EP2839235A1 - Method for determining corrections for artillery fire - Google Patents

Method for determining corrections for artillery fire

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Publication number
EP2839235A1
EP2839235A1 EP13715705.3A EP13715705A EP2839235A1 EP 2839235 A1 EP2839235 A1 EP 2839235A1 EP 13715705 A EP13715705 A EP 13715705A EP 2839235 A1 EP2839235 A1 EP 2839235A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reticle
target
impact
display screen
orientation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13715705.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2839235B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Seugnet
Stéphane GODIO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales SA filed Critical Thales SA
Priority to PL13715705T priority Critical patent/PL2839235T3/en
Publication of EP2839235A1 publication Critical patent/EP2839235A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2839235B1 publication Critical patent/EP2839235B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/06—Aiming or laying means with rangefinder
    • F41G3/065—Structural association of sighting-devices with laser telemeters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/02—Aiming or laying means using an independent line of sight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/06—Aiming or laying means with rangefinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/14—Indirect aiming means
    • F41G3/142—Indirect aiming means based on observation of a first shoot; using a simulated shoot

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of artillery fire.
  • This observation system described in relation with FIG. 4 conventionally comprises an observation channel which comprises an image sensor 2 and a laser telemetry pathway, said laser path, which comprises a rangefinder 4; it also comprises a display screen 1 common to both channels on which appears the image 10 from the image sensor and on which is positioned a telemetry reticle R1 materializing the line of sight of the laser rangefinder, as can be seen see Figure 1.
  • This reticle is usually shaped like a cross.
  • the laser beam of the rangefinder is emitted in a very narrow sector typically of about 1 mrad, which imposes a very precise laser pointing.
  • a harmonization that is to say an alignment of the axes between the laser path and the observation path is performed at the factory; As a result, the reticle R1 is located substantially in the center of the screen 1.
  • the operator orients the binoculars so as to position the laser reticle R1 on the image of the target and then the telemetry is performed by means of a user interface 7, for example by action on a push button.
  • the observation system is furthermore equipped with means for measuring the orientation of the line of sight (of the observation channel or of the telemetry channel since they have the same axis), such that a magnetic compass, or a goniometer or a gyrocompass ..., or any other means, and positioning means 6 such as for example a GPS bi-antenna system.
  • This observation system is for example mounted on a tripod and therefore has a fixed geographical position, and is able to be oriented. As indicated, the observer directs the observation system so as to make the reticle R1 coincide with the image 10 of the target on the display screen 1 as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the coordinates of the target are extracted from these three measurements and transmitted to the pieces of artillery, by voice for example.
  • the second observer When the first impact is not on the target, the second observer has the second mission to provide the operators with artillery pieces, the parameters necessary to determine the corrections of shots to be made to make a second strike on the target. this time.
  • the parameters provided by the advanced observer are 3 as shown in Figure 2:
  • the distance D ' is obtained by laser telemetry with a sufficient accuracy of the order of ⁇ 5m.
  • the goniometer The goniometer.
  • the magnetic compass is a device sensitive to the Earth's magnetic field and makes it possible to determine the magnetic north of a place; it is then easy to deduce the geographic north of this place, by adding the magnetic declination.
  • Using a magnetic compass you can measure by pointing at a target the observation field towards this target. By pointing to the impact and making a subtraction, one is able to determine the shift in bearing between the target and the impact.
  • the advantage of the device lies in its compactness and lightness. It is easily integrated into more complex systems such as multifunctional binoculars for example. Its disadvantage is related to the sensitivity of this type of sensor which is extremely sensitive to disturbances and can not guarantee in the best case a measurement less than 10 mrad. But this accuracy of 10 mrad is very insufficient since the order of magnitude of the corrections of shots that one seeks to provide is 1 millradian.
  • the goniometer is a protractor. It makes it possible to measure a relative angle with great precision, less than one mrad. By successively pointing the line of sight of a binocular on the target and then on the point of impact, it makes it possible to measure the shift in bearing with the required precision.
  • the disadvantage of the goniometer is that it is heavy, cumbersome which is penalizing for tactical equipment and adds a significant cost to the system.
  • These correction parameters can also be calculated by using an observation system such as a binocular or a telescope, whose display screen is provided with a micrometric R1 reticle, that is to say completed by small markers. , the distance between two marks defining a field of view, as represented in FIG.
  • the observer himself evaluates the shift in the field and in the field as a function of the shift observed on his display screen 1 between the micrometer reticle R1 positioned on the image 10 of the target and the image 11 of the image. impact on his screen; but this evaluation by the observer himself does not make it possible to reach the desired accuracy of the order of 1 billion. Then by telemetry, it measures the distance by having previously oriented its observation system to the impact that is to say by positioning the reticle on the image of the impact.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for determining gunfire corrections on a fixed target by means of an optronic observation system of fixed geographical position, able to be oriented and equipped with a measuring device the orientation of its line of sight, a laser range finder, system positioning means, a display screen provided with a fixed reticle and harmonized with the axis of the range finder, display means and moving another reticle on the screen, which comprises the following step:
  • the observation system so as to display the fixed reticle on the image of the target on the display screen and calculate geographical coordinates of the target according to the distance provided by the rangefinder, the orientation provided by the device for measuring the orientation and the position of the optronic system provided by the positioning means.
  • a shot having taken place and the impact of this shot does not coincide with the target, it comprises the following steps: - the orientation of the system being fixed:
  • the display of the second and third reticle are possibly simultaneous.
  • the telemetry step can be repeated, for example when no echo is obtained by the range finder.
  • the field of view of the display screen may vary, it comprises following the step of extraction of coordinates, a step of widening the field of view of the display screen.
  • the subject of the invention is also an optronic observation system capable of being oriented and equipped with a device for measuring the orientation of its line of sight, a laser range finder, means for positioning the system, and a display screen provided with a fixed reticle and harmonized with the axis of the range finder, a user interface and a processing unit, characterized in that it comprises means for displaying and moving two other reticles on the screen, and in that the processing unit comprises means for implementing the method as described.
  • FIG. 1 already described schematically represents an example of a target image on a display screen
  • FIG. 2 already described illustrates the firing corrections to be made
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the different steps of displaying the reticles R2 and R3 according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 schematically represents an example of an observation system.
  • a second reticle R2 places this reticle R2 on the image 1 1 of the point of impact on the screen without change the orientation of the binocular, as shown in Figure 3a.
  • These means of moving a reticle are for example a joystick, or push buttons or a device for analyzing the retina of the observer.
  • the microvisualizer is of the OLED or LCD type, with a bearing angle associated with each predetermined pixel; it is typically from about 0.1 to 5%.
  • the required accuracy of the order of 1 mrd is thus largely achieved by measuring ⁇ in number of pixels. It is the same for the shift in the site obtained by measuring Ay, but the main contribution is that of the offset in the field.
  • the horizontal field of a screen is typically about 3 °, about 50 mrd, which corresponds to a field of view covering about 150 m, for an observer located at 3 km.
  • the observer may possibly expand this field of view before the adjustment shot, the angle of bearing associated with each pixel being of course increased accordingly.
  • a third reticle R3 is displayed on the screen symmetrically with the reticle R2 with respect to R1 (more precisely with respect to the center of R1); this is shown in Figure 3b.
  • the observer modifies the orientation of the observation system so as to position the reticle R3 on the image of the target 10, which by construction brings the reticle R1 and therefore the axis of view of the rangefinder on the image of the point of impact 1 1.
  • the point of impact becomes the physical reference common to the observer and the artillery pieces instead of the geographic north.
  • It then activates the range finder to measure the distance D 'between the observation system and the point of impact. This telemetry step is possibly repeated as long as no echo of the point of impact is detected by the range finder.
  • the observation system also has all the data (position, shift in orientation, distances D and D ') to determine the difference between the target and the point of impact of the adjustment shot, with the accuracy of a goniometer system but without the latter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining corrections for artillery fire toward a stationary target using a stationary observation system which can be oriented and comprises a device (5) for measuring the orientation of the line of sight thereof, a laser rangefinder (4), a positioning means (6), a display screen (1) provided with a fixed crosshair, and a means for displaying and moving another crosshair on the screen, wherein the method comprises a step of orienting the observation system so as to display the central crosshair on the image of the target, and calculating geographical coordinates of the target on the basis of the distance provided by the rangefinder, the orientation provided by the orientation-measuring device, and the position of the optoelectronic system provided by the positioning means. In the event that, after firing, the impact and the target do not coincide, the method comprises the following steps while the orientation of the system is fixed: displaying, on the display screen, a second crosshair on the image of the impact and measuring, on the display screen, the offset between the two crosshairs; displaying a third crosshair on the screen at a position that is symmetrical to that of the second crosshair; orienting the optoelectronic system in order to position the third crosshair on the image of the target, such that the first crosshair coincides with the image of the point of impact; and actuating the rangefinder in order to obtain the distance between the system and the impact.

Description

PROCÈDE DE DÉTERMINATION DES CORRECTIONS DE TIR D'ARTILLERIE  PROCESS FOR DETERMINING ARTILLERY FIRE CORRECTIONS
Le domaine de l'invention est celui des tirs d'artillerie. The field of the invention is that of artillery fire.
Lors de tirs d'artillerie, un observateur avancé est placé entre les pièces d'artillerie et une cible fixe, typiquement à environ 1 ou 2 km de la cible, les pièces d'artillerie étant elles placées en arrière à une distance typiquement comprise entre 5 et 50 km pour des tirs terrestres. Cet observateur qui a une vue directe sur la cible est chargé dans un premier temps de déterminer la position de cette cible. On parle d'extraction de coordonnées de la cible. During artillery fire, an advanced observer is placed between the artillery pieces and a fixed target, typically about 1 to 2 km from the target, with the artillery being placed back at a distance typically between 5 and 50 km for ground fire. This observer who has a direct view of the target is initially responsible for determining the position of this target. We are talking about the extraction of coordinates from the target.
Celles-ci sont obtenues de la manière suivante au moyen d'un système d'observation optronique fixe mais orientable tel qu'une jumelle ou une lunette multifonctions fixée sur un trépied.  These are obtained in the following manner by means of a fixed but adjustable optronic observation system such as a binocular or a multifunctional telescope fixed on a tripod.
Ce système d'observation décrit en relation avec la figure 4 comprend de manière classique, une voie d'observation qui comprend un capteur d'images 2 et une voie de télémétrie laser dite voie laser qui comprend un télémètre 4 ; il comprend également un écran d'affichage 1 commun aux deux voies sur lequel apparaît l'image 10 issue du capteur d'image et sur lequel est positionné un réticule de télémétrie R1 matérialisant l'axe de visée du télémètre laser, comme on peut le voir figure 1 . Ce réticule a généralement la forme d'une croix. Le faisceau laser du télémètre est émis dans un secteur très étroit typiquement d'environ 1 mrad, ce qui impose un pointage très précis du laser. Une harmonisation c'est-à-dire un alignement des axes entre la voie laser et la voie d'observation est effectuée en usine ; il en résulte que le réticule R1 est situé sensiblement au centre de l'écran 1 . Pour télémétrer la cible, l'opérateur oriente la jumelle de manière à positionner le réticule laser R1 sur l'image de la cible puis la télémétrie est effectuée au moyen d'une interface utilisateur 7, par exemple par action sur un bouton poussoir. Le système d'observation est en outre équipé de moyens 5 de mesure de l'orientation de l'axe de visée (de la voie d'observation ou de la voie de télémétrie puisqu'elles ont le même axe), tels qu'un compas magnétique, ou un goniomètre ou un gyrocompas..., ou tout autre moyen, et de moyens de positionnement 6 tels que par exemple un système GPS bi-antennes. Ce système d'observation est par exemple monté sur trépied et a donc une position géographique fixe, et est apte à être orienté. Comme indiqué, l'observateur oriente le système d'observation de manière à faire coïncider sur l'écran de visualisation 1 , le réticule R1 avec l'image 10 de la cible comme illustré figure 1 . Il actionne alors le télémètre pour mesurer la distance D entre le système et la cible, en même temps que les mesures de positionnement du système et son orientation sont respectivement calculées par les moyens de positionnement et d'orientation. Les coordonnées de la cible sont extraites de ces trois mesures et transmises aux pièces d'artillerie, par phonie par exemple. This observation system described in relation with FIG. 4 conventionally comprises an observation channel which comprises an image sensor 2 and a laser telemetry pathway, said laser path, which comprises a rangefinder 4; it also comprises a display screen 1 common to both channels on which appears the image 10 from the image sensor and on which is positioned a telemetry reticle R1 materializing the line of sight of the laser rangefinder, as can be seen see Figure 1. This reticle is usually shaped like a cross. The laser beam of the rangefinder is emitted in a very narrow sector typically of about 1 mrad, which imposes a very precise laser pointing. A harmonization, that is to say an alignment of the axes between the laser path and the observation path is performed at the factory; As a result, the reticle R1 is located substantially in the center of the screen 1. To telemetry the target, the operator orients the binoculars so as to position the laser reticle R1 on the image of the target and then the telemetry is performed by means of a user interface 7, for example by action on a push button. The observation system is furthermore equipped with means for measuring the orientation of the line of sight (of the observation channel or of the telemetry channel since they have the same axis), such that a magnetic compass, or a goniometer or a gyrocompass ..., or any other means, and positioning means 6 such as for example a GPS bi-antenna system. This observation system is for example mounted on a tripod and therefore has a fixed geographical position, and is able to be oriented. As indicated, the observer directs the observation system so as to make the reticle R1 coincide with the image 10 of the target on the display screen 1 as illustrated in FIG. 1. He then actuates the rangefinder to measure the distance D between the system and the target, at the same time that the positioning measurements of the system and its orientation are respectively calculated by the positioning and orientation means. The coordinates of the target are extracted from these three measurements and transmitted to the pieces of artillery, by voice for example.
Un certain nombre de facteurs peuvent conduire à ce que le premier impact ne soit pas sur la cible : A number of factors can lead to the first impact not being on the target:
Imprécision de l'extraction de coordonnées,  Imprecision of the extraction of coordinates,
- Réglage de la pièce d'artillerie défaillant  - Adjustment of the failed artillery piece
Température de la poudre et du canon  Temperature of the powder and the barrel
Vents,  winds
Etc ..  Etc.
Lorsque le premier impact n'est pas sur la cible, l'observateur avancé a pour seconde mission de fournir aux opérateurs des pièces d'artillerie, les paramètres nécessaires à la détermination des corrections de tirs à apporter pour réaliser une seconde frappe sur la cible cette fois. Les paramètres que fournit l'observateur avancé sont au nombre de 3 comme indiqué sur la figure 2 :  When the first impact is not on the target, the second observer has the second mission to provide the operators with artillery pieces, the parameters necessary to determine the corrections of shots to be made to make a second strike on the target. this time. The parameters provided by the advanced observer are 3 as shown in Figure 2:
- gisement d'observation de la cible,  - target observation field,
distance à droite ou gauche entre l'impact et la cible qui est de 10 m plus à gauche sur l'exemple de la figure,  distance to the right or left between the impact and the target which is 10 m further left in the example of the figure,
distance devant ou derrière entre l'impact et la cible, qui est de 15 m plus près sur l'exemple de la figure.  distance in front or behind between the impact and the target, which is 15 m closer in the example of the figure.
Le calcul de ces paramètres est effectué à partir de la mesure des éléments suivants, sachant que la mesure de la distance D issue de l'étape d'extraction de coordonnées, est considérée suffisamment précise :  The calculation of these parameters is made from the measurement of the following elements, knowing that the measurement of the distance D resulting from the step of extracting coordinates, is considered sufficiently precise:
Distance D' entre l'observateur et l'impact,  Distance D between the observer and the impact,
Décalage de l'orientation entre l'impact et la cible : dans la pratique il s'agit d'un décalage en gisement. Pour éviter que l'impact de cette seconde frappe ne soit en dehors de la cible et donc pour limiter au maximum les dommages collatéraux, le calcul de ces paramètres doit être le plus précis possible, notamment avec une précision angulaire d'un mrad, la précision sur D' étant suffisante. Offset of the orientation between the impact and the target: in practice it is a shift in the field. To avoid that the impact of this second strike is outside the target and therefore to minimize the collateral damage, the calculation of these parameters must be as accurate as possible, especially with an angular accuracy of one mrad, the accuracy on D 'being sufficient.
En effet, la distance D' est obtenue par télémétrie laser avec une précision suffisante de l'ordre de ± 5m. Indeed, the distance D 'is obtained by laser telemetry with a sufficient accuracy of the order of ± 5m.
A l'heure actuelle il existe deux appareils pour déterminer le décalage en gisement entre la cible et l'impact :  At the moment there are two devices to determine the shift in the bearing between the target and the impact:
Le compas magnétique,  The magnetic compass,
Le goniomètre.  The goniometer.
Le compas magnétique est un appareil sensible au champ magnétique terrestre et permet de déterminer le nord magnétique d'un lieu ; il est alors facile de déduire le nord géographique de ce lieu, en ajoutant la déclinaison magnétique. A l'aide d'un compas magnétique on peut mesurer en pointant sur une cible le gisement d'observation vers cette cible. En pointant vers l'impact et en faisant une soustraction, on est en mesure de déterminer le décalage en gisement entre la cible et l'impact. L'avantage de l'appareil réside dans sa compacité et sa légèreté. Il est facilement intégrable dans des systèmes plus complexes comme les jumelles multifonctions par exemple. Son inconvénient est lié à la sensibilité de ce type de capteur qui est extrêmement sensible aux perturbations et ne peut garantir dans le meilleur des cas une mesure à moins de 10 mrad. Or cette précision de 10 mrad est très insuffisante puisque l'ordre de grandeur des corrections de tirs que l'on cherche à fournir est de 1 millradian. The magnetic compass is a device sensitive to the Earth's magnetic field and makes it possible to determine the magnetic north of a place; it is then easy to deduce the geographic north of this place, by adding the magnetic declination. Using a magnetic compass you can measure by pointing at a target the observation field towards this target. By pointing to the impact and making a subtraction, one is able to determine the shift in bearing between the target and the impact. The advantage of the device lies in its compactness and lightness. It is easily integrated into more complex systems such as multifunctional binoculars for example. Its disadvantage is related to the sensitivity of this type of sensor which is extremely sensitive to disturbances and can not guarantee in the best case a measurement less than 10 mrad. But this accuracy of 10 mrad is very insufficient since the order of magnitude of the corrections of shots that one seeks to provide is 1 millradian.
Le goniomètre est un rapporteur d'angle. Il permet de mesurer un angle relatif avec une grande précision, inférieure à un mrad. En pointant successivement la ligne de mire d'une jumelle sur la cible puis sur le point d'impact, il permet de mesurer le décalage en gisement avec la précision requise. L'inconvénient du goniomètre est qu'il est lourd, encombrant ce qui est pénalisant pour un matériel tactique et qu'il ajoute un coût non négligeable au système. On peut également calculer ces paramètres de correction en utilisant un système d'observation tel qu'une jumelle ou une lunette, dont l'écran de visualisation est muni d'un réticule R1 micrométrique c'est-à-dire complété par des petits repères, la distance entre deux repères définissant un champ de vue, comme représenté figure 1 . L'observateur évalue lui- même le décalage en gisement et en site en fonction du décalage qu'il observe sur son écran de visualisation 1 entre le réticule R1 micrométrique positionné sur l'image 10 de la cible et l'image 1 1 de l'impact sur son écran ; mais cette évaluation par l'observateur lui-même ne permet pas d'atteindre la précision souhaitée de l'ordre d'1 mrd. Puis par télémétrie, il mesure la distance en ayant préalablement orienté son système d'observation vers l'impact c'est-à-dire en positionnant le réticule sur l'image de l'impact. The goniometer is a protractor. It makes it possible to measure a relative angle with great precision, less than one mrad. By successively pointing the line of sight of a binocular on the target and then on the point of impact, it makes it possible to measure the shift in bearing with the required precision. The disadvantage of the goniometer is that it is heavy, cumbersome which is penalizing for tactical equipment and adds a significant cost to the system. These correction parameters can also be calculated by using an observation system such as a binocular or a telescope, whose display screen is provided with a micrometric R1 reticle, that is to say completed by small markers. , the distance between two marks defining a field of view, as represented in FIG. The observer himself evaluates the shift in the field and in the field as a function of the shift observed on his display screen 1 between the micrometer reticle R1 positioned on the image 10 of the target and the image 11 of the image. impact on his screen; but this evaluation by the observer himself does not make it possible to reach the desired accuracy of the order of 1 billion. Then by telemetry, it measures the distance by having previously oriented its observation system to the impact that is to say by positioning the reticle on the image of the impact.
En conséquence, il demeure à ce jour un besoin pour un système donnant simultanément satisfaction à l'ensemble des exigences précitées, en termes de précision des corrections à apporter, de compacité, de légèreté et de coût. As a result, it remains to this day a need for a system simultaneously satisfying all of the above requirements, in terms of the accuracy of corrections to be made, compactness, lightness and cost.
Plus précisément l'invention a pour objet un procédé de détermination de corrections de tir d'artillerie sur une cible fixe au moyen d'un système d'observation optronique de position géographique fixe, apte à être orienté et équipé d'un dispositif de mesure de l'orientation de sa ligne de visée, d'un télémètre laser, de moyens de positionnement du système, d'un écran de visualisation muni d'un réticule fixe et harmonisé avec l'axe du télémètre, de moyens d'affichage et de déplacement d'un autre réticule sur l'écran, qui comporte l'étape suivante : More precisely, the subject of the invention is a method for determining gunfire corrections on a fixed target by means of an optronic observation system of fixed geographical position, able to be oriented and equipped with a measuring device the orientation of its line of sight, a laser range finder, system positioning means, a display screen provided with a fixed reticle and harmonized with the axis of the range finder, display means and moving another reticle on the screen, which comprises the following step:
- orienter le système d'observation de manière à afficher le réticule fixe sur l'image de la cible sur l'écran de visualisation et calculer des coordonnées géographiques de la cible en fonction de la distance fournie par le télémètre, de l'orientation fournie par le dispositif de mesure de l'orientation et de la position du système optronique fournie par les moyens de positionnement.  - orient the observation system so as to display the fixed reticle on the image of the target on the display screen and calculate geographical coordinates of the target according to the distance provided by the rangefinder, the orientation provided by the device for measuring the orientation and the position of the optronic system provided by the positioning means.
Il est principalement caractérisé en ce qu'un tir ayant eu lieu et l'impact de ce tir ne coïncidant pas avec la cible, il comporte les étapes suivantes : - l'orientation du système étant fixe : It is mainly characterized in that a shot having taken place and the impact of this shot does not coincide with the target, it comprises the following steps: - the orientation of the system being fixed:
o afficher sur l'écran de visualisation un deuxième réticule sur l'image de l'impact et mesurer sur l'écran de visualisation le décalage entre les deux réticules,  o display on the display screen a second reticle on the image of the impact and measure on the display screen the offset between the two reticles,
o afficher un troisième réticule sur l'écran de visualisation en une position symétrique de celle du deuxième réticule par rapport au premier réticule,  displaying a third reticle on the display screen in a position symmetrical to that of the second reticle with respect to the first reticle,
- orienter le système optronique pour positionner le troisième réticule sur l'image de la cible, le premier réticule coïncidant alors avec l'image du point d'impact,  - orienting the optronic system to position the third reticle on the image of the target, the first reticle then coinciding with the image of the point of impact,
- actionner le télémètre pour obtenir la distance entre le système et l'impact.  - activate the rangefinder to obtain the distance between the system and the impact.
Cela permet notamment de mesurer la distance entre le système d'observation et le point d'impact même lorsque celui-ci vu par l'observateur et/ou son image sur l'écran ont bougé, ou disparu. This allows in particular to measure the distance between the observation system and the point of impact even when it seen by the observer and / or its image on the screen have moved, or disappeared.
L'affichage du deuxième et du troisième réticule sont éventuellement simultanés.  The display of the second and third reticle are possibly simultaneous.
L'étape de télémétrie peut être réitérée, par exemple lorsqu'aucun écho n'est obtenu par le télémètre.  The telemetry step can be repeated, for example when no echo is obtained by the range finder.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le champ de vue de l'écran de visualisation pouvant varier, il comprend suite à l'étape d'extraction des coordonnées, une étape d'élargissement du champ de vue de l'écran de visualisation.  According to a characteristic of the invention, the field of view of the display screen may vary, it comprises following the step of extraction of coordinates, a step of widening the field of view of the display screen.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un système d'observation optronique apte à être orienté et équipé d'un dispositif de mesure de l'orientation de sa ligne de visée, d'un télémètre laser, de moyens de positionnement du système, d'un écran de visualisation muni d'un réticule fixe et harmonisé avec l'axe du télémètre, d'une interface utilisateur et d'une unité de traitement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'affichage et de déplacement de deux autres réticules sur l'écran, et en ce que l'unité de traitement comporte des moyens de mise en œuvre du procédé tel que décrit. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : The subject of the invention is also an optronic observation system capable of being oriented and equipped with a device for measuring the orientation of its line of sight, a laser range finder, means for positioning the system, and a display screen provided with a fixed reticle and harmonized with the axis of the range finder, a user interface and a processing unit, characterized in that it comprises means for displaying and moving two other reticles on the screen, and in that the processing unit comprises means for implementing the method as described. Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, given by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
la figure 1 déjà décrite représente schématiquement un exemple d'image de cible sur un écran de visualisation,  FIG. 1 already described schematically represents an example of a target image on a display screen,
la figure 2 déjà décrite illustre les corrections de tir à apporter, les figures 3 illustrent les différentes étapes d'affichage des réticules R2 et R3 selon l'invention,  FIG. 2 already described illustrates the firing corrections to be made, FIG. 3 illustrates the different steps of displaying the reticles R2 and R3 according to the invention,
la figure 4 représente schématiquement un exemple de système d'observation.  FIG. 4 schematically represents an example of an observation system.
D'une figure à l'autre, les mêmes éléments sont repérés par les mêmes références.  From one figure to another, the same elements are identified by the same references.
On considère qu'un premier tir souvent appelé tir de réglage, a eu lieu, suite à la transmission des coordonnées de la cible aux pièces d'artillerie. L'observateur attend l'impact de ce tir de réglage en conservant le réticule R1 sur l'image de la cible, sans modifier l'orientation du système d'observation. R1 est généralement au centre de l'écran de visualisation 1 . It is considered that a first shot, often called tuning fire, took place, following the transmission of the coordinates of the target to the artillery pieces. The observer waits for the impact of this adjustment shot by keeping the reticle R1 on the image of the target, without modifying the orientation of the observation system. R1 is usually in the center of the viewing screen 1.
Lors de l'impact, l'opérateur grâce à des moyens d'affichage et de déplacement d'un deuxième réticule R2 sur l'écran, place ce réticule R2 sur l'image 1 1 du point d'impact sur l'écran sans modifier l'orientation de la jumelle, comme illustré figure 3a. Ces moyens de déplacement d'un réticule sont par exemple un joystick, ou des boutons poussoirs ou encore un dispositif d'analyse de la rétine de l'observateur. Le positionnement du réticule R2 sur l'image 1 1 du point d'impact permet la mesure de Δχ (= décalage horizontal de R2 par rapport à R1 ) qui permet de déterminer le décalage en gisement avec la très bonne précision angulaire de l'écran de visualisation. Il s'agit typiquement d'un écran de type microvisualisateur avec une optique oculaire ou d'un écran plat déporté. Le microvisualisateur est de type OLED ou à cristaux liquides LCD, avec un angle de gisement associé à chaque pixel prédéterminé ; il est typiquement d'environ 0,1 mrd à 5% près. La précision requise de l'ordre d'1 mrd est donc largement atteinte en mesurant Δχ en nombre de pixels. Il en est de même pour le décalage en site obtenu en mesurant Ay, mais la principale contribution est celle du décalage en gisement. Le champ horizontal d'un écran est typiquement d'environ 3°, soit environ 50 mrd, ce qui correspond à un champ de vue couvrant environ 150 m, pour un observateur situé à 3 km. During the impact, the operator by means of display and displacement of a second reticle R2 on the screen, places this reticle R2 on the image 1 1 of the point of impact on the screen without change the orientation of the binocular, as shown in Figure 3a. These means of moving a reticle are for example a joystick, or push buttons or a device for analyzing the retina of the observer. The positioning of the reticle R2 on the image 1 1 of the point of impact allows the measurement of Δχ (= horizontal shift of R2 with respect to R1) which makes it possible to determine the offset with the very good angular accuracy of the screen of visualization. It is typically a microvisualizer type screen with an ocular optics or a remote flat screen. The microvisualizer is of the OLED or LCD type, with a bearing angle associated with each predetermined pixel; it is typically from about 0.1 to 5%. The required accuracy of the order of 1 mrd is thus largely achieved by measuring Δχ in number of pixels. It is the same for the shift in the site obtained by measuring Ay, but the main contribution is that of the offset in the field. The horizontal field of a screen is typically about 3 °, about 50 mrd, which corresponds to a field of view covering about 150 m, for an observer located at 3 km.
Si le point d'impact peut être en dehors de ce champ de vue, l'observateur peut éventuellement élargir ce champ de vue avant le tir de réglage, l'angle de gisement associé à chaque pixel étant bien sûr augmenté en conséquence.  If the point of impact may be outside this field of view, the observer may possibly expand this field of view before the adjustment shot, the angle of bearing associated with each pixel being of course increased accordingly.
Reste alors à mesurer la distance D' entre le système d'observation et le point d'impact au moyen du télémètre sachant que l'axe de celui-ci est harmonisé avec l'axe matérialisé par le réticule R1 . Or à ce stade, R1 est sur l'image 10 de la cible. It remains to measure the distance D 'between the observation system and the point of impact by means of the range finder knowing that the axis thereof is harmonized with the axis materialized by the reticle R1. But at this point, R1 is on the image 10 of the target.
Il faut donc modifier l'orientation du système d'observation de manière à positionner le réticule R1 sur l'image du point d'impact. Mais le point d'impact vu par l'observateur ainsi que son image sur l'écran peuvent avoir bougé, voire même avoir disparu ; la fumée au point d'impact peut s'être dissipée par exemple.  It is therefore necessary to modify the orientation of the observation system so as to position the reticle R1 on the image of the point of impact. But the point of impact seen by the observer and his image on the screen may have moved or even disappeared; smoke at the point of impact may have dissipated for example.
Un troisième réticule R3 est affiché sur l'écran de manière symétrique au réticule R2 par rapport à R1 (plus précisément par rapport au centre de R1 ) ; ceci est montré figure 3b. Cet affichage peut être simultané de celui de R2 ou lui succéder. Il peut être réalisé par l'observateur mais il est de préférence assuré automatiquement par l'unité de traitement 3 du système d'observation qui compte les pixels entre R1 et R2, soit Δχ et Ay (= décalage vertical de R2 par rapport à R1 correspondant à un décalage en site).  A third reticle R3 is displayed on the screen symmetrically with the reticle R2 with respect to R1 (more precisely with respect to the center of R1); this is shown in Figure 3b. This display can be simultaneous with that of R2 or succeed him. It can be realized by the observer but it is preferably provided automatically by the processing unit 3 of the observation system which counts the pixels between R1 and R2, ie Δχ and Ay (= vertical shift of R2 with respect to R1 corresponding to an offset in site).
Comme montré figure 3c, l'observateur modifie alors l'orientation du système d'observation de manière à positionner le réticule R3 sur l'image de la cible 10, ce qui par construction amène le réticule R1 et donc l'axe de visée du télémètre sur l'image du point d'impact 1 1 . Ce faisant, le point d'impact devient la référence physique commune à l'observateur et aux pièces d'artillerie à la place du nord géographique. Il actionne ensuite le télémètre pour permettre la mesure de la distance D' entre le système d'observation et le point d'impact. Cette étape de télémétrie est éventuellement réitérée tant qu'aucun écho du point d'impact n'est détecté par le télémètre. Disposant par ailleurs de sa position, le système d'observation a alors toutes les données (position, décalage en orientation, distances D et D') pour déterminer l'écart entre la cible et le point d'impact du tir de réglage, avec la précision d'un système à goniomètre mais sans ce dernier. As shown in FIG. 3c, the observer then modifies the orientation of the observation system so as to position the reticle R3 on the image of the target 10, which by construction brings the reticle R1 and therefore the axis of view of the rangefinder on the image of the point of impact 1 1. In doing so, the point of impact becomes the physical reference common to the observer and the artillery pieces instead of the geographic north. It then activates the range finder to measure the distance D 'between the observation system and the point of impact. This telemetry step is possibly repeated as long as no echo of the point of impact is detected by the range finder. Also having its position, the observation system then has all the data (position, shift in orientation, distances D and D ') to determine the difference between the target and the point of impact of the adjustment shot, with the accuracy of a goniometer system but without the latter.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Procédé de détermination de corrections de tir d'artillerie sur une cible fixe au moyen d'un système d'observation optronique de position géographique fixe, apte à être orienté, et équipé d'un dispositif (5) de mesure de l'orientation de sa ligne de visée, d'un télémètre laser (4), de moyens (6) de positionnement du système, d'un écran de visualisation (1 ) muni d'un réticule fixe et harmonisé avec l'axe du télémètre, de moyens d'affichage et de déplacement d'un autre réticule sur l'écran, qui comporte l'étape suivante : A method for determining artillery fire corrections on a fixed target by means of an optronic position-oriented fixed geographical position observation system and equipped with a device (5) for measuring the orientation of its line of sight, a laser rangefinder (4), means (6) for positioning the system, a display screen (1) provided with a fixed reticle and harmonized with the axis of the range finder, means displaying and moving another reticle on the screen, which comprises the following step:
- orienter le système d'observation de manière à afficher le réticule central (R1 ) sur l'image de la cible (10) sur l'écran de visualisation (1 ) et calculer des coordonnées géographiques de la cible en fonction de la distance fournie par le télémètre, de l'orientation fournie par le dispositif de mesure de l'orientation et de la position du système optronique fournie par les moyens de positionnement, caractérisé en ce qu'un tir ayant eu lieu et l'impact de ce tir ne coïncidant pas avec la cible, il comporte les étapes suivantes :  - orienting the observation system so as to display the central reticle (R1) on the image of the target (10) on the display screen (1) and calculate geographic coordinates of the target according to the distance provided by the rangefinder, the orientation provided by the device for measuring the orientation and the position of the optronic system provided by the positioning means, characterized in that a shot having taken place and the impact of this shot not coinciding with the target, it comprises the following steps:
- l'orientation du système étant fixe :  - the orientation of the system being fixed:
o afficher sur l'écran de visualisation (1 ) un deuxième réticule (R2) sur l'image de l'impact (1 1 ) et mesurer sur l'écran de visualisation (1 ) le décalage entre les deux réticules (R1 , R2),  o display on the display screen (1) a second reticle (R2) on the image of the impact (1 1) and measure on the display screen (1) the offset between the two reticles (R1, R2 )
o afficher un troisième réticule (R3) sur l'écran de visualisation (1 ) en une position symétrique de celle du deuxième réticule (R2) par rapport au premier réticule (R1 ), displaying a third reticle (R3) on the display screen (1) at a position symmetrical to that of the second reticle (R2) relative to the first reticle (R1),
- orienter le système optronique pour positionner le troisième réticule (R3) sur l'image de la cible (10), le premier réticule (R1 ) coïncidant alors avec l'image du point d'impact, orienting the optronic system to position the third reticle (R3) on the image of the target (10), the first reticle (R1) then coinciding with the image of the point of impact,
- actionner le télémètre pour obtenir la distance entre le système et l'impact. Procédé de détermination des corrections de tir d'artillerie selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'affichage du deuxième et du troisième réticule (R2, R3) sont simultanés. - activate the rangefinder to obtain the distance between the system and the impact. Method for determining artillery fire corrections according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the display of the second and third reticles (R2, R3) are simultaneous.
Procédé de détermination des corrections de tir d'artillerie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de télémétrie est réitérée. Method for determining artillery fire corrections according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the telemetry step is repeated.
Procédé de détermination des corrections de tir d'artillerie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le champ de vue de l'écran de visualisation (1 ) pouvant varier, il comprend suite à l'étape d'extraction des coordonnées, une étape d'élargissement du champ de vue de l'écran de visualisation. Method for determining artillery fire corrections according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the field of view of the display screen (1) can vary, it comprises following the step of extracting the coordinates , a step of widening the field of view of the display screen.
Système d'observation optronique apte à être orienté et équipé d'un dispositif (5) de mesure de l'orientation de sa ligne de visée, d'un télémètre laser (4), de moyens (6) de positionnement du système, d'un écran de visualisation (1 ) muni d'un réticule fixe (R1 ) et harmonisé avec l'axe du télémètre, d'une interface utilisateur (7) et d'une unité de traitement (3), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'affichage et de déplacement de deux autres réticules (R2, R3) sur l'écran, et en ce que l'unité de traitement (3) comporte des moyens de mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes. Optronic observing system capable of being oriented and equipped with a device (5) for measuring the orientation of its line of sight, a laser range finder (4), means (6) for positioning the system, d a display screen (1) provided with a fixed reticle (R1) and harmonized with the axis of the range finder, a user interface (7) and a processing unit (3), characterized in that it comprises means for displaying and moving two other reticles (R2, R3) on the screen, and in that the processing unit (3) comprises means for implementing the method according to one of the preceding claims.
EP13715705.3A 2012-04-20 2013-04-15 Method for determining corrections for artillery fire Active EP2839235B1 (en)

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US9250037B2 (en) 2016-02-02
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