnet may be configured so that an end face of the at least one permanent magnet facing the rotor hub is closer to the axis of rotation of a rotor than the lateral surface of the rotor hub.
  • Holder be designed so that its smallest cross-section is formed in the radial direction at a distance which extends from the axis of rotation of the rotor to the mantle surface of the rotor hub or is smaller.
  • the magnetic field lines are also effectively deflected radially outward, thus increasing the useful magnetic flux density.
  • the smallest cross section may have at most five times the thickness of the permanent magnet, preferably at most four times the thickness of the permanent magnet, and more preferably at most three times the thickness of the permanent magnet. This ratio applies in particular in the case of two permanent magnets arranged in the radial direction.
  • the smallest cross section may also be at most three times the thickness of the permanent magnet, preferably at most twice the thickness of the permanent magnet, and more preferably at most one and a half times the thickness of the permanent magnet. The smaller the smallest cross section is formed, the more magnetic field lines are directed radially outward. At the same time, however, an increasing mechanical load occurs in the smallest cross section of the holder.
  • a component of an electric machine in particular rotor, with a rotor hub, is proposed according to claim 17, wherein a gap is provided between two elements adjacent in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction of the component, wherein the gap is either an air gap is or is incorporated in an elastic material.
  • the air gap can effectively dissipate them and thus cool the electric machine.
  • the air gap of two circumferentially adjacent elements is less in the region of the second end face than in the region of the first end face.
  • the air gap of two elements adjacent in the axial direction is constant. If the between the two in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction of the
  • brackets By the at least two adjacent elements are separated by an air gap, possible hurricanes arising in the brackets can be isolated in a simple manner. This layered construction of the brackets also improves the efficiency of the electric machine.
  • the armature reaction of the magnetic field of the stator can be reduced between two circumferentially adjacent elements, in particular brackets.
  • the attachment of an element to the rotor hub can be performed in addition to a dovetail connection by means of an adhesive or a combination of both. A screwing, welding and providing a press fit of the element in the rotor hub is possible.
  • the rotor hub is made of a non-ferromagnetic material.
  • At least two elements may be axially spaced by means of a support member therebetween.
  • the support member thus advantageously allows at least two axially adjacent elements to be positioned with respect to each other and, to that extent, vibrations, e.g. Flutter of the brackets are avoided. On the one hand vibrations can adversely affect the magnetic field and on the other hand the material of the element, in particular of the holder, fatigue and thus lead to failure.
  • the support elements may be arranged periodically at the same distance in the circumferential direction.
  • the support member may further be arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor such that it each spaced apart and at the same time supports two circumferentially adjacent elements of two adjacent elements in the axial direction, which are also adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the support element can also be connected to the rotor hub of the rotor by means of a dovetail connection or else to a ring which is in particular provided for the support elements and which in turn is fastened to the rotor hub. It should be noted that the support elements are arranged so that the connecting means provided in the receptacle frictionally connects the elements in the axial direction, i. that the support elements do not hinder the connection means.
  • pressing rings can be provided in each case on the end faces of the rotor and / or the rotor hub in order to press the elements against each other in a force-fitting manner. If, in addition to the support elements present in the axial direction of two adjacent elements, in each case a pressing ring is also provided on the front side, the elements adjacent in the axial direction are fixed so firmly that vibrations are largely or even completely avoided. In order to allow an air gap between the press ring and the brackets spaced apart, the arrangement of further support elements is possible. In this way, the cooling of the rotor is effectively promoted.
  • the at least one support element and / or the rotor hub are formed from a non-ferromagnetic material.
  • the rotor hub is non-ferromagnetically conductive or formed with a high magnetic resistance, the center of gravity of the magnetic flux density can be specifically directed radially outward, in the direction of the air gap between the stator and rotor, thus increasing the efficiency of the electric machine.
  • the non-ferromagnetically shaped support elements interfere with the magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet and the holder and at the same time support the holders mutually.
  • an electric machine in particular a generator, proposed that a component, in particular a rotor with a rotor hub having.
  • a component in particular a rotor with a rotor hub having.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an element according to the invention of a first embodiment with a holder and two permanent magnets; a sectional view of a rotor hub and a plurality of arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor hub according to the invention elements; a perspective sectional view of a rotor hub, a plurality of arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor hub according to the invention elements of a first embodiment of Figure 1 and a press ring.
  • a sectional view of an arranged on the rotor hub by means of a dovetail joint according to the invention element according to a second embodiment a perspective view of a rotor; a section of a sectional view of a magnetic field line diagram of two adjacent elements, each with a permanent magnet; and a detail of a sectional view of a magnetic field line diagram of two adjacent elements, each with a longer compared to FIG. 6 permanent magnet.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an inventive element 1 of a first embodiment with a holder 2 and two permanent magnets 4.
  • the holder 2 has a funnel-shaped in cross-section or trumpet-shaped contour and consists of a ferromagnetic material.
  • the holder 2 may be integrally formed. To avoid turbulence in the holder 2, however, this is preferably formed from axially in the axial direction of a rotor 100, ie in the direction perpendicular to the paper plane of Fig. 2 direction, successively layered sheets (integral).
  • the sheets can be provided with a special coating. From the ready-cut / stamped and coated sheets is a formed the support forming Belchstapel and the individual sheets are then baked together by heating or using solvents. The coating is therefore also referred to as a baked enamel.
  • electrical sheets are preferably used.
  • a connecting section 6 is formed as a dovetail 10 at the first end face 8.
  • the dovetail 10 forms the smallest cross-section B when the holder 2 is viewed from above, or in the axial direction A.
  • a substantially trapezoidal recess 14 is formed at a first end face 8 opposite the second end face 12.
  • Connecting portions 13 form a transition between the recess 14 and the second end face 12. The choice of the angle of the connecting portions 13 is dependent on a location of the desired intensification of the magnetic field at the recess 14. This location may be either near the rotor 100 or near the stator 200. The meaning of the recess 14 will be explained separately below.
  • the second end face 12 is also convex or arched outward or curved.
  • the outwardly curved shape of the second end face 12 is dependent on the diameter of the rotor 100 and / or the stator 200.
  • an approximate sinusoidal current curve can be generated during the rotation of the rotor.
  • the two end faces 8 and 12 are connected to one another by sectionally inwardly curved side surfaces 16 and 18, so that the above-mentioned trumpet-like contour is formed.
  • a respective ösens shame receptacle 20 and 22 is formed at the inwardly curved side surfaces 16 and 18, a respective ösens shame receptacle 20 and 22 is formed.
  • the eyelet-like receptacles 20 and 22 each have a slot 20a and 22a extending in their longitudinal direction, ie in the axial direction, so that the generation of a disturbing magnetic field in the circumferential direction of the eyelet-like receptacles 20 and 22 is effectively avoided by this interruption.
  • connecting means 20b and 22b can be added.
  • the connecting means 20b and 22b are provided for frictional connection of a plurality of arranged in the axial direction A of the rotor 100 brackets 2 on the side surfaces 16 and 18.
  • the connecting means 20b and 22b are in the present case bars with provided at both ends of external threads and screws. Further, in the eye-like receptacles 20 and 22, an adhesive is introduced.
  • the holder 2 also has a cuboid pocket 24, in the two
  • Permanent magnets 4 are added. To stabilize the holder 2, a spoke 26 was formed between the two received permanent magnets 4 in the radial direction. Although it is a bag 24 in the present embodiment, a plurality of pockets may be readily formed in a holder. In the course of which it is also conceivable to form a plurality of spokes to ensure the stability of the holder.
  • the formation of the pocket 24 in the holder 2 results in a first web 28 in the region of an air gap between the rotor 100 and stator 200 and a second web 30 in the region of the connecting portion 6. More precisely, the second web 30 extends between the end faces 4a of Permanent magnet 4 and the second end face 12 of the holder 2.
  • the element 1 is mirror-symmetrical both in the axial direction A and in the radial direction R to the respective center axes M.
  • the two permanent magnets 4 inserted in the pocket 24 have a
  • the connecting portion 13 connecting the end surface 12 and the recess 14 is configured at a set angle, so that the magnetic field lines can be collected at a desired position.
  • the first web 28 and the second web 30 is formed relatively narrow to prevent short-circuiting suction.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a rotor hub 50 with a mantle surface 51 and a plurality of elements 1 according to the invention arranged in the circumferential direction U of the rotor hub 50 of a first embodiment after assembly.
  • the rotor hub 50 which is formed from a non-ferromagnetic material, has a plurality of circular openings 52 arranged in the circumferential direction U for cooling the rotor 100.
  • the elements 1 are periodically secured in the connecting portion 6 at an equal distance in the circumferential direction U to the rotor hub 50 by means of a dovetail connection 10.
  • the elements 1 are attached to the rotor hub 50 by means of adhesive 36.
  • the elements 1 in the connecting portion 6 are not only attached to the rotor hub 50, as in the prior art, but by means of the dovetail 10 surrounded by a non-ferromagnetic material, namely the rotor hub 50, the magnetic field lines are radially outward, in Direction of the air gap between the rotor 100 and stator 200 is directed.
  • This dovetail joint 10 thus also contributes to the effective bundling of the magnetic field, since the magnetic field lines are first deflected radially further outside before they emerge from the holder 2.
  • the elements 1 are arranged in the circumferential direction U in such a way that between each two adjacent elements 1, a gap 38 is provided.
  • the gap 38 is formed as an air gap, whereby the armature reaction of the magnetic stator field is reduced and the adjacent brackets 2 cools due to the air flow therebetween.
  • 1 supporting elements 40 are provided between the adjacent elements, which are arranged offset in the axial direction A to the element 1, and a pressing ring 42 with cooling holes 44, which are explained in more detail in Fig. 3. Due to the contouring of the element 1, in particular the holder 2, namely the inwardly curved side surfaces 16 and 18, an armature reaction caused by the stator 200 is effectively reduced, since the area between the two adjacent elements 1 in the circumferential direction U only with air as magnetic Resistance is filled. Thus, the armature reaction of the stator 200 is particularly well avoided by this contouring of the holder 2.
  • the arrangement of the permanent magnets 4 shown in FIG. 2 in the elements 1 arranged in the circumferential direction U of the rotor hub 50 shows that the different poles of the two permanent magnets 4, i. North Pole and South Pole, facing in an element 1 facing.
  • the polarity of the circumferentially U adjacent elements 1 and thus the expression of Nordpolabterrorisme 34 and Südpolabchae 32 of the elements 1 is selected so that a Nordpolab mustard 34 of an element 1 to a north pole portion 34 of a circumferentially U adjacent element 1 faces and that South pole portion 32 of an element 1 to a south pole portion 32 of a circumferentially U adjacent element 1 faces.
  • the magnetic flux in the direction of the air gap between the rotor 100 and the stator 200 is formed particularly well.
  • the permanent magnets 4 are further arranged in the holder 2, that the end faces 4a are closer to the axis of rotation D of the rotor 100 as the mantle surface 51 of the rotor hub 50, whereby the magnetic field lines are reinforced radially outward, since the rotor hub 50 from a non-ferromagnetic or a high magnetic resistance having material is formed.
  • the smallest cross section B of the holder 2 is formed at the radial distance of the mantle surface 51 of the rotor hub 50.
  • the smallest cross-section B is here in about four and a half times the thickness of a permanent magnet 4 in the circumferential direction U.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective sectional view of a rotor hub 50, a plurality of arranged in the circumferential direction U of the rotor hub 50 according to the invention Elements 1 of a first embodiment and a pressing ring 42.
  • the pressing ring 42 is arranged at one end of the provided in the circumferential direction U element packets, in other words, on an end face 54 of the rotor hub 50. Further, the peripheral surface of the shell 51 of the rotor hub 51 to recognize.
  • a plurality of support elements 38 are arranged at the same distance in the circumferential direction U.
  • the support elements 38 are located at such fixed positions that they are in each case to the same extent with two circumferentially U adjacent elements 1 in contact, ie have a same overlap with two adjacent in the circumferential direction U elements 1.
  • the stacked in the axial direction A of the rotor 100 construction of the elements 1 effectively prevents the formation of eddy currents along the axial direction A of the rotor 100.
  • Fig. 3 it can be seen from Fig. 3, that the two adjacent in the axial direction A elements 1 in the eye-like receptacles 20 and 22 are connected by means of the connecting means 20b and 22b axially to each other.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of an element according to the invention arranged on the rotor hub 50 'by means of a dovetail joint 10', of a second embodiment.
  • the element 1 'shown in Figure 4 consists of a holder 2', which is formed of a north pole portion 34 forming part and a Südpolabites 32 forming part.
  • the north pole section 34 and the south pole section 32 depend on the orientation of the poles of the permanent magnet 4.
  • the rotor hub 50 'shown in FIG. 4 is adapted in comparison to the rotor hub 50 of the preceding embodiment such that a projection 56 is formed in the region of the permanent magnet 4 of the element 1'.
  • the permanent magnet 4 inserted in a cuboid pocket 24 'of the holder 2' is in contact with the projection 56 of the rotor hub 50 'at the end.
  • a magnetic short in both the air gap between the rotor 100 and the stator 200 due to the absence of a first land as well as in the connecting portion 6 'due to the magnetically insulating rotor hub 50 and the absence of a second land effectively avoided.
  • a further development of the element 1 'shown in FIG. 4 consists in that the part forming the north pole section 34 and the part forming the south pole section 32 can be connected to one another at the end face with respect to the axial direction A via at least one web.
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a rotor 100 with an axis of rotation D.
  • the first press ring 42 On a rotor shaft 102, the first press ring 42, a rotor hub 50 with four element packages (four axial element packs) arranged in the axial direction A on the rotor hub 50, is the second Press ring 42 and a fan 104 attached.
  • the two end faces arranged on the rotor hub 50 pressing rings 42 press or push the element packets 1 (axial element packets) by means of a traction means, not shown firmly together, so that vibrations between the elements 1 can be avoided.
  • the pulling means used to press the pressing rings 42 together may be configured similarly to the connecting means 20b and 22b and in the present embodiment extend through the rotor hub 50.
  • the fan 104 is provided for discharging the high temperatures of the rotor 100.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section of a sectional view of two adjacent
  • Elements 1 each having a permanent magnet 4 with a diagram of the magnetic field. Furthermore, a stator 200 with a plurality of stator teeth 202 is shown. Based on this figure, the magnetic field is explained below, which is shown in the form of field lines. Here, the distance between the field lines indicates the intensity of magnetic flux density. For better clarity, the representation of the rotor hub is omitted.
  • the shape of a holder 2 " is selected in this embodiment so that it is trapezoidal and with a Dovetail 10 is formed in the region of the connecting portion 6.
  • the field lines of the permanent magnets 4 shown in Fig. 6 are substantially forwarded from the respective permanent magnets 4 to the corresponding holder 2 "The two holders 2" subsequently emit the field lines to the stator teeth 202 of the stator 200 and then again to the opposite one Pol of the respective permanent magnet 4 returned.
  • a field line can be seen in each case, which indicates magnetic saturation of the stator teeth 202.
  • the lower region of the element in the region of the dovetail 10 it can be seen that only a small proportion of the field lines exit in the direction of the rotor hub (not shown).
  • the holder 2 "collects the field lines of the permanent magnet 4 and directs them in the direction of the air gap between the rotor 100 and the stator 200.
  • the field lines in the region of the recess 14 show that only a small portion through the depression 14 Accordingly, the recess 14 also causes a collector effect, but also the ratio of the length 1 of the permanent magnet 4 in the radial direction R to half the width b of the holder 2 "is a measure of the collecting effect or the flux density of the Permanent magnets 4.
  • FIG. 7 shows a detail of a sectional view of two adjacent elements 1, each with a longer permanent magnet 4 than in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 7 again contains a diagram of the magnetic field, which is shown in the form of field lines.
  • the shape of a holder 2 "'in this embodiment is chosen so that it is substantially trapezoidal with a dovetail 10 in the region of the connecting portion 6.
  • An angle ⁇ describes the angle between the first end face 8 of the holder 2''and the The trapezoidal shape of the holder 2 "'is widened again approximately at the height of the permanent magnet 4, ie the angle ⁇ becomes duller.
  • the magnetic flux increases with increasing length 1, which is recognizable by the magnetic flux density.
  • the induction can theoretically be further increased in this way, but in reality it is limited, as can be seen in FIG. 7, by the magnetic saturation, which usually first begins in the stator teeth 202.
  • the longer selected length 1 of the permanent magnet 4 in the radial direction R in FIG. 7 compared to that in FIG. 6 also shows that the field line density of the holder 2 "'of FIG. 7 is higher than that of FIG Saturation of the holder 2 "'depends on the angle ⁇ . If a too acute angle ⁇ is selected, a magnetic saturation of the holder 2 "'occurs and the field lines emerge from the holder 2"' in a similar way as can be seen in the case of the magnetic saturation in the region of the stator teeth 202.
  • a holder and permanent magnet element configured as a collector assembly can not be subsequently magnetized because it is not possible to apply the required magnetic flux density to the magnet.
  • the assembly of the elements on the rotor hub is performed such that a plurality of elements are introduced successively along a dovetail of the rotor hub, so that an axial, preferably non-positively connected with connecting means, element package is formed. Thereafter, the next elements are arranged offset by 180 degrees radially offset on the rotor hub until they form a complete axial element package.
  • the elements are initially arranged in radial order such that a dovetail receptacle lying between two filled dovetail connections or receptacles is not filled.
  • the even number of element packets is regularly arranged opposite the elementary packet with the previous odd number. If elements between two directly adjacent elements are introduced one after the other, the poles of the same name directly adjacent elements repel each other.
  • a guide plate can first be positioned on the respective adjacent elements so that the element to be introduced can not become caught between the two adjacent elements already fastened to the rotor hub.
  • Rotor hub 50 protrude, it is also quite conceivable to attach them to the rotor shaft 102 such that a pressing together of the two compression rings 42 is realized.
  • the second embodiment of the holder has no receptacle, but this is readily possible.
  • the receptacles can also be incorporated in side surfaces of the holder as a depression.
  • the side surface 16, 18; 16 ', 18' of the brackets 1 are formed curved inwards in the present embodiments.
  • the side surfaces of a holder may also be trapezoidal or in another form, which causes a direction of the air gap between the rotor and stator at least initially funnel-shaped effect for the magnetic flux.
  • the length 1 of the permanent magnet in the radial direction R at a constant width b of the holder 2 is longer, it is also readily possible at a constant length 1 of the permanent magnet 4 in the radial direction R, the width b of the holder 2 and thus influences the collector effect or the flux density.
  • the holder can also be used in a number of electrical machines, such as a DC machine, etc. Furthermore, the electric machine can be operated both as a motor and as a generator.
  • the recess 14 is trapezoidal in the first embodiment, but it is also possible to form the recess circular, concave, triangular, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément d'une machine électrique comprenant une fixation qui comprend une première face frontale possédant une section de liaison pour la fixation à un moyeu de rotor et une deuxième face frontale, ainsi qu'au moins un aimant permanent qui peut être aimanté dans la direction périphérique de la machine électrique et qui est inséré dans une poche de la fixation. La deuxième face frontale comporte une cavité au niveau dudit ou desdits aimants permanents, de manière que la formation du champ magnétique des aimants permanents soit optimisé.
EP13753267.7A 2012-07-04 2013-07-03 Élément d'une machine électrique comportant une fixation et un aimant permanent, composant comportant au moins un élément et machine électrique Withdrawn EP2870680A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012105992A DE102012105992A1 (de) 2012-07-04 2012-07-04 Element einer elektrischen Maschine mit einer Halterung und einem Permanentmagneten, Bauteil mit wenigstens einem Element sowie eine elektrische Maschine
PCT/DE2013/100246 WO2014005580A2 (fr) 2012-07-04 2013-07-03 Élément d'une machine électrique comportant une fixation et un aimant permanent, composant comportant au moins un élément et machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2870680A2 true EP2870680A2 (fr) 2015-05-13

Family

ID=49036400

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13753267.7A Withdrawn EP2870680A2 (fr) 2012-07-04 2013-07-03 Élément d'une machine électrique comportant une fixation et un aimant permanent, composant comportant au moins un élément et machine électrique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2870680A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20150067124A (fr)
CN (1) CN104521110A (fr)
DE (2) DE102012105992A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1208289A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014005580A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2546298B (en) * 2016-01-14 2022-06-15 Advanced Electric Machines Group Ltd Rotor assembly
US10211689B2 (en) * 2016-03-09 2019-02-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine rotor
EP3276797A1 (fr) * 2016-07-25 2018-01-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotor de machine rotative électrique
FR3064837B1 (fr) * 2017-04-03 2020-01-17 Moving Magnet Technologies Rotor pour machine electrique a aimants permanents internes
DE102021116054A1 (de) 2021-06-22 2022-12-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Rotors mittels eines flexiblen Spulenträgers, elektrische Maschine sowie Kraftfahrzeug

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DE2659650A1 (de) * 1976-12-30 1978-11-16 Siemens Ag Dauermagneterregte elektrische maschine
US4336649A (en) * 1978-12-26 1982-06-29 The Garrett Corporation Method of making rotor assembly having anchor with undulating sides
FR2655214B1 (fr) * 1989-11-27 1992-02-07 Alsthom Gec Rotor de moteur a aimants.
DE19914021C2 (de) 1999-03-19 2002-01-31 Siemens Ag Mehrpoliger, permanenterregter Rotor für eine rotierende elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Läufers
FR2903824A1 (fr) * 2006-07-13 2008-01-18 Leroy Somer Moteurs Rotor de machine tournante electrique et procede de fabrication
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WO2009014742A2 (fr) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Power Group International, Inc. Dispositif et procédé permettant de serrer et de verrouiller des aimants permanents et d'améliorer un refroidissement à l'intérieur d'une machine électrique rotative à l'aide d'aimants à flux orienté concentré
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US8581464B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2013-11-12 General Electric Company Segmented rotor
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104521110A (zh) 2015-04-15
DE112013003380A5 (de) 2015-04-23
DE102012105992A1 (de) 2013-11-07
WO2014005580A3 (fr) 2014-07-17
WO2014005580A2 (fr) 2014-01-09
HK1208289A1 (en) 2016-02-26
KR20150067124A (ko) 2015-06-17

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