EP2796676A1 - Device for deactivating combustion cylinders with control wheel - Google Patents

Device for deactivating combustion cylinders with control wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2796676A1
EP2796676A1 EP20140160742 EP14160742A EP2796676A1 EP 2796676 A1 EP2796676 A1 EP 2796676A1 EP 20140160742 EP20140160742 EP 20140160742 EP 14160742 A EP14160742 A EP 14160742A EP 2796676 A1 EP2796676 A1 EP 2796676A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camshaft
control wheel
wheel
control
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20140160742
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabien GOUZONNAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP2796676A1 publication Critical patent/EP2796676A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
    • F02D17/02—Cutting-out
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
    • F01L2001/0473—Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F01L2013/001—Deactivating cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the deactivation of cylinder (s) in combustion engines of motor vehicles.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a rotating deactivation system that is fast and reliable. Another object of the invention is to provide a rotating deactivation system that allows a deactivation and / or activation more spaced than each cycle of the engine.
  • a combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising a set of combustion cylinders and a set of valves respectively associated with these cylinders
  • the engine comprising a device for modifying the behavior of the valves which comprises a shaft a control wheel provided with at least one circumferential track and an actuator comprising a pin movable between a position where the pin is introduced into the circumferential track and a position where the pin is clear of the circumferential track, the wheel of command describing a displacement in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft during a rotation of the control wheel when the pin is engaged in the circumferential track
  • the valve behavior modification device comprising a drive arrangement of the rotational control wheel according to a rotation speed linearly dependent on the speed of rotation of the shaft with cams
  • the motor being characterized in that the driving arrangement of the rotary control wheel is configured to drive the control wheel according to a rotation speed linearly dependent on the rotational speed of the camshaft which Rotation speed of the control wheel is different from the rotational speed
  • control wheel is arranged coaxially with the camshaft.
  • the motor comprises a drive shaft which drives the control wheel in rotation, the drive shaft being distinct from the camshaft.
  • the drive shaft carries a drive wheel which meshes the control wheel.
  • control wheel is driven at a rotational speed equal to half the speed of rotation of the camshaft.
  • control wheel drives at least one cam of the camshaft moving in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft.
  • control wheel causes a displacement of a cam in a position causing a deactivation of a combustion cylinder associated with the cam.
  • the motor comprises a plurality of control wheels actuating respective cams, and the control wheels are arranged in such a way that the motor is able to implement an operating phase in which at least one combustion cylinder is deactivated at each cycle of the motor and said at least one deactivated cylinder is different from each cycle considered in the consecutive cycle during this phase.
  • control wheel has two circumferential tracks, one of the tracks causing a movement of the wheel (115) in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft and the other of the tracks holding the control wheel in a fixed position in reference. at a longitudinal direction to the camshaft.
  • the actuator has two pins which are arranged vis-à-vis respectively the two tracks of the control wheel (115) so that the pins are selectively operable in engagement of a respective track by the actuator.
  • FIG. 1 represents a rotating deactivation system according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure 2 is a detailed view of an assembly comprising a cam and a control wheel according to this same embodiment.
  • figure 1 a dispensing device comprising two camshafts 100 and 200 and a set of six cam blocks each forming two cams, of which three blocks 110, 120, 130 are mounted on the shaft 100 and three blocks 210, 220, 230 are mounted on the shaft 200.
  • Each block 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 comprises a cam 111, 121, 131, 211, 221, 231 and a respective circular ring 112, 122, 132, 212, 222, 232 both coaxial with the shaft. considered cam.
  • Each cam and its circular ring are integral with each other, so that they are integral in rotation to one another.
  • Each block 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 is further mounted free in translation on the shaft 100, 200 considered, for example by means of a longitudinal aliasing to the shaft, which ensures a blocking rotation of the block with the shaft while allowing a longitudinal translation of the block on the shaft.
  • each block of cams 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 comporte here an additional cam and an additional crown, so that the cams and the rings are here mounted on their respective shaft in a group of two cams and two crowns circular, the pair formed by an additional cam and an additional circular ring are not described in more detail here for the sake of clarity, but being similar to the pair described.
  • a not shown valve rod cooperates with cam 111 or with circular ring 112.
  • the cam 111 is adjoined by a cam of a smaller amplitude eccentric, so that when the cam block 110 is moved to the right, the valve is driven in a variable movement. and come on a reduced race.
  • the duration of the lifting of the valve can be modified by the action of the cam adjacent to the cam 111.
  • variable pitch the cam 111 is adjoined by a cam whose eccentric is angularly offset from that of the cam 111, so that when the block of cams 110 is moved to the right, the valve is driven in a back-and-forth movement offset in time.
  • Each block 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 is here controlled in reciprocating translation movement longitudinally to the camshaft which carries it.
  • the block 110 is moved to the right of the figure against a helical spring 113 which is then compressed between the block considered 110 and a collar 114 fixed on the shaft 100.
  • the collar 114 here consists of a circlip but it can alternatively be made of material with the shaft 100.
  • a control wheel 115 is disposed on a flank of the block 110 which is opposed to the spring 113.
  • the control wheel 115 itself undergoes reciprocal displacement in translation on the shaft 100.
  • the wheel 115 is mounted around the shaft 100 while having a freedom of rotation and translation relative to the shaft 100.
  • the wheel 115 has a toothed drive plate 116 and the rotation of the wheel 115 is ensured by a drive shaft 300 which meshes with the drive plate 116 via a toothed wheel 310 of this shaft 300.
  • the control wheel 115 further comprises a cylinder 117 which carries on its peripheral wall two grooves 118 and 119.
  • the grooves 118 and 119 are juxtaposed to one another and each of these grooves closes on itself in circulation. around the cylinder 117.
  • a first groove 118 describes a ring coaxial with the shaft 100.
  • the second groove 119 describes two successive sections, a first section forming a portion of a circle, for example a semicircle, concentric with the shaft 100. in a first plane perpendicular to the shaft 100 and the second section forming another portion of a circle, for example a semicircle, also concentric with the shaft 100 and lying in a second plane perpendicular to the shaft 100, the second plane being shifted from the first approaching the cam block 110.
  • These two semicircles of the groove 119 are joined by portions obliquely so that the groove 119 is also closed on itself.
  • An actuator 410 is disposed opposite the control cylinder 117, laterally to the latter.
  • the actuator 410 presents, vis-à-vis the two grooves 118 and 119, two respective pins 411 and 412, which are selectively controlled in displacement towards their respective grooves 118, 119 and spaced from it.
  • the pin 411 When the pin 411 is placed in the groove 118, the pin 412 is then extracted from the groove 119. In this situation, the control wheel 115 does not describe any movement back and forth during its rotation due to the configuration. in a ring perpendicular to the groove camshaft 118.
  • the control wheel 115 When the pin 412 is engaged in the groove 119, the pin 411 being this time extracted from the groove 118, the control wheel 115 then describes a longitudinal reciprocating movement between a position on the right corresponding to the presence of the pin in the first section of the groove 119 and a position on the left corresponding to the presence of the pin 412 in the second section.
  • control wheel 115 remains fixed axially or describes an axial reciprocating movement.
  • the actuator 410 is controlled for an output of the pin 411 or an output of the pin 412
  • the control wheel 115 remains fixed axially or describes an axial reciprocating movement.
  • the present control wheel 115 is rotated at a rotational speed which is two times lower than the rotational speed of each of the camshafts 100 and 200.
  • the drive shaft 300 is driven by the shaft 100 via a belt and pulleys not shown.
  • a ratio of the diameters of the gears 310 and 116 respectively of the drive shaft 300 and the control wheel 115 produces such a ratio of one half between the rotational speeds of the control wheel 115 and the shaft.
  • Cams 100 In a variant, such a gear ratio is implemented by a gear or a chain.
  • the drive shaft 300 is driven directly by the crankshaft of the engine.
  • the drive shaft 300 is driven directly by the second camshaft 200.
  • the wheel 115 has a rotational speed subject to the speed of rotation of the motor and the camshafts 100 and 200 with a speed ratio of rotation different from one with respect to the speed of rotation of the camshafts.
  • the speed of rotation of the control wheels has a value in revolutions per minute which is different from the speed of rotation in revolutions per minute of the shaft with cams.
  • the alternating activation grooves of the different control wheels are offset in angular positioning around the camshaft 100, so that the positions in the activated or deactivated situation of the three cams of the shaft 100 are such that a cam is deactivated by motor cycle, this cam being different at each cycle.
  • control wheel having two grooves corresponding to different modes of operation
  • control wheels have a single groove corresponding to a movement back and forth.
  • the cam blocks are not returned in position by a return spring, the control wheel being rendered integral in translation with the cam block, for example by adopting an extension of the cam block which passes through the control wheel. and retains the wheel while surrounding the camshaft, which extension remaining free in rotation with respect to the control wheel.
  • the rotational speed ratio between a control wheel and its associated cam is here a ratio of one to two, other rotational speed ratios can be adopted.
  • a speed of rotation of the control wheels which is four times lower than the speed of rotation of the camshafts. A given cam is then active two out of four consecutive revolutions when the corresponding back-and-forth activation pin is engaged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur à combustion de véhicule automobile comportant un dispositif de modification de comportement des soupapes (100, 115, 116, 117, 410) dans lequel une roue de commande (115) décrit un déplacement dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames (100), la roue de commande (115) étant entrainée selon une vitesse de rotation différente de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames (100).The invention relates to a motor vehicle combustion engine having a valve behavior modification device (100, 115, 116, 117, 410) in which a control wheel (115) describes a displacement in a longitudinal direction at the camshaft (100), the control wheel (115) being driven at a rotational speed different from the rotational speed of the camshaft (100).

Description

L'invention concerne la désactivation de cylindre(s) dans les moteurs à combustion de véhicules automobiles.The invention relates to the deactivation of cylinder (s) in combustion engines of motor vehicles.

Dans ce type de moteur, il s'agit de désactiver la distribution, c'est-à-dire les soupapes sur un cylindre ou plusieurs et de ce fait, pour produire la même puissance, il faut demander davantage de puissance aux autres cylindres restés actifs. Les cylindres restés actifs fonctionnent sur un point de fonctionnement avec un rendement meilleur, permettant au moteur de moins consommer.In this type of engine, it is a question of deactivating the distribution, that is to say the valves on a cylinder or several and thus, to produce the same power, it is necessary to ask more power with the other cylinders remained assets. The cylinders that remain active operate on an operating point with better efficiency, allowing the engine to consume less.

Les systèmes actuels reposent sur la désactivation d'un même cylindre de manière répétitive. S'ils sont relativement satisfaisants pour un moteur à quatre cylindres, par contre, pour un moteur à trois cylindres, la désactivation d'un même cylindre sur plusieurs cycles est source de vibrations très importantes. Afin de ne pas créer ces vibrations, il faut réaliser ce que l'on nomme une désactivation tournante. Autrement dit, c'est alternativement chaque cylindre qui est désactivé.Current systems rely on the deactivation of the same cylinder repeatedly. If they are relatively satisfactory for a four-cylinder engine, on the other hand, for a three-cylinder engine, the deactivation of the same cylinder over several cycles is a source of very significant vibrations. In order not to create these vibrations, it is necessary to realize what one names a rotating deactivation. In other words, it is alternately each cylinder which is deactivated.

Pour une telle désactivation tournante, plusieurs cylindres doivent donc être équipés d'un mécanisme de désactivation et celui-ci doit être capable de s'activer et de se désactiver des centaines de millions de fois dans la vie du véhicule. La fiabilité et la rapidité des mécanismes de désactivation est donc très importante.For such a rotating deactivation, several cylinders must be equipped with a deactivation mechanism and it must be able to activate and deactivate hundreds of millions of times in the life of the vehicle. The reliability and speed of the deactivation mechanisms is therefore very important.

Les systèmes de désactivation tournante proposés jusqu'à présent ont une rapidité et une fiabilité qui nécessitent d'être encore améliorées. De plus, ces systèmes nécessitent en général une désactivation et une activation par cycle moteur ce qui limite le champ des applications de tels systèmes.The rotating deactivation systems proposed so far have a speed and reliability that need to be further improved. In addition, these systems generally require deactivation and activation by motor cycle which limits the scope of applications of such systems.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un système de désactivation tournante qui soit rapide et fiable. Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un système de désactivation tournante qui permette une désactivation et/ou une activation de manière plus espacée qu'à chaque cycle du moteur.The object of the invention is to provide a rotating deactivation system that is fast and reliable. Another object of the invention is to provide a rotating deactivation system that allows a deactivation and / or activation more spaced than each cycle of the engine.

Ces buts sont atteints selon l'invention grâce à un moteur à combustion de véhicule automobile comprenant un jeu de cylindres de combustion et un jeu de soupapes associées respectivement à ces cylindres, le moteur comportant un dispositif de modification de comportement des soupapes lequel comprend un arbre à cames, une roue de commande munie d'au moins une piste circonférentielle et un actuateur comportant un pion mobile entre une position où le pion est introduit dans la piste circonférentielle et une position où le pion est dégagé de la piste circonférentielle, la roue de commande décrivant un déplacement dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames lors d'une rotation de la roue de commande lorsque le pion est engagé dans la piste circonférentielle, le dispositif de modification de comportement de soupape comprenant un aménagement d'entrainement de la roue de commande en rotation selon une vitesse de rotation dépendant linéairement de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames, le moteur étant caractérisé en ce que l'aménagement d'entrainement de la roue de commande en rotation est configuré pour entrainer la roue de commande selon une vitesse de rotation linéairement dépendante de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames laquelle vitesse de rotation de la roue de commande est différente de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames.These objects are achieved according to the invention by means of a combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising a set of combustion cylinders and a set of valves respectively associated with these cylinders, the engine comprising a device for modifying the behavior of the valves which comprises a shaft a control wheel provided with at least one circumferential track and an actuator comprising a pin movable between a position where the pin is introduced into the circumferential track and a position where the pin is clear of the circumferential track, the wheel of command describing a displacement in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft during a rotation of the control wheel when the pin is engaged in the circumferential track, the valve behavior modification device comprising a drive arrangement of the rotational control wheel according to a rotation speed linearly dependent on the speed of rotation of the shaft with cams, the motor being characterized in that the driving arrangement of the rotary control wheel is configured to drive the control wheel according to a rotation speed linearly dependent on the rotational speed of the camshaft which Rotation speed of the control wheel is different from the rotational speed of the camshaft.

Avantageusement, la roue de commande est disposée de manière coaxiale avec l'arbre à cames.Advantageously, the control wheel is arranged coaxially with the camshaft.

Avantageusement, le moteur comporte un arbre d'entrainement lequel entraine la roue de commande en rotation, l'arbre d'entrainement étant distinct de l'arbre à cames.Advantageously, the motor comprises a drive shaft which drives the control wheel in rotation, the drive shaft being distinct from the camshaft.

Avantageusement, l'arbre d'entrainement porte une roue d'entrainement laquelle engrène la roue de commande.Advantageously, the drive shaft carries a drive wheel which meshes the control wheel.

Avantageusement, la roue de commande est entrainée selon une vitesse rotation égale à la moitié de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames.Advantageously, the control wheel is driven at a rotational speed equal to half the speed of rotation of the camshaft.

Avantageusement, la roue de commande entraine au moins une came de l'arbre à cames en déplacement dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames.Advantageously, the control wheel drives at least one cam of the camshaft moving in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft.

Avantageusement, la roue de commande provoque un déplacement d'une came dans une position provoquant une désactivation d'un cylindre de combustion associé à la came.Advantageously, the control wheel causes a displacement of a cam in a position causing a deactivation of a combustion cylinder associated with the cam.

Avantageusement, le moteur comporte plusieurs roues de commande actionnant des cames respectives, et les roues de commande sont disposées de telle sorte que le moteur est apte à mettre en oeuvre une phase de fonctionnement où au moins un cylindre de combustion est désactivé à chaque cycle du moteur et ledit au moins un cylindre désactivé est différent de chaque cycle considéré au cycle consécutif pendant cette phase.Advantageously, the motor comprises a plurality of control wheels actuating respective cams, and the control wheels are arranged in such a way that the motor is able to implement an operating phase in which at least one combustion cylinder is deactivated at each cycle of the motor and said at least one deactivated cylinder is different from each cycle considered in the consecutive cycle during this phase.

Avantageusement, la roue de commande présente deux pistes circonférentielles, une des pistes provoquant un mouvement de la roue (115) dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames et l'autre des pistes maintenant la roue de commande dans une position fixe en référence à une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames.Advantageously, the control wheel has two circumferential tracks, one of the tracks causing a movement of the wheel (115) in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft and the other of the tracks holding the control wheel in a fixed position in reference. at a longitudinal direction to the camshaft.

Avantageusement, l'actuateur présente deux pions lesquels sont disposés en vis-à-vis respectivement des deux pistes de la roue de commande (115) de telle sorte que les pions sont actionnables sélectivement en engagement d'une piste respective par l'actuateur.Advantageously, the actuator has two pins which are arranged vis-à-vis respectively the two tracks of the control wheel (115) so that the pins are selectively operable in engagement of a respective track by the actuator.

D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de l'invention apparaitront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures in which:

- la figure 1 représente un système de désactivation tournante selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.- the figure 1 represents a rotating deactivation system according to one embodiment of the invention.

La figure 2 est une vue détaillée d'un ensemble comprenant une came et une roue de commande selon ce même mode de réalisation.The figure 2 is a detailed view of an assembly comprising a cam and a control wheel according to this same embodiment.

On a représenté à la figure 1 un dispositif de distribution comprenant deux arbres à cames 100 et 200 ainsi qu'un jeu de six blocs de came formant chacun deux cames, dont trois blocs 110, 120, 130 sont montées sur l'arbre 100 et trois blocs 210, 220, 230 sont montées sur l'arbre 200.We have shown figure 1 a dispensing device comprising two camshafts 100 and 200 and a set of six cam blocks each forming two cams, of which three blocks 110, 120, 130 are mounted on the shaft 100 and three blocks 210, 220, 230 are mounted on the shaft 200.

Chaque bloc 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 comporte une came 111, 121, 131, 211, 221, 231 et une couronne circulaire respective 112, 122, 132, 212, 222, 232 tous deux coaxiaux à l'arbre à cames considéré. Chaque came et sa couronne circulaire sont monobloc l'une avec l'autre, de sorte qu'elles sont solidaires en rotation l'une à l'autre.Each block 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 comprises a cam 111, 121, 131, 211, 221, 231 and a respective circular ring 112, 122, 132, 212, 222, 232 both coaxial with the shaft. considered cam. Each cam and its circular ring are integral with each other, so that they are integral in rotation to one another.

Chaque bloc 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 est en outre monté libre en translation sur l'arbre 100, 200 considéré, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un crénelage longitudinal à l'arbre, lequel permet d'assurer une solidarisation en rotation du bloc avec l'arbre tout en permettant une translation longitudinale du bloc sur l'arbre.Each block 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 is further mounted free in translation on the shaft 100, 200 considered, for example by means of a longitudinal aliasing to the shaft, which ensures a blocking rotation of the block with the shaft while allowing a longitudinal translation of the block on the shaft.

On notera que chaque bloc de cames 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230comporte ici une came supplémentaire et une couronne supplémentaire, de sorte que les cames et les couronnes sont ici montées sur leur arbre respectif par groupe de deux cames et deux couronnes circulaires, le couple formé d'une came supplémentaire et d'une couronne circulaire supplémentaires n'étant pas décrits plus en détail ici pour la clarté de la description, mais étant similaires au couple décrit.Note that each block of cams 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230comporte here an additional cam and an additional crown, so that the cams and the rings are here mounted on their respective shaft in a group of two cams and two crowns circular, the pair formed by an additional cam and an additional circular ring are not described in more detail here for the sake of clarity, but being similar to the pair described.

Selon que le bloc considéré, par exemple le bloc 110, est dans sa position à droite ou dans sa position à gauche, une tringle de soupape non représentée coopère avec la came 111 ou avec la couronne circulaire 112. Ainsi, lorsque le bloc de cames 110 est en position à droite, la soupape n'est plus entrainée et reste immobile. Selon une variante mettant en oeuvre une levée variable, la came 111 est jouxtée par une came de plus faible ampleur en excentrique, de sorte que lorsque le bloc de cames 110 est déplacé vers la droite, la soupape est entrainée selon un mouvement de va-et-vient sur une course réduite. Selon une autre variante, la durée de la levée de la soupape peut être modifiée par l'action de la came jouxtant la came 111. Selon encore une autre variante, à calage variable, la came 111 est jouxtée par une came dont l'excentrique est décalé angulairement par rapport à celui de la came 111, de sorte que lorsque le bloc de cames 110 est déplacé vers la droite, la soupape est entrainée selon un mouvement de va-et-vient décalé dans le temps.Depending on whether the block considered, for example block 110, is in its right-hand or left-hand position, a not shown valve rod cooperates with cam 111 or with circular ring 112. Thus, when the block of cams 110 is in the right position, the valve is no longer driven and remains stationary. According to a variant implementing a variable lift, the cam 111 is adjoined by a cam of a smaller amplitude eccentric, so that when the cam block 110 is moved to the right, the valve is driven in a variable movement. and come on a reduced race. According to another variant, the duration of the lifting of the valve can be modified by the action of the cam adjacent to the cam 111. According to yet another variant, variable pitch, the cam 111 is adjoined by a cam whose eccentric is angularly offset from that of the cam 111, so that when the block of cams 110 is moved to the right, the valve is driven in a back-and-forth movement offset in time.

Chaque bloc 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 est ici commandé selon un mouvement alternatif de translation longitudinalement à l'arbre à cames qui le porte. Ainsi, le bloc 110 est déplacé vers la droite de la figure à l'encontre d'un ressort hélicoïdal 113 qui est alors compressé entre le bloc considéré 110 et un collier 114 fixé sur l'arbre 100. Le collier 114 est ici constitué d'un circlip mais il peut en variante être venu de matière avec l'arbre 100.Each block 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 is here controlled in reciprocating translation movement longitudinally to the camshaft which carries it. Thus, the block 110 is moved to the right of the figure against a helical spring 113 which is then compressed between the block considered 110 and a collar 114 fixed on the shaft 100. The collar 114 here consists of a circlip but it can alternatively be made of material with the shaft 100.

Pour le déplacement alternatif du bloc 110, une roue de commande 115 est disposée sur un flanc du bloc 110 qui est opposé au ressort 113. La roue de commande 115 subit elle-même un déplacement alternatif en translation sur l'arbre 100. La roue de commande 115 est montée autour de l'arbre 100 tout en ayant une liberté de rotation et de translation par rapport à l'arbre 100. La roue 115 présente un plateau d'entrainement denté 116 et la rotation de la roue 115 est assurée par un arbre d'entrainement 300 qui engrène le plateau d'entrainement 116 par l'intermédiaire d'une roue dentée 310 de cet arbre 300.For the reciprocating movement of the block 110, a control wheel 115 is disposed on a flank of the block 110 which is opposed to the spring 113. The control wheel 115 itself undergoes reciprocal displacement in translation on the shaft 100. The wheel 115 is mounted around the shaft 100 while having a freedom of rotation and translation relative to the shaft 100. The wheel 115 has a toothed drive plate 116 and the rotation of the wheel 115 is ensured by a drive shaft 300 which meshes with the drive plate 116 via a toothed wheel 310 of this shaft 300.

La roue de commande 115 comporte en outre un cylindre 117 lequel porte sur sa paroi périphérique deux sillons 118 et 119. Les sillons 118 et 119 sont juxtaposés l'un à l'autre et chacun de ces sillons se referme sur lui-même en circulation autour du cylindre 117. Un premier sillon 118 décrit un anneau coaxial à l'arbre 100. Le deuxième sillon 119 décrit deux tronçons successifs, un premier tronçon formant une portion de cercle, par exemple un demi-cercle, concentrique à l'arbre 100 dans un premier plan perpendiculaire à l'arbre 100 et le deuxième tronçon formant une autre portion de cercle, par exemple un demi-cercle, également concentrique à l'arbre 100 et se trouvant dans un deuxième plan perpendiculaire à l'arbre 100, le deuxième plan étant décalé du premier en rapprochement du bloc de cames 110. Ces deux demi-cercles du sillon 119 se rejoignent par des portions à l'oblique de sorte que le sillon 119 est lui aussi refermé sur lui-même.The control wheel 115 further comprises a cylinder 117 which carries on its peripheral wall two grooves 118 and 119. The grooves 118 and 119 are juxtaposed to one another and each of these grooves closes on itself in circulation. around the cylinder 117. A first groove 118 describes a ring coaxial with the shaft 100. The second groove 119 describes two successive sections, a first section forming a portion of a circle, for example a semicircle, concentric with the shaft 100. in a first plane perpendicular to the shaft 100 and the second section forming another portion of a circle, for example a semicircle, also concentric with the shaft 100 and lying in a second plane perpendicular to the shaft 100, the second plane being shifted from the first approaching the cam block 110. These two semicircles of the groove 119 are joined by portions obliquely so that the groove 119 is also closed on itself.

Un actuateur 410 est disposé en regard du cylindre de commande 117, latéralement à ce dernier. L'actuateur 410 présente en vis-à-vis des deux sillons 118 et 119 deux pions respectifs 411 et 412, lesquels sont commandés sélectivement en déplacement vers leur sillon respectif 118, 119 et en écartement de celui-ci.An actuator 410 is disposed opposite the control cylinder 117, laterally to the latter. The actuator 410 presents, vis-à-vis the two grooves 118 and 119, two respective pins 411 and 412, which are selectively controlled in displacement towards their respective grooves 118, 119 and spaced from it.

Lorsque le pion 411 est placé dans le sillon 118, le pion 412 est alors extrait du sillon 119. Dans cette situation, la roue de commande 115 ne décrit aucun mouvement de va-et-vient au cours de sa rotation du fait de la configuration en anneau perpendiculaire à l'arbre à cames du sillon 118.When the pin 411 is placed in the groove 118, the pin 412 is then extracted from the groove 119. In this situation, the control wheel 115 does not describe any movement back and forth during its rotation due to the configuration. in a ring perpendicular to the groove camshaft 118.

Lorsque le pion 412 est engagé dans le sillon 119, le pion 411 étant cette fois extrait du sillon 118, la roue de commande 115 décrit alors un mouvement de va-et-vient longitudinal entre une position à droite correspondant à la présence du pion dans le premier tronçon du sillon 119 et une position à gauche correspondant à la présence du pion 412 dans le deuxième tronçon.When the pin 412 is engaged in the groove 119, the pin 411 being this time extracted from the groove 118, the control wheel 115 then describes a longitudinal reciprocating movement between a position on the right corresponding to the presence of the pin in the first section of the groove 119 and a position on the left corresponding to the presence of the pin 412 in the second section.

Ainsi, selon que l'actuateur 410 est commandé pour une sortie du pion 411 ou une sortie du pion 412, la roue de commande 115 reste fixe axialement ou décrit un mouvement de va-et-vient axial. Ainsi il est possible de commander chaque cylindre en désactivation répétitive ou en maintien actif permanent du cylindre considéré.Thus, depending on whether the actuator 410 is controlled for an output of the pin 411 or an output of the pin 412, the control wheel 115 remains fixed axially or describes an axial reciprocating movement. Thus it is possible to control each cylinder in repetitive deactivation or permanent active maintenance of the cylinder in question.

La présente roue de commande 115 est entrainée en rotation à une vitesse de rotation qui est deux fois inférieure à la vitesse de rotation de chacun des arbres à cames 100 et 200. Pour cela, l'arbre d'entrainement 300 est entrainé par l'arbre 100 par l'intermédiaire d'une courroie et de poulies non représentées. Un rapport de diamètres de des roues dentées 310 et 116 respectivement de l'arbre d'entrainement 300 et de la roue de commande 115 produit un tel rapport de moitié entre les vitesses de rotation de la roue de commande 115 et de l'arbre à cames 100. En variante, un tel rapport de vitesses est mis en oeuvre par un engrenage ou une chaine. En variante également, l'arbre d'entrainement 300 est entrainé directement par le vilebrequin du moteur. En variante également, l'arbre d'entrainement 300 est entrainé directement par le second arbre à cames 200.The present control wheel 115 is rotated at a rotational speed which is two times lower than the rotational speed of each of the camshafts 100 and 200. For this, the drive shaft 300 is driven by the shaft 100 via a belt and pulleys not shown. A ratio of the diameters of the gears 310 and 116 respectively of the drive shaft 300 and the control wheel 115 produces such a ratio of one half between the rotational speeds of the control wheel 115 and the shaft. Cams 100. In a variant, such a gear ratio is implemented by a gear or a chain. Alternatively also, the drive shaft 300 is driven directly by the crankshaft of the engine. Alternatively also, the drive shaft 300 is driven directly by the second camshaft 200.

Ainsi, la roue 115 présente une vitesse de rotation assujettie à la vitesse de rotation du moteur et des arbres à cames 100 et 200 avec un rapport de vitesse de rotation différent de un par rapport à la vitesse de rotation des arbres à cames.Thus, the wheel 115 has a rotational speed subject to the speed of rotation of the motor and the camshafts 100 and 200 with a speed ratio of rotation different from one with respect to the speed of rotation of the camshafts.

Ainsi, tout en ayant une vitesse de rotation linéairement dépendante de la vitesse des arbres à cames, la vitesse de rotation des roues de commande présente une valeur en tours par minute qui est différente de la vitesse de rotation en tours par minute de l'arbre à cames.Thus, while having a rotation speed linearly dependent on the speed of the camshafts, the speed of rotation of the control wheels has a value in revolutions per minute which is different from the speed of rotation in revolutions per minute of the shaft with cams.

De ce fait, lorsque le pion 412 correspondant au mouvement de va-et-vient axial est engagé dans la roue de commande 115, la roue de commande se trouve en position droite pour une révolution d'arbre à cames donnée, puis la roue de commande se trouve en position gauche pour la révolution d'arbre à cames suivante, avant de reprendre sa position droite pour la révolution encore ultérieure. Chaque bloc de cames 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 étant actionné par une roue de commande respective qui est semblable à la roue décrite ci-dessus, chaque came considérée prend donc une position différente selon les révolutions successives sans qu'un actuateur correspondant n'ait à changer d'état, mettant ainsi en oeuvre une désactivation alternée de soupape sans intervention d'un actionneur entre les activations et désactivations successives.As a result, when the pin 412 corresponding to the axial reciprocating movement is engaged in the control wheel 115, the control wheel is in the upright position for a given camshaft revolution, and The control is in the left position for the next cam revolution, before resuming its upright position for further revolution. Each block of cams 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, 230 being actuated by a respective control wheel which is similar to the wheel described above, each cam considered therefore takes a different position according to the successive revolutions without a corresponding actuator has to change state, thus implementing an alternating valve deactivation without intervention of an actuator between the successive activations and deactivations.

Les sillons d'activation alternée des différentes roues de commande, conformes au sillon 119, sont décalés en positionnement angulaire autour de l'arbre à cames 100, de sorte que les positionnements en situation activée ou désactivée des trois cames de l'arbre 100 sont tels qu'une came est désactivée par cycle moteur, cette came étant différente à chaque cycle. L'arbre 100 actionnant ici les soupapes d'admission et l'arbre 200 actionnant les soupapes d'échappement, une même désactivation tournante des cames est mise en oeuvre sur l'arbre 200, de sorte que les cylindres sont désactivés par désactivation simultanée de leur soupape d'admission et de leur soupape d'échappement.The alternating activation grooves of the different control wheels, corresponding to the groove 119, are offset in angular positioning around the camshaft 100, so that the positions in the activated or deactivated situation of the three cams of the shaft 100 are such that a cam is deactivated by motor cycle, this cam being different at each cycle. The shaft 100 actuating here the intake valves and the shaft 200 actuating the exhaust valves, the same rotating deactivation of the cams is implemented on the shaft 200, so that the cylinders are deactivated by simultaneous deactivation of their intake valve and their exhaust valve.

Bien que l'on ait décrit ici une roue de commande ayant deux sillons correspondant à des modes de fonctionnement différents, en variante les roues de commande présentent un seul sillon correspondant à un mouvement de va et vient. En variante encore, les blocs de cames ne sont pas rappelés en position par un ressort de rappel, la roue de commande étant rendue solidaire en translation avec le bloc de cames par exemple en adoptant une extension du bloc de came laquelle traverse la roue de commande et retient la roue tout en entourant l'arbre à cames, laquelle extension restant libre en rotation par rapport à la roue de commande.Although there has been described here a control wheel having two grooves corresponding to different modes of operation, alternatively the control wheels have a single groove corresponding to a movement back and forth. In another variant, the cam blocks are not returned in position by a return spring, the control wheel being rendered integral in translation with the cam block, for example by adopting an extension of the cam block which passes through the control wheel. and retains the wheel while surrounding the camshaft, which extension remaining free in rotation with respect to the control wheel.

L'absence de mouvement répétitif d'un actionneur électrique à chaque cycle moteur diminue le nombre de pièces de commandes sollicitées et ainsi fiabilise les cycles d'activation et désactivation tout en les rendant plus rapides.The absence of repetitive movement of an electric actuator at each motor cycle reduces the number of parts requested commands and thus makes the activation and deactivation cycles more reliable while making them faster.

Bien que le rapport de vitesses de rotation entre une roue de commande et sa came associée soit ici un rapport de un à deux, d'autres rapports de vitesse de rotation peuvent être adoptés. Ainsi, on adopte en variante une vitesse de rotation des roues de commande qui est quatre fois plus faible que la vitesse de rotation des arbres à cames. Une came donnée est alors active deux révolutions consécutives sur quatre lorsque le pion d'activation de va-et-vient correspondant est engagé.Although the rotational speed ratio between a control wheel and its associated cam is here a ratio of one to two, other rotational speed ratios can be adopted. Thus, alternatively adopts a speed of rotation of the control wheels which is four times lower than the speed of rotation of the camshafts. A given cam is then active two out of four consecutive revolutions when the corresponding back-and-forth activation pin is engaged.

Claims (10)

Moteur à combustion de véhicule automobile comprenant un jeu de cylindres de combustion et un jeu de soupapes associées respectivement à ces cylindres, le moteur comportant un dispositif de modification de comportement des soupapes (100,115,116,117,410) lequel comprend un arbre à cames (100,200), une roue de commande (115) munie d'au moins une piste circonférentielle (118,119) et un actuateur (410) comportant un pion mobile (411,412) entre une position où le pion (411,412) est introduit dans la piste circonférentielle (118,119) et une position où le pion (411,412) est dégagé de la piste circonférentielle (118,119), la roue de commande (115) décrivant un déplacement dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames (100) lors d'une rotation de la roue de commande (115) lorsque le pion (411,412) est engagé dans la piste circonférentielle (118,119), le dispositif de modification de comportement de soupape (100,115,116,117,410) comprenant un aménagement d'entrainement (300,310,116) de la roue de commande (115) en rotation selon une vitesse de rotation dépendant linéairement de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames (100,200), le moteur étant caractérisé en ce que l'aménagement d'entrainement (300,310,116) de la roue de commande (115) en rotation est configuré pour entrainer la roue de commande (115) selon une vitesse de rotation linéairement dépendante de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames (100,200) laquelle vitesse de rotation de la roue de commande (115) est différente de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames (100, 200).Motor vehicle combustion engine comprising a set of combustion cylinders and a set of valves respectively associated with these cylinders, the engine comprising a device for modifying the behavior of the valves (100,115,116,117,410) which comprises a camshaft (100,200), a wheel controller (115) provided with at least one circumferential track (118,119) and an actuator (410) having a movable pin (411,412) between a position where the pin (411,412) is introduced into the circumferential track (118,119) and a position wherein the pin (411,412) is clear of the circumferential track (118,119), the control wheel (115) describing displacement in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft (100) upon rotation of the control wheel ( 115) when the pin (411,412) is engaged in the circumferential track (118,119), the valve behavior modifying device (100,115,116,117,410) including a drive arrangement ( 300,310,116) of the control wheel (115) rotated according to a rotational speed linearly dependent on the rotational speed of the camshaft (100,200), the motor being characterized in that the drive arrangement (300,310,116) of the control wheel (115) in rotation is configured to drive the control wheel (115) at a rotation speed linearly dependent on the rotation speed of the camshaft (100,200) which rotational speed of the wheel of control (115) is different from the rotational speed of the camshaft (100, 200). Moteur à combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la roue de commande (115) est disposée de manière coaxiale avec l'arbre à cames (100,200).Combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the control wheel (115) is arranged coaxially with the camshaft (100,200). Moteur à combustion selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un arbre d'entrainement (300) lequel entraine la roue de commande (115) en rotation, l'arbre d'entrainement (300) étant distinct de l'arbre à cames (100,200).Combustion engine according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a drive shaft (300) which drives the control wheel (115) in rotation, the drive shaft (300) being separate of the camshaft (100,200). Moteur à combustion selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre d'entrainement (300) porte une roue d'entrainement (310) laquelle engrène la roue de commande (115).Combustion engine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the drive shaft (300) carries a drive wheel (310) which meshes with the control wheel (115). Moteur à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue de commande (115) est entrainée selon une vitesse rotation égale à la moitié de la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre à cames (100,200).Combustion engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control wheel (115) is driven at a rotation speed equal to half the rotational speed of the camshaft (100,200). Moteur à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue de commande (115) entraine au moins une came (111,121,131,211,221,231) de l'arbre à cames (100,200) en déplacement dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames (100,200).Combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control wheel (115) drives at least one cam (111,121,131,211,221,231) of the camshaft (100,200) moving in a longitudinal direction to the camshaft (100,200). Moteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue de commande (115) provoque un déplacement d'une came (111,121,131,211,221,231) dans une position provoquant une désactivation d'un cylindre de combustion associé à la came (111,121,131,211,221,231).Engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control wheel (115) causes a displacement of a cam (111,121,131,211,221,231) in a position causing a deactivation of a combustion cylinder associated with the cam (111,121,131,211,221,231) . Moteur selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs roues de commande (115) actionnant des cames respectives (111,121,131,211,221,231), et les roues de commande (115) sont disposées de telle sorte que le moteur est apte à mettre en oeuvre une phase de fonctionnement où au moins un cylindre de combustion est désactivé à chaque cycle du moteur et ledit au moins un cylindre désactivé est différent de chaque cycle considéré au cycle consécutif pendant cette phase.Motor according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of control wheels (115) actuating respective cams (111,121,131,211,221,231), and the control wheels (115) are arranged in such a way that the engine is able to implement an operating phase wherein at least one combustion cylinder is deactivated at each cycle of the engine and said at least one deactivated cylinder is different from each cycle considered at the following cycle during this phase. Moteur à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue de commande (115) présente deux pistes circonférentielles (118,119), une des pistes (119) provoquant un mouvement de la roue (115) dans une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames (100) et l'autre des pistes (118) maintenant la roue de commande (115) dans une position fixe en référence à une direction longitudinale à l'arbre à cames (100,200).Combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control wheel (115) has two circumferential tracks (118,119), one of the tracks (119) causing movement of the wheel (115) in a longitudinal direction. to the camshaft (100) and the other of the tracks (118) holding the drive wheel (115) in a fixed position with reference to a longitudinal direction to the camshaft (100,200). Moteur à combustion selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'actuateur (410) présente deux pions (411,412) lesquels sont disposés en vis-à-vis respectivement des deux pistes (118,119) de la roue de commande (115) de telle sorte que les pions (411,412) sont actionnables sélectivement en engagement d'une piste respective (118,119) par l'actuateur (410).Combustion engine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the actuator (410) has two pins (411,412) which are arranged vis-a-vis respectively of the two tracks (118,119) of the control wheel (115) of such so that the pins (411,412) are selectively operable by engagement of a respective track (118,119) by the actuator (410).
EP20140160742 2013-04-26 2014-03-19 Device for deactivating combustion cylinders with control wheel Withdrawn EP2796676A1 (en)

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FR1353842A FR3005112B1 (en) 2013-04-26 2013-04-26 DEVICE FOR DISENGAGING COMBUSTION CYLINDERS WITH CONTROL WHEEL

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