EP2836649A1 - A method for making a gabion, a mold for this purpose and a gabion - Google Patents
A method for making a gabion, a mold for this purpose and a gabionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2836649A1 EP2836649A1 EP13763560.3A EP13763560A EP2836649A1 EP 2836649 A1 EP2836649 A1 EP 2836649A1 EP 13763560 A EP13763560 A EP 13763560A EP 2836649 A1 EP2836649 A1 EP 2836649A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gabion
- mold
- mesh
- wires
- filled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0208—Gabions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/08—Structures of loose stones with or without piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for making and filling gabions, a mold for this purpose and a resulting gabion.
- gabions When reference is made to gabions, what is explicitly meant is a basket made from metal wire, to be filled with crushed stone, the kind of which is commonly used for making walls, earthwork, noise barriers and similar structures, for example to support the soil in various slopes or to prevent e.g. traffic noise along roads. Gabions can be stacked on top of each other to form fairly tall structures.
- gabions are assembled from metallic wire mesh and filled with suitable material by hand. It is possible to manually assemble stones or similar filler pieces in a desired manner and the end result is aesthetic. However, manual filling is possible only in very rare circumstances, because the work is slow and the end result is very expensive. In some special cases this is, however, acceptable.
- mesh gabions are brought to the final location and are filled on site usually using an excavator; material is taken into the bucket of the excavator and is then dropped into the gabion.
- the gabion may be filled in the vicinity of the location, from where the filled gabion is lifted into position.
- the present invention aims at providing a method and an apparatus, with the aid of which gabions are provided, whose surface remaining visible is very aesthetic and
- the invention comprises a method for making a gabion consisting of metal wire / mesh and filled with crushed stone or a similar material, by using a mold.
- the walls of the gabion are assembled into the mold so that the wires / mesh of the visible surface of the structure made from the baskets abuts the substantially closed bottom surface of the mold.
- the mold is filled with a desired material to the desired extent and the open side of the gabion is closed using surface wires / mesh / plate, after which the gabion is transported in the mold to an installation site and is installed.
- the substantially closed bottom of the mold is provided with grooves that align with the wires of mesh-like structure forming the facade surface of the gabion, for countersinking the wires to the surface level or below it.
- the gabion is filled while its prospective facade surface is facing downwards, and is turned at the installation site so that the facade surface is in the desired position, usually vertical.
- a non-woven fabric layer is added between the contents of the gabion and the wires / mesh forming its walls.
- the invention comprises a mold for use during the preparing, filling and transfer of gabions, comprising a base and side walls. At least part of the walls of the mold consists of tab-shaped wall parts which are located at a distance from each other. According to one embodiment, the mold has a substantially closed bottom and walls consisting of tabs.
- in the bottom of the mold are grooves substantially according to the wire / mesh shape of the gabion for receiving said wires / mesh.
- the mold has means for engaging standard tractor / excavator-operated fastening means.
- the invention comprises a gabion to be filled with crushed stone or a similar material to be used for making retaining walls and the like, and consisting of metal wires / mesh.
- the side of the filled gabion which is to be left visible is formed of one or more metal wire mesh sections, the sides are formed of metal wires attached to said sections and the cover is formed of a mesh-like or a plate-like part, and fixing of said part is to be carried out with the aid of said wires.
- the side of the filled gabion remaining visible consists of two parallel metal wire mesh sections fixed to each other.
- the wires of the gabion side walls form a clearly coarser structure than the wire structure of the side of the gabion remaining visible.
- the filled gabion has a layer of non-woven fabric at least under its cover wires / mesh.
- Figure 2 shows the mold according to figure 1 , in which has been outlined at least part of the wires / mesh of which a gabion is formed;
- Figure 3 shows wires / mesh of a gabion outlined without a mold
- Figure 4 in turn shows an exemplary part of the mesh structure of the facade side of a gabion, seen from an oblique direction and also a cross-section of said structure.
- FIG 1 is thus shown a mold 1 , by the use of which a method according to the invention may be carried out in a feasible manner.
- the mold 1 includes a bottom 2 and four walls 3- 6.
- the manufacturing material is selected as appropriate, but in particular it is metal.
- suitable means 7 To this mold 1 has been fixed suitable means 7, with the help of which the mold can be moved by means of standard machines as, for example, a tractor, an excavator or the like.
- suitable machines as, for example, a tractor, an excavator or the like.
- the walls 3-6 are by no means closed walls, but mainly created from suitable strip-formed tabs 8.
- the tab form is proper for the reason that between the tabs 8, free space is provided through which certain operations can be carried out, and in particular, as later described, the tab form is advantageous when the filled gabion is set in place.
- the walls of the mold may also be closed on three sides, but for practical reasons the wall which at the final installation site of the gabion represents the bottom side has to be partly open.
- the tab form facilitates various functions, which the present invention describes.
- the bottom 2 of the mold 1 is closed, but cross-grooved 9. The grooves running in one direction are deeper than the intersecting grooves.
- Figure 4 shows a basic element 10 of the gabion according to the invention, which might be described as a trough-like steel mesh structure.
- the element consists of a sufficient number of longitudinal wires 11 in the base region and also a sufficient number of longitudinal wires 12 in the side region.
- the sides 15 are folded substantially at right angle relative to the bottom. Also, at least one end is similarly bent at right angle relative to the bottom. As one might expect, the division of the wires of the element 10 corresponds to the division of the bottom grooves 9 of the mold.
- one or more, usually two such elements 10 are used in parallel to form a structure having the width and length of the mold, covering the bottom of the mold substantially completely and the wires of which structure are neatly received in the grooves 9 of the bottom 2 of the mold 1.
- Figures 2 and 3 show an extension of the network structure.
- Reference numeral 13 denotes the individual steel wires, which are attached to the sides of the elements 10, 10 to rise substanJia]ly_p ⁇ p_e_ndic.ularlyJrom hem
- the wires 13 are adjusted to an adequate density, but in the method according to the invention described in the following, there is no need for a very dense distribution.
- the wires 13 are thus situated along the sides of the mold, but also in the connecting area of the elements 10, 10 in the middle of the mold. As seen from the figure 2, the wires 13 are preferably located in the area of the free space between tabs 8.
- the gabion according to figure 3 is thus prepared inside of the mold .
- the cover mesh marked with reference numeral 14 is fixed into place only when the gabion has become sufficiently filled.
- the facade surface of the gabion as filled and transported to the installation site is shaped against the bottom of the mold 1.
- the mold 1 is rotated to the position in which the bottom is the actual bottom and the mold / gabion is open upwards.
- the filling with crushed stone or similar material is performed on a vibrating table. A sufficient amount of filling material is scooped into the mold, vibrating at the same time. During the filling, the material compacts and settles. Since the base of the mold is smooth and closed and prevents edges of the material from being pushed out of the mesh, the vibrated material forms a really smooth and aesthetic surface compared to conventionally made gabions.
- the cover mesh 4 which can also be clearly sparser than the bottom mesh, is tied by means of wires 13, whose upper ends are tightly folded over the cover mesh. The package is now complete.
- the finished gabion with the mold is transferred to the installation site and positioned on a foundation or on a previous gabion as follows.
- the structure as a whole, being supported by an excavator or a corresponding jib is turned to a position in which the mold base is in the direction which will be visible, that is perpendicular to the filling position. Since the positioning can be carried out with an accuracy of a few millimeters laterally against the end of the previous gabion, the installation becomes precise.
- the mold is therefore set tightly against the side wall of the previous gabion on the foundation or on top of an existing gabion, and the mold is pulled out away from the facade surface so that the gabion remains in place.
- the gabion In the method according to the invention and by using the gabion according to the invention, a significant amount of mesh / wires can be saved. Because the gabion is supported in the mold all the time, there is no need to provide support by using a dense wire structure, but a sparser will suffice. Indeed, as has been clearly set forth above, in the bottom from which the facade surface of the finished structure is formed, the mesh is denser.
- the cover mesh 14 may also be sparse, since from this side the gabion is normally supported by earthwork after the installation.
- Still another saving comes from the fact that when desired it is possible to leave the end of a gabion that will form an extension of a previous gabion to be supported practically only by the mold, since support is provided through the end of the previous gabion.
- the facade surface which has been vibrated and prepared against a flat surface is aesthetically very impressive. This is due to the fact that the filling material settles against the flat surface to form an equally smooth surface, which is elegant and neat compared to current gabions.
- cover mesh 14 is to use a plate-shaped surface material to close the gabion. This can be used as required to achieve benefits such as visual appearance by leaving the plate surface visible (forming the back surface of the wall). On the other hand, the plate material also adds stability to the gabion.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20125324A FI124599B (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2012-03-22 | Process for the manufacture of a steel wire basket for stones and their shape |
PCT/FI2013/050320 WO2013140045A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2013-03-21 | A method for making a gabion, a mold for this purpose and a gabion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2836649A1 true EP2836649A1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
EP2836649A4 EP2836649A4 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
Family
ID=49221908
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13763560.3A Withdrawn EP2836649A4 (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2013-03-21 | A method for making a gabion, a mold for this purpose and a gabion |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2836649A4 (en) |
FI (1) | FI124599B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013140045A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN217517489U (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-09-30 | 中建三局第三建设工程有限责任公司 | Die for preparing gabion |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58189425A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-11-05 | Kiyoshi Yamamoto | Soil board |
JP4112790B2 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2008-07-02 | 英二 安田 | Forming means for forming futon ridges and construction method using the same |
DE10111670A1 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-12 | Thomas Rothfuss | Device, in particular wire basket for use as slope protection and / or for receiving goods such as earth, stones, recycling material or the like |
FI20100039A0 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Suunnittelupuu Oy | Material basket filling and transfer method |
-
2012
- 2012-03-22 FI FI20125324A patent/FI124599B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2013
- 2013-03-21 WO PCT/FI2013/050320 patent/WO2013140045A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-21 EP EP13763560.3A patent/EP2836649A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI20125324A (en) | 2013-09-23 |
WO2013140045A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
EP2836649A4 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
FI124599B (en) | 2014-10-31 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20141007 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RA4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched (corrected) |
Effective date: 20151103 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: E02D 29/02 20060101AFI20151028BHEP |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20160531 |