EP2816581A1 - Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents
Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2816581A1 EP2816581A1 EP13172583.0A EP13172583A EP2816581A1 EP 2816581 A1 EP2816581 A1 EP 2816581A1 EP 13172583 A EP13172583 A EP 13172583A EP 2816581 A1 EP2816581 A1 EP 2816581A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit breaker
- volume
- flow duct
- arcing
- compression volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H2033/906—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker according to the introductory part of claim 1 which is operated according to the self-blast method.
- the circuit breaker uses the energy of a switching arc for generating and for storing a pressurized arc extinguishing gas in a heating volume. After current-zero the arc extinguishing gas enables a hot gas clearance of a gap which is arranged between two arcing contacts and thus enables the breaking of a current to be interrupted.
- a mechanically operated piston-cylinder arrangement with a movable and a stationary part which parts enclose a compression volume assists the switching arc in generating the arc extinguishing gas.
- Insulating gas which during the breaking operation mechanically is pressurized and stored in the compression volume enables a sufficient hot gas clearance in the gap after current zero in the case of breaking a weak current.
- the heating volume and the compression volume communicate by means of a flow duct.
- an intermediate valve is provided which closes the flow duct when the gas pressure in the heating volume is higher than the gas pressure in the compression volume.
- a circuit breaker of the afore-mentioned type is described in US 5,898,149 .
- the described circuit breaker comprises a blowout volume which during breaking a current is connected to an arcing zone in which a switching arc then burns between two arcing contacts.
- a mechanically operated compression volume communicates via a flow channel with the blowout volume.
- a valve closes the flow channel in the event of overpressure in the blowout volume.
- DE 29 44 205 A1 describes a circuit breaker with a device for controlling the pressure build-up in a compression volume of a mechanically operated piston-cylinder arrangement.
- the control device comprises a valve having a pivotably arranged disk as movable valve member and a seat as stationary valve member.
- the control device further comprises a tube which is fixedly secured to the disk and which is provided with a guideway having two axially extended sections and an inclined section arranged between these two sections.
- a stationary pin of the control device in function of the stroke of a movable arcing contact enters the inclined section of the guideway and thus causes pivoting of the disk.
- openings of the disk and openings of the seat are aligned and form channels which enable pre-compressed gas to escape the compression volume at a desired stroke.
- the invention supplies a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker comprising a heating volume which during a breaking operation is connected with an arcing zone and which is provided for receiving pressurized arcing gases, a piston-cylinder arrangement with a movable part and a stationary part which enclose a compression volume, a first flow duct connecting the compression volume with the heating volume, and an intermediate valve for closing the first flow duct when the gas pressure in the heating volume is higher than the gas pressure in the compression volume.
- a movable unit executes a stroke along an axis with respect to the stationary part of the piston-cylinder arrangement in the course of which a mechanically pressurized insulating gas is generated in the compression volume, a first and a second arcing contact disconnect at a first value of the stroke and the second arcing contact travels a second flow duct extended from the arcing zone through an insulating nozzle to an exhaust volume.
- the circuit breaker further comprises a control device for keeping the first flow duct in the beginning of the breaking operation closed and for opening the first flow duct when the stroke achieves a second value at a time in which the second arcing contact starts to release the second flow duct.
- the control device keeps the first flow duct during the breaking operation closed and opens the first flow duct only at a defined stroke of the movable unit, that means at an instant in which the second arcing contact begins to release the second flow duct.
- the pressure in the compression volume for reason of the stroke and the pressure in the heating volume for reason of back-heating with an switching arc have achieved an optimized value.
- a heating channel is enabled to introduce pressurized insulating gas with a comparatively high pressure from the compression volume and the heating volume into the arcing zone.
- the switching performance can be improved remarkably without increasing the mechanical energy needed for generating the pressurizing insulating gas which is required for thermally blowing the switching arc in the arcing zone and thus for interrupting a current successfully.
- control device can comprise a spring system which is arranged in the compression volume and which comprises at least two springs connected in series, the movable part of the piston-cylinder arrangement can support a first end of at least a first of the at least two springs, a stationary part of the piston-cylinder arrangement can support a first end of a second of the at least two springs, and the control device can further comprise an actuating member which is mechanically coupled with the movable valve member of the intermediate valve and which supports a second end of the first and a second end of the second spring.
- the actuating member can comprise at least one first pin which is guided through the first flow duct, wherein a first end of the first pin is firmly connected with the movable valve member and a second end of the first pin comprises a head which supports the second end of the first spring.
- the actuating member can further comprise a ring body resting with a first annular surface on the head and with an opposing second annular surface on the second end of the second spring.
- the movable valve member can be designed as a plane annular disk and first ends of the first and of at least a second pin are fixedly secured to the plane annular disk.
- the at least first spring In the closed position of the circuit breaker the at least first spring can be preloaded.
- the spring system can be adjusted such that a pre-load of the second spring compensates the pre-load of the at least first spring at the second value of the stroke.
- the at least first and resp. or the second spring can be designed as a coil spring.
- the second spring and the actuating member can then be coaxially arranged on the movable unit.
- control device can comprise a pilot valve being arranged on the outlet of the compression volume into the first flow duct and a cam control for controlling a movable valve member of the pilot valve in function of the stroke of the movable unit.
- the cam control can comprise a stationary pin and a tubular cam carrier, the cam carrier can pivotably be born on the movable unit and can comprise a connection section and a tubular section which holds a first guideway, the first guideway can receive the stationary pin, and the connection section can receive a connection part of the pilot valve.
- the first guideway can comprise two axially extended sections being displaced from each other in axial and in circumferential direction and a third section connecting the two axially extended sections.
- connection section can comprise an radially extended flange which can pivotably be born and hold on the outlet of the compression volume and which can comprise at least one hole being aligned with the first flow duct when during the breaking operation the stationary pin has finished travelling in the third section of the first guideway.
- connection section can comprise a second guideway which extends with an offset in circumferential and in axial direction and which receives a guidance pin integrated in the movable pilot valve member.
- the embodiments of the high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention shown in figures 1 to 7 comprise a tubular housing 10 which is extended along an axis A.
- the housing 10 receives a contact assembly with two contact members 20, 30 and is filled with an insulating gas having arc-extinguishing properties, in particular a gas on the basis of sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen or carbon dioxide or a mixture comprising one or more of these gases.
- the insulating gas is pressurized up to some bar, for instance five to eight bar.
- the contact member 20 resp. 30 in coaxial arrangement comprises an arcing contact 21 resp. 31 and a nominal contact 22 resp. 32 which surrounds the corresponding arcing contact 21 resp. 31.
- the contact member 20 comprises an insulating nozzle 23 which is preferably manufactured of a polymer on the basis of a polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) and which is kept in coaxial arrangement between the arcing contact 21 lying inside and the hollow nominal contact 22 lying outside.
- the contact member 20 further comprises an auxiliary insulating nozzle 24 which is supported on the free end of the tulip-shaped, hollow arcing contact 21.
- the auxiliary nozzle 24 encircles the free end of arcing contact 21 and together with the surrounding insulating nozzle 23 borders an annular heating channel 25.
- the arcing contact 31 passes the insulating nozzle 23 and closes an axially extended flow duct 26 of the nozzle 23.
- the hollow arcing contact 21 receives a head 33 of the arcing contact 31 which is shaped as a plug.
- the heating channel 25 connects an arcing zone with a heating volume 40.
- the heating volume is connected with a cylindrically shaped compression volume 51 of a puffer device.
- the puffer device is designed as a piston-cylinder arrangement 50 and comprises a movable part 53 and a stationary part 54 which enclose the compression volume 51.
- a metallic tube 55 resp. a hollow contact carrier 28 of the arcing contact 21 border the compression volume 51 in the radial direction to the outside resp. to the inside, whereas two radially extended metallic disks 57, 58 form the two end faces of the compression volume 51 and thus border the compression volume in the axial direction.
- the disk 58 separates the heating volume 40 and the compression volume 51 and functions as the piston resp. the movable part 53 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50.
- the hollow arcing contact 21, the nominal contact 22, the insulating nozzle 23, the auxiliary nozzle 24, the heating channel 25, the heating volume 40 and the movable part 53, in particular the disk 58, are firmly connected as a movable unit 27 and can be moved along the axis A by means of a drive D.
- the disk 57 is firmly connected to a first of two stationary current terminals of the circuit breaker and supports the metallic tube 55.
- the disk 57 and the metallic tube 55 function as the cylinder resp. the stationary part 54 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50.
- An intermediate valve 60 is arranged on the disk 58.
- the intermediate valve 60 comprises a movable valve member 61 and several flow ducts 62 which penetrate the disk 58 and connect the compression volume 51 with the heating volume 40.
- the flow ducts 62 are distributed equally in circumferential direction in the disk 58.
- the movable valve member 61 is arranged in the heating volume 40 and closes the flow ducts 62 when a gas pressure in the heating volume 40 is higher than a gas pressure in the compression volume 51.
- a control device 70 is arranged in the compression volume 51.
- the control device 70 comprises a spring system 80 ( Fig.2 ) which is arranged in the compression volume 51 and which includes several small coil springs 81 and a large central coil spring 82 being extended along the tubular contact carrier 28 of the arcing contact 21.
- the small springs 81 are connected in parallel and in series with the large spring 82.
- the movable part 53 resp. the disk 58 supports first ends of the small springs 81.
- the stationary part 54 resp. the disk 57 supports a first end of the large central spring 82.
- the control device 70 further comprises an actuating member 85 which is mechanically coupled with the movable valve member 61 of the intermediate valve 60 and which supports second ends of the small springs 81 and the second end of the large central spring 82.
- the actuating member 85 comprises pins 86. Each pin 86 is separately guided in one of the flow ducts 62. A first end of the pin 86 is firmly connected to the movable valve member 61 and a second end of the pin 86 comprises a head 87 which supports the second end of the small springs 81.
- the actuating member 85 further comprises a ring body 88 resting with a first annular surface on the heads 87 of the pins 86 and with an opposing second annular surface on the second end of the large central spring 82.
- the movable valve member 61 is designed as a plane annular disk.
- the first ends of the pins 86, which pins are guided through the flow ducts 62 to the heating volume 40, are firmly connected to the plane annular disk.
- the large central spring 82 is nearly not preloaded, whereas the small springs 81 are preloaded and keep the intermediate valve 60 closed.
- the mechanical drive D moves the arcing contact 21 resp. the movable unit 27 to the left.
- the movable unit 27 executes a stroke with respect to the stationary part 54 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50, during which stroke pressurized insulating gas is generated in the compression volume 51.
- a current to be interrupted commutates into a current path which includes the arcing contacts 21, 31.
- the arcing contacts 21, 31 disconnect at a first value of the stroke.
- a first gas pressure dominates the compression volume.
- An arc is struck between the separated arcing contacts 21 and 31 which heats up and generates pressurized arcing gas in an arcing zone (not shown).
- the arcing contact 31 who travels the flow duct 26 releases the heating channel 25 the hot pressurized arcing gases are guided via the heating channel 25 to the heating volume 40 which is provided for receiving and storing the pressurized arcing gases.
- the intermediate valve 60 and thus also the flow ducts 62 are kept closed by means of the control device 70.
- the intermediate valve 60 opens only at a second value of the stroke which exceeds the first value.
- the gas pressure in the compression volume 51 then exceeds the afore-mentioned first gas pressure considerably.
- the force of the large spring 82 is stronger than the force of the small springs 81 and forces the intermediate valve 60 to open at the higher second pressure of the pressurized insulating gas in the compression volume 51.
- the head 33 of the arcing contact 31 releases the flow duct 26 of the nozzle 23.
- the heating volume 40 and the compression volume 51 can pass the nozzle 23 and can blow the arc beyond current zero until the current is interrupted.
- the comparatively high pressures in the compression volume 51 and in the heating volume 40 are useful for a successful breaking of a low current without increasing the drive energy.
- a gas pressure in the compression volume 51 with a well-sized second value and thus a relative high pressure also in the heating volume 40 can be achieved if the intermediate valve 60 opens only at a time as the arcing contact 31 is going to release the flow duct 26 of the insulating nozzle 23.
- the intermediate valve 60 opens completely and remains open in the final open position of the circuit breaker.
- the large central spring 82 and the small springs 81 then reach their maximum preload.
- control device 70 comprises a pilot valve 90 which is arranged on the outlet of the compression volume 51 into the flow ducts 62.
- the control device 70 further comprises a cam control 100 for controlling a movable valve member 91 of the pilot valve 90 in function of the stroke of the movable unit 27.
- the cam control 100 comprises a stationary pin 101 and a tubular cam carrier 102.
- the cam carrier 102 is pivotably born on the movable unit 27 resp. the hollow contact carrier 28 of the movable arcing contact 21 and comprises a connection section 103 and a tubular section 104 which holds a guideway 105.
- the guideway receives the stationary pin 101.
- the connection section 103 receives a connection part of the movable pilot valve member 91.
- the guideway 105 is illustrated in Fig.7 and comprises two axially extended sections 105a und 105b. These two sections are displaced from each other in the axial and in the circumferential direction. A third section 105c of the guideway 105 connects the two axially extended sections 105a und 105b.
- connection section 103 comprises an radially extended flange 106 which is hold on the disk 58 and thus on the outlet of the compression volume 51 by means of a stop 58a.
- the stop 58a is arranged on the stationary disk 58 and prevents a movement of the tubular cam carrier 102 in the axial direction.
- the flange 106 is extended in parallel with the disk 58 and comprises a number of holes 107 which correspond the number of the flow ducts 62 and which can be aligned with the flow ducts 62 as shown in fig.4 .
- the stationary pin 101 is located on the left end of the section 105a of the guideway.
- the flange 106 has a position in which the holes 107 meet parts of the disk 58 which do not comprise an aperture of the flow duct 62.
- the pilot valve 90 is closed and any flow of insulating gas from the compression volume 51 to the heating volume 40 is interrupted.
- the arcing contact 21 resp. the movable unit 27 and thus the cam carrier 102 moves to the left.
- the arcing contacts 21, 31 separate and a small switching arc is drawn between the heads of the arcing contacts 21, 31. Since in the closed position the arcing contact 31 has entered the hollow arcing contact 21 at the first value of the stroke the insulating gas provided in the compression volume 51 is compressed to the first pressure which is higher than the pressure in the closed position.
- the pilot valve 90 remains closed until the stroke achieves a second value in which the stationary pin 101 enters the section 105c of the guideway 105.
- the travelling of the pin 101 in the section 105c rotates the cam carrier 102 around the axis A.
- the rotation angle is designed such that at the end of the rotation, that means when the stationary pin 101 enters the section 105b, the holes 107 are aligned with the flow ducts 62.
- the pilot valve 90 then is completely open and rather strongly precompressed insulating gas escapes the compression volume 51 and via intermediate valve 60, heating volume 40 and heating channel can enter the arcing zone and can blow the switching arc.
- the stationary pin 101 travels the section 105b and keeps the pilot valve 90 completely open.
- the pilot valve 90 remains completely open in the final open position of the circuit breaker.
- connection section 103 does not comprise the flange 106 but as shown in fig.7 a guideway 108 which extends with an offset in circumferential and in axial direction and which receives a pin 92 ( figures 5 and 6 ) integrated in the movable valve member 91 of the pilot valve 90.
- the annularly shaped movable valve member 91 closes the flow ducts 62 and prevents any gas exchange between the compression volume 51 and the heating volume 40.
- the rotation of the cam carrier 105 causes the pin 92 to move along the guideway 108 and to displace the movable valve member 91 from the disk 58 along the axis A.
- the pilot valve 90 opens at the second gas pressure and rather strongly precompressed insulating gas escapes the compression volume 51 and via intermediate valve 90, heating volume 40 and heating channel can enter the arcing zone and can blow the switching arc.
- the stationary pin 101 travels the section 105b and keeps the pilot valve 90 completely open.
- the pilot valve 90 remains completely open in the final open position of the circuit breaker.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker according to the introductory part of
claim 1 which is operated according to the self-blast method. - In the self-blast method the circuit breaker uses the energy of a switching arc for generating and for storing a pressurized arc extinguishing gas in a heating volume. After current-zero the arc extinguishing gas enables a hot gas clearance of a gap which is arranged between two arcing contacts and thus enables the breaking of a current to be interrupted.
- A mechanically operated piston-cylinder arrangement with a movable and a stationary part which parts enclose a compression volume assists the switching arc in generating the arc extinguishing gas. Insulating gas which during the breaking operation mechanically is pressurized and stored in the compression volume enables a sufficient hot gas clearance in the gap after current zero in the case of breaking a weak current.
- The heating volume and the compression volume communicate by means of a flow duct. In order to avoid an undesired high pressure in the compression volume an intermediate valve is provided which closes the flow duct when the gas pressure in the heating volume is higher than the gas pressure in the compression volume.
- A circuit breaker of the afore-mentioned type is described in
US 5,898,149 . The described circuit breaker comprises a blowout volume which during breaking a current is connected to an arcing zone in which a switching arc then burns between two arcing contacts. A mechanically operated compression volume communicates via a flow channel with the blowout volume. A valve closes the flow channel in the event of overpressure in the blowout volume. - During a breaking process the mechanically generated pressure build-up in the compression volume is partly distributed through the valve in the blowout volume and lost through the flow to the arcing contacts.
-
DE 29 44 205 A1 describes a circuit breaker with a device for controlling the pressure build-up in a compression volume of a mechanically operated piston-cylinder arrangement. The control device comprises a valve having a pivotably arranged disk as movable valve member and a seat as stationary valve member. The control device further comprises a tube which is fixedly secured to the disk and which is provided with a guideway having two axially extended sections and an inclined section arranged between these two sections. - In a breaking process a stationary pin of the control device in function of the stroke of a movable arcing contact enters the inclined section of the guideway and thus causes pivoting of the disk. During pivoting openings of the disk and openings of the seat are aligned and form channels which enable pre-compressed gas to escape the compression volume at a desired stroke.
- It is an object of the invention as described in the patent claims to specify a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker of the afore-mentioned type which enables an increase of the pressure build-up in the heating volume without increasing the energy for mechanically generating the pressure build-up in the compression volume.
- The invention supplies a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker comprising a heating volume which during a breaking operation is connected with an arcing zone and which is provided for receiving pressurized arcing gases, a piston-cylinder arrangement with a movable part and a stationary part which enclose a compression volume, a first flow duct connecting the compression volume with the heating volume, and an intermediate valve for closing the first flow duct when the gas pressure in the heating volume is higher than the gas pressure in the compression volume.
- During a breaking operation of the circuit breaker a movable unit executes a stroke along an axis with respect to the stationary part of the piston-cylinder arrangement in the course of which a mechanically pressurized insulating gas is generated in the compression volume, a first and a second arcing contact disconnect at a first value of the stroke and the second arcing contact travels a second flow duct extended from the arcing zone through an insulating nozzle to an exhaust volume.
- The circuit breaker further comprises a control device for keeping the first flow duct in the beginning of the breaking operation closed and for opening the first flow duct when the stroke achieves a second value at a time in which the second arcing contact starts to release the second flow duct.
- The control device keeps the first flow duct during the breaking operation closed and opens the first flow duct only at a defined stroke of the movable unit, that means at an instant in which the second arcing contact begins to release the second flow duct. At that instant the pressure in the compression volume for reason of the stroke and the pressure in the heating volume for reason of back-heating with an switching arc have achieved an optimized value. Now a heating channel is enabled to introduce pressurized insulating gas with a comparatively high pressure from the compression volume and the heating volume into the arcing zone. Thus the switching performance can be improved remarkably without increasing the mechanical energy needed for generating the pressurizing insulating gas which is required for thermally blowing the switching arc in the arcing zone and thus for interrupting a current successfully.
- In a first embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention the control device can comprise a spring system which is arranged in the compression volume and which comprises at least two springs connected in series, the movable part of the piston-cylinder arrangement can support a first end of at least a first of the at least two springs, a stationary part of the piston-cylinder arrangement can support a first end of a second of the at least two springs, and the control device can further comprise an actuating member which is mechanically coupled with the movable valve member of the intermediate valve and which supports a second end of the first and a second end of the second spring.
- The actuating member can comprise at least one first pin which is guided through the first flow duct, wherein a first end of the first pin is firmly connected with the movable valve member and a second end of the first pin comprises a head which supports the second end of the first spring.
- The actuating member can further comprise a ring body resting with a first annular surface on the head and with an opposing second annular surface on the second end of the second spring.
- The movable valve member can be designed as a plane annular disk and first ends of the first and of at least a second pin are fixedly secured to the plane annular disk.
- In the closed position of the circuit breaker the at least first spring can be preloaded. The spring system can be adjusted such that a pre-load of the second spring compensates the pre-load of the at least first spring at the second value of the stroke.
- The at least first and resp. or the second spring can be designed as a coil spring. The second spring and the actuating member can then be coaxially arranged on the movable unit.
- In a second embodiment the circuit breaker according to the invention the control device can comprise a pilot valve being arranged on the outlet of the compression volume into the first flow duct and a cam control for controlling a movable valve member of the pilot valve in function of the stroke of the movable unit.
- The cam control can comprise a stationary pin and a tubular cam carrier, the cam carrier can pivotably be born on the movable unit and can comprise a connection section and a tubular section which holds a first guideway, the first guideway can receive the stationary pin, and the connection section can receive a connection part of the pilot valve.
- The first guideway can comprise two axially extended sections being displaced from each other in axial and in circumferential direction and a third section connecting the two axially extended sections.
- The connection section can comprise an radially extended flange which can pivotably be born and hold on the outlet of the compression volume and which can comprise at least one hole being aligned with the first flow duct when during the breaking operation the stationary pin has finished travelling in the third section of the first guideway. Alternatively the connection section can comprise a second guideway which extends with an offset in circumferential and in axial direction and which receives a guidance pin integrated in the movable pilot valve member.
- These and other characteristics of the invention will be clear from the following description of preferential forms, given as non-restrictive examples, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
- Fig.1
- is a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention in the final closed position, which section is extended along an axis A,
- Fig.2
- an enlarged view of a bordered part of the high-voltage circuit breaker according to
fig.1 , - Fig.3
- a part of the enlarged view according to
fig.2 during a breaking operation of the high-voltage circuit breaker, - Fig.4
- a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention during a breaking operation,
- Fig.5
- a longitudinal section of third embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position,
- Fig.6
- the embodiment according to
fig.5 during a breaking operation, and - Fig.7
- a cam carrier of the embodiment according to
figures 5 and 6 . - In the figures same reference symbols are used for identical parts and repetitive reference symbols may be omitted.
- The embodiments of the high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention shown in
figures 1 to 7 comprise atubular housing 10 which is extended along an axis A. Thehousing 10 receives a contact assembly with twocontact members - The
contact member 20 resp. 30 in coaxial arrangement comprises an arcingcontact 21 resp. 31 and anominal contact 22 resp. 32 which surrounds the corresponding arcingcontact 21 resp. 31. Thecontact member 20 comprises aninsulating nozzle 23 which is preferably manufactured of a polymer on the basis of a polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) and which is kept in coaxial arrangement between the arcingcontact 21 lying inside and the hollownominal contact 22 lying outside. Thecontact member 20 further comprises anauxiliary insulating nozzle 24 which is supported on the free end of the tulip-shaped,hollow arcing contact 21. Theauxiliary nozzle 24 encircles the free end of arcingcontact 21 and together with the surrounding insulatingnozzle 23 borders anannular heating channel 25. In the shown closed position of the circuit breaker the arcingcontact 31 passes the insulatingnozzle 23 and closes an axiallyextended flow duct 26 of thenozzle 23. Thehollow arcing contact 21 receives ahead 33 of the arcingcontact 31 which is shaped as a plug. - During a breaking operation of the circuit breaker the
heating channel 25 connects an arcing zone with aheating volume 40. The heating volume is connected with a cylindrically shapedcompression volume 51 of a puffer device. The puffer device is designed as a piston-cylinder arrangement 50 and comprises amovable part 53 and astationary part 54 which enclose thecompression volume 51. Ametallic tube 55 resp. ahollow contact carrier 28 of the arcingcontact 21 border thecompression volume 51 in the radial direction to the outside resp. to the inside, whereas two radially extendedmetallic disks compression volume 51 and thus border the compression volume in the axial direction. - The
disk 58 separates theheating volume 40 and thecompression volume 51 and functions as the piston resp. themovable part 53 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50. Thehollow arcing contact 21, thenominal contact 22, the insulatingnozzle 23, theauxiliary nozzle 24, theheating channel 25, theheating volume 40 and themovable part 53, in particular thedisk 58, are firmly connected as amovable unit 27 and can be moved along the axis A by means of a drive D. - The
disk 57 is firmly connected to a first of two stationary current terminals of the circuit breaker and supports themetallic tube 55. Thedisk 57 and themetallic tube 55 function as the cylinder resp. thestationary part 54 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50. - An
intermediate valve 60 is arranged on thedisk 58. As can be seen infig.2 theintermediate valve 60 comprises amovable valve member 61 andseveral flow ducts 62 which penetrate thedisk 58 and connect thecompression volume 51 with theheating volume 40. Theflow ducts 62 are distributed equally in circumferential direction in thedisk 58. Themovable valve member 61 is arranged in theheating volume 40 and closes theflow ducts 62 when a gas pressure in theheating volume 40 is higher than a gas pressure in thecompression volume 51. Acontrol device 70 is arranged in thecompression volume 51. - In the embodiment according to
figures 1 to 3 thecontrol device 70 comprises a spring system 80 (Fig.2 ) which is arranged in thecompression volume 51 and which includes severalsmall coil springs 81 and a largecentral coil spring 82 being extended along thetubular contact carrier 28 of the arcingcontact 21. Thesmall springs 81 are connected in parallel and in series with thelarge spring 82. Themovable part 53 resp. thedisk 58 supports first ends of the small springs 81. Thestationary part 54 resp. thedisk 57 supports a first end of the largecentral spring 82. - The
control device 70 further comprises an actuatingmember 85 which is mechanically coupled with themovable valve member 61 of theintermediate valve 60 and which supports second ends of thesmall springs 81 and the second end of the largecentral spring 82. The actuatingmember 85 comprises pins 86. Eachpin 86 is separately guided in one of theflow ducts 62. A first end of thepin 86 is firmly connected to themovable valve member 61 and a second end of thepin 86 comprises ahead 87 which supports the second end of the small springs 81. The actuatingmember 85 further comprises aring body 88 resting with a first annular surface on theheads 87 of thepins 86 and with an opposing second annular surface on the second end of the largecentral spring 82. - The
movable valve member 61 is designed as a plane annular disk. The first ends of thepins 86, which pins are guided through theflow ducts 62 to theheating volume 40, are firmly connected to the plane annular disk. - As shown in
fig.2 in the closed position of the circuit breaker the largecentral spring 82 is nearly not preloaded, whereas thesmall springs 81 are preloaded and keep theintermediate valve 60 closed. During an operation for breaking a small current the mechanical drive D moves the arcingcontact 21 resp. themovable unit 27 to the left. Themovable unit 27 executes a stroke with respect to thestationary part 54 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50, during which stroke pressurized insulating gas is generated in thecompression volume 51. After a disconnection of thenominal contacts 22, 32 a current to be interrupted commutates into a current path which includes the arcingcontacts contacts separated arcing contacts contact 31 who travels theflow duct 26 releases theheating channel 25 the hot pressurized arcing gases are guided via theheating channel 25 to theheating volume 40 which is provided for receiving and storing the pressurized arcing gases. - In order to avoid in the beginning of the arc formation a gas flow from the
compression volume 51 to theheating volume 40 and to the arcing zone theintermediate valve 60 and thus also theflow ducts 62 are kept closed by means of thecontrol device 70. Theintermediate valve 60 opens only at a second value of the stroke which exceeds the first value. The gas pressure in thecompression volume 51 then exceeds the afore-mentioned first gas pressure considerably. - As long as the
intermediate valve 60 remains closed a comparatively high gas pressure can be built up by the energy of the drive in thecompression volume 51 and by back-heating also in theheating volume 40. Since in the closed position the arcingcontact 31 has entered thehollow arcing contact 21 at the first value of the stroke the insulating gas provided in thecompression volume 51 is compressed to the first pressure which is higher than the pressure in the closed position. The increased preload of thesmall springs 81 keeps thevalve 60 closed until the stroke achieves the second value. The gas pressure in thecompression volume 51 then has achieved a second value which exceeds the before-defined first pressure. - As shown in
fig.3 now the force of thelarge spring 82 is stronger than the force of thesmall springs 81 and forces theintermediate valve 60 to open at the higher second pressure of the pressurized insulating gas in thecompression volume 51. At the same time thehead 33 of the arcingcontact 31 releases theflow duct 26 of thenozzle 23. Now stored gases in the arcing zone, theheating volume 40 and thecompression volume 51 can pass thenozzle 23 and can blow the arc beyond current zero until the current is interrupted. The comparatively high pressures in thecompression volume 51 and in theheating volume 40 are useful for a successful breaking of a low current without increasing the drive energy. A gas pressure in thecompression volume 51 with a well-sized second value and thus a relative high pressure also in theheating volume 40 can be achieved if theintermediate valve 60 opens only at a time as the arcingcontact 31 is going to release theflow duct 26 of the insulatingnozzle 23. - Afterwards the
intermediate valve 60 opens completely and remains open in the final open position of the circuit breaker. The largecentral spring 82 and thesmall springs 81 then reach their maximum preload. - In the two embodiments according to
figures 4 to 7 thecontrol device 70 comprises apilot valve 90 which is arranged on the outlet of thecompression volume 51 into the flow ducts 62.Thecontrol device 70 further comprises acam control 100 for controlling amovable valve member 91 of thepilot valve 90 in function of the stroke of themovable unit 27. - The
cam control 100 comprises astationary pin 101 and atubular cam carrier 102. Thecam carrier 102 is pivotably born on themovable unit 27 resp. thehollow contact carrier 28 of themovable arcing contact 21 and comprises aconnection section 103 and atubular section 104 which holds aguideway 105. The guideway receives thestationary pin 101. Theconnection section 103 receives a connection part of the movablepilot valve member 91. - The
guideway 105 is illustrated inFig.7 and comprises two axially extendedsections 105a und 105b. These two sections are displaced from each other in the axial and in the circumferential direction. Athird section 105c of theguideway 105 connects the two axially extendedsections 105a und 105b. - In the embodiment according to
fig. 4 theconnection section 103 comprises an radiallyextended flange 106 which is hold on thedisk 58 and thus on the outlet of thecompression volume 51 by means of astop 58a. Thestop 58a is arranged on thestationary disk 58 and prevents a movement of thetubular cam carrier 102 in the axial direction. Theflange 106 is extended in parallel with thedisk 58 and comprises a number ofholes 107 which correspond the number of theflow ducts 62 and which can be aligned with theflow ducts 62 as shown infig.4 . - In the closed position of the circuit breaker according to
fig.4 thestationary pin 101 is located on the left end of thesection 105a of the guideway. Theflange 106 has a position in which theholes 107 meet parts of thedisk 58 which do not comprise an aperture of theflow duct 62. Thus thepilot valve 90 is closed and any flow of insulating gas from thecompression volume 51 to theheating volume 40 is interrupted. - During an operation for breaking a small current the arcing
contact 21 resp. themovable unit 27 and thus thecam carrier 102 moves to the left. At the afore-mentioned first value of the stroke of themovable unit 27 the arcingcontacts contacts contact 31 has entered thehollow arcing contact 21 at the first value of the stroke the insulating gas provided in thecompression volume 51 is compressed to the first pressure which is higher than the pressure in the closed position. Thepilot valve 90 remains closed until the stroke achieves a second value in which thestationary pin 101 enters thesection 105c of theguideway 105. The travelling of thepin 101 in thesection 105c rotates thecam carrier 102 around the axis A. The rotation angle is designed such that at the end of the rotation, that means when thestationary pin 101 enters thesection 105b, theholes 107 are aligned with theflow ducts 62. Thepilot valve 90 then is completely open and rather strongly precompressed insulating gas escapes thecompression volume 51 and viaintermediate valve 60,heating volume 40 and heating channel can enter the arcing zone and can blow the switching arc. Thestationary pin 101 travels thesection 105b and keeps thepilot valve 90 completely open. Thepilot valve 90 remains completely open in the final open position of the circuit breaker. - In contrast to the embodiment according to
fig.4 in the embodiment according tofigures 5 to 7 theconnection section 103 does not comprise theflange 106 but as shown infig.7 aguideway 108 which extends with an offset in circumferential and in axial direction and which receives a pin 92 (figures 5 and 6 ) integrated in themovable valve member 91 of thepilot valve 90. - In the closed position of the circuit breaker shown in
fig.5 the annularly shapedmovable valve member 91 closes theflow ducts 62 and prevents any gas exchange between thecompression volume 51 and theheating volume 40. - During an opening operation of the circuit breaker the arcing
contact 21 resp. themovable unit 27 and thus thecam carrier 102 moves to the left. Thepin 92, which is arranged in theguideway 108, prevents any axial displacement of themovable valve member 91 with respect to thedisk 58. Thus thepilot valve 90 remains closed as long as thestationary pin 101 travels thesection 105a of theguideway 105. When the stroke of themovable unit 27 achieves the second value in which thestationary pin 101 enters thesection 105c of theguideway 105 thepin 101 rotates thecam carrier 102 around the axis A. The rotation of thecam carrier 105 causes thepin 92 to move along theguideway 108 and to displace themovable valve member 91 from thedisk 58 along the axis A. As shown infig.6 thus also thepilot valve 90 according to this embodiment opens at the second gas pressure and rather strongly precompressed insulating gas escapes thecompression volume 51 and viaintermediate valve 90,heating volume 40 and heating channel can enter the arcing zone and can blow the switching arc. Thestationary pin 101 travels thesection 105b and keeps thepilot valve 90 completely open. Thepilot valve 90 remains completely open in the final open position of the circuit breaker. -
- 10
- housing
- 20
- contact member
- 21
- arcing contact
- 22
- nominal contact
- 23
- insulating nozzle
- 24
- auxiliary insulating nozzle
- 25
- heating channel
- 26
- flow duct
- 27
- movable unit
- 28
- tubular contact carrier of the arcing
contact 21 - 30
- contact member
- 31
- arcing contact
- 32
- nominal contact
- 33
- head of the arcing
contact 31 - 40
- heating volume
- 50
- piston-cylinder arrangement
- 51
- compression volume
- 53
- movable part of the piston-cylinder arrangement
- 54
- stationary part of the piston-cylinder arrangement
- 55
- tube
- 57, 58
- disks
- 58a
- stop
- 60
- intermediate valve
- 61
- movable valve member
- 62
- flow ducts
- 70
- control device
- 80
- spring system
- 81
- small springs
- 82
- large spring
- 85
- actuating member
- 86
- pins
- 87
- head of a
pin 91 - 88
- ring body
- 90
- pilot valve
- 91
- movable valve member
- 92
- pin
- 100
- cam control
- 101
- stationary pin
- 102
- cam carrier
- 103
- connection section
- 104
- tubular section
- 105
- guideway
- 105a, 105b,105 c
- sections of the guideway
- 106
- flange
- 107
- holes
- 108
- guideway
- A
- axis
- D
- drive
Claims (14)
- A gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker comprising
a heating volume (40) which during a breaking operation is connected with an arcing zone and which is provided for receiving pressurized arcing gases, a piston-cylinder arrangement (50) with a movable part (53) and a stationary part (54) which enclose a compression volume (51),
a first flow duct (62) connecting the compression volume (51) with the heating volume (40), and
an intermediate valve (60) for closing the first flow duct (62) when the gas pressure in the heating volume (40) is higher than the gas pressure in the compression volume (51),
wherein during a breaking operation a movable unit (27) executes a stroke along an axis (A) with respect to the stationary part (54) of the piston-cylinder arrangement (50) in the course of which a mechanically pressurized insulating gas is generated in the compression volume (51), a first (21) and a second arcing (31) contact disconnect at a first value of the stroke and the second arcing contact (31) travels a second flow duct (26) extended from the arcing zone through an insulating nozzle (23, 24) to an exhaust volume, characterised in
that the circuit breaker further comprises a control device (70) for keeping the first flow duct (62) in the beginning of the breaking operation closed and for opening the first flow duct (62) when the stroke achieves a second value at a time in which the second arcing contact (31) starts to release the second flow duct (26). - The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterised in that the control device (70) comprises a spring system (80) which is arranged in the compression volume (51) and which comprises at least two springs (81, 82) connected in series,
that the movable part (53) of the piston-cylinder (50) arrangement supports a first end of at least a first (81) of the at least two springs,
that a stationary part (54) of the piston-cylinder (50) arrangement supports a first end of a second (82) of the at least two springs (81, 82), and
that the control device (70) further comprises an actuating member (85) which is mechanically coupled with the movable valve member (61) of the intermediate valve (60) and which supports a second end of the first (81) and a second end of the second spring (82). - The circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterised in that the actuating member (85) comprises at least one first pin (86) which is guided through the first flow duct (62), wherein a first end of the first pin (86) is firmly connected with the movable valve member (61) and a second end of the first pin (86) comprises a head (87) which supports the second end of the first spring (81).
- The circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterised in that the actuating member (85) further comprises a ring body (88) resting with a first annular surface on the head (87) and with an opposing second annular surface on the second end of the second spring (82).
- The circuit breaker according to claim 4, in which the movable valve member (61) is designed as a plane annular disk, characterised in that first ends of the first (86) and of at least a second pin (86) are fixedly secured to the plane annular disk.
- The circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that in the closed position of the circuit breaker the at least first spring (81) is preloaded.
- The circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterised in that the spring system (80) is adjusted such that a pre-load of the second spring (82) compensates the pre-load of the at least first spring (81) at the second value of the stroke.
- The circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterised in that at least one of the first (81) and the second spring (82) is designed as a coil spring.
- The circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterised in that the second spring (82) and the actuating member (85) are coaxially arranged on the movable unit (27).
- The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterised in that the control device (70) comprises a pilot valve (90) being arranged on an outlet of the compression volume (51) into the first flow duct (62) and a cam control (100) for controlling a movable valve member (91) of the pilot valve (90) in function of the stroke of the movable unit (27).
- The circuit breaker according to claim 10, characterised in that the cam control (100) comprises a stationary pin (101) and a tubular cam carrier (102),
that the cam carrier (102) is pivotably born on the movable unit (27) and comprises a connection section (103) and a tubular section (104) which holds a first guideway (105), and
that the first guideway (105) receives the stationary pin (101) and the connection section (103) a connection part of the pilot valve (90). - The circuit breaker according to claim 11, characterized in that the first guideway (105) comprises two axially extended sections (105a, 105b) being displaced from each other in axial and in circumferential direction and a third section (105c) connecting the two axially extended sections (1 05a, 105b).
- The circuit breaker according to claim 12, characterized in that the connection section comprises an radially extended flange (106) which is pivotably born and hold on the outlet of the compression volume (51) and which comprises at least a hole (107) being at least partly aligned with the first flow duct (62) when during the breaking operation the stationary pin (101) has finished travelling in the third section (1 05c) of the first guideway (105).
- The circuit breaker according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the connection section comprises a second guideway (108) which extends with an offset in circumferential and in axial direction and which receives a guidance pin (92) integrated into the movable pilot valve member (91).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13172583.0A EP2816581A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13172583.0A EP2816581A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2816581A1 true EP2816581A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
Family
ID=48626367
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13172583.0A Withdrawn EP2816581A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2816581A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2944205A1 (en) | 1979-11-02 | 1981-05-14 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | AUTOPNEUMATIC PRESSURE GAS SWITCH |
EP0175954A2 (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-04-02 | BBC Brown Boveri AG | Compressed gas circuit breaker |
US5898149A (en) | 1995-09-30 | 1999-04-27 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Power circuit-breaker |
-
2013
- 2013-06-19 EP EP13172583.0A patent/EP2816581A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2944205A1 (en) | 1979-11-02 | 1981-05-14 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | AUTOPNEUMATIC PRESSURE GAS SWITCH |
EP0175954A2 (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-04-02 | BBC Brown Boveri AG | Compressed gas circuit breaker |
US5898149A (en) | 1995-09-30 | 1999-04-27 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Power circuit-breaker |
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