EP2816973A1 - Cup for an orthopaedic implant, orthopaedic implant comprising such a cup and method for producing such a cup - Google Patents

Cup for an orthopaedic implant, orthopaedic implant comprising such a cup and method for producing such a cup

Info

Publication number
EP2816973A1
EP2816973A1 EP13710480.8A EP13710480A EP2816973A1 EP 2816973 A1 EP2816973 A1 EP 2816973A1 EP 13710480 A EP13710480 A EP 13710480A EP 2816973 A1 EP2816973 A1 EP 2816973A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cup
tapered
outer layer
spacers
shape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13710480.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre-Etienne MOREAU
Thibault LORIOT DE ROUVRAY
Thomas BROSSET
Julien DUMAS
Jean-Michel DELOBELLE
Henri-Paul PRUDENT
Jean-François BATAILLE
Bertrand BLANADET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Galactic SA
Original Assignee
Galactic SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Galactic SA filed Critical Galactic SA
Publication of EP2816973A1 publication Critical patent/EP2816973A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2002/3092—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth having an open-celled or open-pored structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2002/30968—Sintering
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4619—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof for extraction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an orthopedic implant cup.
  • the present invention relates to an orthopedic implant, such as an acetabular implant, comprising such a cup.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing such a cup.
  • the present invention finds particular application in the field of reconstructive surgery and orthopedics.
  • the present invention finds application in making cups for orthopedic implants to be implanted in the acetabular cavity, so as to form a hip prosthesis.
  • EP01 49975 A1 discloses an acetabular cup cup having an internal cavity adapted to house a hinge member, such as a prosthetic femoral head.
  • the cup has an outer layer which is generally in the form of a half-spheroid and which is intended to be secured to the iliac bone.
  • the outer layer is striated grooves on which can cling and grow the bone tissue.
  • the cup of EP0149975A1 is intended to be permanently implanted in the pelvic bone.
  • the extraction of a cup of the prior art involves a random tearing with efforts in all directions, which may destroy a significant amount of bone tissue surrounding the cup.
  • the cup of EP0149975A1 has an outer surface of relatively small area, which limits the growth and attachment of bone tissue on the cup.
  • the present invention aims to solve, in whole or in part, the problems mentioned above.
  • the subject of the invention is a cup for an orthopedic implant such as an acetabulum implant intended to be implanted in a bone, the cup having an internal cavity adapted to house a hinge member, the cup having a outer layer intended to be bonded to the bone, the outer layer having generally the shape of a spheroidal portion, preferably in the form of a half-spheroid, the outer layer being made of metallic material;
  • the cup being characterized in that the outer layer comprises at least one meshwork network defined by nodes and braces connecting the nodes to each other, each node being formed by the intersection of a plurality of spacers, said spacers comprising tapered spacers; each of which is tapered, said tapered spacers being arranged so that the tapered shapes are oriented uniformly.
  • the outer layer is porous and the envelope of the orientation directions of all the tapered shapes is a spheroidal portion.
  • such a cup allows local ablation of bone tissue, as opposed to global tearing.
  • the operator can indeed print a determined movement to the orthopedic implant, so the cupu.
  • this determined movement can be a revolution with a step to the left in line with the orientation direction of the tapered shapes.
  • the tapered shapes then cut the bone tissue.
  • the extraction effort to be exerted is relatively small and damage to the bone tissue is reduced to the minimum necessary.
  • such a mesh network promotes the growth of bone tissue and its good adhesion to the outer layer.
  • network designates a set of nodes having at least two dimensions and having a spatial periodicity, that is to say that when one translates into space according to certain vectors, one finds exactly the same environment.
  • the term "tapered shape” means a relatively thin and elongated shape and thins towards at least one of its edges.
  • a knife blade has a tapered shape.
  • a tapered shape has at least one acute edge which has a radius of curvature smaller than the radius of curvature of another edge of the tapered shape.
  • the radius of curvature of an acute edge may be between 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm, while the radius of curvature of another edge may be between 0.15 mm and 0.5 mm.
  • the term "uniform" indicates that the tapered shapes have a common general orientation that extends parallel to the spheroidal surface of the outer layer.
  • the outer layer may have a sphere shape or a spheroid shape flattened at the poles and widened at the equator, in the manner of a geoid.
  • said tapered spacers are arranged so that their tapered shapes are oriented in respective directions which are circumferential directions for the spheroid portion.
  • a circumferential direction is a direction locally tangent to the spheroid portion.
  • At least one subset of tapered struts has tapered shapes oriented in a direction parallel to the equatorial plane of the spheroid portion.
  • the term "subassembly” designates a plurality of spacers which are oriented along at least one axis of common orientation.
  • the spacers of a subset may be parallel to each other; they may have an axis parallel to a given direction which is tangent to the spheroid portion.
  • the outer layer may comprise one or more sub-assembly (s) of tapered spacers which may participate in the ablation of the bone tissue, as well as subsets of non-tapered spacers, for example round, which do not participate in the removal of bone tissue. Ablation of the bone tissue is performed in a preferred direction which is defined by the tapered subset (s).
  • At least two tapered spacers converge at each node.
  • At least one subset of spacers has its tapered shapes oriented in a direction perpendicular to the equatorial plane of the spheroid portion.
  • At least one subset of spacers has its tapered shapes oriented in directions forming an angle of 45 ° with the equatorial plane of the spheroid portion.
  • each spacer has generally the shape of a cylinder whose axis connects two consecutive nodes of said at least one network.
  • Such a cylinder shape ensures homogeneous ablation along the entire length of a spacer. Ablation of the bone tissue is therefore performed at any point of the or each network, which further facilitates the extraction of the cup, so the orthopedic implant.
  • each tapered spacer has an oblong and symmetrical cross section relative to its longitudinal axis, each tapered spacer preferably having a generally pear-shaped cross section.
  • the tapered shape has two relatively "acute" edges or a relatively small radius of curvature.
  • each tapered shape has two wires on the same blade.
  • the ablation movement can be performed indifferently in both directions of the uniform orientation of the tapered shapes.
  • juxtaposed networks simplify the manufacture of the covered cup, completely or almost network (x), because the spacers of a network can have constant directions not necessarily indexed on the radial, axial or circumferential directions of the portion of spheroid.
  • each network substantially covers a quarter of the spheroid portion, each quarter extending between meridians spaced at an angle of less than 35 °, preferably less than 25 °.
  • the outer layer comprises two mesh networks which are interpenetrated and whose meshes have equivalent dimensions.
  • the meshes are stacked and staggered with identical orientations between meshes of interpenetrating networks.
  • interpenetrating networks could be described as a "centric interior cubic" arrangement.
  • interpenetrated networks make it possible to increase the dimensions of the pores of the outer layer relative to the cross-section of the spacers, which makes it possible to create an outer layer having a higher porosity, and thus better suited to the growth of bone tissue.
  • each mesh has dimensions of between 200 micrometers and 800 micrometers, preferably between 430 micrometers and 650 micrometers.
  • each mesh promote good growth of bone tissue.
  • the mesh size defines indeed porosities or empty volumes, in which the bone tissue can develop.
  • each mesh generally has a parallelepipedal shape with a rectangular base, preferably a right parallelepiped, each mesh having for example a cube shape.
  • a geometry mesh is relatively simple to achieve.
  • the density of the outer layer is between 30% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 80%, more preferably equal to about 75%.
  • such a density provides a high porosity, which allows a fast and dense growth of bone tissue.
  • the outer layer has a thickness of between 0.3 mm and 7 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.
  • the outer layer occupies 80% of the height of the cup, which further increases the cohesion of the bone tissue.
  • the metallic material is a biocompatible material, which is implantable and compatible with a generative process by powder sintering, the metallic material being able in particular to be selected from the group consisting of pure titanium, an alloy based on titanium, chromium, cobalt and stainless steel.
  • such a metallic material gives the outer layer and the cupule the mechanical and chemical resistance necessary for bone implantation.
  • such a metallic material can be implemented in a generative process, with a view to producing a cup according to the invention.
  • the subject of the present invention is an orthopedic implant comprising a tube according to the invention and an articulation member formed by an insert fixed in the internal cavity, for example by fitting.
  • such an orthopedic implant comprises two main components, including an insert which forms the internal cavity for receiving a prosthetic femoral head.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method for producing a cup according to the invention, the method comprising the steps of:
  • a generative process machine for example a selective laser sintering machine, so as to sintering the stratum in a manner determined by a control unit;
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cup according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view, truncated by a meridian plane II in Figure 1, of the cup of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, at an angle different from Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view along the plane IV in Figure 3, the cup of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of an orthopedic implant according to the invention comprising the cup of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cup of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cup of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of Detail VIII in Figure 2;
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cup of Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9 of a portion of a cup according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10, showing on a smaller scale the part of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cup 2 according to the invention for forming an orthopedic implant 1 according to the invention and visible in FIG. 5.
  • the cup 2 is intended to be implanted in an iliac bone at the level of an acetabular cavity. not shown.
  • the cup 2 has an internal cavity 4 adapted to house a hinge member of the orthopedic implant 1, as described below in connection with FIG. 5.
  • the cup 2 has an outer layer 10 to be secured to the iliac bone not shown.
  • the outer layer 10 has the overall shape of a half-spheroid, polar axis Z10 and equatorial plane P10. In this application, the term “external” is used as opposed to the term “internal”. The outer layer 10 therefore has a position opposite to the internal cavity 4.
  • the cup 2 also has an inner layer 12 which defines the internal cavity 4.
  • the outer layer 10 has a thickness E10 of about 1 mm and the inner layer 12 has a thickness E12 of about 4 mm. Since the thicknesses E10 and E12 vary as a function of the latitude on the outer layer 10, the thicknesses E10 and E12 are here measured at the equatorial plane P10 of the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 10. At this point, the outer layer 10 represents about 16% of the thickness E2 of the cup 2.
  • the outer layer 10 is made of metallic material.
  • the inner layer 12 is made of metal material, which is in this case similar to that forming the outer layer 10. Indeed, in the example of Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the outer layer 10 and the inner layer 12 are monoblock, in one piece.
  • the metallic material is here an alloy based on titanium, chromium, cobalt, as defined for example by the standards ISO 5832 and ASTM F 136. This metallic material is biocompatible, implantable and compatible with a generative process by powder sintering .
  • Figure 5 illustrates the orthopedic implant 1 according to the invention which comprises the cup 2 and a hinge member formed by an insert 14 which is fixed in the inner cavity 4 by fitting.
  • the insert 14 has an inner hinge surface 16 that is substantially spherical to receive a not shown femoral head prosthesis.
  • the orthopedic implant 1 is an acetabulum implant for a hip prosthesis.
  • the outer layer 10 comprises several mesh networks, five of which are visible in FIG. 2 with reference 20.
  • the networks 20 cover a substantial part of the layer. external 10.
  • the spherical cap 11 here represents about 20% of the area of the half-spheroid and the outer layer 10 here represents about 80% of the area of the half-spheroid.
  • the outer layer 10 extends over approximately 80% of the height of the half-spheroid.
  • each network 20 comprises meshes 22.
  • Each mesh 22 is defined by nodes 24 and spacers 25 and 26 connecting the nodes 24 between them.
  • Each node 24 is formed by the intersection of several spacers 25 and 26.
  • the spacers 25 and 26 comprise so-called tapered spacers 26 which each have a tapered shape.
  • the spacers 25 and 26 comprise spacers 25 which each have a generally cylindrical shape with a circular base and an axis perpendicular to the respective axes of the tapered struts 26.
  • the spacer 25 has a generally cylindrical shape with a circular base and an axis perpendicular to the respective axes of the tapered struts 26.
  • each mesh 22 has a generally cubic shape.
  • a subassembly 27 of spacers 25 is perpendicular to two subassemblies 28 and 29 of spacers 26.
  • the subassembly 27 comprises spacers 25 parallel to each other
  • the subassembly 28 comprises tapered spacers 26 parallel to each other
  • the subassembly 29 comprises tapered spacers 26 parallel to each other.
  • the spacers 26 of the subassembly 28 are locally parallel to each other.
  • the spacers 25 of the subassembly 27 are locally parallel to each other.
  • the spacers 26 of the subassembly 29 are locally parallel to each other.
  • each mesh 22 has dimensions L26 which are identical and which measure approximately 600 micrometers.
  • the density of the outer layer 10 is about 75%.
  • the density of the outer layer 1 0 is calculated by carrying out the ratio having:
  • the volume of material of the outer layer comprises the networks 20; in other words, the "real" volume of the outer layer 10; and for denominator, the geometrically delimited volume of the envelope of the outer layer 10 considered to be full, in other words the "virtual" flight of the outer layer 10.
  • each tapered spacer 26 generally has a tapered shape.
  • each tapered spacer 26 has an acute edge 26.1 that has a radius of curvature smaller than the radius of curvature of another edge 26.2 of the tapered spacer 26.
  • the radius of curvature of an acute edge 26.1 is about 0.10 mm, while the radius of curvature of another edge 26.2 is about 0.15 mm.
  • An acute edge 26.1 corresponds to the "thread" of a tapered spacer 26.
  • the tapered spacers 26 are arranged so that the tapered shapes, which tap towards the sharp edges 26.1, are oriented uniformly.
  • the tapered shapes of the tapered struts 26 have a common general orientation which extends parallel to the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 10.
  • the cylindrical struts 25 and the tapered struts 26 respectively belonging to the subassemblies 27 and 28 are oriented in respective directions D26.1 and D26.2.
  • D ectio ns respec tio ns D 26. 1 and D 26 .2 are circumferential directions for the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 1 0. These circumferential d irections are locally tangent to the half-spheroid.
  • the tapered spacers 26 belonging to the subassembly 29 are oriented in a direction which is generally parallel to the meridian plane of the spheroidal outer layer.
  • the spacers 26 of the subassembly 27 have their tapered shapes which are oriented in a direction D26 which is parallel to the equatorial plane P10 of the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 10.
  • each spacer 25 or each tapered spacer 26 is generally in the form of a cylinder whose axis is relative to two consecutive nodes 24 of the grating 20.
  • Each spacer 25 or each tapered spacer 26 has a section transverse oblong and symmetrical with respect to its long longitudinal axis.
  • Each spacer or tapered spacer 26 has a generally pear-shaped cross section.
  • the outer layer 1 0 comprises several networks 20 j uxtaposed angularly.
  • meshes 22.1 and 22.2 respectively belonging to two consecutive networks 20 form a dihedral angle A22 of about 25 °.
  • Each network 20 substantially covers a quarter of the spheroid forming the outer layer 1 0.
  • Each quarter extends between meridians M1, M2 and equivalents which are spaced two by two by an angle A22 of about 15 °.
  • each network 20 and equivalent is associated with a portion of the cup 2. In practice, a portion is rotated so as to design the totality of the cup 2.
  • the networks 20 and the like are almost invisible to the naked eye on the cup 2 made. However, the networks 20 can be observed on the cup 2 by means of an instrument with optical magnification, for example a microscope.
  • FIGS. 1 0 and 1 1 illustrate a portion of a cup according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • this cup is similar to cup 2
  • the description of cup 2 given above in relation to FIGS. 1 to 9 can be transposed to the cup of FIGS. 10 and 11 with the exception of significant differences as set out below.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 An element of the cup of FIGS. 10 and 11 which is identical or corresponding, by its structure or function, to an element of the cup 2 bears the same numerical reference increased by 100. thus an outer layer 1 1 0, networks 120.1 and 1 20.2, meshes 122.1 and 122.2, nodes 1 24, spacers 1 25 cylindrical circular base and tapered spacers 126 with acute edges 126.1.
  • the cup of FIGS. 10 and 11 differs from the cup 2 because the outer layer 1 comprises two networks 120.1 and 1 20.2 which are interpenetrated and whose meshes 122.1 and 1 22.2 have equivalent dimensions.
  • the meshes 122.1 and 1 22.2 are stacked and shifted with identical orientations between meshes 122.1 and 122.2 of the networks 120.1 and 120.2.
  • a method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a cup according to the invention, in particular cup 2.
  • Such a method comprises the steps of:
  • the generative process machine may for example be a selective laser sintering machine capable of processing a metallic material, for example a machine produced by the companies PHEN IX SYSTEM, EOS, etc.
  • the machine may implement a so-called fusion technique.
  • the present invention has been exemplified above in relation to the embodiments illustrated in the figures. However, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the present invention comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their technically possible combinations.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

This cup (2) has an internal cavity (4), for an articulation member (14), and an external metal layer (10) consisting of a portion of spheroid. The external layer (10) comprises networks (20) of meshes (22) with nodes (24) and struts (25, 26). The struts (25, 26) comprise so-called tapered struts (26) which each have a tapered design. The tapered struts (26) are arranged such that the tapered shapes are positioned in a uniform manner.

Description

CUPULE POUR IMPLANT ORTHOPEDIQUE, IMPLANT ORTHOPEDIQUE COMPRENANT UNE TELLE CUPULE ET PROCEDE POUR REALISER CUPLE FOR ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANT, ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANT COMPRISING SUCH A CUPULE AND METHOD FOR REALIZING THE SAME
UNE TELLE CUPULE La présente invention concerne une cupule pour implant orthopédique. De pl u s , l a p résen te i nvent ion co n cern e u n implant orthopédique, tel qu'un implant cotyloïdien, comprenant une telle cupule. Par ailleurs, la présente invention concerne un procédé, pour fabriquer une telle cupule. The present invention relates to an orthopedic implant cup. Of course, the present invention relates to an orthopedic implant, such as an acetabular implant, comprising such a cup. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a cup.
La présente invention trouve notamment application dans le domaine de la chirurgie réparatrice et de l'orthopédie. En particulier, la présente invention trouve appl ication dans la réalisation de cupules pour implants orthopédiques à implanter dans la cavité acétabulaire, de façon à former une prothèse de hanche.  The present invention finds particular application in the field of reconstructive surgery and orthopedics. In particular, the present invention finds application in making cups for orthopedic implants to be implanted in the acetabular cavity, so as to form a hip prosthesis.
EP01 49975A1 décrit une cupu le pour implant cotyloïdien présentant une cavité interne adaptée pour loger un organe d'articulation, tel qu'une tête fémorale prothétique. La cupule présente une couche externe qui a globalement la forme d'un dem i-sphéroïde et qui est destinée à être solidarisée à l'os iliaque. À cet effet, la couche externe est striée de rainures sur lesquelles peut s'accrocher et croître le tissu osseux.  EP01 49975 A1 discloses an acetabular cup cup having an internal cavity adapted to house a hinge member, such as a prosthetic femoral head. The cup has an outer layer which is generally in the form of a half-spheroid and which is intended to be secured to the iliac bone. For this purpose, the outer layer is striated grooves on which can cling and grow the bone tissue.
Cependant, la cupule de EP0149975A1 est prévue pour être implantée définitivement dans l'os iliaque. Or, il est parfois nécessaire d'extraire la prothèse de hanche, par exemple pour remplacer un composant défaillant de la prothèse de hanche. Mais l'extraction d'une cupule de l'art antérieur implique un arrachement aléatoire avec des efforts dans toutes les directions, ce qui risque de détruire une quantité importante du tissu osseux entourant la cupule.  However, the cup of EP0149975A1 is intended to be permanently implanted in the pelvic bone. However, it is sometimes necessary to extract the hip prosthesis, for example to replace a failed component of the hip prosthesis. But the extraction of a cup of the prior art involves a random tearing with efforts in all directions, which may destroy a significant amount of bone tissue surrounding the cup.
En outre, la cupule de EP0149975A1 présente une surface externe de superficie relativement faible, ce qui limite la croissance et l'accrochage du tissu osseux sur la cupule.  In addition, the cup of EP0149975A1 has an outer surface of relatively small area, which limits the growth and attachment of bone tissue on the cup.
La présente invention vise notamment à résoudre, en tout ou partie, les problèmes mentionnés ci-avant.  The present invention aims to solve, in whole or in part, the problems mentioned above.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une cupule, pour implant orthopédique tel qu'un implant cotyloïdien, destinée à être implantée dans un os, la cupule présentant une cavité interne adaptée pour loger un organe d'articulation, la cupule présentant une couche externe destinée à être solidarisée à l'os, la couche externe ayant globalement la forme d'une portion de sphéroïde, de préférence la forme d'un demi-sphéroïde, la couche externe étant réalisée en matériau métallique ; For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a cup for an orthopedic implant such as an acetabulum implant intended to be implanted in a bone, the cup having an internal cavity adapted to house a hinge member, the cup having a outer layer intended to be bonded to the bone, the outer layer having generally the shape of a spheroidal portion, preferably in the form of a half-spheroid, the outer layer being made of metallic material;
la cupule étant caractérisée e n ce q u e l a couche externe comprend au moins un réseau de mailles définies par des nœuds et par des entretoises reliant les nœuds entre eux, chaque nœud étant formé par l'intersection de plusieurs entretoises, lesdites entretoises comprenant des entretoises d ites effilées q u i o n t chacune u ne forme effil ée, l esdites entretoises effilées étant agencées de sorte que les formes effilées sont orientées de manière uniforme.  the cup being characterized in thatthe outer layer comprises at least one meshwork network defined by nodes and braces connecting the nodes to each other, each node being formed by the intersection of a plurality of spacers, said spacers comprising tapered spacers; each of which is tapered, said tapered spacers being arranged so that the tapered shapes are oriented uniformly.
En d'autres termes, la couche externe est poreuse et l'enveloppe des directions d'orientation de toutes les formes effilées est une portion de sphéroïde.  In other words, the outer layer is porous and the envelope of the orientation directions of all the tapered shapes is a spheroidal portion.
Ainsi, une telle cupule permet de réaliser une ablation locale du tissu osseux, par opposition à un arrachement global. À cet effet, l'opérateur peut en effet imprimer un mouvement déterminé à l'implant orthopédique, donc à la cupu le. Par exemple, ce mouvement déterminé peut être une révolution avec un pas à gauche en adéquation avec la direction d'orientation des formes effilées. Les formes effilées découpent alors le tissu osseux. Lorsque l'opérateur extrait la cupule, l'effort d'extraction à exercer est relativement faible et l'endommagement du tissu osseux est réduit au strict nécessaire. De plus, un tel réseau de mailles favorise la croissance du tissu osseux et son bon accrochage sur la couche externe.  Thus, such a cup allows local ablation of bone tissue, as opposed to global tearing. For this purpose, the operator can indeed print a determined movement to the orthopedic implant, so the cupu. For example, this determined movement can be a revolution with a step to the left in line with the orientation direction of the tapered shapes. The tapered shapes then cut the bone tissue. When the operator extracts the cup, the extraction effort to be exerted is relatively small and damage to the bone tissue is reduced to the minimum necessary. In addition, such a mesh network promotes the growth of bone tissue and its good adhesion to the outer layer.
Dans la présente demande, le terme « réseau » désigne un ensemble de nœuds ayant au moins deux dimensions et présentant une périodicité spatiale, c'est-à-dire que lorsqu'on se translate dans l'espace selon certains vecteurs, on retrouve exactement le même environnement.  In the present application, the term "network" designates a set of nodes having at least two dimensions and having a spatial periodicity, that is to say that when one translates into space according to certain vectors, one finds exactly the same environment.
Dans la présente demande, le terme « forme effilée » désigne une forme relativement fine et allongée et qui s'amincit vers au moins un de ses bords. Par exemple, une lame de couteau présente une forme effilée. En d'autres termes, une forme effilée présente au moins un bord dit aigu qui a un rayon de courbure inférieur au rayon de courbure d'un autre bord de la forme effilée. Typiquement, le rayon de courbure d'un bord aigu peut être compris entre 0,1 mm et 0,15 mm, tandis que le rayon de courbure d'un autre bord peut être compris entre 0,15 mm et 0,5 mm. Dans la présente demande, le terme « uniforme » indique que les formes effilées ont une orientation générale commune qui s'étend parallèlement à la surface sphéroïdale de la couche externe. In the present application, the term "tapered shape" means a relatively thin and elongated shape and thins towards at least one of its edges. For example, a knife blade has a tapered shape. In other words, a tapered shape has at least one acute edge which has a radius of curvature smaller than the radius of curvature of another edge of the tapered shape. Typically, the radius of curvature of an acute edge may be between 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm, while the radius of curvature of another edge may be between 0.15 mm and 0.5 mm. In the present application, the term "uniform" indicates that the tapered shapes have a common general orientation that extends parallel to the spheroidal surface of the outer layer.
En pratique, la couche externe peut avoir une forme de sphère ou une forme de sphéroïde aplati aux pôles et élargi à l'équateur, à la manière d'un géoïde.  In practice, the outer layer may have a sphere shape or a spheroid shape flattened at the poles and widened at the equator, in the manner of a geoid.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, lesdites entretoises effilées sont agencées de sorte que leurs formes effilées sont orientées suivant des directions respectives qui sont des directions circonférentielles pour la portion de sphéroïde.  According to one embodiment of the invention, said tapered spacers are arranged so that their tapered shapes are oriented in respective directions which are circumferential directions for the spheroid portion.
En d'autres termes, une direction circonférentielle est une direction localement tangente à la portion de sphéroïde. Ainsi, de telles formes effilées permettent une ablation efficace du tissu osseux par un mouvement de révolution de la cupule autour d'un axe déterminé.  In other words, a circumferential direction is a direction locally tangent to the spheroid portion. Thus, such tapered forms allow efficient ablation of bone tissue by a revolution of the cup around a given axis.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, au moins un sous- ensemble d'entretoises effilées présente des formes effilées orientées suivant une direction parallèle au plan équatorial de la portion de sphéroïde.  According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one subset of tapered struts has tapered shapes oriented in a direction parallel to the equatorial plane of the spheroid portion.
Ainsi, un tel sous-ensemble d'entretoises effilées permet une ablation efficace du tissu osseux par un mouvement de révolution de la cupule orthopédique autour de l'axe polaire de la portion de sphéroïde.  Thus, such a subset of tapered struts allows efficient ablation of bone tissue by a rotational movement of the orthopedic cup around the polar axis of the spheroidal portion.
Dans la présente demande, le terme « sous-ensemble » désigne une pluralité d'entretoises qui sont orientées suivant au moins un axe d'orientation commun. Typiquement, les entretoises d'un sous-ensemble peuvent être parallèles entre elles ; elles peuvent avoir un axe parallèle à une direction déterminée qui est tangente à la portion de sphéroïde.  In the present application, the term "subassembly" designates a plurality of spacers which are oriented along at least one axis of common orientation. Typically, the spacers of a subset may be parallel to each other; they may have an axis parallel to a given direction which is tangent to the spheroid portion.
La couche externe peut comprendre un(des) sous-ensemble(s) d'entretoises effilées qui peu(ven)t participer à l'ablation du tissu osseux, ainsi que des sous-ensembles d'entretoises non effilées, par exemple rondes, qui ne participent pas à l'ablation du tissu osseux. L'ablation du tissu osseux est réalisée suivant une direction privilégiée qui est définie par le(s) sous- ensembles d'entretoises effilées.  The outer layer may comprise one or more sub-assembly (s) of tapered spacers which may participate in the ablation of the bone tissue, as well as subsets of non-tapered spacers, for example round, which do not participate in the removal of bone tissue. Ablation of the bone tissue is performed in a preferred direction which is defined by the tapered subset (s).
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, au moins deux entretoises effilées convergent au niveau de chaque nœud.  According to one embodiment of the invention, at least two tapered spacers converge at each node.
Ainsi, la présence de plusieurs entretoises effilées au niveau de chaque nœud permet de réaliser une ablation efficace de l'os. Selon une variante de l'invention, au moins un sous-ensemble d'entretoises a ses formes effilées orientées suivant une direction perpendiculaire au plan équatorial de la portion de sphéroïde. Thus, the presence of several tapered struts at each node provides effective ablation of the bone. According to a variant of the invention, at least one subset of spacers has its tapered shapes oriented in a direction perpendicular to the equatorial plane of the spheroid portion.
Ainsi , un tel sous-ensemble d'entretoises permet une ablation efficace du tissu osseux par un mouvement de translation de la cupule vers son plan équatorial et hors de la cavité acétabulaire.  Thus, such a subset of spacers allows efficient ablation of bone tissue by translational movement of the cup to its equatorial plane and out of the acetabular cavity.
Selon une variante de l'invention, au moins un sous-ensemble d'entretoises a ses formes effilées orientées suivant des directions formant un angle de 45° avec le plan équatorial de la portion de sphéroïde.  According to a variant of the invention, at least one subset of spacers has its tapered shapes oriented in directions forming an angle of 45 ° with the equatorial plane of the spheroid portion.
Ainsi , un tel sous-ensemble d'entretoises permet une ablation efficace du tissu osseux par un mouvement de révolution de la cupule autour d'un centre instantané de rotation déporté de la portion de sphéroïde.  Thus, such a subset of spacers allows efficient ablation of the bone tissue by a revolution of the cup around an instantaneous center of rotation offset from the spheroid portion.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque entretoise a globalement la forme d'un cylindre dont l'axe relie deux nœuds consécutifs dudit au moins un réseau .  According to one embodiment of the invention, each spacer has generally the shape of a cylinder whose axis connects two consecutive nodes of said at least one network.
Ainsi, une telle forme de cylindre assure une ablation homogène sur toute la longueur d'une entretoise. L'ablation du tissu osseux est donc réalisée en tout point du ou de chaque réseau, ce qui facilite davantage l'extraction de la cupule, donc de l'implant orthopédique.  Thus, such a cylinder shape ensures homogeneous ablation along the entire length of a spacer. Ablation of the bone tissue is therefore performed at any point of the or each network, which further facilitates the extraction of the cup, so the orthopedic implant.
Selon un mode de réal isation de l'invention, chaque entretoise effilée a une section transversale oblongue et symétrique par rapport à son axe longitudinal , chaque entretoise effilée ayant de préférence une section transversale globalement en forme de poire.  According to one embodiment of the invention, each tapered spacer has an oblong and symmetrical cross section relative to its longitudinal axis, each tapered spacer preferably having a generally pear-shaped cross section.
Ainsi , une tel le section transversale oblongue et symétrique simplifie relativement la fabrication des entretoises.  Thus, such an oblong and symmetrical cross section simplifies the manufacture of the spacers.
Selon une variante de l'invention, la forme effilée présente deux bords relativement « aigus » ou à rayon de courbure relativement petit.  According to a variant of the invention, the tapered shape has two relatively "acute" edges or a relatively small radius of curvature.
En d'autres termes, chaque forme effilée présente deux fils sur une même lame. Ainsi, le mouvement d'ablation peut être réalisé indifféremment dans les deux sens de l'orientation uniforme des formes effilées.  In other words, each tapered shape has two wires on the same blade. Thus, the ablation movement can be performed indifferently in both directions of the uniform orientation of the tapered shapes.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la couche externe co m p re n d p l u s i eu rs résea u x j u xta p o s é s , d e s m a illes appartenant respectivement à deux réseaux consécutifs formant un angle dièdre inférieur à 35°, de préférence inférieur à 25°. Ainsi, de tels réseaux juxtaposés simplifient la fabrication de la cupule couverte, complètement ou presque, de réseau(x), car les entretoises d'un réseau peuvent avoir des directions constantes pas nécessairement indexées sur les directions radiales, axiales ou circonférentielles de la portion de sphéroïde. According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer layer co mp re ndplusi more networks uxju xta posé s, respectivelyma respectively belonging to two consecutive networks forming a dihedral angle less than 35 °, preferably less than 25 °. Thus, such juxtaposed networks simplify the manufacture of the covered cup, completely or almost network (x), because the spacers of a network can have constant directions not necessarily indexed on the radial, axial or circumferential directions of the portion of spheroid.
Selon un mode de réal isation de l'invention, chaque réseau couvre sensiblement un quartier de la portion de sphéroïde, chaque quartier s'étendant entre des méridiens espacés d'un angle inférieur à 35°, de préférence inférieur à 25°.  According to one embodiment of the invention, each network substantially covers a quarter of the spheroid portion, each quarter extending between meridians spaced at an angle of less than 35 °, preferably less than 25 °.
Ainsi, de telles parties de réseau par quartier permettent de réaliser une cupule dont les réseaux présentent globalement une forme sphéroïdale, c'est-à-dire dont les entretoises s'étendent suivant des directions approchant les directions radiales, axiales ou circonférentielles de la portion de sphéroïde.  Thus, such lattice portions per quarter make it possible to produce a cup whose networks generally have a spheroidal shape, that is to say whose struts extend along directions approaching the radial, axial or circumferential directions of the portion of spheroid.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la couche externe comprend deux réseaux de mailles qui sont interpénétrés et dont les mailles ont des dimensions équivalentes.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer layer comprises two mesh networks which are interpenetrated and whose meshes have equivalent dimensions.
En d'autres termes, les mailles sont empilées et décalées avec des orientations identiques entre mailles des réseaux interpénétrés. Par analogie avec les structures cristallines, de tels réseaux interpénétrés pourraient être décrits comme un agencement « cubique intérieur centré ».  In other words, the meshes are stacked and staggered with identical orientations between meshes of interpenetrating networks. By analogy with crystalline structures, such interpenetrating networks could be described as a "centric interior cubic" arrangement.
Ainsi, de tels réseaux interpénétrés permettent d'augmenter les dimensions des porosités de la couche externe par rapport à la section des entretoises, ce qui permet de créer une couche externe ayant une porosité plus élevée, donc mieux adaptée à la croissance du tissu osseux.  Thus, such interpenetrated networks make it possible to increase the dimensions of the pores of the outer layer relative to the cross-section of the spacers, which makes it possible to create an outer layer having a higher porosity, and thus better suited to the growth of bone tissue.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque maille a des dimensions comprises entre 200 micromètres et 800 micromètres, de préférence entre 430 micromètres et 650 micromètres.  According to one embodiment of the invention, each mesh has dimensions of between 200 micrometers and 800 micrometers, preferably between 430 micrometers and 650 micrometers.
Ainsi, de telles dimensions de chaque maille favorisent une bonne croissance du tissu osseux. Les dimensions des mailles définissent en effet des porosités ou volumes vides, dans lesquelles le tissu osseux peut se développer.  Thus, such dimensions of each mesh promote good growth of bone tissue. The mesh size defines indeed porosities or empty volumes, in which the bone tissue can develop.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque maille a globalement une forme de parallélépipède à base rectangulaire, de préférence de parallélépipède droit, chaque maille ayant par exemple une forme de cube. Ainsi, une telle géométrie de mailles est relativement simple à réaliser. According to one embodiment of the invention, each mesh generally has a parallelepipedal shape with a rectangular base, preferably a right parallelepiped, each mesh having for example a cube shape. Thus, such a geometry mesh is relatively simple to achieve.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la densité de la couche externe est comprise entre 30% et 90%, de préférence entre 60% et 80%, de préférence encore égale à environ 75%.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the density of the outer layer is between 30% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 80%, more preferably equal to about 75%.
Ainsi, une telle densité offre une grande porosité, ce qui permet une croissance rapide et dense du tissu osseux.  Thus, such a density provides a high porosity, which allows a fast and dense growth of bone tissue.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la couche externe a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,3 mm et 7 mm, de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 3 mm.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer layer has a thickness of between 0.3 mm and 7 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.
Ainsi, une telle épaisseur de la couche externe permet une cohésion élevée avec le tissu osseux.  Thus, such a thickness of the outer layer allows high cohesion with the bone tissue.
Selon une variante de l'invention, la couche externe occupe 80% de la hauteur de la cupule, ce qui augmente encore la cohésion du tissu osseux.  According to a variant of the invention, the outer layer occupies 80% of the height of the cup, which further increases the cohesion of the bone tissue.
Selon u n mode de réal isation de l ' i nvention , le matériau métallique est un matériau biocompatible, implantable et compatible avec un procédé génératif par frittage de poudre, le matériau métallique pouvant en particulier être sélectionné dans le groupe constitué du titane pur, d'un alliage à base de titane, de chrome, de cobalt et d'acier inoxydable.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the metallic material is a biocompatible material, which is implantable and compatible with a generative process by powder sintering, the metallic material being able in particular to be selected from the group consisting of pure titanium, an alloy based on titanium, chromium, cobalt and stainless steel.
Ainsi, un tel matériau métallique confère à la couche externe et à la cupule la résistance mécanique et chimique nécessaire à son implantation osseuse. De plus, un tel matériau métallique peut être mis en œuvre dans un procédé génératif, en vue de réaliser une cupule conforme à l'invention.  Thus, such a metallic material gives the outer layer and the cupule the mechanical and chemical resistance necessary for bone implantation. In addition, such a metallic material can be implemented in a generative process, with a view to producing a cup according to the invention.
De pl u s, la présente invention a pour objet un implant orthopédique comprenant u ne cu pu le selon l ' invention et un organe d'articulation formé par un insert fixé dans la cavité interne, par exemple par emmanchement.  More particularly, the subject of the present invention is an orthopedic implant comprising a tube according to the invention and an articulation member formed by an insert fixed in the internal cavity, for example by fitting.
En d'autres termes, un tel implant orthopédique comprend deux composants principaux, dont un insert qui forme la cavité interne de réception d'une tête fémorale prothétique.  In other words, such an orthopedic implant comprises two main components, including an insert which forms the internal cavity for receiving a prosthetic femoral head.
Par ailleurs, la présente invention a pour objet un procédé, pour réaliser une cupule selon l'invention, le procédé comprenant les étapes :  Furthermore, the subject of the present invention is a method for producing a cup according to the invention, the method comprising the steps of:
former une strate de poudre du matériau métallique ;  forming a powder stratum of the metallic material;
- mettre en œuvre une machine à procédé génératif, par exemple une machine de frittage laser sélectif, de façon à fritter la strate de manière déterminée par une unité de commande ; - implement a generative process machine, for example a selective laser sintering machine, so as to sintering the stratum in a manner determined by a control unit;
répéter les étapes précitées jusqu'à former la cupule.  repeat the above steps until forming the cup.
Ainsi, un tel procédé permet de réaliser une cupule conforme à l'invention, avec une précision particulièrement grande.  Thus, such a method makes it possible to produce a cup according to the invention, with particularly great precision.
Les modes de réalisation et les variantes mentionnés ci-avant peuvent être pris isolément ou selon toute combinaison techniquement admissible.  The embodiments and variants mentioned above may be taken individually or in any technically permissible combination.
La présente invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages ressortiront aussi à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :  The present invention will be well understood and its advantages will also emerge in the light of the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
l a fig u re 1 est u n e vu e en perspective d'une cupule conforme à l'invention ;  Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cup according to the invention;
la figure 2 est une vue en perspective, tronquée par un plan méridien II à la figure 1 , de la cupule de la figure 1 ;  Figure 2 is a perspective view, truncated by a meridian plane II in Figure 1, of the cup of Figure 1;
la figure 3 est une vue similaire à la figure 2, suivant un angle différent de la figure 2 ;  Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, at an angle different from Figure 2;
la figure 4 est une vue en coupe, suivant le plan IV à la figure 3, de la cupule de la figure 3 ;  Figure 4 is a sectional view along the plane IV in Figure 3, the cup of Figure 3;
la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un implant orthopédique conforme à l'invention comprenant la cupule de la figure 4 ; la figure 6 est une vue à plus grande échelle d'une partie de la cupule de la figure 2 ;  Figure 5 is a sectional view of an orthopedic implant according to the invention comprising the cup of Figure 4; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cup of Figure 2;
la figure 7 est une vue à plus grande échelle d'une partie de la cupule de la figure 6 ;  Figure 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cup of Figure 6;
la figure 8 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail VIII à la figure 2 ;  Figure 8 is an enlarged view of Detail VIII in Figure 2;
la figure 9 est une vue à plus grande échelle d'une partie de la cupule de la figure 7 ;  Figure 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cup of Figure 7;
la figure 10 est une vue similaire à la figure 9 d'une partie d'une cupule conforme à un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et  Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9 of a portion of a cup according to a second embodiment of the invention; and
la figure 1 1 est une vue similaire à la figure 10 illustrant à plus petite échelle la partie de la figure 10. La figure 1 illustre une cupule 2 conforme à l'invention, pour former un implant orthopédique 1 conforme à l'invention et visible à la figure 5. La cupule 2 est destinée à être implantée dans un os iliaque au niveau d'une cavité acétabulaire non représentée. FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10, showing on a smaller scale the part of FIG. FIG. 1 illustrates a cup 2 according to the invention for forming an orthopedic implant 1 according to the invention and visible in FIG. 5. The cup 2 is intended to be implanted in an iliac bone at the level of an acetabular cavity. not shown.
Comme le montre la figure 2, la cupule 2 présente une cavité interne 4 adaptée pour loger un organe d'articulation de l'implant orthopédique 1 , tel que décrit ci-après en relation avec la figure 5.  As shown in FIG. 2, the cup 2 has an internal cavity 4 adapted to house a hinge member of the orthopedic implant 1, as described below in connection with FIG. 5.
La cupule 2 présente une couche externe 10 destinée à être solidarisée à l'os iliaque non représenté. La couche externe 10 a globalement la forme d'un demi-sphéroïde, d'axe polaire Z10 et de plan équatorial P10. Dans la présente demande, le terme « externe » est employé par opposition à au terme « interne ». La couche externe 10 a donc une position opposée à la cavité interne 4.  The cup 2 has an outer layer 10 to be secured to the iliac bone not shown. The outer layer 10 has the overall shape of a half-spheroid, polar axis Z10 and equatorial plane P10. In this application, the term "external" is used as opposed to the term "internal". The outer layer 10 therefore has a position opposite to the internal cavity 4.
Comme le montrent les figures 3 et 4, la cupule 2 présente aussi une couche interne 12 qui définit la cavité interne 4. Dans l'exemple des figures 1 à 4, la couche externe 10 a une épaisseur E10 d'environ 1 mm et la couche interne 12 a une épaisseur E12 d'environ 4 mm. Comme les épaisseurs E10 et E12 varient en fonction de la latitude sur la couche externe 10, les épaisseurs E10 et E12 sont ici mesurées au niveau du plan équatorial P10 du demi-sphéroïde formant la couche externe 10. À cet endroit, la couche externe 10 représente environ 16% de l'épaisseur E2 de la cupule 2.  As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the cup 2 also has an inner layer 12 which defines the internal cavity 4. In the example of Figures 1 to 4, the outer layer 10 has a thickness E10 of about 1 mm and the inner layer 12 has a thickness E12 of about 4 mm. Since the thicknesses E10 and E12 vary as a function of the latitude on the outer layer 10, the thicknesses E10 and E12 are here measured at the equatorial plane P10 of the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 10. At this point, the outer layer 10 represents about 16% of the thickness E2 of the cup 2.
La couche externe 10 est réalisée en matériau métallique. De même, la couche interne 12 est réalisée en matériau métallique, qui est en l'occurrence semblable à celui formant la couche externe 10. En effet, dans l'exemple des figures 1, 2, 3 et 4, la couche externe 10 et la couche interne 12 sont monoblocs, d'un seul tenant. Le matériau métallique est ici un alliage à base de titane, de chrome, de cobalt, tel que défini par exemple par les normes ISO 5832 et ASTM F 136. Ce matériau métallique est biocompatible, implantable et compatible avec un procédé génératif par frittage de poudre.  The outer layer 10 is made of metallic material. Similarly, the inner layer 12 is made of metal material, which is in this case similar to that forming the outer layer 10. Indeed, in the example of Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the outer layer 10 and the inner layer 12 are monoblock, in one piece. The metallic material is here an alloy based on titanium, chromium, cobalt, as defined for example by the standards ISO 5832 and ASTM F 136. This metallic material is biocompatible, implantable and compatible with a generative process by powder sintering .
La figure 5 illustre l'implant orthopédique 1 conforme à l'invention qui comprend la cupule 2 et un organe d'articulation formé par un insert 14 qui est fixé dans la cavité interne 4 par emmanchement. L'insert 14 présente une surface d'articulation interne 16 qui est substantiellement sphérique pour recevoir une tête fémorale prothétique non représentée. Dans l'exemple de la figure 5, l'implant orthopédique 1 est un implant cotyloïdien pour prothèse de hanche. Figure 5 illustrates the orthopedic implant 1 according to the invention which comprises the cup 2 and a hinge member formed by an insert 14 which is fixed in the inner cavity 4 by fitting. The insert 14 has an inner hinge surface 16 that is substantially spherical to receive a not shown femoral head prosthesis. In In the example of FIG. 5, the orthopedic implant 1 is an acetabulum implant for a hip prosthesis.
Comme le montre la figure 2, la couche externe 10 comprend plusieurs réseaux de mailles, dont cinq sont visibles à la figure 2 avec la référence 20. Dans l'exemple des figures 1 à 4, les réseaux 20 recouvrent une partie substantielle de la couche externe 10. Il subsiste une calotte sphérique 11 non couverte par les réseaux 20. La calotte sphérique 11 représente ici environ 20% de la superficie du demi-sphéroïde et la couche externe 10 représente ici environ 80% de la superficie du demi- sphéroïde. Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, la couche externe 10 s'étend sur environ 80% de la hauteur du demi-sphéroïde.  As shown in FIG. 2, the outer layer 10 comprises several mesh networks, five of which are visible in FIG. 2 with reference 20. In the example of FIGS. 1 to 4, the networks 20 cover a substantial part of the layer. external 10. There remains a spherical cap 11 not covered by the networks 20. The spherical cap 11 here represents about 20% of the area of the half-spheroid and the outer layer 10 here represents about 80% of the area of the half-spheroid. In the example of Figure 2, the outer layer 10 extends over approximately 80% of the height of the half-spheroid.
Comme le montrent les figures 6 et 7, chaque réseau 20 comprend des mailles 22. Chaque maille 22 est définie par des nœuds 24 et par des entretoises 25 et 26 reliant les nœuds 24 entre eux. Chaque nœud 24 est formé par l'intersection de plusieurs entretoises 25 et 26. Les entretoises 25 et 26 comprennent des entretoises dites effilées 26 qui ont chacune une forme effilée. De plus, les entretoises 25 et 26 comprennent des entretoises 25 qui ont chacune une forme globalement cylindrique à base circulaire et d'axe perpendiculaire aux axes respectifs des entretoises effilées 26.  As shown in Figures 6 and 7, each network 20 comprises meshes 22. Each mesh 22 is defined by nodes 24 and spacers 25 and 26 connecting the nodes 24 between them. Each node 24 is formed by the intersection of several spacers 25 and 26. The spacers 25 and 26 comprise so-called tapered spacers 26 which each have a tapered shape. In addition, the spacers 25 and 26 comprise spacers 25 which each have a generally cylindrical shape with a circular base and an axis perpendicular to the respective axes of the tapered struts 26.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 7, sur trois entretoises sécantes ou convergentes en un nœud respectif 24, deux entretoises sont des entretoises effilées 26, la troisième entretoise, l'entretoise 25, a une forme globalement cylindrique à base circulaire et d'axe perpendiculaire aux axes respectifs des entretoises effilées 26.  In the example of FIG. 7, on three intersecting or converging spacers at a respective node 24, two spacers are tapered spacers 26, the third spacer, the spacer 25, has a generally cylindrical shape with a circular base and an axis perpendicular to the respective axes of the tapered struts 26.
Dans l'exemple des figures 1 à 8, chaque maille 22 a une forme globalement cubique. À cet effet, dans chaque réseau 20, un sous- ensemble 27 d'entretoises 25 est perpendiculaire à deux sous-ensembles 28 et 29 d'entretoises 26. Le sous-ensemble 27 comprend des entretoises 25 parallèles entre elles, le sous-ensemble 28 comprend des entretoises effilées 26 parallèles entre elles et le sous-ensemble 29 comprend des entretoises effilées 26 parallèles entre elles.  In the example of Figures 1 to 8, each mesh 22 has a generally cubic shape. For this purpose, in each network 20, a subassembly 27 of spacers 25 is perpendicular to two subassemblies 28 and 29 of spacers 26. The subassembly 27 comprises spacers 25 parallel to each other, the subassembly 28 comprises tapered spacers 26 parallel to each other and the subassembly 29 comprises tapered spacers 26 parallel to each other.
Dans l'exemple des figures 1 à 9, les entretoises 26 du sous- ensemble 28 sont localement parallèles entre elles. Les entretoises 25 du sous-ensemble 27 sont localement parallèles entre elles. Les entretoises 26 du sous-ensemble 29 sont localement parallèles entre elles. In the example of Figures 1 to 9, the spacers 26 of the subassembly 28 are locally parallel to each other. The spacers 25 of the subassembly 27 are locally parallel to each other. The spacers 26 of the subassembly 29 are locally parallel to each other.
En pratique, chaque maille 22 a des d imensions L26 qu i sont identiques et qui mesurent environ 600 micromètres. La densité de la couche externe 10 est d'environ 75%. La densité de la couche externe 1 0 se calcule en effectuant le rapport ayant :  In practice, each mesh 22 has dimensions L26 which are identical and which measure approximately 600 micrometers. The density of the outer layer 10 is about 75%. The density of the outer layer 1 0 is calculated by carrying out the ratio having:
pour numérateur, le volume de matière de la couche extern e 1 0 com pren a nt l es résea ux 20 ; en d'autres termes, le volume « réel » de la couche externe 10 ; et - pour dénominateur, le volume délimité géométriquement par l'enveloppe de la couche externe 10 considérée comme pleine, en d 'autres termes le vol u me « virtuel » de la couche externe 10.  for numerator, the volume of material of the outer layer comprises the networks 20; in other words, the "real" volume of the outer layer 10; and for denominator, the geometrically delimited volume of the envelope of the outer layer 10 considered to be full, in other words the "virtual" flight of the outer layer 10.
Comme le montrent les figures 6 et 7, chaque entretoise effilée 26 a globalement une forme effilée. Ainsi, chaque entretoise effilée 26 a un bord aigu 26.1 qu i présente un rayon de courbure inférieur au rayon de courbure d'un autre bord 26.2 de l'entretoise effilée 26. Le rayon de courbure d'un bord aigu 26.1 est d'environ 0,1 0 mm, tandis que le rayon de courbure d'un autre bord 26.2 est d'environ 0, 15 mm. Un bord aigu 26.1 correspond au « fil » d'une entretoise effilée 26.  As shown in Figures 6 and 7, each tapered spacer 26 generally has a tapered shape. Thus, each tapered spacer 26 has an acute edge 26.1 that has a radius of curvature smaller than the radius of curvature of another edge 26.2 of the tapered spacer 26. The radius of curvature of an acute edge 26.1 is about 0.10 mm, while the radius of curvature of another edge 26.2 is about 0.15 mm. An acute edge 26.1 corresponds to the "thread" of a tapered spacer 26.
Les entretoises effilées 26 sont agencées de sorte que les formes effilées, qui s'amincissent vers les bords aigus 26.1 , sont orientées de manière uniforme. En d'autres termes, les formes effilées des entretoises effilées 26 ont une orientation générale commune qui s'étend parallèlement au demi-sphèroïde formant la couche externe 10.  The tapered spacers 26 are arranged so that the tapered shapes, which tap towards the sharp edges 26.1, are oriented uniformly. In other words, the tapered shapes of the tapered struts 26 have a common general orientation which extends parallel to the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 10.
Dans l'exemple des figures 6 et 7, les entretoises 25 cylindriques et les entretoises effilées 26 appartenant respectivement aux sous-ensembles 27 et 28 sont orientées suivant des directions respectives D26.1 et D26.2. L e s d i re ct i o n s re s p ect i ve s D 26 . 1 et D 26 .2 sont des directions circonférentielles pour le demi-sphèroïde formant la couche externe 1 0. Ces d irections circonférentielles sont localement tangentes au demi-sphèroïde. Les entretoises effilées 26 appartenant au sous-ensemble 29 sont orientées suivant une direction qui est globalement parallèle au plan méridien de la couche externe 10 sphéroïdale. De plus, les entretoises 26 du sous-ensemble 27 ont leur formes effilées qui sont orientées suivant une direction D26 qui est parallèle au plan équatorial P10 du demi-sphéroïde formant la couche externe 10. In the example of FIGS. 6 and 7, the cylindrical struts 25 and the tapered struts 26 respectively belonging to the subassemblies 27 and 28 are oriented in respective directions D26.1 and D26.2. D ectio ns respec tio ns D 26. 1 and D 26 .2 are circumferential directions for the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 1 0. These circumferential d irections are locally tangent to the half-spheroid. The tapered spacers 26 belonging to the subassembly 29 are oriented in a direction which is generally parallel to the meridian plane of the spheroidal outer layer. In addition, the spacers 26 of the subassembly 27 have their tapered shapes which are oriented in a direction D26 which is parallel to the equatorial plane P10 of the half-spheroid forming the outer layer 10.
Comme le montrent les figures 6 et 7, chaque entretoise 25 ou chaque entretoise effilée 26 a globalement la forme d'un cylindre dont l'axe rel ie deux nœuds 24 consécutifs d u réseau 20. Chaque entretoise 25 ou chaque entretoise effilée 26 a une section transversale oblongue et symétrique par rapport à son axe long itud inal . Chaque entretoise 25 ou entretoise effilée 26 a une section transversale globalement en forme de poire.  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each spacer 25 or each tapered spacer 26 is generally in the form of a cylinder whose axis is relative to two consecutive nodes 24 of the grating 20. Each spacer 25 or each tapered spacer 26 has a section transverse oblong and symmetrical with respect to its long longitudinal axis. Each spacer or tapered spacer 26 has a generally pear-shaped cross section.
Comme le montrent les figures 1 , 2, 7, 8 et 9, la couche externe 1 0 comprend plusieurs réseaux 20 j uxtaposés angulairement. Comme le mo n t re n t l e s f i g u re s 7 et 9 , des mailles 22.1 et 22.2 appartenant respectivement à deux réseaux 20 consécutifs forment un angle dièdre A22 d'environ 25°.  As shown in Figures 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9, the outer layer 1 0 comprises several networks 20 j uxtaposed angularly. Like FIGS. 7 and 9, meshes 22.1 and 22.2 respectively belonging to two consecutive networks 20 form a dihedral angle A22 of about 25 °.
Chaque réseau 20 couvre sensiblement un quartier du demi- sphéroïde formant la couche externe 1 0. Chaque quartier s'étend entre des méridiens M1 , M2 et équivalents qui sont espacés deux à deux d'un angle A22 d'environ 15°.  Each network 20 substantially covers a quarter of the spheroid forming the outer layer 1 0. Each quarter extends between meridians M1, M2 and equivalents which are spaced two by two by an angle A22 of about 15 °.
Lors de la conception assistée par ordinateur (CAO) de la cupule During computer-aided design (CAD) of the cup
2, chaque réseau 20 et équivalent est associé à une portion de la cupule 2. En pratique, une portion est répétée par rotation de façon à concevoir la total ité de la cupule 2. Après fabrication de la cupule 2 selon un procédé conforme à l'invention, les réseaux 20 et équivalents sont quasiment inapparents à l'œil nu sur la cupule 2 réalisée. Cependant, les réseaux 20 peuvent être observés sur la cupule 2 au moyen d'un instrument à grossissement optique, par exemple un microscope. 2, each network 20 and equivalent is associated with a portion of the cup 2. In practice, a portion is rotated so as to design the totality of the cup 2. After making the cup 2 according to a method according to the invention, In the invention, the networks 20 and the like are almost invisible to the naked eye on the cup 2 made. However, the networks 20 can be observed on the cup 2 by means of an instrument with optical magnification, for example a microscope.
Les figures 1 0 et 1 1 illustrent une partie d'une cupule conforme à un deuxième mode de réal isation de l'invention . Dans la mesure où cette cupule est sim ilaire à la cupule 2, la description de la cupule 2 donnée ci- avant en relation avec les figures 1 à 9 peut être transposée à la cupule des figures 1 0 et 1 1 , à l'exception notable des différences énoncées ci-après.  Figures 1 0 and 1 1 illustrate a portion of a cup according to a second embodiment of the invention. Inasmuch as this cup is similar to cup 2, the description of cup 2 given above in relation to FIGS. 1 to 9 can be transposed to the cup of FIGS. 10 and 11 with the exception of significant differences as set out below.
Un élément de la cupule des figures 1 0 et 1 1 qu i est identique ou correspondant, par sa structure ou par sa fonction , à un élément de la cupule 2 porte la même référence numérique augmentée de 100. On définit ainsi une couche externe 1 1 0, des réseaux 120.1 et 1 20.2, des mailles 122.1 et 122.2, des nœuds 1 24, des entretoises 1 25 cylindriques à base circulaire et des entretoises effilées 126 avec des bords aigus 126.1 . An element of the cup of FIGS. 10 and 11 which is identical or corresponding, by its structure or function, to an element of the cup 2 bears the same numerical reference increased by 100. thus an outer layer 1 1 0, networks 120.1 and 1 20.2, meshes 122.1 and 122.2, nodes 1 24, spacers 1 25 cylindrical circular base and tapered spacers 126 with acute edges 126.1.
Comme le montre la figure 1 0, la cupule des figures 10 et 1 1 diffère de la cu pu le 2, car la couche externe 1 10 comprend deux réseaux 120.1 et 1 20.2 qui sont interpénétrés et dont les mailles 122.1 et 1 22.2 ont des dimensions équivalentes. En d'autres termes, les mailles 122.1 et 1 22.2 sont empilées et décalées avec des orientations identiques entre mailles 122.1 et 122.2 des réseaux 120.1 et 120.2.  As shown in FIG. 10, the cup of FIGS. 10 and 11 differs from the cup 2 because the outer layer 1 comprises two networks 120.1 and 1 20.2 which are interpenetrated and whose meshes 122.1 and 1 22.2 have equivalent dimensions. In other words, the meshes 122.1 and 1 22.2 are stacked and shifted with identical orientations between meshes 122.1 and 122.2 of the networks 120.1 and 120.2.
Un procédé conforme à l'invention permet de réaliser une cupule conforme à l'invention, notamment la cupule 2. Un tel procédé comprend les étapes :  A method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a cup according to the invention, in particular cup 2. Such a method comprises the steps of:
former une strate de poudre du matériau métallique ;  forming a powder stratum of the metallic material;
mettre en œuvre une mach ine à procédé génératif non représentée, de façon à fritter la strate de manière déterminée par une unité de commande non représentée ; répéter les deux étapes précitées j usq u 'à former la cupule 2.  implementing a generative process machine not shown, so as to sinter the stratum in a manner determined by a control unit not shown; repeat the two steps mentioned above to form the cup 2.
La machine à procédé génératif peut par exemple être une machine de frittage laser sélectif pouvant traiter un matériau métallique, par exemple une machine produite par les sociétés PHEN IX SYSTEM, EOS etc.. Alternativement, la machine peut mettre en œuvre une technique dite de fusion par faisceaux d'électrons (de l'anglais « électron beam melting »).La présente invention a été exemplifiée ci-avant en relation avec les modes de réalisation illustrés aux figures. Cependant, il est évident que la présente invention n'est pas limitée à ces modes de réalisation. Au contraire, la présente invention comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons techniquement possibles.  The generative process machine may for example be a selective laser sintering machine capable of processing a metallic material, for example a machine produced by the companies PHEN IX SYSTEM, EOS, etc. Alternatively, the machine may implement a so-called fusion technique. The present invention has been exemplified above in relation to the embodiments illustrated in the figures. However, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the present invention comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their technically possible combinations.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Cupule (2), pour implant orthopédique (1 ) tel qu'un implant cotyloïdien, destinée à être implantée dans un os, la cupule (2) présentant une cavité interne (4) adaptée pour loger un organe d'articulation (14), la cupule (2) présentant une couche externe (10) destinée à être solidarisée à l'os, la couche externe (10 ; 1 10) ayant globalement la forme d'une portion de sphéroïde, de préférence la forme d'un demi-sphéroïde, la couche externe (10 ; 1 10) étant réalisée en matériau métallique ; 1. Cup (2) for an orthopedic implant (1) such as an acetabulum implant intended to be implanted in a bone, the cup (2) having an internal cavity (4) adapted to house a hinge member (14), the cup (2) having an outer layer (10) to be secured to the bone, the outer layer (10; 1 10) having generally the shape of a spheroidal portion, preferably in the form of a half spheroidal, the outer layer (10; 1 10) being made of metallic material;
la cupule (2) étant caractérisée en ce que la couche externe the cup (2) being characterized in that the outer layer
(10 ; 1 10) comprend au moins un réseau (20 ; 120.1 , 120.2) de mailles (22 ; 122.1 , 122.2) définies par des nœuds (24 ; 124) et par des entretoises (25, 26 ; 1 26) reliant les nœuds (24 ; 1 24) entre eux, chaque nœud (24 ; 1 24) étant formé par l'intersection de plusieurs entretoises (25, 26 ; 125, 126), lesdites entretoises (25, 26 ; 125, 126) comprenant des entretoises dites effil ées (26 ; 126) qui ont chacune une forme effilée, lesdites entretoises effilées (26 ; 126) étant agencées de sorte que les formes effilées sont orientées de manière uniforme. 2. Cupule (2) selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle lesdites entretoises effilées (26 ; 1 26) sont agencées de sorte que leurs formes effilées sont orientées suivant des d irections respectives qui sont des directions circonférentielles (D26.1 , D26.(10; 1 10) comprises at least one array (20; 120.1, 120.2) of meshes (22; 122.1, 122.2) defined by nodes (24; 124) and spacers (25, 26; nodes (24; 1 24) therebetween, each node (24; 1 24) being formed by the intersection of a plurality of spacers (25,26; 125,126), said spacers (25,26; 125,126) including said tapered spacers (26; 126) each having a tapered shape, said tapered spacers (26; 126) being arranged so that the tapered shapes are oriented uniformly. 2. The cup (2) according to claim 1, wherein said tapered spacers (26; 1 26) are arranged so that their tapered shapes are oriented in respective directions which are circumferential directions (D26.1, D26.
2) pour la portion de sphéroïde. 2) for the spheroid portion.
3. Cupule (2) selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle au moins un sous-ensemble (27, 28, 29) d'entretoises effilées (26) présente des formes effilées orientées suivant une direction (D26.1 ) parallèle au plan équatorial (P10) de la portion de sphéroïde. 3. Cup (2) according to claim 2, wherein at least one subassembly (27, 28, 29) of tapered struts (26) has tapered shapes oriented in a direction (D26.1) parallel to the equatorial plane. (P10) of the spheroid portion.
4. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle au moins deux entretoises effilées (26 ; 126) convergent au niveau de chaque nœud (24 ; 124). 4. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two tapered struts (26; 126) converge at each node (24; 124).
5. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque entretoise (25, 26 ; 125, 126) a globalement la forme d'un cyl indre dont l 'axe rel ie deux nœuds (24 ; 1 24) consécutifs dudit au moins un réseau (20 ; 120.1 , 120.2). 5. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each spacer (25, 26; 125, 126) has the overall shape an indre cyl whose axis reles two consecutive nodes (24; 1 24) of said at least one array (20; 120.1, 120.2).
6. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque entretoise effilée (26 ; 1 26) a une section transversale oblongue et symétrique par rapport à son axe longitudinal, chaque entretoise effilée (26 ; 1 26) ayant de préférence une section transversale globalement en forme de poire. 6. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each tapered spacer (26; 1 26) has a cross section oblong and symmetrical about its longitudinal axis, each tapered spacer (26; 1 26) having preferably a generally pear-shaped cross section.
7. Cupule (2) selon l 'u ne des revend ications précédentes, dans laquelle la couche externe (10) comprend plusieurs réseaux (20) juxtaposés, des mailles (22.1 , 22.2) appartenant respectivement à deux réseaux (20.1 , 20.2) consécutifs formant un ang le d ièd re (A22) inférieur à 35°, de préférence inférieur à 25°. 7. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding revendications ications, wherein the outer layer (10) comprises several networks (20) juxtaposed, meshes (22.1, 22.2) respectively belonging to two networks (20.1, 20.2) consecutive forming a yoke angle (A22) less than 35 °, preferably less than 25 °.
8. Cupule (2) selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle chaque réseau (20) couvre sensiblement u n quartier de la portion de sphéroïde, chaque quartier s'étendant entre des méridiens (M 1 , M2) espacés d'un angle (A22) inférieur à 35°, de préférence inférieur à 25°. 8. Cup (2) according to claim 7, wherein each network (20) substantially covers a quarter of the spheroid portion, each quarter extending between meridians (M 1, M2) spaced from an angle (A22) less than 35 °, preferably less than 25 °.
9. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la couche externe (1 10) comprend deux réseaux (120) de mailles (122.1 , 122.2) qui sont interpénétrés et dont les mailles (122.1 , 122.2) ont des dimensions équivalentes. 9. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (1 10) comprises two networks (120) of meshes (122.1, 122.2) which are interpenetrated and whose meshes (122.1, 122.2) have equivalent dimensions.
10. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque maille (22) a des dimensions comprises entre 200 micromètres et 800 micromètres, de préférence entre 430 micromètres et 650 micromètres. 10. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each mesh (22) has dimensions between 200 microns and 800 micrometers, preferably between 430 micrometers and 650 micrometers.
1 1 . Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque maille (22) a globalement une forme de parallélépipède à base rectangulaire, de préférence de parallélépipède droit, chaque maille ayant par exemple une forme de cube. 1 1. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each mesh (22) has a generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, preferably rectangular parallelepiped, each cell having for example a cube shape.
12. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la densité de la couche externe (10) est comprise entre 30% et 90%, de préférence entre 60% et 80%, de préférence encore égale à environ 75%. 12. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the density of the outer layer (10) is between 30% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 80%, more preferably equal to about 75%. %.
13. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la couche externe (10) a une épaisseur (E10) comprise entre 0,3 mm et 7 mm, de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 3 mm. 13. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (10) has a thickness (E10) of between 0.3 mm and 7 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.
14. Cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le matériau métallique est un matériau biocompatible, implantable et compatible avec un procédé génératif par frittage de poudre, le matériau métallique pouvant en particulier être sélectionné dans le groupe constitué du titane pur, d'un alliage à base de titane, de chrome, de cobalt et d'acier inoxydable. 14. Cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the metallic material is a biocompatible material, implantable and compatible with a generative process by powder sintering, the metal material may in particular be selected from the group consisting of titanium pure, an alloy based on titanium, chromium, cobalt and stainless steel.
15. Implant orthopédique (1 ) tel qu'un implant cotyloïdien, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes et un organe d'articulation (14) formé par un insert fixé dans la cavité interne (4), par exemple par emmanchement. 15. Orthopedic implant (1) such as an acetabular implant, characterized in that it comprises a cup (2) according to one of the preceding claims and a hinge member (14) formed by an insert fixed in the cavity internal (4), for example by fitting.
16. Procédé, pour réaliser une cupule (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, le procédé comprenant les étapes : 16. A method for producing a cup (2) according to one of claims 1 to 14, the method comprising the steps of:
former une strate de poudre du matériau métallique ;  forming a powder stratum of the metallic material;
- mettre en œuvre une machine à procédé génératif, par exemple une machine de frittage laser sélectif, de façon à fritter la strate de manière déterminée par une unité de commande ;  - Implement a generative process machine, for example a selective laser sintering machine, so as to sinter the layer in a manner determined by a control unit;
répéter les étapes précitées jusqu'à former la cupule (2).  repeat the above steps until forming the cup (2).
EP13710480.8A 2012-02-20 2013-02-19 Cup for an orthopaedic implant, orthopaedic implant comprising such a cup and method for producing such a cup Withdrawn EP2816973A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1251515A FR2986962B1 (en) 2012-02-20 2012-02-20 ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANT CUP, ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANT COMPRISING SUCH A CUPULE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A CUPULE
PCT/FR2013/050335 WO2013124576A1 (en) 2012-02-20 2013-02-19 Cup for an orthopaedic implant, orthopaedic implant comprising such a cup and method for producing such a cup

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US (1) US20150012109A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2816973A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2015510426A (en)
AU (1) AU2013223904A1 (en)
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JP2015510426A (en) 2015-04-09
FR2986962B1 (en) 2014-02-14
FR2986962A1 (en) 2013-08-23
WO2013124576A1 (en) 2013-08-29
AU2013223904A1 (en) 2014-08-21
IN2014DN06582A (en) 2015-05-22
US20150012109A1 (en) 2015-01-08

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