EP2859235B1

EP2859235B1 - A compressor comprising a cylinder head

Info

Publication number: EP2859235B1
Application number: EP13723788.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ersin Donmez; Ahmet Refik Ozdemir; Hakan Tunca
Original assignee: Arcelik AS
Current assignee: Arcelik AS
Priority date: 2012-06-06
Filing date: 2013-05-18
Publication date: 2016-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-18
Also published as: CN104583593B; CN104583593A; ES2585729T3; SI2859235T1; EP2859235A1; BR112014030493A2; WO2013182408A1

Description

The present invention relates to a compressor used in cooling devices and comprising a cylinder head. In the hermetic compressors used in domestic type refrigerators, the refrigerant reaches the cylinder by passing through the muffler and suction chamber of the cylinder head. At the end of the compression process, the refrigerant with increased pressure and temperature is poured into the exhaust chamber of the cylinder head after leaving the cylinder. The delivery of the refrigerant from the suction chamber to the cylinder is realized by means of the inlet passage situated on the valve plate. The suction valve leaf located in front of the inlet passage opens up the front of the inlet passage by moving towards the cylinder with the effect of pressure difference. Thus, the refrigerant passes from the suction chamber to the cylinder. However, in the case the suction valve leaf covers the front of the inlet passage, the refrigerant flows back towards the suction chamber by impacting the suction valve leaf. Similarly, the refrigerant, contained in the exhaust chamber while the exhaust valve leaf covers the front of the discharge passage prematurely, flows back into the cylinder by impacting the exhaust valve leaf. Sound is generated due to movements of the refrigerant in opposite directions inside the cylinder, towards the exhaust chamber and towards the cylinder (the movement of refrigerant flowing back by impacting the valve leaf).
Furthermore, the refrigerant compressed in the cylinder and delivered to the exhaust chamber increases the temperature at the interior of the suction chamber. The increased heat in the suction chamber disperses outside the suction chamber. Accordingly, the compressor efficiency and performance are adversely affected.
In the state of the art Japanese Patent Document No. JP60065291 , a compressor is described having a U-shaped protector that is disposed on the cylinder head.
The FR 1 368 173 A discloses a cylinder head for a compressor that is composed of several layers which form cavities for the inlet and outlet of gas. An uppermost layer of the cylinder head comprises a dome for reinforcement purposes.
The aim of the present invention is the realization of a compressor wherein the sound and heat generated during the flow of the refrigerant are attenuated.
The compressor, realized in order to attain the aims of the present invention and explicated in the attached claims, comprises a casing carrying the components therein, a cylinder wherein the compression process is performed, a cylinder head disposed on the cylinder, a valve plate situated between the cylinder and the cylinder head, at least one exhaust chamber below the cylinder head wherein the pumped circulating fluid fills, at least one suction chamber wherein the sucked circulating fluid fills and at least one cover disposed above the cylinder head. The exhaust chamber and the suction chamber are disposed side by side below the cylinder head.
The compressor of the present invention furthermore comprises at least one insulation chamber situated between the cylinder head and the cover. During passage of the refrigerant from the suction chamber to the cylinder or from the cylinder to the exhaust chamber, the refrigerant flows back by impacting the valve leaf in the case the valve leaf situated on the valve plate is closed. By means of the insulation chamber, the noise, generated with the mixing of the refrigerant moving towards the valve leaf and the refrigerant flowing back by impacting the valve leaf, is prevented from dispersing outside the cover and insulation is provided.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover is produced from a material with low heat and/or sound conductivity. Thus, the cover disposed on the cylinder head provides heat and sound insulation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder head is produced from plastic material. Production of the cylinder head from plastic material minimizes heat transmission between the suction chamber and the exhaust chamber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover is produced from metal material. Thus, a cover having a sturdy structure is disposed on the cylinder head. The cover applies pressure on the cylinder head by means of the surfaces it contacts and prevents a distance from remaining between the cylinder head and the valve plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulation chamber is fixed on the cylinder head by snap-fitting method.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a material having low coefficient of insulation is placed into the insulation chamber. Thus, sound and heat are prevented from dispersing outside the cover.
In the present invention, the insulation chamber is formed as a recess arranged on the cylinder head. The temperature of the compressed refrigerant increases during the delivery of the refrigerant from the cylinder to the exhaust chamber. As the compressed refrigerant flows into the exhaust chamber, the temperature inside the exhaust chamber also increases. The heat is provided to be insulated by means of the insulation chamber being disposed on the exhaust chamber.
In the present invention, the insulation chamber is situated between the walls that separate the suction chamber from the exhaust chamber. The insulation chamber is shaped as a recess. Thus, heat exchange between the suction chamber and the exhaust chamber is prevented.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor comprises at least one sealing element that surrounds the insulation chamber. Insulation efficiency is increased between the cylinder head and the cover by preventing refrigerant and heat from entering the insulation chamber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor comprises at least one suction muffler having a hollow volume that provides the attenuation of the noise generated during the pumping of the refrigerant fluid, at least one headpiece mounted on the suction muffler and the cylinder head having at least one first housing wherein the suction muffler is disposed. The suction muffler with the headpiece mounted thereon is placed into the first housing. The suction muffler placed into the first housing is situated between the cylinder head and the valve plate. The suction chamber is disposed to be adjacent to the exhaust chamber below the cylinder head.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover comprises at least one second housing wherein the suction muffler is situated. The second housing is situated just above the first housing. The shapes of the first housing and the second housing are almost the same.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor comprises at least one extension that extends from the sides of the cover that surround the second housing and that is situated at least partially on the suction chamber when the cover is placed on the cylinder head.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor comprises at least one recess wherein the exhaust chamber and the suction chamber are almost entirely situated. The headpiece is placed into the second housing. Consequently, the suction chamber and the exhaust chamber are provided to be disposed between the cover and the valve plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor comprises the cylinder head having a flange located on at least one of its corners and the cover disposed on the cylinder head by being mounted to the flanges without contacting the outer walls of the exhaust chamber and/or the second housing. The flange extends from the side of the exhaust chamber. Thus, a cavernous structure is formed between the cover and the cylinder head. By means of the insulation chamber, the still air between the cover and the cylinder head provides insulation and thus the efficiency of the compressor is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor comprises at least one protrusion situated on the cover and which provides the cover to be attached to the cylinder head. The protrusion has a shape matching that of the flange. The cover is provided to be fixed to the cylinder head by the protrusion being fixed to the flange.
In a derivative of this embodiment, the cover is formed as a frame.
By means of the present invention, a compressor is realized that has an insulation chamber which provides the insulation of the sound and heat generated during refrigerant flow, preventing them from dispersing into the casing.
The compressor realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention is illustrated in the attached figures, where:

Figure 1 - is the cross-sectional view of a compressor.
Figure 2 - is the perspective view of a cylinder head, a cover and a suction muffler.
Figure 3 - is the exploded view of a cylinder head, a cover and a suction muffler.
Figure 4 - is the sideways cross-sectional view of the cylinder head, the cover and the suction muffler used in an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 - is the sideways cross-sectional view of the cylinder head, the cover and the suction muffler used in another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 - is the sideways view of the cylinder head, the cover and the suction muffler.
Figure 7 - is the perspective view of a cover.
Figure 8 - is the perspective view of a cover from a different angle.
Figure 9 - is the perspective view of a cylinder head..
Figure 10 - is the perspective view of a cylinder head from a different angle.

The elements illustrated in the figures are numbered as follows:

1. Compressor
2. Casing
3. Cylinder
4. Cylinder head
5. Valve plate
6. Exhaust chamber
7. Suction chamber
8. Cover
9. Insulation chamber
10. Sealing element
11. Suction muffler
12. Headpiece
13. First housing
14. Second housing
15. Extension
16. Recess
17. Flange
18. Protrusion

The compressor (1) comprises a casing (2) carrying the components therein, a cylinder (3) wherein the compression process is performed, a cylinder head (4) disposed on the cylinder (3), a valve plate (5) situated between the cylinder (3) and the cylinder head (4), at least one exhaust chamber (6) disposed below the cylinder head (4) wherein the pumped circulating fluid fills, at least one suction chamber (7) wherein the sucked circulating fluid fills and at least one cover (8) disposed above the cylinder head (4) (Figure 1).
The compressor (1) furthermore comprises a piston operating inside the cylinder (3), an inlet passage and a discharge passage arranged on the valve table (5), that provide the refrigerant fluid in the suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6) to enter into/exit from the cylinder (3), a suction valve leaf located on one side of the valve plate (5), providing the refrigerant fluid to be sucked into the cylinder (3) by opening/closing the inlet passage during movement of the piston and an exhaust valve leaf located on the other side of the valve plate (5), providing the refrigerant fluid to be discharged from the cylinder (3) by opening/closing the discharge passage during movement of the piston. The suction and pumping of the refrigerant fluid from/to the cylinder (3) is performed by the movement of the piston. The refrigerant fluid entering the cylinder (3) by means of the inlet passage on the valve plate (5) and the opening/closing of the suction valve leaf reaches the desired pressure by being compressed. The refrigerant fluid is delivered to the exhaust chamber (6) by means of the exhaust passage on the valve plate (5) and the opening/closing of the exhaust valve leaf.
The compressor (1) of the present invention comprises at least one insulation chamber (9) situated between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8). The cover (8) almost entirely surrounds the outer wall of the cylinder head (4). The shape of the cover (8) and the outer surface of the cylinder head (4) is almost the same. The suction chamber (7) is disposed to be adjacent to the exhaust chamber (6) below the cylinder head (4). By means of the insulation chamber (9), a distance remains between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8). In the case the suction valve leaf is closed while the refrigerant is delivered from the suction chamber (7) towards the cylinder (3), the refrigerant flows back towards the suction chamber (7). Similarly, in the case the exhaust valve leaf is closed during passage of the refrigerant from the cylinder (3) to the exhaust chamber (6), the refrigerant flows back to the cylinder (3). By means of the insulation chamber (9), insulation is provided and the noise, generated by the refrigerant flowing in opposite directions, is provided to be attenuated (Figure 2, Figure 3).
Furthermore, the temperature of the refrigerant compressed inside the cylinder (3) increases. The refrigerant leaving the cylinder (3) passes into the exhaust chamber (6). The temperature at the interior of the cylinder (3) containing compressed refrigerant and the exhaust chamber (6) also increases. The increasing interior heat of the exhaust chamber (6) is prevented from dispersing into the casing (2) since the insulation chamber (9) provides insulation.
In a derivative of this embodiment, the insulation chamber (9) is vacuumed. Thus, insulation effectiveness of the insulation chamber (9) is increased.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover (8) is produced from a material with low heat and/or sound conductivity. By means of the cover (8) providing sound and heat insulation, attenuation of increasing sound and heat inside the cylinder head (4) occurring during flow of the refrigerant fluid is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder head (4) is produced from plastic material. Production of the cylinder head (4) from plastic material minimizes heat transmission between the suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the cover (8) is produced from metal material. Thus, rigidity of the cover (8) is increased and pressure is applied onto the cylinder head (4). The cylinder head (4) and the suction chamber (7) are almost entirely covered by means of the cover (8). Thus, refrigerant is prevented from leaking out of the suction chamber (7) and/or the exhaust chamber (6).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover (8) is mounted on the cylinder head (4) by snap-fitting method. Thus, the cover (8) is provided to be seated tightly on the cylinder head (4). The cover (8) is prevented from detaching from the cylinder head (4).
In an embodiment of the present invention, a material having low coefficient of insulation is placed into the insulation chamber (9). Thus, during operation of the compressor (1) noise originating from refrigerant flow is prevented from dispersing. Furthermore, the increased heat inside the cylinder head (4) is prevented from dispersing outside.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulation chamber (9) is formed as a recess arranged on the cylinder head (4). When the cover (8) is placed on the cylinder head (4), the cover (8) is prevented from entirely contacting the cylinder head (4) by means of the insulation chamber (9) and an empty space is provided to remain between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8). The insulation chamber (9) provides insulation between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8). Furthermore, heat is provided to be insulated with the insulation chamber (9) being on the exhaust chamber (6) (Figure 9, Figure 10).
In a version of this embodiment, the insulation chamber (9) is situated between the opposite walls that divide the inner volume of the cylinder head (4) into two, separating the suction chamber (7) from the exhaust chamber (6). The insulation chamber (9) is shaped as a recess. The pressure and temperature of the refrigerant compressed in the cylinder (3) increase. The temperature of the exhaust chamber (6) increases due to the refrigerant passing from the cylinder (3) into the exhaust chamber (6). By means of the insulation chamber (9), insulation is provided between the suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6) and the interior temperature of the suction chamber (7) is prevented from increasing. Thus, the efficiency of the compressor (1) is improved (Figure 4).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor (1) comprises at least one sealing element (10) that surrounds the insulation chamber (9). The refrigerant, heat etc. is prevented from entering the insulation chamber (9) by means of the sealing element (10) that surrounds the insulation chamber (9). Thus, the insulation effectiveness between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8) is increased (Figure 4).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor (1) comprises at least one suction muffler (11), having a hollow volume that provides the attenuation of the noise generated during pumping of the refrigerant fluid, at least one headpiece (12) mounted on the suction muffler (11) and wherein the suction chamber (7) is situated and the cylinder head (4) having at least one first housing (13) wherein the suction muffler (11) is disposed. The suction chamber (7) is located under the headpiece (12). The headpiece (12) is disposed on the suction muffler (11). The headpiece (12) and the suction muffler (11) are mounted to the cylinder head (4) by means of the first housing (13). The suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6) are situated side by side (Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover (8) comprises at least one second housing (14) wherein the headpiece (12) is placed. The second housing (14) is situated above the first housing (13). The headpiece (12) is placed inside the second housing (14) and the first housing (13). The shapes of the second housing (14) and the first housing (13) are almost the same (Figure 3, Figure 10).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor (1) comprises at least one extension (15) that extends from the sides of the cover (8) surrounding the second housing (14) and that is situated almost on the suction chamber (7) when the cover (8) is placed on the cylinder head (4). The extension (15) is almost U-shaped. The extension (15) allows heat exchange between the suction chamber (7) and the outside environment. Thus, the interior temperature of the suction chamber (7) is prevented from rising excessively.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover (8) comprises at least one recess (16) wherein the suction chamber (7) and/or the exhaust chamber (6) are almost entirely situated when the cover (8) is placed on the cylinder head (4). The suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6) are disposed between the cover (8) and the valve plate (5). The cover (8) almost entirely surrounds the outer wall of the cylinder head (4). Consequently, the sound and noise occurring between the cylinder (3) and the cylinder head (4), generated by the refrigerant flowing in opposite directions within the same volume, are provided to be attenuated. Furthermore, the exhaust chamber (6), the temperature of which rises while containing the high temperature refrigerant, is prevented from dispersing its heat into the casing (2) (Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 7, Figure 8).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor (1) comprises the cylinder head (4) having a flange (17) located on at least one of its corners and the cover (8) disposed on the cylinder head (4) by being attached to the flanges (17) without contacting the exhaust chamber (6) outer walls and/or the second housing (14). The flange (17) extends from the sides of the exhaust chamber (6). The cover (8) contacts the cylinder head (4) only by means of the flanges (17). The cylinder head (4) and the cover (8) are situated on the valve plate (5) one within the other. Thus, by means of the cover (8) disposed below the suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6), heat and sound increase originating from the refrigerant during pressure surges is prevented from dispersing outside the cover (8) (Figure 9, Figure 10).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover (8) is in the form of a frame having a hole through which the exhaust chamber (6) and some portion of the suction chamber (7) passes. Pressure is applied on the cylinder head (4) by the cover (8). Thus, the cover (8) is prevented from detaching from the cylinder head (4).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressor (1) comprises at least one protrusion (18) situated on the cover (8) and which provides the cover (8) to be attached to the cylinder head (4). The protrusion (18) has a shape matching that of the flange (17). The cover (8) is provided to be fixed to the cylinder head (4) with the protrusion (18) being fixed to the flange (17).
By means of the present invention, a compressor (1) is realized having the insulation chamber (9) that provides a distance between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8) thereby insulating the increase in heat and sound originating from refrigerant flow during passage of the refrigerant between the cylinder (3) and the suction chamber (7) or the exhaust chamber (6). Furthermore, by means of the insulation chamber (9), heat exchange between the suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6) is minimized and efficiency of the compressor (1) is increased. The cover (8) applies pressure on the cylinder head (4) and leakage of refrigerant from the suction chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (6) situated under the cylinder head (4) is prevented.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above and a person skilled in the art can easily introduce different embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

A compressor (1) comprising - a casing (2) carrying the components therein,
- a cylinder (3) wherein the compression process is performed,

- a cylinder head (4) disposed on the cylinder (3),

- a valve plate (5) situated between the cylinder (3) and the cylinder head (4),

- at least one exhaust chamber (6) disposed below the cylinder head (4) wherein the pumped circulating fluid fills,

- at least one suction chamber (7) wherein the sucked circulating fluid fills and

- at least one cover (8) mounted onto the cylinder head (4),
wherein
- at least one insulation chamber (9) is situated between the cylinder head (4) and the cover (8),
characterized in that the insulation chamber (9) is formed as a recess arranged on the cylinder head (4) and situated between the opposite walls that divide the inner volume of the cylinder head (4) into two, separating the suction chamber (7) from the exhaust chamber (6).
A compressor (1) as in Claim 1, characterized in that the cover (8) that is produced from a material with low heat and/or sound conductivity.
A compressor (1) as in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylinder head (4) that is produced from plastic material.
A compressor (1) as in any one of the above Claims, characterized in that the cover (8) that is produced from metal material.
A compressor (1) as in any one of the above Claims, characterized in that the cover (8) that is mounted on the cylinder head (4) by snap-fitting method.
A compressor (1) as in any one of the above Claims, characterized in that at least one sealing element (10) that surrounds the insulation chamber (9).
A compressor (1) as in any one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one suction muffler (11) having a hollow volume that provides the attenuation of the noise generated during pumping of the refrigerant fluid, at least one headpiece (12) mounted on the suction muffler (11) wherein the suction chamber (7) is situated and the cylinder head (4) having at least one first housing (13) wherein the suction muffler (11) is disposed.
A compressor (1) as in Claim 7, characterized in that the cover (8) having at least one second housing (14) wherein the headpiece (12) is placed.
A compressor (1) as in Claim 8, characterized in that at least one extension (15) that extends from the sides of the cover (8) surrounding the second housing (14) and that is situated almost on the suction chamber (7) when the cover (8) is placed on the cylinder head (4).
A compressor (1) as in any one of the above Claims, characterized in that a recess (16), when placed on the cylinder head (4), wherein the suction chamber (7) and/or the exhaust chamber (6) is almost entirely situated.
A compressor (1) as in any one of the Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the cylinder head (4) having a flange (17) located on at least one of its corners and the cover (8) disposed on the cylinder head (4) by being attached to the flanges (17) without contacting the outer walls of the exhaust chamber (6) and/or the second housing (14).
A compressor (1) as in any one of the above Claims, characterized in that at least one protrusion (18) situated on the cover (8) and which provides the cover (8) to be attached to the cylinder head (4).