EP2805099A1 - Small scale lng terminal - Google Patents

Small scale lng terminal

Info

Publication number
EP2805099A1
EP2805099A1 EP12705508.5A EP12705508A EP2805099A1 EP 2805099 A1 EP2805099 A1 EP 2805099A1 EP 12705508 A EP12705508 A EP 12705508A EP 2805099 A1 EP2805099 A1 EP 2805099A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lng
terminal according
hull
storage tank
lng terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12705508.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Svein Oscar SPIELER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Golar Management AS
Original Assignee
Golar Management AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Golar Management AS filed Critical Golar Management AS
Publication of EP2805099A1 publication Critical patent/EP2805099A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0157—Details of mounting arrangements for transport
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0311—Air heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0316—Water heating
    • F17C2227/0318—Water heating using seawater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/048—Refurbishing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0123—Terminals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0581—Power plants

Definitions

  • the invention regards a small scale LNG terminal and a method for manufacturing an LNG terminal. More specific the invention regards re-use of an LNG carrier.
  • Natural gas is a widely used hydrocarbon gas in private homes as well as in the industry, and is also used for electric power generation, as well as being used as fuel for transportation purposes. Natural gas is often piped from the gas production source to the consumers, but over longer distances transporting the natural gas at sea in liquid form (LNG) proves economically favorable. The ability to transport the gas in liquid form also enables provision of gas to distant markets, and LNG ship transportation is an established industry, representing a growing portion of the total natural gas transport worldwide.
  • LNG liquid form
  • Natural gas is a clean fuel compared to e.g. coal, oil and diesel, meaning emissions to air can be greatly reduced when replacing the consumption of coal or oil/diesel with natural gas, where such replacement can be made. Natural gas is also in many markets favorably priced compared to oil and diesel. There are hence strong drivers for increasing the consumption of natural gas, where natural gas can be made available, as long as there also are economic benefits associated with the natural gas consumption compared to the consumption of coal and oil/diesel. It is hence important to make technical solutions available that can provide natural gas to markets at competitive prices.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a small scale LNG terminal and a method for manufacturing such an LNG terminal which is cost effective.
  • a small scale LNG terminal comprises:
  • a hull structure comprised of a section of a (former) LNG carrier comprising a ship hull and providing support for the LNG storage tank,
  • the LNG carrier is a traditional ship for transporting LNG in LNG storage tanks.
  • the LNG storage tanks may be spherical tanks or membrane tanks or other suitable design.
  • the hull of the LNG carrier supports the LNG storage tanks and comprises all necessary LNG handling equipment and machinery systems enabling the LNG transport.
  • a method for manufacturing an LNG terminal comprises converting an LNG carrier by sub-dividing the hull and tank system to obtain at least one unit which comprises:
  • a base structure combined with the LNG carrier unit to form an integrated structure that will provide support of equipment, structural integrity and floatability.
  • the LNG carrier can during the conversion be sub-divided into physically separate sections, where a section comprises one or more LNG storage tanks and associated hull supporting structure.
  • the number of storage tanks can be adapted to the intended use and thus the need for storage capacity.
  • Additional structures may be constructed and connected to the hull structure in order to provide the necessary floatability and structural integrity, as well as providing the required space for equipment installation.
  • the base structure is shaped to give the LNG terminal the desired properties such as buoyancy and stability/centre of gravity.
  • the base structure and the hull structure form an integrated floating structure, having buoyancy for keeping the LNG terminal afloat. Desired properties may in this embodiment for example be flat bottom and shallow draft for floating in shallow waters, as well as sufficient base area to ensure appropriate stability.
  • the base structure is arranged to support the hull structure on the seabed.
  • the LNG terminal further comprises equipment for loading LNG, regasification of LNG and discharge of natural gas, for distribution of such natural gas to consumers onshore.
  • LNG regasification equipment may in one embodiment comprise ambient air vaporizers, or vaporizers using sea water as heating medium for regasifiaction, and other necessary or desired equipment for regasification.
  • Equipment for distribution/provision of natural gas to consumers may in one embodiment be means or connections for connecting to piping or transporting vehicles.
  • the LNG terminal may alternatively or
  • Electric power production equipment may in one embodiment comprise piston engines or gas turbines as generator drives, as well as other necessary or desired equipment for power production.
  • Electric power production equipment may in one embodiment comprise piston engines or gas turbines as generator drives, as well as other necessary or desired equipment for power production.
  • LNG terminal is small scale, it is possible to locate it near the user, thus minimizing transport distances and hence reducing costs associated with delivery of natural gas and/or electric power to the user.
  • the LNG terminal may also comprise means for LNG storage and delivery of LNG as fuel to vessels or vehicles at sea or land.
  • the equipment and processes onboard the LNG terminal may be monitored and controlled by a control system.
  • Figure land 2 shows schematically an LNG carrier with four spherical tanks for transport of LNG.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of an LNG terminal according to the invention being moved by a pusher tug.
  • Figure 4 shows another example of LNG terminal being moved by a pusher tug.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically an LNG carrier 10 with spherical tanks 12 for transport of LNG.
  • the LNG carrier 10 is used for storage and transportation of LNG.
  • the LNG carrier 1 comprises essentially a ship hull 1 1 , in which spherical LNG storage tanks 12 are provided, and a propulsion system 13 with engines, equipment for provision of fuel, propeller(s) etc.
  • the LNG carrier 10 is considered well known for a skilled person and will not be described in detail herein.
  • an LNG carrier for example of the type shown in figure 1, is divided into separate sections or units comprising at least one spherical LNG storage tank for storing LNG.
  • an example is provided for sub-dividing the LNG carrier of figure 1 into several sections or units 21 a-21 d.
  • Each section or unit thus comprises one LNG storage tank and a hull structure providing support for the LNG storage tank.
  • FIG 3 shows an example of an LNG terminal 30 according to the invention being moved by a pusher tug 31.
  • the LNG terminal 30 is being used as a barge for transportation and storage of LNG at sea.
  • the LNG terminal 30 comprises at least one LNG storage tank 32 for storing LNG and a barge hull 33.
  • the barge hull 33 is constructed on basis of a section or unit of a hull structure of a (former) LNG carrier, and comprising such a unit with additional supporting structures which provides support, structural integrity and floatability of the LNG terminal.
  • Figure 4 shows another example of LNG terminal 40 being moved by a pusher tug 41.
  • the LNG terminal is a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) which can store LNG and deliver natural gas by regasifying the liquid gas.
  • FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
  • the terminal 40 comprises at least one LNG storage tank 42, equipment for LNG regasification (which may comprise ambient air vaporizers) 43, as well as facilities for control and power production 44.
  • the barge hull 45 is constructed on basis of a unit of a hull structure of a (former) LNG carrier, as in figure 3.

Abstract

A small scale LNG terminal comprising at least one LNG storage tank for storing LNG a hull structure comprised of a section of a former LNG carrier comprising a ship hull and providing support for the LNG storage tank, and a base structure providing structural integrity. The LNG terminal is manufactured by converting an LNG carrier by sub-dividing the hull and tank system to separate units and combine at least one unit with a base structure to form an integrated structure that will provide support of equipment, structural integrity and floatability.

Description

Small scale LNG terminal
The invention regards a small scale LNG terminal and a method for manufacturing an LNG terminal. More specific the invention regards re-use of an LNG carrier.
Natural gas is a widely used hydrocarbon gas in private homes as well as in the industry, and is also used for electric power generation, as well as being used as fuel for transportation purposes. Natural gas is often piped from the gas production source to the consumers, but over longer distances transporting the natural gas at sea in liquid form (LNG) proves economically favorable. The ability to transport the gas in liquid form also enables provision of gas to distant markets, and LNG ship transportation is an established industry, representing a growing portion of the total natural gas transport worldwide.
Natural gas is a clean fuel compared to e.g. coal, oil and diesel, meaning emissions to air can be greatly reduced when replacing the consumption of coal or oil/diesel with natural gas, where such replacement can be made. Natural gas is also in many markets favorably priced compared to oil and diesel. There are hence strong drivers for increasing the consumption of natural gas, where natural gas can be made available, as long as there also are economic benefits associated with the natural gas consumption compared to the consumption of coal and oil/diesel. It is hence important to make technical solutions available that can provide natural gas to markets at competitive prices.
Land based LNG import terminals have been constructed worldwide for
regasification of LNG and provision of natural gas to consumers. Such land based LNG terminals are associated with significant capital investments. Hence, in the recent years, floating LNG import terminals have been built on basis of modified LNG carrier designs, which greatly reduces the capital investment related to the LNG import.
The object of the invention is to provide a small scale LNG terminal and a method for manufacturing such an LNG terminal which is cost effective.
The object of the invention is achieved by means of the patent claims. A small scale LNG terminal comprises:
- at least one LNG storage tank for storing LNG
- a hull structure comprised of a section of a (former) LNG carrier comprising a ship hull and providing support for the LNG storage tank,
- a base structure providing structural integrity. The LNG carrier is a traditional ship for transporting LNG in LNG storage tanks. The LNG storage tanks may be spherical tanks or membrane tanks or other suitable design. The hull of the LNG carrier supports the LNG storage tanks and comprises all necessary LNG handling equipment and machinery systems enabling the LNG transport.
A method for manufacturing an LNG terminal comprises converting an LNG carrier by sub-dividing the hull and tank system to obtain at least one unit which comprises:
• at least one LNG storage tank for storing LNG and
• a hull structure providing support for the LNG storage tank.
There is further provided a base structure combined with the LNG carrier unit to form an integrated structure that will provide support of equipment, structural integrity and floatability.
The LNG carrier can during the conversion be sub-divided into physically separate sections, where a section comprises one or more LNG storage tanks and associated hull supporting structure. The number of storage tanks can be adapted to the intended use and thus the need for storage capacity. Additional structures (the base structures) may be constructed and connected to the hull structure in order to provide the necessary floatability and structural integrity, as well as providing the required space for equipment installation. The base structure is shaped to give the LNG terminal the desired properties such as buoyancy and stability/centre of gravity.
In one embodiment the base structure and the hull structure form an integrated floating structure, having buoyancy for keeping the LNG terminal afloat. Desired properties may in this embodiment for example be flat bottom and shallow draft for floating in shallow waters, as well as sufficient base area to ensure appropriate stability. In another embodiment, the base structure is arranged to support the hull structure on the seabed.
In one aspect of the invention the LNG terminal further comprises equipment for loading LNG, regasification of LNG and discharge of natural gas, for distribution of such natural gas to consumers onshore. LNG regasification equipment may in one embodiment comprise ambient air vaporizers, or vaporizers using sea water as heating medium for regasifiaction, and other necessary or desired equipment for regasification. Equipment for distribution/provision of natural gas to consumers may in one embodiment be means or connections for connecting to piping or transporting vehicles.
In another aspect of the invention the LNG terminal may alternatively or
additionally comprise equipment for electrical power production for distribution of such electric power to consumers onshore. Electric power production equipment may in one embodiment comprise piston engines or gas turbines as generator drives, as well as other necessary or desired equipment for power production. As the LNG terminal is small scale, it is possible to locate it near the user, thus minimizing transport distances and hence reducing costs associated with delivery of natural gas and/or electric power to the user.
In another embodiment of the invention the LNG terminal may also comprise means for LNG storage and delivery of LNG as fuel to vessels or vehicles at sea or land.
The equipment and processes onboard the LNG terminal may be monitored and controlled by a control system.
The invention will now be described in more detail by means of examples and with reference to the accompanying figures.
Figure land 2 shows schematically an LNG carrier with four spherical tanks for transport of LNG. Figure 3 shows an example of an LNG terminal according to the invention being moved by a pusher tug.
Figure 4 shows another example of LNG terminal being moved by a pusher tug.
Figure 1 shows schematically an LNG carrier 10 with spherical tanks 12 for transport of LNG. The LNG carrier 10 is used for storage and transportation of LNG. The LNG carrier 1 comprises essentially a ship hull 1 1 , in which spherical LNG storage tanks 12 are provided, and a propulsion system 13 with engines, equipment for provision of fuel, propeller(s) etc. The LNG carrier 10 is considered well known for a skilled person and will not be described in detail herein.
According to the invention, an LNG carrier, for example of the type shown in figure 1, is divided into separate sections or units comprising at least one spherical LNG storage tank for storing LNG. In figure 2 an example is provided for sub-dividing the LNG carrier of figure 1 into several sections or units 21 a-21 d.
Each section or unit thus comprises one LNG storage tank and a hull structure providing support for the LNG storage tank.
Figure 3 shows an example of an LNG terminal 30 according to the invention being moved by a pusher tug 31. In this example the LNG terminal 30 is being used as a barge for transportation and storage of LNG at sea. The LNG terminal 30 comprises at least one LNG storage tank 32 for storing LNG and a barge hull 33. The barge hull 33 is constructed on basis of a section or unit of a hull structure of a (former) LNG carrier, and comprising such a unit with additional supporting structures which provides support, structural integrity and floatability of the LNG terminal. Figure 4 shows another example of LNG terminal 40 being moved by a pusher tug 41. In this example the LNG terminal is a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) which can store LNG and deliver natural gas by regasifying the liquid gas. The terminal 40 comprises at least one LNG storage tank 42, equipment for LNG regasification (which may comprise ambient air vaporizers) 43, as well as facilities for control and power production 44. The barge hull 45 is constructed on basis of a unit of a hull structure of a (former) LNG carrier, as in figure 3.

Claims

1. A small scale LNG terminal comprising:
- at least one LNG storage tank for storing LNG
- a hull structure comprised of a section of a (former) LNG carrier comprising a ship hull and providing support for the LNG storage tank,
- a base structure providing structural integrity.
2. LNG terminal according to claim 1 , where the base structure and the hull structure jointly form a floating structure having buoyancy and hydrostatic stability for keeping the LNG terminal afloat.
3. LNG terminal according to claim 1, where the base structure is arranged to support the hull structure at land.
4. LNG terminal according to claim 1, where the base structure is arranged to support the hull structure at the seabed.
5. LNG terminal according to claim 1, further comprising LNG regasification means and means for provision of natural gas to consumers.
6. LNG terminal according to claim 6, where the LNG regasification means comprises vaporizers using ambient air as heating medium for regasification of LNG.
7. LNG terminal according to claim 6, where the LNG regasification means comprises vaporizers using sea water as heating medium for regasification of LNG.
8. LNG terminal according to claim 1, comprising means for electric power production and means for provision of electric power to consumers.
9. LNG terminal according to claim 1 , comprising means for fuelling vessels or vehicles.
10. LNG terminal according to claim 1 , comprising means for loading and discharging LNG.
1 1. LNG terminal according to claim 1 , where the LNG storage tank(s) is a spherical tank.
12. LNG terminal according to claim 1 , where the LNG storage tank(s) is a membrane tank.
13. Method for manufacturing an LNG terminal, by converting an LNG carrier comprises sub-dividing the hull and tank system to obtain at least one unit comprising • at least one LNG storage tank for storing LNG and
• a hull structure providing support for the LNG storage tank,
and providing a base structure combined with the LNG carrier unit to form an integrated structure that will provide support of equipment, structural integrity and floatability.
14. LNG terminal according to claim 1 , where equipment and processes onboard the LNG terminal are monitored and controlled by a control system.
EP12705508.5A 2012-01-17 2012-01-17 Small scale lng terminal Withdrawn EP2805099A1 (en)

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WO2021086546A1 (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-06 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method of supplying lng from a supply hub using a dual purpose lng carrier and a smaller-volume storage at a receiving terminal

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US20070214805A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Macmillan Adrian Armstrong Onboard Regasification of LNG Using Ambient Air
WO2008033183A2 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Transporting and managing liquefied natural gas
EP2045506A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-08 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Offshore system for vaporizing a liquefied hydrocarbon stream, method of providing such a system, and method of vaporizing a liquefied hydrocarbon stream

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