EP2830464B1 - Active dynamic stool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an active dynamic chair according to claim 1. The invention particularly relates to an active dynamic seating device with a seat part for swinging and moving from a rest position to a deflected position, wherein also movement forms of a combination and / or superposition of elliptical movements and pendulum movements are performed can. When swinging and moving the seat from its rest position, the relative change in inclination of the seat part is influenced by the specific formation of a spatial joint system.

Movable or active-dynamic chairs differ from static chairs in that the chair user sitting on the chair can thereby perform movements of the trunk and the body together with the seat part, which is not possible with static chairs.

Human physiology also prefers dynamic movements while sitting against static calm. Chairs that carry the weight of the legs at the same time should not only allow a dynamic movement, but also provide the seat occupant with ergonomic support.

Seating furniture is equipped in most cases with appropriately designed seating surfaces and backrests in an anatomically most favorable position, so that the body, in particular the back, is supported. Such seating furniture is often perceived as comfortable, but has the significant disadvantage that the body is only passive, i. E. the back muscles are hardly stressed and the discs experience a permanent pressure load. With prolonged use of these seating devices, this can lead to degeneration of the back muscles and wear of the intervertebral discs. Health damage and pain in the back and hip area are a frequent consequence of static or passive sitting.

For this reason, active-dynamic seating devices have been developed that allow for so-called active dynamic sitting in which the back muscles and discs are always in easy action. This active dynamic sitting position is achieved in virtually all cases in that the actual seat of the seat device is held in an unstable position and can be reciprocated by the seat occupant from a rest position to a laterally deflected position.

Such an active dynamic pendulum chair is for example from the DE 42 44 657 02 known. Herein is described a generic seat device, which consists of a foot part, an intermediate piece connected to the foot part and a rigidly connected to the spacer seat part, wherein the intermediate piece is held by means of an elastically deformable connecting element in an opening of the foot part in each lateral direction tilted and in unloaded state is returned to its neutral position (rest position).

In the EP 0 808 116 B1 a pendulum bearing is described, which is arranged between the column and the foot part. The pendulum bearing is designed as a vibrating metal and consists of a substantially tubular upper part, the upper end of which serves for the spline connection, a lower part which is fixedly secured to an arm of the foot part and an upper part and lower part arranged elastic material. The self-aligning bearing allows a swinging of the seat part.

That's how it shows US 5921926 an active-dynamic pendulum chair, which is also based on the principle of an inverted pendulum. Such chairs have a defined path of movement and a structural return mechanism, which at the same time have a protective device to prevent the chair from tipping over. However, the seat tilts during a pendulum movement to the rearward of the horizontal position in a direction away from the body center inclined position.

Such pendulum chairs allow the back and forth of the seat from the non-deflected starting position in different deflected positions, whereby the seat tilts from its horizontal position in an inclined inclination. The tilt angle depends on the direction of the deflection and the degree of deflection. For example, the seat tilts in a pendulum chair in which the horizontally mounted seat is firmly connected to a reciprocating pendulum column, with increasing deflection of the column from its horizontal position to a significant angle.

In the case of the pendulum chairs known in the prior art, the degree of inclination of the seat follows exclusively as a function of the deflection angle during the pendulum movement. In the rest position, the seat usually has no inclination, but the (idealized) seat is aligned parallel to the floor surface. If the seat is now deflected from its rest position into any inclined position, so the seat tilts accordingly, since the seat is rigidly connected to the pendulum support. The greater the angle of the pendulum movement, the stronger the inclination of the seat. In this case, the seat tilts when moving back and forth from its rest position to its deflected position, so that when moving in relation to the rest position each further outward area of the seat is lowered relative to the more inward area. For example, the seat occupant comes in a supine position with pendulum movements backwards, which is not pleasant for every seat occupant. If the pendulum movements are too large, it could also happen that the seat occupant loses his balance. Depending on the different needs of chair users, there is therefore a need for pendulum chairs with different, preferably adjustable inclination change. In particular, there are seat occupants who prefer an exactly opposite slope change when commuting to the outside.

Furthermore, with the pendulum chairs known in the prior art, only pendulum movements can be performed around a pendulum bearing close to the ground.

However, in dynamic movements of a seated person, it is desirable that the latter also move the entire body, including its torso, in a "hula hoop" motion, with both "as such" and "lateral" (ie, horizontal) deflections Translational movements) can perform with the pelvis to compensate for the weight transfers of the upper areas such as arms and head and to move.

Based on the prior art, the present invention therefore has the object to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide an active dynamic chair, in which the seat user can perform safe and varied movements of the seat part throughout the movement space. Advantageously, it should also horizontal translational movements of the seating area be made possible by the chair user and the change of the seat tilt according to the ergonomic needs of the seat occupant done.

1. a) Es sollen kontrollierbare horizontale Pendel-, Translations- und/oder Rotationsbewegungen des Beckens eines Sitznutzers möglich sein, bei denen der Sitz während der Bewegungen in eine definierte Schrägstellung geführt wird;
2. b) Der Stuhl soll einen ergonomischen Bewegungsablauf gewährleisten;
3. c) Der Stuhl soll einen Rückstellmechanismus oder einen Federmechanismus zum Zurückkehren zu seiner Ausgangslage (Ruheposition) aufweisen;
4. d) Es soll sich die Sitzneigung in der Ruheposition individuell anpassen lassen.

Other sibling tasks include:

1. a) Controllable horizontal pendulum, translational and / or rotational movements of the pelvis of a seat occupant should be possible, in which the seat is guided during the movements in a defined inclination;
2. b) The chair should ensure an ergonomic movement;
3. c) The chair should have a return mechanism or a spring mechanism for returning to its initial position (rest position);
4. d) It should allow the seat tilt in the rest position individually.

This object is achieved by the measures described in the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the respective dependent claims.

Furthermore, the entire contents of the German patent application with the number DE102013102034.8 incorporated by reference into the present application.

The basic idea of the present invention lies in the suitable attachment and arrangement of a spatial (flexible) joint system, preferably formed from articulated quadrilateral corners.

In this case, a spatial joint system of at least three legs is provided with foot parts at its lower end, wherein the legs each mounted at its upper end to seat part side connecting joints on the seat part movable are such that pendulum and circular movements (and preferably also torsional movements) of the seat part with respect to its non-deflected rest position are executable.

In a preferred embodiment, at least three four-bar linkages are formed, wherein each four-bar linkage of two immediately adjacent legs, the seat part and the bottom surface is formed and its "coupling length" by the distance between the legs on the seat part and the frame length by the distance of the legs the floor surface is defined. The realization of the joint systems can therefore be described equivalently according to the principle of the four-bar linkages. Thus, the realization of the spatial joint system either by means of several movable chair legs, especially pendulum legs (hereinafter referred to briefly: legs) take place on the seat part. The legs are in this embodiment at their (upper) connecting ends not rigid, but movably connected by means of a movable (preferably elastic) connecting joint with the seat part, so that spatial pendulum and circular movements and preferably also torsional movements of each leg connected to the seat part possible are. Preferably, three or four legs are each connected to the seat part of the chair with the same or similar connection joints. But it can also be used more than four legs.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the spatial (flexible) joint system can also be realized by means of flexible, elastically deformable legs, which are fastened to rigid fastening elements on the seat part.

According to the invention, therefore, an actively dynamic chair is provided in its most general form, comprising: a seat part and a spatial articulation system of at least three legs with foot parts on its lower part End, wherein the legs are each movably mounted at its upper end to the seat part side connecting joints on the seat part, such that pendulum and circular movements of the seat part with respect to its non-deflected rest position are executable.

In such an embodiment, the positions of the connecting joints span a common seat part plane, whereby the relative inclination of the seat part can be defined. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the legs are arranged symmetrically and the relative inclination of the seat part extends in a parallel plane to the floor surface (on which the chair stands). In its undeflected rest position of the seat, the relative inclination of the seat surface is defined by the two polar angles (θ ₁ , θ ₂ ) of the normal offset by the azimuth angle of 90 ° on the seat part plane explained above. If the seat part plane is oriented parallel to the floor surface, both angles are 0 °.

In an advantageous embodiment, the active-dynamic chair is designed such that each of the connecting joints is designed as a joint, which enables pendulum and circular movements of the leg connected thereto. In other words, movements can be executed by a polar angle θ at different azimuth angles Φ with respect to the seat part plane. It is particularly advantageous to form the joints as elastic joints, so as to obtain a high mobility in various (spatial) deflection directions. More preferably, it is to provide a joint with an elastically deformable joint body, which provides an integrated return mechanism due to the elasticity. In this way, the legs are mechanically coupled to one another via the common seat part. Each two pairs of legs can then be considered via the coupling with the seat as a four-bar linkage, wherein the feet of the legs are supported at defined points on the ground.

It is preferred if each of the connecting joints is designed as such a joint, which allows a pendulum and circular movement of the connected to the respective connecting joint leg relative to the seat part plane and preferably such that the seat part can be deflected in a variety of different positions that through describe a bevy of movement curves.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inclination of the seat part plane of the seat part changes with movements of the seat part from the rest position into a deflected position such that the area of the seat lying further out when movements are carried out is raised or lowered relative to the area lying further inside becomes.

By a desired presetting of the inclination of the seat surface of the seat part relative to the inclination of the seat part plane, therefore, the inclination change of the seat can be adjusted by the leg length of the legs and their relative orientation is formed accordingly.

A sequence of movements with a seat part plane "erecting" when it is deflected backwards can be realized by, for example, the legs not being aligned parallel to one another, but the foot points of two legs being further spaced from one another, compared to the upper connection points at the joints. In this way, a four-bar linkage is formed from two legs with the seat part and the bottom surface, the coupling (seat part) is shorter than the frame (bottom surface). It is preferred that in each case adjacent legs, the distance between their upper connecting ends in the seat part level is less than the ground-level distance of the respective leg ends between their foot parts. The foot parts can also be connected on a common foot plate or a common ring element by means of connecting joints whose movement degrees of freedom are identical to the connecting joints on the seat part. Especially preferred is an embodiment in which the inclination of the legs on the base plate and / or on the seat part is changeable. This can be done by providing position adjustable joints. The foot parts can also be directly on the bottom surface in an alternative embodiment, where they are optionally additionally equipped with a non-slip end piece (to prevent slipping) or the like.

Alternatively, by a parallel preferably vertical alignment of equal legs also a movement can be achieved, in which the inclination of the seat part level does not change when moving the seat part, but the seat part plane is aligned parallel to the bottom surface and only lowered. For legs of equal length, a symmetrical four-bar linkage of two legs each with the seat part and the bottom surface is formed. A well-known from the transmission gearing four-bar linkage usually consists of a coupling, a frame and two links. That is, transferred to the articulated spatial quadrilaterals according to the present invention, the seat part of the chair can be regarded as a "paddock" and the floor surface as a "frame", while the legs are to be considered as connecting links.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the joint system is further equipped with a resilient return mechanism, so that the deflected seat part is automatically returned to its rest position.

Advantageously, the return mechanism is integrated in the connecting joints. It is therefore particularly advantageous to form the joints as elastic (elastically deformable) joints, which generate a restoring force during a deflection, when the chair leg is guided from its rest position into a deflected position. For example, the joints can be formed as elastic rubber joints, which are elastically deformed when moving the legs and thus generate a restoring force. Alternatively, the "flexible" joint system can also be realized by means of elastic legs.

Fig. 1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen aktivdynamischen Stuhls;

Fig. 2

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen aktivdynamischen Stuhls;

Fig. 3

zeigt vier schematische Abbildungen bei der Benutzung eines Stuhles mit drei Beinen ähnlich der Fig.1;

Fig. 4a, 4b

Ansichten eines vereinfachten Modells zweier Stuhlbeine eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls in unterschiedlichen Positionen;

Fig. 4c

Ansichten eines vereinfachten Modells zweier Stuhlbeine eines Stuhls in unterschiedlichen Positionen bei dem sich die Sitzfläche nach Außen neigt;

Fig. 4d-4f

Ansichten eines vereinfachten Modells zweier Stuhlbeine eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls in unterschiedlichen Positionen;

Fig. 5

mehrere Ansichten und Positionen eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls mit drei Beinen;

Fig. 5a

mehrere Ansichten und Positionen eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls mit drei Beinen ähnlich der Figur 5;

Fig. 6

mehrere Ansichten und Positionen eines alternativen Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls mit drei Beinen;

Fig. 7

mehrere Ansichten und Positionen eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls mit drei Beinen;

Fig. 8a-8c

mehrere alternative Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls;

Fig. 9a-9b

zwei weitere alternative Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls;

Fig.10

eine Ansicht einer Fußplatte und eines Sitzteils mit verstellbaren Gelenken in jeweils der Aufsicht bzw. Unteransicht;

Fig. 11

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Stuhls mit drei Beinen in einer zentralen Säule und

Fig. 12

ein mittels eines verstellbaren Gelenks in der Neigung einstellbares Stuhlbein.

There are further possibilities to design and develop the teaching of the present invention in an advantageous manner. For this purpose, reference is made on the one hand to the subordinate claims in the independent claims and to the subsequent explanations of preferred embodiments of the invention. In connection with the explanation of the preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings, also generally preferred embodiments and developments are explained. In the drawings shows:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of an active dynamic chair according to the invention;

Fig. 2

A second embodiment of an active dynamic chair according to the invention;

Fig. 3

shows four schematic illustrations when using a chair with three legs similar to the Fig.1 ;

Fig. 4a, 4b

Views of a simplified model of two chair legs of a chair according to the invention in different positions;

Fig. 4c

Views of a simplified model of two chair legs of a chair in different positions in which the seat tilts to the outside;

Fig. 4d-4f

Views of a simplified model of two chair legs of a chair according to the invention in different positions;

Fig. 5

several views and positions of an embodiment of a chair according to the invention with three legs;

Fig. 5a

several views and positions of an embodiment of a chair according to the invention with three legs similar to the FIG. 5 ;

Fig. 6

several views and positions of an alternative embodiment of a chair according to the invention with three legs;

Fig. 7

several views and positions of another embodiment of a chair according to the invention with three legs;

Fig. 8a-8c

several alternative embodiments of a chair according to the invention;

Fig. 9a-9b

two further alternative embodiments of a chair according to the invention;

Figure 10

a view of a base plate and a seat part with adjustable joints in each of the top view and bottom view;

Fig. 11

a further embodiment of a chair according to the invention with three legs in a central column and

Fig. 12

an adjustable by means of an adjustable joint in the inclination chair leg.

In the Fig. 1 and 2 Two exemplary embodiments of an active-dynamic chair 1 according to the invention with a spatial articulation system 100 are shown. The chair 1 in Fig. 1 Here is a stool and includes a seat part 2 and three elastic legs 3 with foot parts 4, which are each connected by means of a rigid fastener 5 'with the seat part 2 such that the seat part. 2 can be moved from its undeflected rest position in a deflected position back and forth, as shown in the views in Fig. 3 is shown schematically. The upper distance D ₁ between two immediately adjacent legs 3 in the seat part plane E spanned by the fastening elements 5 'is smaller than the (ground-level) distance D ₂ between the respective foot parts 4 Fig. 2 four elastic connecting joints 5 were connected to rigid legs 3.

A person 40 may include the in Fig. 3 Perform movements on the chair shown. In the upper right and the lower left view, the chair 1 is in its rest position, which the chair 1 then has when it is not deflected. In a lateral swinging back and forth as well as in a forward and backward swing, the inclination of the seat part plane E changes, as in the lower right and left upper view of the Fig. 3 is indicated.

In the Fig. 5 , the seat part 2 is shown in the second figure from above in the plan view and the positions of the connecting joints 5 are only indicated for the representation of the positions. The seat part 2 can perform pendulum and circular movements and thus be deflected at different azimuth angle Φ. Exemplary deflections are shown with the arrows in the direction of arrow A, V, R, S in each case away from the center Z to the outside. As the center Z, the central area between the joints 5 on the seat part 2 is defined. In this case, the region of the seat part 2, which is in each case displaced outwardly from the center Z when moving in an arrow direction (here in the direction of the arrow R), is referred to as the outside area 2a, while the area of the seat part 2 opposite the center Z is referred to as the inside one Area 2i is called.

In a movement to the rear (backward) in the direction of the arrow R, as well as in the lower right view of Fig. 3 shown, the seat part level E in the outer area (2a) raised while the inner area (2i) is lowered, whereby the seat part plane tilts toward the center Z out, as determined by the inclination of the normal vector N of the seat part plane E in Fig. 4a is shown. The arrow represents the normal vector N of the plane E.

In the resting position of the chair (in the Fig. 4a - 4c each middle figure), the seat part plane E is aligned parallel to the bottom surface F and is the normal vector N vertically upwards. Figures 4a-4f show different movement positions of chairs in a simplified model reflecting the previously described model of four-bar linkages from the articulation system. For reasons of better representability only two chair legs 3 are considered in the side view, which are movably connected to the seat part 2 at its upper end via joints 5, while the lower leg ends of the legs 3 are on the bottom surface F at different distances D ₂ . The distance D _{1 of} the legs 3 between the joints 5 in the intersection region of the plane E is different in the illustrations 4a-4f, so that the principle according to the invention can be easily illustrated thereon.

In the Fig. 4a a model of a four-bar linkage 20 of a chair 1 according to the invention is shown. The distance D ₂ (defined as in Fig.1 and Fig.4d ) of the foot parts 4 of two adjacent legs 3 on the bottom surface F is greater than the distance D ₁ (defined as in FIG Fig.1 and Fig.4d ) of the legs 3 between the joints 5 in the intersection of the plane E.

If the chair 1 from the rest position in the right figure of the 4a shown reserve position deflected (as in the lower right view of Figure 3 ), the seat part plane E leans toward the left toward the center, and the area 2a of the seat part 2, which is further outward in the direction of movement R, is raised, while the further inner area 2i is lowered in height relative to the floor surface F. This results from the fact that the leg ends at the joints 5 along circular paths in a clockwise direction are located in different sections on the circular path. The right (outer) leg 3 moves with its upper hinge 5 in an "upward movement" in a range between the 9 o'clock position in the direction of the 12 o'clock position. The left leg 3 moves with its hinge 5 along a circular "downward movement" in a circle between the 12 o'clock position and the 3 o'clock position. This movement curve is caused in this embodiment by the further distance D _{2 of} the legs 3 between the foot parts 4 with respect to the distance D _{1 of} the legs 3 between the joints 5. The legs 3 can also be mounted on a foot plate 8 movable joints 5.

Alternatively, different leg lengths can be used, since the leg ends are moved with the joints 5 along different circular paths and thereby also changes the inclination of the seat part.

In a movement of the seat part 2 in the opposite direction V to the front (upper left illustration of Fig. 4a ) the movement is exactly the opposite.

In the Fig. 4b a model of a four-bar linkage 20 of a chair 1 is shown in which the inclination of the seat part 2 remains constant. This results from the vertical symmetrical position of the legs and the identical upper and lower spacing of the legs 3. This results in a displacement of the seat part 2 is achieved in which the seat part plane E in a movement in a left and right as shown 4b moved down. In this way it can be prevented that results in a movement of the seat part 2, a change in the seat angle. The in the pictures of the 4c shown oscillating movement between the left and right view corresponds to the pendulum motion of a pendulum chair in which the distance D _{2 of} the chair legs 3 at the bottom is less than the distance D ₁ above in the area at the connecting joints 5. This will tilt the seat to the outside (as through the normal vector N indicated) causes.

The Fig. 4d to 4f show other forms of movement of chair models similar to the designs of Fig. 4a to 4c , Like reference numerals indicate like features. The four-bar linkages shown here are moved with their coupling 22 (which corresponds to the seat part 2). The vertical projection of the coupling 22 on the bottom surface F is represented by the projection line 21.

It can be seen that in the illustrated positions of the legs 3 with a greater lower distance in the foot area on the foot parts 4, the seat inclination (as described in more detail above) tends towards the center. In this case, the seat part plane E is raised in the outer region 2a, while the inner region 2i is lowered, whereby the seat part 2 tilts toward the center.

Figure 5 shows several positions in the movement of a chair 1 according to the invention with a seat part 2. In the Fig. 5a is a movement indicated schematically, which is comparable to the execution Fig. 5 is. In the upper picture of the Figure 5 the chair 1 is shown in its rest position and communicates with the three legs 3 with its foot parts 4 on the bottom surface F. The legs 3 are each further spaced in pairs in the area of the foot parts 4 as in the seat part plane E in which the connecting joints 5 are arranged. In this embodiment, the connecting joints 5 form receptacles for the ends of the legs 3. The legs 3 each extend inclined to the vertical from the ground to the connecting joint 5 to the center Z out. In the further pictures of the Figure 5 and 5a a movement of the seat part 2 is shown in the direction of R to the rear or V forward, while only the two front legs 3 are shown in side view, while the rear left leg 3 is covered. The seat part plane E is raised with its movement in the direction R with its outer seat portion 2a. In the lower view is indicated by a dashed line, the change in the inclination of the seat part plane E in movements in the forward direction V and reverse direction R. This curve of the change in the inclination of the seat part plane shows in this embodiment a concave profile.

However, the inclination of the seat part plane E of the chair 1 follows Fig. 5 and 5a also in the case of lateral movements, for example in the direction S or other directions A according to the movement pattern described above.

The Fig. 6 shows several positions of a chair 1, in which a different orientation of the joints 5 and the legs 3 is given in the rest position and the legs 3 in particular in the foot parts 4 have a smaller distance than in the region of the joints 5. This results in a movement pattern as in the pictures below Fig. 6 indicated in which the seat part plane E tilts outwards from the center Z. In the lower view is indicated by a dashed line, the change of the inclination of the seat part plane E in movements in the forward direction V and reverse direction R. This curve shows a convex course.

The Fig. 7 shows several positions of a chair 1, in which a parallel orientation of the legs 3 is given and the legs 3 therefore have an identical distance in the region of the foot parts 4 as in the region of the elastic connecting joints 5. This results in a movement pattern, as in the lower figures of the Fig. 7 is indicated, wherein the seat part level E remains aligned parallel to the ground during movements, but is lowered in its altitude. The upper views show two different orientations of the chair 1. By means of the dashed line, the inclination of the seat part plane E is simulated in movements in the forward direction V and backward direction R. This curve shows a straight line, which means that the relative inclination does not change in the movements shown.

In the pictures of the FIGS. 8a to 9b are exemplary alternative embodiments of a chair 1 according to the invention with a seat part 2 and a annular footrest 8 shown. The legs 3 are in the Figures 8a, 8b and 9a and 9b at its upper end with the connecting joints 5 (similar to the previously described embodiments) hingedly connected to the seat part 2. In the Fig. 8a, 8b . 9a and 9b the foot parts 4 are also formed as connecting joints 5 or pivotally connected to joints 5. The design of the ground-level connecting joints 5 is such that the movement of the legs 3 is not hindered. In the present case elastic joints 5 are shown.

In the Fig. 8a, 8b and 9b Furthermore, the legs 3 are elastic, while the legs 3 in the Fig. 9a are designed to be rigid, but via telescopic devices 9 telescopic and thus adjustable in length. In this way, the inclination of the seat part level E can be preset or changed.

The Fig. 8c shows a special embodiment in which a resilient swing arm 11 carries the seat part 2 and at its lower (bottom) end three vertically oriented legs 3 extend upwards in the direction of the seat part 2 and there are connected to a further spring arm 11 with a footrest 8. Each spring 11 forms a holding plate with connecting joints 5, on which the legs 3 are articulated.

In a further preferred embodiment, the connecting joints 5 are adjustable, preferably radially displaceable or changeable in the position provided on the seat part 2 and / or the foot plate 8.

In Figure 10 is a plan view of a foot plate 8 is shown, in which the foot plate 8 is provided with adjusting elements 30. In the present embodiment, the adjusting elements 30 are formed as rails 30, along which the joints 5 are reciprocable and by means of a fastening device 31, such as a locking lever with an eccentric, on the rail 30 in position can be fixed. In this way, the inclination of the legs 3 and thus the ground-level distance of the legs 3 can be varied. Especially preferred It is also possible to vary the inclination of the connecting joints 5. This is exemplified in the figures of Fig. 12 shown where a "in itself" elastic joint 5 is mounted in its inclination adjustable in a socket on the seat part 2 and by means of a locking means 5a (eg a locking screw or eccentric) in its set position can be fixed. In this way, the inclination of the legs is adjustable for the seat occupant.

In the Fig. 10 Furthermore, a bottom view of a seat part 2 with corresponding rails 30 for moving the joints 5 is shown. Such a seat part 2 can be combined with a foot part 8 as described above, so that a variety of adjustment possibilities of the joints 5 and thus the orientation and relative distances of the legs 3 result.

In this way, the chair user can adjust the desired seat inclination and inclination change individually.

In Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of a chair 1 according to the invention with a spatial hinge system 100 of three legs 3, which form a three-part column 50. The mode of action and connection with the foot part 8 and the seat part 2 is realized analogously to the above-described Ausführu conditions by means of connecting joints 5.

Combinations of the aforementioned embodiments and individual features are included and should be individually claimable, as well as alternative embodiments that are not mentioned explicitly. For example, instead of the rails 30, individual receiving positions can be provided on the foot part 8 and / or on the seat part 2 in order to be able to make defined settings. Advantageously, these are lockable, adjustable in inclination and individually adjustable. Furthermore, it can be provided that the legs 3 in their inclination to each other by an adjusting mechanism in a plane radially to the center in the inclination are adjustable and lockable. Especially It is advantageous if the adjusting mechanism has a stop, preferably in one direction to the front and to the rear or to the inside and to the outside.

Claims (12)

1. Active-dynamic chair (1), comprising the following:

   - a seat part (2),

   - a three-dimensional linkage system (100) consisting of at least three legs (3) with foot parts (4) at their lower ends, wherein the legs (3) in each case at their upper ends are mounted movably on the seat part (2) on connecting articulations (5) which are on the seat-part side, such that rocking and circular movements of the seat part (2) can be performed with respect to its non-deflected home position.
2. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the three-dimensional linkage system (100) is formed at least of three four-bar linkages (20) consisting of in each case two directly adjacent legs (3) and the seat part (2).
3. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the connecting articulations (5) are formed as elastically deformable articulation bodies which permit three-dimensional rocking and circular movements and also torsional movements of the leg (3) which is connected thereto in each case relative to the seat part (2).
4. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that further a restoring mechanism (10) is provided in order to return the deflected seat part (2) automatically into its home position.
5. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the restoring mechanism (10) is integrated in the connecting articulations (5), preferably by using elastically deformable articulations (5) which upon deflection of the legs (3) are elastically deformed and thus generate a restoring force.
6. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chair (1) further has a footplate (8) and the legs (3) are mounted fixedly or movably on the footplate (8) with their foot parts (4),
7. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that the legs (3) are mounted movably on the footplate (8) by means of connecting articulations (5),
8. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the connecting articulations (5) which are on the seat-part side are arranged in a common seat-part plane (E) on the underside of the seat part (2) which defines the inclination of the seat part (2).
9. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the non-deflected state of the seat part (2) the foot parts (4) are arranged either further to the outside or further to the inside or vertically beneath the connecting articulations (5).
10. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inclination of the seat part (2) changes upon move ments of the seat part (2) out of the home position into a deflected position, the desired change in inclination of the seat-part plane (E) of the seat part (2) being able to be set by changing the length of the legs (3) and by their orientation and inclination relative to one another.
11. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the distance between at least two, preferably all, of the articulations (5) arranged on the seat part (2) and/or on the foot part (8) is settable by means of adjustment means (30), preferably continuously displaceable along adjustment means (30) and/or settable in inclination.
12. Active-dynamic chair (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the legs (3) are formed as elastically deformable legs, with rigid attachment elements (5') being used instead of the movable connecting articulations (5), and the resilient legs (3) as a result of their elastic deformability at the same time forming a restoring mechanism (10) for the seat part (2).

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