EP2815411B1 - Transformer with on-load tap-changing device - Google Patents

Transformer with on-load tap-changing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2815411B1
EP2815411B1 EP13700690.4A EP13700690A EP2815411B1 EP 2815411 B1 EP2815411 B1 EP 2815411B1 EP 13700690 A EP13700690 A EP 13700690A EP 2815411 B1 EP2815411 B1 EP 2815411B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
tap
semiconductor switching
branch
changing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
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EP13700690.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2815411A1 (en
Inventor
Jochen Von Bloh
Volker Karrer
Dieter Dohnal
Karsten Viereck
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0011—Voltage selector switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transformer with tap changer for uninterrupted switching between parts of a control winding of the transformer.
  • Stepping devices for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer have been known in the art for many years.
  • the corresponding step transformers which are to be controlled, have a stepped control winding on the primary side or on the secondary side.
  • the winding on the regulating side of the transformer as a whole consists of a fixed part, the main winding, and the actual control winding, which has a plurality of winding taps. This is explained in detail in the publication " Axel Krämer: On-Load Tap Changers for Power Transformers ", published in 2000 ,
  • tap-changer is off GB 2424766 known. This patent discloses that the tap changer comprises capacitors, coils and resistors forming a resonant circuit.
  • the step transformer to be controlled has a main winding on its side to be controlled and a stepped control winding in series therewith.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a transformer with a tap changer, in which the electrical load of the semiconductor switching elements used in the tap changer is minimized.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of dividing the common prior art winding on the side of the transformer to be controlled into two equal winding parts and providing the control winding between these winding parts and, in turn, the corresponding step switching device.
  • the semiconductor switching elements can no longer be loaded with the full amplitude of the lightning voltage wave, since the respective impedance is connected upstream of half the main winding. Since the quasi-upstream part of the main winding also absorbs part of the energy of the lightning voltage wave, the protective circuit of the switching elements can also be made smaller, resulting in cost and space savings. Furthermore, it is also possible to use semiconductor switching elements with a smaller blocking / blocking voltage, since these are to be dimensioned primarily after the lightning voltage load and not according to the standing AC voltage.
  • the upstream part of the split main winding acts according to the invention as a choke for fast transients on the power line, the semiconductor switching elements are not burdened in this case with the full amplitude and edge steepness, since the individual winding parts act as an upstream throttle damping.
  • the winding design for the split main winding is designed symmetrically; As a result, the force effect is minimized in the event of a short circuit.
  • the production of the two parts of the invention shared parent winding can be advantageously divided into individual layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a first embodiment of the invention, a transformer whose primary and secondary sides are separated by a schematically indicated dashed line.
  • a split main winding is provided which consists of two identical main winding parts 1, 2.
  • a step switching device 3 is arranged, which is symbolized by a dashed line.
  • the tap changer 3 has here, as the simplest case, a control winding 4, which is surrounded by switching elements S in the form of a bridge.
  • switching elements S for example, antiparallel thyristor pairs, IGBTs o.ä. Semiconductor switching elements, can be used.
  • control winding 4 is switched on or off. Shown here is still a switch 5, a so-called black start switch, which ensures that the transformer can continue to operate even in case of failure of the controller or the failure of semiconductor switching elements.
  • a switch 5 Shown here is still a switch 5, a so-called black start switch, which ensures that the transformer can continue to operate even in case of failure of the controller or the failure of semiconductor switching elements.
  • On the right side of the secondary winding 6 is indicated. Denoted at 7 and 8 are the beginning and the end of the entire winding structure on the primary side.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further developed embodiment of the invention.
  • the tap changer device 3 consists of split control windings W1, W2, W3.
  • the tap changer 3 here consists of three individual modules M1, M2, M3.
  • the first module M1 comprises the first control winding or partial winding W1 and on both sides thereof two bridging paths, each of which comprises a series connection of two semiconductor switching elements S1.1 and S1.2 or S1.3 and S1.4. In each case between the two series-connected switching elements a center tap M1.1 or M1.2 is provided.
  • the individual semiconductor switching elements are shown here as well as in the following figures only schematically as a simple switch. They include in practice parallel thyristor pairs, IGBTs or other semiconductor switching elements.
  • the one center tap M1.2 is electrically connected to the main winding part 2.
  • the other center tap M1.1 is connected to a center tap M2.1 of a second module M2.
  • This second module M2 is constructed identically; it likewise comprises a partial winding W2 as well as the two series circuits each consisting of two semiconductor switching elements S2.1 and S2.2 or S2.3 and S2.4.
  • center tap M2.1 and M2.2 are provided between the respective series circuits again.
  • the wiring of a center tap M2.1 with the first module M1 has already been explained; the second Center tap M2.2 in turn is connected to a center tap M3.2 of a third module M3.
  • This third module M3 is again constructed identically.
  • the third module M3 includes a partial winding W3 and the two series circuits of semiconductor switching elements S3.1 and S3.2 or S3.3 and S3.4 and the intermediate center taps M3.1 and M3.2.
  • the not yet mentioned center tap M3.1 of the third and here last module M3 is electrically connected to the main winding part 1.
  • the described here three modules M1 ... M3 differ only by the dimensions of the respective partial windings W1 ... W3.
  • the partial winding W2 in the second module M2 here has the triple number of turns of the partial winding W1 in the first module M1.
  • the partial winding W3 in the third module M3 here has six times the number of turns of the partial winding W1 in the first module M1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a wiring table of in FIG. 2 illustrated stepped switching device according to the invention.
  • the symbol “0” means that the corresponding partial winding is not switched on, ie bridged.
  • the symbol “+” means that the corresponding partial winding is connected to the main winding part or to the high-voltage winding 2 in the same sense.
  • the symbol “-” finally means that the corresponding part winding is connected in opposite directions to the high-voltage winding 2.
  • the ten voltage levels are shown, which arise when you add to the step voltage of the high-voltage winding 2 more partial voltages. These partial voltages result from the different connection, counter circuit or bridging of the individual winding parts W1 ... W3.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the tap changer 3 shown here is arranged. It has two series-connected switch assemblies A and B.
  • the first switch assembly A in turn has a parallel connection of two branches 9 and 10.
  • two semiconductor switching units S1, S2 are provided in series.
  • two further semiconductor switching units S3, S4 are provided in series with one another.
  • a first part winding W1 of the control winding is arranged between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S1, S2 in the first branch 9 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S3, S4 in the second branch 10.
  • the second switch assembly B has a parallel circuit of three branches 11, 12 and 13.
  • In the third branch 11 are connected in series to each other two semiconductor switching units S5, S6, in the fourth branch 12 are connected in series to each other two semiconductor switching units S7, S8 and fifth Branch 13 in series with each other two semiconductor switching units S9, S10 provided.
  • Between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S5, S6 in the third branch 11 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S7, S8 in the fourth branch 12 is a second partial winding W2 of the control winding and between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S7 , S8 in the fourth branch 12 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S9, S10 in the fifth branch 13, a third partial winding W3 is arranged.
  • the second switch assembly B is electrically connected to the parent winding part 2.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Transformator mit Stufenschalteinrichtung zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen Teilen einer Regelwicklung des Transformators.The invention relates to a transformer with tap changer for uninterrupted switching between parts of a control winding of the transformer.

Stufenschalteinrichtungen zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators sind seit vielen Jahren bekannter Stand der Technik. Die entsprechenden Stufentransformatoren, an denen geregelt werden soll, weisen primär- oder auch sekundärseitig eine gestufte Regelwicklung auf. Die Wicklung auf der zur regelnden Seite des Transformators besteht insgesamt aus einem festen Teil, der Stammwicklung, und der eigentlichen Regelwicklung, die mehrere Wicklungsanzapfungen besitzt. Dies ist beispielweise ausführlich erläutert in der Publikation " Axel Krämer: On-Load Tap-Changers for Power Transformers", veröffentlicht 2000 .Stepping devices for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer have been known in the art for many years. The corresponding step transformers, which are to be controlled, have a stepped control winding on the primary side or on the secondary side. The winding on the regulating side of the transformer as a whole consists of a fixed part, the main winding, and the actual control winding, which has a plurality of winding taps. This is explained in detail in the publication " Axel Krämer: On-Load Tap Changers for Power Transformers ", published in 2000 ,

Ein weiteres Beispiel eines Transformators mit Stufenschaltung ist aus GB 2424766 bekannt. Diese Patentschrift offenbart, dass die Stufenschalteinrichtung Kondensatoren, Spulen und Widerstände umfasst, die einen Resonanzkreis bilden.Another example of a tap-changer is off GB 2424766 known. This patent discloses that the tap changer comprises capacitors, coils and resistors forming a resonant circuit.

Es ist also etablierter Stand der Technik, dass der zu regelnde Stufentransformator auf seiner zu regelnden Seite eine Stammwicklung und in Reihe dazu eine gestufte Regelwicklung aufweist.It is thus well-established state of the art that the step transformer to be controlled has a main winding on its side to be controlled and a stepped control winding in series therewith.

Nach dem frühere Stufeneinrichtungen mechanische Schaltelemente zur Umschaltung zwischen den einzelne Wicklungsanzapfungen der Regelwicklung aufwiesen, haben sich seit einer Reihe von Jahren Vakuumschaltelemente etabliert. In jüngster Zeit schließlich sind auch Halbleiter-Schaltelemente zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen derartigen Wicklungsanzapfungen vorgeschlagen worden. Solche Halbleiter-Schaltelemente besitzen zahlreiche Vorteile; ein Umschalten ist ohne mechanische Bauteile möglich, sie sind jedoch relativ empfindlich gegenüber Überspannungen. Beim Stand der Technik sind solche Halbleiter-Schaltelemente stets einer hohen Belastung bei einer Blitzspannungsbeanspruchung bei der Prüfung des Transformators sowie bei Transienten im Netz (z.B. beim Schalten von SF6-/Vakuumleistungsschaltern) ausgesetzt.After the earlier stage devices had mechanical switching elements for switching between the individual winding taps of the control winding, vacuum switching elements have been established for a number of years. Recently, semiconductor switching elements have also been proposed for uninterrupted switching between such winding taps. Such semiconductor switching elements have numerous advantages; Switching is possible without mechanical components, but they are relatively sensitive to overvoltages. In the prior art, such semiconductor switching elements are always exposed to a high load at a lightning voltage stress during testing of the transformer and transients in the network (eg when switching SF 6 - / vacuum circuit breakers).

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Transformator mit einer Stufenschalteinrichtung anzugeben, bei dem die elektrische Belastung der in der Stufenschalteinrichtung verwendeten Halbleiter-Schaltelemente minimiert wird.The object of the invention is to provide a transformer with a tap changer, in which the electrical load of the semiconductor switching elements used in the tap changer is minimized.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by the invention according to claim 1. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.

Die Erfindung liegt die allgemeine Idee zugrunde, die nach dem Stand der Technik einheitliche Stammwicklung auf der zu regelnden Seite des Transformators in zwei gleiche Wicklungsteile aufzuteilen und zwischen diesen Wicklungsteilen die Regelwicklung und an dieser wiederum die entsprechende Stufenschalteinrichtung vorzusehen.The invention is based on the general idea of dividing the common prior art winding on the side of the transformer to be controlled into two equal winding parts and providing the control winding between these winding parts and, in turn, the corresponding step switching device.

Diese Erfindung bietet gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zahlreiche Vorteile. Zunächst einmal können die Halbleiter-Schaltelemente nicht mehr mit der vollen Amplitude der Blitzspannungswelle belastet werden, da die jeweilige Impedanz der halben Stammwicklung vorgeschaltet ist. Da der quasi vorgeschaltete Teil der Stammwicklung auch einen Teil der Energie der Blitzspannungswelle aufnimmt, kann die Schutzbeschaltung der Schaltelemente auch kleiner dimensioniert werden, was zu Kosten- und Platzeinsparung führt. Weiterhin können auch Halbleiter-Schaltelemente mit kleinerer Blockier-/Sperrspannung eingesetzt werden, da diese in erster Linie nach der Blitzspannungsbelastung zu dimensionieren sind und nicht nach der Stehwechselspannung.This invention offers many advantages over the prior art. First of all, the semiconductor switching elements can no longer be loaded with the full amplitude of the lightning voltage wave, since the respective impedance is connected upstream of half the main winding. Since the quasi-upstream part of the main winding also absorbs part of the energy of the lightning voltage wave, the protective circuit of the switching elements can also be made smaller, resulting in cost and space savings. Furthermore, it is also possible to use semiconductor switching elements with a smaller blocking / blocking voltage, since these are to be dimensioned primarily after the lightning voltage load and not according to the standing AC voltage.

Da der vorgeschaltete Teil der geteilten Stammwicklung erfindungsgemäß wie eine Drossel für schnelle Transienten auf der Netzleitung wirkt, werden die Halbleiter-Schaltelemente auch in diesem Fall nicht mit der vollen Amplitude und Flankensteilheit belastet, da die einzelnen Wicklungsteile wie eine vorgeschaltete Drossel dämpfend wirken.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist das Wicklungsdesign für die geteilte Stammwicklung symmetrisch ausgelegt; dadurch wird die Kraftwirkung im Kurzschlussfall minimiert.
Die Fertigung der beiden Teile der erfindungsgemäß geteilten Stammwicklung kann vorteilhaft auf einzelne Lagen aufgeteilt werden.Since the upstream part of the split main winding acts according to the invention as a choke for fast transients on the power line, the semiconductor switching elements are not burdened in this case with the full amplitude and edge steepness, since the individual winding parts act as an upstream throttle damping.
Particularly advantageously, the winding design for the split main winding is designed symmetrically; As a result, the force effect is minimized in the event of a short circuit.
The production of the two parts of the invention shared parent winding can be advantageously divided into individual layers.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an Hand von Zeichnungen noch näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäße Transformators mit Stufenschalteinrichtung
Fig.2
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung
Fig.3
einen Tabelle der bei der Ausführung gem. Figur 2 erzielbaren Spannungsstufen
Fig. 4
eine dritte Ausführungsform der Erfindung
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a transformer according to the invention with tap changer
Fig.2
a further embodiment of the invention
Figure 3
a table according to the execution. FIG. 2 achievable voltage levels
Fig. 4
a third embodiment of the invention

Figur 1 zeigt in einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung einen Transformator, dessen Primär- und Sekundärseite durch eine schematisch angedeutete Strichpunktlinie voneinander getrennt sind. Auf der linken Seite der Darstellung ist die Primärseite gezeigt, an der geregelt werden soll. Erfindungsgemäß ist eine geteilte Stammwicklung vorgesehen, die aus zwei identischen Stammwicklungsteilen 1, 2 besteht. Dazwischen ist eine Stufenschalteinrichtung 3 angeordnet, die durch eine Strichlinie symbolisiert ist. Die Stufenschalteinrichtung 3 weist hier, als den einfachsten Fall, eine Regelwicklung 4 auf, die von Schaltelementen S in Form einer Brücke umgeben ist. Als Schaltelemente S sind beispielsweise antiparallele Thyristorpaare, IGBTs o.ä. Halbleiter-Schaltelemente, einsetzbar. Bei diesem einfachsten Fall der Erfindung ist die Regelwicklung 4 zu- oder abschaltbar. Gezeigt ist hier noch ein Schalter 5, ein sogenannter Black-Start-Schalter, der sicherstellt, dass der Transformator auch bei Ausfall des Reglers bzw. des Ausfalls von Halbleiter-Schaltelementen weiter betrieben werden kann.
Auf der rechten Seite ist die Sekundärwicklung 6 angedeutet. Mit 7 und 8 sind Anfang und Ende des gesamten Wicklungsaufbaus auf der Primärseite bezeichnet. FIG. 1 shows in a first embodiment of the invention, a transformer whose primary and secondary sides are separated by a schematically indicated dashed line. On the left side of the illustration, the primary page to be controlled is shown. According to the invention, a split main winding is provided which consists of two identical main winding parts 1, 2. In between a step switching device 3 is arranged, which is symbolized by a dashed line. The tap changer 3 has here, as the simplest case, a control winding 4, which is surrounded by switching elements S in the form of a bridge. As switching elements S, for example, antiparallel thyristor pairs, IGBTs o.ä. Semiconductor switching elements, can be used. In this simplest case of the invention, the control winding 4 is switched on or off. Shown here is still a switch 5, a so-called black start switch, which ensures that the transformer can continue to operate even in case of failure of the controller or the failure of semiconductor switching elements.
On the right side of the secondary winding 6 is indicated. Denoted at 7 and 8 are the beginning and the end of the entire winding structure on the primary side.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine weiterentwickelte Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Hierbei besteht die Stufenschaltereinrichtung 3 aus aufgeteilten Regelwicklungen W1, W2, W3.
Die Stufenschalteinrichtung 3 besteht hier aus drei einzelnen Modulen M1, M2, M3.
Das erste Modul M1 umfasst die erste Regelwicklung bzw. Teilwicklung W1 sowie beidseitig davon zwei Überbrückungspfade, die jeweils eine Reihenschaltung aus zwei Halbleiter-Schaltelementen S1.1 und S1.2 bzw. S1.3 bzw. S1.4 umfassen. Jeweils zwischen den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Schaltelementen ist eine Mittenanzapfung M1.1 bzw. M1.2 vorgesehen.
Die einzelnen Halbleiter-Schaltelemente sind hier wie auch in den nachfolgenden Figuren nur schematisch als einfache Schalter dargestellt. Sie umfassen in der Praxis parallel geschaltete Thyristorpaare, IGBT's oder andere Halbleiter-Schaltelemente. Sie können auch jeweils eine Reihen- oder Parallelschaltung mehrerer solcher einzelner Halbleiter-Schalterelemente umfassen.
Die eine Mittenanzapfung M1.2 ist mit dem Stammwicklungsteil 2 elektrisch verbunden. Die andere Mittenanzapfung M1.1 steht mit einer Mittenanzapfung M2.1 eines zweiten Moduls M2 in Verbindung. Dieses zweite Modul M2 ist identisch aufgebaut; es umfasst ebenfalls eine Teilwicklung W2 sowie die beiden Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils zwei Halbleiter-Schaltelementen S2.1 und S2.2 bzw. S2.3 und S2.4. Ebenfalls sind zwischen den jeweiligen Reihenschaltungen wieder Mittenanzapfung M2.1 und M2.2 vorgesehen. Die Beschaltung der einen Mittenanzapfung M2.1 mit dem ersten Modul M1 wurde bereits erläutert; die zweite Mittenanzapfung M2.2 ihrerseits ist mit einer Mittenanzapfung M3.2 eines dritten Moduls M3 verbunden.
Dieses dritte Modul M3 ist wiederum identisch aufgebaut. Es umfasst wiederum eine Teilwicklung W3 sowie die beiden Reihenschaltungen aus Halbleiter-Schaltelementen S3.1 und S3.2 bzw. S3.3 und S3.4 sowie die dazwischen liegenden Mittenanzapfungen M3.1 und M3.2. Die bisher noch nicht erwähnte Mittenanzapfung M3.1 des dritten und hier letzten Moduls M3 ist mit dem Stammwicklungsteil 1 elektrisch verbunden.
Die beschriebenen hier drei Module M1...M3 unterscheiden sich nur durch die Bemessungen der jeweiligen Teilwicklungen W1...W3.
Die Teilwicklung W2 im zweiten Modul M2 weist hier die dreifache Windungszahl der Teilwicklung W1 im ersten Modul M1 auf. Die Teilwicklung W3 im dritten Modul M3 weist hier die sechsfache Windungszahl der Teilwicklung W1 im ersten Modul M1 auf. Fig. 2 shows a further developed embodiment of the invention. Here, the tap changer device 3 consists of split control windings W1, W2, W3.
The tap changer 3 here consists of three individual modules M1, M2, M3.
The first module M1 comprises the first control winding or partial winding W1 and on both sides thereof two bridging paths, each of which comprises a series connection of two semiconductor switching elements S1.1 and S1.2 or S1.3 and S1.4. In each case between the two series-connected switching elements a center tap M1.1 or M1.2 is provided.
The individual semiconductor switching elements are shown here as well as in the following figures only schematically as a simple switch. They include in practice parallel thyristor pairs, IGBTs or other semiconductor switching elements. They may also each comprise a series or parallel connection of a plurality of such individual semiconductor switch elements.
The one center tap M1.2 is electrically connected to the main winding part 2. The other center tap M1.1 is connected to a center tap M2.1 of a second module M2. This second module M2 is constructed identically; it likewise comprises a partial winding W2 as well as the two series circuits each consisting of two semiconductor switching elements S2.1 and S2.2 or S2.3 and S2.4. Also center tap M2.1 and M2.2 are provided between the respective series circuits again. The wiring of a center tap M2.1 with the first module M1 has already been explained; the second Center tap M2.2 in turn is connected to a center tap M3.2 of a third module M3.
This third module M3 is again constructed identically. In turn, it includes a partial winding W3 and the two series circuits of semiconductor switching elements S3.1 and S3.2 or S3.3 and S3.4 and the intermediate center taps M3.1 and M3.2. The not yet mentioned center tap M3.1 of the third and here last module M3 is electrically connected to the main winding part 1.
The described here three modules M1 ... M3 differ only by the dimensions of the respective partial windings W1 ... W3.
The partial winding W2 in the second module M2 here has the triple number of turns of the partial winding W1 in the first module M1. The partial winding W3 in the third module M3 here has six times the number of turns of the partial winding W1 in the first module M1.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Beschaltungstabelle der in Figur 2 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalteinrichtung. Das Symbol "0" bedeutet, dass die entsprechende Teilwicklung nicht eingeschaltet, d. h. überbrückt ist. Das Symbol "+" bedeutet, dass die entsprechende Teilwicklung zum Stammwicklungsteil bzw. zur Oberspannungswicklung 2 im gleichen Sinn dazu geschaltet ist. Das Symbol "-" schließlich bedeutet, dass die entsprechende Teilwicklung gegensinnig zur Oberspannungswicklung 2 geschaltet ist.
In der Beschaltungstabelle sind die zehn Spannungsstufen dargestellt, die sich ergeben, wenn man zur Stufenspannung der Oberspannungswicklung 2 weitere Teilspannungen hinzufügt. Diese Teilspannungen ergeben sich durch die unterschiedliche Zuschaltung, Gegenschaltung oder Überbrückung der einzelnen Wicklungsteile W1...W3. Es ist zu sehen, dass sich bestimmte Spannungsstufen redundant, d. h. durch unterschiedliche Schaltzustände, erzeugen lassen.
Ebenso, in der Tabelle aber nicht dargestellt, ist es möglich, in der anderen Richtung entsprechende gestufte Teilspannungen von der Spannung in der Oberspannungswicklung 2 abzuziehen. Insgesamt ergeben sich bei dieser Ausführungsform mithin einundzwanzig mögliche Spannungsstufen. In der Mittelstellung, hier mit N bezeichnet, ist die Stufenschalteinrichtung nicht eingeschaltet. Stammwicklungsteil 1 und 2 sind dann direkt miteinander verbunden.
Das erläuterte Zu- bzw. Gegenschalten oder die Überbrückung der einzelnen Wicklungsteile W1...W3 erfolgt durch eine entsprechende Beschaltung der Halbleiter-Schaltelemente S1.1...S3.4. FIG. 3 shows a wiring table of in FIG. 2 illustrated stepped switching device according to the invention. The symbol "0" means that the corresponding partial winding is not switched on, ie bridged. The symbol "+" means that the corresponding partial winding is connected to the main winding part or to the high-voltage winding 2 in the same sense. The symbol "-" finally means that the corresponding part winding is connected in opposite directions to the high-voltage winding 2.
In the wiring table, the ten voltage levels are shown, which arise when you add to the step voltage of the high-voltage winding 2 more partial voltages. These partial voltages result from the different connection, counter circuit or bridging of the individual winding parts W1 ... W3. It can be seen that certain voltage levels can be generated redundantly, ie by different switching states.
Likewise, but not shown in the table, it is possible to subtract corresponding stepped partial voltages from the voltage in the high-voltage winding 2 in the other direction. Overall, in this embodiment, there are therefore twenty-one possible voltage levels. In the center position, here designated N, the tap changer is not turned on. Stock winding part 1 and 2 are then directly connected.
The explained to- or counter-switching or the bridging of the individual winding parts W1... W3 is effected by a corresponding connection of the semiconductor switching elements S1.1... S3.4.

Figur 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung. FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention.

Zwischen dem Stammwicklungsteil1 und dem Stammwicklungsteil 2 ist die hier gezeigte Stufenschalteinrichtung 3 angeordnet. Sie besitzt zwei in Reihe geschaltete Schaltbaugruppen A und B. Die erste Schaltbaugruppe A ihrerseits besitzt eine Parallelschaltung von zwei Zweigen 9 und 10. Im ersten Zweig 9 sind in Reihenschaltung zueinander zwei Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S1, S2 vorgesehen. Im parallelen zweiten Zweig 10 sind in Reihenschaltung zueinander zwei weitere Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S3, S4 vorgesehen. Zwischen den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S1, S2 im ersten Zweig 9 und den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S3, S4 im zweiten Zweig 10 ist eine erste Teilwicklung W1 der Regelwicklung angeordnet.Between the Stammwicklungsteil1 and the trunk winding part 2, the tap changer 3 shown here is arranged. It has two series-connected switch assemblies A and B. The first switch assembly A in turn has a parallel connection of two branches 9 and 10. In the first branch 9, two semiconductor switching units S1, S2 are provided in series. In the parallel second branch 10 two further semiconductor switching units S3, S4 are provided in series with one another. Between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S1, S2 in the first branch 9 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S3, S4 in the second branch 10, a first part winding W1 of the control winding is arranged.

Die zweite Schaltbaugruppe B besitzt eine Parallelschaltung von drei Zweigen 11, 12 und 13. Im dritten Zweig 11 sind in Reihenschaltung zueinander zwei Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S5, S6, im vierten Zweig 12 sind in Reihenschaltung zueinander zwei Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S7,S8 und im fünften Zweig 13 in Reihenschaltung zueinander zwei Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S9, S10 vorgesehen. Zwischen den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S5, S6 im dritten Zweig 11 und den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S7, S8 im vierten Zweig 12 ist eine zweite Teilwicklung W2 der Regelwicklung und zwischen den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S7,S8 im vierten Zweig 12 und den beiden in Reihe geschalteten Halbleiter-Schalteinheiten S9,S10 im fünften Zweig 13 ist eine dritte Teilwicklung W3 angeordnet. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist die zweite Schaltbaugruppe B mit dem Stammwicklungsteil 2 elektrisch verbunden.The second switch assembly B has a parallel circuit of three branches 11, 12 and 13. In the third branch 11 are connected in series to each other two semiconductor switching units S5, S6, in the fourth branch 12 are connected in series to each other two semiconductor switching units S7, S8 and fifth Branch 13 in series with each other two semiconductor switching units S9, S10 provided. Between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S5, S6 in the third branch 11 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S7, S8 in the fourth branch 12 is a second partial winding W2 of the control winding and between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S7 , S8 in the fourth branch 12 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S9, S10 in the fifth branch 13, a third partial winding W3 is arranged. In this embodiment, the second switch assembly B is electrically connected to the parent winding part 2.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind unterschiedlichste Ausführungen der Stufenschalteinrichtung 3 mit der unterschiedlichsten Zahl von aufgeteilten Regelwicklungen und verschiedensten Beschaltungen mittels Halbleiter-Schaltelementen möglich. Wichtig ist bei allen diesen Ausführungsformen allein, dass die entsprechende Schalteinrichtung 3 zwischen den beiden Stammwicklungsteilen 1, 2 der erfindungsgemäß geteilten Stammwicklung auf der Seite des Transformators, an der geregelt werden soll, vorgesehen ist.In the context of the invention, various designs of the tap changer 3 with a wide variety of divided control windings and various circuits by means of semiconductor switching elements are possible. It is important in all these embodiments alone that the corresponding switching device 3 between the two main winding parts 1, 2 of the present invention shared parent winding on the side of the transformer is to be controlled at the provided.

Claims (4)

  1. A transformer with a tap-changing device
    - wherein the transformer comprises a primary and a secondary side,
    - wherein optionally the primary or the secondary side can be regulated by means of the tap-changing device,
    - and wherein one main winding and at least one regulating winding, which is connectable by the tap-changing device, are provided,
    - characterized in that
    - the main winding is divided into two main winding parts (1, 2)
    - and in that the at least one regulating winding (4; W1, W2, W3) and the tap-changing device (3) connecting said regulating winding are arranged electrically between the two main winding parts (1, 2).
  2. The transformer with a tap-changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that
    - the tap-changing device (3) comprises two or more modules (M1, M2, M3, M4)
    - wherein each module (M1, M2, M3, M4) comprises respectively one partial winding (W1, W2, W3, W4) of the regulating winding (4) and on both sides thereof two bypass paths,
    - wherein each bypass path comprises one series connection of two semiconductor switching components (S1.1, S1.2; S1.3, S1.4; S2.1, S2.2; S2.3, S2.4; S3.1, S3.2; S3.3, S3.4; S4.1, S4.2; S4.3, S4.4), respectively,
    - wherein one center tap (M1.1, M1.2; M2.1, M2.2; M3.1, M3.2; M4.1, M4.2) is provided between each two serially connected switching components (S1.1, S1.2; S1.3, S1.4; S2.1, S2.2; S2.3, S2.4; S3.1, S3.2; S3.3, S3.4; S4.1, S4.2; S4.3, S4.4) of each bypass path,
    - wherein the partial windings (W1, W2, W3, W4) possess different numbers of turns,
    - wherein one of the two center taps (M1.1; M2.1, M2.2; M3.1, M3.2; M4.2) of each module (M1, M2, M3, M4) is connected to a center tap of the adjacent modules,
    - and wherein the one remaining center tap (M1.2) of the first module (M1) is electrically connected to the one main winding part (2), and the one remaining center tap (M3.1; M4.1) of the last module (M3; M4) is electrically connected to the other main winding part (1).
  3. The transformer with a tap-changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that
    - the tap-changing device (3) comprises two serially connected switching assembly groups (A, B)
    - wherein the first switching assembly group (A) in turn possesses one parallel connection formed by two branches (9, 10),
    - wherein two semiconductor switching units (S1, S2) are provided connected in series to each other in the first branch (9) and two further semiconductor switching units (S3, S4) are provided connected in series to each other in the parallel second branch (10),
    - wherein a first partial winding (W1) of the regulating winding is arranged between the two serially connected semiconductor switching units (S1, S2) in the first branch (9) and the two serially connected semiconductor switching units (S3, S4) in the second branch (10),
    - wherein the second switching assembly group (B) possesses a parallel connection formed by three branches (11, 12, 13),
    - wherein two semiconductor switching units (S5, S6) are provided connected in series to each other in the third branch (11), two semiconductor switching units (S7, S8) are provided connected in series to each other in the fourth branch (12), and two semiconductor switching units (S9, S10) are provided connected in series to each other in the fifth branch (13),
    - wherein a second partial winding (W2) of the regulating winding is arranged between the two serially connected semiconductor switching units (S5, S6) in the third branch (11) and the two serially connected semiconductor switching units (S7, S8) in the fourth branch (12), and a third partial winding (W3) is arranged between the two serially connected semiconductor switching units (S7, S8) in the fourth branch (12) and the two serially connected semiconductor switching units (S9, S10) in the fifth branch (13),
    - and wherein each one of the two switching assembly groups (A or B) is electrically connected to one of the two main winding parts (1 or 2), respectively.
  4. The transformer with a tap-changing device according to claim 1, 2, or 3 characterized in that
    - a mechanical contact (5), which can bypass the tap-changing device (3), is additionally provided in such a manner that a direct electrical connection can be established, as required, between the two main winding parts (1, 2).
EP13700690.4A 2012-02-13 2013-01-15 Transformer with on-load tap-changing device Revoked EP2815411B1 (en)

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DE102012202105.1A DE102012202105B4 (en) 2012-02-13 2012-02-13 Transformer with tap changer
PCT/EP2013/050611 WO2013120642A1 (en) 2012-02-13 2013-01-15 Transformer with on-load tap-changing device

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CH709397A1 (en) * 2014-03-24 2015-09-30 Siegfried A Eisenmann Motor vehicle with an electric drive.
CN106298295A (en) * 2015-05-25 2017-01-04 北京华天机电研究所有限公司 On-load shunting switch with bridge connection
RU2613679C2 (en) * 2015-08-19 2017-03-21 Борис Алексеевич Аржанников Device for regulating voltage and method for its control
EP3285349B1 (en) * 2016-08-16 2019-03-13 ABB Schweiz AG Protecting a transformer comprising a tap changer
EP3839993A1 (en) * 2019-12-17 2021-06-23 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Power electronics on-load tap changer with a reduced number of taps

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RU2014137003A (en) 2016-04-10
KR102014225B1 (en) 2019-10-21
KR20140122278A (en) 2014-10-17
CA2861465A1 (en) 2013-08-22
AU2013220673B2 (en) 2017-01-05
UA114419C2 (en) 2017-06-12
DE102012202105B4 (en) 2014-08-07
DE102012202105A1 (en) 2013-08-14
CN104094369A (en) 2014-10-08
US20140375407A1 (en) 2014-12-25
JP6250560B2 (en) 2017-12-20
AU2013220673A1 (en) 2014-09-25
RU2632194C2 (en) 2017-10-03
HK1201634A1 (en) 2015-09-04
CA2861465C (en) 2019-09-17
CN104094369B (en) 2016-10-26
BR112014019987A2 (en) 2017-07-04
ES2637656T3 (en) 2017-10-16
EP2815411A1 (en) 2014-12-24
WO2013120642A1 (en) 2013-08-22
US9123464B2 (en) 2015-09-01

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