Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B21/047—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
  • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
  • B32B2262/108—Rockwool fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
  • B32B2307/304—Insulating
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
  • E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
  • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
  • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
  • Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
  • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) notably for reduction of algae and mould formation on a facade surface, and to methods for thermally insulating a facade of a building.
• Insulation materials are typically used in thermal and acoustic insulation in buildings; known insulation materials include those disclosed in documents EP2277692A2, NL1010514C2 and EP2277692A3.
• insulating materials used on exterior walls of buildings have a typical thickness in the range of 12 to 16 cm.
• insulation materials having a thickness of more than 20 cm are currently employed.
• the technical problem underlying the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems by providing an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) which is capable of reducing algae and mould formation on a facade surface in an ecologically acceptable manner, and by providing methods for thermally insulating a facade of a building.
• ETICS external thermal insulation composite system
• an external thermal insulation composite system notably for reduction of algae and/or mould formation on a facade surface
• the external thermal insulation composite system comprising an insulant layer and at least one wood wool board, wherein the at least one wood wool board has a thickness of at least 15 mm.
• algae and “mould” used according to the present invention are not specifically restricted. They include any unicellular or multicellular plants or fungi capable of growing on facades of buildings, thereby often spoiling the optical appearance of the facades.
• cascade used according to the present invention is not specifically restricted, and includes, for example, the outer face of a building, e.g. a house, commercial building, office etc. However, according to the present invention, any surface of a building which is in contact with weather conditions, notably which is directly exposed to external weather conditions, is included in the term "facade".
• the insulant layer according to the present invention is not specifically restricted, and any insulant layer previously known in the art may be employed in the present invention.
• the insulant layer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of mineral wool and rigid foam.
• mineral wool includes any fiber wool which is made from natural or synthetic minerals or metal oxides.
• the mineral wool comprises slag wool fibers, rock wool fibers, glass wool fibers, ceramic fibers or combinations thereof.
• the average fiber diameter of said mineral wool is not specifically restricted.
• the average fiber diameter of said mineral wool may be, for example, in the range of 3 to 8 ⁇ , 3.5 to 7.5 ⁇ , 4 to 7 ⁇ or 4.5 to 7 ⁇ .
• the rigid foam comprises a polyvinyl chloride rigid foam, an expanded polystyrene (EPS) rigid foam, an extruded polystyrene (XPS) rigid foam, a polyisocyanurate (PIR) rigid foam, a polyurethane (PUR) rigid foam, a phenolic rigid foam, or combinations thereof.
• the thickness of the insulant layer according to the present invention is not particularly limited. According to a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the insulant layer is at least 10 cm in order to secure proper insulation. Further examples include thicknesses of at least 12 cm, at least 15 cm, at least 16 cm and at least 18 cm. Preferably, the insulant layer has a thickness of not more than 50 cm.
• the wood wool board used in the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as the wood wool board has a thickness of at least 15 mm, in order to achieve a desired thermal energy-storing effect.
• the ETICS system according to the present invention comprises at least one wood wool board having the above thickness. If the ETICS system according to the present invention comprises more than one wood wool board, only the one wood wool board which faces outside the building when the ETICS system is applied on the facade of a building is required to have the above-mentioned thickness of 15 mm. An additional wood wool board on the other surface of the insulant layer facing inside the building may also have a thickness of less than 15 mm.
• the thickness of the wood wool board of the present invention is at least 15 mm to achieve the above-described advantageous thermal energy-storing effect.
• Examples of thickness of the wood wool board of the present invention include ranges of 15 to 100 mm, 15 to 80 mm, 15 to 60 mm, 15 to 50 mm, 15 to 40 mm, 15 to 35 mm and 15 to 30 mm.
• Other examples of thickness ranges of the wood wool board of the present invention include ranges of 20 to 50 mm, 25 to 50 mm, 30 to 50 mm and 35 to 50 mm.
• the thickness of the wood wool board of the present invention is in the range of 25 to 35 mm, since in such a board an appropriate amount of thermal energy is stored to reduce algae and mould formation, while at the same time the wood wool board can still be easily handled and readily used at the construction site.
• Typical wood wool boards usable in the present invention which have for example been commercialized under the trade names Heraklith ® and Tektalan ® , usually consist of wood wool shavings bonded together with a binding agent, notably an inorganic binding agent, for example a magnesite binding agent.
• the term wood wool shavings as used herein includes wood wool and/or wood shavings and/or wood fibers.
• the proportion of binding agent with respect to the entire wood wool board is usually between 10 and 70 % by weight, preferably 15 to 65 % by weight, more preferably 20 to 60 % by weight, more preferably 25 to 55 % by weight, more preferably 30 to 55 % by weight, and most preferably 35 to 50 % by weight.
• the wood wool board of the present invention stores thermal energy during daytime (e.g. solar radiation). Accordingly, the stored thermal energy reduces cooling of the plaster during the night and/or at low temperatures. Thereby, the formation of condensation moisture caused by ambient temperatures below the dew point is remarkably reduced. At the same time drying of the facade after rainfall is also improved, i.e. the drying time of the facade is shortened. As a consequence of these advantageous effects, the formation of algae and mould is significantly reduced or avoided.
• the above-described thermal energy-storing effect can further be improved when the plaster is painted in dark colours for better absorption of radiation energy.
• the wood wool board has a specific thermal capacity of at least 1400 J/kg-K, preferably at least 1700 J/kg-K, more preferably at least 2100 J/kg-K.
• Such specific thermal capacities may be used to provide advantageous levels of storage of thermal energy to reduce algae and mould formation, notably in combination with convenient thicknesses of wood wool boards.
• the wood wool board of the present invention has a density in the range of 100 to 900 kg/m 3 , more preferably 200 to 800 kg/m 3 , more preferably 250 to 700 kg/m 3 , more preferably 300 to 600 kg/m 3 and most preferably 350 to 500 kg/m 3 .
• the thermal insulation composite system is a multilayer slab comprising a rigid foam layer and at least one wood wool board arranged on at least one of the main surfaces of the rigid foam layer.
• the thermal insulation composite system is a multilayer slab comprising a mineral wool layer and at least one wood wool board arranged on at least one of the main surfaces of a mineral wool layer. If the ETICS of the present invention comprises two wood wool boards on both main surfaces of an insulant layer (e.g. rigid foam layer or mineral wool layer), it is advantageously possible to thermally insulate a building (prevent unwanted heat loss or gain), while at the same time storing thermal energy on the exterior wall, thereby reducing algae and mould formation.
• an insulant layer e.g. rigid foam layer or mineral wool layer
• the type of connection of the wood wool board and the insulant layer forming the ETICS according to the present invention is not particularly limited.
• the wood wool board is adhered to a pre-assembled insulant layer by using an adhesive.
• Typical adhesives include various mineral glues, such as mineral mortars and cements.
• anchors such as screw anchors, may be used, notably in addition to an adhesive.
• Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for thermally insulating a facade of a building, the method comprising the steps of applying an insulant layer on a building surface; and applying a wood wool board having a thickness of at least 15 mm on the insulant layer.
• the term "building surface" is not specifically limited and includes surfaces, for example facades and exterior walls of a building, which are to be thermally and/or acoustically insulated and on top of which the ETICS of the present invention may be applied.
• the building surface may already comprise one or more functional layers applied thereon, for example moisture barriers, sound insulation materials and the like.
• the insulant layer and the wood wool board of the methods according the present invention are the same as described above.
• the thickness of the wood wool board is at least 15 mm, preferably at least 25 mm, at least 35 mm or at least 50 mm.
• the mode of applying the insulant layer on the facade of a building, and the mode of applying the wood wool board on the insulant layer are not particularly limited.
• the wood wool board is adhered to the insulant layer by using an adhesive, for example a mineral glue, including mineral mortars and cements.
• an adhesive for example a mineral glue, including mineral mortars and cements.
• anchors such as screw anchors, may be used in addition to an adhesive.
• a further aspect of the present invention relates to another method for thermally insulating a facade of a building, the method comprising the steps of applying the external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) according to the present invention on a building surface, arranged in the order building surface/insulant layer/wood wool board, or in the order building surface/wood wool board/insulant layer/wood wool board.
• the mode for applying the ETICS on the building surface is not particularly limited.
• various glues including mineral glues and/or various fixation systems including anchors, e.g. screw anchors, etc. can be used as such or in combination.
• the methods as defined above may further comprise a step of plastering the exterior surface of the wood wool board.
• the plaster is subsequently painted in dark colours to further improve the thermal energy-storing effect of the present invention, which results in a further reduction of algae and mould formation.
• Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a wood wool board having a thickness of at least 15 mm as the outermost layer of an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS).
• ETICS external thermal insulation composite system
• the wood wool board and the ETICS are the same as defined above.
• the term "outermost layer” used according to the present invention means the respective surface of an external thermal insulation composite system which faces outside the building, and on which plaster is optionally applied.
• the external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) of the present invention is advantageously effective in the reduction of algae and mould formation on a facade surface. Due to the specific thickness of the wood wool board comprised in the ETICS of the present invention and its specific high thermal capacity, the ETICS of the present invention efficiently stores thermal energy during daytime, and thus advantageously reduces cooling of the plaster of a building etc. during the night/at low temperatures. Accordingly, moisture generation caused by low ambient temperatures falling below the dew point is advantageously reduced.
• the drying time of the facade after rainfall is shortened which leads to a desirable reduction of algae and mould formation.
• typical wood wool boards such as particularly Heraklith ® and Tektalan ® boards, usable in the ETICS of the present invention are also available as non-combustible building materials which meet the requirements of class A2 building materials, the ETICS of the present invention are advantageously not limited with regard to the height of the construction.
• the surface of the ETICS of the present invention i.e. the surface of the wood wool board comprised in the ETICS
• the plaster shows an increased impact resistance which is based on the excellent adherence of the plaster to the wood wool board.
• such an ETICS further provides improved acoustic insulation.

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Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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• 2013
  • 2013-05-03 WO PCT/EP2013/059208 patent/WO2013164432A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2013-05-03 DE DE212013000014.6U patent/DE212013000014U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2013-05-03 EP EP13720927.6A patent/EP2844807A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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