EP2789531B1 - Floating lng and/or lpg production, storage and loading platform - Google Patents

Floating lng and/or lpg production, storage and loading platform Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2789531B1
EP2789531B1 EP13001805.4A EP13001805A EP2789531B1 EP 2789531 B1 EP2789531 B1 EP 2789531B1 EP 13001805 A EP13001805 A EP 13001805A EP 2789531 B1 EP2789531 B1 EP 2789531B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loading platform
tanker
crossbeam
transfer system
couplers
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EP13001805.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2789531A1 (en
Inventor
Sven Hoog
Johannes Myland
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IMPaC Offshore Engineering GmbH
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IMPaC Offshore Engineering GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/448—Floating hydrocarbon production vessels, e.g. Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels [FPSO]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a buoyant LNG and / or LPG loading platform for collecting, processing and storing supplied natural gas and for loading liquefied natural gas in the form of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and / or LPG (Liquefied Petrol Gas) on tankers, comprising: an elongated hull having anchoring means at one end thereof adapted to anchor the hull freely rotatable relative to an anchoring point at the seabed, mooring means for mooring a tanker side by side on the hull, a liquefied gas transfer system having a plurality of conduits leading to line couplings designed to be connected to standard loading / unloading nozzles on tankers.
  • a loading platform according to the preamble of claim 1 is aud US20100300545 known.
  • Prelude FLNG Floating Liquefied Natural Gas Facility
  • the loading platform is further provided with lines leading to various natural gas production facilities located at the bottom of the sea.
  • the natural gas fed in is process-technically processed on the loading platform and then stored in the liquefied state in the form of LNG and / or LPG ready to be stored in stores on the loading platform.
  • the LNG and / or LPG processed in this way is loaded onto tankers for LPG and transported to the consumption locations.
  • To dock the tankers side by side mooring facilities are provided on the hull of the loading platform.
  • a remplissiggastransfersystem provided with a plurality of independently handled lines, each of which opens into a conduit coupling connected to the line. These line couplings are designed for connection to standard charging / discharging ports on tankers.
  • the liquefied natural gas transfer system has individually operable jacks that can be used to position the conduit ends such that the liquid gas transfer system conduit couplings are immediately prior to the standard charge / discharge port on the tanker and can be individually coupled to one another to supply LNG and / or LPG to be able to extract from the storages of the loading platform into a docked tanker.
  • the lines of the remplissiggastransfersystems are formed by solid tubes, which are connected to each other via hinges and thus can adapt to the position of the loading / unloading nozzles and can follow them.
  • the liquid gas transfer system is fixedly mounted in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform at a fixed location.
  • the tanker must therefore be moored to the loading platform such that the loading / unloading spigots also located at a fixed location in the longitudinal direction of the tanker and the line couplings are in close alignment with each other, so that the line couplings of the LPG transport system with the loading / unloading Socket of the tanker can be coupled.
  • Fig. 1 shows a loading platform 2 with a rotatable anchoring 6 from above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a loading platform 2 with a rotatable anchoring 6 from above.
  • waves, wind and ocean currents are the same, and the loading platform 2 has then aligned so that its longitudinal direction is parallel to the direction of waves, wind and flow.
  • Fig. 2 the situation is shown that waves, wind and flow hit the loading platform 2 from different directions; due to the free rotation about the anchorage 6, the loading platform 2 then aligns so that the total resistance to waves, wind and flow is minimal.
  • FIG. 3 is the Fig. 1 corresponding situation with waves, wind and flow shown from the same direction, now a tanker 20 is moored to the loading platform 2.
  • the loading platform 2 system and tanker 20 moored thereto have an asymmetry that results in torque being applied to the deck 2 and tanker 20 system, the torque being the longitudinal side of the docking platform 2 facing away from the tanker the incoming waves, wind and the ocean current turns.
  • the state of lowest total resistance of loading platform 2 with the tanker 20 moored to it is thus achieved in a position in which the tanker 20 lies on that longitudinal side of the loading platform 2, which is slightly opposite to incoming swell, wind and current.
  • Fig. 4 a corresponding situation is presented in which waves, wind and ocean currents come from different directions.
  • this twisting of the loading platform 2 is also desirable because it results in the effect that the tanker 20 is to some extent in the "wave shadow" of the loading platform 2, ie the tanker 20 side facing the loading platform 2 is slightly from the direction of Facing away from swell. Under typical conditions of swell, wind and current, the loading platform 2 tilts up to 30 ° to the incoming waves. This will be a protected Area created in the "wave shadow" of the loading platform in which the tanker is located. The position in the wave shadow relative movements between the loading platform 2 and anchored tanker 20 are reduced. This is of great importance in order to keep the load on the mooring and the movement and load on the coupled liquefied natural gas transfer system within tolerable limits.
  • the mooring and filling of the tanker at the loading platform should be possible in such a way that the tanker depends on the type of tanker in the maximum extent in the wave shadow of the loading platform, so as to create a constellation of loading platform and moored tanker, in the relative movements between loading platform and tanker are reduced.
  • the liquefied gas transfer system is mounted movably on the loading platform in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage so that the positioning of the line couplings of the liquefied gas transfer system and thus of the line couplings can be adapted to a desired mooring position of a tanker in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform.
  • the desired mooring position of the tanker also results in the location of the loading / unloading nozzle in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform to which the position of the copessiggastransfersystems is adjustable so that charge / discharge nozzle and line couplings face each other when the affected tanker is in the optimal longitudinal position on the loading platform.
  • the tank vessel moored by the inclination of the docking platform with respect to the direction of the incoming swell and the shielding of the tanker moored thereby depends on the type of tanker, for example, depending on its length, width, Draft etc., can be optimized in such a way that relative movements between the tanker and loading platform are as small as possible by the tanker is moored in a then well suited longitudinal position in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform of it.
  • the invention provides that the wellssiggastransfersystem is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform movable thereon, so that each tanker of a given Type in the desired position in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform can be moored thereto to minimize relative movements between tanker and loading platform, and the diessiggastransfersystem can be adjusted to the resulting position of the loading / unloading nozzles on the tanker.
  • the LPG transport system has a base movably mounted on the loading platform, on which a support structure is mounted.
  • the support structure holds a transverse transverse support frame on which the plurality of ducts with the line couplings are suspended in rows arranged side by side.
  • the lines of the liquefied natural gas transfer system have flexible lines in the form of flexible corrugated tubes or hoses for frozen liquids. Due to the flexibility of the pipes, the liquid gas transfer system can adapt to the constantly changing sea state of the loading / unloading ports of a tanker.
  • the support structure of the liquefied gas transfer system has a lifting device on a base movably mounted on the loading platform. The cross member frame is held by the lifting device, so that the vertical position of the cross member frame and thus the line couplings can be adjusted relative to the loading platform.
  • the crossbeam frame of the liquefied gas transfer system is designed to be adjustable in its transverse extent.
  • their spacing from one another can be set individually.
  • the line couplings of the diessiggastransfersystems can be adjusted in their distances to the loading / unloading nozzles of the tanker.
  • the cross member frame having a plurality of mutually displaceably mounted cross member frame elements, wherein the line couplings are connected to different cross member frame elements, so that by spacing or contraction of the cross member frame elements, the distances of the line couplings are adjustable.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a loading platform 2 with a side by side lying moored tanker 20.
  • the position of the tanker 20 along the longitudinal direction of the loading platform 2 is chosen so that for the specific type of tanker 20 as good as possible shielding by the loading platform 2 and thus As low as possible relative movements between the loading platform 2 and the tanker 20 result.
  • the concrete situation can be determined by calculations in advance or by empirical values with the concrete tanker types.
  • the liquefied natural gas transfer system is adjusted along the longitudinal direction of the loading platform to the position resulting from the mooring position of the tanker 20 so that the liquid gas transfer system is aligned with the load / unload nozzles.
  • Fig. 6 the maximum relative movements between loading platform 2 and tanker 20 in three spatial directions x, y and z as a function of the relative longitudinal position, wherein the x-axis in the ship's longitudinal direction, the y-axis in the horizontal plane perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of tanker and loading platform and z -Axis in the vertical direction.
  • the relative movements are plotted as a function of the longitudinal offset, wherein the longitudinal offset is 0 when the tanker is moored exactly in the middle of the loading platform, ie the center of the tanker in the longitudinal direction of the center of the loading platform opposite.
  • the relative movements are standardized so that they amount to 100% with longitudinal offset 0.
  • the fourth graph below shows the average relative motion, which has been obtained by the square root of the sum of the squared relative movements.
  • the curves are the result of a simulation assuming average conditions with waves, wind and ocean currents from the same direction.
  • Two tanker types are compared with each other, namely with a solid line a relatively long tanker and dashed line a shorter tanker whose length is only about 60% of that of the longer tanker. It can be seen in the graphic with the averaged relative movement at the bottom left, that for the longer tanker (solid line) a longitudinal offset of about -75 m is optimal for minimal relative movement, while the shorter tanker already at a smaller longitudinal offset of about - 50 m shows minimal relative movements.
  • the liquefied gas transfer system 30 is configured to adapt to the longitudinal position of the tanker being loaded by moving along the length of the loading platform in that the line couplings the copessiggastransfersystems the loading / unloading nozzle of the respective tanker in the optimal for each tanker longitudinal offset and can be connected to them.
  • the Fig. 7 to 9 show schematic views of the wellssiggastransfersystems.
  • the liquefied gas transfer system 30 has a base 38 which is supported on the loading platform. This base 38 is movably mounted on the loading platform, wherein in Fig. 7 schematically rails 4 are shown extending in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform.
  • the liquid gas transfer system may have a drive (not shown) with which the base 38 can be moved along the rails 4.
  • the liquid gas transfer system 30 is provided with four conduits 31 in the form of flexible corrugated tubes or hoses for frozen liquids.
  • the lines 31 are suspended on a cross member frame 34. Each line 31 terminates in an associated line coupling 32.
  • the line couplings 32 are designed so that they can be connected to standardized loading / unloading nozzles for liquid gases on tankers.
  • the lines 31 are in the Fig. 7 and 8th only shown in the area of the base 38; in fact, they continue to run and are ultimately connected to storage containers on the loading platform.
  • the liquid gas transfer system 30 further comprises a lifting device 36, here in the form of a crane.
  • the lifting device 36 is anchored to the base 38 and carries over two crane arms the cross member frame 34.
  • the lifting device 36 is equipped with hydraulic cylinders with which the crane arms can be raised or lowered vertically, so as to the position of the cross member frame 34 and the associated line clutches 32nd to be able to vary.
  • Fig. 10 schematically a preferred embodiment of the remplissiggastransfersystems is shown, in which case the cross member frame 34 is shown in three settings.
  • the cross member frame 34 is here designed adjustable in its transverse extent, so that the distances between adjacent line couplings 32 are adjustable.
  • the cross-member frame 34 is set to an average transverse extent and in the right-hand illustration to a large extent. According to the setting of telescopically adjustable frame cross member so the distance of the attached line couplings 32 can be varied and adapted to different arrangements of loading / unloading nozzles on tankers.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine schwimmfähige LNG-und/ oder LPG-Verladeplattform zum Sammeln, Prozessieren und Speichern von zugeführtem Erdgas und zur Verladung von verflüssigtem Erdgas in Form von LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) und/oder LPG (Liquefied Petrol Gas) auf Tankschiffe, mit: einem länglichen Rumpf mit Verankerungseinrichtungen an dessen einem Ende, die so ausgestaltet sind, dass der Rumpf frei drehbar relativ zu einem Verankerungspunkt am Meeresgrund verankerbar ist, Vertäuungseinrichtungen zum Vertäuen eines Tankschiffs Seite an Seite an dem Rumpf, einem Flüssiggastransfersystem mit einer Mehrzahl von Leitungen, die in Leitungskupplungen münden, die zum Anschluss an standardmäßige Lade/Entlade-Stutzen an Tankschiffen ausgelegt sind. Eine Verladeplattform gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aud der US20100300545 bekannt.The present invention relates to a buoyant LNG and / or LPG loading platform for collecting, processing and storing supplied natural gas and for loading liquefied natural gas in the form of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and / or LPG (Liquefied Petrol Gas) on tankers, comprising: an elongated hull having anchoring means at one end thereof adapted to anchor the hull freely rotatable relative to an anchoring point at the seabed, mooring means for mooring a tanker side by side on the hull, a liquefied gas transfer system having a plurality of conduits leading to line couplings designed to be connected to standard loading / unloading nozzles on tankers. A loading platform according to the preamble of claim 1 is aud US20100300545 known.

Eine derartige Verladeplattform wurde von Shell unter dem Projektnamen "Prelude FLNG" (Floating Liquefied Natural Gas Facility) vorgestellt. Die Prelude-Plattform hat einen länglichen Rumpf, der eine Länge von 488 m und eine Breite von 74 m hat.Such a loading platform was introduced by Shell under the project name "Prelude FLNG" (Floating Liquefied Natural Gas Facility). The Prelude platform has an elongated hull that is 488 meters long and 74 meters wide.

Es sind Verankerungseinrichtungen an einem Ende des Rumpfes vorgesehen, die so ausgestaltet sind, dass der Rumpf frei drehbar relativ zu einem Verankerungspunkt am Meeresgrund verankerbar ist; solche Verankerungseinrichtungen werden auch als "Turret Mooring Systems" bezeichnet. Die Verladeplattform ist ferner mit Leitungen versehen, die zu verschiedenen in der Umgebung am Meeresgrund befindlichen Förderanlagen für Erdgas führen. Das zugeleitete Erdgas wird auf der Verladeplattform verfahrenstechnisch prozessiert und anschließend in verflüssigtem Zustand in Form von LNG und/oder LPG lieferfertig in Speichern auf der Verladeplattform gelagert. Das so prozessierte LNG und/oder LPG wird auf Tankschiffe für Flüssiggas verladen und zu den Verbrauchsorten transportiert. Zum Andocken der Tankschiffe Seite an Seite sind am Rumpf der Verladeplattform Vertäuungseinrichtungen vorgesehen. Ferner ist auf der Verladeplattform ein Flüssiggastransfersystem mit einer Mehrzahl von voneinander unabhängig gehandhabten Leitungen vorgesehen, die jeweils in eine mit der Leitung verbundene Leitungskupplung münden. Diese Leitungskupplungen sind zum Anschluss an standardmäßige Lade/Entlade-Stutzen an Tankschiffen ausgelegt. Das Flüssiggastransfersystem besitzt jeweils einzeln zu handhabende Hebevorrichtungen, mit denen die Leitungsenden so positioniert werden können, dass die Leitungskupplungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems unmittelbar vor den standardmäßigen Lade/Entlade-Stutzen an dem Tankschiff liegen und jeweils einzeln miteinander gekoppelt werden können, um LNG und/oder LPG aus den Speichern der Verladeplattform in ein angedocktes Tankschiff fördern zu können. Die Leitungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems werden durch feste Rohre gebildet, die über Drehgelenke miteinander verbunden sind und sich damit beweglich an die Position der Lade/Entlade-Stutzen anpassen bzw. ihnen folgen können. Das Flüssiggastransfersystem ist in Längsrichtung der Verladeplattform an einem festgelegten Ort fest montiert. Das Tankschiff muss daher so an der Verladeplattform festgemacht werden, dass die in Längsrichtung des Tankschiffes ebenfalls an einem festen Ort liegenden Lade/Entlade-Stutzen und die Leitungskupplungen in engen Grenzen in Ausrichtung zueinander sind, so dass die Leitungskupplungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems mit den Lade/Entlade-Stutzen des Tankschiffs gekoppelt werden können.There are anchoring means provided at one end of the hull, which are designed so that the hull is freely rotatable relative to an anchoring point anchored to the seabed; such anchoring devices are also referred to as "turret mooring systems". The loading platform is further provided with lines leading to various natural gas production facilities located at the bottom of the sea. The natural gas fed in is process-technically processed on the loading platform and then stored in the liquefied state in the form of LNG and / or LPG ready to be stored in stores on the loading platform. The LNG and / or LPG processed in this way is loaded onto tankers for LPG and transported to the consumption locations. To dock the tankers side by side mooring facilities are provided on the hull of the loading platform. Further, on the Verladeplattform a Flüssiggastransfersystem provided with a plurality of independently handled lines, each of which opens into a conduit coupling connected to the line. These line couplings are designed for connection to standard charging / discharging ports on tankers. The liquefied natural gas transfer system has individually operable jacks that can be used to position the conduit ends such that the liquid gas transfer system conduit couplings are immediately prior to the standard charge / discharge port on the tanker and can be individually coupled to one another to supply LNG and / or LPG to be able to extract from the storages of the loading platform into a docked tanker. The lines of the Flüssiggastransfersystems are formed by solid tubes, which are connected to each other via hinges and thus can adapt to the position of the loading / unloading nozzles and can follow them. The liquid gas transfer system is fixedly mounted in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform at a fixed location. The tanker must therefore be moored to the loading platform such that the loading / unloading spigots also located at a fixed location in the longitudinal direction of the tanker and the line couplings are in close alignment with each other, so that the line couplings of the LPG transport system with the loading / unloading Socket of the tanker can be coupled.

Der Drehbarkeit der Verankerung der Verladeplattform am Meeresboden liegt folgende Überlegung zugrunde. Eine solche Verankerung erlaubt es, dass sich die Verladeplattform ohne aktives Zutun zu den anlaufenden Wellen, zum Wind und zur Meeresströmung derart ausrichtet, dass sie den geringsten Widerstand bietet. Dies ist schematisch in Fig. 1 dargestellt, worin eine Verladeplattform 2 mit einer drehbaren Verankerung 6 von oben dargestellt ist. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Situation sind Wellen, Wind und Meeresströmung gleich gerichtet, und die Verladeplattform 2 hat sich dann so ausgerichtet, dass ihre Längsrichtung parallel zur Richtung von Wellen, Wind und Strömung liegt. In Fig. 2 ist die Situation dargestellt, dass Wellen, Wind und Strömung aus unterschiedlichen Richtungen auf die Verladeplattform 2 treffen; aufgrund der freien Drehbarkeit um die Verankerung 6 richtet sich die Verladeplattform 2 dann so aus, dass der Gesamtwiderstand gegenüber Wellen, Wind und Strömung minimal ist.The rotation of the anchoring of the loading platform on the seabed is based on the following consideration. Such anchoring allows the loading platform to align with the incoming waves, wind, and ocean currents without active intervention to provide the least resistance. This is schematically in Fig. 1 which shows a loading platform 2 with a rotatable anchoring 6 from above. In the in Fig. 1 waves, wind and ocean currents are the same, and the loading platform 2 has then aligned so that its longitudinal direction is parallel to the direction of waves, wind and flow. In Fig. 2 the situation is shown that waves, wind and flow hit the loading platform 2 from different directions; due to the free rotation about the anchorage 6, the loading platform 2 then aligns so that the total resistance to waves, wind and flow is minimal.

In Fig. 3 ist die Fig. 1 entsprechende Situation mit Wellen, Wind und Strömung aus gleicher Richtung gezeigt, wobei nun ein Tankschiff 20 an der Verladeplattform 2 vertäut ist. In diesem Fall weist das System aus Verladeplattform 2 und daran vertäutem Tankschiff 20 eine Asymmetrie auf, die dazu führt, dass ein Drehmoment auf das System aus Verladeplattform 2 und Tankschiff 20 ausgeübt wird, wobei das Drehmoment die von dem Tankschiff abgewandte Längsseite der Verladeplattform 2 in den einlaufenden Wellengang, Wind und die Meeresströmung dreht. Der Zustand des niedrigsten Gesamtwiderstands von Verladeplattform 2 mit dem daran vertäuten Tankschiff 20 wird so in einer Stellung erreicht, in der das Tankschiff 20 auf derjenigen Längsseite der Verladeplattform 2 liegt, die gegenüber einlaufendem Wellengang, Wind und Strömung leicht abgewandt ist. In Fig. 4 ist eine entsprechende Situation dargestellt, in der nun Wellen, Wind und Meeresströmung aus unterschiedlichen Richtungen kommen.In Fig. 3 is the Fig. 1 corresponding situation with waves, wind and flow shown from the same direction, now a tanker 20 is moored to the loading platform 2. In this case, the loading platform 2 system and tanker 20 moored thereto have an asymmetry that results in torque being applied to the deck 2 and tanker 20 system, the torque being the longitudinal side of the docking platform 2 facing away from the tanker the incoming waves, wind and the ocean current turns. The state of lowest total resistance of loading platform 2 with the tanker 20 moored to it is thus achieved in a position in which the tanker 20 lies on that longitudinal side of the loading platform 2, which is slightly opposite to incoming swell, wind and current. In Fig. 4 a corresponding situation is presented in which waves, wind and ocean currents come from different directions.

Tatsächlich ist diese Verdrehung der Verladeplattform 2 auch erwünscht, denn es ergibt sich dadurch der Effekt, dass das Tankschiff 20 in gewissem Umfang im "Wellenschatten" der Verladeplattform 2 liegt, d.h. die dem Tankschiff 20 zugewandte Seite der Verladeplattform 2 ist leicht von der Richtung des Wellengangs abgewandt. Unter typischen Bedingungen von Wellengang, Wind und Strömung neigt sich die Verladeplattform 2 um bis zu 30° zu dem eingehenden Wellengang. Dadurch wird ein geschützter Bereich im "Wellenschatten" der Verladeplattform geschaffen, in dem das Tankschiff liegt. Durch die Lage im Wellenschatten werden Relativbewegungen zwischen Verladeplattform 2 und daran verankertem Tankschiff 20 verringert. Dies ist von großer Bedeutung, um die Belastung auf die Vertäuung und die Bewegung und Belastung auf das angekoppelte Flüssiggastransfersystem in tolerierbaren Grenzen zu halten.In fact, this twisting of the loading platform 2 is also desirable because it results in the effect that the tanker 20 is to some extent in the "wave shadow" of the loading platform 2, ie the tanker 20 side facing the loading platform 2 is slightly from the direction of Facing away from swell. Under typical conditions of swell, wind and current, the loading platform 2 tilts up to 30 ° to the incoming waves. This will be a protected Area created in the "wave shadow" of the loading platform in which the tanker is located. The position in the wave shadow relative movements between the loading platform 2 and anchored tanker 20 are reduced. This is of great importance in order to keep the load on the mooring and the movement and load on the coupled liquefied natural gas transfer system within tolerable limits.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Verladeplattform der oben beschriebenen Art so zu verbessern, dass sie an den Typ des zu vertäuenden und zu befüllenden Tankschiffs anpassbar ist, so dass die Relativbewegungen zwischen Tankschiff und Verladeplattform aufgrund von Wellen, Wind und Strömung abhängig vom Tankschifftyp möglichst gering sein können. Insbesondere soll die Vertäuung und Befüllung des Tankschiffs an der Verladeplattform in einer solchen Weise möglich sein, dass das Tankschiff abhängig vom Typ des Tankschiffes in möglichst großem Maße im Wellenschatten der Verladeplattform liegt, um so eine Konstellation von Verladeplattform und daran vertäutem Tankschiff zu schaffen, in der die Relativbewegungen zwischen Verladeplattform und Tankschiff verringert sind.It is an object of the present invention to improve a loading platform of the type described above so that it is adaptable to the type of tanker to be moored and filled, so that the relative movements between tanker and loading platform due to waves, wind and flow depending on the tanker type can be as low as possible. In particular, the mooring and filling of the tanker at the loading platform should be possible in such a way that the tanker depends on the type of tanker in the maximum extent in the wave shadow of the loading platform, so as to create a constellation of loading platform and moored tanker, in the relative movements between loading platform and tanker are reduced.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Verladeplattform sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.To achieve this object, the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the loading platform according to the invention are listed in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass das Flüssiggastransfersystem in Längsrichtung des Rumpfes verfahrbar auf der Verladeplattform gelagert ist, so dass die Positionierung der Leitungskupplungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems und damit die der Leitungskupplungen an eine gewünschte Vertäuungsposition eines Tankschiffs in Längsrichtung des Rumpfs der Verladeplattform anpassbar ist. Mit der gewünschten Vertäuungsposition des Tankschiffs ergibt sich auch die Lage der Lade/Entlade-Stutzen in Längsrichtung des Rumpfes der Verladeplattform, auf die die Lage des Flüssiggastransfersystems einstellbar ist, so dass sich Lade/Entlade-Stutzen und Leitungskupplungen gegenüberliegen, wenn sich das betroffene Tankschiff in der optimalen Längsposition an der Verladeplattform befindet.According to the invention, it is provided that the liquefied gas transfer system is mounted movably on the loading platform in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage so that the positioning of the line couplings of the liquefied gas transfer system and thus of the line couplings can be adapted to a desired mooring position of a tanker in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform. With the desired mooring position of the tanker also results in the location of the loading / unloading nozzle in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform to which the position of the Flüssiggastransfersystems is adjustable so that charge / discharge nozzle and line couplings face each other when the affected tanker is in the optimal longitudinal position on the loading platform.

Im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung hat sich herausgestellt, dass die durch die Schrägstellung der Verladeplattform gegenüber der Richtung des eingehenden Wellengangs und die dadurch bewirkte Abschirmung des an der Verladeplattform vertäuten Tankschiffs sich abhängig vom Typ des Tankschiffs, zum Beispiel abhängig von dessen Länge, Breite, Tiefgang etc., in der Weise optimieren lässt, dass Relativbewegungen zwischen Tankschiff und Verladeplattform möglichst gering sind, indem das Tankschiff in einer danach gut geeigneten Längsposition in Längsrichtung der Verladeplattform daran vertäut wird. Da die Lage der Lade/Entlade-Stutzen an den Tankschiffen in deren Längsrichtung für ein gegebenes Tankschiff fest vorgegeben und nicht variabel ist, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das Flüssiggastransfersystem in Längsrichtung des Rumpfes der Verladeplattform verfahrbar darauf gelagert ist, so dass jedes Tankschiff eines gegebenen Typs in gewünschter Lage in Längsrichtung an der Verladeplattform daran vertäut werden kann, um Relativbewegungen zwischen Tankschiff und Verladeplattform möglichst gering zu halten, und das Flüssiggastransfersystem auf die sich daraus ergebende Stellung der Lade/Entlade-Stutzen an dem Tankschiff eingestellt werden kann.In the context of the present invention, it has been found that the tank vessel moored by the inclination of the docking platform with respect to the direction of the incoming swell and the shielding of the tanker moored thereby depends on the type of tanker, for example, depending on its length, width, Draft etc., can be optimized in such a way that relative movements between the tanker and loading platform are as small as possible by the tanker is moored in a then well suited longitudinal position in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform of it. Since the location of the loading / unloading nozzles on the tankers in the longitudinal direction for a given tanker is fixed and not variable, the invention provides that the Flüssiggastransfersystem is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform movable thereon, so that each tanker of a given Type in the desired position in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform can be moored thereto to minimize relative movements between tanker and loading platform, and the Flüssiggastransfersystem can be adjusted to the resulting position of the loading / unloading nozzles on the tanker.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist das Flüssiggastransfersystem eine verfahrbar auf der Verladeplattform gelagerte Basis auf, an der eine Trägerstruktur montiert ist. Die Trägerstruktur hält einen quer verlaufenden Querträgerrahmen, an dem die Mehrzahl von Leitungen mit den Leitungskupplungen reihenförmig nebeneinander angeordnet aufgehängt sind.In an advantageous embodiment, the LPG transport system has a base movably mounted on the loading platform, on which a support structure is mounted. The support structure holds a transverse transverse support frame on which the plurality of ducts with the line couplings are suspended in rows arranged side by side.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weisen die Leitungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems flexible Leitungen in Form von flexiblen Wellrohren oder Schläuchen für tiefgekühlte Flüssigkeiten auf. Durch die Flexibilität der Leitungen kann sich das Flüssiggastransfersystem an die sich im Seegang ständig ändernde Lage der Lade/Entlade-Stutzen eines Tankschiffs anpassen. In einer insoweit weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Trägerstruktur des Flüssiggastransfersystems eine Hebeeinrichtung auf einer verfahrbar auf der Verladeplattform gelagerten Basis auf. Der Querträgerrahmen wird von der Hebeeinrichtung gehalten, so dass die vertikale Stellung des Querträgerrahmens und damit die der Leitungskupplungen relativ zur Verladeplattform eingestellt werden kann.In an advantageous embodiment, the lines of the liquefied natural gas transfer system have flexible lines in the form of flexible corrugated tubes or hoses for frozen liquids. Due to the flexibility of the pipes, the liquid gas transfer system can adapt to the constantly changing sea state of the loading / unloading ports of a tanker. In a further preferred embodiment, the support structure of the liquefied gas transfer system has a lifting device on a base movably mounted on the loading platform. The cross member frame is held by the lifting device, so that the vertical position of the cross member frame and thus the line couplings can be adjusted relative to the loading platform.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Querträgerrahmen des Flüssiggastransfersystems in seiner Querausdehnung verstellbar ausgestaltet. Dadurch kann in der von dem Querträgerrahmen gehaltenen reihenförmigen Anordnung von Leitungskupplungen deren Abstand voneinander individuell eingestellt werden. Auf diese Weise können die Leitungskupplungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems in ihren Abständen an die der Lade/Entlade-Stutzen des Tankschiffs angepasst werden. Dazu kann in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Querträgerrahmen eine Mehrzahl von gegeneinander verschiebbar gelagerten Querträgerrahmenelementen aufweisen, wobei die Leitungskupplungen mit unterschiedlichen Querträgerrahmenelementen verbunden sind, so dass durch Auseinanderstellen oder Zusammenziehen der Querträgerrahmenelemente die Abstände der Leitungskupplungen einstellbar sind.In a preferred embodiment, the crossbeam frame of the liquefied gas transfer system is designed to be adjustable in its transverse extent. As a result, in the row-shaped arrangement of line couplings held by the cross-member frame, their spacing from one another can be set individually. In this way, the line couplings of the Flüssiggastransfersystems can be adjusted in their distances to the loading / unloading nozzles of the tanker. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, the cross member frame having a plurality of mutually displaceably mounted cross member frame elements, wherein the line couplings are connected to different cross member frame elements, so that by spacing or contraction of the cross member frame elements, the distances of the line couplings are adjustable.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen beschrieben, in denen:

  • Fig. 1 bis 4 schematische Ansichten einer Verladeplattform von oben gemäß Stand der Technik sind,
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Verladeplattform von oben ist,
  • Fig. 6 Maße für die maximalen Relativbewegungen zwischen Verladeplattform und daran vertäutem Tankschiff als Funktion der Relativposition in Längsrichtung der Verladeplattform für zwei verschiedene Tankschifftypen in einer typischen Konstellation von Wellengang, Wind und Strömung zeigt,
  • Fig. 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Flüssiggastransfersystems zeigt,
  • Fig. 8 eine Seitenansicht des Flüssiggastransfersystems zeigt und
  • Fig. 9 eine Vorderansicht des Flüssiggastransfersystems zeigt.
The invention will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 to 4 are schematic views of a loading platform from above according to the prior art,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a loading platform according to the invention from above,
  • Fig. 6 Measures for the maximum relative movements between the loading platform and the tanker moored thereto as a function of the longitudinal relative position of the loading platform for two different type of tankers in a typical constellation of swell, wind and current,
  • Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a Flüssiggastransfersystems,
  • Fig. 8 a side view of the Flüssiggastransfersystems shows and
  • Fig. 9 a front view of the Flüssiggastransfersystems shows.

Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch eine Verladeplattform 2 mit einem daran Seite an Seite liegend vertäuten Tankschiff 20. Die Position des Tankschiffs 20 entlang der Längsrichtung der Verladeplattform 2 ist so gewählt, dass sich für den konkreten Typ des Tankschiffs 20 eine möglichst gute Abschirmung durch die Verladeplattform 2 und damit möglichst geringe Relativbewegungen zwischen der Verladeplattform 2 und dem Tankschiff 20 ergeben. Die konkrete Lage kann durch Berechnungen vorab oder durch Erfahrungswerte mit den konkreten Tankschifftypen festgelegt werden. Das Flüssiggastransfersystem ist entlang der Längsrichtung der Verladeplattform auf die sich aus der Vertäuungsposition des Tankschiffs 20 ergebende Position eingestellt, so dass das Flüssiggastransfersystem zu den Lade/Entlade-Stutzen ausgerichtet ist. Fig. 5 schematically shows a loading platform 2 with a side by side lying moored tanker 20. The position of the tanker 20 along the longitudinal direction of the loading platform 2 is chosen so that for the specific type of tanker 20 as good as possible shielding by the loading platform 2 and thus As low as possible relative movements between the loading platform 2 and the tanker 20 result. The concrete situation can be determined by calculations in advance or by empirical values with the concrete tanker types. The liquefied natural gas transfer system is adjusted along the longitudinal direction of the loading platform to the position resulting from the mooring position of the tanker 20 so that the liquid gas transfer system is aligned with the load / unload nozzles.

Als Beispiel zeigt Fig. 6 die maximalen Relativbewegungen zwischen Verladeplattform 2 und Tankschiff 20 in drei Raumrichtungen x, y und z als Funktion der relativen Längsposition, wobei die x-Achse in Schiffslängsrichtung, die y-Achse in der horizontalen Ebene senkrecht zu den Längsrichtungen von Tankschiff und Verladeplattform und die z-Achse in vertikaler Richtung verläuft. Die Relativbewegungen sind als Funktion des Längsversatzes aufgetragen, wobei der Längsversatz 0 beträgt, wenn das Tankschiff genau mittig an der Verladeplattform festgemacht ist, d.h. Mitte des Tankschiffes in Längsrichtung der Mitte der Verladeplattform gegenüberliegt. Die Relativbewegungen sind so normiert, dass sie bei Längsversatz 0 100% betragen. Als vierte Graphik ist unten rechts die mittlere Relativbewegung aufgetragen, die durch die Quadratwurzel der Summe der quadrierten Relativbewegungen erhalten worden ist. Die Kurven sind das Ergebnis einer Simulation, wobei durchschnittliche Bedingungen mit Wellen, Wind und Meeresströmung aus dergleichen Richtung angenommen wurden. Dabei sind zwei Tankschifftypen miteinander verglichen, nämlich mit durchzogener Linie ein relativ langes Tankschiff und mit gestrichelter Linie ein kürzeres Tankschiff, dessen Länge nur etwa 60% derjenigen des längeren Tankschiffs beträgt. Es ist in der Graphik mit der gemittelten Relativbewegung unten links zu erkennen, dass sich für das längere Tankschiff (durchgezogene Linie) ein Längsversatz von etwa -75 m als optimal für minimale Relativbewegung zeigt, während das kürzere Tankschiff bereits bei einem geringeren Längsversatz von etwa -50 m minimale Relativbewegungen zeigt.As an example shows Fig. 6 the maximum relative movements between loading platform 2 and tanker 20 in three spatial directions x, y and z as a function of the relative longitudinal position, wherein the x-axis in the ship's longitudinal direction, the y-axis in the horizontal plane perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of tanker and loading platform and z -Axis in the vertical direction. The relative movements are plotted as a function of the longitudinal offset, wherein the longitudinal offset is 0 when the tanker is moored exactly in the middle of the loading platform, ie the center of the tanker in the longitudinal direction of the center of the loading platform opposite. The relative movements are standardized so that they amount to 100% with longitudinal offset 0. The fourth graph below shows the average relative motion, which has been obtained by the square root of the sum of the squared relative movements. The curves are the result of a simulation assuming average conditions with waves, wind and ocean currents from the same direction. Two tanker types are compared with each other, namely with a solid line a relatively long tanker and dashed line a shorter tanker whose length is only about 60% of that of the longer tanker. It can be seen in the graphic with the averaged relative movement at the bottom left, that for the longer tanker (solid line) a longitudinal offset of about -75 m is optimal for minimal relative movement, while the shorter tanker already at a smaller longitudinal offset of about - 50 m shows minimal relative movements.

Damit das jeweilige Tankschiff in der günstigsten Relativposition entlang der Länge der Verladeplattform vertäut und dort beladen werden kann, ist das Flüssiggastransfersystem 30 so ausgestaltet, dass es sich an die Längsposition des zu beladenen Tankschiffs anpassen kann, indem es entlang der Länge der Verladeplattform so verfahren wird, dass die Leitungskupplungen des Flüssiggastransfersystems den Lade/Entlade-Stutzen des jeweiligen Tankschiffs in dem für das jeweilige Tankschiff optimalen Längsversatz gegenüberliegen und mit diesen verbunden werden können.In order for the respective tanker to be moored and loaded in the most favorable relative position along the length of the loading platform, the liquefied gas transfer system 30 is configured to adapt to the longitudinal position of the tanker being loaded by moving along the length of the loading platform in that the line couplings the Flüssiggastransfersystems the loading / unloading nozzle of the respective tanker in the optimal for each tanker longitudinal offset and can be connected to them.

Die Fig. 7 bis 9 zeigen schematische Ansichten des Flüssiggastransfersystems. Das Flüssiggastransfersystem 30 hat eine Basis 38, die an der Verladeplattform gehalten ist. Diese Basis 38 ist verfahrbar auf der Verladeplattform gelagert, wobei in Fig. 7 schematisch Schienen 4 gezeigt sind, die in Längsrichtung der Verladeplattform verlaufen. Das Flüssiggastransfersystem kann einen Antrieb (nicht gezeigt) haben, mit dem die Basis 38 entlang der Schienen 4 verfahren werden kann.The Fig. 7 to 9 show schematic views of the Flüssiggastransfersystems. The liquefied gas transfer system 30 has a base 38 which is supported on the loading platform. This base 38 is movably mounted on the loading platform, wherein in Fig. 7 schematically rails 4 are shown extending in the longitudinal direction of the loading platform. The liquid gas transfer system may have a drive (not shown) with which the base 38 can be moved along the rails 4.

Das Flüssiggastransfersystem 30 ist mit vier Leitungen 31 in Form von flexiblen Wellrohren oder Schläuchen für tiefgekühlte Flüssigkeiten versehen. Die Leitungen 31 sind an einem Querträgerrahmen 34 aufgehängt. Jede Leitung 31 mündet in eine zugehörige Leitungskupplung 32. Die Leitungskupplungen 32 sind so ausgebildet, dass sie mit standardisierten Lade/Entlade-Stutzen für Flüssiggase auf Tankschiffen verbindbar sind. Die Leitungen 31 sind in den Fig. 7 und 8 nur bis in den Bereich der Basis 38 dargestellt; tatsächlich verlaufen sie weiter und sind letztlich mit Speicherbehältern auf der Verladeplattform verbunden.The liquid gas transfer system 30 is provided with four conduits 31 in the form of flexible corrugated tubes or hoses for frozen liquids. The lines 31 are suspended on a cross member frame 34. Each line 31 terminates in an associated line coupling 32. The line couplings 32 are designed so that they can be connected to standardized loading / unloading nozzles for liquid gases on tankers. The lines 31 are in the Fig. 7 and 8th only shown in the area of the base 38; in fact, they continue to run and are ultimately connected to storage containers on the loading platform.

Das Flüssiggastransfersystem 30 weist weiter eine Hebeeinrichtung 36, hier in Form eines Krans, auf. Die Hebeeinrichtung 36 ist an der Basis 38 verankert und trägt über zwei Kranarme den Querträgerrahmen 34. Die Hebeeinrichtung 36 ist mit Hydraulikzylindern ausgerüstet, mit denen die Kranarme vertikal angehoben oder abgesenkt werden können, um so die Lage des Querträgerrahmens 34 und den damit verbundenen Leitungskupplungen 32 variieren zu können.The liquid gas transfer system 30 further comprises a lifting device 36, here in the form of a crane. The lifting device 36 is anchored to the base 38 and carries over two crane arms the cross member frame 34. The lifting device 36 is equipped with hydraulic cylinders with which the crane arms can be raised or lowered vertically, so as to the position of the cross member frame 34 and the associated line clutches 32nd to be able to vary.

In Fig. 10 ist schematisch eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Flüssiggastransfersystems gezeigt, wobei hier der Querträgerrahmen 34 in drei Einstellungen dargestellt ist. Der Querträgerrahmen 34 ist hier in seiner Querausdehnung verstellbar ausgebildet, so dass die Abstände zwischen benachbarten Leitungskupplungen 32 einstellbar sind. In der linken Darstellung ist der Querträgerrahmen 34 mit einer geringen Querausdehnung dargestellt. In der mittleren Darstellung ist der Querträgerrahmen 34 auf eine mittlere Querausdehnung eingestellt und in der rechten Darstellung auf eine große Ausdehnung. Entsprechend der Einstellung von teleskopartig ausstellbaren Rahmenquerträgerelementen kann so der Abstand der daran befestigten Leitungskupplungen 32 variiert und an verschiedene Anordnungen von Lade/Entlade-Stutzen auf Tankschiffen angepasst werden.In Fig. 10 schematically a preferred embodiment of the Flüssiggastransfersystems is shown, in which case the cross member frame 34 is shown in three settings. The cross member frame 34 is here designed adjustable in its transverse extent, so that the distances between adjacent line couplings 32 are adjustable. In the left illustration of the cross member frame 34 is shown with a small transverse extent. In the middle illustration, the cross-member frame 34 is set to an average transverse extent and in the right-hand illustration to a large extent. According to the setting of telescopically adjustable frame cross member so the distance of the attached line couplings 32 can be varied and adapted to different arrangements of loading / unloading nozzles on tankers.

Claims (6)

  1. A floatable LNG and/or LPG loading platform (2) for collecting, processing and storing supplied natural gas and for loading of liquefied natural gas in form of LNG and/or LPG on tankers, comprising:
    an elongated hull having anchoring means (6) on one of its ends, which anchoring means are adapted such that the hull can be anchored in a way free to rotate relative to an anchoring point on the seabed,
    mooring means for mooring a tanker side by side on the hull,
    a liquid gas transfer system (30) including a plurality of pipelines (31) which open out into pipeline couplers (32) which are adapted to be connected to standard loading/unloading manifolds on tankers,
    characterized in that
    the liquid gas transfer system (30) is mounted on the loading platform (2) to be displaceable in longitudinal direction of the hull, such that the location of the pipeline couplers (32) of the liquid gas transfer system (30) can be adapted to a desired mooring position of a tanker in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the loading platform.
  2. Floatable LNG and/or LPG loading platform (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid gas transfer system comprises a base (38) which is displaceable in longitudinal direction of the loading platform, on which base a carrier structure is mounted which carries a transversely extending crossbeam (34) on which the plurality of pipelines (31) are suspended with their pipeline couplers (32) disposed in a row next to each other.
  3. Floatable LNG and/or LPG loading platform (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the pipelines (31) of the liquid gas transfer system (30) are flexible pipelines in the form of flexible corrugated pipes or hoses for deeply refrigerated liquids.
  4. Floatable LNG and/or LPG loading platform (2) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the carrier structure of the liquid gas transfer system comprises a lifting device (36) which is supported by the base which is mounted on the loading platform to be displaceable, which lifting device acts on the crossbeam (34) to be able to adjust the vertical position of the crossbeam (34) and of the pipeline couplers (32) relative to the loading platform.
  5. Floatable LNG and/or LPG loading platform (2) according to any of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the crossbeam (34) of the liquid gas transfer system (30) is arranged to be adjustable in its transverse extension to make the distances of neighboring pipeline couplers (32) in the serial arrangement of pipeline couplers held by the crossbeam (34) adjustable.
  6. Floatable LNG and/or LPG loading platform (2) according to any of the claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the crossbeam (34) comprises a plurality of crossbeam elements which are mounted to each other to be displaceable with respect to each other, and that the pipeline couplers (32) are connected to different crossbeam elements, such that the distances of the pipeline couplers (32) are adjustable by extending or contracting the crossbeam elements.
EP13001805.4A 2013-04-08 2013-04-08 Floating lng and/or lpg production, storage and loading platform Not-in-force EP2789531B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019134474A1 (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-10-29 Brugg Rohr Ag Holding Fuel supply device for cryogenic fuels

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104608880B (en) * 2014-10-21 2017-02-01 中国海洋石油总公司 Large floating liquefied natural gas production, storage and unloading device
NL2017614B1 (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-09-07 Shell Int Research Method and system for side-by-side offloading of liquid natural gas

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GB2399329B (en) * 2003-03-13 2005-02-02 Bluewater Energy Services Bv Mooring apparatus
WO2004099062A1 (en) * 2003-05-05 2004-11-18 Single Buoy Moorings Inc. Connector for articulated hydrocarbon fluid transfer arm
FR2920753B1 (en) * 2007-09-12 2010-11-19 Technip France INSTALLATION FOR TRANSFERRING A FLUID BETWEEN A TRANSPORT SHIP AND A FIXED STRUCTURE
FR2923453B1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-12-11 Technip France FLUID TRANSFER INSTALLATION BETWEEN A FIRST VESSEL AND A SECOND FLOATING VESSEL ON A WATER EXTEND, TRANSPORT ASSEMBLY AND METHOD THEREFOR.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019134474A1 (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-10-29 Brugg Rohr Ag Holding Fuel supply device for cryogenic fuels

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