EP2780999A1

EP2780999A1 - Contactless power supply and signal transmission through a cladding element for building parts

Info

Publication number: EP2780999A1
Application number: EP12799510.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andreas Schimanski
Original assignee: Grossenbacher System AG
Current assignee: Grossenbacher System AG
Priority date: 2011-11-15
Filing date: 2012-11-14
Publication date: 2014-09-24
Also published as: CA2854597A1; US20140300205A1; WO2013072045A1; DE102011118564A1; EA201400440A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a planar cladding element(4) for surfaces of planar building parts, in particular in operating rooms, rooms prone to moisture or on building surfaces that are accessible for moisture, which cladding element is equipped with a transmission device (1) for electrical energy and/or electrical signals, which transmission device comprises a supply module (5) for electrical energy and/or electrical signals and a current derivation module (6) for electrical current and/or electrical signals, which modules can be releasably connected to each other in such a way that the electrical energy and/or the electrical signals can be transmitted, characterized in that in the transmission device (4) specified at the beginning the supply module (5) is arranged in a gap-free manner behind the cladding element (4), while the derivation module (6) is arranged before the cladding element (4) in a gap-free manner, and in that both modules (5, 6) comprise elements for the inductive transmission of electrical energy and/or electrical signals from the supply module (5) to the derivation module (6) and/or in the case of electric signals in reverse direction, as well as units for the gap-free and releasable fastening of the derivation module (6). The invention also relates to correlating uses and methods.

Description

Contactless power supply and signal transmission through cladding element for building parts

The application relates to a (possibly at least partially transparent) surface-shaped cladding element (cover) for surfaces of flat building parts, which is equipped with a transmission device for electrical energy and / or electrical signals (for data transfer), which is a supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals and a derivative module for electricity and / or electrical signals comprises (in particular consists of) which are detachably connected to each other so that the electrical energy and / or the electrical signals can be transmitted, and one with one or more such cladding elements equipped building interior and / or a building with at least one outer surface equipped therewith. Uses and methods further explained below are embodiments of the present invention. In operating theaters, a more recent technology is to provide the walls with glass walls on the inside; in order to obtain surfaces that are as seamless as possible and smooth, and thus easy to clean, which enable the realization of high hygiene standards. This is especially in view of increasing risks, for example, by many antibiotics resistense pathogens (such as MRSA = Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) in the surgical field. The appropriately equipped operating theaters are also referred to as "blue OPs", since a corresponding tinting and / or (eg LED) lighting is possible or prevails, but it is also necessary to provide power to devices in the operating room itself, such as Field cameras, C-arms, ultrasound machines,

CONFIRMATION COPY Lighting devices, ultrasound devices, endoscopic switching elements, recording devices for logging an operation, ventilators, devices for anesthesia, monitoring devices, heart-lung machines, electrically operated surgical devices, video conferencing systems and the like more. For this purpose, usual connections, such as sockets for power transmission and suitable connections for signal transmission (including data transmission), such as Ethernet, used. However, these must be introduced within the walls in apertures through the glass walls, creating new joints and possible niches that can store hidden germs and dirt. Also in the domestic field are claddings of walls with glass for technical design or other reasons in addition to the hygienic aspects also architecturally attractive variant, in addition to lighting effects (eg by LEDs) and the accommodation of screens or the like behind the glass allow. Again, it would be desirable to allow the power supply of electrical equipment and devices inside the room via power connectors, without increasing the number of joints (for example, the hygiene impairing, eg the deposition of dust gestattende) because of breakthroughs.

On outer walls and surfaces there is also the difficulty to make electricity or electrical signals through sockets or sockets or the like, which are sufficiently secured against moisture, such as spray, rain or fog, to be protected against corrosion and short circuits. Even in damp interiors (wet rooms) there are corresponding difficulties. Furthermore, with inductive energy and / or signal transmission on the one hand, there is a risk that electrical devices may interfere with each other via unwanted electrical or electromagnetic effects, as well as the risk of lacking electromagnetic environmental compatibility, for example, burdening rooms or areas with potentially harmful to health electromagnetic fields The term "electromagnetic compatibility" (EMC) refers to the normally desired state in which technical devices or devices do not influence one another by unwanted electrical and / or magnetic effects. A set of rules, such as Directive 2004/108 / EC, Abi. EC No. L 390/24, 31.12.2004, or the DI N / EN standards EN 61000-6-1: 2007 (Immunity for residential areas,

Business and small businesses); EN 610000-6-3: 2007

(Interference emission for residential areas, business and commercial areas as well Small businesses), EN 61000-6-4: 2007 (emission for industrial applications), EN 60601-1 - 2: 2007 (medical electrical equipment), EN 55016-2-3: 2006 (emission:

Interference field strength - measurement of radiated emitted interference), EN 55022: 2006 + A1: 2007: Emitted interference: Informationstechnil - limits and measuring methods) and EN 55022: 2006 (Emitted interference: Information technology equipment -

Limits and measurement methods) provide information on permissible limits and measurement methods - these are incorporated by reference. For electromagnetic environmental compatibility as part of the EMC limits are specified, which are to be observed below advantageous, for example 50 Hz fields electric field strengths of 5 kV / m and magnetic flux densities of 100 μΤ, in 16.7 Hz fields electric field strengths of 10 kV / m and magnetic flux densities of 300 μΤ (according to the 26th BlmSchV). For example, the limit values for high-frequency emissions according to CISPR1 1 Group 1 or CISPR1 1 Class B, for the emission of harmonics according to IEC 61000-3-2 Class A and for the transmission of

Voltage fluctuations / flicker are defined according to IEC 61000-3-3 (cf.

http://www.emeko.de/uploads/media/17-Med-Norm-60601 -1 -2ed200X_YY.pdf). Alternatively, the values according to IEC 60601 -1 -2 (see http://www.emeko.de/uploads/media/17-Med- Norm-60601 -1 -2ed200X YY.pdf) can be decisive. Against this background, the object was to enable a power supply of devices and / or signal transmission in (eg glass) surface-clad building surfaces, while keeping the number of joints as low as possible and overcome the other disadvantages and difficulties mentioned, In particular, the electromagnetic compatibility (this term serves as a generic term for electromagnetic environmental compatibility) to ensure.

This object is achieved in a first embodiment of the invention by the feed module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals breakthrough-free (in each case from the view of a standing in front of a viewer) behind the sheet-like lining element (substrate side) in the aforementioned transmission device. is arranged while the dissipation module breakthrough in front of the cladding module on the viewer side (supervisory side) is arranged, and both modules elements for inductive transmission of electrical energy and / or electrical signals from the supply module to the derivative module and means for break-through and releasably attaching the derivative module (in particular Height of the supply module), wherein supply and discharge module (s) are preferably set up in this way are that they can emit at most permissible amounts of interference or preferably no interference to the environment, wherein the sheet-like lining element in particular for a wall, a ceiling or a floor or two or more thereof in an operating room or a wet room or a (accessible to moisture ) Outer surface of a building is provided or acted upon.

A second embodiment of the invention relates to the use of a supply module according to the invention for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, the breakthrough behind (substrate side) a said panel-shaped cladding element for surfaces of building parts in the building interior and / or is arranged on a building exterior surface, and a derivative module for electricity and / or electrical signals, which is arranged breakthrough-free and detachable on the side of the cladding element opposite the supply module for electrical energy, for the inductive transmission of electrical energy and / or electrical signals from the supply module for electrical energy to the discharge module and / or all in the case of electrical signals) vice versa (from the down to the supply module), supply and discharge module (s) are preferably set up so that they are permissible amounts of spurious radiation or preferably none Spill radiation to the environment can give off, wherein the sheet-like paneling element in particular for a wall, a ceiling or a floor or two or more thereof is provided in an operating room or a wet room or a (moisture accessible) outer surface of a building or this applied. The transmitted electrical energy can then be supplied from the derivative module as an electrical current to a power consumer and / or forwarded as signals for data transmission to a signal processing and / or signal emitting device, or electrical signals can be reversed forwarded from such a device via the discharge module to the supply module and then forwarded to other signal processing and / or signal emitting devices.

A further embodiment of the invention relates to a method for transmitting electrical energy and / or electrical signals through a sheet-like cladding element for surfaces of building parts, wherein the current and / or electrical signals in a supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, the arranged behind the (substrate side) the said cladding element breakthrough is, is converted into an alternating magnetic field, which at least partially received by an electrical current derivative module and / or electrical signals on the supply module opposite side of the said cladding element (supervisory side) breakthrough and releasably received, and in a Voltage, which in a further process step (closure of a circuit) can cause a current which can be supplied to a power consumer or in application, and / or in electrical signals that can be forwarded to a signal processing and / or signal-emitting device in use, is converted, and / or conversely electrical signals (for example, from one or more signal-emitting devices) converted by the said derivative module into an alternating magnetic field and transmitted to the supply module and received there and converted into electrical signals and signalverarb Emitting and / or signal-emitting devices can be forwarded or in application, supply and discharge module (s) are preferably arranged so that they can deliver at most permissible amounts of interference or preferably no interference to the environment, wherein the sheet-like lining element in particular for a wall, a ceiling or a floor, or two or more thereof in an operating room or a wet room or a (moisture-accessible) outer surface of a building is or applied.

In all embodiments of the invention, each wall, floor or ceiling is preferably not more than 10, not more than 8, or not more than 6, not more than 5, for example not more than 3, e.g. 1 or two supply module / derivation module pairs provided to minimize the interference.

Specific embodiments of the invention relate to a supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, as defined above and below, and / or a derivative module for current and / or electrical signals, as defined above and below.

A further embodiment of the invention relates to a cladding element according to the present invention, which is additionally equipped with a recognition system for the presence and / or characterization of an object or a substance (in particular a touchscreen), as well as corresponding methods and uses as described above and below. Such a lining (covering there) element is described in DE 10 201 1 1 16 000, which in this respect by reference is recorded.

In particular, for operating theaters (OPs), the present invention articles are advantageous, yet they allow smooth, easy to keep walls without Rezesse, as they otherwise appear permanently installed in the wall, the floor and / or ceiling or built sockets or the like would.

Even with exterior walls or in damp interior spaces, the present invention articles are advantageous because they allow the presence of moisture insensitive and not short-circuit sensitive supply modules behind a cladding element according to the invention, while the derivative module can be applied only in the case of use.

The following definitions serve as a possible more particular description of more general terms and features recited in the foregoing and following and claimed embodiments of the invention, with more general terms and features in the particular term and feature groups set forth for particular embodiments of the invention individually, in two or more, or all may be replaced by the more specific terms, resulting in more specific embodiments of the invention, which are particularly preferred in a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

A (optionally at least partially transparent) sheet-like cladding element (also referred to as covering element and briefly referred to below as cladding element) for surfaces of flat building parts is preferably defined as follows: The cladding element may be opaque in a preferred embodiment of the invention, or it can be at least partially transparent. At least partially transparent means that the cladding element is at least partially permeable to electromagnetic waves, especially in the visible to the human eye area, so that images on the back or behind can be perceived, and / or that at least a portion of the surface of the cladding element is transparent. The transparency can also be interrupted by, for example, electrically switchable (activatable and deactivatable) light transmission ("intelligent glass"), so that, for example, images or energy supply modules behind it become visible only when they are touched, thus allowing various design effects to be achieved on the technical basis mentioned. " Partial "means that one or more Areas of the cladding element may also be (permanently) impermeable (non-transparent) while other areas, eg those behind which may be screens, touchscreens, interesting wall, floor or ceiling substrates or lighting elements, or combinations of two or more thereof, at least temporarily transparent. But also the entire cladding element can be made transparent.

A corresponding cladding element can be made of a diamagnetic (for example, magnetic susceptibility less than zero) and electrically insulating (electrical conductivity, for example, less than 5 × 10 ^-10 S em ^"1 ) coated (for example with a surface-hardening, anti-reflective, electrochromic, colored (eg by printing) or other candidate material or coating system or, for example, LEDs or OLED material or the like, which allows the appearance of the cover member to be varied as desired), or with an opaque, if desired colored (eg, blue) coating (e.g. the back of the cladding element facing the substrate) or a non-coated (preferably at least partially transparent) material, with plastic, eg acrylic ("Plexiglas") or especially glass (eg soda-lime glass or aluminum silicate glass) being particularly preferred, or alternatively a ceramic (possibly enamelled) material.

The thickness may be in the range of 0.1 to 100 mm, preferably in a range which allows a very low-loss transmission of electrical energy according to the induction principle, for example in the range of 0.1 to 20 mm, for example (in particular in the case behind It should, for example, based on the "Projected Capacitive Touchscreen" principle (Projective Capacitive Touch Screen Principle), in particular because of the use of the "Projected Capacitive Touchscreen" principle in the range of 0.1 to 30 mm, preferably of 0.2 to 20, eg from 0.2 to 10 or 2 to 18 mm). For example, it may be 2 to 8 mm or 3 to 12 mm.

For example, cladding elements equipped or used in accordance with the invention may have areas of 2 to 500 square meters (m ² ), such as from 3 to 50 m ² , without this being intended to be limiting.

According to the invention, such a cladding element, if necessary, in several Cladding element modules, the joints as possible, preferably only with very smooth and narrow joints of less than 2 mm (or in particular less than 1 mm) width ("jointless), optionally with spatula materials (preferably flush and flat, ie forming a plane) connected to each other are / can be divided, for example, if the individual cladding element modules can be produced only to a maximum size, but preferably designed without interruptions in one piece, before or on the substrate of a surface in a building interior, in particular a wall, a Ceiling or a floor of a building (building interior), or in front of or on the substrate at least one surface on a building outside (eg outer wall or roof outside) or two or more of these areas, substantially over the entire supervisory substrate surface mounted (in the installed state, the preferred Ausfü embodiment of the invention). This means that it is in direct contact with the wall, ceiling, floor or roof substrate (material), eg a (in particular ceiling, floor, roof or in particular wall) material selected from concrete, masonry, eg from molded bricks, bricks, stones or bricks mortared with each other, stone (such as granite or marble) slabs, bricks, bricks, wood, a composite material or plastic, or the like, each with or without insulating and / or plastering material (for example by application or at least partial adhesion, eg by sticking); or may be at a certain distance to this, for example, on the side facing away from the observer and the substrate at a distance of a few millimeters to centimeters, eg from 1 to 50 mm or up to 500 mm, which, for example, unevenness of the substrate material can be compensated or an insulating space or space may be provided for the energy supply module (s), for example. For this purpose it can be kept at a suitable distance with spacers and, for example separable (eg with screws) or (at least substantially, ie under normal conditions of use, in particular without irreversible damage during separation) inseparable (eg cohesively (as glued, soldered or welded) or positively (eg via undercuts).

"Substrate side" means a layer on the side (e.g., surface) of the cladding element facing the respective substrate (wall, floor, ceiling, and / or roof).

"Supervision side" means a position on the side facing away from the respective planar building part (facing away from the (wall, floor, ceiling and / or roof) substrate) side (eg surface) of the cladding element, ie the one before it imaginary observer facing side.

A "planar building part" is to be understood in particular as meaning a wall (inside or outside), a floor, a ceiling or a roof of a building, in particular in an operating theater, a damp room or an external surface of a building which can come into contact with moisture ( that is, accessible to moisture as mentioned above).

An electrical energy transmission device and / or electrical signals according to the invention enables the transmission of electrical energy from the electrical energy supply module to the derivation module, the transmission of electrical signals from the supply module to the derivation module or in the reverse direction by means of an alternating (electro) magnetic field (induction principle) , that is, inductively), or the transmission of electrical energy and electrical signals from the supply module to the derivative module or vice versa, if these two types of modules are at a sufficiently small distance from each other.

Advantageous and to comply with the limits for interference are supply module (s) and derivative module (s) set up for a directed energy transfer between supply and discharge module without scattering in the environment, with a possible inductive energy transmission interference by appropriate shaping of (electro-) magnetic fields radiating and receiving elements (eg coils) for possible directional radiation (towards each other, in particular from the supply module to the derivative module); by suitable shielding of supply and discharge module (s), for example by means of the radiating and receiving elements externally at least so much that together when using (facing supply and discharge module on the cladding element) an effect as in a Faraday cage is achieved, shielding magnetizable (Such as iron (eg as ferrite), nickel or cobalt) and / or conductive metal components (such as films, meshes, nets, platelets, wire mesh, wires, metal housing); or both; is shielded at least to the extent that limit values for interfering radiation can be complied with.

In particular, electrical signals are to be understood as signals for the transmission of information, for example for the control of devices and / or for data transmission, for example between measuring devices, computers, input devices or the like for data processing devices. Examples of signals can Measuring signals, signals for sound transmission (also for telephony or the like), control signals (for example, for switching on and off of devices), signals for data transmission or the like. It is possible to transfer electrical energy and / or electrical signals from the supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals through the cladding element to the derivation module and / or electrical signals in the reverse direction, that is, without that with these two modules Having on opposite sides acted cladding element (as otherwise required, for example, in normal sockets or sockets) a breakthrough (for example, for direct production of electrical contact between the supply module and derivative module). This can be used to avoid joints such as those for otherwise common sockets or sockets. Preferably, the opposing surfaces of the cladding element in the region of the power dissipation module can be completely unimpaired (in particular completely in a plane with the surrounding surface of the cladding element) and thus particularly well kept clean from the outside or room side or insensitive to moisture. The supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals is arranged on the substrate side (for example, in recesses, or on the substrate surface) in the assembled state (usable for the energy and / or signal transmission to the derivation module) and preferably (for energy losses in the case of inductive transmission) minimize) in close contact (preferably flush) with the corresponding surface of the cladding element attached, for example (substantially non-positively) by corresponding counter-pressure of the wall, ceiling, floor or roof substrate or in particular by gluing or (for example via glued counterparts) screwing means Screw elements (nuts, bolts) or further Verklip- / snapping by snap mechanism elements or the like. As a rule, the supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals is stationary. Figuratively speaking, it is a breakthrough "joint-free inductive socket" without this being intended to limit the meaning of the term supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals Convert supplied (eg DC or AC) Current and / or electrical signals in a (preferably in the direction of the opposite in the mounted state Stromableitungsmodul directed) alternating magnetic field. Advantageously, it is set up in such a way that the interfering radiation is emitted by appropriate shaping of the (electro-) magnetic fields emitting and receiving elements (eg coils) for possible directed radiation; by suitable shielding, for example by means of the radiating and receiving elements externally at least so much that together when applied (Opposing supply and discharge module on the cladding element) an effect as in a Faraday cage is achieved, shielding magnetizable (such as iron (eg as ferrite) , Nickel or cobalt) and / or conductive metal components (such as films, meshes, nets, platelets, wire mesh, wires, metal housing); or both; Except in the area which is provided for the passage of the electromagnetic radiation, at least as much shielded that the limits for interference can be met, especially in combination with the cladding element and the respective opposite derivative module.

The power and / or the electrical signals are supplied to the electrical power supply module via conventional connections (for example, from the building's power grid and / or data processing network, such as LAN or Ethernet).

In addition, in a specific embodiment, the supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals may advantageously be in the area (integrated in the module) or on the area (on its corresponding surface) facing the cladding element as a device for the break-through-free and releasable attachment of the dissipation module (eg annular, in the form of a polygon closed or interrupted) arrangement of one or more passively magnetizable (ie paramagnetic, in particular ferromagnetic) elements which, in interaction with outgoing magnetic field emanating module can allow the retention module to hold, whereby there also electromagnets (but then with more Energy consumption, since even in the absence of a derivative element here energy is consumed, but this can be countered by controls that notice the presence or absence of the derivative module (eg via RFIDs) and its Ab Being able to prevent the supply of energy to them), which can be driven by supplied current and for corresponding magnetic interaction with (in particular passively magnetizable, ie paramagnetic, for example, in particular ferromagnetic) elements in the derivative module for its releasable attachment, can be provided. Particularly advantageously, the supply module is each designed to be switched off (eg by switching off the power supply by means of a switching element, such as a switch, or by elements that allow automatic shutdown upon removal of the derivative module), in order to avoid unnecessary in the time where he no derivative module To prevent radiation from the cladding element out.

The derivation module includes a transducer electronics and - electrics (eg with receiving coil), which converts incoming alternating magnetic fields into a direct or alternating voltage or in the case of signals into electrical signals (or both), the electric current through suitable circuits when they are closing or cause electrical signal transmission. In the case of the reverse signal transmission from the derivative module to the supply module, the converter electronics and electrics may also include the facilities required for this purpose. The dissipation module is detachably connectable to the cladding element (can be brought into contact) and thus used non-stationary. Figuratively speaking, it is a mobile "inductive plug" without this being intended to limit the meaning of the term derivative module, and it is advantageously set up such that the interfering radiation is emitted and received by corresponding shaping of the (electro) magnetic fields By appropriate shielding, for example by means of the radiating and receiving elements externally at least so much that together when applied (facing supply and Ableitungsmodul on the cladding element) an effect as in a Faraday cage is achieved, shielding magnetizable ( such as iron (eg, as ferrite), nickel, or cobalt) and / or conductive metal components (such as foils, grids, nets, wafers, wire mesh, wires, metal housings), or both except in the region necessary for the passage of electromagnetic radiation is provided, at least is shielded so much that the limits for spurious radiation can be met, especially in combination with the cladding element and the respective opposite feed module.

In the derivation module may advantageously be provided separately or in combination with the just mentioned converter electronics and electrical, as a means for breakthrough and löser attaching the derivation module arresting and release electronics, which allows electromagnetic (eg via corresponding coils or otherwise ge - electromagnets formed) magnetic fields by interaction with the or the arrangements of one or more passively magnetizable (ie paramagnetic, especially ferromagnetic) and / or electromagnets in the mounted state behind the cladding element opposite feed module releasable attachment of the derivative module on the cladding element can effect. By switching these magnets on and off via the locking and releasing electronics, for example by means of a suitable switch (eg touch-sensitive, optical, acoustic or mechanical) provided on the discharge module (eg touch buttons), the attraction between the supply module and the discharge module can be activated or terminated, so that the latter can be reversibly fixed.

The dissipation module can be connected via conventional detachable contacts or via permanent contacts with current conductors. Thus, in the case of the detachable connection, it can be equipped with a socket (for example a socket), a built-in plug, spring contacts, detachable screw connections (eg luster terminals), terminals or cable lugs, to which corresponding current conductors (eg in power supply and / or or integrated with one or more currents to be influenced (eg by signals to be controlled) devices or devices so that they can be connected directly, or via conductors such as cables) eg via plugs, couplings or other common matching counterparts (including free wire ends), for example the just mentioned releasable contacts can be connected. Examples of suitable pairings / systems are those for single-phase household plug-in systems such as the American 2-pin connector system (type A), the American 3-pin connector system (type B), Euroflachstecker (type C, CEE 7/16) Indian / old British plug system (type D), the French plug system (type E), the German-French combination plug (type EF, CEE 7/7), the European contour plug (type EF, CEE 7/17), the German Schuko Plug system (type F, CEE 7/4), the Russian plug system (type F, GOST 7396), the British plug system (type G, BS 1363), the Israeli plug system (type H), the Australian plug system (type I), the Swiss plug system (type J), Danish plug system (type K), Italian plug system (type L), the South African plug system (type M), IEC 60906-1 the international standard plug, the Brazilian plug NBR 14136, or the like, but also PowerCon, Plug according to DIN 56905, Terko, low voltage plug, like Hollow plugs, Molex plugs, connectors for PC power supplies, wire spring contacts, banana plugs, plug-in boards, BNC plug connectors, for the transmission of signals (eg audio, video) Cinch, diode plug, jack plug, XLR, BNC, SCART, mini-DIN (S-Video ), Bölling Lee connector, VGA connectors, Ethernet Connectors, TEA connector systems, ELine 1200 EC7, N-connector, USB connector, FireWire connector, SATA connector, SAS connector, PS / 2 connector, telephone connectors such as TAE, ISDN connector, universal connector Universal adapter, or the like more systems. Particularly preferred are one or more sockets, for example, for the aforementioned household plug systems, which are used in particular in operating theaters (OPs), especially for supplying equipment and devices in the OR with mains voltage, or in wet rooms or on walls that are in contact with moisture can come. The non-detachable connection (which here includes releasably contained) can in the usual manner, for example via soldering, wire winding technology, insulation displacement terminals, press-fit, welds, bonds, adhesive bonds with conductive adhesive, compression joints, crimp, rivets or splices done. In this case, "releasably fastened" means that the discharge module is held on the cladding element in the region opposite the supply module., In addition to the above and below mentioned magnetic forces, this can also be done by negative pressure (for example, suitable suction cups), the negative pressure also by a corresponding in the discharge module For example, adhesion due to nanoscale surface finishing of the surface facing the facing element of the current dissipation module may be used to releasably secure it become ("gecko effect").

"Upstanding" means, in particular, that the supply module and the discharge module in the use state are arranged spatially relative to one another such that the inductive energy transfer between them can take place sufficiently and largely or completely without radiation of interfering radiation into surrounding areas (ie the corresponding coils or the like) essentially spatially coincide or one (in particular in the derivation element) is larger than the other and the latter thus bordering overlying edge) and (possibly magnetic) mutually interacting attachment mechanisms (such as magnetic fields) between them can be effective, for example, by covering them one above the other For example, the two modules arranged on the opposite sides of the respective cladding element can be used be arranged so that their facing the cladding element complete surfaces from view perpendicular to the cladding element substantially, ie, for example, to 80, 90, 95, 98 or preferably 100% cover. Advantageous are supply and discharge module (s) to the outside by shielding elements of magnetizable (such as iron (eg as ferrite), nickel or cobalt) and / or electrically conductive metal, such as films, meshes, nets, plates, wire mesh, wires, metal housing, all so shielded that they emit no or only allowable amounts of interference in other areas as between transmitting and receiving elements (eg coils); this allows conformity with the rules and limits mentioned above. Advantageously, the shielding elements of the respective supply module in combination with the cladding element and the respectively opposite discharge module form a kind of Faraday cage.

Under "inductive transmission of electrical energy" here is the transmission of energy based on electrical energy, to understand by non-conductor through which magnetic alternating fields (because of the Maxwell's Law also representable as electromagnetic alternating fields) and under inductive coupling, so contactless In other words, energy is transferred between two circuits by varying the magnetic flux Φ, which is usually done via one or more coils (multi-turn conductor loops) spatially associated with each other in the feeder module and the drains module in that a sufficient, preferably as large a proportion as possible of the energy radiated from the energy supply module side can be converted into electricity by the discharge module, Preferably, the energy received by the discharge module reaches its receiving coil (s) 50, 60, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 , 91 , 92, 93, 94, 95 or more of the energy fed into the transmitting coil (s). For example, the transducer electronics and electrical systems of the supply module and the derivation module can advantageously be tuned to operate on the resonance principle in order to ensure a particularly high inductive energy transfer rate. By means of the derivation module, alternatively or in addition to energy, signals containing information (data) can also be transmitted to the supply module, and / or vice versa. In other words, the derivative module may also act as a (signal-outputting) energy transfer signal for signals, the delivery module as a (receiving) "current drain module" of energy for such signals transmitted therebetween by alternating magnetic fields As a result, data can also be transmitted inductively, not just electrical energy. <br/><br/> In addition to the use of the induction principle, the data transmission can also take place optically, for example via IR or light signals, wherein the transducer electronics and electrics of the supply module and Ableitmodule then include corresponding transducer.

In a further embodiment, the invention particularly also relates to an outer wall on a building, or in particular a room in a building, in particular a damp room or an operating room, which has at least one structure selected from wall, ceiling and floor, which is provided with one or more surface-covering elements according to the invention is acted upon, on which sub-stratseitig at least one above or below described supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals is provided, the other walls also (in the case of an operating room preferably), the ceilings and optionally also the floor respectively a covering element or other joint-free materials may be covered.

"Wet room" means rooms with water use, such as a bathroom, the kitchen or a toilet room, for example, in a residential building, public swimming pools, (communal) showers and saunas are also considered wet rooms. Damp rooms are especially rooms with low or especially moderate (load class) A01, A02, load eg by splash water)) Moisture load or especially those with high humidity load (load class A1 according to building regulation list A, part 2 (wall surfaces that are heavily used by domestic water and cleaning water), A2 (floor areas that are heavily used by service and cleaning water), B (according to Building Regulations List A, Part 2, wall and floor surfaces in indoor and outdoor swimming pools (with internally pressurized water)) or C (according to Building Rules List A, Part 2, Wall and underfloor areas under high water stress and in conjunction with chemical stress), such as corresponding garages, washrooms, Indoor swimming pools, steam baths or other baths, saunas, bathrooms, kitchens, toilets, shower rooms, swimming pools, cold rooms, laboratories or the like.

"Occupied" means that the cladding element (s) in front of or on the wall substrate one or more walls (preferred), the floor or ceiling, or a roof, for example, all walls, or all internal surfaces (walls, floor and ceiling) of a building interior or one or more outer walls are mounted substantially over their entire surface, which means that the covering element (s) can be in direct contact with the substrate (wall, ceiling, floor and / or roof material), eg a material selected from concrete, masonry, for example, made of molded bricks, stones, stones or stones mortared together, stone (such as granite or marble) plates, bricks, bricks, wood, a composite material, or plastic, or the like, each with or without Insulating and / or plastering material (for example, by applying or at least partially sticking) or can stand at a certain distance to this, for example as described above.

By way of example, a building may include a house with one or more dwellings (residential buildings), an industrial building (preferred, in particular in rooms with special containment requirements, such as in biotechnology or microsystem technology), e.g. a laboratory building, an office building or in particular a hospital building or other building (eg for outpatient operations), including appropriately equipped containers, with rooms for surgical procedures, but also any other functional building such as a garage, an underground car park, an indoor swimming pool or the like ,

When using a feed module and a discharge module according to the invention, the energy and / or the electrical signals are transmitted inductively when installed, as described above. The transferred electrical energy can then be supplied in a further use step from the derivation module as an electrical current to a power consumer, in the case of electrical signals in both directions from and to suitable signal processing devices.

In a method according to the invention for transmitting electrical energy and / or electrical signals through a cladding element for surfaces of planar building parts, in which current and / or electrical signals in a supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals behind (substrate side) the said clothing element is arranged breakthrough-free, is converted into a magnetic (also often referred to as electromagnetically) alternating field, which is arranged by a derivative module on the supply module opposite side of the said cladding element (notch side) breakthrough-free and detachable, (at least for the most part) are received and converted into a voltage, the terms also have the above and possibly below meanings. The voltage can cause a voltage in the derivative module, which in a further method step (eg closing a circuit) can cause a current which can be supplied to a current consumer and / or a signal-emitting and / or signal-processing device.

Breakthrough-free means, in particular, that no grooves or joints (or at least no joints with more than 2 mm or with more than 1 mm width) are present in the cladding element or on its surface at the location of the supply and discharge modules.

The figures show specific embodiments of the invention without limiting its scope. The following description of the figures is part of the invention disclosure: Figure 1 (Figure 1) shows schematically and in cross section a transmission device according to the invention for electrical energy and / or electrical signals in the built and usable for the power and signal transmission state, which is a supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals and a derivative module disposed on opposite sides, which are detachably connected to each other in such a way that the electrical energy can be transmitted has.

Figure 2 shows schematically and in cross section a transmission device according to the invention for electrical energy and / or electrical signals in a state in which the supply module for electrical energy and / or electrical signals still behind the cladding element on or in the substrate of the planar building part remains while the Derivative module is shown in the separated (dissolved) state.

Figure 3 shows a rough schematic above a transmission device according to the invention for electrical energy and / or electrical signals in a lateral view in cross section (parallel to the surface of the cladding element), down from viewing direction perpendicular to the surface of the cladding element. The following example serves to illustrate the invention without limiting its scope. At the same time, it also represents a special embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1 shows by way of example a transmission device 1 according to the invention for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, which on the supervisor side 2 of a sheet-like cladding element 4, for example an acrylic glass or glass pane, a derivative module 6 for electrical power and / or electrical signals, while it has on the substrate side 3 (eg wall side) of the sheet-like lining element 4 a supply module 5 for electrical energy and / or electrical signals. The supply module 5 may for example be embedded in the wall or applied thereto or partially embedded. The supply module 5 has in its interior a converter electronics and -elektrik 7, which by an electrical connection 10, for example, to the power grid of a building, which also (not shown) further connections may be provided, for example on data transmission lines, with electricity and electrical energy can be supplied. A here passive magnetizable material 9 (eg ferromagnetic iron or another ferromagnetic material, instead of an electromagnet can also be provided), which may be arranged, for example ring-shaped (with or without interruptions) parallel to the surface of the sheet-like Verkleidungs- element 4 allowed a magnetic interaction with at least one electromagnet 11 in the derivative module 6 (instead, a passive magnetizable material interacting with an electromagnet instead of 9 may be provided herein), the resulting force holding the delivery module 5 releasably secured in position. The at least one electromagnet 11 can be supplied with power by the inductive transmitted energy from the supply module and thus build up a magnetic field. The derivation module 6 contains, in addition to 11, a transducer electronics and electrical system 8 (which can be labeled secondarily). This can, on the one hand, convert an alternating magnetic field (for example, using at least one suitable coil) into a voltage which can be applied to a current or electrical signals, here For example, by means of a contact point for current dissipation 12, shown here by way of example in the form of a socket, via a current conductor 13, shown here exemplarily equipped with a plug that can be brought into contact with the contact point for current dissipation 12, on the other hand allows the at least one electromagnet 11th can supply (derived from the inductive transmission or stored, for example, in a battery, not shown) power. The electrical energy is in the supply module 5 in its (can be designated as primary) transducer electronics and electrics 7 (for example by means of at least one coil), which is advantageously designed such that it allows a directed radiation of the inductive electromagnetic field in the direction of an opposite derivative module 6 converted into said electromagnetic alternating field, which allows an inductive transmission of energy and / or electrical signals in the derivative module 6, where it then via induction by means of its converter electronics and electrics into a tapped voltage (for supplying the at least one electromagnet 11 and / or the contact point for the current drain 12) can be converted.

For shielding, at least one shielding element is advantageously provided, which externally surrounds the element (s) radiating the electromagnetic alternating field at least to such an extent that together with application (facing supply and discharge module on the lining element) an effect similar to that of FIG Faraday cage is achieved, for example by means of shielding magnetizable (such as iron (eg as ferrite), nickel or cobalt) and / or ström conductive metal components (such as films, meshes, nets, wafers, wires, metal housing) (not shown).

In other words, the dissipation module 6 allows the non-contact supply of electrical energy to the contact point for the current drain 12 from the supply module 5, so that all together as shown by way of example can result in a socket without the cover is broken.

The dissipation module 6 can be removed due to its solubility, for example by pressing a lock button 13, whereby the supply of the electromagnet 11 can be interrupted with power, so that the magnetic field holding the derivative module 6 in position relative to the supply module, switched off and the derivative module. 6 Consequently, it is no longer held and can be removed. Then, for example, the derivative module 6 and the surface of the cladding element 4, where it was in working position, can be easily kept clean (no permanent joints). The corresponding situation after removal of the derivation module 6 is shown by way of example in FIG.

Also in the case of the derivation module or modules 6 is at least advantageous for shielding a shielding element is provided, which surrounds the one or more electromagnetic alternating field radiating elements (eg a coil) externally at least so much that together when applied (Opposite supply and discharge module on the cladding element) an effect as in a Faraday cage is achieved, for example by means shielding magnetisable (such as iron (eg as ferrite), nickel or cobalt) and / or electrically conductive metal components (such as films, meshes, nets, plates, wire mesh, wires, metal housing) (not shown).

For example, the contact point for current drain 12 and the contact point on the conductor 13 may be country or region-specific standard sockets and plugs. Alternatively, the contact point on the conductor 13 may be directly connected to the conductors for the current dissipation 12 (virtually insoluble or only detachable, for example, by screws), so that the entire derivative module 6 is more or less a "plug" analog connection of the alternating magnetic field in the range between 5 and 6, in addition to the energy transmission or alternatively, for example, this can be done via devices housed in the wall material for transmitting WLAN signals or Ethernet or the like, which are transmitted inductively from the power supply module 5 to the current dissipation module 6 and there corresponding conversion into signals, for example, for the transmission of data or control commands to connected computers or software-controlled devices or devices can be routed, and / or in the opposite direction.

FIG. 3 shows, roughly schematically, a combination of a supply module 5, a discharge module 6 and a cladding element 4 according to the invention, wherein the

Coil windings 15 of the supply module 5 and the derivation module 6 are configured such that they completely overlap and are each surrounded by a jacket 16, for example, ferrite or a metal. Together, this arrangement ensures particularly good shielding and thus high energy transfer efficiency and very little emission of interference.

/ Claims

Claims

claims

Surface-shaped cladding element (4) for surfaces of planar building parts, which is equipped with a transmission device (1) for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, a supply module (5) for electrical energy and / or electrical signals and a derivative module (6) for electrical Current and / or electrical signals, which are detachably connected to each other in such a way that the electrical energy and / or electrical signals can be transmitted, characterized in that in the transmission device (4) mentioned above, the supply module (5) breakthrough behind the cladding element (4) is arranged while the discharge module (6) is arranged breakthrough before the cladding element (4), and both modules (5,6) elements for inductive transmission of electrical energy from the supply module (5) to the discharge module (6) and / or of electrical signals from the supply module (5) to the discharge module (6), in reverse Direction or in both directions and facilities for break-through and releasably attaching the derivative module (6) include.

Cladding element according to claim 1, characterized in that interfering radiation radiating by appropriate shaping of electromagnetic energy used for the transmission of electrical energy by means of inductive transmission alternating and receiving elements for possible directional radiation; by suitable shielding; or both are shielded at least to the extent that limit values for interfering radiation can be complied with.

Cladding element (4) according to claim 1 or 2, which is opaque or at least partially transparent in visible to the human eye area and consists of a non-current-conducting and nichtmagnetisier- ble material selected from ceramic, acrylic glass and all glass.

Cladding element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its thickness is in the range of 0.1 to 100 mm, preferably in a range of as low-loss transmission of electrical energy according to the induction principle allows, in particular in the range of 0.1 to 20 mm, for example in the case of behind-lying touch-sensitive screens, for example, according to the "Projected Capacitive Touchscreen" principle (projective capacitive touch screen principle) in the range of 0.1 to 30 mm , preferably from 0.2 to 20, for example from 0.2 to 10 or 2 to 18 mm, such as 2 to 8 mm.

Cladding element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has an area of 2 to 500 m ² , preferably from 3 to 50 m ² .

Cladding element (4) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is in front of or on the substrate at least one surface in a building interior in the form of a wall, a ceiling or a floor of an interior of a building selected from a wet room and an operating room, or mounted in front of or on the substrate of a building exterior surface which is accessible to moisture, substantially over the entire substrate surface.

Cladding element (4) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is arranged such that the transmission of electrical energy and / or electrical signals from the supply module (5) for electrical energy and / or electrical signals to the derivative module (6 ) and / or in the case of electrical signals in the reverse direction, with the aid of an alternating electromagnetic field.

Cladding element (4) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the supply module (5) is arranged in the mounted state on the substrate side in close contact with the corresponding surface of the cladding element, and a converter electronics and - electrics (7) for converting supplied ( eg DC or AC) current and / or electrical signals in a magnetic alternating field includes, and in or on the cladding element facing area as a means for breakthrough and releasably securing the dissipation module (6) comprises an array of one or more passively magnetizable elements, which, in interaction with the magnetic field emanating from the derivation module (6), can enable the derivation module (6) to be retained, alternatively there Electromagnets that can be driven by supplied current and for appropriate magnetic interaction with (in particular passively magnetizable, ie paramagnetic, for example, in particular ferromagnetic) elements in the derivative module (6), each for its releasable attachment, can be provided, and the derivative module (6) a converter electronics and electrics (8), which converts incoming alternating magnetic fields into a direct or alternating voltage and / or electrical signals which can cause electric current (flux) via suitable circuits when they are closed, and / or the conversion of electrical signals converted into alternating magnetic fields, which allow transmission to the supply module (5), wherein separately or in combination with the just mentioned converter electronics and electrical (8) vorg as a means for breakthrough and releasably attaching the discharge module locking and release electronics It may be possible to electromagnetically (eg via corresponding coils or other shaped electromagnets) to build up magnetic fields by interaction with the or the arrangements of one or more passively magnetizable elements and / or electromagnets in the mounted state behind the cladding element opposite lying supply module (5) can cause a releasable attachment of the discharge module (6) on the cladding element (4), wherein the discharge module (6), a switch may be provided by the attraction between the supply module (5) and the discharge module (6) activated or can be terminated, so that the latter can be reversibly fixed.

Cladding element (4) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the derivative module (6) via conventional detachable contacts or via permanent contacts with one or more conductors (13) is connected.

Cladding element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the transducer electronics and electrical systems of the supply module (5) and the derivative module (6) are tuned such that they operate on the principle of resonance.

With at least one trim element (4) according to one of the claims 1 to 10 equipped surface of a building part, in particular wall, floor, ceiling or roof surface, which is accessible to moisture, or floor, ceiling or especially wall of a building interior selected from an operating room and a wet room.

12. surface or building interior according to claim 11, which is a wet room or an operating room.

13. Building interior according to one of claims 1 1 or 12, wherein at least one wall, the ceiling or the floor is acted upon with one or more inventive transparent sheet-like cladding elements (4), on which substrate side at least one as in one of claims 1 to 10 described supply module (5) is provided, wherein the remaining walls may also be covered (in the case of an operating room preferably), the ceilings and optionally also the bottom of a cover or other joint-free materials.

14. Building interior according to one of claims 1 1 to 13, characterized in that each of its walls and optionally also the ceiling are each covered with a cladding element (4) according to one of claims 1 to 9, which are connected to each other with little joints in their edge regions.

15. The use of a supply module (5) for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, the breakthrough is arranged behind a sheet-like cladding element (4) for a surface of a flat building part according to one of claims 1 to 10 in a building interior or on a building exterior surface, and a derivation module (6) for electric current and / or electrical signals, which is disposed on the supply module (5) opposite side of the cladding element (4) breakthrough and releasably, for the inductive transmission of electrical energy and / or electrical signals from the supply module (5 ) to the derivation module (6) and / or especially in the case of electrical signals in the reverse direction.

16. A method for transmitting electrical energy and / or electrical signals by a surface covering element (4) for a Surface of a planar building part according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the current and / or the electrical signals in a supply module (5) for electrical energy and / or electrical signals, which is arranged breakthrough behind the said cladding element (4) is converted into an alternating magnetic field which is at least partially received by a discharge module (6) for electric current and / or electrical signals, on the supply module (5) opposite side of said cladding element (4) breakthrough and releasably arranged is converted into a voltage or into electrical signals, wherein said derivative module (6) vice versa electrical signals are converted into a magnetic alternating field and transmitted to the supply module and received there and can be converted into electrical signals.