EP2823280A1 - Introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems - Google Patents

Introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems

Info

Publication number
EP2823280A1
EP2823280A1 EP13757550.2A EP13757550A EP2823280A1 EP 2823280 A1 EP2823280 A1 EP 2823280A1 EP 13757550 A EP13757550 A EP 13757550A EP 2823280 A1 EP2823280 A1 EP 2823280A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inject
valve
auxiliary valve
ports
port
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13757550.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2823280A4 (en
EP2823280B1 (en
Inventor
Emily J. BERG
Joshua A. Shreve
James E. Usowicz
Douglas P. WITTMER
Aaron LEBEAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Waters Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
Waters Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Waters Technologies Corp filed Critical Waters Technologies Corp
Publication of EP2823280A1 publication Critical patent/EP2823280A1/en
Publication of EP2823280A4 publication Critical patent/EP2823280A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2823280B1 publication Critical patent/EP2823280B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
    • B01D15/14—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the introduction of the feed to the apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
    • B01D15/40—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism using supercritical fluid as mobile phase or eluent
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
    • G01N30/16—Injection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
    • G01N30/16—Injection
    • G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
    • G01N30/16—Injection
    • G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
    • G01N2030/201—Injection using a sampling valve multiport valves, i.e. having more than two ports
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
    • G01N30/16—Injection
    • G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
    • G01N2030/202—Injection using a sampling valve rotary valves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
    • G01N30/16—Injection
    • G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
    • G01N2030/207—Injection using a sampling valve with metering cavity, e.g. sample loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems.
  • Supercritical fluid chromatography is a chromatographic separation technique that typically utilizes liquefied carbon dioxide (C02) as a mobile phase solvent.
  • C02 liquefied carbon dioxide
  • the chromatographic flow path is pressurized; typically to a pressure of at least 1100 psi.
  • valve operations can be coordinated in such a manner as to reduce sample carry-over and system pressure perturbations occurring during introduction of a sample into a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system.
  • SFC supercritical fluid chromatography
  • One aspect provides a method that includes pressurizing a flow path connected to a separation column with a mobile phase fluid comprising liquefied C02; then pressurizing fluidic tubing and a sample loop containing a sample slug with the mobile phase fluid; and then establishing fluidic communication between the fluidic tubing and the separation column and thereby introducing the sample slug into the pressurized flow path (e.g., such that the sample slug is at substantially the same pressure as the flow path when it is introduced).
  • Another aspect provides an injection valve subsystem for introducing a sample slug into a mobile phase fluid flow in a supercritical fluid chromatography system.
  • the subsystem includes an auxiliary valve and an inject valve.
  • the auxiliary valve includes an auxiliary valve stator having a first plurality of stator ports, and an auxiliary valve rotor having a first plurality of grooves.
  • the inject valve includes an inject valve stator having a second plurality of stator ports, and an inject valve rotor having a second plurality of grooves.
  • a sample loop is fluidically connected to the inject valve stator for receiving a sample slug to be introduced into a mobile phase fluid flow, and fluidic tubing fluidically connects the auxiliary valve stator and the inject valve stator.
  • the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the auxiliary valve.
  • the inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the inject valve.
  • the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated in such a manner as to allow the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to be pressurized to a high system pressure before they are placed in fluidic communication with a separation column fluidically connected to the auxiliary valve.
  • a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system in another aspect, includes a separation column, one or more pumps for delivering a flow of a mobile phase fluid including C02 to the separation column, and an injection valve subsystem in fluidic communication with the one or more pumps and the separation column.
  • the injection valve subsystem includes an auxiliary valve and an inject valve.
  • the auxiliary valve includes an auxiliary valve stator having a first plurality of stator ports, and an auxiliary valve rotor having a first plurality of grooves.
  • the inject valve includes an inject valve stator having a second plurality of stator ports, and an inject valve rotor having a second plurality of grooves.
  • a sample loop is fluidically connected to the inject valve stator for receiving a sample slug to be introduced into a mobile phase fluid flow, and fluidic tubing fluidically connects the auxiliary valve stator and the inject valve stator.
  • the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the auxiliary valve.
  • the inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the inject valve.
  • the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated in such a manner as to allow the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to be pressurized to a high system pressure before they are placed in fluidic communication with the separation column.
  • Yet another aspect provides a method that includes causing an auxiliary valve and an inject valve to operate cooperatively to pressurize a sample slug to system pressure before it is introduced into a pressurized flow path fluidically connected to a separation column; and then causing the auxiliary valve and the inject valve to operate cooperatively to introduce the pressurized sample slug into the pressurized flow path.
  • Implementations can provide one or more of the following advantages.
  • Some implementations provide a valve sequencing technique that can help to reduce sample carry-over.
  • valve sequencing can help to reduce this pressure pulse.
  • auxiliary valve can be cycled to an intermediate fill position to prevent reverse flow from occurring at the head of the column by reducing the pressure pulse once the valve cycles to the inject position.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an injection valve subsystem of the SFC system of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3A-3K illustrate an injection sequence of the injection valve subsystem of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a software timing diagram used to develop the injection sequence.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system 100.
  • SFC supercritical fluid chromatography
  • the SFC system 100 includes a plurality of stackable modules including a solvent manager 110; an SFC manager 140; a sample manager 170; a column manager 180; and a detector module 190.
  • the solvent manager 110 is comprised of a first pump 112 which receives carbon dioxide (C02) from C02 source 102 (e.g., a tank containing compressed C02).
  • C02 carbon dioxide
  • the C02 passes through an inlet shutoff valve 142 and a filter 144 in the SFC manager 140 on its way to the first pump 112.
  • the first pump 112 can comprise one or more actuators each comprising or connected to cooling means, such as a cooling coil and/or a thermoelectric cooler, for cooling the flow of C02 as it passes through the first pump 112 to help ensure that the C02 fluid flow is deliverable in liquid form.
  • the first pump 112 comprises a primary actuator 114 and an accumulator actuator 116.
  • the primary and accumulator actuators 114, 116 each include an associated pump head, and are connected in series.
  • the accumulator actuator 116 delivers C02 to the system 100.
  • the primary actuator 114 delivers C02 to the system 100 while refilling the accumulator actuator 116.
  • the solvent manager 110 also includes a second pump 118 for receiving an organic co-solvent (e.g., methanol, water (H20), etc.) from a co-solvent source 104 and delivering it to the system 110.
  • the second pump 118 can comprise a primary actuator 120 and an accumulator actuator 122, each including an associated pump head.
  • the primary and accumulator actuators 120, 122 of the second pump 118 are connected in series.
  • accumulator actuator 122 delivers co-solvent to the system 100.
  • the primary actuator 120 delivers co-solvent to the system 100 while refilling the accumulator actuator 122.
  • Transducers 124a-d are connected to outlets of the respective pump heads for monitoring pressure.
  • the solvent manager 110 also includes electrical drives for driving the primary actuators 114, 120 and the accumulator actuators 116, 122.
  • the C02 and co-solvent fluid flows are mixed at a tee 126 forming a mobile phase fluid flow that continues to an injection valve subsystem 200, which injects a sample slug for separation into the mobile phase fluid flow.
  • the injection valve subsystem 200 is comprised of an auxiliary valve 220 that is disposed in the SFC manager 140 and an inject valve 240 that is disposed in the sample manager 170.
  • the auxiliary valve 220 and the inject valve 240 are fluidically connected and the operations of these two valves are coordinated in such a manner as to reduce sample carry-over and system pressure perturbations occurring during injection.
  • the SFC manager 140 includes a valve actuator for actuating the auxiliary valve 220 and electrical drives for driving the valve actuations.
  • the sample manager 170 includes a valve actuator for actuating the inject valve and electrical drives for driving the valve actuations.
  • the mobile phase flow containing the injected sample slug continues through a separation column 182 in the column manager 180, where the sample slug is separated into its individual component parts.
  • the column manager 180 comprises a plurality of such separation columns, and inlet and outlet switching valves 184, 186 for switching between the various separation columns.
  • the mobile phase fluid flow continues on to a detector 192 (e.g., a flow cell/photodiode array type detector) housed within the detector module 190 then through a vent valve 146 and then on to a back pressure regulator 148 in the SFC manager 140 before being exhausted to waste 106.
  • a transducer 149 is provided between the vent valve 146 and the back pressure regulator 148.
  • the back pressure regulator 148 is adjustable to control or modify the system fluid pressure. This can allow the pressure to be changed from run to run.
  • the properties of C02 affect how quickly compounds are extracted from the separation column 182, so the ability to change the pressure can allow for different separation based on pressure.
  • the back pressure regulator 148 can be used to maintain the system pressure in the range of about 1500 psi to about 6000 psi.
  • a computerized system controller 108 that can assist in coordinating operation of the SFC system 100.
  • Each of the individual modules 110, 140, 170, 180, 190 also includes its own control electronics, which can interface with each other and with the system controller 108 via an Ethernet connection 109.
  • the control electronics for each module can include non- volatile memory with computer-readable instructions (firmware) for controlling operation of the respective module's components (e.g., the pumps, valves, etc.) in response to signals received from the system controller 108 or from the other modules.
  • Each module's control electronics can also include at least one processor for executing the computer- readable instructions, receiving input, and sending output.
  • the control electronics can also include one or more digital-to-analog (D/A) converters for converting digital output from one of the processors to an analog signal for actuating an associated one of the pumps or valves (e.g., via an associated pump or valve actuator).
  • D/A digital-to-analog
  • the control electronics can also include one or more analog-to-digital (A/D) converters for converting an analog signal, such as from system sensors (e.g., pressure transducers), to a digital signal for input to one of the processors.
  • A/D analog-to-digital
  • the injection valve subsystem 200 including the auxiliary valve 220 and the inject valve 240 is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the auxiliary valve 220 is a rotary shear valve that includes an auxiliary valve stator 222 that has a plurality of ports, numbered 1 through 6 in FIG. 2, and an auxiliary valve rotor 224 that has a rotor interface, which includes three fluid conduits in the form of arcuate grooves 226a-c.
  • the rotor interface is urged into contact with the auxiliary valve stator 222, e.g., by pressure exerted on the auxiliary valve rotor 224 by a spring, to help ensure a fluid-tight seal therebetween.
  • the ports 1-6 are configured to receive fittings (e.g., standard compression screw/ferrule type fittings) for coupling fiuidic tubing to the auxiliary valve stator 222.
  • the auxiliary valve rotor 224 can be rotated to three discrete angular positions, relative to the auxiliary valve stator 222, to connect the rotor grooves 226a-c with different ones of the stator ports 1-6 to form different fiuidic passageways.
  • one of the grooves, groove 226a includes an extended portion 230 which allows the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to be rotated to a position in which the groove 226a forms a fiuidic pathway between stator ports 4 and 5, while ports 1-3 and 6 are dead ended.
  • the inject valve 240 is another six-port rotary shear valve that includes an inject valve stator 242 having a plurality of ports, numbered 1 ' through 6' in FIG. 2, and an inject valve rotor 244.
  • the inject valve rotor 244 has a rotor interface, which includes three fluid conduits in the form of arcuate grooves 246a-c. When assembled, the rotor interface is urged into contact with the inject valve stator 242, e.g., by pressure exerted on the inject valve rotor 244 by a spring, to help ensure a fluid-tight seal therebetween.
  • the ports 1 '-6' are configured to receive fittings (e.g., standard compression screw/ferrule type fittings) for coupling fluidic tubing to the inject valve stator 242.
  • Port 1 ' is fluidically connected to port 4' via a sample loop 248 (e.g., fluidic tubing external to the inject valve stator 242).
  • Port 2' is fluidically connected to a metering syringe 250 and port 3' is connected to a needle 252.
  • the metering syringe 250 and needle 252 are disposed within the sample manager 170 and are operable to aspirate sample from vials 254 also in the sample manager 170.
  • Port 5' of the inject valve 240 is connected to port 4 of the auxiliary valve 220, and port 6' of the inject valve 240 is connected to port 1 of the auxiliary valve 220.
  • the connections between port 2' and the syringe 250, between port 3' and the needle 252, between port 5' and port 4, and between port 6' and port 1 are made via the fluidic tubing 260a-d.
  • the inject valve rotor 244 can be rotated to two discrete angular positions, relative to the inject valve stator 242, to connect the rotor grooves 246a-c with different ones of the stator ports 1 '-6' to form different fluid passageways.
  • auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 can help to improve performance of the SFC system 100 by reducing the amount of sample carry-over and can also help to reduce system pressure perturbations occurring during injection. As a result, the separation column 182 may be subjected to lower pressure pulses, potentially increasing the life of the column 182.
  • Step 1 Sample Manager Setup
  • the sample manager 170 sets up internally by running various checks and setup procedures.
  • the inject valve rotor 244 is in its inject position (from a previous injection), and the sample manager 170 triggers the auxiliary valve 220 to turn its rotor 224 (60 degrees counterclockwise) to its load position.
  • This allows the sample loop 248 on the inject valve 240 and the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b connecting the auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 to vent to atmosphere.
  • the mobile phase fluid is permitted to flow directly from the pumps 112, 118 to the separation column 182 via the auxiliary valve 220.
  • FIG. 1 flow path 262
  • FIG. 3 A illustrates the respective positions of the auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 during this decompression step. More specifically, FIG. 3A illustrates the auxiliary valve rotor 224 in its load position and the inject valve rotor 244 in its inject position with the sample loop 248 in fluid communication with the waste ports (i.e., ports 2 and 3) of the auxiliary valve 220.
  • Step 3 Aspirate Partial Loop with Needle Overfill (PLNO) Sample
  • the sample manager 170 moves the needle 252 to a programmed vial position, aspirates an air gap, aspirates pre-sample buffer from the vial 254, aspirates the programmed amount of sample from the vial 254, aspirates post-sample buffer from the vial 254 (see FIG.
  • the sample manager metering syringe 250 meters the sample slug so that the injection volume is past port 2' (see FIG. 3C). The syringe 250 then dispenses 0.5 uL to take out any compliance or backlash within the system (see FIG. 3D).
  • Step 4 Load Sample into the Sample Loop
  • the inject valve rotor 244 is then moved (60 degrees clockwise) to place the inject valve 240 in its load position, with the sample loop 248 in fluidic communication with the meter and needle ports 2', 3' (see FIG. 3E), and the programmed sample volume is moved into the sample loop 248 (see FIG. 3F).
  • Step 5 Inject Sample into Fluidic Tubing
  • the inject valve rotor 244 is rotated (60 degrees counterclockwise) to the inject position, introducing sample into residual gaseous C02 and programmed co-solvent from the previous injection in the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b connecting the auxiliary and injection valves 220, 240 as illustrated in FIG. 3G.
  • Step 6 Bring C02 Online/Inject Sample into System
  • the sample manager 170 then triggers the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to turn (45 degrees clockwise) to place the auxiliary valve rotor 224 in its fill position to make the connection between ports 4 and 5 only. At this time, all other connections are dead ended. This action redirects the flow of mobile phase fluid comprising C02 and any programmed co-solvent from the pumps 112, 118 through the sample loop 248 and dead ends against port 1 of the auxiliary valve 220 (see FIG. 3H).
  • the auxiliary valve rotor 224 remains in the fill position for a calculated pause time (based on mobile phase flow rate, sample loop 248 volume, and injection volume) until the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b and sample loop 248 are filled with liquid mobile phase comprising C02 and any programmed co-solvent(see FIG. 31).
  • the pressure in the flow path 262 between the auxiliary valve 220 and the separation column 182 remains substantially at system pressure (e.g., within 500 psi) due to the resistance to flow through the separation column 182.
  • the flow path 262 typically experiences a pressure drop of less than 500 psi while connections are dead ended.
  • Step 7 Inject Sample into System
  • the auxiliary valve rotor 224 is then rotated (an additional 15 degrees clockwise) to the inject position, completing all port connections (see FIG. 3J). This action redirects the flow of mobile phase comprising high pressure C02 and any programmed co-solvent through the sample manager 170 and injects compressed sample into the high pressure system 100.
  • Step 8 Wash the Needle
  • the sample manager 170 washes the outside and inside of the needle 252 after sample is injected.
  • the wash syringes dispense a programmed amount of strong and weak washes through the inject valve 240 and out through the needle 252, as illustrated in FIG. 3K.
  • FIG. 4 is a software timing diagram used to develop the injection sequence.
  • the system controller 108 signals (402) the sample manager 170, via the
  • the sample manager 170 to rotate (404) the inject valve rotor 244 to its inject position.
  • the system controller 108 also signals (406) the SFC manager 140 to set (408) the back pressure regulator 148 to provide the desired pressure setting.
  • the solvent manager 110 is triggered (410) by the controller 108 to set (412) the flow and composition of the mobile phase solvent.
  • the system controller 108 waits (414) until the sample manager 170, SFC manager 140, and solvent manager 110 have performed their respective tasks and are ready to perform a sample injection.
  • the system controller 108 signals (416) the sample manager 170 to start the injection sequence.
  • the sample manager 170 signals (418) the solvent manager 110 to synchronize (420) the pumps (positioning plungers within the actuators in a predetermined start point position).
  • the sample manager 170 then signals (422) the SFC manager 140 to move (424) the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to its load position.
  • the sample manager 170 executes the step of aspirating the PLNO sample (426), and, then, drives (428) the inject valve rotor 244 to its load position.
  • the sample manager 170 drives (432) the inject valve to the inject position.
  • the sample manager 170 then signals (434) the solvent manager 110 to again synchronize (436) the actuator plungers.
  • the sample manager 170 signals (438) the SFC manager 140 to execute the final movements of the auxiliary valve rotor 224.
  • the SFC manager 140 drives (440) the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to its fill position, and then pauses (442) it in the fill position (to fill and pressurize the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b with liquid mobile phase comprising C02 and programmed co-solvent).
  • the SFC manager 140 drives (444) the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to its inject position (for injection of the sample into high pressure system).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

A supercritical fluid chromatography system is provided with an injection valve subsystem for introducing a sample into a flow of mobile phase fluid. The injection valve subsystem includes an auxiliary valve and an inject valve. The operations of the auxiliary and inject valves are coordinated in such a manner as to reduce sample carry-over and system pressure perturbations occurring during sample injection.

Description

Introducing Samples into Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Systems
RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority to and benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/608,135 entitled "Introducing Samples into Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Systems," filed March 8, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD
This disclosure relates to introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems.
BACKGROUND
Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is a chromatographic separation technique that typically utilizes liquefied carbon dioxide (C02) as a mobile phase solvent. In order to keep the mobile phase in liquid (or liquid-like density) form, the chromatographic flow path is pressurized; typically to a pressure of at least 1100 psi.
SUMMARY
This disclosure is based, in part, on the realization that valve operations can be coordinated in such a manner as to reduce sample carry-over and system pressure perturbations occurring during introduction of a sample into a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system.
One aspect provides a method that includes pressurizing a flow path connected to a separation column with a mobile phase fluid comprising liquefied C02; then pressurizing fluidic tubing and a sample loop containing a sample slug with the mobile phase fluid; and then establishing fluidic communication between the fluidic tubing and the separation column and thereby introducing the sample slug into the pressurized flow path (e.g., such that the sample slug is at substantially the same pressure as the flow path when it is introduced). Another aspect provides an injection valve subsystem for introducing a sample slug into a mobile phase fluid flow in a supercritical fluid chromatography system. The subsystem includes an auxiliary valve and an inject valve. The auxiliary valve includes an auxiliary valve stator having a first plurality of stator ports, and an auxiliary valve rotor having a first plurality of grooves. The inject valve includes an inject valve stator having a second plurality of stator ports, and an inject valve rotor having a second plurality of grooves. A sample loop is fluidically connected to the inject valve stator for receiving a sample slug to be introduced into a mobile phase fluid flow, and fluidic tubing fluidically connects the auxiliary valve stator and the inject valve stator. The auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the auxiliary valve. The inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the inject valve. The respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated in such a manner as to allow the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to be pressurized to a high system pressure before they are placed in fluidic communication with a separation column fluidically connected to the auxiliary valve.
In another aspect, a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system includes a separation column, one or more pumps for delivering a flow of a mobile phase fluid including C02 to the separation column, and an injection valve subsystem in fluidic communication with the one or more pumps and the separation column. The injection valve subsystem includes an auxiliary valve and an inject valve. The auxiliary valve includes an auxiliary valve stator having a first plurality of stator ports, and an auxiliary valve rotor having a first plurality of grooves. The inject valve includes an inject valve stator having a second plurality of stator ports, and an inject valve rotor having a second plurality of grooves. A sample loop is fluidically connected to the inject valve stator for receiving a sample slug to be introduced into a mobile phase fluid flow, and fluidic tubing fluidically connects the auxiliary valve stator and the inject valve stator. The auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the auxiliary valve. The inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the inject valve. The respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated in such a manner as to allow the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to be pressurized to a high system pressure before they are placed in fluidic communication with the separation column.
Yet another aspect provides a method that includes causing an auxiliary valve and an inject valve to operate cooperatively to pressurize a sample slug to system pressure before it is introduced into a pressurized flow path fluidically connected to a separation column; and then causing the auxiliary valve and the inject valve to operate cooperatively to introduce the pressurized sample slug into the pressurized flow path.
Implementations can provide one or more of the following advantages.
The inherent characteristics of the SFC carrier solvent (liquid C02) can be detrimental to the integrity and the ability of an auto-sampler injection valve to inject a sample by conventional means (simple fixed loop or direct injection) due to the limitations on carrier solvent and the rapid decompression that occurs when liquid C02 is exposed to ambient conditions. Certain injection techniques can allow the decompression to occur without influencing the introduction of the sample into a pump - column flow stream.
Some implementations provide a valve sequencing technique that can help to reduce sample carry-over.
The addition of a second valve and tubing to the chromatography system causes a severe pressure drop at the head of the column when the valves are turned into a position where the sample is introduced to the column. Valve sequencing can help to reduce this pressure pulse.
During an injection, system pressure pulses can negatively affect column life by creating reverse flow at the head of the column. In some cases, an auxiliary valve can be cycled to an intermediate fill position to prevent reverse flow from occurring at the head of the column by reducing the pressure pulse once the valve cycles to the inject position.
Other aspects, features, and advantages are in the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an injection valve subsystem of the SFC system of FIG. 1. FIGS. 3A-3K illustrate an injection sequence of the injection valve subsystem of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a software timing diagram used to develop the injection sequence.
Like reference numbers indicate like elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
System Overview
FIG. 1 schematically depicts a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system 100.
The SFC system 100 includes a plurality of stackable modules including a solvent manager 110; an SFC manager 140; a sample manager 170; a column manager 180; and a detector module 190.
The solvent manager 110 is comprised of a first pump 112 which receives carbon dioxide (C02) from C02 source 102 (e.g., a tank containing compressed C02). The C02 passes through an inlet shutoff valve 142 and a filter 144 in the SFC manager 140 on its way to the first pump 112. The first pump 112 can comprise one or more actuators each comprising or connected to cooling means, such as a cooling coil and/or a thermoelectric cooler, for cooling the flow of C02 as it passes through the first pump 112 to help ensure that the C02 fluid flow is deliverable in liquid form. In some cases, the first pump 112 comprises a primary actuator 114 and an accumulator actuator 116. The primary and accumulator actuators 114, 116 each include an associated pump head, and are connected in series. The accumulator actuator 116 delivers C02 to the system 100. The primary actuator 114 delivers C02 to the system 100 while refilling the accumulator actuator 116.
In some cases, the solvent manager 110 also includes a second pump 118 for receiving an organic co-solvent (e.g., methanol, water (H20), etc.) from a co-solvent source 104 and delivering it to the system 110. The second pump 118 can comprise a primary actuator 120 and an accumulator actuator 122, each including an associated pump head. The primary and accumulator actuators 120, 122 of the second pump 118 are connected in series. The
accumulator actuator 122 delivers co-solvent to the system 100. The primary actuator 120 delivers co-solvent to the system 100 while refilling the accumulator actuator 122.
Transducers 124a-d are connected to outlets of the respective pump heads for monitoring pressure. The solvent manager 110 also includes electrical drives for driving the primary actuators 114, 120 and the accumulator actuators 116, 122. The C02 and co-solvent fluid flows are mixed at a tee 126 forming a mobile phase fluid flow that continues to an injection valve subsystem 200, which injects a sample slug for separation into the mobile phase fluid flow.
Notably, the injection valve subsystem 200 is comprised of an auxiliary valve 220 that is disposed in the SFC manager 140 and an inject valve 240 that is disposed in the sample manager 170. The auxiliary valve 220 and the inject valve 240 are fluidically connected and the operations of these two valves are coordinated in such a manner as to reduce sample carry-over and system pressure perturbations occurring during injection. The SFC manager 140 includes a valve actuator for actuating the auxiliary valve 220 and electrical drives for driving the valve actuations. Similarly, the sample manager 170 includes a valve actuator for actuating the inject valve and electrical drives for driving the valve actuations.
From the injection valve subsystem 200, the mobile phase flow containing the injected sample slug continues through a separation column 182 in the column manager 180, where the sample slug is separated into its individual component parts. The column manager 180 comprises a plurality of such separation columns, and inlet and outlet switching valves 184, 186 for switching between the various separation columns.
After passing through the separation column 182, the mobile phase fluid flow continues on to a detector 192 (e.g., a flow cell/photodiode array type detector) housed within the detector module 190 then through a vent valve 146 and then on to a back pressure regulator 148 in the SFC manager 140 before being exhausted to waste 106. A transducer 149 is provided between the vent valve 146 and the back pressure regulator 148.
The back pressure regulator 148 is adjustable to control or modify the system fluid pressure. This can allow the pressure to be changed from run to run. The properties of C02 affect how quickly compounds are extracted from the separation column 182, so the ability to change the pressure can allow for different separation based on pressure. Generally, the back pressure regulator 148 can be used to maintain the system pressure in the range of about 1500 psi to about 6000 psi.
Also shown schematically in FIG. 1 is a computerized system controller 108 that can assist in coordinating operation of the SFC system 100. Each of the individual modules 110, 140, 170, 180, 190 also includes its own control electronics, which can interface with each other and with the system controller 108 via an Ethernet connection 109. The control electronics for each module can include non- volatile memory with computer-readable instructions (firmware) for controlling operation of the respective module's components (e.g., the pumps, valves, etc.) in response to signals received from the system controller 108 or from the other modules. Each module's control electronics can also include at least one processor for executing the computer- readable instructions, receiving input, and sending output. The control electronics can also include one or more digital-to-analog (D/A) converters for converting digital output from one of the processors to an analog signal for actuating an associated one of the pumps or valves (e.g., via an associated pump or valve actuator). The control electronics can also include one or more analog-to-digital (A/D) converters for converting an analog signal, such as from system sensors (e.g., pressure transducers), to a digital signal for input to one of the processors. In some cases, some or all of the various features of these control electronics can be integrated in a
microcontroller.
Injection valve subsystem
The injection valve subsystem 200 including the auxiliary valve 220 and the inject valve 240 is illustrated in FIG. 2. The auxiliary valve 220 is a rotary shear valve that includes an auxiliary valve stator 222 that has a plurality of ports, numbered 1 through 6 in FIG. 2, and an auxiliary valve rotor 224 that has a rotor interface, which includes three fluid conduits in the form of arcuate grooves 226a-c. When assembled, the rotor interface is urged into contact with the auxiliary valve stator 222, e.g., by pressure exerted on the auxiliary valve rotor 224 by a spring, to help ensure a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The ports 1-6 are configured to receive fittings (e.g., standard compression screw/ferrule type fittings) for coupling fiuidic tubing to the auxiliary valve stator 222. The auxiliary valve rotor 224 can be rotated to three discrete angular positions, relative to the auxiliary valve stator 222, to connect the rotor grooves 226a-c with different ones of the stator ports 1-6 to form different fiuidic passageways. Notably, one of the grooves, groove 226a, includes an extended portion 230 which allows the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to be rotated to a position in which the groove 226a forms a fiuidic pathway between stator ports 4 and 5, while ports 1-3 and 6 are dead ended.
The inject valve 240 is another six-port rotary shear valve that includes an inject valve stator 242 having a plurality of ports, numbered 1 ' through 6' in FIG. 2, and an inject valve rotor 244. The inject valve rotor 244 has a rotor interface, which includes three fluid conduits in the form of arcuate grooves 246a-c. When assembled, the rotor interface is urged into contact with the inject valve stator 242, e.g., by pressure exerted on the inject valve rotor 244 by a spring, to help ensure a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The ports 1 '-6' are configured to receive fittings (e.g., standard compression screw/ferrule type fittings) for coupling fluidic tubing to the inject valve stator 242. Port 1 ' is fluidically connected to port 4' via a sample loop 248 (e.g., fluidic tubing external to the inject valve stator 242). Port 2' is fluidically connected to a metering syringe 250 and port 3' is connected to a needle 252. The metering syringe 250 and needle 252 are disposed within the sample manager 170 and are operable to aspirate sample from vials 254 also in the sample manager 170. Port 5' of the inject valve 240 is connected to port 4 of the auxiliary valve 220, and port 6' of the inject valve 240 is connected to port 1 of the auxiliary valve 220. The connections between port 2' and the syringe 250, between port 3' and the needle 252, between port 5' and port 4, and between port 6' and port 1 are made via the fluidic tubing 260a-d.
The inject valve rotor 244 can be rotated to two discrete angular positions, relative to the inject valve stator 242, to connect the rotor grooves 246a-c with different ones of the stator ports 1 '-6' to form different fluid passageways.
Method of Use
The coordinated operation of the auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 can help to improve performance of the SFC system 100 by reducing the amount of sample carry-over and can also help to reduce system pressure perturbations occurring during injection. As a result, the separation column 182 may be subjected to lower pressure pulses, potentially increasing the life of the column 182.
In short, during an injection, sample inside the sample loop 248 is brought online to the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b connecting the auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 while mobile phase fluid comprising high pressure C02 flows directly from the pumps 112, 118 to the separation column 182 via the auxiliary valve 220. The auxiliary valve 220 then allows the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b, comprising gaseous C02 and sample, to fill and compress with the mobile phase fluid before introducing the fluid into the high pressure (e.g., about 1500 psi to about 6000 psi) stream. The combination of these two actions can help to reduce (e.g., eliminate) carry-over anomalies and system pressure pulses when introducing sample into the high pressure stream. An exemplary process is described below. Step 1: Sample Manager Setup
First, the sample manager 170 sets up internally by running various checks and setup procedures.
Step 2: De-Compress Sample Loop
At the start of an injection, the inject valve rotor 244 is in its inject position (from a previous injection), and the sample manager 170 triggers the auxiliary valve 220 to turn its rotor 224 (60 degrees counterclockwise) to its load position. This allows the sample loop 248 on the inject valve 240 and the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b connecting the auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 to vent to atmosphere. At this time, the mobile phase fluid is permitted to flow directly from the pumps 112, 118 to the separation column 182 via the auxiliary valve 220. This pressurizes a flow path 262 (FIG. 1) between the auxiliary valve 220 and the separation column 182 to a system pressure of about 1500 psi to about 3000 psi. FIG. 3 A illustrates the respective positions of the auxiliary and inject valves 220, 240 during this decompression step. More specifically, FIG. 3A illustrates the auxiliary valve rotor 224 in its load position and the inject valve rotor 244 in its inject position with the sample loop 248 in fluid communication with the waste ports (i.e., ports 2 and 3) of the auxiliary valve 220.
Step 3: Aspirate Partial Loop with Needle Overfill (PLNO) Sample
Next, the sample manager 170 moves the needle 252 to a programmed vial position, aspirates an air gap, aspirates pre-sample buffer from the vial 254, aspirates the programmed amount of sample from the vial 254, aspirates post-sample buffer from the vial 254 (see FIG.
3B), and then removes the needle 252 from the vial and returns it toward the inject port. A final air gap is aspirated in this position. Then, the sample manager metering syringe 250 meters the sample slug so that the injection volume is past port 2' (see FIG. 3C). The syringe 250 then dispenses 0.5 uL to take out any compliance or backlash within the system (see FIG. 3D).
Step 4: Load Sample into the Sample Loop
The inject valve rotor 244 is then moved (60 degrees clockwise) to place the inject valve 240 in its load position, with the sample loop 248 in fluidic communication with the meter and needle ports 2', 3' (see FIG. 3E), and the programmed sample volume is moved into the sample loop 248 (see FIG. 3F).
Step 5: Inject Sample into Fluidic Tubing Within the sample manager 170, the inject valve rotor 244 is rotated (60 degrees counterclockwise) to the inject position, introducing sample into residual gaseous C02 and programmed co-solvent from the previous injection in the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b connecting the auxiliary and injection valves 220, 240 as illustrated in FIG. 3G.
Step 6: Bring C02 Online/Inject Sample into System
The sample manager 170 then triggers the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to turn (45 degrees clockwise) to place the auxiliary valve rotor 224 in its fill position to make the connection between ports 4 and 5 only. At this time, all other connections are dead ended. This action redirects the flow of mobile phase fluid comprising C02 and any programmed co-solvent from the pumps 112, 118 through the sample loop 248 and dead ends against port 1 of the auxiliary valve 220 (see FIG. 3H). The auxiliary valve rotor 224 remains in the fill position for a calculated pause time (based on mobile phase flow rate, sample loop 248 volume, and injection volume) until the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b and sample loop 248 are filled with liquid mobile phase comprising C02 and any programmed co-solvent(see FIG. 31). During this time, the pressure in the flow path 262 between the auxiliary valve 220 and the separation column 182 remains substantially at system pressure (e.g., within 500 psi) due to the resistance to flow through the separation column 182. In this regard, the flow path 262 typically experiences a pressure drop of less than 500 psi while connections are dead ended.
Step 7: Inject Sample into System
The auxiliary valve rotor 224 is then rotated (an additional 15 degrees clockwise) to the inject position, completing all port connections (see FIG. 3J). This action redirects the flow of mobile phase comprising high pressure C02 and any programmed co-solvent through the sample manager 170 and injects compressed sample into the high pressure system 100.
Step 8: Wash the Needle
With the auxiliary and inject valve rotors 224, 244 in their respective inject positions, the sample manager 170 washes the outside and inside of the needle 252 after sample is injected.
The wash syringes dispense a programmed amount of strong and weak washes through the inject valve 240 and out through the needle 252, as illustrated in FIG. 3K.
FIG. 4 is a software timing diagram used to develop the injection sequence. With reference to FIG. 4, the system controller 108 signals (402) the sample manager 170, via the
Ethernet connection, triggering the sample manager 170 to rotate (404) the inject valve rotor 244 to its inject position. The system controller 108 also signals (406) the SFC manager 140 to set (408) the back pressure regulator 148 to provide the desired pressure setting. Finally, the solvent manager 110 is triggered (410) by the controller 108 to set (412) the flow and composition of the mobile phase solvent. The system controller 108 waits (414) until the sample manager 170, SFC manager 140, and solvent manager 110 have performed their respective tasks and are ready to perform a sample injection.
Then, the system controller 108 signals (416) the sample manager 170 to start the injection sequence. In response, the sample manager 170 signals (418) the solvent manager 110 to synchronize (420) the pumps (positioning plungers within the actuators in a predetermined start point position). The sample manager 170 then signals (422) the SFC manager 140 to move (424) the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to its load position. Next, the sample manager 170 executes the step of aspirating the PLNO sample (426), and, then, drives (428) the inject valve rotor 244 to its load position. After sample is loaded (430) into the sample loop 248, the sample manager 170 drives (432) the inject valve to the inject position. The sample manager 170 then signals (434) the solvent manager 110 to again synchronize (436) the actuator plungers.
Finally, the sample manager 170 signals (438) the SFC manager 140 to execute the final movements of the auxiliary valve rotor 224. In response, the SFC manager 140 drives (440) the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to its fill position, and then pauses (442) it in the fill position (to fill and pressurize the fluidic tubing 260a, 260b with liquid mobile phase comprising C02 and programmed co-solvent). Then, the SFC manager 140 drives (444) the auxiliary valve rotor 224 to its inject position (for injection of the sample into high pressure system).
Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A method comprising
pressurizing a flow path connected to a separation column with a mobile phase fluid comprising liquefied C02; then
pressurizing fluidic tubing and a sample loop containing a sample slug with the mobile phase fluid; and then
establishing fluidic communication between the fluidic tubing and the separation column and thereby introducing the sample slug into the pressurized flow path.
2. The method of claiml, further comprising venting the fluidic tubing and the sample loop to atmospheric pressure.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising venting the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to atmospheric pressure prior to pressurizing the fluidic tubing and the sample loop containing the sample slug;
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the flow path fluidically connects an auxiliary valve and the separation column, and wherein the fluidic tubing fluidically connects the auxiliary valve and an inject valve.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein pressurizing the flow path comprises delivering the mobile phase fluid from one or more pumps to the separation column through the auxiliary valve.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising venting the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to atmospheric pressure prior to pressurizing the fluidic tubing and the sample loop containing the sample slug, wherein the venting step is performed while the mobile phase fluid is being delivered to the separation column.
7. The method of claim 4,
wherein the auxiliary valve comprises: an auxiliary valve stator comprising a first plurality of stator ports; and
an auxiliary valve rotor comprising a first plurality of grooves
wherein the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fiuidic passageways within the auxiliary valve;
wherein the inject valve comprises:
an inject valve stator comprising a second plurality of stator ports; and an inject valve rotor comprising a second plurality of grooves,
wherein the inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fiuidic passageways within the inject valve, and wherein the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor are coordinated to form plurality of discrete configurations for performing the steps of pressurizing the flow path, pressurizing the fiuidic tubing and the sample loop, and establishing fiuidic communication between the fiuidic tubing and the separation column.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of pressurizing the flow path is performed while the auxiliary valve rotor is in a load position which allows the mobile phase fluid to flow from one or more pumps to the separation column through the auxiliary valve.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising venting the sample loop and the fiuidic tubing to atmospheric pressure while the auxiliary valve rotor is in the load position.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of venting the sample loop is performed while the inject valve rotor is in an inject position which places the sample loop in fiuidic communication with the fiuidic tubing.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of pressurizing the fiuidic tubing and the sample loop is performed while the inject valve rotor is in an inject position which places the sample loop in fiuidic communication with the fiuidic tubing.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of pressurizing the fluidic tubing and the sample loop is performed while the auxiliary valve rotor is in a fill position which inhibits flow of the mobile phase fluid between the auxiliary valve and the column.
13. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of establishing the fluidic communication between the fluidic tubing and the separation column is performed while the auxiliary valve rotor is in an inject position and the inject valve rotor is in an inject position such that the mobile phase fluid flows from the one or more pumps to the auxiliary valve, then from the auxiliary valve to the inject valve, and then back to the auxiliary valve, and then to the flow path.
14. An injection valve subsystem for introducing a sample slug into a mobile phase fluid flow in a supercritical fluid chromatography system, the subsystem comprising:
I) an auxiliary valve comprising:
A) an auxiliary valve stator comprising a first plurality of stator ports; and B) an auxiliary valve rotor comprising a first plurality of grooves,
II) an inject valve comprising:
A) an inject valve stator comprising a second plurality of stator ports; and
B) an inject valve rotor comprising a second plurality of grooves,
III) a sample loop fluidically connected to the inject valve stator for receiving a sample slug to be introduced into a mobile phase fluid flow; and
IV) fluidic tubing fluidically connecting the auxiliary valve stator and the inject valve stator,
wherein the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the auxiliary valve;
wherein the inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fluidic passageways within the inject valve, and wherein the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated in such a manner as to allow the sample loop and the fluidic tubing to be pressurized to a high system pressure before they are placed in fluidic communication with a separation column fluidically connected to the auxiliary valve.
15. The injection valve subsystem of claim 14, wherein the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated to provide:
a first configuration that allows the fluidic tubing and the sample loop to vent to atmospheric pressure via the auxiliary valve;
a second configuration that allows the sample loop to be loaded with a sample slug while the fluidic tubing vents to atmosphere;
a third configuration that allows the first and second fluidic tubing and the sample loop to be pressurized via a flow of a mobile phase fluid from one or more pumps connected to the auxiliary valve; and
a fourth configuration that allows a sample slug to be delivered from the sample loop to a separation column fluidically connected to the auxiliary valve.
The injection valve subsystem of claim 15,
wherein the first plurality of ports comprises:
a first port fluidically connected to the fluidic tubing;
a second port for venting to atmospheric pressure;
a third port for venting to atmospheric pressure;
a fourth port fluidically connected to the fluidic tubing;
a fifth port for fluidicly connecting the auxiliary valve to a pump; and
a sixth port for fluidicly connecting the auxiliary valve to a separation column; and
wherein the second plurality of ports comprises:
a seventh port fluidically connected to the sample loop;
an eighth port for fluidicly connecting the inject valve to a metering syringe a ninth port for fluidicly connecting the inject valve to a needle for aspirating a sample slug
tenth port fluidically connected to the seventh port via the sample loop;
eleventh port fluidically connected to the fourth port via the fluidic tubing; and twelfth port fluidically connected to the first port via the fluidic tubing.
The injection valve subsystem of claim 16, wherein the fluidic tubing comprises: a first fluidic tube fiuidically connecting the first port and the twelfth port; and a second fluidic tube fiuidically connecting the fourth port and the eleventh port.
18. The injection valve subsystem of claim 16,
wherein the first plurality of grooves comprises:
a first groove;
a second groove; and
a third groove, and
wherein the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable between three discrete positions relative to the auxiliary valve stator including:
a load position in which the first groove fiuidically connects the fifth and sixth ports, the second groove fiuidically connects the third and fourth ports, and the third groove fiuidically connects the first and second ports;
a fill position in which the first groove fiuidically connects the fourth and fifth ports, and in which the first, second, third and sixth ports are dead ended; and
an inject position in which the first groove fiuidically connects the fourth and fifth ports, the second groove fiuidically connects the second and third ports, and the third groove fiuidically connects the first and sixth ports.
19. The injection valve subsystem of claim 18,
wherein the second plurality of grooves comprises:
a fourth groove;
a fifth groove; and
a sixth groove,
wherein the inject valve rotor is rotatable between two discrete positions relative to the inject valve stator including:
an inject position in which the fourth groove fiuidically connects the tenth and eleventh ports, the fifth groove fiuidically connects the eighth and ninth ports, and the sixth groove fiuidically connects the seventh and twelfth ports; and a load position in which the fourth groove fluidically connects the ninth and tenth ports, the fifth groove fluidically connects the seventh and eighth ports, and the sixth groove fluidically connects the eleventh and twelfth ports.
20. The injection valve subsystem of claim 19, wherein in the first configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its load position and the inject valve rotor is in its inject position.
21. The injection valve subsystem of claim 19, wherein in the second configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its load position and the inject valve rotor is in its load position.
22. The injection valve subsystem of claim 19, wherein in the third configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its fill position and the inject valve rotor is in its inject position.
23. The injection valve subsystem of claim 19, wherein in the fourth configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its inject position and the inject valve rotor is in its inject position.
24. A supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system comprising:
I) a separation column;
II) one or more pumps for delivering a flow of a mobile phase fluid comprising C02 to the separation column; and
III) an injection valve subsystem in fluidic communication with the one or more pumps and the separation column, the injection valve subsystem comprising:
A) an auxiliary valve comprising:
i) an auxiliary valve stator in fluidic communication with the one or more pumps and the separation column and comprising a first plurality of stator ports; and
ii) an auxiliary valve rotor comprising a first plurality of grooves;
B) an inject valve comprising:
i) an inject valve stator comprising a second plurality of stator ports; and ii) an inject valve rotor comprising a second plurality of grooves; C) a sample loop fluidically connected to the inject valve stator for receiving a sample slug to be introduced into a mobile phase fluid flow; and
D) fiuidic tubing fluidically connecting the auxiliary valve stator and the inject valve stator,
wherein the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the auxiliary valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fiuidic passageways within the auxiliary valve;
wherein the inject valve rotor is rotatable, relative to the inject valve stator, between a plurality of discrete positions to form different fiuidic passageways within the inject valve, and wherein the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated in such a manner as to allow the sample loop and the fiuidic tubing to be pressurized to a high system pressure with the mobile phase fluid before they are placed in fiuidic communication with the separation column.
25. The SFC system of claim 24, wherein the respective positions of the auxiliary valve rotor and the inject valve rotor can be coordinated to provide:
a first configuration that allows the fiuidic tubing and the sample loop to vent to atmospheric pressure via the auxiliary valve;
a second configuration that allows the sample loop to be loaded with a sample slug while the fiuidic tubing vents to atmosphere;
a third configuration that allows the first and second fiuidic tubing and the sample loop to be pressurized via a flow of a mobile phase fluid from the one or more pumps; and
a fourth configuration that allows a sample slug to be delivered from the sample loop to the separation column.
26. The SFC system of claim 25,
wherein the first plurality of ports comprises:
a first port fluidically connected to the fiuidic tubing;
a second port for venting to atmospheric pressure;
a third port for venting to atmospheric pressure;
a fourth port fluidically connected to the fiuidic tubing; a fifth port fluidically connected to the one or more pumps; and a sixth port fluidically connected to the separation column; and
wherein the second plurality of ports comprises:
a seventh port fluidically connected to the sample loop;
an eighth port for fluidically connecting the inject valve to a metering syringe; a ninth port for fluidically connecting the inject valve to a needle for aspirating a sample slug;
a tenth port fluidically connected to the seventh port via the sample loop;
a eleventh port fluidically connected to the fourth port via the fluidic tubing; and a twelfth port fluidically connected to the first port via the fluidic tubing.
27. The SFC system of claim 26, wherein the fluidic tubing comprises:
a first fluidic tube fluidically connecting the first port and the twelfth port; and a second fluidic tube fluidically connecting the fourth port and the eleventh port.
28. The SFC system of claim 26,
wherein the first plurality of grooves comprises:
a first groove;
a second groove; and
a third groove, and
wherein the auxiliary valve rotor is rotatable between three discrete positions relative to auxiliary valve stator including:
a load position in which the first groove fluidically connects the fifth and sixth ports, the second groove fluidically connects the third and fourth ports, and the third groove fluidically connects the first and second ports;
a fill position in which the first groove fluidically connects the fourth and fifth ports, and in which the first, second, third and sixth ports are dead ended; and
an inject position in which the first groove fluidically connects the fourth and fifth ports, the second groove fluidically connects the second and third ports, and the third groove fluidically connects the first and sixth ports.
29. The SFC system of claim 28,
wherein the second plurality of grooves comprises:
a fourth groove;
a fifth groove; and
a sixth groove,
wherein the inject valve rotor is rotatable between two discrete positions relative to the inject valve stator including:
an inject position in which the fourth groove fluidically connects the tenth and eleventh ports, the fifth groove fluidically connects the eighth and ninth ports, and the sixth groove fluidically connects the seventh and twelfth ports; and
a load position in which the fourth groove fluidically connects the ninth and tenth ports, the fifth groove fluidically connects the seventh and eighth ports, and the sixth groove fluidically connects the eleventh and twelfth ports.
30. The SFC system of claim 29, wherein in the first configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its load position and the inject valve rotor is in its inject position.
31. The SFC system of claim 29, wherein in the second configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its load position and the inject valve rotor is in its load position.
32. The SFC system of claim 29, wherein in the third configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its fill position and the inject valve rotor is in its inject position.
33. The SFC system of claim 29, wherein in the fourth configuration the auxiliary valve rotor is in its inject position and the inject valve rotor is in its inject position.
34. A method comprising
causing an auxiliary valve and an inject valve to operate cooperatively to pressurize a sample slug to system pressure before it is introduced into a pressurized flow path fluidically connected to a separation column; and then causing the auxiliary valve and the inject valve to operate cooperatively to introduce the pressurized sample slug into the pressurized flow path.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein pressurizing the sample slug to system pressure comprises pressurizing the sample slug to a pressure of about 1500 psi to about 6000 psi.
36. The method of claim 34, wherein the flow path is pressurized to about 1500 psi to about 6000 psi.
EP13757550.2A 2012-03-08 2013-03-05 Introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems Active EP2823280B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261608135P 2012-03-08 2012-03-08
PCT/US2013/029048 WO2013134222A1 (en) 2012-03-08 2013-03-05 Introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2823280A1 true EP2823280A1 (en) 2015-01-14
EP2823280A4 EP2823280A4 (en) 2015-12-30
EP2823280B1 EP2823280B1 (en) 2023-04-26

Family

ID=49117243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13757550.2A Active EP2823280B1 (en) 2012-03-08 2013-03-05 Introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9764251B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2823280B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6336402B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013134222A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6219221B2 (en) * 2014-04-10 2017-10-25 信越化学工業株式会社 Method for producing a composition containing a perfluoropolyether compound containing a hydroxyl group at one end
US9945762B2 (en) * 2014-12-30 2018-04-17 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for introducing sample into a separation unit of a chromatography system without disrupting a mobile phase
US11009488B2 (en) * 2016-12-08 2021-05-18 Shimadzu Corporation Fluid chromatograph
JP6686933B2 (en) * 2017-02-23 2020-04-22 株式会社島津製作所 Chromatograph
JP6809316B2 (en) * 2017-03-15 2021-01-06 株式会社島津製作所 Loop injection mechanism
JP6993119B2 (en) * 2017-06-21 2022-01-13 株式会社島津製作所 Supercritical fluid chromatograph
CN111164423B (en) * 2017-10-04 2024-04-09 沃特世科技公司 Systems and methods for chromatography analysis
US11604174B2 (en) * 2018-11-16 2023-03-14 Waters Technologies Corporation System and method for monitoring phase-separation and mutual miscibility of fluid mixtures
EP3946670B1 (en) * 2019-03-25 2024-06-05 Waters Technologies Corporation Dual mode sample manager
US12385886B2 (en) * 2019-06-11 2025-08-12 Shimadzu Corporation Supercritical fluid chromatograph and sample supply method used in supercritical fluid chromatograph
EP4549929A3 (en) * 2019-12-23 2025-06-25 Waters Technologies Corporation Sample metering and injection for liquid chromatography
DE102022101546A1 (en) 2022-01-24 2023-07-27 Alexander Bozic Chromatography facility
DE102022113684A1 (en) 2022-05-31 2023-11-30 Alexander Bozic Chromatography system with fluid recycling
EP4540604A1 (en) 2022-06-17 2025-04-23 Trajan Scientific Australia Pty Ltd Compact and modular capillary liquid chromatography system
DE102023134788A1 (en) 2023-12-12 2025-06-12 Alexander Bozic Chromatography system
CN117949587B (en) * 2024-03-27 2024-07-09 江苏汉邦科技股份有限公司 Automatic sampler suitable for supercritical fluid chromatographic system
DE102024108921A1 (en) 2024-03-28 2025-10-02 Alexander Bozic Chromatography system with fluid recovery
DE102024117892A1 (en) 2024-06-25 2026-01-08 Alexander Bozic Chromatography system

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH076962B2 (en) * 1985-07-29 1995-01-30 日本分光工業株式会社 Direct introduction of fluid extract into chromatographic equipment
DE3850786T2 (en) * 1987-01-17 1995-01-12 Jasco Corp Pressure regulator.
US5139681A (en) * 1990-10-09 1992-08-18 The Dow Chemical Company On-line multidimensional chromatographic system with large volume injection handling for supercritical fluid chromatography
US5234599A (en) 1990-10-09 1993-08-10 The Dow Chemical Company On-line multidimensional chromatographic system with large volume injection handling for supercritical fluid chromatography
US6428702B1 (en) * 2001-08-01 2002-08-06 Berger Instruments, Inc. Method of sample introduction for supercritical fluid chromatography systems
US6576125B2 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-06-10 Berger Instruments, Inc. Method of sample introduction for chromatographic systems
JP4459633B2 (en) * 2004-01-13 2010-04-28 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 Sample injection method and injection apparatus
JP4508778B2 (en) * 2004-08-20 2010-07-21 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 Sample injection method, sample injection apparatus, and supercritical fluid chromatography apparatus having the same
JP5070062B2 (en) 2005-01-31 2012-11-07 ウオーターズ・テクノロジーズ・コーポレイシヨン Method and apparatus for sample injection in liquid chromatography
WO2008150763A1 (en) 2007-05-29 2008-12-11 Waters Investments Limited Apparatus and methods for multidimensional analysis
JP5833925B2 (en) * 2008-09-29 2015-12-16 ウオーターズ・テクノロジーズ・コーポレイシヨン Supercritical fluid chromatography with parallel screening
WO2010083147A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-07-22 Waters Technologies Corporation Rotating valve
JP5709358B2 (en) * 2009-04-02 2015-04-30 株式会社ダイセル Method for producing substances using supercritical fluid chromatography
WO2010118414A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Waters Technologies Corporation Apparatus and method for coupled lc-nmr analysis
FR2960643B1 (en) 2010-05-27 2012-07-20 Inst Francais Du Petrole DEVICE FOR MODULAR COUPLING BETWEEN SUPERCRITICAL AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIES, METHOD FOR REALIZING 3D QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
JP5755331B2 (en) * 2010-08-27 2015-07-29 ウオーターズ・テクノロジーズ・コーポレイシヨン Variable capacity injection valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2823280A4 (en) 2015-12-30
US20150047422A1 (en) 2015-02-19
JP2015509607A (en) 2015-03-30
US9764251B2 (en) 2017-09-19
JP6336402B2 (en) 2018-06-06
EP2823280B1 (en) 2023-04-26
WO2013134222A1 (en) 2013-09-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9764251B2 (en) Introducing samples into supercritical fluid chromatography systems
CN105308448B (en) Metering device switchable between different fluid paths cleaned by solvent from the analytical path of the fluid separation system
US9945762B2 (en) Apparatus and method for introducing sample into a separation unit of a chromatography system without disrupting a mobile phase
US10670568B2 (en) Controllable injector sample dilution for a liquid chromatography system
US7350401B2 (en) Liquid feeding system
JP2015509607A5 (en)
US10802001B2 (en) Online dilution for a liquid chromatography system using a sample metering pump
US20170336369A1 (en) System and method for performing a chromatography injection sequence using a single injection valve
US10183238B2 (en) Flow splitting in supercritical fluid chromatography systems
US11573210B2 (en) Dual mode sample manager
US10751642B2 (en) Select valve for liquid chromatography
US20240060939A1 (en) Sample metering and injection for liquid chromatography
CN111902718B (en) Sample separation device and method of operating a sample separation device
JP4597841B2 (en) Feed pump
US12589329B2 (en) Fluid separation with sampling unit selectively coupling upstream and downstream of separation unit
US11204338B2 (en) Liquid phase analysis device and analysis method for liquid phase analysis device
US20240385149A1 (en) Position synchronization of chromatography pumps during sample injection
KR20150079775A (en) Pump priming systems
CN113227783B (en) Configuring an injector to emulate operation of another injector

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20140821

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RA4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched (corrected)

Effective date: 20151126

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F16K 11/00 20060101ALN20151120BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/16 20060101AFI20151120BHEP

Ipc: G01N 1/00 20060101ALI20151120BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/14 20060101ALI20151120BHEP

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20210421

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20210506

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20210519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602013083682

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: G01N0001000000

Ipc: G01N0030160000

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: G01N0001000000

Ipc: G01N0030160000

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: G01N 30/20 20060101ALN20221123BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/28 20060101ALN20221123BHEP

Ipc: F16K 11/00 20060101ALN20221123BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/40 20060101ALI20221123BHEP

Ipc: G01N 1/00 20060101ALI20221123BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/14 20060101ALI20221123BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/16 20060101AFI20221123BHEP

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: G01N 30/20 20060101ALN20221125BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/28 20060101ALN20221125BHEP

Ipc: F16K 11/00 20060101ALN20221125BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/40 20060101ALI20221125BHEP

Ipc: G01N 1/00 20060101ALI20221125BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/14 20060101ALI20221125BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/16 20060101AFI20221125BHEP

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20221212

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: G01N 30/20 20060101ALN20230113BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/28 20060101ALN20230113BHEP

Ipc: F16K 11/00 20060101ALN20230113BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/40 20060101ALI20230113BHEP

Ipc: G01N 1/00 20060101ALI20230113BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/14 20060101ALI20230113BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/16 20060101AFI20230113BHEP

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: G01N 30/20 20060101ALN20230125BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/28 20060101ALN20230125BHEP

Ipc: F16K 11/00 20060101ALN20230125BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/40 20060101ALI20230125BHEP

Ipc: G01N 1/00 20060101ALI20230125BHEP

Ipc: B01D 15/14 20060101ALI20230125BHEP

Ipc: G01N 30/16 20060101AFI20230125BHEP

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20230221

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602013083682

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1563178

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20230515

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230612

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20230426

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1563178

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20230426

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602013083682

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: FORRESTERS IP LLP, DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230828

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230726

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230826

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602013083682

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20240129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240305

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240305

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20240331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240305

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240305

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240331

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240331

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20130305

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20130305

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230426

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20260219

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20260219

Year of fee payment: 14