EP2784788A1 - Câble et procédé pour fabriquer un câble - Google Patents

Câble et procédé pour fabriquer un câble Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2784788A1
EP2784788A1 EP13161531.2A EP13161531A EP2784788A1 EP 2784788 A1 EP2784788 A1 EP 2784788A1 EP 13161531 A EP13161531 A EP 13161531A EP 2784788 A1 EP2784788 A1 EP 2784788A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
electrical conductor
primary electrical
rip
rip cord
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13161531.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Kohen
Robert Zorad
Peter Bernasch
Otto Schumacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd filed Critical Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Priority to EP13161531.2A priority Critical patent/EP2784788A1/fr
Publication of EP2784788A1 publication Critical patent/EP2784788A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1895—Particular features or applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/38—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation
    • H01B7/385—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation comprising a rip cord or wire

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cable comprising at least one primary electrical conductor, wherein said primary electrical conductor has a basically tubular shape.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a cable of the aforementioned type.
  • the quality of the installation and the reliability of the installed cable significantly depend on the quality of the workmanship.
  • this object is achieved by said cable comprising at least one rip cord which is arranged in a radial inner section of said primary electrical conductor.
  • the cable may comprise further components such as further conductors or optical fibres or the like which are comprised in a radially inner section with respect to the primary electrical conductor.
  • the principle of the present embodiments which enables to sever the primary electrical conductor, especially to provide a cut or a slit which extends substantially in an axial direction with respect to the cable, advantageously enables to remove the so cut out or severed primary electrical conductor from the cable without the requirement of shifting it over an end portion of the cable.
  • the principle according to the embodiments may even be applied to cables with electrical conductors that have a comparatively large wall thickness.
  • said at least one rip cord is suitable for splitting (i.e., severing) at least a portion of the primary electrical conductor and/or for splitting at least a portion of a component of said cable which is arranged radially outward of said primary electrical conductor.
  • the splitting is preferably effected along a substantially axial direction with respect to the cable.
  • not only the primary electrical conductor itself may be severed by means of the rip cord, but also further layers of the cable which may e.g. surround the primary electrical conductor.
  • both the primary electrical conductor and potentially surrounding material such as an electrically isolating jacket or filling material and the like may be slitted or severed.
  • more than one rip cord is arranged in a radially inner section of the primary electrical conductor, which enables to define various, preferably basically axial, slits within the electrical conductor.
  • a basically tubular shaped electrical conductor may e.g. be cut into two pieces along a specific axial section of the cable whereby these pieces may easily be removed by pulling them away from the cable in a basically radial direction.
  • two rip cords are arranged in a radial opposite position, i.e. with a respective angular distance of about 180 degrees.
  • the tubular shaped electrical conductor may be cut into two basically identical pieces each of which has the shape of a half portion of a hollow cylinder.
  • At least two rip cords are arranged in said radially inner section of the primary electrical conductor with a relative angular distance of about 100 degrees to about 180 degrees, which facilitates removing the primary electrical conductor in respective sections of the cable.
  • said cable comprises at least one further electrical conductor, wherein said further electrical conductor has a basically tubular shape and is arranged substantially coaxial with respect to the primary electrical conductor (i.e., radially inside or radially outside thereof), and wherein at least one rip cord is provided which is arranged in a radially inner section of said further electrical conductor.
  • said further electrical conductor may advantageously be severed according to the principle of the embodiments.
  • At least one respective rip cord may be provided within a radially inner section of the respective electrical conductor so that each of said conductors may be severed by applying a tensile force to the respective rip cord.
  • there are two or more coaxially arranged electrical conductors which may e.g. have a tubular shape each, and there is provided at least one rip cord only within a radially inner section of the radially innermost electrical conductor.
  • electrical conductors may e.g. have a tubular shape each, and there is provided at least one rip cord only within a radially inner section of the radially innermost electrical conductor.
  • an electrically isolating jacket is provided radially outward of an electrical conductor of said cable, and at least one rip cord is arranged on a radially outer surface of said isolating jacket.
  • the mentioned rip cord may be used to sever the respective electrical conductor being arranged radially outside of the isolating jacket the rip cord is provided on.
  • a wall thickness of at least one of said electrical conductor ranges from about 0.1 mm (millimeter) to about 2.0 mm, preferably from about 0.2 mm to about 0.8 mm. Applicant's analysis has shown that it is possible to provide rip cords which are strong, i.e. stable, enough to provide tensile forces sufficient for severing even massive metallic electrical conductors of the afore-mentioned wall thickness ranges. According to further embodiments, by providing a suitably robust rip cord, even electrical conductors having larger wall thicknesses may be precisely severed.
  • At least one of said electrical conductors of the cable comprises at least one length section that is corrugated, which enables easy bending and adaptation of the cable to a specific target system or mounting situation. According to applicant's analysis, even corrugated electrical conductors may efficiently be severed by using one or more rip cords according to the embodiments.
  • At least one of the rip cords comprises a length marking which visually indicates an axial length coordinate of said rip cord or said cable comprising the rip cord, respectively, which facilitates on-site installation of the cable.
  • a precise length of the already severed portion may be assessed by a craftsman without requiring further measurement equipment.
  • At least one component of the cable preferably at least one isolating jacket, comprises one or more bulges, which preferably extend radially outward from a radially outer surface of said isolating jacket.
  • one or more bulges may also extend radially inward from a radially inner surface of a respective component of the cable comprising said bulges.
  • the bulges advantageously allow easy manufacturing of the cable even with overlapping tolerance ranges of the various components of the cable without the risk of loosing axial friction force between the several coaxially arranged components of the cable. This is particularly important in such situations where the cable is to be installed in a vertical orientation, i.e. at an antenna tower of a base station of a cellular communications system and the like. In this case, an axial displacement of the different components of the cable would be disadvantageous.
  • the bulges according to the embodiments prevent an axial relative displacement of the various components of the cable with respect to each other.
  • one or more bulges are provided in combination with using at least one corrugated electrical conductor, whereby said bulges advantageously cooperate with the corrugations of the electrical conductor to prevent an axial displacement of the components with respect to each other.
  • two bulges are provided with an angular distance to each other of about 20 degrees or less, wherein a rip cord is arranged between said two bulges, which has the advantage that the rip cord stays at a specific position between said bulges, i.e. is locked in a circumferential position.
  • a radially outward layer of the cable may also comprise one or more material weakenings arranged close to the rip cord (e.g., in an axial fashion) or the angular center position between said bulges, whereby a particularly precise and easy removal of outer layers of the cable (both conducting and nonconducting) may be achieved.
  • a further aspect of the cable according to the embodiments is given by a cable which comprises at least one primary electrical conductor and an electrically isolating jacket, wherein said isolating jacket comprises one or more bulges, which preferably extend radially outward from a radially outer surface of said isolating jacket. Alternatively or in addition, bulges extending radially inward may also be provided. Especially, with this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide one or more rip cords within said cable.
  • a method of manufacturing a cable comprising the steps of providing at least one primary electrical conductor, wherein said primary electrical conductor has a basically tubular shape, and arranging at least one rip cord in a radially inner section of said primary electrical conductor.
  • said at least one rip cord is arranged at a radially inner surface of the primary electrical conductor so that the primary electrical conductor can swiftly be severed or slitted by pulling out the rip cord of the cable.
  • Figure 1a schematically depicts a cross-sectional view of a cable 100 according to a first embodiment.
  • the cable comprises a primary electrical conductor 102, which has a basically tubular shape, i.e. the shape of a hollow cylinder, presently a hollow circular cylinder.
  • the cable 100 comprises in its radially inner section 102a a rip cord 120.
  • the rip cord 120 is e.g. integrated in the cable 100 during a manufacturing process. As known from conventional rip cords, the rip cord 120 may be used for severing components of the cable 100 in order to e.g. strip the cable or remove, generally, components of the cable 100. Preferably, the rip cord 120 is arranged on or close to a radial inner surface 102a' of the conductor 102.
  • the rip cord 120 is provided for severing the electrical conductor 102, which is e.g. made of copper or aluminium or another electrically conductive material, preferably metal material.
  • the rip cord 120 is configured such that it enables severing or providing a slit in the primary electrical conductor 102a, which facilitates configuring the cable in the field.
  • the rip cord 120 may be used in conjunction with primary electrical conductors 102 that comprise a wall thickness d1 of about 0.1 mm to about 2.0 mm, preferably, about 0.2 mm to about 0.8 mm.
  • rip cord materials are sufficiently strong to enable an efficient severing of such metal conductors 102. Provided a sufficient tensile strength of the rip cord 120, even conductors 102 with greater wall thicknesses may be severed for easy removal of sections thereof.
  • the rip cord 120 is made of para-aramid synthetic fibre, which is e.g. known under the trademark "Kevlar”.
  • the rip cord 120 may be configured as a braided cord, which even further increases the tensile strength.
  • Metal wire material steel wire, also braided steel wire
  • the like may also be used for the rip cord 120 according to a further embodiment.
  • Figure 1b depicts an operational state of the cable 100 of figure 1a , wherein an end portion 120' of the rip cord 120 has been extracted from the cable 100, i.e. by manually pulling out said end portion 120'.
  • the conductor 102 can be severed by means of the rip cord 120 thus defining a basically axial opening in the conductor 102 ( figure 1a ) which facilitates removing a corresponding portion of the conductor 102.
  • access to radially inner components of the cable 100 can be gained, i.e. for installation purposes and the like.
  • Figure 2a depicts a further embodiment 100a of a cable, which comprises a primary electrical conductor 102.
  • a jacket 104 made of electrically isolating material is arranged radially outward of said conductor 102 to provide an electrical isolation of the conductor 102 with respect to the surroundings of the cable 100a.
  • the cable 100a comprises two rip cords 120a, 120b, either one of which can be used, i.e. pulled out, for slitting the conductor 102, and optionally also the isolating jacket 104.
  • the components 102, 104 may efficiently be severed, or slitted, respectively, by using a respective one of said rip cords 120a, 120b.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an operational state of the cable 100a of figure 2a after severing the components 102, 104 of the cable 100a.
  • Figure 2b depicts an embodiment of a cable 100b with three rip cords 120a, 120b, 120c, which are arranged with an angular distance of about 120 degrees between each other.
  • Figure 4 depicts a further cable 100c according to the embodiments.
  • the cable 110 Similar to the cables 100, 100a explained above with reference to figure 1a, figure 2a , the cable 110 according to figure 4 comprises a primary electrical conductor 102 with a basically tubular shape. Radially outward of said primary electrical conductor 102, an isolating jacket 104 is arranged which provides electrical isolation of the conductor 102 with respect to an area surrounding the cable 100c.
  • a further jacket 106 of isolating material is provided. Radially inward of said further jacket 106, a second electrical conductor 108 is provided. Radially inward of said second electrical conductor 108, a filling component 110 is provided. Said filling component 110 may e.g. comprise foam material 110a or another, preferably electrically isolating, material.
  • the cable 100c comprises a plurality of optical fibres 114b, which are arranged in a filler material 114a protecting said optical fibres 114b.
  • the components 114a, 114b define an optical cable 114 which at its radially outer section comprises a corresponding jacket material 112 that contacts the foam material 110a.
  • a first set of rip cords 120a, 120b is provided at a radially inner surface of the primary electrical conductor 102, wherein these rip cords 120a, 120b facilitate severing the components 102, 104 at the respective angular positions of the cable 110c.
  • the layers 102, 104 of the cable 100c may be slitted, i.e. for accessing the radially inner second electrical conductor 108 or the like.
  • a second set of rip cords 122a, 122b is provided at a radial outer surface of the jacket 112 of the optical cable 114. These further rip cords 122a, 122b facilitate severing the layers 110, 108, since they originate from a radially inner section 108a of the conductor 108, but may also be used for further severing the further radially outer layers 102, 104.
  • rip cords 120a, 120b, 122a, 122b and/or other angular positions or distances between adjacent rip cords within the cable 100c and the like are also possible.
  • the outer layers 102, 104 of the cable 100c may be removed for a predetermined axial section of the cable 100c. Upon this removal, the further layers 106, 108, 110, 112, 114 of the cable may be accessed. Especially, when further using the rip cords 122a, 122b after having slitted the layers 102, 104, access to the optical cable 114 can be gained.
  • the separated portions of the cable 100c may be removed in a radially outer direction with respect to the cable 100c so that no tubular piece of any of the cut-off components 104, 102, 106, 108, 110 is required to be shifted in an axial direction over an end of the cable 100c, which facilitates installation of the cable.
  • the cable 100c may comprise an optical cable 114 the optical fibres 114b of which are already pre-configured in that respective end portions of the optical fibres 114b comprise optical connectors 114c as depicted by figure 7 .
  • the rip cords 120a', 120b' may be used for applying axial slits to the cable.
  • the end portion 120a', 120b' may be grasped or applied to a winding tool and respective tensile forces may be applied to the rip cords 120a, 120b for slitting the outer layers of the cable.
  • the slitted components may be removed in a radially outer direction, particularly without pulling over these pieces over the connectors 114c.
  • Figure 8 depicts a simplified flow chart of a method of manufacturing a cable according to an embodiment.
  • a first step 200 at least one primary electrical conductor 102 ( figure 1a ) is provided, wherein said primary electrical conductor 102 has a basically tubular shape.
  • step 210 ( figure 8 ), at least one rip cord 120 ( figure 1a ) is arranged in a radially inner section 102a of said primary electrical conductor 102.
  • FIG. 5a depicts a further embodiment 100d.
  • the cable 100d comprises a primary electrical conductor 102 and a second electrical conductor 108 arranged coaxially with respect to each other.
  • an isolating jacket 106 is provided in a range, which is radially in between the conductors 102, 108.
  • an isolating jacket 106 is provided on a radially outer section of said isolating jacket 106.
  • one or more bulges 130 are provided on a radially outer section of said isolating jacket 106.
  • the bulges 130 extend radially outward, i.e. in the direction of the radially inner surface of the primary electrical conductor 102.
  • the bulges 130 are configured such that they may contact the radial inner surface of the conductor 102, whereby a friction force is effected which reduces a tendency of the components 102, 106 to be displaced with respect to each other in an axial direction of said cable 100d. This greatly facilitates mounting of the cable 100d particularly in a vertical orientation.
  • the conductor 102 may be a corrugated conductor so that the bulges 130 can cooperate with corresponding cavities of the corrugations of the conductor 102 to provide a positive locking between the components 106, 102 which prevents relative axial displacement.
  • Figure 5b depicts a further embodiment 100e.
  • the cable 100e is similar to the configuration of figure 5a , however, in addition to the bulges 130, the cable 100e depicted by figure 5b also comprises rip cords 120a, 120b which are provided at a radially inner surface of the primary conductor 102 ( figure 5a ) thus enabling to sever the conductor 102 and optionally also the isolating jacket 104.
  • the cables depicted by figure 1a to figure 4 may also comprise at least one electrical conductor 102, 108, which is corrugated or comprises at least some longitudinal portions that are corrugated.
  • the cables depicted by figure 1a to figure 4 may also comprise at least one bulge 130, either extending radially inward or outward from any of their layers.
  • Figure 5c depicts a further embodiment of a bulged cable 100e with rip cords 120a, 120b, wherein a non-vanishing distance between neighboring layers 102, 106 ( Fig. 5a ) is provided to define a free volume 116 of basically hollow cylinder shape.
  • the bulges 130 extend through this free volume 116 and make contact with a radially inner surface of layer 102 ( Fig. 5a ) to prevent axial relative movement.
  • rip cords 120a, 120b are also arranged within said free volume 116, which enables to provide rip cords 120a, 120b with rather large diameters due to the free space of volume 116.
  • Figure 6 depicts a detail view of a further embodiment, wherein neighbouring bulges 130a, 130b are arranged such that a rip cord 120 may be arranged between the bulges 130a, 130b, whereby the rip cord 120 is advantageously secured at its intermediate position between the bulges 130a, 130b.
  • bulges 130a, 130b are arranged on a radially outer surface 106a of a jacket 106.
  • bulges as depicted by figure 5a to figure 6 may also be arranged on radially inner surfaces of components of the cable.
  • the bulges 130, 130a, 130b are made of the same material as the jacket on which they are arranged.
  • the bulges may be an integral part of the jacket material, i.e. jacket and bulge are one piece of material.
  • bulges may also be formed in the conductors 102 and/or 108.
  • At least one rip cord with non-uniform diameter over its length coordinate may also be provided, whereby length sections having a larger diameter may provide a similar effect to that of the bulges 130, i.e. providing friction force between radially neighboring layers between which the rip cord is arranged. In this case, an axial displacement of the layers may be prevented without providing bulges.
  • the cable according to the embodiments and the manufacturing method according to the embodiments eases a manufacturing process as elements (bulges) may be incorporated that compensate for typical manufacturing tolerances.
  • the proposed solution enables a cable design where the number of factory connectorized optical fibres 114b is almost independent of the diameter of surrounding coaxial electrical conductors 102, 106. This particularly guarantees a very easy handling of over-lengths in the field, i.e. when a cable is to be installed.
  • a specific length portion of the cable or its electrical conductors and electrically isolating jackets, which is not required at the specific installation site, may easily be removed by using the rip cord(s) according to the embodiments, and this process does not interfere with any number of already connected, i.e. pre-configured optical fibres.
  • the cable according to the embodiments may e.g. be used to connect remote radio heads of base stations of cellular communications systems to signal processing units, wherein said remote radio heads are usually mounted on an antenna tower or a building top or the like, and wherein the further base station equipment may be located on the ground nearby or even remote to the antenna tower.
  • the cable according to figure 4 advantageously enables electric power supply by means of its two electrical conductors 102, 108, and furthermore data transmission between the remote radio head (not shown) and the base station equipment is facilitated by a predetermined number of optical fibres in the form of the optical cable 114, which is integrated into the electrical conductors 102, 108 and which is protected thereby from mechanical and electrical influences.
  • any block diagrams herein represent conceptual views of illustrative circuitry embodying the principles of the invention.
  • any flow charts, flow diagrams, state transition diagrams, pseudo code, and the like represent various processes which may be substantially represented in computer readable medium and so executed by a computer or processor, whether or not such computer or processor is explicitly shown.
EP13161531.2A 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Câble et procédé pour fabriquer un câble Withdrawn EP2784788A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13161531.2A EP2784788A1 (fr) 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Câble et procédé pour fabriquer un câble

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13161531.2A EP2784788A1 (fr) 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Câble et procédé pour fabriquer un câble

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2784788A1 true EP2784788A1 (fr) 2014-10-01

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EP13161531.2A Withdrawn EP2784788A1 (fr) 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Câble et procédé pour fabriquer un câble

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019124157A1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 株式会社フジクラ Câble à fibre optique
WO2020166369A1 (fr) * 2019-02-14 2020-08-20 日本電信電話株式会社 Câble à fibre optique
JPWO2021157394A1 (fr) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-12
WO2022264400A1 (fr) * 2021-06-18 2022-12-22 日本電信電話株式会社 Câble à fibre optique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992010840A1 (fr) * 1990-12-13 1992-06-25 Raychem Limited Cable electrique
US5268971A (en) * 1991-11-07 1993-12-07 Alcatel Na Cable Systems, Inc. Optical fiber/metallic conductor composite cable
US5557698A (en) * 1994-08-19 1996-09-17 Belden Wire & Cable Company Coaxial fiber optical cable
EP1168024A2 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2002-01-02 Alcatel Câble à fibres optiques avec cordes de déchirure

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992010840A1 (fr) * 1990-12-13 1992-06-25 Raychem Limited Cable electrique
US5268971A (en) * 1991-11-07 1993-12-07 Alcatel Na Cable Systems, Inc. Optical fiber/metallic conductor composite cable
US5557698A (en) * 1994-08-19 1996-09-17 Belden Wire & Cable Company Coaxial fiber optical cable
EP1168024A2 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2002-01-02 Alcatel Câble à fibres optiques avec cordes de déchirure

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019124157A1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 株式会社フジクラ Câble à fibre optique
JP2019113618A (ja) * 2017-12-21 2019-07-11 株式会社フジクラ 光ファイバケーブル
AU2018387892B2 (en) * 2017-12-21 2021-04-15 Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber cable
US11215780B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2022-01-04 Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber cable
WO2020166369A1 (fr) * 2019-02-14 2020-08-20 日本電信電話株式会社 Câble à fibre optique
JP2020134597A (ja) * 2019-02-14 2020-08-31 日本電信電話株式会社 光ファイバケーブル
CN113366358A (zh) * 2019-02-14 2021-09-07 日本电信电话株式会社 光缆
CN113366358B (zh) * 2019-02-14 2023-12-26 日本电信电话株式会社 光缆
US11947175B2 (en) 2019-02-14 2024-04-02 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Optical fiber cable
JPWO2021157394A1 (fr) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-12
WO2022264400A1 (fr) * 2021-06-18 2022-12-22 日本電信電話株式会社 Câble à fibre optique

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