EP2811132A1 - Apparatus for an exhaust system - Google Patents
Apparatus for an exhaust system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2811132A1 EP2811132A1 EP14169794.6A EP14169794A EP2811132A1 EP 2811132 A1 EP2811132 A1 EP 2811132A1 EP 14169794 A EP14169794 A EP 14169794A EP 2811132 A1 EP2811132 A1 EP 2811132A1
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- tailpipe
- cover
- spacer
- precipitation
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- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/085—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits having means preventing foreign matter from entering exhaust conduit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/26—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for preventing enter of dirt into the device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for heavy duty applications, e.g. trucks, buses, tractors, locomotives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for an exhaust system.
- Tier 3 emissions regulations required an approximate 65 percent reduction in particulate matter (PM) and a 60 percent reduction in NO x from 1996 levels.
- Interim Tier 4 regulations required a 90 percent reduction in PM along with a 50 percent drop in NO x .
- Final Tier 4 regulations which will be fully implemented by 2015, will take PM and NO x emissions to near-zero levels.
- the aftertreatment system is configured to remove various chemical compounds and particulate emissions, such as PM and NO x .
- the aftertreatment system may comprise a NO x sensor, which is configured to produce a NO x signal indicative of a NO x content of exhaust gas flowing thereby.
- An ECU may use the NO x signal to control, for example, a combustion temperature of the engine and/or to control the amount of a reductant injected into the exhaust gas, so as to minimize the level of NO x entering the atmosphere.
- NO x sensors a problem associated with NO x sensors is that, if they come into contact with precipitation - such as rain, melted snow, or melted ice - they may be prone to sending inaccurate NO x signals, and they may even be prone to complete failure. Complete failure may occur if precipitation contacts a sensor element of the NO x sensor, causing the sensor element to crack, especially if the exhaust gas superheats the precipitation (e.g., 800° C and above). Such failures may lead to the engine being derated, customer dissatisfaction, and expensive repairs.
- precipitation such as rain, melted snow, or melted ice - they may be prone to sending inaccurate NO x signals, and they may even be prone to complete failure. Complete failure may occur if precipitation contacts a sensor element of the NO x sensor, causing the sensor element to crack, especially if the exhaust gas superheats the precipitation (e.g., 800° C and above). Such failures may lead to the engine being derated, customer dissatis
- the apparatus comprises a precipitation cover adapted to be positioned at least partially downstream of a tailpipe relative to a direction of an exhaust gas flow.
- the precipitation cover comprises a first cover end and a second cover end.
- the first cover end is configured as a precipitation outlet
- the second cover end is configured as an exhaust gas outlet and a precipitation inlet, wherein when the first cover end and the tailpipe are coupled together, the first cover end and the tailpipe cooperate so as to form a precipitation exit opening.
- the disclosed apparatus minimizes the amount of precipitation that enters the tailpipe and, thus, the amount that comes into contact with the NO x sensor. At the same time, the disclosed apparatus only minimally interferes with the normal exhaust function of the engine (i.e., it minimizes any back pressure). And, further yet, it is cost effective, easy to implement, does not require moving parts, and is visually appealing.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a schematic illustration of a power system 100 comprising an apparatus 102 for an exhaust system 140 having an aftertreatment system 120.
- the apparatus 102 works particularly well in combination with, for example, a NO x sensor 119, but it would work just as well with any power system 100 having an internal combustion engine 106, regardless of whether it has an aftertreatment system 120, a NO x sensor 119, etc.
- the power system 100 may be used for providing power to a variety of machines, including on-highway trucks, construction vehicles, marine vessels, stationary generators, automobiles, agricultural vehicles, and recreation vehicles.
- Internal combustion engine 106 may be any kind of engine that produces an exhaust gas, the exhaust gas being indicated by directional arrow 192.
- internal combustion engine 106 may be a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, a gaseous fuel burning engine (e.g., natural gas) or any other exhaust gas producing engine.
- the internal combustion engine 106 may be of any size, with any number of cylinders (not shown), and in any configuration (e.g., "V," inline, and radial).
- the internal combustion engine 106 may include various sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and mass flow sensors.
- the power system 100 comprises an intake system 107.
- the intake system 107 comprises components configured to introduce a fresh intake gas, indicated by directional arrow 189, into the internal combustion engine 106.
- the intake system 107 comprises an exhaust intake manifold (not shown) in fluid communication with the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 106, a compressor 112, a charge air cooler 116, and an air throttle actuator 126.
- the compressor 112 may be a fixed geometry compressor, a variable geometry compressor, or any other type of compressor configured to receive the fresh intake gas, from upstream of the compressor 112.
- the compressor 112 compresses the fresh intake gas to an elevated pressure level.
- the charge air cooler 116 is positioned downstream of the compressor 112, and it is configured to cool the fresh intake gas.
- the air throttle actuator 126 is positioned downstream of the charge air cooler 116, and it may be, for example, a flap type valve controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) 115 to regulate the air-fuel ratio.
- ECU electronice control unit
- the exhaust system 140 comprises components configured to direct exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 106 to the atmosphere.
- the exhaust system 140 comprises the exhaust intake manifold in fluid communication with the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 106.
- at least one exhaust valve (not shown) opens, allowing the exhaust gas to flow through the exhaust intake manifold and a turbine 111.
- the pressure and volume of the exhaust gas drives the turbine 111, allowing it to drive the compressor 112 via a shaft (not shown).
- the combination of the compressor 112, the shaft, and the turbine 111 forms a turbocharger 108.
- the power system 100 comprises a second turbocharger 109 that cooperates with the turbocharger 108 (i.e., series turbocharging).
- the second turbocharger 109 comprises a second compressor 114, a second shaft (not shown), and a second turbine 113.
- the second compressor 114 may be a fixed geometry compressor, a variable geometry compressor, or any other type of compressor configured to receive the fresh intake flow, from upstream of the second compressor 114, and compresses the fresh intake flow to an elevated pressure level before it enters the internal combustion engine 106.
- the power system 100 also comprises an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system 132 that is configured to receive a recirculated portion of the exhaust gas, as indicated by directional arrow 194.
- the intake gas is indicated by directional arrow 190, and it is a combination of the fresh intake gas and the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas.
- the EGR system 132 comprises an EGR valve 122, an EGR cooler 118, and an EGR mixer (not shown).
- the EGR valve 122 may be a vacuum controlled valve, allowing a specific amount of the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas back into the exhaust intake manifold.
- the EGR cooler 118 is configured to cool the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas flowing therethrough. Although the EGR valve 122 is illustrated as being downstream of the EGR cooler 118, it could also be positioned upstream from the EGR cooler 118.
- the EGR mixer is configured to mix the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas and the fresh intake gas into, as noted above, the intake gas.
- the aftertreatment system 120 is configured to remove various chemical compounds and particulate emissions present in the exhaust gas received from the internal combustion engine 106. After being treated by the aftertreatment system 120, the exhaust gas is expelled into the atmosphere via a tailpipe outlet 178.
- the apparatus 102 comprises a precipitation cover 129 adapted to be positioned at least partially downstream of a tailpipe 124 relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow, as indicated by directional arrow 192.
- the NO x sensor 119 is configured to produce and transmit a NO x signal to the ECU 115 that is indicative of a NO x content of exhaust gas flowing thereby.
- the NO x sensor 119 may, for example, rely upon an electrochemical or catalytic reaction that generates a current, the magnitude of which is indicative of the NO x concentration of the exhaust gas.
- the ECU 115 performs four primary functions: (1) converting analog sensor inputs to digital outputs; (2) performing mathematical computations for all fuel and other systems; (3) performing self diagnostics; and (4) storing information.
- the ECU 115 in response to the NO x signal, controls a combustion temperature of the internal combustion engine 106 and/or the amount of a reductant injected into the exhaust gas, so as to minimize the level of NO x entering the atmosphere.
- the aftertreatment system 120 comprises a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 163, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 164, and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system 152.
- the SCR system 152 comprises a reductant delivery system 135, an SCR catalyst 170, and an ammonia oxidation catalyst (AOC) 174.
- the exhaust gas flows through the DOC 163, the DPF 164, the SCR catalyst 170, and the AOC 174, and is then, as just mentioned, expelled into the atmosphere via the tailpipe outlet 178.
- the DPF 164 is positioned downstream of the DOC 163, the SCR catalyst 170 downstream of the DPF 164, and the AOC 174 downstream of the SCR catalyst 170.
- the DOC 163, the DPF 164, the SCR catalyst 170, and the AOC 174 are coupled together.
- Exhaust gas treated, in the aftertreatment system 120, and released into the atmosphere contains significantly fewer pollutants - such as diesel particulate matter, NO 2 , and hydrocarbons - than an untreated exhaust gas.
- the DOC 163 may be configured in a variety of ways and contains catalyst materials useful in collecting, absorbing, adsorbing, and/or converting hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and/or oxides of nitrogen contained in the exhaust gas.
- catalyst materials may include, for example, aluminum, platinum, palladium, rhodium, barium, cerium, and/or alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, rare-earth metals, or combinations thereof.
- the DOC 163 may include, for example, a ceramic substrate, a metallic mesh, foam, or any other porous material known in the art, and the catalyst materials may be located on, for example, a substrate of the DOC 163.
- the DOC 163 may also be configured to oxidize NO contained in the exhaust gas, thereby converting it to NO 2 . Or, stated slightly differently, the DOC 163 may assist in achieving a desired ratio of NO to NO 2 upstream of the SCR catalyst 170.
- the DPF 164 may be any of various particulate filters known in the art configured to reduce particulate matter concentrations, e.g., soot and ash, in the exhaust gas to meet requisite emission standards. Any structure capable of removing particulate matter from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 106 may be used.
- the DPF 164 may include a wall-flow ceramic substrate having a honeycomb cross-section constructed of cordierite, silicon carbide, or other suitable material to remove the particulate matter.
- the DPF 164 may be electrically coupled to a controller, such as the ECU 115, that controls various characteristics of the DPF 164.
- the ECU 115 may be configured to measure the PM build up, also known as filter loading, in the DPF 164, using a combination of algorithms and sensors. When filter loading occurs, the ECU 115 manages the initiation and duration of the regeneration process.
- the reductant delivery system 135 comprises a reductant tank 148 configured to store the reductant.
- a reductant is a solution having 32.5% high purity urea and 67.5% deionized water (e.g., DEF), which decomposes as it travels through a decomposition tube 160 to produce ammonia.
- DEF deionized water
- Such a reductant may begin to freeze at approximately 12 deg F (-11 deg C). If the reductant freezes when a machine is shut down, then the reductant may need to be thawed before the SCR system 152 can function.
- the reductant delivery system 135 further comprises a reductant header 136 mounted to the reductant tank 148, the reductant header 136 further comprising a level sensor 150 configured to measure a quantity of the reductant in the reductant tank 148.
- the level sensor 150 may comprise a float configured to float at a liquid/air surface interface of reductant included within the reductant tank 148.
- Other implementations of the level sensor 150 are possible, and may include, exemplarily, one or more of the following: (a) using one or more ultrasonic sensors; (b) using one or more optical liquid-surface measurement sensors; (c) using one or more pressure sensors disposed within the reductant tank 148; and (d) using one or more capacitance sensors.
- the reductant header 136 comprises a tank heating element 130 that is configured to receive coolant from the internal combustion engine 106
- the power system 100 comprises a cooling system 133 that comprises a coolant supply passage 180 and a coolant return passage 181.
- a first segment 196 of the coolant supply passage 180 is positioned fluidly between the internal combustion engine 106 and the tank heating element 130 and is configured to supply coolant to the tank heating element 130.
- the coolant circulates, through the tank heating element 130, so as to warm the reductant in the reductant tank 148, therefore reducing the risk that the reductant freezes therein.
- the tank heating element 130 may, instead, be an electrically resistive heating element.
- a second segment 197 of the coolant supply passage 180 is positioned fluidly between the tank heating element 130 and a reductant delivery mechanism 158 and is configured to supply coolant thereto.
- the coolant heats the reductant delivery mechanism 158, reducing the risk that reductant freezes therein.
- a first segment 198 of the coolant return passage 181 is positioned between the reductant delivery mechanism 158 and the tank heating element 130, and a second segment 199 of the coolant return passage 181 is positioned between the internal combustion engine 106 and the tank heating element 130.
- the first segment 198 and the second segment 199 are configured to return the coolant to the internal combustion engine 106.
- the decomposition tube 160 is positioned downstream of the reductant delivery mechanism 158 but upstream of the SCR catalyst 170.
- the reductant delivery mechanism 158 may be, for example, an injector that is selectively controllable to inject reductant directly into the exhaust gas.
- the SCR system 152 comprises a reductant mixer 166 that is positioned upstream of the SCR catalyst 170 and downstream of the reductant delivery mechanism 158.
- the reductant delivery system 135 additionally comprises a reductant pressure source (not shown) and a reductant extraction passage 184.
- the reductant extraction passage 184 is coupled fluidly to the reductant tank 148 and the reductant pressure source therebetween.
- the reductant extraction passage 184 is shown extending into the reductant tank 148, though in other embodiments the reductant extraction passage 184 may be coupled to an extraction tube via the reductant header 136.
- the reductant delivery system 135 further comprises a reductant supply module 168 comprising the reductant pressure source.
- the reductant supply module 168 is similar to a Bosch reductant supply module, such as the one found in the "Bosch Denoxtronic 2.2 - Urea Dosing System for SCR Systems.”
- the reductant delivery system 135 also comprises a reductant dosing passage 186 and a reductant return passage 188.
- the reductant return passage 188 is shown extending into the reductant tank 148, though in some embodiments of the power system 100, the reductant return passage 188 may be coupled to a return tube via the reductant header 136.
- the reductant delivery system 135 may comprise - among other things - valves, orifices, sensors, and pumps positioned in the reductant extraction passage 184, reductant dosing passage 186, and reductant return passage 188.
- a reductant is a solution having 32.5% high purity urea and 67.5% deionized water (e.g., DEF), which decomposes as it travels through the decomposition tube 160 to produce ammonia.
- the ammonia reacts with NO x in the presence of the SCR catalyst 170, and it reduces the NO x to less harmful emissions, such as N 2 and H 2 O.
- the SCR catalyst 170 may be any of various catalysts known in the art.
- the SCR catalyst 170 may be a vanadium-based catalyst.
- the SCR catalyst 170 may be a zeolite-based catalyst, such as a Cu-zeolite or a Fe-zeolite.
- the AOC 174 may be any of various flowthrough catalysts configured to react with ammonia to produce mainly nitrogen. Generally, the AOC 174 is utilized to remove ammonia that has slipped through or exited the SCR catalyst 170. As shown, the AOC 174 and the SCR catalyst 170 are positioned within the same housing. But in other embodiments, they may be separate from one another.
- the precipitation cover 129 comprises a first cover end 110 and a second cover end 117.
- the first cover end 110 is configured as a precipitation outlet
- the second cover end 117 is configured as an exhaust gas outlet and a precipitation inlet.
- the first cover end 110 and the tailpipe 124 cooperate so as to form a precipitation exit opening 171.
- the first cover end 110 and an end 147 of the tailpipe 124 cooperate, so as to form the precipitation exit opening 171.
- the precipitation cover 129 and the precipitation exit opening 171 are configured so as to minimize the amount of precipitation 165 that enters the tailpipe 124 and that, ultimately, comes into contact with the NO x sensor 119.
- At least a portion of the first cover end 110 is positioned radially outside of the end 147 of the tailpipe 124.
- the precipitation cover 129 and the tailpipe 124 are both tubularly shaped, wherein an inner diameter 154 of the precipitation cover 129 is larger than an outer diameter 159 of the tailpipe 124.
- the precipitation cover 129 and/or the tailpipe 124 may take other shapes, such as an extended square shapes, extended oblong shapes, and so forth.
- the precipitation cover 129 comprises a hood 162 extending axially away from the second cover end 117.
- the hood 162 is angularly aligned with a spacer 125 relative to an imaginary cover axis 153.
- the hood 162 minimizes the amount of precipitation 165 that enters the precipitation cover 129 and tailpipe 124, particularly if the precipitation 165 is falling in the direction shown in Fig. 2 , for example.
- the hood 162 is illustrated as having a smooth, round contour, but other embodiments could take various different shapes, assuming that the hood 162 maintains its functionality (i.e., minimizing the amount of precipitation 165 that enters the precipitation cover 129 and tailpipe 124).
- the tailpipe 124 further comprises a first tailpipe section 128 and a second tailpipe section 139.
- the second tailpipe section 139 may be substantially elbow shaped and may be positioned downstream of the first tailpipe section 128, relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow.
- the first tailpipe section 128 defines an imaginary tailpipe axis 142
- the precipitation cover 129 defines imaginary cover axis 153.
- the imaginary tailpipe axis 142 and the imaginary cover axis 153 define an angle 156 therebetween in a range of 90° and 150°, and in some embodiments, it may be between 110° and 130°.
- the angle 156 is such that it prevents precipitation 165 from entering the tailpipe 124, even when the precipitation 165 is falling at, for example, a 40° angle.
- the precipitation cover 129 may be made of, for example, aluminized steel or stainless steel.
- Aluminized steel provides a surface that paints stick to, even when the aluminized steel is very hot, and the aluminized steel does not rust, even if the paint is scratched off thereof.
- the first tailpipe section 128, the second tailpipe section 139, and the spacer 125 may also be made of, for example, either aluminized steel or stainless steel.
- the precipitation cover 129 overlaps the tailpipe 124 so as to form an overlapped region 172, and the precipitation cover 129 and the tailpipe 124 are spaced apart, along the overlapped region 172, so as to form an annular gap 146 therebetween.
- the apparatus 102 further comprises the spacer 125 mounted to the tailpipe 124, and the precipitation cover 129 is mounted to the spacer 125.
- the spacer 125 is mounted to an outer surface 157 of the tailpipe 124
- the precipitation cover 129 is mounted to an outer surface 187 of the spacer 125.
- the imaginary tailpipe axis 142 and the imaginary cover axis 153 define a plane 131
- the spacer 125 and the precipitation cover 129 are symmetric to one another relative to the plane 131.
- the spacer 125 is "horseshoe shaped" and partially extends around the outer surface 157 of the tailpipe 124.
- the spacer 125 extends around approximately 270° about the tailpipe 124 (see angle 138), though in other embodiments, the spacer 125 extends around a smaller or larger angle.
- the spacer 125 may comprise multiple pieces and take a number of different shapes, and it may comprise holes, slots, and the like.
- a first end surface 176 of the spacer 125 connects an inner surface 175 and the outer surface 187 of the spacer 125.
- a second end surface 177 of the spacer 125 also connects the inner surface 175 and the outer surface 187.
- the first end surface 176, the second end surface 177, the inner surface 175, and the outer surface 187 cooperate so as to define the precipitation exit opening 171.
- FIG. 5 there is shown a view of an apparatus 202 in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention taken from a view similar to that which is shown in Fig. 4 .
- the apparatus 202 has many components similar in structure and function as apparatus 102, as indicated by the use of identical reference numerals where applicable. However, a difference between those is that spacer 225 of apparatus 202 is a bead of weld (see, for example, the bead of weld 234), rather than, for example, a plate. And as shown in the illustrated embodiment of apparatus 202, there is also a bead of weld 227 and a bead of weld 291. Such an embodiment may provide robust support of the precipitation cover 129, while simultaneously keeping assembly and manufacturing costs low. Other embodiments of the apparatus 202 may have a greater or lesser number of welds, and they may be oriented differently relative to one another.
- precipitation cover 329 comprises a base cover 321 and an extended cover 323.
- the base cover 321 is positioned substantially downstream of the end 147 of the tailpipe 124 relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow
- the extended cover 323 is positioned substantially upstream of the end 147 of the tailpipe 124 relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow.
- One potential advantage of the precipitation cover 329 is that operators of, for example, a work machine may find it more visually appealing.
- the apparatus 302 further comprises a supplemental spacer 379.
- the supplemental spacer 379 is mounted to the tailpipe 124, and the precipitation cover 329 is mounted to the supplemental spacer 379. Further, the supplemental spacer 379 is positioned downstream of spacer 325 relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow.
- the precipitation cover 329 overlap the tailpipe 124 so as to form an overlapped region 372, and the precipitation cover 329 and the tailpipe 124 are spaced apart from one another, along the overlapped region 372, so as to form an annular gap 346 therebetween.
- the supplemental spacer 379 is "horseshoe shaped" and partially extends around the outer surface 157 of the tailpipe 124.
- the supplemental spacer 379 extends around approximately 270° of the tailpipe 124 (see angle 301).
- the supplemental spacer 379 may comprise multiple pieces and take a number of different shapes, and it may comprise holes, slots, and the like.
- a first end surface 303 of the supplemental spacer 379 connects an inner surface 304 and an outer surface 305 of the supple-mental spacer 379.
- a second end surface 395 of the supplemental spacer 379 connects the inner surface 304 and the outer surface 305 of the supplemental spacer 379.
- the first end surface 303, the second end surface 395, an inner surface 337 of the precipitation cover 329, and the outer surface 157 of the tailpipe 124 cooperate so as to define a supplemental precipitation exit opening 383.
- a first end surface 376 of the spacer 325 connects an inner surface 375 and an outer surface 387 of the spacer 325.
- a second end surface 377 of the spacer 325 connects the inner surface 375 and the outer surface 387 of the spacer 325.
- the first end surface 376, the second end surface 377, the inner surface 375, and the outer surface 387 cooperate so as to define a precipitation exit opening 371.
- the spacer 325 is "horseshoe shaped" and partially extends around the outer surface 157 of the tailpipe 124.
- the spacer 325 extends around approximately 270° of the tailpipe 124 (see angle 393), though the spacer 325 may extend around a smaller or a larger angle.
- the spacer 325 may comprise multiple pieces and take a number of different shapes, and it may comprise holes, slots, and the likes.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an apparatus for an exhaust system.
- All engines - diesel, gasoline, propane, and natural gas - produce exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. These emissions are the result of incomplete combustion. Diesel engines also produce particulate matter. As more government focus is being placed on health and environmental issues, agencies around the world are enacting more stringent emission's laws.
- Because so many diesel engines are used in trucks, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and its counterparts in Europe and Japan first focused on setting emissions regulations for the on-road market. While the worldwide regulation of off-road diesel engines came later, the pace of cleanup and rate of improvement has been more aggressive for off-road engines than for on-road engines.
- Manufacturers of off-road diesel engines are expected to meet set emissions regulations. For example, Tier 3 emissions regulations required an approximate 65 percent reduction in particulate matter (PM) and a 60 percent reduction in NOx from 1996 levels. As a further example,
Interim Tier 4 regulations required a 90 percent reduction in PM along with a 50 percent drop in NOx. Still further,Final Tier 4 regulations, which will be fully implemented by 2015, will take PM and NOx emissions to near-zero levels. - To meet such emissions levels, at least a portion of the exhaust gas being emitted from many engines must pass through an aftertreatment system. The aftertreatment system is configured to remove various chemical compounds and particulate emissions, such as PM and NOx. The aftertreatment system may comprise a NOx sensor, which is configured to produce a NOx signal indicative of a NOx content of exhaust gas flowing thereby. An ECU may use the NOx signal to control, for example, a combustion temperature of the engine and/or to control the amount of a reductant injected into the exhaust gas, so as to minimize the level of NOx entering the atmosphere.
- However, a problem associated with NOx sensors is that, if they come into contact with precipitation - such as rain, melted snow, or melted ice - they may be prone to sending inaccurate NOx signals, and they may even be prone to complete failure. Complete failure may occur if precipitation contacts a sensor element of the NOx sensor, causing the sensor element to crack, especially if the exhaust gas superheats the precipitation (e.g., 800° C and above). Such failures may lead to the engine being derated, customer dissatisfaction, and expensive repairs.
- Therefore, what is needed in the art is an apparatus for minimizing the amount of precipitation that comes into contact with the NOx sensor, while at the same time, minimizing the effect on the normal exhaust function (i.e., minimizing any back pressure). What is additionally needed in the art is such apparatus that is cost effective, easy to implement, does not require moving parts, and is visually appealing.
- These and other objects are achieved by the present invention, wherein an apparatus for an exhaust system is provided. The apparatus comprises a precipitation cover adapted to be positioned at least partially downstream of a tailpipe relative to a direction of an exhaust gas flow. The precipitation cover comprises a first cover end and a second cover end. The first cover end is configured as a precipitation outlet, the second cover end is configured as an exhaust gas outlet and a precipitation inlet, wherein when the first cover end and the tailpipe are coupled together, the first cover end and the tailpipe cooperate so as to form a precipitation exit opening.
- The disclosed apparatus minimizes the amount of precipitation that enters the tailpipe and, thus, the amount that comes into contact with the NOx sensor. At the same time, the disclosed apparatus only minimally interferes with the normal exhaust function of the engine (i.e., it minimizes any back pressure). And, further yet, it is cost effective, easy to implement, does not require moving parts, and is visually appealing.
- For a complete understanding of the objects, techniques, and structure of the invention reference should be made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, wherein similar components are designated by identical reference numerals:
- Fig. 1
- is a schematic illustration of a power system comprising an apparatus for an exhaust system according to the present invention,
- Fig. 2
- is an elevational view of a tailpipe and an apparatus in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, the apparatus comprising a precipitation cover and a spacer,
- Fig. 3
- is a partially exploded, perspective view of the tailpipe of
Fig. 2 as well as of the precipitation cover and the spacer, - Fig. 4
- is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of
Fig. 2 illustrating the precipitation cover and the spacer, - Fig. 5
- is a view of an apparatus in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention taken from a view similar to that shown in
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- is an elevational view of a tailpipe and an apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention taken from a view similar to that shown in
Fig. 2 , - Fig. 7
- is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of
Fig. 6 illustrating a supplemental spacer, and - Fig. 8
- is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of
Fig. 6 illustrating the supplemental spacer. - Referring to
Fig. 1 , there is shown a schematic illustration of apower system 100 comprising anapparatus 102 for anexhaust system 140 having anaftertreatment system 120. Theapparatus 102 works particularly well in combination with, for example, a NOx sensor 119, but it would work just as well with anypower system 100 having aninternal combustion engine 106, regardless of whether it has anaftertreatment system 120, a NOx sensor 119, etc. - The
power system 100 may be used for providing power to a variety of machines, including on-highway trucks, construction vehicles, marine vessels, stationary generators, automobiles, agricultural vehicles, and recreation vehicles. -
Internal combustion engine 106 may be any kind of engine that produces an exhaust gas, the exhaust gas being indicated bydirectional arrow 192. For example,internal combustion engine 106 may be a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, a gaseous fuel burning engine (e.g., natural gas) or any other exhaust gas producing engine. Theinternal combustion engine 106 may be of any size, with any number of cylinders (not shown), and in any configuration (e.g., "V," inline, and radial). Although not shown, theinternal combustion engine 106 may include various sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and mass flow sensors. - The
power system 100 comprises anintake system 107. Theintake system 107 comprises components configured to introduce a fresh intake gas, indicated bydirectional arrow 189, into theinternal combustion engine 106. For example, theintake system 107 comprises an exhaust intake manifold (not shown) in fluid communication with the cylinders of theinternal combustion engine 106, acompressor 112, acharge air cooler 116, and anair throttle actuator 126. - Exemplarily, the
compressor 112 may be a fixed geometry compressor, a variable geometry compressor, or any other type of compressor configured to receive the fresh intake gas, from upstream of thecompressor 112. Thecompressor 112 compresses the fresh intake gas to an elevated pressure level. As shown, thecharge air cooler 116 is positioned downstream of thecompressor 112, and it is configured to cool the fresh intake gas. Theair throttle actuator 126 is positioned downstream of thecharge air cooler 116, and it may be, for example, a flap type valve controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) 115 to regulate the air-fuel ratio. - The
exhaust system 140 comprises components configured to direct exhaust gas from theinternal combustion engine 106 to the atmosphere. Specifically, theexhaust system 140 comprises the exhaust intake manifold in fluid communication with the cylinders of theinternal combustion engine 106. During an exhaust stroke, at least one exhaust valve (not shown) opens, allowing the exhaust gas to flow through the exhaust intake manifold and aturbine 111. The pressure and volume of the exhaust gas drives theturbine 111, allowing it to drive thecompressor 112 via a shaft (not shown). The combination of thecompressor 112, the shaft, and theturbine 111 forms aturbocharger 108. - The
power system 100 comprises asecond turbocharger 109 that cooperates with the turbocharger 108 (i.e., series turbocharging). Thesecond turbocharger 109 comprises asecond compressor 114, a second shaft (not shown), and asecond turbine 113. Exemplarily, thesecond compressor 114 may be a fixed geometry compressor, a variable geometry compressor, or any other type of compressor configured to receive the fresh intake flow, from upstream of thesecond compressor 114, and compresses the fresh intake flow to an elevated pressure level before it enters theinternal combustion engine 106. - The
power system 100 also comprises an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)system 132 that is configured to receive a recirculated portion of the exhaust gas, as indicated bydirectional arrow 194. The intake gas is indicated bydirectional arrow 190, and it is a combination of the fresh intake gas and the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas. TheEGR system 132 comprises anEGR valve 122, an EGR cooler 118, and an EGR mixer (not shown). - The
EGR valve 122 may be a vacuum controlled valve, allowing a specific amount of the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas back into the exhaust intake manifold. TheEGR cooler 118 is configured to cool the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas flowing therethrough. Although theEGR valve 122 is illustrated as being downstream of theEGR cooler 118, it could also be positioned upstream from theEGR cooler 118. The EGR mixer is configured to mix the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas and the fresh intake gas into, as noted above, the intake gas. - At least a portion of the exhaust gas passes through the
aftertreatment system 120. Theaftertreatment system 120 is configured to remove various chemical compounds and particulate emissions present in the exhaust gas received from theinternal combustion engine 106. After being treated by theaftertreatment system 120, the exhaust gas is expelled into the atmosphere via atailpipe outlet 178. Theapparatus 102 comprises aprecipitation cover 129 adapted to be positioned at least partially downstream of atailpipe 124 relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow, as indicated bydirectional arrow 192. - The NOx sensor 119 is configured to produce and transmit a NOx signal to the
ECU 115 that is indicative of a NOx content of exhaust gas flowing thereby. The NOx sensor 119 may, for example, rely upon an electrochemical or catalytic reaction that generates a current, the magnitude of which is indicative of the NOx concentration of the exhaust gas. - The
ECU 115 performs four primary functions: (1) converting analog sensor inputs to digital outputs; (2) performing mathematical computations for all fuel and other systems; (3) performing self diagnostics; and (4) storing information. Exemplarily, theECU 115, in response to the NOx signal, controls a combustion temperature of theinternal combustion engine 106 and/or the amount of a reductant injected into the exhaust gas, so as to minimize the level of NOx entering the atmosphere. - Referring back to
Fig. 1 , as shown, theaftertreatment system 120 comprises a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 163, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 164, and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR)system 152. TheSCR system 152 comprises areductant delivery system 135, anSCR catalyst 170, and an ammonia oxidation catalyst (AOC) 174. Exemplarily, the exhaust gas flows through theDOC 163, theDPF 164, theSCR catalyst 170, and theAOC 174, and is then, as just mentioned, expelled into the atmosphere via thetailpipe outlet 178. - In other words, in the embodiment shown, the
DPF 164 is positioned downstream of theDOC 163, theSCR catalyst 170 downstream of theDPF 164, and theAOC 174 downstream of theSCR catalyst 170. TheDOC 163, theDPF 164, theSCR catalyst 170, and theAOC 174 are coupled together. Exhaust gas treated, in theaftertreatment system 120, and released into the atmosphere contains significantly fewer pollutants - such as diesel particulate matter, NO2, and hydrocarbons - than an untreated exhaust gas. - The
DOC 163 may be configured in a variety of ways and contains catalyst materials useful in collecting, absorbing, adsorbing, and/or converting hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and/or oxides of nitrogen contained in the exhaust gas. Such catalyst materials may include, for example, aluminum, platinum, palladium, rhodium, barium, cerium, and/or alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, rare-earth metals, or combinations thereof. TheDOC 163 may include, for example, a ceramic substrate, a metallic mesh, foam, or any other porous material known in the art, and the catalyst materials may be located on, for example, a substrate of theDOC 163. TheDOC 163 may also be configured to oxidize NO contained in the exhaust gas, thereby converting it to NO2. Or, stated slightly differently, theDOC 163 may assist in achieving a desired ratio of NO to NO2 upstream of theSCR catalyst 170. - The
DPF 164 may be any of various particulate filters known in the art configured to reduce particulate matter concentrations, e.g., soot and ash, in the exhaust gas to meet requisite emission standards. Any structure capable of removing particulate matter from the exhaust gas of theinternal combustion engine 106 may be used. For example, theDPF 164 may include a wall-flow ceramic substrate having a honeycomb cross-section constructed of cordierite, silicon carbide, or other suitable material to remove the particulate matter. TheDPF 164 may be electrically coupled to a controller, such as theECU 115, that controls various characteristics of theDPF 164. - If the
DPF 164 were used alone, it would initially help in meeting the emission requirements, but would quickly fill up with soot and need to be replaced. Therefore, theDPF 164 is combined with theDOC 163, which helps extend the life of theDPF 164 through the process of regeneration. TheECU 115 may be configured to measure the PM build up, also known as filter loading, in theDPF 164, using a combination of algorithms and sensors. When filter loading occurs, theECU 115 manages the initiation and duration of the regeneration process. - Moreover, the
reductant delivery system 135 comprises areductant tank 148 configured to store the reductant. One example of a reductant is a solution having 32.5% high purity urea and 67.5% deionized water (e.g., DEF), which decomposes as it travels through adecomposition tube 160 to produce ammonia. Such a reductant may begin to freeze at approximately 12 deg F (-11 deg C). If the reductant freezes when a machine is shut down, then the reductant may need to be thawed before theSCR system 152 can function. - The
reductant delivery system 135 further comprises areductant header 136 mounted to thereductant tank 148, thereductant header 136 further comprising alevel sensor 150 configured to measure a quantity of the reductant in thereductant tank 148. Thelevel sensor 150 may comprise a float configured to float at a liquid/air surface interface of reductant included within thereductant tank 148. Other implementations of thelevel sensor 150 are possible, and may include, exemplarily, one or more of the following: (a) using one or more ultrasonic sensors; (b) using one or more optical liquid-surface measurement sensors; (c) using one or more pressure sensors disposed within thereductant tank 148; and (d) using one or more capacitance sensors. - In the illustrated embodiment, the
reductant header 136 comprises atank heating element 130 that is configured to receive coolant from theinternal combustion engine 106, and thepower system 100 comprises acooling system 133 that comprises acoolant supply passage 180 and acoolant return passage 181. Afirst segment 196 of thecoolant supply passage 180 is positioned fluidly between theinternal combustion engine 106 and thetank heating element 130 and is configured to supply coolant to thetank heating element 130. The coolant circulates, through thetank heating element 130, so as to warm the reductant in thereductant tank 148, therefore reducing the risk that the reductant freezes therein. In an alternative embodiment, thetank heating element 130 may, instead, be an electrically resistive heating element. - A
second segment 197 of thecoolant supply passage 180 is positioned fluidly between thetank heating element 130 and areductant delivery mechanism 158 and is configured to supply coolant thereto. The coolant heats thereductant delivery mechanism 158, reducing the risk that reductant freezes therein. - A
first segment 198 of thecoolant return passage 181 is positioned between thereductant delivery mechanism 158 and thetank heating element 130, and asecond segment 199 of thecoolant return passage 181 is positioned between theinternal combustion engine 106 and thetank heating element 130. Thefirst segment 198 and thesecond segment 199 are configured to return the coolant to theinternal combustion engine 106. - The
decomposition tube 160 is positioned downstream of thereductant delivery mechanism 158 but upstream of theSCR catalyst 170. Thereductant delivery mechanism 158 may be, for example, an injector that is selectively controllable to inject reductant directly into the exhaust gas. As shown, theSCR system 152 comprises areductant mixer 166 that is positioned upstream of theSCR catalyst 170 and downstream of thereductant delivery mechanism 158. - The
reductant delivery system 135 additionally comprises a reductant pressure source (not shown) and areductant extraction passage 184. Thereductant extraction passage 184 is coupled fluidly to thereductant tank 148 and the reductant pressure source therebetween. Exemplarily, thereductant extraction passage 184 is shown extending into thereductant tank 148, though in other embodiments thereductant extraction passage 184 may be coupled to an extraction tube via thereductant header 136. Thereductant delivery system 135 further comprises areductant supply module 168 comprising the reductant pressure source. Exemplarily, thereductant supply module 168 is similar to a Bosch reductant supply module, such as the one found in the "Bosch Denoxtronic 2.2 - Urea Dosing System for SCR Systems." - The
reductant delivery system 135 also comprises areductant dosing passage 186 and areductant return passage 188. Thereductant return passage 188 is shown extending into thereductant tank 148, though in some embodiments of thepower system 100, thereductant return passage 188 may be coupled to a return tube via thereductant header 136. - The
reductant delivery system 135 may comprise - among other things - valves, orifices, sensors, and pumps positioned in thereductant extraction passage 184,reductant dosing passage 186, andreductant return passage 188. - As mentioned above, one example of a reductant is a solution having 32.5% high purity urea and 67.5% deionized water (e.g., DEF), which decomposes as it travels through the
decomposition tube 160 to produce ammonia. The ammonia reacts with NOx in the presence of theSCR catalyst 170, and it reduces the NOx to less harmful emissions, such as N2 and H2O. TheSCR catalyst 170 may be any of various catalysts known in the art. For example, in some embodiments, theSCR catalyst 170 may be a vanadium-based catalyst. But in other embodiments, theSCR catalyst 170 may be a zeolite-based catalyst, such as a Cu-zeolite or a Fe-zeolite. - The
AOC 174 may be any of various flowthrough catalysts configured to react with ammonia to produce mainly nitrogen. Generally, theAOC 174 is utilized to remove ammonia that has slipped through or exited theSCR catalyst 170. As shown, theAOC 174 and theSCR catalyst 170 are positioned within the same housing. But in other embodiments, they may be separate from one another. - Referring to
Figs. 2 and3 , theapparatus 102 in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention is shown in more detail. Theprecipitation cover 129 comprises afirst cover end 110 and asecond cover end 117. Thefirst cover end 110 is configured as a precipitation outlet, and thesecond cover end 117 is configured as an exhaust gas outlet and a precipitation inlet. When thefirst cover end 110 and thetailpipe 124 are coupled together, thefirst cover end 110 and thetailpipe 124 cooperate so as to form aprecipitation exit opening 171. In some embodiments, including the one illustrated inFigs. 2 to 4 , thefirst cover end 110 and anend 147 of thetailpipe 124 cooperate, so as to form theprecipitation exit opening 171. Theprecipitation cover 129 and theprecipitation exit opening 171 are configured so as to minimize the amount ofprecipitation 165 that enters thetailpipe 124 and that, ultimately, comes into contact with the NOx sensor 119. - At least a portion of the
first cover end 110 is positioned radially outside of theend 147 of thetailpipe 124. For example, as illustrated, theprecipitation cover 129 and thetailpipe 124 are both tubularly shaped, wherein aninner diameter 154 of theprecipitation cover 129 is larger than anouter diameter 159 of thetailpipe 124. In other embodiments, theprecipitation cover 129 and/or thetailpipe 124 may take other shapes, such as an extended square shapes, extended oblong shapes, and so forth. - Further, the
precipitation cover 129 comprises ahood 162 extending axially away from thesecond cover end 117. Thehood 162 is angularly aligned with aspacer 125 relative to animaginary cover axis 153. Thehood 162 minimizes the amount ofprecipitation 165 that enters theprecipitation cover 129 andtailpipe 124, particularly if theprecipitation 165 is falling in the direction shown inFig. 2 , for example. Thehood 162 is illustrated as having a smooth, round contour, but other embodiments could take various different shapes, assuming that thehood 162 maintains its functionality (i.e., minimizing the amount ofprecipitation 165 that enters theprecipitation cover 129 and tailpipe 124). - The
tailpipe 124 further comprises afirst tailpipe section 128 and asecond tailpipe section 139. Thesecond tailpipe section 139 may be substantially elbow shaped and may be positioned downstream of thefirst tailpipe section 128, relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow. Thefirst tailpipe section 128 defines animaginary tailpipe axis 142, and theprecipitation cover 129 definesimaginary cover axis 153. As shown inFig. 2 , theimaginary tailpipe axis 142 and theimaginary cover axis 153 define anangle 156 therebetween in a range of 90° and 150°, and in some embodiments, it may be between 110° and 130°. Theangle 156 is such that it preventsprecipitation 165 from entering thetailpipe 124, even when theprecipitation 165 is falling at, for example, a 40° angle. - The
precipitation cover 129 may be made of, for example, aluminized steel or stainless steel. Aluminized steel provides a surface that paints stick to, even when the aluminized steel is very hot, and the aluminized steel does not rust, even if the paint is scratched off thereof. Likewise, thefirst tailpipe section 128, thesecond tailpipe section 139, and thespacer 125 may also be made of, for example, either aluminized steel or stainless steel. - As shown in
Fig. 2 , theprecipitation cover 129 overlaps thetailpipe 124 so as to form an overlappedregion 172, and theprecipitation cover 129 and thetailpipe 124 are spaced apart, along the overlappedregion 172, so as to form anannular gap 146 therebetween. - The
apparatus 102 further comprises thespacer 125 mounted to thetailpipe 124, and theprecipitation cover 129 is mounted to thespacer 125. Or, more specifically, thespacer 125 is mounted to anouter surface 157 of thetailpipe 124, and theprecipitation cover 129 is mounted to anouter surface 187 of thespacer 125. As illustrated in, for example,Fig. 3 , theimaginary tailpipe axis 142 and theimaginary cover axis 153 define aplane 131, and thespacer 125 and theprecipitation cover 129 are symmetric to one another relative to theplane 131. - As shown in
Fig. 4 , thespacer 125 is "horseshoe shaped" and partially extends around theouter surface 157 of thetailpipe 124. For example, thespacer 125 extends around approximately 270° about the tailpipe 124 (see angle 138), though in other embodiments, thespacer 125 extends around a smaller or larger angle. In other embodiments, thespacer 125 may comprise multiple pieces and take a number of different shapes, and it may comprise holes, slots, and the like. - A
first end surface 176 of thespacer 125 connects aninner surface 175 and theouter surface 187 of thespacer 125. Asecond end surface 177 of thespacer 125 also connects theinner surface 175 and theouter surface 187. Thefirst end surface 176, thesecond end surface 177, theinner surface 175, and theouter surface 187 cooperate so as to define theprecipitation exit opening 171. - Referring to
Fig. 5 , there is shown a view of anapparatus 202 in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention taken from a view similar to that which is shown inFig. 4 . Theapparatus 202 has many components similar in structure and function asapparatus 102, as indicated by the use of identical reference numerals where applicable. However, a difference between those is that spacer 225 ofapparatus 202 is a bead of weld (see, for example, the bead of weld 234), rather than, for example, a plate. And as shown in the illustrated embodiment ofapparatus 202, there is also a bead ofweld 227 and a bead ofweld 291. Such an embodiment may provide robust support of theprecipitation cover 129, while simultaneously keeping assembly and manufacturing costs low. Other embodiments of theapparatus 202 may have a greater or lesser number of welds, and they may be oriented differently relative to one another. - Referring to
Figs. 6 to 8 , there is shown anapparatus 302 in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention. The third embodiment of theapparatus 302 has many components similar in structure and function as the first embodiment ofapparatus 102 and the second embodiment ofapparatus 202. However, in the third embodiment ofapparatus 302,precipitation cover 329 comprises abase cover 321 and anextended cover 323. Thebase cover 321 is positioned substantially downstream of theend 147 of thetailpipe 124 relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow, and theextended cover 323 is positioned substantially upstream of theend 147 of thetailpipe 124 relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow. One potential advantage of theprecipitation cover 329 is that operators of, for example, a work machine may find it more visually appealing. - As shown in
Figs. 6 and7 , exemplarily, theapparatus 302 further comprises asupplemental spacer 379. Thesupplemental spacer 379 is mounted to thetailpipe 124, and theprecipitation cover 329 is mounted to thesupplemental spacer 379. Further, thesupplemental spacer 379 is positioned downstream ofspacer 325 relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow. Theprecipitation cover 329 overlap thetailpipe 124 so as to form an overlappedregion 372, and theprecipitation cover 329 and thetailpipe 124 are spaced apart from one another, along the overlappedregion 372, so as to form anannular gap 346 therebetween. - The
supplemental spacer 379 is "horseshoe shaped" and partially extends around theouter surface 157 of thetailpipe 124. For example, thesupplemental spacer 379 extends around approximately 270° of the tailpipe 124 (see angle 301). In other embodiments, thesupplemental spacer 379 may comprise multiple pieces and take a number of different shapes, and it may comprise holes, slots, and the like. - In the embodiment illustrated in
Fig. 7 , afirst end surface 303 of thesupplemental spacer 379 connects aninner surface 304 and anouter surface 305 of the supple-mental spacer 379. Asecond end surface 395 of thesupplemental spacer 379 connects theinner surface 304 and theouter surface 305 of thesupplemental spacer 379. Thefirst end surface 303, thesecond end surface 395, aninner surface 337 of theprecipitation cover 329, and theouter surface 157 of thetailpipe 124 cooperate so as to define a supplementalprecipitation exit opening 383. - Finally, in the embodiment illustrated in
Fig. 8 , afirst end surface 376 of thespacer 325 connects aninner surface 375 and anouter surface 387 of thespacer 325. Asecond end surface 377 of thespacer 325 connects theinner surface 375 and theouter surface 387 of thespacer 325. As illustrated, thefirst end surface 376, thesecond end surface 377, theinner surface 375, and theouter surface 387 cooperate so as to define aprecipitation exit opening 371. - Further, the
spacer 325 is "horseshoe shaped" and partially extends around theouter surface 157 of thetailpipe 124. For example, thespacer 325 extends around approximately 270° of the tailpipe 124 (see angle 393), though thespacer 325 may extend around a smaller or a larger angle. In other embodiments, thespacer 325 may comprise multiple pieces and take a number of different shapes, and it may comprise holes, slots, and the likes.
Claims (16)
- An apparatus for an exhaust system, the apparatus (102, 202, 302) comprises a precipitation cover (129, 329) adapted to be positioned at least partially downstream of a tailpipe (124) relative to a direction of an exhaust gas flow, the precipitation cover (129, 329) comprises a first cover end (110) and a second cover end (117), the first cover end (110) is configured as a precipitation outlet, the second cover end (117) is configured as an exhaust gas outlet and a precipitation inlet, wherein when the first cover end (110) and the tailpipe (124) are coupled together, the first cover end (110) and the tailpipe (124) cooperate so as to form a precipitation exit opening (171, 371).
- The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the precipitation cover (129, 329) and the tailpipe (124) are both tubularly shaped, and an inner diameter (154) of the precipitation cover (129, 329) is larger than an outer diameter (159) of the tailpipe (124).
- The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the precipitation cover (129, 329) further comprises a hood (162) extending axially from the second cover end (117).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first cover end (110) and an end (147) of the tailpipe (124) cooperate so as to form the precipitation exit opening (171).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least a portion of the first cover end (110) is positioned radially outside of an end (147) of the tailpipe (124).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tailpipe (124) further comprises a first tailpipe section (128) and a second tailpipe section (139), the first tailpipe section (128) defining an imaginary tailpipe axis (142), the second tailpipe section (139) being substantially elbow shaped and is positioned downstream of the first tailpipe section (128) relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow, the precipitation cover (129, 329) defining an imaginary cover axis (153), and the imaginary tailpipe axis (142) and the imaginary cover axis (153) defining an angle (156) therebetween in a range of 90° and 150°, in particular in a range of between 110° and 130°.
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the precipitation cover (129, 329) overlaps the tailpipe (124) so as to form an overlapped region (172, 372).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the precipitation cover (129, 329) and the tailpipe (124) are spaced apart along the overlapped region (172, 372), so as to form an annular gap (146, 346) therebetween.
- The apparatus according to claim 1 to 8, characterized by further comprising a spacer (125, 255, 325) mounted to the tailpipe (124), the precipitation cover (129, 329) being mounted to the spacer (125, 255, 325).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the spacer (125, 325) partially extends around an outer surface (157) of the tailpipe (124), in particular the spacer (125, 325) being horseshoe shaped.
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the spacer (255) is a bead of weld (227, 234, 291).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tailpipe (124) further comprises a first tailpipe section (128) and a second tailpipe section (139), the first tailpipe section (128) defines an imaginary tailpipe axis (142), the second tailpipe section (139) is substantially elbow shaped and is positioned downstream of the first tailpipe section (128) relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow, the precipitation cover (129, 329) defines an imaginary cover axis (153), the imaginary tailpipe axis (142) and the imaginary cover axis (153) define a plane (131), and the spacer (125, 255, 325) is symmetric relative to the plane (131).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a first end surface (176, 376) of the spacer (125, 325) connects an inner surface (175, 375) of the spacer (125, 325) and an outer surface (187, 387) of the spacer (125, 325), a second end surface (177, 377) connects the inner surface (175, 375) of the spacer (125, 325) and the outer surface (187, 387) of the spacer (125, 325), wherein the first end surface (176, 376) of the spacer (125, 325), the second end surface (177, 377) of the spacer (125, 325), an inner surface (137, 337) of the precipitation cover (129, 329), and an outer surface (157) of the tailpipe (124) cooperate so as to define the precipitation exit opening (171, 371).
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the precipitation cover (329) comprises a base cover (321) and an extended cover (323), the base cover (321) being positioned substantially downstream of an end (147) of the tailpipe (124) relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow, the extended cover (323) being positioned substantially upstream of the end (147) of the tailpipe (124) relative to a direction of the exhaust gas flow.
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 14, characterized by further comprising a supplemental spacer (379), the supplemental spacer (379) being mounted to the tailpipe (124), the precipitation cover (329) being mounted to the supplemental spacer (379), and the supplemental spacer (379) being positioned downstream of a spacer (325) relative to the direction of the exhaust gas flow.
- The apparatus according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a first end surface (303) of the supplemental spacer (379) connects an inner surface (304) of the supplemental spacer (379) and an outer surface (305) of the supplemental spacer (379), a second end surface (395) of the supplemental spacer (379) connects the inner surface (304) of the supplemental spacer (379) and the outer surface (305) of the supplemental spacer (379), wherein the first end surface (303) of the supplemental spacer (379), the second end surface (395) of the supplemental spacer (379), an inner surface (337) of the precipitation cover (329) and an outer surface (157) of the tailpipe (124) cooperate so as to define a supplemental precipitation exit opening (383).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/911,592 US20140360159A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Precipitation cover for an exhaust system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2811132A1 true EP2811132A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
Family
ID=50819583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14169794.6A Withdrawn EP2811132A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2014-05-26 | Apparatus for an exhaust system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140360159A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2811132A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104234808A (en) |
IN (1) | IN2014MU01712A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105923133B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2018-01-02 | 广船国际有限公司 | Ship chimney waterproof battery part |
CN109973191B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-09-29 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Waterproof type tail pipe |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2468961A (en) * | 1945-03-03 | 1949-05-03 | William C Curphy | Exhaust pipe attachment |
US3792722A (en) * | 1972-01-12 | 1974-02-19 | Waterloo Foundry Co Inc | Exhaust pipe attachment |
US3954290A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1976-05-04 | Corbin Dean L | Rain guard for upwardly extending exhaust pipes |
US5170020A (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-12-08 | Deere & Company | Rainproof exhaust pipe |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6832872B2 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-12-21 | Blaw-Knox Construction Equipment Corporation | Gas discharge device for a construction vehicle |
JP4787817B2 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2011-10-05 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | Engine exhaust purification system |
ITTO20110256A1 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-25 | Cnh Italia Spa | COVER FOR A SMOKE EXHAUST PIPE |
JP5771133B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-08-26 | 株式会社クボタ | Work vehicle exhaust system |
-
2013
- 2013-06-06 US US13/911,592 patent/US20140360159A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2014
- 2014-05-22 IN IN1712MU2014 patent/IN2014MU01712A/en unknown
- 2014-05-26 EP EP14169794.6A patent/EP2811132A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-06-06 CN CN201410250341.4A patent/CN104234808A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2468961A (en) * | 1945-03-03 | 1949-05-03 | William C Curphy | Exhaust pipe attachment |
US3792722A (en) * | 1972-01-12 | 1974-02-19 | Waterloo Foundry Co Inc | Exhaust pipe attachment |
US3954290A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1976-05-04 | Corbin Dean L | Rain guard for upwardly extending exhaust pipes |
US5170020A (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-12-08 | Deere & Company | Rainproof exhaust pipe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104234808A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
IN2014MU01712A (en) | 2015-09-04 |
US20140360159A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
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