EP2855393A1

EP2855393A1 - Settable compositions comprising cement kiln dust and rice husk ash and methods of use

Info

Publication number: EP2855393A1
Application number: EP13726993.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Craig W. Roddy; Jiten Chatterji; D. Chad BRENNEIS; Callie R. Jarratt
Original assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Current assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority date: 2012-05-24
Filing date: 2013-05-22
Publication date: 2015-04-08
Also published as: MY170676A; AR091136A1; MX2014010133A; NO20140725A1; CA2861662C; AU2013266319A1; AU2013266319B2; WO2013177336A1; CA2861662A1

Abstract

Embodiments disclose method and compositions that comprise cement kiln dust and rice husk ash. An embodiment comprises a method of cementing comprising: placing a settable composition into a subterranean formation, the settable composition comprising cement kiln dust, rice husk ash, and water; and allowing the settable composition to set.

Description

SETTABLE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CEMENT KILN DUST AND RICE

HUSK ASH AND METHODS OF US

BACKGROUND

[0001] The present^" invention relates to cementing operations and, more particularly; in certain embodiments, to methods and compositions that comprise cement kiln dust f'CKD' and rice husk ash.

[0002] In cementing methods, such as well construction and remedial cementing, sellable compositions are commonly utilized. As used herein, the term "sellable composition^*' refers to a composition(s) that hydraulica!ly sets or otherwise develops compressive strength, Sellable compositions may be used in primary cementing operations whereby pipe strings, such, as casing and liners, are cemented in well bores. In performing primary cementing, a setiabie composition may be pumped into an aonuius between a subterranean formation and the pipe string disposed in the subterranean formation. The setiabie composition should set in the annulus, thereby forming an annular sheath of hardened cement {e.g., a cement sheath) that should support and positio the pipe siring in the well bore and bond the exterior surface of the pipe string to the wails of the well bore. Sellable compositions also may be used in remedial cementing methods, such as the placement of cement plugs, and in squeeze cementing tor sealing voids in a pipe string, cement sheath, gravel pack, formation, and the like.

[000:3] Setiabie compositions used heretofore commonly comprise Portland cement. Portland cement generally is a major component of the cost for the sellable compositions. To reduce the cost of such setiabie compositions, other components may be included in. the setiabie composition in addition to, or in place of, the Portland cement. Such components may include fly ash, slag cement, shale, metakaolm, micro-fine cement, and the like. "Fly ash," as that term is used herein, refers to the residue from the combustion of powdered or ground coal, wherein the fly ash carried by the flue gases may be recovered, for example, by electrostatic precipitation. "Slag " as that term is used herein, refers to a granulated, blast furnace by-product formed in. the production of east iron and generally comprises the oxidized impurities found in iron ore. Slag cement generally comprises slag and a base, for example, such as sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, or lime, to produce a sellable composition that, when combined with water, may set to .form a hardened mass. SUMMARY

[0004] The present invention relates to cementing operations and, more particularly, in certain embodiments,, to methods and compositions that comprise C D and rice husk ash.

[0005] An embodiment provides a method of cementing comprising: placing a settabie composition into a subterranean formation, the settabie composition comprising cement kiln dust, rice husk ash, and water; and allowing the settabie composition to set,

[0006] Another embodiment provides a method of cementing comprising; placing a settabie composition into a subterranean formation, the settabie composition comprising cement kiln dust, rice husk ash, Portland cement, and water; and allowing the settabie compost tion to set.

[0007] Another embodiment provides a method of cementing comprising: placing a settabie composition into a subterranean formation, the settabi composition comprising: cement kiln dust, rice husk ash, and water, wherein the cement kiln dust is present in an amount in a range of from about 50% to about 80% by weight of the cement kiln dust and the riee husk ash, wherein the rice husk ash is present in an amount in a range of from about 20% to about 50% by weight of the cement kiln dust and the rice husk ash, wherein the water is present in an amount in a range of from about 40% to about 200% by weight of the cement kiln dust and the riee husk ash, wherein the settabie coniposiiioii is essentially free of Portland cement; and allowing the settabie composition to set.

[0008] Another embodiment provides a settabie composition comprising: cement kiln dust; riee husk ash; and water,

[0009] The features and advantage of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art While numerous changes may be made by those skilled in the art, such changes are within the spirit of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTIO

[001.0] The present invention relates to cementing operations and, more particularly, in certain embodiments, to methods and compositions thai comprise CKD and rice husk ash. There may be several potential advantages to the methods and compositions of the present invention, onl some of which may be alluded to herein. One of the many potential advantages of embodiments of the present invention is that inclusion of rice husk ash in sellable compositions comprising C D may improve the mechanical properties of the CRD- containing settable compositions. By way of example, inclusion of rice husk ash may provide increased compressive strength for settable compositions comprising CKD, Another potential advantage of embodiments of the present invention is that the CKD and/o rice husk ash may be used to reduce the cost of the settable compositions. For example, use of waste CKD and/or rice husk ash to replace a higher cost component, such as Portland cement, should result in a more economical seitable composition.

[0 1 1] Embodiments of the settable compositions of the present invention may comprise CKD, rice husk ash, and water. Other optional additives may also be included in embodiments of the settable compositions as desired, including, but not limited to, unexpanded periite, pumkite, fly ash, slag cement, metakaolin, shale, zeolite, combinations thereof, and the like. Embodiments of the settable compositions may also be foamed and/or extended as desired by those of ordinary skill in the art. The settable compositions of the present invention should have a density suitable for a particular application as desired by those of ordinary ski!! in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the settable compositions may have a density in the range of from about 8 pounds per gallon pg") to about 16 ppg. In other embodiments, the settable compositions may be foamed to a densit in the range of from about 8 ppg to about 13 ppg,

[0 12] Embodiments of the settable compositions generally may comprise CKD. As used herein, the term "CKD" refers to a partially calcined kiln feed which is removed from the gas stream and collected, for example, in a dust collector during the manufacture of cement. Usually, large quantities of CKD are collected in the production of cement that re commonly disposed of as waste. Disposal of the waste C .D can add undesirable costs to the manufacture of the cement, as well as the environmental concerns associated with its disposal. The chemical analysis of CKD from various cement manufactures varies depending on a number of factors, including the particular kiln feed, the efficiencies of the cement production operation, and the associated dust collection systems. CKD generally may comprise a variety of oxides, such as SK¾, Aivi¾, Fe₂C¾, CaO, gO, S0₃, a₂0, and Κ,ϋ. [00ί3] The C D generally may exhibit eemenlitious properties, in that it may set and harden in the presence of water. In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the CKD ma be used, among other things, to replace higher cost cemeiitiiious components, such as Portland cement, resulting in more economical settable compositions, in addition, substitution of the CKD for the Portland cement can result in a settable compositio with a reduced carbon footprint.

[0014] The CKD may be included in the settable compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the desired compressive strength, density cost reduction, and/or reduced carbon footprint. In some embodiments, the CKD may be present in the settable compositions of the present i vention in an. amount in the range of from about 0.1 % to about 99% by weight of cementitioiis components. Cementitious components include those components or combinations of components of the settable compositions thai hydrau!ically set, or otherwise harden, to develop compressive strength, including, for example, CKD, rice husk ash, unexpended perlite, fly ash, purnicite, slag, lime, shale, and the like. The CKD may be present, in certain, embodiments, in an amount ranging between any of and/or includin any of about 0.1%, about i %, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, or about 99%. in. one embodiment, the CKD may be present in the settable composition in an amount, in the range of from about 5% to about 95% by weight of cementitioiis components, in another embodiment, the CKD may be present in an amount in the range of from about 50 to about 95% by weight of eemeniitious components., in yet another embodiment, the CKD may be present in an amount in the range of from about 50% to about 80% by weight of eemeniitious components. One of ordinary skill in the art, wit the benefit of this disclosure,. will recognize the appropriate amount of CKD to include for a chosen application.

[0015] Embodiments of the settable compositions generally may comprise rice husk ash. As used herein, the term "rice husk" refers to the hard protective coverings of grains of rice that are separated from the rice during production. Rice husks are also commonly referred to as rice hulls or rice shells. Large quantitie of rice husks are typically generated during the production of ri ce that are usually disposed of as waste. However, disposal of the rice husks in landfills can be problematic as space in landfills may be limited. The rice husks typically contains a substantially amount of silica and when burned ield an ash. referred to herein as "rice husk ash," which is rich In amorphous silica. In some embodiment, the ash obtained from combustion of the rice husks may be further processed by dry grinding the ash to a powder form. [0016] Addition of the rice husk, ash to sellable compositions comprising C D has been shown to provide increases in compressive strength. In accordance with present embodiments, the rice husk ash may be included in CKD-containing settable compositions to increase the compressive strength thereof. By way of example, inclusion of the rice husk ash in a settable compositions comprising CKD may increase the compressive strength in an amount greater than or equal to about 10% in one embodiment, greater than or equal to about 25% in another embodiment, greater than or equal to about 50% in another embodiment, and greater than or equal to about 75% in yet another embodiment, as compared to the same settable composition that does not contain the .latex strength enhancer. As used herein, "compressive strength" is measured at a specified time after the composition has been mixed and the composition is maintained under specified temperature and pressure conditions. For example, compressi ve strength can be measured at a time in the range of about 24 to about 48 hours after the composition is mixed and the composition is maintained at a temperature of 160°P and atmospheric pressure. Compressive strength can be measured by either a destructive method or non-destructive method. The destructive method physically, tests the strength of settable composition samples at various points in time by crushing the samples in a compression-testing machine. The compressive strength is calculated from the failure load divided by the cross-sectional area resisting the load and is reported in units of pound-force per square inch (psi), Non-destructive methods typically may employ an Ultrasonic Cement .Analyzer ("OCA"), available from Fann Instrument Company, Houston, TX.

[0017] in some embodiments, the rice husk ash may be present in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount in the range of from about 0.1% to about 99% by weight of cementitioos components. The rice husk ash may be present, in certain embodiments, in m amount ranging between any of and/or including any of about 0.1 %, about 1%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%. about 90%, about 95%, or about 99%. In one embodiment, the rice husk ash may be present in the settable compositions in an amount in the range of from about 5% to about 95% by weight of cementitioos components, in another embodiment, the rice husk; ash ma be present i an amount in the range of from about 5% to about 50% by weight of cementitious components. In yet another embodiment, the rice husk, ash may be present in an amount in the range of from about 20% to about 50% by weight of cementitious components. One of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will recognize the appropriate amount of rice husk ash to include for a chosen application. [0018] The water that may be used in embodiments of the sellable compositions includes, tor example, freshwater, saltwater (e.g., water containing one or more salts dissolved therein), brine (e.g., saturated, saltwater produced from subterranean formations), seawater, or combinations thereof. Generally, the water may be from any source, provided that the water does not contain an excess of compounds that may undesirably affect other components in the settable composition, in some embodiments, the water may be included in an amount sufficient to form a punipable slurry. In some embodiments, the water .may be included in the settable composiiions of the present invention in an amount in the range of about 40% to about 200% by weight of cementitious components, in some embodiments, the water may be included in an amount in the range of about 40% to about 150% by weight of cementittous components. One of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will recognize the appropriate amount of water to include for a chosen, application..

0019] In some embodiments, the settable compositions may further comprise a hydraulic cement A variety of hydraulic cements may be utilized in accordance with the present invention, including, but not limited to, those comprising calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, iron, and/or sulfur, which set and harden by reaction with water. Suitable hydraulic cements Include, but are not limited to, Portland cements, pozzolana cements, gypsum cements, high alumina content cements, silica cements, and an combination thereof, in certain embodiments, the hydraulic cement may comprise a Portland cement In some embodiments, the Portland cements that are suited for use in the present invention are classified as Classes A, C, fi, and G cements according to American Petroleum Institute, .^/¹ Specification for Materials a/id Testing for Weil Cements, API Specification 10, Fifth Ed., July 1, 1990. In addition., in some embodiments, cements suitable for use in the present invention may include cements classified as ASTM Type 1, 11, or lit.

[0020] It should be understood that use of hydraulic cement in embodiments of the settable compositions hi addition to the CKD and/or rice husk ash can be reduced or even eliminated to provide, for example, the desired cost savings and/or reduced carbon footprint. Accordingly, embodiments of the settable compositions of the present invention may comprise hydraulic cement in an amount of 0% to about 75%. For example, the hydraulic cement may be present, in certain embodiments, in an amount ranging between any of and/or including any of about 1%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 24%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, or about 75%. in an embodiment, the hydraulic cement may be present in an amount in the range of from about 0% to about 20%. .In another embodiment, the hydraulic cement may be present in an amount in the range of from about 0% to about 10%. to yet another embodiment, the sellable compositions may be essentially free of hydraulic cement As used herein, the term "essentially free"' means that hydraulic cement is not present or. to the extent, that, trace amounts of hydraulic cement may be present, is present in an amount less than about 1% b weight of cementitious components. In certain embodiments, the sellable composition may contain hydraulic cement in. an amount less than about 0.1 % by weight of cementitious components and, alternatively, less than about 0.01 % b weight of cementitious components. By way of example, the sellable composition, in certain embodiments, may be free of hydraulic cement, to that the sellable composition contains no hydraulic cement,

[0021] Embodiments of the sellable compositions further may comprise a set retarding additive. As used herein, the term "set retarding additive" refers to an additive that retards the setting of the sellable compositions of the present invention. Examples of suitable set retarding additives include, but are not limited to, ammonium, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, metal salts of suifoaikyialed lign ns, organic acids (e.g., hydroxycarbox acids), copolymers that comprise acrylic acid or nialeic acid, and combinations thereof. One example of a suitable solf alkylated ligniu comprises a sulfomeihy^'la ted lignin. Suitable set retarding additives are disclosed in more detail in United States Patent No. Re. 31, 190_» the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable set retarding additives are commercially available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. under the trademarks HR* 4, S IR* 5, HR^¾ 7, HR* 12, HR*15, i ! ^'¾5, HR*^'601, SCR.'^* 100, and SCR™ 500 retarders. Generally, where used, the set retarding additive may be included in the sellable compositions of the present invention in an. amount sufficient to provide the desired set retardation, in some embodiments, the set retarding additive may be present in the sellable compositions of the present invention an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of cementitious components. One of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will recognize the appropriate amount of the set retarding additive to include for a chosen application.

[0022] Optionally, other additional additives may be added to the sellable compositions of the present invention as deemed appropriate by one skilled in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure. Examples of such additives include, but are not limited to, strength-retrogression additives, set accelerators, weighting agents, lightweight additives, gas-generating additives, mechanical property enhancing additives, lost-circulation materials, filtration-control additives, dispersants, f d- loss-control additives, defbaming agents, foaming agents, oi!-swe!lable particles, water-swei Sable particles, thixotropic additives, and combinations thereof. Specific examples of these, and other, additives include unexpended perlite, punu te, fly ash, slag cement, ^'metakaolin, shale, zeolite, crystalline silica, amorphous silica, fumed silica, salts, fibers, hydraiabie clays, microspheres, elastomers, elastomeric particles, resins, latex, combinations {hereof, and the like. A person having ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will readily be able to determine the type and amount of additive useful for a particular application and desired result

[0023] In some embodiments, the CKD and the rice husk ash may be combined to form a cementitious component In addition to the CKD and rice husk ash, additional components may also be included in the cementitious component as filler or for other purposes as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure. For example, other components that may set and harden in the presence of water can also be included in the cementitious component, in some embodiments, the cementitious component further may comprise unexpanded perlite, pumicite, fly ash, slag cement metakaolin, shale, zeolite, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the cementitious component may be placed in a bag or other suitable container for storage and/or delivery to a well site, in an embodiment, the cementitious component may then be combined with water to create a settable composition.

[0024] in some embodiments, the components of the settable compositions may be combined in any order as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill i the art. in one embodiment the CKD and rice husk ash may be combined with water to create a settable composition. As will be appreciated, one or more additional components as described above, for example, may also be included in the settable composition. The components of the settable composition may be combined using any mixing device compatible with the composition as known to one of ordinary skill in the art, for example a bulk mixer.

[0025] As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art. embodiments of the settable compositions may be used in a variety of subterranean applications, including primary and remedial cementing. Embodiments of the settable compositions may be introduced into a subterranean formation and allowed to set therein. For example, the settable composition may be placed into a space between a subterranean formation and a conduit located in the subterranean formation. As used herein, introducing the settable composition into a subterranean formation includes introduction into an portion of the subterranean formation, including, without limitation, into a well bore drilled into the subterranean formation, into a near well bore region, surrounding the well bore, or into both.

[0026] in primary cementing embodiments, for example, a settable composition may be introduced into a space outside a conduit (e.g., pipe strings, liners) located in the subterranean formation. The conduit may be located in a well bore drilled into the subterranean formation,. The settable composition may be allowed to set to form an annular sheath of hardened cement in. the space outside conduit. Among other things, the set settable composition may form a barrier, preventing the migration of fluids in the well bore. The set settable composition also .may, for example, support the conduit in the well bore.

[0027] In remedial cementing embodiments, a settable composition may be used, for example, in squeeze-cementing operations or in the placement of cement plugs. By way of example, the settable composition may be placed in a well bore to plug a void or crack in the formation, in a gravel pack, in the conduit, in the cement sheath, and/or a microannulus between the cement sheath and the conduit

[0028] To facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, the following example of certain aspects of some embodiments is given. In no way should the following example be read to limit, or define, the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLE

[0029] A series of .sample settable compositions were prepared and tested to analyse the force resistance properties of settable compositions that comprise CKD and rice husk; ash. The sample compositions were allowed to cure in a water bath at I 6(f^'f for 24 hours at ambient pressure. Immediately after removal, from, the water bath, crush strengths (destructive compressive strengths) were determined using a Tinius Olsen tester. The results of the crush strength tests are set forth in the table below.

[0030] Ten different tests wer conducted, designated Test Nos. 1 - 10, using the indicated amounts of water, CKD, rice husk, ash, hydraied lime, and cement dispersant. The amounts of these components are indicated in the table be!ow with percent by weight ("% by wt") indicating the percent of the component by weight of the cement and rice husk ash. The amount of rice husk ash was varied in an amount ranging from 0% to 50% by weight. Tests 1 and 5 were comparative tests that did not include any rice husk ash. The dispersant used, was CFR-3™ cement friction reducer, from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Duncan, Oklahoma. The CKD used was supplied by Boieem (US) Inc., from Ada, Oklahoma. The rice husk ash used was supplied by Rice!and Foods, inc., Stuttgart,, Arkansas, and had particles ranging from, about 1 micron to about 10 microns.

TABLE I

Crush Strength Tests

24-Hr

Rice Husk Hydrate Crush

Test Water CKD Ash Lime (% Dispersant Strength No. (% by wt) (% by wt) (% by wt) by wt) (% by wt) (psi)

1 48.75 100 _, 0.75 1437

[0031] This example thus indicates that inclusion of the rice husk ash provides strength enhancement to C D-coniaining compositions, indeed, increases in compressive strength of 50% or more were obtained for Tests No. 6-1.0 having a density of 1.2.5 ppg and containing rice husk ash in an amount ranging from 20% to 50% by weight, as compared lo Test No, 5 that did not contain any rice husk ash.

[0032] it should be understood that the compositions and methods arc described in terms of "comprising," "containing " or "including" various components or steps, the composition^'s and methods can also "consist essentially of or "consist of the various components and steps,

[0033] For the sake of brevity, only certain ranges are explicitly disclosed herein. However, ranges from any lower limit may be combined with any upper limit to recite a range not explicitly recited, as well as, ranges from any lower limit may be combined with any other lower limit to recite a range not explicitly recited, in the same way, ranges from any upper limit may be combined with any other upper limit to recite a range not explicitly recited. Additionally, whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range felling within the range is specifically disclosed. In particular, every range of values (of the form, "from about a. to about b," or, equivalently, "from approximately a to h," or, equiva!ently, "from approximately a-b") disclosed herein is to be understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within the broader range of values even if not explicitly recite. Thus,, every point or individual value may serve as its own lower or upper limit combined with any other point or individual value or any other lower or upper limit, to recite a range not explicitly recited,

[0034] Therefore, the present invention is well adapted to attain the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those that are inherent therein. The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the present invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners .apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Althoush individual embodiments are discussed, the invention covers all combinations of all those embodiments. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, oilier than as described in the claims below. Also, the terms in the claims have their plain, ordinary meaning unless otherwise explicitly and clearly defined by the patentee. It is therefore evident that the particular illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method of cementing comprising;

placing a sellable composition into a subterranean formation, the sellable composition, comprising cement kiln dost, rice husk ash, and water; and

allowing the sellable composition to set,

2. The method of claim ί whereiti the settabie composition has a density in a range of from about 8 pounds per gallon to about 16 pounds per gallon,

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the cement kiln dust is present in an amount in a range of from about 0.1 % to about 99% by weight of cementitious components, and wherein the rice husk ash is present in an amount in a range of from about 0.1% to about 99% by weight of cementitious components.

4. The method of claim i wherein the cement kiln dust is present in an amount in. a range of from about 50% to about 95% by weight of cementitious components,

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the rice husk ash is present in an amount in a range of from about 5% to about 50% by weight of cementitious components.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the rice husk ash is included in the settabie composition in an amount sufficient to increase the 24-hour destructive compressive strength of the settabie composition at 1 0°F and atmospheric pressure in an amount equal to or greater than about 10%.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the rice husk ash is included in the settabie composition in an amount sufficient t increase the 24-hour destructive compressive strength of the settabie composition at I 60°F and atmospheric pressure in an amount equal to or greater than about 75%.

8. The method of claim i wherein the water is present in an amount in a range of from about 40% to about 200% by weight of cementitious components,

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the settabie composition is essentially free hydraulic cement in addition to the cement kiln dust,

1 . The method of claim 1 wherein the settabie composition further comprises a set. retarding additive,

1 1. The method of claim I wherein the settabie composition further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of unexpanded per!ite, pumicite, lime, fly ash, slag cement, metakaolin, shale, zeolite, crystalline silica, amorphous silica, fumed silica, salt, fiber, hydraiahle clay, microsphere, elastomer, elastomeric particle, resin, latex, and any combination thereof.

1 . The method of claim 1 wherein the settable composition further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a strength-retrogression additive, a set accelerator, a weighting agent, a lightweight additive, a gas-generating additive, a mechanical property enhancing additive, a lost-circidation material, a filtration-control additive, a dispersant, a fluid-loss-control additive, a defoaming agent, a foaming agent, an oil-sweilabSe particle, a water-swel!ahle particle, a thixoiropic additive, and any combination thereof.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the settable composition is allowed to set in an annulus outsid a conduit disposed in the subterranean formation,

14. The method of claim ! wherei the settable composition is used in primary cementing.

15. The method of claim I wherein the settable composition is used in remedial cementing.

16. A method of cementing comprising;

placing a settable composition into a subterranean formation, the settable composition comprising cement kiln dust, rice husk ash, Portland cement, and water; and allowing the settable composition to set.

17. The cementitious component of claim 16 wherein the cement kiln dust is present in an amount in a range of from about 0.1 % to about 99% by weight of cementittous components, and wherein the rice- husk ash is present in an amount in a range of from about 0.1 % to about 99% by weight o cementitious components.

18. The cementittous component of claim 16 wherein the cement kiln dust is present in an amount in a range of front about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of cementitious components, wherein the rice husk ash is present, in an amount in a range of from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of cementitious. components, and wherein the Portland cement is present in an amount in a range of from about 50% to about 99% by weight, ofcementitious components.

19. The method of claim 16 wherein the settable composition further comprises at least one additive selected ^'-from the group consisting of unexpanded per!ite, pumicite, lime, fly ash, slag cement, metakaoiin. shale, zeolite, crystalline silica, amorphous silica, ^•fumed silica, salt, fiber, hydraiable clay, microsphere, elastomer, elastomerie particle, resin, latex, and any combination thereof.

20. The method of claim 1.6 wherein the settable composi tion further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a strength-retrogression additive, a set accelerator, a weighting agent, a lightweight additive, a gas-generating additive, a mechanical property enhancing additive, a lost-circulation material, a filtration-control additive, a dispersant, a I d-Joss-controJ additive, a defpaming agent, a foaming agent, an oil-swellab!e particle, a aier-swe!lab!e particle, a thixotropic additive, and any combination thereof.

21. A method of cementing comprising;

placing a settable composition into a subterranean formation, the settable composition comprising:

cement kiln dust,

rice husk ash, and

water.

wherein the cement kiln dust is present in an amount in a range of from about 50% to about 80% by weight of the cement kiln dost and the rice husk ash,

wherein the rice husk ash is present in an amount in a range of from about 20% to about 50% by weight of the cement kiln dust and the rice husk, ash,

wherein the water is present in an amount in a range of from about

40% to about 200% by weight of the cement kiln dust and the rice husk ash,

wherein the settable composition is essentially free of Portland cement; and

allowing the settable composition to set.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein the settable composition has a density in a range of from about 8 pounds per gallon to about 1.6 pounds per gallon.

23. The method of claim 21 wherein inclusion of the rice husk ash. in the settable composition increases the 24-hour destructive compressive strength of the settable composition at 160°F and atmospheric pressure in an amount equal to or greater than about 10%.

24. The method of claim 21 wherein inclusion of the rice husk ash in the settable composition increases the 24-hour destructive compressive strength of the settable composition at ? 60°F ad atmospheric pressure in an amount equal to or greater than about 75%.

25, The method of claim 2.1 wherein the settable composition further comprises a set retarding additive.

26. The method of claim 21 wherein the settable composition farther comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of unexpended pcrS.ite, pumiciie, lime, fly ash, slag cement, metakaotm, shale, zeolite, crystalline silica, amorphous silica. filmed silica, salt, fiber, hydratable clay, microsphere, elastomer, elastomeric particle, resin, latex, and any combination thereof.

27. The method of claim 21 wherein the sellable composition further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a strength-retrogression additi e, a set accelerator, a weighting agent, a lightweight additive, a gas-generating additive, a mechanical property enhancing additive, a lost-circulation material a filtration-control additive, a dispersant, a fluid-ioss-control additive, a defoammg agent, a foaming agent, art oil-swell able particle, a water-swellable particle, a ihsxotropic additive, and any combination thereof.

28. The method of claim 2. wherein the .settable composition is allowed to set in an annulus outside a conduit disposed in the subterranean formation,

29, The method of claim 21 wherein the settable composition is used in primary cementing.

30, The method of claim 21 wherein the settable composition is used in remedial cementing,

1. A settable composition comprising:

cement kiln dust;

rice husk ash: and

water.

32. The settable composition of claim 31 wherein the cement kiln dust Is present in an amount in a range of .from about 0.1% to about 99% by weight of cemeniitious components, and wherein the rice husk ash is present, i -an amount in a range of from about 0.1% to about 99% by weight of cementitious components.