EP2823072A1 - Bolt-like fastening element, in particular drilling screw, and connection established thereby - Google Patents
Bolt-like fastening element, in particular drilling screw, and connection established therebyInfo
- Publication number
- EP2823072A1 EP2823072A1 EP13709168.2A EP13709168A EP2823072A1 EP 2823072 A1 EP2823072 A1 EP 2823072A1 EP 13709168 A EP13709168 A EP 13709168A EP 2823072 A1 EP2823072 A1 EP 2823072A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- fastening element
- initial
- hardness
- head portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0093—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for screws; for bolts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
- F16B25/0026—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being a hard non-organic material, e.g. stone, concrete or drywall
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
- C21D2221/01—End parts (e.g. leading, trailing end)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bolt-like fastening element, in particular drilling screw, which is formed by pressing and / or rolling, with a head portion which has a holding portion and having an initial hardness, and having an initial portion which connects with a transition region to the head portion and additionally inductively hardened is such that the initial portion has a hardness that is higher than the initial hardness, wherein the fastener is made of carbon steel.
- Self-drilling screws made of carbon steel are now completely carbonitrided.
- carbonitriding the surface layer of a workpiece, mostly of steel, is enriched with carbon and nitrogen by thermochemical treatment.
- Carbonitriding is generally carried out in gas or in a salt bath.
- a carbonitrided screw is completely hard, so it also has little ductility in the head section.
- Carbonitriding is an expensive process.
- Hardening is also independent of length, ie the screw is hardened over its entire length.
- Such screws have a relatively low flexural strength and a low extensibility in the shaft region, comprising the head, the holding portion and the beginning portion. Examples of such screws are known in the art, as shown below.
- the document DE 103 15 957 A1 shows a screw of the type mentioned with a partially hardened functional tip.
- the screw is made of a low-alloyed carbon steel.
- the functional tip has a greater hardness in the outer region of limited radial depth to the holding section.
- the screw body has been formed by pressing and rolling, and then the functional tip has been subjected to a hardening process.
- the screw body may be tempered or case hardened before partial curing of the functional tip. The tempering is carried out by heating and subsequent quenching and tempering, case hardening by carburizing or carbonizing during heating, followed by quenching and tempering. This hardening impairs the ductility in the head section of the screw.
- the hardness does not extend over the entire circumference of the same, but only over portions of the circumference. Heating takes place by inductive heating. The drilling performance of such a screw is limited because the hardening is limited to portions of the circumference of the functional tip.
- Screw a weld and a mixed texture.
- a stainless steel drilling screw is known, which is formed in one piece.
- the screw which is made entirely of stainless steel, is partially hardened at the drill bit and in the subsequent thread forming area.
- the remaining part of the screw, which should remain uncured, is previously covered with hardening agents.
- the drill bit and the thread forming zone are case hardened.
- the edge zone is carbonitrided, but this affects the ductility.
- the document DE 22 1 1 608 B2 shows a thread-forming screw, in which the hardening is localized in two respects, namely both in the axial direction of the thread-forming portion and over this in the radial direction to only a portion of the depth of this section.
- Hardening is by induction hardening. The largest hardness of the thread is limited to the thread forming section and extends here at most slightly into the thread core.
- the carbon steel with 0.2 to 0.6% carbon is a tempering steel and the steel part is a bolt or a screw.
- the object of the invention is to provide a bolt-like fastener, in particular drilling screw, of the type mentioned in such a way that results in a better ductility of the fastener and a brittle failure of the set fastener is prevented.
- the fastening element is produced from a blank of a carbon steel with an initial tensile strength of at least 800 N / mm 2 by cold forming.
- is in the head portion has substantially the bosszugfest für and is ductile and is hardened in the initial portion to the central axis to a hardness which is at least twice as high as the initial hardness in the head portion, and that in the head portion (LK) of bolt-like fastener the notch impact work has at least three times the value compared to the initial section (LA).
- the production is economical because the fastener is hardened only at the top, so only partially
- the fastener according to the invention designed as a drilling screw is a pure carbon-steel screw with partial inductive hardening of drill bit and thread and with a soft shank the drill bit is hardened throughout
- the hardened drill bit gives a higher drilling and forming performance
- the soft shaft (head portion) provides increased bending and stretching properties
- the hardening process can be directly connected to the rolling process and can be carried out in the same plant as the rolling process
- the carbon steel is a tempering steel.
- Heat-treated steel is an unalloyed or alloyed structural steel which, due to its chemical composition, is suitable for tempering.
- the achievable hardness depends essentially on the C content.
- a tempering steel is used, which is suitable for induction hardening, z.
- the tempered steel C60E.
- Heat-treated steels are preferably used in screw production. Further information on tempered steels can be found in "Heat Treating Steels, Use of Steels / Steels with Special Properties", Technical Series, Brütsch-Rüegger AG, Internet: www.brr.ch, which is an excerpt from Stahlreport 12/99).
- this is a drill screw with a drill bit, a rivet, a bolt, a nail or a spike.
- the central axis in the head portion relative to the central axis in the initial portion bendable by at least 90 degrees, wherein the bend takes place in a non-threaded portion of the head portion, when the bolt-like fastener is a self-drilling screw.
- a nail bender according to EN 409: 1993 can be used to prove a brittle fracture-free bending ability.
- the center axis in the holding area of the head section is opposite bendable over the central axis in the initial section by at least 45 degrees when flexing occurs in the threaded holding area.
- the aforementioned nail bender is also used in this case.
- the initial hardness in the head section 250 HV 0 , 3rd has in the bolt-like fastener according to the invention after the induction hardening thereof at least twice the value, ie a value of at least 500 HV 0 , 3rd
- the invention provides a connection of parts of a shell to a building with a bolt-like fastener according to the invention and a connection of parts to the roof of a building with a bolt-like fastener according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 is a diagram of the hardness curve, in which the Vickers hardness over the cure length is plotted
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a bolt-like fastening element according to the invention, which is designed as a spike and in which the hardening profile of FIG. 1 results,
- FIG. 4 shows a diagram for the hardness curve in a second embodiment of the bolt-like fastening element according to the invention, in which the Vickers hardness is plotted over the cure length
- FIG. 5 shows the second embodiment of the bolt-like fastening element according to the invention, which is designed as a screw with Eindringspitze and in which the hardness profile of FIG. 4,
- FIG. 7 the screw according to FIG. 5, but bent over in a holding region of the head section by 45 degrees, FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows a diagram for the hardness curve in a third embodiment of the bolt-like fastening element according to the invention, in which the Vickers hardness is plotted over the hardening length
- FIG. 9 shows the third embodiment of the bolt-like fastening element, which is designed as a drill screw with drill bit and in which the hardness profile of FIG. 8 results,
- Fig. 1 the drill screw with drill bit of FIG. 9, but bent in a holding portion of the head portion by 45 degrees.
- Figs. 1-3 relate to a first embodiment of a bolt-like fastener according to the invention, which is formed as a spike, which is generally designated 10.
- the spike has 10 a length L and over this length a head portion LK and an initial portion LA, which connects with a transition region LÜ to the head portion LK.
- the initial section LA of the spike 10 is provided with a bend through which the clear width of the spike 10, which would otherwise be equal to the shaft diameter of the spike 10, is correspondingly increased.
- a spike fasteners can be made in concrete, without the need of a dowel to be used. In the concrete, a hole is made, which essentially corresponds to the shaft diameter of the spike. The spike is hammered into this hole. The shaft is slightly stretched in the initial section LA. Due to the resulting tension between the initial section LA and bore wall of the spike is anchored in the bore non-positively.
- the spike 10 has an initial hardness that is increased by partial inductive hardening of the spike 10 in the initial section LA to a value that is at least twice as high as the initial hardness in the head section LK.
- the spike 10 is made of a carbon steel, it has an initial tensile strength of at least 800 N / mm 2 . It is brought by cold forming in the form shown in Fig. 2.
- the spike 10 has a head 12.
- Fig. 1 shows, plotted over the length L of the spike 10, a graph of the hardness curve in which the Vickers hardness over the cure length s is plotted.
- the graph shows that the initial hardness in the head portion is LK 250 HV and, after induction hardening, in the initial portion 500 HV.
- the hardness initially drops to a lower value of about 150 HV, remains at this value over a short distance of the hardening length and then increases linearly to twice the initial hardness, ie to 500 HV. It has proved to be advantageous if the increase in hardness compared to the initial hardness is at least 2: 1.
- the decrease of the hardness in the transition area LÜ should amount to a maximum of 50%.
- the carbon steel used for the spike 10 is preferably a tempering steel, preferably the low alloy C-steel C60E.
- the production of the spike 10 takes place from a blank of a carbon steel wire with the already mentioned initial tensile strength of at least 800 N / mm 2 by cold forming.
- the shank portion of the fastener 10 corresponding to the head portion LK retains the initial tensile strength and remains ductile because the induction hardening of the spike 10 is limited to the initial portion LA and the transition area LÜ.
- the spike 10 is through-hardened to a central axis 12 to a hardness which, as stated, is at least twice as high as the initial hardness in the head section LK.
- the ductility of the spike 10 is expressed by the fact that the notched impact work in the head section LK has at least three times the value of the initial section LA.
- the ductility exhibited by the spike 10 even after induction hardening is that the central axis 13 in the head section LK is bendable by at least 90 degrees with respect to the central axis 13 in the initial section LA, the bending taking place in a thread-free region of the head section.
- the bolt-like fastener is a cutting or drilling screw 20 and 30, which will be discussed in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 5-12.
- the bolt-like fastener is a total of 20 designated tapping screw having a head 22, a Eindringpitze 24 and a thread 26.
- the thread 26 extends as shown in Fig. 5 via an initial portion LA, a transition region LÜ and a holding portion LH.
- the holding area LH is a part of a head portion LK.
- the shank of the tapping screw 20 has a length L. including the penetration syringe 24.
- the thread 26 is a cutting thread such as e.g. with a chipboard or sheet metal screw.
- the tapping screw 20 provided with the indenting tip 24 cuts its own thread.
- FIG. 4 shows a diagram for the hardness curve over the hardness length s, which corresponds to the length L of the tapping screw 20.
- the Vickers hardness HV is plotted over the hardness length s, the initial hardness and the hardness after the induction hardening are respectively given in percent, namely with 100% or 200%.
- the hardness curve corresponds to that of FIG. 1 and therefore need not be described in detail.
- the final hardness in the initial section LA is twice the initial hardness in the head section LK.
- the Eindringpitze 24, the inlet and a maximum of eight threads or a maximum of 10 mm of the thread 26 are cured.
- Fig. 6 shows the tapping screw 20 of FIG. 5, but bent in the unthreaded portion of the head portion LK by 90 degrees.
- the central axis 23 in the holding portion LH of the head portion LG relative to the central axis 23 in the initial section LA bendable by 45 degrees, without causing any brittle failure or other damage to the fastener. This is shown in FIG. 7.
- test results obtained with the above-mentioned nail bender according to EN 409: 1993 are of the same quality as in the spike 10 according to FIGS. 1-3.
- Figs. 8-1 show a third embodiment of the fastener of the invention formed as a self-drilling screw and indicated generally at 30.
- the drill screw 30 has a head 32, a drill bit 34 and a thread 36.
- FIG. 8 again shows a diagram for the hardness profile, in this case for the drilling screw 30, the Vickers hardness HV being plotted over the hardness length s in the diagram.
- FIG. 9 shows the drilling screw 30, over the length L of which the hardness profile according to FIG. 8 results.
- the drilling screw 30 is bent in Fig. 9 in the head portion LK by 90 degrees.
- the drilling screw 30 according to FIG. 9 is bent by 45 degrees in a holding region LH of the head section LK.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012102019A DE102012102019B3 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2012-03-09 | Bolt-type fastening element, in particular drill screw, and thus produced connection |
PCT/EP2013/054265 WO2013131849A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2013-03-04 | Bolt-like fastening element, in particular drilling screw, and connection established thereby |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2823072A1 true EP2823072A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
Family
ID=47882128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13709168.2A Withdrawn EP2823072A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2013-03-04 | Bolt-like fastening element, in particular drilling screw, and connection established thereby |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150010376A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2823072A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012102019B3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013131849A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2886882A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-24 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Offset dowel device |
US11028457B2 (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2021-06-08 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method of heat treating a fastening member |
EP3561319B1 (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2020-09-23 | Safran Landing Systems UK Limited | Aircraft assembly |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1077994A (en) * | 1963-04-18 | 1967-08-02 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Process for producing cold-forged products from tempered steel wire |
US4021274A (en) * | 1975-03-26 | 1977-05-03 | Russell, Birdsall & Ward, Inc. | Method for heat treating by induced current |
US4258607A (en) * | 1978-05-08 | 1981-03-31 | Microdot Inc. | Vibration resistant screw |
GB2265911B (en) * | 1992-04-02 | 1995-04-05 | Inlex Locking Ltd | Method of heat treating a zone of each of a plurality of articles |
DE4417921A1 (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1995-11-30 | Fabricius Fastener Gmbh | Window/facade screw fastener |
US5605423A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-02-25 | Elco Textron, In. | Self-drilling stud |
US5755542A (en) * | 1996-08-06 | 1998-05-26 | Elco Textron, Inc. | Self-drilling/self-tapping fastener |
DE19840298A1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-16 | Ejot Verbindungstech Gmbh & Co | Self-tapping light metal screw and process for their manufacture |
US6109851A (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-08-29 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Screws having selected heat treatment and hardening |
US6086305A (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-07-11 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Nails having selected heat treatment and hardening |
US6338600B2 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2002-01-15 | Ejot Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Self-tapping, corrosion-resistant screw with hardened tip |
DE10033471C1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2001-12-06 | Sfs Ind Holding Ag Heerbrugg | Self-boring screw made from stainless steel used in the building industry has a shaft made from two sections of stainless steel connected together |
US6332741B1 (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2001-12-25 | Textron, Inc. | Masonry anchor device |
JP4188010B2 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2008-11-26 | 有限会社新城製作所 | Heat resistant drill screw |
DE10315957A1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-28 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw with a partially hardened functional tip and process for its manufacture |
DE202009011665U1 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2009-12-10 | Röttgers, Christoph | Stainless steel drilling screw |
-
2012
- 2012-03-09 DE DE102012102019A patent/DE102012102019B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-03-04 WO PCT/EP2013/054265 patent/WO2013131849A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-04 EP EP13709168.2A patent/EP2823072A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-03-04 US US14/379,405 patent/US20150010376A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150010376A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
DE102012102019B3 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
WO2013131849A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
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