EP2839894B1 - Machine and method for the treatment of cast components - Google Patents

Machine and method for the treatment of cast components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2839894B1
EP2839894B1 EP14177059.4A EP14177059A EP2839894B1 EP 2839894 B1 EP2839894 B1 EP 2839894B1 EP 14177059 A EP14177059 A EP 14177059A EP 2839894 B1 EP2839894 B1 EP 2839894B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cast component
truing
cast
machine
component
Prior art date
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Application number
EP14177059.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2839894A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Herrmann
Martin Kern
Jürgen Lange
Thomas Lanzl
Helmut Meindl
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Magna BDW Technologies GmbH
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Magna BDW Technologies GmbH
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Publication of EP2839894A1 publication Critical patent/EP2839894A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/10—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
    • B21D7/165—Cooling equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
    • B22D29/04—Handling or stripping castings or ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D30/00—Cooling castings, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
    • B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine for cooling and straightening casting components made of cast material consisting of a structure for holding cast components and a holder for a supply of cooling liquids, (see, eg WO2008 / 081745 ).
  • the invention is further based on a method for treating a cast component after removal from the casting mold, wherein the cast component is immediately acted upon in a partial shower with a cooling liquid.
  • Aluminum die-cast components are increasingly used in automotive engineering. Demands are made for increasingly accurate and also large-scale die-cast components.
  • the die-cast components are subjected to various treatment techniques in the art, with one step being to direct the cast components to the specified dimensions.
  • the straightening of the cast components takes place in embossing tools, which are present in one piece or in segments. From the DE102004043401A1 is known a straightening process that works with segmented embossing tools. A variety of components is still directed by hand.
  • the straightening of the cast components is a time-consuming step that you would like to avoid in an industrial production as possible.
  • the aim is to obtain high-precision cast components from a die-casting process, which comply with the specifications without further effort, with or without a further heat treatment step.
  • This object is achieved with the machine according to the invention according to claim 1 and the method according to the invention according to claim 5 for the treatment of a cast component after removal from the mold, wherein the cast component is immediately applied in a partial shower with a cooling liquid.
  • the object is primarily achieved with a machine for cooling and directing cast components made of cast material consisting of a structure for holding cast components and a holder for a supply of cooling liquids, the machine having means for holding the cast component and Richtdruckzylinder installed with straightening are who press the cast component against pads.
  • the advantage of such a machine is that two operations such as cooling and straightening of cast components can be accomplished in one process step and one plant. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the straightening takes place in the hot state of the cast component.
  • the machine includes a removable Auflagerhalterung so that a simple measurement of the conditions and readjustment of the pads by removing the receiving bearing holder is possible.
  • the machine is constructed so that all the supports are mounted on one side of the cast component and all fixing and straightening punches on the other side. As a result, all printing cylinders are also mounted on one side and the entire structure of the machine is easier.
  • the method according to the invention for the treatment of a cast component after removal from the casting mold comprises the step of subjecting the cast component to a straightening process while still hot, before the cooling liquid is applied to the cast component.
  • the cast component is directed to the final dimensions.
  • the cast component is bent over the final dimensions, since further distortion is given by further heat treatment steps and the straightening process already provides a preventive overbending of the cast component
  • At least one pointing tip is used.
  • This at least one straightening tip advantageously bends the cast component against at least one straightening support, wherein the straightening support can be adjustable.
  • the cast component is held by punch and support until it has cooled by the application of the cooling liquid.
  • casting 1 the cast component is produced by die casting or other casting.
  • die casting the dies of the dies are first positioned by hydraulic cylinders and the die is closed by the casting machine.
  • the filling chamber The die casting plant is charged for each shot by pressurizing the liquid metal surface of the metering furnace, by means of compressed air with the required amount of metal.
  • the liquid metal is now pressed in the 'shot':
  • the piston rod of the firing cylinder of the casting machine applies pressure to the so-called pouring tablet.
  • This filling chamber for the liquid metal is connected to the mold cavities via the pouring channels and is thus kept under pressure with the liquid alloy.
  • the liquid metal passes under defined pressure and temperature conditions in the mold cavity formed with slides and cores.
  • the blank is produced for the actual die-cast article.
  • the shot cools when the mold is closed.
  • the mold opens and a robot takes the shot.
  • the cast component 10 is subjected to cooling in step 2, the cooling of the cast component in the partial shower.
  • the cast component 10 is sprayed with water or another liquid with high heat capacity in a certain period of time. Alternatively, the cast component can also be dipped. As a result, the cast component is cooled rapidly from the removal temperature from the casting tool to a temperature, in that the cast component can be supplied to further process steps.
  • a robot removes the cast component from the casting mold by engaging the cast component of the cast component and removing the cast component from the mold together with the casting tablet and integrally molded casting runs.
  • the G screenstablette with all molded components including the cast component itself is placed in a station for the partial shower.
  • the cast component is arrested over the pouring tablet in the station and sprayed there with water.
  • the robot removes the casting tablet and cast component from the station and deposits them in a station 3 for punching the cast component.
  • the pouring tablet and pouring runs are cut off. Alternatively, the methods sawing, laser and plasma cutting can be used.
  • step 4 the heat treatment of the cast component takes place.
  • the heat treatment is not a step that must necessarily take place, but is optional.
  • the heat treatment can be a heat treatment after T5, that is to say a hot aging, or a solution heat treatment.
  • T5 a heat treatment after T5
  • solution heat treatment a standard heat treatment process for aluminum die castings, a temperature between 460 ° C and 500 ° C is set.
  • step 5 the straightening of the cast component takes place to the desired final dimensions, wherein the cast component is completely cooled in this process step.
  • the machining 6 of the cast component would be realized.
  • the invention in the process of the FIG. 1b shown.
  • the main difference is that it can do without an additional process step, the straightening 5 when cold or can be reduced to a minimum for complex components.
  • the method according to the invention uses a combined method step, which takes place in the cooling phase 2 of the partial shower and comprises hot-leveling.
  • the cast component is removed from the casting tool with a robot and held on the casting tablet introduced into the station part shower.
  • the cast component is pressed in the partial shower against a support and held by the side facing away from the support with fixing punch.
  • the mounting punches are pneumatically or hydraulically extended by means of mounting punch pressure cylinders.
  • At least two fixing punches are used.
  • the mounting stamps sit flush on the cast component from both sides.
  • straightening punches are extended via straightening cylinder. They meet on the cast component, which does not sit flush on a straightening pad at this point. About the pressure of the straightening die deforms the cast component until it rests on the straightening pad.
  • the cast component is directed with respect to its dimensions.
  • the straightening process either takes place until the target dimensions are reached, or the cast component is pre-formed beyond the target size, since the subsequent heat treatment partially reverses the deformation and thus finally achieves the correct dimensions of the cast component.
  • the entire sub-shower 11 is constructed of rails 17 and welded.
  • FIG. 2 can be seen in the upper part of the station part shower the G mantablette 15, and the casting runs 16.
  • the reference numeral 10 the cast cast component is marked.
  • the pressure cylinder on the one hand serve the attachment, on the other hand, the straightening.
  • the cast component 10 would only be retained on the pouring tablet via the uppermost pressure cylinder 13. Subsequently, the cooling is carried out with water or another liquid.
  • the cast component is held over a plurality of pressure cylinders 13.
  • the mounting punches which are extended by the printing cylinders 13, fix and clamp the cast component between itself and the mounting pad 12.
  • About straightening cylinder 24 straightening dies 23 are extended, which bend the cast component. In this case, deflection deflections of several millimeters are possible until the cast component reaches the directional supports 14.
  • the representation in FIG. 2 shows this attachment punch 22 and directional stamp 23, wherein the connection to the individual printing cylinders is not shown.
  • the fastening punch 22 and the straightening ram 23 are seated on the cast component 10.
  • the mounting pad 12 is already in the introduction of the cast component in the part shower with the back of the cast component in connection.
  • the directional support 14, however, is provided at the beginning of the cast component at a distance. Only after the directional pressure cylinder 24 presses the directional tip 22 on the cast component, the distance to the directional pad 14 is reduced to zero.
  • the cast component is straightened or bent over. After all straightening cylinders have reached their desired value, the water is released via the water supply 21 and the cast component within the partial shower cooled to the final temperature.
  • the rails 17 form a support bracket 19 in the region of the support.
  • the support bracket 19 is connected by screws 20 with the rest of the structure and can be solved by him.
  • the support bracket with all mounting pads 12 and straightening pads 14 can be removed from the machine and measured on a measuring machine and adjusted.
  • the pads are optimized with tuning discs.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the machine for cooling and straightening cast components is advantageously designed so that all printing cylinders are mounted on one side of the processing station. As a result, the space required by the size of the impression cylinder can be optimized.
  • the cooling process can be started parallel to the straightening process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Maschine zum Abkühlen und Richten von Gussbauteilen aus Gussmaterial bestehend aus einem Aufbau für das Halten von Gussbauteilen und einer Halterung für eine Zufuhr von abkühlenden Flüssigkeiten, (siehe z.B. WO2008/081745 ).The invention relates to a machine for cooling and straightening casting components made of cast material consisting of a structure for holding cast components and a holder for a supply of cooling liquids, (see, eg WO2008 / 081745 ).

Die Erfindung geht weiterhin aus von einem Verfahren zur Behandlung eines Gussbauteils nach der Entnahme aus der Gussform, wobei das Gussbauteil sofort in einer Teiledusche mit einer abkühlenden Flüssigkeit beaufschlagt wird.The invention is further based on a method for treating a cast component after removal from the casting mold, wherein the cast component is immediately acted upon in a partial shower with a cooling liquid.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aluminium Druckgussbauteile werden im Automobilbau zunehmend eingesetzt. Dabei werden Forderungen nach immer genauer hergestellten und auch großflächigen Druckgussbauteilen gestellt. Die im Druckguss hergestellten Gussbauteile werden im Stand der Technik unterschiedlichen Behandlung-Verfahren ausgesetzt, wobei ein Verfahrensschritt das Richten der Gussbauteile auf die spezifizierten Maße ist. Das Richten der Gussbauteile erfolgt dabei in Prägewerkzeugen, die einstückig oder in Segmenten vorliegen. Aus der DE I102004043401A1 ist ein Richtverfahren bekannt, das mit segmentierten Prägewerkzeugen arbeitet. Eine Vielzahl an Bauteilen wird immer noch per Hand gerichtet.
Das Richten der Gussbauteile ist ein aufwändiger Arbeitsschritt, den man in einer industriellen Fertigung möglichst vermeiden möchte. Ziel ist es aus einem Druckgussverfahren hochpräzise Gussbauteile zu bekommen, die ohne weiteren Aufwand mit oder ohne einen weiteren Wärmebehandlungsschritt den Spezifikationen entsprechen.Aluminum die-cast components are increasingly used in automotive engineering. Demands are made for increasingly accurate and also large-scale die-cast components. The die-cast components are subjected to various treatment techniques in the art, with one step being to direct the cast components to the specified dimensions. The straightening of the cast components takes place in embossing tools, which are present in one piece or in segments. From the DE102004043401A1 is known a straightening process that works with segmented embossing tools. A variety of components is still directed by hand.
The straightening of the cast components is a time-consuming step that you would like to avoid in an industrial production as possible. The aim is to obtain high-precision cast components from a die-casting process, which comply with the specifications without further effort, with or without a further heat treatment step.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst mit der erfindungsgemäßen Maschine gemäß Anspruch 1 und dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5 zur Behandlung eines Gussbauteils nach der Entnahme aus der Gussform, wobei das Gussbauteil sofort in einer Teiledusche mit einer abkühlenden Flüssigkeit beaufschlagt wird.
Die Aufgabe wird vor allem gelöst mit einer Maschine zum Abkühlen und richten von Gussbauteilen aus Gussmaterial bestehend aus einem Aufbau für das Halten von Gussbauteilen und einer Halterung für eine Zufuhr von abkühlenden Flüssigkeiten, wobei die Maschine Mittel zur Halterung des Gussbauteiles besitzt und Richtdruckzylinder mit Richtstempel eingebaut sind, die das Gussbauteil gegen Auflagen drücken. Der Vorteil einer solchen Maschine besteht darin, dass zwei Vorgänge wie das Abkühlen und das Richten von Gussbauteilen in einem Prozessschritt und einer Anlage erledigt werden können. Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, dass das Richten im heißen Zustand des Gussbauteils erfolgt.
Vorteilhafterweise enthält die Maschine eine entnehmbare Auflagerhalterung, so dass eine einfache Vermessung der Auflagen und ein Nachjustieren der Auflagen durch Entnahme der Aufnahmelagerhalterung möglich ist.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Maschine so aufgebaut, dass alle Auflagen auf einer Seite des Gussbauteiles angebracht sind und alle Befestigungs- und Richtstempel auf der anderen Seite. Dadurch sind alle Druckzylinder ebenfalls auf einer Seite angebracht und der gesamte Aufbau der Maschine ist einfacher.This object is achieved with the machine according to the invention according to claim 1 and the method according to the invention according to claim 5 for the treatment of a cast component after removal from the mold, wherein the cast component is immediately applied in a partial shower with a cooling liquid.
The object is primarily achieved with a machine for cooling and directing cast components made of cast material consisting of a structure for holding cast components and a holder for a supply of cooling liquids, the machine having means for holding the cast component and Richtdruckzylinder installed with straightening are who press the cast component against pads. The advantage of such a machine is that two operations such as cooling and straightening of cast components can be accomplished in one process step and one plant. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the straightening takes place in the hot state of the cast component.
Advantageously, the machine includes a removable Auflagerhalterung so that a simple measurement of the conditions and readjustment of the pads by removing the receiving bearing holder is possible.
Advantageously, the machine is constructed so that all the supports are mounted on one side of the cast component and all fixing and straightening punches on the other side. As a result, all printing cylinders are also mounted on one side and the entire structure of the machine is easier.

Allerdings kann es auch von Vorteil sein die Maschine so aufzubauen, dass sowohl Auflagen als auch Befestigungs-und Richtstempel jeweils auf beiden Seiten des Gussbauteils angebracht sind. Damit kann eine noch bessere Verformung des Gussbauteils erfolgen.However, it may also be advantageous to build the machine so that both pads and fixing and straightening are each mounted on both sides of the cast component. This can be done even better deformation of the cast component.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Behandlung eines Gussbauteils nach der Entnahme aus der Gussform weist dem Prozessschritt auf, dass das Gussbauteil bevor die abkühlende Flüssigkeit auf das Gussbauteil aufgebracht wird einem Richtvorgang im noch heißen Zustand unterzogen wird.The method according to the invention for the treatment of a cast component after removal from the casting mold comprises the step of subjecting the cast component to a straightening process while still hot, before the cooling liquid is applied to the cast component.

Vorteilhafterweise wird dabei das Gussbauteil auf die Endmaße gerichtet.
Es kann allerdings auch von Vorteil sein, dass das Gussbauteil über die Endmaße gebogen wird, da durch weitere Wärmebehandlungsschritte ein weiterer Verzug gegeben ist und der Richtprozess hier schon vorbeugend ein Überbiegen des Gussbauteils zur Verfügung stelltAdvantageously, the cast component is directed to the final dimensions.
However, it may also be advantageous that the cast component is bent over the final dimensions, since further distortion is given by further heat treatment steps and the straightening process already provides a preventive overbending of the cast component

Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird vorteilhafterweise mindestens eine Richtspitze eingesetzt.
Diese mindestens eine Richtspitze verbiegt das Gussbauteil vorteilhafterweise gegen mindestens eine Richtauflage, wobei die Richtauflage einstellbar sein kann.For carrying out the method, advantageously at least one pointing tip is used.
This at least one straightening tip advantageously bends the cast component against at least one straightening support, wherein the straightening support can be adjustable.

Vorteilhafterweise wird das Gussbauteil durch Stempel und Auflage gehalten, bis es durch das Aufbringen der abkühlenden Flüssigkeit abgekühlt ist.Advantageously, the cast component is held by punch and support until it has cooled by the application of the cooling liquid.

Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend beispielhaft unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung bespielhaft beschrieben.

  • Fig. 1a zeigt einen schematischen Ablauf im Stand der Technik
  • Fig. 1b zeigt den Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens
  • Fig. 2 zeigt eine Maschine für eine Teiledusche und zum Richten
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch die Maschine
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 1a shows a schematic sequence in the prior art
  • Fig. 1b shows the sequence of the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a machine for a partial shower and for straightening
  • Fig. 3 a cut through the machine

Das Verfahren im Stand der Technik wird in Figur 1a dargestellt. Im ersten Verfahrensschritt, dem Gießen 1, wird das Gussbauteil im Druckguss oder auch in einem sonstigen Gießverfahren hergestellt.
Beim Druckguss werden die Stempel der Formen zunächst durch Hydraulikzylinder positioniert und die Druckgussform durch die Gießmaschine geschlossen. Die Füllkammer der Druckgussanlage wird für jeden Schuss durch Druckbeaufschlagung der flüssigen Metalloberfläche des Dosierofens, mittels Pressluft mit der benötigten Metallmenge beschickt. Das flüssige Metall wird nun beim ,Schuss' eingepresst: Dabei bringt die Kolbenstange des Schusszylinders der Gießmaschine Druck auf die sogenannte Gießtablette auf. Diese Füllkammer für das flüssige Metall ist über die Gießkanäle mit den Formhohlräumen verbunden und wird so mit der flüssigen Legierung unter Druck gehalten. So gelangt das flüssige Metall unter definierten Druck- und Temperaturverhältnissen in den mit Schiebern und Kernen geformten FormHohlraum. Hier entsteht beim Abkühlen der Rohling für den eigentlichen Druckgussartikel. Anschließend kühlt der Schuss bei geschlossener Form. Die Form öffnet sich und ein Roboter entnimmt den jeweiligen Schuss.
Das Gussbauteil 10 wird im Schritt 2, dem Abkühlen des Gussbauteiles in der Teiledusche, einer Abkühlung unterzogen. Das Gussbauteil 10 wird dabei in einem bestimmten Zeitraum mit Wasser oder einer anderen Flüssigkeit mit hoher Wärmekapazität besprüht. Alternative dazu kann das Gussbauteil auch getaucht werden. Dadurch wird das Gussbauteil schnell von der Entnahmetemperatur aus dem Giesswerkzeug auf eine Temperatur abgekühlt, indem das Gussbauteil weiteren Verfahrensschritten zugeführt werden kann. Ein Roboter entnimmt dazu das Gussbauteil aus der Gießform, indem er die Gießtablette des Gussbauteils angreift und das Gussbauteil zusammen mit Gießtablette sowie angeformten Gießläufen aus der Form entnimmt. Die Gießstablette mit allen daran angeformten Komponenten einschließlich des Gussbauteils selbst wird in eine Station für die Teiledusche eingebracht. Das Gussbauteil wird über die Gießtablette in der Station arretieret und dort mit Wasser besprüht.
Nach der Abkühlzeit entnimmt der Roboter Gießtablette und Gussbauteil wieder aus der Station und legt sie in einer Station 3 zum Stanzen des Gussbauteils ab. Dort werden in einem Schnittwerkzeug die Gießtablette und Gießläufe abgeschnitten. Alternativ sind auch die Verfahren Sägen, Laser- und Plasmaschneiden einsetzbar.
Im Schritt 4 findet die Wärmebehandlung des Gussbauteils statt. Die Wärmebehandlung ist dabei kein Schritt der unbedingt stattfinden muss, sondern ist optional vorhanden. Bei der Wärmebehandlung kann es sich um eine Wärmebehandlung nach T5 , also um ein Warmauslagern, oder um ein Lösungsglühen handeln. Beim Lösungsglühen, einem üblichen Wärmebehandlungsprozess für Aluminium-Druckgussteile, wird eine Temperatur zwischen 460 °C und 500 °C eingestellt.
Insgesamt erfährt das Gussbauteil nach seiner Herstellung im Druckgusswerkzeug und einer eventuellen Wärmebehandlung einen Verzug, so dass das Gussbauteil den Spezifikationen nicht mehr entspricht. Im Schritt 5 erfolgt daher das Richten des Gussbauteils auf die gewünschten Endmaße, wobei das Gussbauteil in diesem Verfahrensschritt vollständig abgekühlt ist.
In einem letzten Schritt wäre das Bearbeiten 6 des Gussbauteils zu realisieren.The prior art method is described in FIG. 1a shown. In the first process step, casting 1, the cast component is produced by die casting or other casting.
In die casting, the dies of the dies are first positioned by hydraulic cylinders and the die is closed by the casting machine. The filling chamber The die casting plant is charged for each shot by pressurizing the liquid metal surface of the metering furnace, by means of compressed air with the required amount of metal. The liquid metal is now pressed in the 'shot': The piston rod of the firing cylinder of the casting machine applies pressure to the so-called pouring tablet. This filling chamber for the liquid metal is connected to the mold cavities via the pouring channels and is thus kept under pressure with the liquid alloy. Thus, the liquid metal passes under defined pressure and temperature conditions in the mold cavity formed with slides and cores. Here, during cooling, the blank is produced for the actual die-cast article. Subsequently, the shot cools when the mold is closed. The mold opens and a robot takes the shot.
The cast component 10 is subjected to cooling in step 2, the cooling of the cast component in the partial shower. The cast component 10 is sprayed with water or another liquid with high heat capacity in a certain period of time. Alternatively, the cast component can also be dipped. As a result, the cast component is cooled rapidly from the removal temperature from the casting tool to a temperature, in that the cast component can be supplied to further process steps. For this purpose, a robot removes the cast component from the casting mold by engaging the cast component of the cast component and removing the cast component from the mold together with the casting tablet and integrally molded casting runs. The Gießstablette with all molded components including the cast component itself is placed in a station for the partial shower. The cast component is arrested over the pouring tablet in the station and sprayed there with water.
After the cooling time, the robot removes the casting tablet and cast component from the station and deposits them in a station 3 for punching the cast component. There, in a cutting tool, the pouring tablet and pouring runs are cut off. Alternatively, the methods sawing, laser and plasma cutting can be used.
In step 4, the heat treatment of the cast component takes place. The heat treatment is not a step that must necessarily take place, but is optional. The heat treatment can be a heat treatment after T5, that is to say a hot aging, or a solution heat treatment. In the solution annealing, a standard heat treatment process for aluminum die castings, a temperature between 460 ° C and 500 ° C is set.
Overall, the cast component undergoes a delay after its production in the die casting tool and a possible heat treatment, so that the cast component no longer meets the specifications. In step 5, therefore, the straightening of the cast component takes place to the desired final dimensions, wherein the cast component is completely cooled in this process step.
In a last step, the machining 6 of the cast component would be realized.

Im Unterschiede zum Stand der Technik wird die Erfindung im Verfahrensablauf der Figur 1b dargestellt. Der wesentliche Unterschied dabei ist, das auf einen zusätzlichen Verfahrensschritt, das Richten 5 im kalten Zustand verzichtet bzw. bei komplexen Bauteilen auf ein Minimum reduziert werden kann.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren verwendet zur Optimierung der Gussbauteile einen kombinierten Verfahrensschritt an, der in der Abkühlungsphase 2 der Teiledusche stattfindet und ein Richten im warmen Zustand 30 umfasst.
Dazu wird das Gussbauteil aus dem Gießwerkzeug mit einem Roboter entnommen und an der Gießtablette gehalten in die Station Teiledusche eingeführt.
Das Gussbauteil wird in der Teiledusche gegen eine Auflage gedrückt und von der, der Auflage abgewandten Seite mit Befestigungsstempel gehalten. Die Befestigungsstempel werden mit Hilfe von Befestigungsstempel-Druckzylindern pneumatische oder hydraulisch ausgefahren. Um das Gussbauteil sinnvoll zu lagern werden mindestens zwei Befestigungsstempel verwendet. Die Befestigungsstempel sitzen von beiden Seiten bündig auf dem Gussbauteil auf. Anschließend werden Richtstempel über Richtzylinder ausgefahren. Sie treffen auf dem Gussbauteil auf, das an dieser Stelle nicht bündig auf einer Richtauflage aufsitzt. Über den Druck der Richtstempel verformt sich das Gussbauteil bis es auf der Richtauflage anliegt.In contrast to the prior art, the invention in the process of the FIG. 1b shown. The main difference is that it can do without an additional process step, the straightening 5 when cold or can be reduced to a minimum for complex components.
In order to optimize the cast components, the method according to the invention uses a combined method step, which takes place in the cooling phase 2 of the partial shower and comprises hot-leveling.
For this purpose, the cast component is removed from the casting tool with a robot and held on the casting tablet introduced into the station part shower.
The cast component is pressed in the partial shower against a support and held by the side facing away from the support with fixing punch. The mounting punches are pneumatically or hydraulically extended by means of mounting punch pressure cylinders. In order to store the cast component sensibly, at least two fixing punches are used. The mounting stamps sit flush on the cast component from both sides. Then straightening punches are extended via straightening cylinder. They meet on the cast component, which does not sit flush on a straightening pad at this point. About the pressure of the straightening die deforms the cast component until it rests on the straightening pad.

Durch diesen Prozessschritt wird das Gussbauteil bezüglich seiner Maße gerichtet. Der Richtprozess findet dabei entweder bis zum Erreichen der Zielmaße statt, oder das Gussbauteil wird über das Zielmaß hinaus vorverformt, da die nachfolgende Wärmebehandlung die Verformung teilweise rückgängig macht und das Gussbauteil somit final die korrekten Maße erreicht.Through this process step, the cast component is directed with respect to its dimensions. The straightening process either takes place until the target dimensions are reached, or the cast component is pre-formed beyond the target size, since the subsequent heat treatment partially reverses the deformation and thus finally achieves the correct dimensions of the cast component.

In den Figuren 2 und 3 wird die Station Teiledusche/Teilerichten als Werkzeugmaschine gezeigt.In the Figures 2 and 3 the station Partial Shower / Parting is shown as a machine tool.

Die gesamte Teiledusche 11 ist aus Rasterschienen17 aufgebaut und verschweißt. In Figur 2 erkennt man im oberen Teil der Station Teiledusche die Gießtablette 15, sowie die Gießläufe 16. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 ist das gegossene Gussbauteil markiert. In der unteren Hälfte sind Druckzylinder 13 und 14 auf einer Zylinderplatte 18 montiert, wobei die Druckzylinder einerseits der Befestigung, anderseits dem Richten dienen. In einer Teiledusche im Stand der Technik würde das Gussbauteil 10 nur über den obersten Druckzylinder 13 an der Gießtablette festgehalten. Anschließend erfolgt das Abkühlen mit Wasser oder einer anderen Flüssigkeit.The entire sub-shower 11 is constructed of rails 17 and welded. In FIG. 2 can be seen in the upper part of the station part shower the Gießtablette 15, and the casting runs 16. The reference numeral 10, the cast cast component is marked. In the lower half of pressure cylinder 13 and 14 are mounted on a cylinder plate 18, wherein the pressure cylinder on the one hand serve the attachment, on the other hand, the straightening. In a partial shower in the prior art, the cast component 10 would only be retained on the pouring tablet via the uppermost pressure cylinder 13. Subsequently, the cooling is carried out with water or another liquid.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Teiledusche wird das Gussbauteil über mehrere Druckzylinder 13 gehalten. Gegenüber der Druckzylinder und hinter dem Gussbauteil 10 sind Befestigungsauflagen 12 vorhanden, die an den Befestigungspunkten bündig am Gussbauteil anliegen. Die Befestigungsstempel, die von den Druckzylindern 13 ausgefahren werden, fixieren und klemmen das Gussbauteil zwischen sich und der Befestigungsauflage 12 ein.
Über Richtzylinder 24 werden Richtstempel 23 ausgefahren, die das Gussbauteil verbiegen. Dabei sind Verbiegungsauslenkungen von mehreren Millimetern möglich, bis das Gussbauteil die Richtauflagen 14 erreicht. Die Darstellung in Figur 2 zeigt dabei Befestigungsstempel 22 und Richtstempel 23, wobei die Verbindung zu den einzelnen Druckzylindern nicht dargestellt ist.In the partial shower according to the invention, the cast component is held over a plurality of pressure cylinders 13. Opposite the impression cylinder and behind the cast component 10 are mounting pads 12 which rest flush against the cast component at the attachment points. The mounting punches, which are extended by the printing cylinders 13, fix and clamp the cast component between itself and the mounting pad 12.
About straightening cylinder 24 straightening dies 23 are extended, which bend the cast component. In this case, deflection deflections of several millimeters are possible until the cast component reaches the directional supports 14. The representation in FIG. 2 shows this attachment punch 22 and directional stamp 23, wherein the connection to the individual printing cylinders is not shown.

In Figur 3 kann man die Gesamtsituation nochmals erkennen. Die Befestigungsstempel 22 und die Richtstempel 23 sitzen auf dem Gussbauteil 10 auf. Die Befestigungsauflage 12 steht dabei schon beim Einbringen des Gussbauteils in die Teiledusche mit der Rückseite des Gussbauteils in Verbindung. Die Richtauflage 14 dagegen ist am Anfang vom Gussbauteil mit Abstand versehen. Erst nachdem der Richtdruckzylinder 24 die Richtspitze 22 auf das Gussbauteil drückt, wird der Abstand zur Richtauflage 14 auf null reduziert. Das Gussbauteil wird gerichtet oder überbogen.
Nachdem alle Richtzylinder ihren Sollwert erreicht haben, wird das Wasser über die Wasserzufuhr 21 freigegeben und das Gussbauteil innerhalb der Teiledusche auf die Endtemperatur abgekühlt.In FIG. 3 you can see the overall situation again. The fastening punch 22 and the straightening ram 23 are seated on the cast component 10. The mounting pad 12 is already in the introduction of the cast component in the part shower with the back of the cast component in connection. The directional support 14, however, is provided at the beginning of the cast component at a distance. Only after the directional pressure cylinder 24 presses the directional tip 22 on the cast component, the distance to the directional pad 14 is reduced to zero. The cast component is straightened or bent over.
After all straightening cylinders have reached their desired value, the water is released via the water supply 21 and the cast component within the partial shower cooled to the final temperature.

Auf der linken Seite der Zeichnung ist zu erkennen, dass die Rasterschienen 17 im Bereich der Auflage eine Auflagenhalterung 19 bilden. Die Auflagenhalterung 19 ist über Schrauben 20 mit dem Rest des Aufbaus verbunden und kann von ihm gelöst werden. Damit kann die Auflagenhalterung mit allen Befestigungsauflagen 12 und Richtauflagen 14 aus der Maschine genommen und auf einer Messmaschine vermessen und justiert werden. Die Auflagen werden dabei mit Abstimmscheiben optimiert.On the left side of the drawing can be seen that the rails 17 form a support bracket 19 in the region of the support. The support bracket 19 is connected by screws 20 with the rest of the structure and can be solved by him. Thus, the support bracket with all mounting pads 12 and straightening pads 14 can be removed from the machine and measured on a measuring machine and adjusted. The pads are optimized with tuning discs.

Die gezeigte Ausführungsform der Maschine zum Abkühlen und Richten von Gussbauteilen ist vorteilhafterweise so gestaltet das alle Druckzylinder auf einer Seite der Bearbeitungsstation angebracht sind. Dadurch kann der Platzbedarf, der durch die Baugröße der Druckzylinder gegeben ist optimiert werden.The illustrated embodiment of the machine for cooling and straightening cast components is advantageously designed so that all printing cylinders are mounted on one side of the processing station. As a result, the space required by the size of the impression cylinder can be optimized.

Allerdings ist es auch möglich eine solche Maschine für kompliziertere und auf wendigere Richtaufgaben einzusetzen und daher das Gussbauteil 10 von beiden Seiten mit Richtstempel zu verformen. Dazu müssen auf der linken Seite der Figur 3 Druckzylinder angebracht werden, durch die Auflagenhalterung 19 hindurch Richtstempel ausfahren. Auf der rechten Seite müssten natürlich die entsprechenden Richtauflagen 14 angebracht werden.However, it is also possible to use such a machine for more complicated and more maneuverable straightening tasks and therefore to deform the cast member 10 from both sides with straightening. To do this, on the left side of the FIG. 3 Pressure cylinder are mounted, extend through the support bracket 19 through the directional stamp. Of course, the corresponding directional pads 14 would have to be attached on the right side.

Von der zeitlichen Abfolge ist es nicht zwingend notwendig mit dem Abkühlen zu warten, bis die Richtwerkzeuge ausgefahren und das Verbiegen des Bauteils abgeschlossen ist.
Um den Prozess zu optimieren, kann der Abkühlprozess parallel zum Richtprozess gestartet werden.It is not absolutely necessary to wait for the time sequence to cool down until the straightening tools have been extended and the bending of the component has been completed.
In order to optimize the process, the cooling process can be started parallel to the straightening process.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

  • 1 Gießen1 pour
  • 2 Abkühlen des Gussbauteiles in der Teiledusche2 Cooling of the cast component in the partial shower
  • 3 Stanzen3 punches
  • 4 Wärmebehandlung4 heat treatment
  • 5 Richten5 judging
  • 6 Bearbeiten6 Edit
  • 10 Gussbauteil10 cast component
  • 11 Teiledusche11 partial shower
  • 12 Befestigungsauflagen12 mounting pads
  • 13 Druckzylinder13 impression cylinders
  • 14 Richtauflage14 straightening pad
  • 15 Gießtablette15 pouring tablet
  • 16 Gießläufe16 watering runs
  • 17 Rasterschienen17 grid rails
  • 18 Zylinderplatte18 cylinder plate
  • 19 Auflagenhalterung19 support bracket
  • 20 Schrauben20 screws
  • 21 Wasserzufuhr21 water supply
  • 22 Befestigungsstempel22 fixing stamps
  • 23 Richtstempel23 directional stamp
  • 24 Richtdruckzylinder24 directional pressure cylinders
  • 30 Warmrichten30 gilding

Claims (11)

  1. Machine for cooling and truing cast components made from cast material, consisting of a construction for holding cast components and a holder for supplying cooling liquids, characterized in that the machine has means (12, 22) for holding the cast component (10) by means of pressure cylinders (13), and in that truing pressure cylinders (24) with truing rams (23) are installed which press the cast component (10) against pads (14).
  2. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the machine has a removable pad holder (19).
  3. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the machine has all the pads (12, 14) on one side of the cast component (10) and all the fastening and truing rams (22, 23) on the other side.
  4. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the machine has all the pads (12, 14) and fastening and truing rams (22, 23) on both sides of the cast component.
  5. Method for treating a cast component after the removal from the casting mould, the cast component being loaded immediately with a cooling liquid in a water spray (11), characterized in that, before the cooling liquid is applied, the cast component is subjected to a truing operation in the still hot state.
  6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the truing operation trues the cast component to the final dimensions.
  7. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the truing operation bends the cast component to beyond the final dimensions and the cast component reaches the final dimensions in an additional thermal treatment step.
  8. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the truing operation bends the cast component approximately to the final dimensions and the remaining truing outlay is minimized.
  9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cast component is bent by way of at least one truing tip (23).
  10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cast component is bent against at least one truing pad (14), it being possible for the truing pad (14) to be adjustable.
  11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after the bending, the cast component is held in this state and is cooled by way of the cooling liquid.
EP14177059.4A 2013-08-20 2014-07-15 Machine and method for the treatment of cast components Active EP2839894B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310216435 DE102013216435A1 (en) 2013-08-20 2013-08-20 Machine and method for treating cast components

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EP2839894B1 true EP2839894B1 (en) 2015-11-04

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US (1) US9694407B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2839894B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104416022B (en)
DE (1) DE102013216435A1 (en)
MX (1) MX351142B (en)

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CN107699676A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-02-16 重庆邓氏厨具制造有限公司 One kind forges cutter blank alignment quenching press

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EP3362205A4 (en) * 2015-11-05 2019-04-03 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Methods for improving the thermal treatment of castings
CN111774437B (en) * 2020-07-28 2022-04-08 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 Pressurizing and shaping method for target material after welding
CN113020575A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-25 常州欧茗铸造有限公司 Casting box for wear-resistant casting parts

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US4144730A (en) * 1978-02-06 1979-03-20 Industrial Metal Products Corporation Production workpiece straightening system
JPS611422A (en) 1984-06-13 1986-01-07 Hitachi Metals Ltd Strain relieving press machine
JPS6111422A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-01-18 Honda Motor Co Ltd Suction system device for internal-combustion engine
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DE10329525B4 (en) * 2003-06-30 2006-02-09 Betriebsforschungsinstitut VDEh - Institut für angewandte Forschung GmbH Method and device for directing a warm profile and method for producing a standardized profile
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JP5416624B2 (en) * 2010-03-15 2014-02-12 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Automotive undercarriage parts and manufacturing method thereof
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CN107699676A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-02-16 重庆邓氏厨具制造有限公司 One kind forges cutter blank alignment quenching press

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MX2014010039A (en) 2015-08-13
CN104416022A (en) 2015-03-18
DE102013216435A1 (en) 2015-02-26
CN104416022B (en) 2017-07-11
US9694407B2 (en) 2017-07-04
US20150052964A1 (en) 2015-02-26
EP2839894A1 (en) 2015-02-25
MX351142B (en) 2017-10-02

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