EP2792429A1 - Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head - Google Patents
Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head Download PDFInfo
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- EP2792429A1 EP2792429A1 EP13002074.6A EP13002074A EP2792429A1 EP 2792429 A1 EP2792429 A1 EP 2792429A1 EP 13002074 A EP13002074 A EP 13002074A EP 2792429 A1 EP2792429 A1 EP 2792429A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thread
- workpiece
- profile
- axial
- rolling head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
- B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
- B21H3/04—Making by means of profiled-rolls or die rolls
- B21H3/042—Thread-rolling heads
- B21H3/044—Thread-rolling heads working axially
Definitions
- the invention relates to an axial thread rolling head, comprising a head part, in which at least three thread rollers are rotatably mounted, wherein the thread rollers define an insertion section for a workpiece between them, and wherein the thread rollers each have a profile for forming an external thread on the workpiece.
- the invention also relates to a method of forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head.
- Axialgewinderollkö With such Axialgewinderollköpfen be produced by cold forming external thread on usually cylindrical workpieces.
- the thread rollers have a profile at their periphery.
- the workpiece is introduced in the course of a relative movement between the Axialgewinderollkopf and the workpiece in the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes, wherein the external thread is produced by the profile of the thread rollers.
- Axial thread rolling heads are known in which, after complete formation of the external thread on the workpiece, in particular complete insertion of the workpiece into the insertion section of the axial thread rolling head, the axial thread rolling head is opened by a mechanical actuating mechanism. The threaded rollers are moved radially outward and the Axialgewinderollkopf can be deducted from the workpiece without the thread rollers collide with the workpiece, so get into engagement. This results in a simple processing with precisely manufactured external threads.
- a disadvantage is a comparatively large space requirement for the radial movement of the thread roller bearing including the threaded rollers disposed thereon in the working space of the processing machine.
- This workspace must of course also include the workpiece contour.
- the Actuating mechanism for radially adjusting the thread rollers outward in the Axialgewinderollkopf even a considerable space required. Due to the increasingly desired component reduction, for example in the automotive sector, the space available during machining becomes ever smaller. An example is the production of external threads on cylindrical lugs of fuel injection strips of an automobile. At the trained external threads pressure lines can be connected. Due in part to the enormous operating pressures, there are very high demands on the accuracy and thus tightness of the threads produced.
- the invention is based on the cited prior art, therefore, the object to provide a Axialgewinderollkopf and a method of the type mentioned, with which relatively large diameter can be made reliably and precisely in the given manner with small outer dimensions of the Axialgewinderollkopfes.
- the invention solves the problem on the one hand by a Axialgewindeollkopf comprising a head part in which at least three thread rollers are rotatably mounted, wherein the thread rollers define an insertion section for a workpiece between them, and wherein the thread rollers each have a profile for forming an external thread on the workpiece wherein the thread rollers are held in the radial direction unadjustable in the head part, and wherein the profile of the thread rollers is in each case asymmetrically formed so that the thread rollers form a symmetrical external thread with its asymmetrical profile on the workpiece.
- the Axialgewindeollkopf may also include a shaft which holds the head part.
- the thread rollers also called profile rollers, limit the axial thread rolling head according to the invention in a manner known per se between itself an insertion section for a cylindrical workpiece to be machined, for example.
- the thread rollers By a suitable relative movement between Axialgewinderollkopf and workpiece, the workpiece is inserted into the insertion section, wherein the cross section of the workpiece is so large that engages the profile of the thread rollers in the outer surface of the workpiece and is created by cold deformation, an external thread in the workpiece.
- the thread rollers in a conventional manner have a profile extending over its circumference.
- the thread rollers have a profile formed from pitch-free tread grooves, so a groove profile.
- the spacing of the grooves corresponds to the pitch of the thread to be formed on the workpiece.
- three threaded rollers can be provided, which are each provided at 120 ° spaced from one another over the circumference of the insertion section.
- the axial thread rolling head according to the invention is non-opening.
- no actuating mechanism is provided, which moves the thread rollers in the radial direction after the external thread has been formed on the workpiece. Rather, the thread rollers are unadjustable in the radial direction, that is fixedly arranged in the Axialgewinderollkopf.
- the cross section of the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes is therefore unchangeable in the axial thread rolling head according to the invention, except for an inevitable springing of the thread rolls in the course of processing.
- an unavoidable springing up of the thread rolls in the course of processing is taken into account and compensated according to the invention in that the thread rolls have a suitable asymmetrical profile or groove profile.
- the thread rolls have a suitable asymmetrical profile or groove profile.
- opposite profile flanks are therefore not mirror-symmetrical, in particular with respect to a radial direction through the bottom or the lowest point between the profile flanks running straight line.
- the asymmetric profile according to the invention is adapted so that it forms a symmetrical thread profile on the workpiece taking into account the expected on the respective material and cross section of the workpiece to be machined on the one hand and the constructive Gepressionnism the Axialgewinderollkopfs, in particular its dimensions, on the other expected springback of the thread rolls.
- the inventive design of the Axialgewinderollkopfes it is possible to work in a precise manner and workpieces with a relatively large cross-section using a Axialgewinderollkopfes with a relatively small outer contour reshaping.
- the required space is reduced compared to the prior art because the axial thread rolling head is non-opening.
- the asymmetric formation of the profile of the thread rolls ensures that the thread formed on the workpiece is precisely symmetrical. It will thus reliably and precisely produced the desired external thread.
- the design boundary conditions of the axial thread rolling head in particular, for example, materials and material thicknesses, it is ensured that the requirements with regard to function, strength and service life are reliably met.
- the life of the Axialgewinderollkopfes and its thread rolls can be ensured by the choice of a suitable material and a corresponding heat treatment.
- the profile of the external thread to be produced is therefore completely formed only by insertion into and removal of the workpiece from the insertion section.
- deformation is also carried out when the workpiece is being removed.
- the insertion or removal refers to a relative movement between the workpiece and Axialgewinderollkopf, in the course of which the workpiece is inserted into the insertion or out of the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes.
- a movement of the Axialgewinderollkopfes or the workpiece is possible.
- a movement of both Axialgewinderollkopf and workpiece is possible.
- the profile of the thread rolls can each form a pointed profile with straight flanks.
- the profile flanks are each in a straight plane, wherein the planes of the mutually opposite profile flanks are at an angle to each other.
- the angle formed between two opposing profile flanks is less than 90 °.
- adjacent profile flanks can merge into one another in a rounded head area.
- mutually opposite profile edges can merge into one another in a likewise rounded bottom region.
- a leading flank angle of the profile of the thread rolls is in each case in a range between 28.0 ° and 30.0 °, preferably 29.5 °.
- a trailing edge angle The profile of the thread rolls can then each be in a range between 30.0 ° and 32.0 °, preferably 31.0 °.
- a leading edge angle in this context, the angle between the leading during insertion of the workpiece into the insertion section and a flanks extending through the bottom or lowest point between mutually opposite profile edges radials.
- the angle between the leading edge of the profile opposite, the trailing in the insertion section trailing profile flanks, and extending through the bottom or lowest point between opposing profile flanks radial is referred to as the trailing edge angle.
- the leading flank angle and the trailing flank angle are different according to the invention, so that the profile has the above-described asymmetry. If the mutually opposite profile flanks, ie leading and trailing profile flanks, are not in a respective straight plane, but have a curvature, for example, the angles can each be formed between a tangent, for example, halfway up the curved profile flanks, and the respective radials.
- the thread pitch is the distance between the center of two adjacent thread sections in the direction of the thread roll longitudinal axis.
- the thread pitch corresponds to the thread pitch, ie the distance in the direction of the threaded roller longitudinal axis about which, for example a nut would move on the thread at a full turn 360 °.
- the thread pitch or the thread pitch may not be too large, especially for small Axialgewinderollköpfen, which in particular have a small diameter and thus usually a small wall thickness.
- a ratio between the diameter of the thread rolls and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined may each be less than 1.4.
- a ratio between the diameter of the at least partially cylindrical portion of the head portion and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined may be smaller than 3.8.
- the head part can be made up of several sections.
- the head part can also have a plurality of cylindrical sections.
- the at least partially cylindrical portion referred to in the aforementioned embodiments is the thread roller supporting portion having the largest cross section or diameter.
- the head part may comprise a base portion and a top plate attached to the base portion.
- the top plate provides additional stability of the axial thread rolling head and reduces spring deflection of the thread rolls.
- the threaded rollers can be rotatably mounted in the base portion and / or the top plate and kept unadjustable in the radial direction.
- the base portion may be integrally formed. In particular, it may comprise one or more cylindrical sections of the head part.
- the one-piece design of the head part results in the non-opening Axialgewinderollkopf invention to a particularly high stability and load capacity during operation.
- the thread rollers can be fixed in each case between a stop surface of the base portion and a stop surface of the top plate in the axial direction.
- the threaded rollers may also be rotatably mounted on axle pins held in the base section. These are also particularly practical embodiments.
- corresponding receptacles may be provided in the base portion and in the top plate.
- the longitudinal axes of the axle pins are inclined relative to the insertion direction of the workpiece in the insertion, such that the insertion section tapers in the insertion direction of the workpiece.
- the top plate is screwed by a plurality of fitting screws with the base portion.
- the thread rolls arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the thread rolls each have a first asymmetric profile section and a second asymmetric profile section for forming an external thread on a workpiece, wherein the thread rollers each with either the first profile section or the second profile section can be aligned with the entrance of the insertion section to form an external thread with either the first profile section or the second profile section on the workpiece.
- the profiles are formed twice on each thread roll, in the opposite direction, starting from the two end faces of the thread rolls or starting from the middle of the thread rolls. It can then, depending on the direction in which the thread rollers are inserted into the head part, the first or the second profile section are used for thread forming on the workpiece.
- the length of the thread rollers is designed such that a complete shaping of the thread to be produced on the workpiece is possible without the respectively in the insertion direction of the workpiece rear of the two profile sections comes into engagement with the workpiece.
- the first Profile section and the second profile section in each case be mirror-symmetrical to a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the respective thread roller.
- the first profile section and the second profile section are each not mirror-symmetrical to a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the respective thread roller, so are formed differently. As a result, a greater flexibility in the machining is achieved, since the two profile section can be adapted for processing different workpieces.
- the invention also relates to a method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head according to the invention, in which the workpiece is introduced by a relative movement between the workpiece and Axialgewinderollkopf in the axial direction in the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes and again led out of this, said by the asymmetric profile the thread rolling both during insertion of the workpiece in the insertion and when leading out the workpiece from the insertion takes place a shaping processing of the external thread of the workpiece.
- the axial thread rolling head according to the invention it is possible to use the axial thread rolling head according to the invention to also form external threads on workpieces made of high-strength materials.
- the workpieces processed according to the invention can have tensile strengths of more than 600 N / mm 2 , preferably more than 900 N / mm 2 , more preferably more than 1000 N / mm 2 .
- tensile strengths of more than 600 N / mm 2 , preferably more than 900 N / mm 2 , more preferably more than 1000 N / mm 2 .
- the in Fig. 1 Axialgewinderollkopf invention shown comprises a shaft 10 and held by the shaft 10 head portion 12.
- the shaft 10 has a clamping portion 14, which serves for clamping in a suitable machine tool. It should be noted that it is also conceivable that the head part 12 itself has a clamping portion for clamping in a machine tool. In this case, no shaft 10 would be required.
- the shaft 10 also has an enlarged portion 16 and a cylindrical bearing portion 18.
- the head portion 12 has a first cylindrical portion 22, with which it is fixedly connected via a plurality of fastening screws 20 with the bearing portion 18 of the shaft 10.
- a second cylindrical portion 24 connects, wherein the cylindrical portions 22, 24 are integrally formed and together form a base portion of the head portion 12.
- the second cylindrical portion 24 has a larger diameter than the first cylindrical portion 22.
- three threaded rollers 26 are rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis in the head part 12.
- the three threaded rollers 26 are arranged distributed uniformly along a circular path, in each case at intervals of 120 °.
- the threaded rollers 26 are each rotatably supported on axle pins 28 held in the second cylindrical portion 24.
- the base portion of the head portion 12 formed by the cylindrical portions 22 and 24 is closed by a head plate 32 fixed to the second cylindrical portion 24 by means of fitting screws 30.
- Such as in the FIGS. 2 and 3 to recognize the thread rollers 26 define between them an insertion portion 34 for a machined with the axial thread rolling head, for example, cylindrical workpiece.
- the longitudinal axes of the axle pins 28, which may be, for example, hard metal axle pins, compared to the insertion of the workpiece in the insertion section 34, which at the same time in Fig. 4 corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the Axialgewinderollkopfes shown at 36, are inclined.
- the inclination is such that the insertion portion 34 tapers in the insertion direction of the workpiece.
- the inclination angle of the axle pins 28 and thus the longitudinal axes of the threaded rollers 26 relative to the longitudinal axis 36 of the head portion 12 may correspond to the pitch angle of the thread to be rolled.
- axle pins 28 are each fixed in their position by a threaded pin 38 which presses in the radial direction into a suitable clamping surface of the axle pins 28. As a result, they can neither shift in the axial direction nor can they rotate about their own axis.
- the thread rollers 26 each between a stopper surface 40 of the head plate 32 and a stopper surface 42 of the second cylindrical portion 24 of the base portion are fixed in the axial direction.
- the second cylindrical portion of the base portion 24 and the top plate 32 have corresponding recesses for receiving the thread rollers 26.
- the axial thread rolling head according to the invention shown in the figures is configured in a non-opening manner.
- the threaded rollers 26 are held on the axle pins 28 in the radial direction immovably in the head part 12.
- the threaded rollers 26 each have a running over its circumference profile, in particular a pitch-free groove profile. This profile is in Fig. 5 shown in section by way of example for one of the threaded rollers 26.
- the profile 44 forms a pointed profile with straight profile flanks 46, 48.
- the profile flanks 46, 48 lie in straight planes, which are arranged at an angle to one another which is smaller than 90 °.
- the threaded rollers in the longitudinal direction of the threaded rollers arranged one behind the other each have a first asymmetrical profile section and a second asymmetrical profile section for molding a respective external thread on a workpiece.
- the first profile section extends in the example shown in FIG Fig. 5 to the left of the central axis shown at reference numeral 49.
- the two asymmetric profile sections are mirror-symmetrical to the central axis 49.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail of the in Fig. 5 To recognize left of the central axis 49 shown profile section.
- the reference numeral 46 shows a profile flank of the profile 44 that leads in the course of inserting a workpiece into the insertion section.
- At reference numeral 48 is one of the leading edge 46 opposite in the course of insertion of a Workpiece shown in the insertion section trailing profile edge.
- a trailing edge angle ⁇ 2 between the trailing profile edge 48 and the radial 52 is in the example shown in a range between 30.0 ° and 32.0 ° and is preferably 31.0 °. It is understood that in the in Fig. 6 not shown, in Fig. 5 right profile of the central axis 49 profile shown the leading edge of the profile and the trailing edge of the profile and thus the leading edge angle and the trailing edge angle are reversed. The profile 44 of the profiled rollers 26 is thus formed asymmetrically, in particular with respect to the radial 52.
- This asymmetry ensures the unrolling of the threaded rollers 26 in the course of processing high-strength materials with tensile strengths of, for example, more than 600 N / mm 2 , that in the course of introducing a cylindrical workpiece in the insertion section 34 and the lead out of the cylindrical workpiece the insertion portion 34 in a precise manner a predetermined symmetrical external thread is produced on the workpiece.
- a ratio between the largest diameter of the head part 12, in particular the diameter of the second cylindrical portion 24, and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined is smaller than 3.8.
- a ratio between the diameter of the thread rollers 26 and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined is smaller than 1.4, respectively.
- the ratio between the diameter of the head portion 12, in particular the diameter of the second cylindrical portion 24, and the diameter of the thread pitch of the profiles of Thread roll 26 is important to the stability of the system.
- the stated ratio would be 26.667 and thus still sufficient stability of the system.
- FIG. 7 shows FIG. 7 in which, with the axial thread rolling head according to the invention, a cylindrical projection 54 is provided with an external thread, which is formed on a component 56. As in Fig. 7 To recognize, the available work space is severely limited, in particular by an end portion 58 of the component 56.
- the number of parts of the Axialgewinderollkopfes invention is reduced due to the non-opening design and therefore not required actuating mechanism over conventional Axialgewinderollköpfen.
- the inventive design of the Axialgewinderollkopfs in addition to the compact design allows at any time sufficient load capacity during operation. This also applies to the machining of workpieces with a relatively large diameter. Since there is no possibility to influence the diameter of the rolled thread by a radial adjustment of the thread rolls in Axialgewinderollkopf, if necessary, threaded rollers with different diameter must be mounted to make an adaptation to material change, machine conditions, customer requests, etc.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Axialgewinderollkopf (10), umfassend ein Kopfteil (12), in dem mindestens drei Gewinderollen (26) drehbar gelagert sind, wobei die Gewinderollen (26) zwischen sich einen Einführabschnitt für ein Werkstück begrenzen, und wobei die Gewinderollen (26) jeweils ein Profil zum Formen eines Außengewindes an dem Werkstück aufweisen, wobei die Gewinderollen (26) in radialer Richtung unverstellbar in dem Kopfteil (12) gehalten sind, wobei das Profil der Gewinderollen (26) jeweils derart asymmetrisch ausgebildet ist, dass die Gewinderollen mit ihrem asymmetrischen Profil an dem Werkstück ein symmetrisches Außengewinde formen. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein entsprechendes Verfahren.The invention relates to an axial thread rolling head (10), comprising a head part (12) in which at least three threaded rollers (26) are rotatably mounted, wherein the threaded rollers (26) define therebetween an insertion section for a workpiece, and wherein the threaded rollers (26) each having a profile for forming an external thread on the workpiece, wherein the thread rollers (26) are held in the radial direction unrestrained in the head part (12), wherein the profile of the thread rollers (26) is each formed asymmetrically so that the threaded rollers with their asymmetrical profile on the workpiece form a symmetrical external thread. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Axialgewinderollkopf, umfassend ein Kopfteil, in dem mindestens drei Gewinderollen drehbar gelagert sind, wobei die Gewinderollen zwischen sich einen Einführabschnitt für ein Werkstück begrenzen, und wobei die Gewinderollen jeweils ein Profil zum Formen eines Außengewindes an dem Werkstück aufweisen. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zum Formen eines Außengewindes an einem Werkstück mit einem Axialgewinderollkopf.The invention relates to an axial thread rolling head, comprising a head part, in which at least three thread rollers are rotatably mounted, wherein the thread rollers define an insertion section for a workpiece between them, and wherein the thread rollers each have a profile for forming an external thread on the workpiece. The invention also relates to a method of forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head.
Mit derartigen Axialgewinderollköpfen werden durch Kaltumformung Außengewinde an in der Regel zylindrischen Werkstücken erzeugt. Zur Formung des Außengewindes besitzen die Gewinderollen an ihrem Umfang ein Profil. Das Werkstück wird im Zuge einer Relativbewegung zwischen dem Axialgewinderollkopf und dem Werkstück in den Einführabschnitt des Axialgewinderollkopfes eingeführt, wobei das Außengewinde durch das Profil der Gewinderollen erzeugt wird. Es sind Axialgewinderollköpfe bekannt, bei denen nach vollständigem Ausbilden des Außengewindes an dem Werkstück, insbesondere einem vollständigen Einführen des Werkstücks in den Einführabschnitt des Axialgewinderollkopfes, der Axialgewinderollkopf durch einen mechanischen Betätigungsmechanismus geöffnet wird. Dabei werden die Gewinderollen in radialer Richtung nach außen bewegt und der Axialgewinderollkopf kann vom Werkstück abgezogen werden, ohne dass die Gewinderollen mit dem Werkstück kollidieren, also in Eingriff gelangen. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine einfache Bearbeitung bei präzise hergestellten Außengewinden.With such Axialgewinderollköpfen be produced by cold forming external thread on usually cylindrical workpieces. To form the external thread, the thread rollers have a profile at their periphery. The workpiece is introduced in the course of a relative movement between the Axialgewinderollkopf and the workpiece in the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes, wherein the external thread is produced by the profile of the thread rollers. Axial thread rolling heads are known in which, after complete formation of the external thread on the workpiece, in particular complete insertion of the workpiece into the insertion section of the axial thread rolling head, the axial thread rolling head is opened by a mechanical actuating mechanism. The threaded rollers are moved radially outward and the Axialgewinderollkopf can be deducted from the workpiece without the thread rollers collide with the workpiece, so get into engagement. This results in a simple processing with precisely manufactured external threads.
Nachteilig ist dabei allerdings ein vergleichsweise großer Platzbedarf für die radiale Bewegung der Gewinderollenlager einschließlich der darauf angeordneten Gewinderollen in dem Arbeitsraum der Bearbeitungsmaschine. Dieser Arbeitsraum muss naturgemäß auch die Werkstückkontur umfassen. Darüber hinaus ist für die Betätigungsmechanik zum radialen Verstellen der Gewinderollen nach außen in dem Axialgewinderollkopf selbst ein nicht unerheblicher Bauraum erforderlich. Aufgrund der zunehmend gewünschten Bauteilverkleinerung, beispielsweise im Automobilbereich, wird der bei der Bearbeitung zur Verfügung stehende Raum immer kleiner. Ein Beispiel ist die Herstellung von Außengewinden an zylindrischen Ansätzen von Kraftstoffeinspritz-Leisten eines Automobils. An den ausgebildeten Außengewinden können Druckleitungen angeschlossen werden. Es bestehen unter anderem auf Grund der enormen Betriebsdrücke sehr hohe Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit und damit Dichtheit der hergestellten Gewinde. Aus
Durch Vorsehen einer Kopfplatte kann das Auffedern zwar in einem begrenzten Rahmen verringert werden. Auch kann ein Auffedern der Gewinderollen in einem gewissen Maße durch eine Schrägstellung der Achsen der Gewinderollen gegenüber der Längsachse des Einführabschnitts kompensiert werden. Allerdings können naturgemäß bei vorgegebenem Durchmesser des am Werkstück herzustellenden Gewindes einerseits und maximalem Querschnitt des Axialgewinderollkopfes andererseits konstruktiv nur begrenzt Abstützmaßnahmen zum Verhindern eines Auffederns der Gewinderollen getroffen werden. Insbesondere bei der Bearbeitung hochfester Werkstoffe mit Zugfestigkeiten von beispielsweise mehr als 1.000 N/mm2 kann ein Auffedern der Gewinderollen durch konstruktive Maßnahmen nicht vollständig verhindert werden.By providing a top plate, although the springing can be reduced in a limited scope. Also, feathering of the thread rolls can be compensated to some extent by inclining the axes of the thread rolls with respect to the longitudinal axis of the insertion section. However, of course, for a given diameter of the thread to be produced on the workpiece on the one hand and maximum cross section of the axial thread rolling head on the other hand constructive only limited support measures to prevent springing of the thread rollers are taken. Especially when processing high-strength materials with tensile strengths of, for example, more than 1,000 N / mm 2 , a rebound of the thread rollers can not be completely prevented by constructive measures.
Der Erfindung liegt ausgehend von dem genannten Stand der Technik daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Axialgewinderollkopf und ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, mit denen verhältnismäßig große Durchmesser bei geringen Außenabmessungen des Axialgewinderollkopfes zuverlässig und präzise in der vorgegebenen Weise hergestellt werden können.The invention is based on the cited prior art, therefore, the object to provide a Axialgewinderollkopf and a method of the type mentioned, with which relatively large diameter can be made reliably and precisely in the given manner with small outer dimensions of the Axialgewinderollkopfes.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die Gegenstände der Ansprüche 1 und 16. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Figuren.The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe zum einen durch einen Axialgewinderollkopf, umfassend ein Kopfteil, in dem mindestens drei Gewinderollen drehbar gelagert sind, wobei die Gewinderollen zwischen sich einen Einführabschnitt für ein Werkstück begrenzen, und wobei die Gewinderollen jeweils ein Profil zum Formen eines Außengewindes an dem Werkstück aufweisen, wobei die Gewinderollen in radialer Richtung unverstellbar in dem Kopfteil gehalten sind, und wobei das Profil der Gewinderollen jeweils derart asymmetrisch ausgebildet ist, dass die Gewinderollen mit ihrem asymmetrischen Profil an dem Werkstück ein symmetrisches Außengewinde formen. Der Axialgewinderollkopf kann außerdem einen Schaft umfassen, der das Kopfteil hält.The invention solves the problem on the one hand by a Axialgewindeollkopf comprising a head part in which at least three thread rollers are rotatably mounted, wherein the thread rollers define an insertion section for a workpiece between them, and wherein the thread rollers each have a profile for forming an external thread on the workpiece wherein the thread rollers are held in the radial direction unadjustable in the head part, and wherein the profile of the thread rollers is in each case asymmetrically formed so that the thread rollers form a symmetrical external thread with its asymmetrical profile on the workpiece. The Axialgewindeollkopf may also include a shaft which holds the head part.
Die grundsätzliche Funktion des Axialgewinderollkopfes ist ähnlich wie oben zum Stand der Technik erläutert. So begrenzen die Gewinderollen, auch Profilrollen genannt, des erfindungsgemäßen Axialgewinderollkopfes in an sich bekannter Weise zwischen sich einen Einführabschnitt für ein zu bearbeitendes beispielsweise zylindrisches Werkstück. Durch eine geeignete Relativbewegung zwischen Axialgewinderollkopf und Werkstück wird das Werkstück in den Einführabschnitt eingeführt, wobei der Querschnitt des Werkstücks so groß ist, dass das Profil der Gewinderollen in die Außenfläche des Werkstücks eingreift und durch Kaltverformung ein Außengewinde in dem Werkstück erzeugt wird. Hierzu besitzen die Gewinderollen in an sich bekannter Weise ein über ihren Umfang verlaufendes Profil. Bei Axialgewinderollköpfen, wie erfindungsgemäß betroffen, besitzen die Gewinderollen ein Profil gebildet aus steigungsfreien Profilrillen, also ein Rillenprofil. Der Abstand der Rillen entspricht dabei der Steigung des an dem Werkstück zu formenden Gewindes. Dies ist an sich bekannt. Es können beispielsweise drei Gewinderollen vorgesehen sein, die jeweils um 120° beabstandet zueinander verteilt über den Umfang des Einführabschnitts vorgesehen sind.The basic function of the Axialgewinderollkopfes is similar to the above explained in the prior art. Thus, the thread rollers, also called profile rollers, limit the axial thread rolling head according to the invention in a manner known per se between itself an insertion section for a cylindrical workpiece to be machined, for example. By a suitable relative movement between Axialgewinderollkopf and workpiece, the workpiece is inserted into the insertion section, wherein the cross section of the workpiece is so large that engages the profile of the thread rollers in the outer surface of the workpiece and is created by cold deformation, an external thread in the workpiece. For this purpose, the thread rollers in a conventional manner have a profile extending over its circumference. In Axialgewinderollköpfen, as affected by the invention, the thread rollers have a profile formed from pitch-free tread grooves, so a groove profile. The spacing of the grooves corresponds to the pitch of the thread to be formed on the workpiece. This is known per se. For example, three threaded rollers can be provided, which are each provided at 120 ° spaced from one another over the circumference of the insertion section.
Der erfindungsgemäße Axialgewinderollkopf ist nicht-öffnend ausgebildet. Insbesondere ist kein Betätigungsmechanismus vorgesehen, der die Gewinderollen nach dem Formen des Außengewindes an dem Werkstück in radialer Richtung nach außen bewegt. Vielmehr sind die Gewinderollen in radialer Richtung unverstellbar, also fest in dem Axialgewinderollkopf angeordnet. Der Querschnitt des Einführabschnitts des Axialgewinderollkopfes ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Axialgewinderollkopf also bis auf ein unvermeidbares Auffedern der Gewinderollen im Zuge der Bearbeitung unveränderbar.The axial thread rolling head according to the invention is non-opening. In particular, no actuating mechanism is provided, which moves the thread rollers in the radial direction after the external thread has been formed on the workpiece. Rather, the thread rollers are unadjustable in the radial direction, that is fixedly arranged in the Axialgewinderollkopf. The cross section of the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes is therefore unchangeable in the axial thread rolling head according to the invention, except for an inevitable springing of the thread rolls in the course of processing.
Ein unvermeidbares Auffedern der Gewinderollen im Zuge der Bearbeitung wird erfindungsgemäß allerdings berücksichtigt und kompensiert, indem die Gewinderollen ein geeignetes asymmetrisches Profil bzw. Rillenprofil besitzen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen asymmetrischen Profil sind zumindest über einen im Zuge der Bearbeitung mit dem Werkstück formend in Eingriff kommenden Bearbeitungsabschnitt der Gewinderollen einander gegenüberliegende Profilflanken also jeweils nicht spiegelsymmetrisch, insbesondere in Bezug auf eine in radialer Richtung durch den Boden bzw. den tiefsten Punkt zwischen den Profilflanken verlaufende Gerade. Das erfindungsgemäße asymmetrische Profil ist dabei so angepasst, dass es unter Berücksichtigung der bei dem jeweiligen Werkstoff und Querschnitt des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks einerseits sowie den konstruktiven Gegegebenheiten des Axialgewinderollkopfs, insbesondere seiner Abmessungen, andererseits zu erwartenden Auffederung der Gewinderollen ein symmetrisches Gewindeprofil an dem Werkstück formt.However, an unavoidable springing up of the thread rolls in the course of processing is taken into account and compensated according to the invention in that the thread rolls have a suitable asymmetrical profile or groove profile. In the asymmetrical profile according to the invention, at least over a machining section of the thread rolls which engages in the course of machining with the workpiece, opposite profile flanks are therefore not mirror-symmetrical, in particular with respect to a radial direction through the bottom or the lowest point between the profile flanks running straight line. The asymmetric profile according to the invention is adapted so that it forms a symmetrical thread profile on the workpiece taking into account the expected on the respective material and cross section of the workpiece to be machined on the one hand and the constructive Gegegebenheiten the Axialgewinderollkopfs, in particular its dimensions, on the other expected springback of the thread rolls.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Axialgewinderollkopfes ist es möglich, in präziser Weise auch Werkstücke mit einem verhältnismäßig großen Querschnitt unter Verwendung eines Axialgewinderollkopfes mit einer verhältnismäßig kleinen Außenkontur umformend zu bearbeiten. Der erforderliche Raum ist im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik verringert, da der Axialgewinderollkopf nicht-öffnend ist. Es ist keine aufwendige und platzraubende Betätigungsmechanik zum Bewegen der Gewinderollen in radialer Richtung nach außen erforderlich. Gleichzeitig wird durch die asymmetrische Ausbildung des Profils der Gewinderollen sichergestellt, dass das an dem Werkstück ausgebildete Gewinde präzise symmetrisch ist. Es werden somit zuverlässig und präzise die gewünschten Außengewinde hergestellt.The inventive design of the Axialgewinderollkopfes, it is possible to work in a precise manner and workpieces with a relatively large cross-section using a Axialgewinderollkopfes with a relatively small outer contour reshaping. The required space is reduced compared to the prior art because the axial thread rolling head is non-opening. There is no complex and space-consuming actuating mechanism for moving the thread rollers in the radial direction required to the outside. At the same time, the asymmetric formation of the profile of the thread rolls ensures that the thread formed on the workpiece is precisely symmetrical. It will thus reliably and precisely produced the desired external thread.
Durch geeignete Wahl der Auslegungsrandbedingungen des Axialgewinderollkopfes, insbesondere beispielsweise Materialien und Materialstärken, wird sichergestellt, dass die Anforderungen hinsichtlich Funktion, Festigkeit und Lebensdauer sicher erfüllt werden. Insbesondere kann die Lebensdauer des Axialgewinderollkopfes und seiner Gewinderollen durch die Wahl eines geeigneten Werkstoffes und einer entsprechenden Wärmebehandlung sichergestellt werden.By a suitable choice of the design boundary conditions of the axial thread rolling head, in particular, for example, materials and material thicknesses, it is ensured that the requirements with regard to function, strength and service life are reliably met. In particular, the life of the Axialgewinderollkopfes and its thread rolls can be ensured by the choice of a suitable material and a corresponding heat treatment.
Erfindungsgemäß kann durch das asymmetrische Profil der Gewinderollen insbesondere sowohl beim Einführen des Werkstücks in den Einführabschnitt als auch beim Herausführen des Werkstücks aus dem Einführabschnitt eine formende Bearbeitung des Außengewindes des Werkstücks erfolgen. Das Profil des herzustellenden Außengewindes wird also erst durch ein Einführen in und ein Herausführen des Werkstücks aus dem Einführabschnitt vollständig ausgebildet. Insbesondere erfolgt durch das asymmetrische Profil der Profilrolen auch beim Herausführen des Werkstücks noch eine Umformung. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass, wenn in diesem Zusammenhang von einem Einführen oder einem Herausführen des Werkstücks in oder aus dem Einführabschnitt gesprochen wird, dies nicht zwangsläufig bedeutet, dass das Werkstück in axialer Richtung bewegt werden muss. Das Einführen bzw. Herausführen bezieht sich vielmehr auf eine Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstück und Axialgewinderollkopf, im Zuge derer das Werkstück in den Einführabschnitt eingeführt bzw. aus dem Einführabschnitt des Axialgewinderollkopfes herausgeführt wird. Zum Herbeiführen dieser Relativbewegung ist eine Bewegung des Axialgewinderollkopfes oder auch des Werkstücks möglich. Auch möglich ist eine Bewegung sowohl von Axialgewinderollkopf als auch Werkstück.According to the invention, as a result of the asymmetrical profile of the thread rolls, in particular both during insertion of the workpiece into the insertion section and during removal of the workpiece from the insertion section, a forming Machining the external thread of the workpiece done. The profile of the external thread to be produced is therefore completely formed only by insertion into and removal of the workpiece from the insertion section. In particular, due to the asymmetrical profile of the profile rollers, deformation is also carried out when the workpiece is being removed. It should be noted that, in this context, when an insertion or removal of the workpiece into or out of the insertion section is used, this does not necessarily mean that the workpiece has to be moved in the axial direction. Rather, the insertion or removal refers to a relative movement between the workpiece and Axialgewinderollkopf, in the course of which the workpiece is inserted into the insertion or out of the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes. To bring about this relative movement, a movement of the Axialgewinderollkopfes or the workpiece is possible. Also possible is a movement of both Axialgewinderollkopf and workpiece.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann das Profil der Gewinderollen jeweils ein Spitzprofil mit geraden Flanken bilden. Die Profilflanken liegen jeweils in einer geraden Ebene, wobei die Ebenen der einander jeweils gegenüberliegenden Profilflanken unter einem Winkel zueinander liegen. Bei einem Spitzprofil ist der zwischen zwei gegenüberliegenden Profilflanken gebildete Winkel kleiner als 90°. An ihrer Spitze können benachbarte Profilflanken in einem abgerundeten Kopfbereich ineinander übergehen. Entsprechend können einander gegenüberliegende Profilflanken in einem ebenfalls abgerundeten Bodenbereich ineinander übergehen.According to a further embodiment, the profile of the thread rolls can each form a pointed profile with straight flanks. The profile flanks are each in a straight plane, wherein the planes of the mutually opposite profile flanks are at an angle to each other. In the case of a pointed profile, the angle formed between two opposing profile flanks is less than 90 °. At their top, adjacent profile flanks can merge into one another in a rounded head area. Accordingly, mutually opposite profile edges can merge into one another in a likewise rounded bottom region.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein vorlaufender Flankenwinkel des Profils der Gewinderollen jeweils in einem Bereich zwischen 28,0° und 30,0° liegt, vorzugsweise 29,5° beträgt. Ein nachlaufender Flankenwinkel des Profils der Gewinderollen kann dann jeweils in einem Bereich zwischen 30,0° und 32,0° liegen, vorzugsweise 31,0° betragen. Als vorlaufender Flankenwinkel wird in diesem Zusammenhang der Winkel zwischen den beim Einführen des Werkstücks in den Einführabschnitt vorlaufenden Profilflanken und einer durch den Boden bzw. tiefsten Punkt zwischen einander gegenüberliegenden Profilflanken verlaufenden Radialen bezeichnet. Entsprechend wird als nachlaufender Flankenwinkel der Winkel zwischen den den vorlaufenden Profilflanken gegenüberliegenden, beim Einführen des Werkstücks in den Einführabschnitt nachlaufenden Profilflanken, und einer durch den Boden bzw. tiefsten Punkt zwischen einander gegenüberliegenden Profilflanken verlaufenden Radialen bezeichnet. Der vorlaufende Flankenwinkel und der nachlaufende Flankenwinkel sind erfindungsgemäß unterschiedlich, so dass das Profil die oben erläuterte Asymmetrie aufweist. Sofern die einander gegenüberliegenden Profilflanken, also vorlaufende und nachlaufende Profilflanken, nicht in einer jeweils geraden Ebene liegen, sondern z.B. eine Krümmung besitzen, können die Winkel jeweils zwischen einer z.B. auf halber Höhe an die gekrümmten Profilflanken angelegten Tangente und der jeweiligen Radialen ausgebildet sein. Durch die genannten Winkelbereiche wird eine Auffederung der Gewinderollen berücksichtigt und eine besonders hohe Maßgenauigkeit des hergestellten symmetrischen Außengewindes erreicht. Die beschriebenen Winkelverhältnisse können z.B. bis auf einen Anfangs- und einen Endbereich des Profils für das gesamte Profil vorliegen.According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that a leading flank angle of the profile of the thread rolls is in each case in a range between 28.0 ° and 30.0 °, preferably 29.5 °. A trailing edge angle The profile of the thread rolls can then each be in a range between 30.0 ° and 32.0 °, preferably 31.0 °. As a leading edge angle in this context, the angle between the leading during insertion of the workpiece into the insertion section and a flanks extending through the bottom or lowest point between mutually opposite profile edges radials. Accordingly, the angle between the leading edge of the profile opposite, the trailing in the insertion section trailing profile flanks, and extending through the bottom or lowest point between opposing profile flanks radial is referred to as the trailing edge angle. The leading flank angle and the trailing flank angle are different according to the invention, so that the profile has the above-described asymmetry. If the mutually opposite profile flanks, ie leading and trailing profile flanks, are not in a respective straight plane, but have a curvature, for example, the angles can each be formed between a tangent, for example, halfway up the curved profile flanks, and the respective radials. Due to the aforementioned angular ranges, a spring-back of the thread rolls is taken into account and a particularly high dimensional accuracy of the produced symmetrical external thread is achieved. The angular relationships described can be present, for example, except for an initial and an end region of the profile for the entire profile.
Auch ein Verhältnis zwischen dem Durchmesser des zylindrischen Abschnitts und der Gewindeteilung der Profile der Gewinderollen ist für die Stabilität des Systems wichtig. Unter der Gewindeteilung versteht man den Abstand zwischen der Mitte zweier benachbarter Gewindegangabschnitte in Richtung der Gewinderollenlängsachse. Bei eingängigen Gewinden, wie sie erfindungsgemäß insbesondere betroffen sind, entspricht die Gewindeteilung der Gewindesteigung, also derjenigen Strecke in Richtung der Gewinderollenlängsachse, um den sich z.B. eine Schraubenmutter auf dem Gewinde bei einer vollen Umdrehung um 360° bewegen würde. Je größer die Gewindeteilung bzw. Gewindesteigung ist, desto größer sind die bei einem Axialgewinderollkopf im Betrieb auftretenden radialen Kräfte. Daher darf die Gewindeteilung bzw. die Gewindesteigung gerade bei kleinen Axialgewinderollköpfen, die insbesondere einen geringen Durchmesser und damit in der Regel auch eine geringe Wandstärke besitzen, nicht zu groß sein. Ein Verhältnis zwischen dem Durchmesser der Gewinderollen und dem Durchmesser des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks kann jeweils kleiner als 1,4 sein. Auch kann ein Verhältnis zwischen dem Durchmesser des zumindest teilweise zylindrischen Abschnitts des Kopfteils und dem Durchmesser des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks kleiner als 3,8 sein. Das Kopfteil kann aus mehreren Abschnitten aufgebaut sein. Das Kopfteil kann auch mehrere zylindrische Abschnitte aufweisen. Der bei den vorgenannten Ausgestaltungen in Bezug genommene zumindest teilweise zylindrische Abschnitt ist der die Gewinderollen lagernde Abschnitt, der den größten Querschnitt bzw. Durchmesser besitzt.Also, a relationship between the diameter of the cylindrical portion and the thread pitch of the profiles of the thread rollers is important for the stability of the system. The thread pitch is the distance between the center of two adjacent thread sections in the direction of the thread roll longitudinal axis. For single-start threads, as they are particularly affected according to the invention, the thread pitch corresponds to the thread pitch, ie the distance in the direction of the threaded roller longitudinal axis about which, for example a nut would move on the thread at a full turn 360 °. The greater the thread pitch or thread pitch, the larger are the radial forces which occur during an axial thread rolling head during operation. Therefore, the thread pitch or the thread pitch may not be too large, especially for small Axialgewinderollköpfen, which in particular have a small diameter and thus usually a small wall thickness. A ratio between the diameter of the thread rolls and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined may each be less than 1.4. Also, a ratio between the diameter of the at least partially cylindrical portion of the head portion and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined may be smaller than 3.8. The head part can be made up of several sections. The head part can also have a plurality of cylindrical sections. The at least partially cylindrical portion referred to in the aforementioned embodiments is the thread roller supporting portion having the largest cross section or diameter.
Gemäß einer besonders praxisgemäßen Ausgestaltung, die zudem eine besonders einfache Herstellung ermöglicht, kann das Kopfteil einen Grundabschnitt und eine an dem Grundabschnitt befestigte Kopfplatte umfassen. Die Kopfplatte sorgt für zusätzliche Stabilität des Axialgewinderollkopfes und verringert eine Auffederung der Gewinderollen. Die Gewinderollen können in dem Grundabschnitt und/oder der Kopfplatte drehbar gelagert und in radialer Richtung unverstellbar gehalten sein. Der Grundabschnitt kann einstückig ausgebildet sein. Er kann insbesondere einen oder mehrere zylindrische Abschnitte des Kopfteils umfassen. Die einstückige Ausbildung des Kopfteils führt bei dem erfindungsgemäßen nicht-öffnenden Axialgewinderollkopf zu einer besonders hohen Stabilität und Belastbarkeit im Betrieb. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung können die Gewinderollen jeweils zwischen einer Anschlagfläche des Grundabschnitts und einer Anschlagfläche der Kopfplatte in axialer Richtung fixiert sein.According to a particularly practical embodiment, which also allows a particularly simple production, the head part may comprise a base portion and a top plate attached to the base portion. The top plate provides additional stability of the axial thread rolling head and reduces spring deflection of the thread rolls. The threaded rollers can be rotatably mounted in the base portion and / or the top plate and kept unadjustable in the radial direction. The base portion may be integrally formed. In particular, it may comprise one or more cylindrical sections of the head part. The one-piece design of the head part results in the non-opening Axialgewinderollkopf invention to a particularly high stability and load capacity during operation. According to a further embodiment, the thread rollers can be fixed in each case between a stop surface of the base portion and a stop surface of the top plate in the axial direction.
Auch können die Gewinderollen auf in dem Grundabschnitt gehaltenen Achsstiften drehbar gelagert sein. Es handelt sich hierbei ebenfalls um besonders praxisgemäße Ausgestaltungen. Für die Gewinderollen können entsprechende Aufnahmen in dem Grundabschnitt und in der Kopfplatte vorgesehen sein. Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Längsachsen der Achsstifte gegenüber der Einführrichtung des Werkstücks in den Einführabschnitt geneigt sind, derart dass sich der Einführabschnitt in Einführrichtung des Werkstücks verjüngt. Hierdurch wird die Bearbeitung vereinfacht und eine Auffederung der Gewinderollen wird in gewissem Maße bereits kompensiert. Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Kopfplatte durch mehrere Passschrauben mit dem Grundabschnitt verschraubt ist.The threaded rollers may also be rotatably mounted on axle pins held in the base section. These are also particularly practical embodiments. For the threaded rollers corresponding receptacles may be provided in the base portion and in the top plate. In a further embodiment it can be provided that the longitudinal axes of the axle pins are inclined relative to the insertion direction of the workpiece in the insertion, such that the insertion section tapers in the insertion direction of the workpiece. As a result, the processing is simplified and a rebound of the thread rolls is already compensated to some extent. Furthermore, it can be provided that the top plate is screwed by a plurality of fitting screws with the base portion.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Gewinderollen in Längsrichtung der Gewinderollen hintereinander angeordnet jeweils einen ersten asymmetrischen Profilabschnitt und einen zweiten asymmetrischen Profilabschnitt zum Formen jeweils eines Außengewindes an einem Werkstück aufweisen, wobei die Gewinderollen jeweils wahlweise mit dem ersten Profilabschnitt oder dem zweiten Profilabschnitt zum Eingang des Einführabschnitts ausgerichtet werden können, um ein Außengewinde wahlweise mit dem ersten Profilabschnitt oder dem zweiten Profilabschnitt an dem Werkstück zu formen. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung sind die Profile auf jeder Gewinderolle zweifach ausgebildet, und zwar in entgegengesetzter Richtung ausgehend von den beiden Stirnseiten der Gewinderollen bzw. ausgehend von der Mitte der Gewinderollen. Es kann dann, je nachdem, in welcher Richtung die Gewinderollen in das Kopfteil eingesetzt werden, der erste oder der zweite Profilabschnitt zur Gewindeformung an dem Werkstück eingesetzt werden. Die Länge der Gewinderollen ist dabei so ausgestaltet, dass eine vollständige Ausformung des an dem Werkstück herzustellenden Gewindes möglich ist, ohne dass der jeweils in Einführrichtung des Werkstücks hintere der beiden Profilabschnitte in Eingriff mit dem Werkstück kommt. Weiterhin können der erste Profilabschnitt und der zweite Profilabschnitt jeweils spiegelsymmetrisch zu einer senkrecht zur Längsachse der jeweiligen Gewinderolle sein. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass der erste Profilabschnitt und der zweite Profilabschnitt jeweils nichtspiegelsymmetrisch zu einer senkrecht zur Längsachse der jeweiligen Gewinderolle sind, also unterschiedlich ausgebildet sind. Hierdurch wird eine größere Flexibilität bei der Bearbeitung erreicht, da die beiden Profilabschnitt zur Bearbeitung unterschiedlicher Werkstücke angepasst sein können.According to a further embodiment, it may be provided that the thread rolls arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the thread rolls each have a first asymmetric profile section and a second asymmetric profile section for forming an external thread on a workpiece, wherein the thread rollers each with either the first profile section or the second profile section can be aligned with the entrance of the insertion section to form an external thread with either the first profile section or the second profile section on the workpiece. In this embodiment, the profiles are formed twice on each thread roll, in the opposite direction, starting from the two end faces of the thread rolls or starting from the middle of the thread rolls. It can then, depending on the direction in which the thread rollers are inserted into the head part, the first or the second profile section are used for thread forming on the workpiece. The length of the thread rollers is designed such that a complete shaping of the thread to be produced on the workpiece is possible without the respectively in the insertion direction of the workpiece rear of the two profile sections comes into engagement with the workpiece. Furthermore, the first Profile section and the second profile section in each case be mirror-symmetrical to a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the respective thread roller. However, it is also conceivable that the first profile section and the second profile section are each not mirror-symmetrical to a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the respective thread roller, so are formed differently. As a result, a greater flexibility in the machining is achieved, since the two profile section can be adapted for processing different workpieces.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zum Formen eines Außengewindes an einem Werkstück mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Axialgewinderollkopf, bei dem das Werkstück durch eine Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstück und Axialgewinderollkopf in axialer Richtung in den Einführabschnitt des Axialgewinderollkopfes eingeführt und wieder aus diesem herausgeführt wird, wobei durch das asymmetrische Profil der Gewinderollen sowohl beim Einführen des Werkstücks in den Einführabschnitt als auch beim Herausführen des Werkstücks aus dem Einführabschnitt eine formende Bearbeitung des Außengewindes des Werkstücks erfolgt. Wie eingangs bereits erläutert, ist es möglich, mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Axialgewinderollkopf auch Außengewinde an Werkstücken aus hochfesten Werkstoffen zu formen. Beispielsweise können die erfindungsgemäß bearbeiteten Werkstücke Zugfestigkeiten von mehr als 600 N/mm2, bevorzugt mehr als 900 N/mm2, weiter bevorzugt mehr als 1000 N/mm2 besitzen. Wie ebenfalls eingangs erläutert, ist erfindungsgemäß insbesondere die Herstellung von Außengewinden an zylindrischen Ansätzen von Kraftstoffeinspritz-Leisten eines Automobils möglich.The invention also relates to a method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head according to the invention, in which the workpiece is introduced by a relative movement between the workpiece and Axialgewinderollkopf in the axial direction in the insertion of the Axialgewinderollkopfes and again led out of this, said by the asymmetric profile the thread rolling both during insertion of the workpiece in the insertion and when leading out the workpiece from the insertion takes place a shaping processing of the external thread of the workpiece. As already explained, it is possible to use the axial thread rolling head according to the invention to also form external threads on workpieces made of high-strength materials. For example, the workpieces processed according to the invention can have tensile strengths of more than 600 N / mm 2 , preferably more than 900 N / mm 2 , more preferably more than 1000 N / mm 2 . As also explained at the outset, according to the invention, in particular the production of external threads on cylindrical lugs of fuel injection strips of an automobile is possible.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:
- Fig. 1
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Axialgewinderollkopf in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
- Fig. 2
- das Kopfteil des in
Fig. 1 gezeigten Axialgewinderollkopfes in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, - Fig. 3
- das Kopfteil aus
Fig. 2 in einer Frontansicht, - Fig. 4
- das Kopfteil aus
Fig. 2 in einer Schnittansicht, - Fig. 5
- ein Profil der Gewinderollen des in
Fig. 1 gezeigten Axialgewinderollkopfs in einer Schnittansicht, - Fig. 6
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Darstellung der
Fig. 5 , und - Fig. 7
- einen Teil des in
Fig. 1 gezeigten Axialgewinderollkopfes in einem Bearbeitungszustand.
- Fig. 1
- an axial thread rolling head according to the invention in a perspective view,
- Fig. 2
- the headboard of in
Fig. 1 shown Axialgewinderollkopfes in a perspective view, - Fig. 3
- the headboard off
Fig. 2 in a front view, - Fig. 4
- the headboard off
Fig. 2 in a sectional view, - Fig. 5
- a profile of the thread rolls of in
Fig. 1 shown Axialgewindeollkopfs in a sectional view, - Fig. 6
- an enlarged section of the representation of
Fig. 5 , and - Fig. 7
- a part of in
Fig. 1 shown axial thread rolling head in a processing state.
Soweit nichts anderes angegeben ist, bezeichnen in den Figuren gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche Gegenstände. Der in
In
Der in den Figuren gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Axialgewinderollkopf ist nicht-öffnend ausgestaltet. Insbesondere sind die Gewinderollen 26 über die Achsstifte 28 in radialer Richtung unverstellbar in dem Kopfteil 12 gehalten. Es ist kein Betätigungsmechanismus vorgesehen, mit dem die Gewinderollen 26 in radialer Richtung nach außen verstellt werden können. Die Gewinderollen 26 besitzen jeweils ein über ihren Umfang verlaufendes Profil, insbesondere ein steigungsfreies Rillenprofil. Dieses Profil ist in
In
Bei dem in den Figuren gezeigten Axialgewinderollkopf ist ein Verhältnis zwischen dem größten Durchmesser des Kopfteils 12, insbesondere dem Durchmesser des zweiten zylindrischen Abschnitts 24, und dem Durchmesser des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks kleiner als 3,8. Darüber hinaus ist ein Verhältnis zwischen dem Durchmesser der Gewinderollen 26 und dem Durchmesser des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks jeweils kleiner als 1,4. Auch das Verhältnis zwischen dem Durchmesser des Kopfteils 12, insbesondere dem Durchmesser des zweiten zylindrischen Abschnitts 24, und dem Durchmesser der Gewindeteilung der Profile der Gewinderollen 26 ist für die Stabilität des Systems wichtig. So wäre beispielsweise bei einem Außendurchmesser des Kopfteils von 40 mm und einem herzustellenden Gewinde M14x1,5 das angegebene Verhältnis 26,667 und damit eine noch ausreichende Stabilität des Systems gegeben.In the axial thread rolling head shown in the figures, a ratio between the largest diameter of the
Durch die kleinen Außenabmessungen ist eine Bearbeitung auch von solchen Werkstücken möglich, bei denen aufgrund der baulichen Gegebenheiten nur ein geringer Arbeitsraum zur Verfügung steht. Ein Beispiel zeigt
Die Anzahl der Teile des erfindungsgemäßen Axialgewinderollkopfes ist aufgrund der nicht-öffnenden Bauweise und der daher nicht erforderlichen Betätigungsmechanik gegenüber konventionellen Axialgewinderollköpfen verringert. Gleichzeitig ermöglicht die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Axialgewinderollkopfs neben der kompakten Bauweise eine jederzeit ausreichende Belastbarkeit im Betrieb. Dies gilt auch bei der Bearbeitung von Werkstücken mit verhältnismäßig großem Durchmesser. Da keine Möglichkeit vorgesehen ist, den Durchmesser des gerollten Gewindes durch ein radiales Verstellen der Gewinderollen im Axialgewinderollkopf zu beeinflussen, müssen gegebenenfalls Gewinderollen mit anderem Durchmesser montiert werden, um eine Anpassung an Werkstoffveränderung, Maschinenbedingungen, Kundenwünsche etc. vorzunehmen.The number of parts of the Axialgewinderollkopfes invention is reduced due to the non-opening design and therefore not required actuating mechanism over conventional Axialgewinderollköpfen. At the same time, the inventive design of the Axialgewinderollkopfs in addition to the compact design allows at any time sufficient load capacity during operation. This also applies to the machining of workpieces with a relatively large diameter. Since there is no possibility to influence the diameter of the rolled thread by a radial adjustment of the thread rolls in Axialgewinderollkopf, if necessary, threaded rollers with different diameter must be mounted to make an adaptation to material change, machine conditions, customer requests, etc.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13002074.6A EP2792429B1 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head |
HUE13002074A HUE032474T2 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head |
US14/256,453 US9468969B2 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2014-04-18 | Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13002074.6A EP2792429B1 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2792429A1 true EP2792429A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2792429B1 EP2792429B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=48226912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13002074.6A Active EP2792429B1 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9468969B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2792429B1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE032474T2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106312096A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-01-11 | 石家庄博深石油机械有限公司 | Method for machining screw motor stator based on forming tool |
CN113967708A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-01-25 | 广东欧亚包装有限公司 | ROPP screw device |
WO2024104888A1 (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-23 | Kamax Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg | End-profiling maching, method for end-profiling a thread, and fastening means |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT202100003047A1 (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2022-08-11 | Andrea Gasparini | ROLLING DIE AND THREADING EQUIPMENT USING THE ABOVEMENTIONED DIE |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB567700A (en) * | 1943-09-11 | 1945-02-27 | Nino Bonamini | Improved tool for forming external screw threads |
CH389550A (en) * | 1963-03-08 | 1965-03-31 | Habegger Harold | Tool for threading small diameter parts |
EP0552713A1 (en) | 1992-01-21 | 1993-07-28 | Emuge-Werk Richard Glimpel, Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge, vormals Moschkau & Glimpel | Tool for rolling threads |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2720801A (en) * | 1951-12-19 | 1955-10-18 | Wilhelm Fette Prazisionswerkze | Rolling head |
ES214356Y (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1976-12-01 | Esteban Torralba | PERFECTED CONSTRUCTION APPLIED TO THREADED BEARINGS BY LAMINATION. |
CH595173A5 (en) * | 1975-12-23 | 1978-01-31 | Harold Habegger | |
JP2006043745A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-02-16 | Nagoya Industrial Science Research Inst | Multi-pitch screw, and method and device for manufacturing the same |
-
2013
- 2013-04-19 EP EP13002074.6A patent/EP2792429B1/en active Active
- 2013-04-19 HU HUE13002074A patent/HUE032474T2/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-04-18 US US14/256,453 patent/US9468969B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB567700A (en) * | 1943-09-11 | 1945-02-27 | Nino Bonamini | Improved tool for forming external screw threads |
CH389550A (en) * | 1963-03-08 | 1965-03-31 | Habegger Harold | Tool for threading small diameter parts |
EP0552713A1 (en) | 1992-01-21 | 1993-07-28 | Emuge-Werk Richard Glimpel, Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge, vormals Moschkau & Glimpel | Tool for rolling threads |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106312096A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-01-11 | 石家庄博深石油机械有限公司 | Method for machining screw motor stator based on forming tool |
CN106312096B (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2019-03-15 | 石家庄博深石油机械有限公司 | A method of screw motor stator is processed based on molding cutter |
CN113967708A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-01-25 | 广东欧亚包装有限公司 | ROPP screw device |
WO2024104888A1 (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-23 | Kamax Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg | End-profiling maching, method for end-profiling a thread, and fastening means |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUE032474T2 (en) | 2017-10-30 |
US20140311202A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
US9468969B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
EP2792429B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
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