EP2772985A1 - System for attaching a planar radome to the concave reflector of an antenna - Google Patents

System for attaching a planar radome to the concave reflector of an antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2772985A1
EP2772985A1 EP13305221.7A EP13305221A EP2772985A1 EP 2772985 A1 EP2772985 A1 EP 2772985A1 EP 13305221 A EP13305221 A EP 13305221A EP 2772985 A1 EP2772985 A1 EP 2772985A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
flange portion
antenna
radome
lower flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13305221.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2772985B1 (en
Inventor
Armel Lebayon
Denis Tuau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd filed Critical Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Priority to EP13305221.7A priority Critical patent/EP2772985B1/en
Priority to CN201480010762.8A priority patent/CN105122543B/en
Priority to PCT/IB2014/059234 priority patent/WO2014132190A1/en
Publication of EP2772985A1 publication Critical patent/EP2772985A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2772985B1 publication Critical patent/EP2772985B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of radio frequency antennas, in particular to a system for fixing a plane radome on a concave reflector of an antenna.
  • Radio frequency antennas are usually used for mobile communication networks.
  • Such an antenna comprises a main reflector usually having a concavity, which may have for example the shape of a paraboloid of revolution about the axis of symmetry of the antenna, and a feeding device located along the axis of symmetry of the antenna for transmitting electromagnetic waves transmitted or received by the antenna.
  • a radome is associated with an impervious protective surface which partitions the space defined by the reflector vis-à-vis the outside. This radome can be flexible or rigid.
  • a rigid flat radome the most used at present, has the advantage of good resistance to the external climatic environment such as rain, wind or snow.
  • the fastening system must also allow rapid disassembly / reassembly of the radome on the reflector without degradation.
  • the antennas with a filiform beam (or "pencil beam antenna” in English), used for the radio link applications, have a characteristic radiation pattern which comprises a main lobe with a quasi-suppression of side lobes in particular in the direction of the back (or "backward direction” in English) ie from +90 to +180 degrees on the one hand and from -90 to -180 degrees on the other hand.
  • the leak radiation observed at the rear of the antenna has several sources.
  • a usual solution is to use a shielding braid which improves the electrical contact between the different parts used for fixing the radome.
  • These shielding braids can be added in all junction interfaces contacting two parts such as the skirt, the reflector, the flange and the reflector.
  • the main disadvantages of this solution are its additional cost, due in particular to the increase in the number of parts, as well as the increase in the time required for the assembly of the antenna. This assembly requires precise handling, which increases the cost of installation.
  • the proposed solution is a device for fixing a flat and rigid radome on a concave reflector.
  • the fixing device must be suitable for fixing a radome which may in particular be made of a rigid material, such as a non-thermoformable material such as a low-density multilayer material or "honeycomb" .
  • the fixing device must also be resistant, reliable, inexpensive and easy to implement, whether mounting or disassembly.
  • the lower flange portion has a shape adapted to the profile of the outer surface of the reflector, and has at least one trap.
  • the trap may be placed on the upper surface of the lower flange portion facing the outer surface of the reflector, or on the side surface of the lower flange portion facing the upper flange portion.
  • the trap may have the shape of a conductive surface groove.
  • the groove is metallic or metallized plastic.
  • the groove has straight or inclined sidewalls.
  • the groove may have a section selected from a flat-bottomed U-shaped section, a rounded-bottom U-shaped section, and a V-shaped section.
  • the width of the groove is of the order of a fraction of the working wavelength of the antenna.
  • the width of the groove is of the order of one-tenth of the working wavelength of the antenna.
  • the groove has a depth of about one quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna.
  • the trap further comprises a flange along the groove.
  • the width of the flange is of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna.
  • a surface of the lower flange portion is in contact with a surface of the upper flange portion, the surface of the lower flange portion being at an acute angle with the surface of the flange top portion.
  • the upper surface of the lower flange portion further comprises at least one relief.
  • this relief has a height less than 5 mm.
  • the upper surface of the lower flange portion is at an acute angle with the outer surface of the reflector.
  • This particular shape of the lower flange portion is combined with the presence of traps so as to reduce the leakage radiation of the RF waves. In this way, no braiding shield is necessary, and all the corresponding disadvantages are thus avoided.
  • the microwave antennas comprising this fixing device have higher performances than those of known antennas in terms of backward leakage radiation, due to wave overflow and diffraction, and forward / backward F / B ratio. .
  • a radiofrequency antenna with such a fixture is a very important benefit to customers in the current and future network deployment, as this enhancement opens the door to denser network architectures with higher capacity due better radio isolation between the antennas.
  • the antenna is applicable to a wide range of microwave frequencies. It can also be applied to antennas whose reflector is not parabolic, such as antennas with rectangular reflector for base station.
  • the figure 1 illustrates in section the connection zone between a plane radome 1 and a concave reflector 2 .
  • the fastening device 3 comprises an upper flange portion 4 and a lower flange portion 5.
  • the peripheral dielectric flange 6 of the radome and the peripheral flange 7 conductive of the reflector 2 are sandwiched between the upper flange portion 4 and the portion lower flange 5 of the fastening device 3.
  • the upper flange 4 and the lower flange portion 5 of the fastener 3 are made of a conductive material, preferably metallic.
  • the upper flange portion 4 and the lower flange portion 5 of the fastener 3 are secured together, for example by screws, clips, or other similar means.
  • the main risk of such an assembly is the occurrence of radiofrequency wave leakage through gaps existing between the peripheral rim 6 of the radome 1 and the peripheral rim 7 of the reflector 2, between the peripheral rim 7 of the reflector 2 and the part lower flange 5, and between the lower flange portion 5 and the upper flange portion 4, thereby increasing the forward / backward ratio of the antenna radiation pattern.
  • Applicable standards such as ETSI Class 3, require a very high forward-to-back ratio to ensure a high level of radio isolation between antennas on the same site.
  • the upper flange portion 4 is for example here L-shaped which bears on the outer surface 10 of the flange peripheral 6 of the radome 1 by its first branch 11, and covers the peripheral edge 8 of the radome 1 and the peripheral edge 9 of the reflector 2 placed in an adjacent position by its second branch 12.
  • the lower flange portion 5 has a section whose shape is substantially triangular.
  • the general shape of the lower flange portion 5 is approximately that of a right triangle 13.
  • the length of the right triangle corresponds to the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 which cooperates with the outer surface 15 of the flange 5.
  • the height of the right triangle corresponds to the lateral surface 16 of the lower flange portion 5 which is in contact with a surface 17 of the second branch 12 of the upper flange portion 4.
  • the lateral surface 16 of the lower flange portion 5 is inclined, making an acute angle ⁇ with the plane 18 of the contact surface 17 of the second branch 12 of the upper flange portion 4. This inclination makes it possible to reduce the gap between the upper flange portion 4 and the lower flange portion 5 when the two pieces are clamped against each other. This shape makes it possible to improve the electrical contact with the upper part of flange 4.
  • the angle ⁇ is strictly greater than 0 °, and preferably about 10 °.
  • the trap 19 may be in the form of a channel with conductive walls. In the illustrated embodiment, the trap 19 is placed on the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5, near the side surface 16. Other traps could also be placed on the upper surface 14 of the lower portion. 5, but also on the side surface 16.
  • the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 may further bear one or more reliefs 20 placed at the opposite end. These reliefs 20 have a height less than 5 mm, and preferably of the order of 1 mm.
  • the reliefs 20 make it possible to improve the contact between the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 and the outer surface 15 of the peripheral flange 7 of the reflector 2. Physical contact narrower between the lower flange portion 5 and the outer surface 15 of the reflector 2 could also be provided by an inclination of the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 forming an acute angle with the outer surface 15 of the reflector 2. This allows to reduce the gap between the lower flange 5 and the reflector 2 when the two parts are clamped against each other.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of a lower flange portion 30 whose interior has been hollowed out from the surface corresponding to the hypotenuse 31 of the right triangle 32 which is approximately the shape of the portion lower flange 30.
  • the lower flange portion 30 consists of a conductive surface material such as a metal or a metallized plastic.
  • the lower flange portion 30 includes a throat-shaped trap 33 formed in the upper surface 34 of the lower flange portion 30.
  • the groove 33 is located proximate the side surface 35 of the lower flange portion 30 corresponding to the height of the triangle 32.
  • the groove 33 has a width G and a depth P which depend on the wavelength ⁇ of work of the antenna. The operating principle of such a trap is based on the fact that it produces a phase shift of a part of the wave which is then placed in phase opposition with the main wave and is canceled out.
  • the width G of the groove 33 is of the order of one-tenth of the working wavelength ⁇ of the antenna.
  • the depth P of the groove 33 is of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength ⁇ of the antenna.
  • the groove 33 has side walls that can be straight or inclined.
  • the groove 33 may have a U-shaped section with a flat bottom, a U-shaped section with a rounded bottom or a V-shaped section for example.
  • the trap may further comprise a flange 36 along the groove 33.
  • the thickness E of the flange 36 is preferably of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength ⁇ of the antenna.
  • the difference in height H between the wall 37 of the groove 33 situated on the side of the flange 36 and the wall 38 of the groove 33 situated on the opposite side is very small, of the order of one-tenth of the wavelength. ⁇ working of the antenna.
  • the upper surface 34 and / or the lateral surface 35 of the lower flange portion 30 may comprise other traps.
  • the upper surface 34 of the part lower flange 30 may further carry one or more reliefs 39, for example forming ribs.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate the radiation pattern of an antenna in the horizontal plane in the 18.7 GHz frequency band.
  • the continuous line 40 of reference represents the standard profile corresponding to the model class 3 ETSI.
  • the curve of the radiation 41 relative to an antenna of the prior art has side lobes 42 which exceed the ETSI standard.
  • the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but it is capable of many variants accessible to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • the proposed solution is not limited to a particular domain of microwave frequencies, but can be applied to different frequency domains with a design adapted to the corresponding wavelength.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The device (3) has an upper flange part (4) placed against an outer surface (10) of a flat radome (1) and covering dielectric peripheral edge (6) of the radome and a conductive peripheral edge (7) of a concave reflector (2). A lower flange part (5) is placed against an outer surface (15) of the reflector. The lower flange part has a shape adapted to a profile of the outer surface of the reflector and an electromagnetic trap (19). The trap is placed on an upper surface (14) of the lower flange part or on a side surface (16) of the lower flange part facing the upper flange part.

Description

DOMAINEFIELD

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des antennes radiofréquences, notamment à un système destiné à la fixation d'un radôme plan sur un réflecteur concave d'une antenne.The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency antennas, in particular to a system for fixing a plane radome on a concave reflector of an antenna.

ARRIERE-PLANBACKGROUND

Les antennes radiofréquences sont habituellement utilisées pour les réseaux de communication mobile. Une telle antenne comporte un réflecteur principal présentant habituellement une concavité, qui peut avoir par exemple la forme d'un paraboloïde de révolution autour de l'axe de symétrie de l'antenne, et un dispositif d'alimentation situé le long de l'axe de symétrie de l'antenne pour transmettre les ondes électromagnétiques émises ou reçues par l'antenne. On y associe un radôme qui présente une surface protectrice imperméable cloisonnant l'espace défini par le réflecteur vis-à-vis de l'extérieur. Ce radôme peut être souple ou rigide. Un radôme plat rigide, le plus utilisé actuellement, présente l'avantage d'une bonne résistance vis-à-vis de l'environnement climatique extérieur tel que pluie, vent ou neige.Radio frequency antennas are usually used for mobile communication networks. Such an antenna comprises a main reflector usually having a concavity, which may have for example the shape of a paraboloid of revolution about the axis of symmetry of the antenna, and a feeding device located along the axis of symmetry of the antenna for transmitting electromagnetic waves transmitted or received by the antenna. A radome is associated with an impervious protective surface which partitions the space defined by the reflector vis-à-vis the outside. This radome can be flexible or rigid. A rigid flat radome, the most used at present, has the advantage of good resistance to the external climatic environment such as rain, wind or snow.

Il est donc indispensable d'assurer une fixation solide capable de résister notamment à la pression du vent, en particulier pour les réflecteurs de diamètre important. Le système de fixation doit aussi permettre une démontage/remontage rapide du radôme sur le réflecteur sans dégradation.It is therefore essential to ensure a solid attachment able to withstand wind pressure, particularly for reflectors of large diameter. The fastening system must also allow rapid disassembly / reassembly of the radome on the reflector without degradation.

Les antennes à faisceau filiforme (ou « pencil beam antenna » en anglais), utilisées pour les applications de liaison radio, ont un diagramme de rayonnement caractéristique qui comporte un lobe principal avec une quasi-suppression des lobes latéraux notamment en direction de l'arrière (ou « backward direction » en anglais) i.e. de +90 à +180 degrés d'une part et de -90 à -180 degrés d'autre part. Le rayonnement de fuite observé à l'arrière de l'antenne a plusieurs sources. Une partie de ce rayonnement indésirable est dû au débordement (ou « spillover » en anglais), à la diffraction des ondes (ou « scattering » en anglais) sur le bord périphérique du réflecteur ou de la jupe (ou « shroud » en anglais), ainsi qu'à la fuite des ondes radiofréquences RF au travers des petits interstices, contenant de l'air, qui existent entre les différents éléments composant l'antenne, notamment le réflecteur, la jupe, la bride de fixation du radôme et le radôme. La gravité de ce problème générique est même augmenté dans les directions -180 degrés et +180 degrés en raison de l'additivité des ondes diffractées par la bride, qui ont la même phase à cause de la même longueur physique du trajet parcouru par les ondes. Toutes ces contributions au rayonnement de fuite contribuent à détériorer un des paramètres clés pour une antenne de liaison radio : son rapport avant/arrière F/B (ou « Front-to-Back ratio » en anglais), qui entraine une dégradation des performances radioélectriques de l'antenne.The antennas with a filiform beam (or "pencil beam antenna" in English), used for the radio link applications, have a characteristic radiation pattern which comprises a main lobe with a quasi-suppression of side lobes in particular in the direction of the back (or "backward direction" in English) ie from +90 to +180 degrees on the one hand and from -90 to -180 degrees on the other hand. The leak radiation observed at the rear of the antenna has several sources. Part of this unwanted radiation is due to the spillover (or "spillover" in English), the diffraction of the waves (or "scattering" in English) on the peripheral edge of the reflector or the skirt (or "shroud" in English) , as well as the leakage of radiofrequency RF waves through the small interstices, containing air, that exist between the various elements making up the antenna, in particular the reflector, the skirt, the radome fixing flange and the radome. The gravity of this generic problem is even increased in the -180 degrees and +180 degrees directions because of the additivity of the waves diffracted by the flange, which have the same phase because of the same physical length of the path traveled by the waves. . All these contributions to the leakage radiation contribute to deteriorating one of the key parameters for a radio link antenna: its forward / backward F / B ratio (or "Front-to-Back ratio" in English), which causes a degradation of the radio performance of the antenna.

Une solution habituelle est d'utiliser une tresse de blindage qui améliore le contact électrique entre les différentes pièces utilisées pour la fixation du radôme. Ces tresses de blindage peuvent être ajoutées dans tous les interfaces de jonction mettant en contact deux pièces telles que la jupe, le réflecteur, la bride et le réflecteur. Les principaux inconvénients de cette solution sont son coût supplémentaire, dû notamment à l'augmentation du nombre de pièces, ainsi que l'augmentation du temps nécessaire à l'assemblage de l'antenne. Cet assemblage nécessite une manipulation précise, ce qui augmente d'autant le coût de l'installation.A usual solution is to use a shielding braid which improves the electrical contact between the different parts used for fixing the radome. These shielding braids can be added in all junction interfaces contacting two parts such as the skirt, the reflector, the flange and the reflector. The main disadvantages of this solution are its additional cost, due in particular to the increase in the number of parts, as well as the increase in the time required for the assembly of the antenna. This assembly requires precise handling, which increases the cost of installation.

RESUMEABSTRACT

Il est donc proposé une solution pour réduire le rayonnement de fuite des ondes en direction de l'arrière d'une antenne ayant un réflecteur concave, et par conséquent pour améliorer le rapport avant / l'arrière de son diagramme de rayonnement pour plusieurs bandes de fréquences micro-ondes. La solution proposée est un dispositif pour l\a fixation d'un radôme plat et rigide sur un réflecteur concave. Le dispositif de fixation doit être adapté à la fixation d'un radôme qui peut être notamment constitué d'un matériau rigide, tel qu'un matériau non-thermoformable comme par exemple un matériau peu dense de type multicouche ou « nid d'abeille ». Le dispositif de fixation doit en outre être résistant, fiable, peu coûteux et facile à mettre en oeuvre, que ce soit au montage ou au démontage.It is therefore proposed a solution to reduce the leakage radiation of the waves towards the rear of an antenna having a concave reflector, and therefore to improve the forward / backward ratio of its radiation pattern for several bands of microwave frequencies. The proposed solution is a device for fixing a flat and rigid radome on a concave reflector. The fixing device must be suitable for fixing a radome which may in particular be made of a rigid material, such as a non-thermoformable material such as a low-density multilayer material or "honeycomb" . The fixing device must also be resistant, reliable, inexpensive and easy to implement, whether mounting or disassembly.

L'objet de la présente invention est un dispositif de fixation d'un radôme plan sur un réflecteur concave d'antenne, le radôme ayant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure faisant face au réflecteur, et le réflecteur ayant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure faisant face au radôme. Le dispositif comprend

  • une partie supérieure de bride placée contre la surface extérieure du radôme et recouvrant la tranche périphérique du réflecteur et du radôme, et
  • une partie inférieure de bride placée contre la surface extérieure du réflecteur.
The object of the present invention is a device for fixing a planar radome on a concave antenna reflector, the radome having an outer surface and an inner surface facing the reflector, and the reflector having an outer surface and a surface inside facing the radome. The device includes
  • an upper flange portion disposed against the outer surface of the radome and covering the peripheral edge of the reflector and the radome, and
  • a lower flange portion placed against the outer surface of the reflector.

La partie inférieure de bride a une forme adaptée au profil de la surface extérieure du réflecteur, et comporte au moins un piège.The lower flange portion has a shape adapted to the profile of the outer surface of the reflector, and has at least one trap.

Le piège peut être placé sur la surface supérieure de la partie inférieure de bride qui fait face à la surface extérieure du réflecteur, ou sur la surface latérale de la partie inférieure de bride qui fait face à la partie supérieure de bride.The trap may be placed on the upper surface of the lower flange portion facing the outer surface of the reflector, or on the side surface of the lower flange portion facing the upper flange portion.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le piège peut avoir la forme d'une gorge à surface conductrice. De préférence la gorge est métallique ou en plastique métallisé.According to one embodiment, the trap may have the shape of a conductive surface groove. Preferably the groove is metallic or metallized plastic.

Selon un aspect, la gorge a des parois latérales droites ou inclinées. La gorge peut avoir une section choisie parmi une section en forme de U à fond plat, une section en forme de U à fond arrondi et une section en forme de V.In one aspect, the groove has straight or inclined sidewalls. The groove may have a section selected from a flat-bottomed U-shaped section, a rounded-bottom U-shaped section, and a V-shaped section.

Selon un autre aspect, la largeur de la gorge est de l'ordre d'une fraction de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne. De préférence la largeur de la gorge est de l'ordre d'un dixième de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.In another aspect, the width of the groove is of the order of a fraction of the working wavelength of the antenna. Preferably the width of the groove is of the order of one-tenth of the working wavelength of the antenna.

Selon encore un autre aspect, la gorge a une profondeur de l'ordre d'un quart de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.In yet another aspect, the groove has a depth of about one quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna.

Selon une variante, le piège comporte en outre un rebord le long de la gorge. De préférence la largeur du rebord est de l'ordre d'un quart de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.Alternatively, the trap further comprises a flange along the groove. Preferably the width of the flange is of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna.

Selon un mode de réalisation, une surface de la partie inférieure de bride est en contact avec une surface de la partie supérieur de bride, la surface de la partie inférieure de bride faisant un angle aigu avec la surface de la partie supérieur de bride.According to one embodiment, a surface of the lower flange portion is in contact with a surface of the upper flange portion, the surface of the lower flange portion being at an acute angle with the surface of the flange top portion.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la surface supérieure de la partie inférieure de bride comprend en outre au moins un relief. De préférence ce relief a une hauteur inférieure à 5 mm.According to one embodiment, the upper surface of the lower flange portion further comprises at least one relief. Preferably this relief has a height less than 5 mm.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la surface supérieure de la partie inférieure de bride fait un angle aigu avec la surface extérieur du réflecteur.In another embodiment, the upper surface of the lower flange portion is at an acute angle with the outer surface of the reflector.

Il s'agit de donner une forme particulière à la partie inférieure de bride afin d'obtenir une amélioration du contact radio-électrique entre le radôme et le réflecteur. Cette forme particulière de la partie inférieure de bride est combinée à la présence de pièges de manière à réduire le rayonnement de fuite des ondes RF. De cette façon, aucune tresse de blindage n'est nécessaire, et tous les inconvénients correspondants sont ainsi évités.This is to give a particular shape to the lower part of the flange to obtain an improvement of the radio-electric contact between the radome and the reflector. This particular shape of the lower flange portion is combined with the presence of traps so as to reduce the leakage radiation of the RF waves. In this way, no braiding shield is necessary, and all the corresponding disadvantages are thus avoided.

Une antenne radiofréquence comprend un dispositif de fixation d'un radôme plan sur un réflecteur concave d'antenne, le radôme ayant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure faisant face au réflecteur et le réflecteur ayant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure faisant face au radôme, dispositif comprenant

  • une partie supérieure de bride placé contre la surface extérieure du radôme et recouvrant la tranche périphérique du réflecteur et du radôme, et
  • une partie inférieure de bride placée contre la surface extérieure du réflecteur, ayant une forme adaptée au profil de la surface extérieure du réflecteur, et comportant au moins un piège.
A radio frequency antenna includes a device for attaching a planar radome to a concave antenna reflector, the radome having an outer surface and an inner surface facing the reflector and the reflector having an outer surface and an inner surface facing the radome , device comprising
  • an upper flange portion placed against the outer surface of the radome and covering the peripheral edge of the reflector and the radome, and
  • a lower flange portion disposed against the outer surface of the reflector, having a shape adapted to the profile of the outer surface of the reflector, and having at least one trap.

Les antennes à micro-ondes comprenant ce dispositif de fixation présentent des performances supérieures à celles des antennes connues en termes de rayonnement de fuite vers l'arrière, dû au débordement et à la diffraction des ondes, et de rapport avant/arrière F/B. Une antenne radiofréquence comportant un tel dispositif de fixation représente un avantage très important aux yeux des clients dans le cadre du déploiement de réseau actuel et futur, car ce perfectionnement ouvre la porte à des architectures de réseau plus denses avec une capacité plus élevée en raison d'une meilleure isolation radioélectrique entre les antennes.The microwave antennas comprising this fixing device have higher performances than those of known antennas in terms of backward leakage radiation, due to wave overflow and diffraction, and forward / backward F / B ratio. . A radiofrequency antenna with such a fixture is a very important benefit to customers in the current and future network deployment, as this enhancement opens the door to denser network architectures with higher capacity due better radio isolation between the antennas.

L'antenne est applicable à une large gamme de fréquences micro-ondes. Elle peut également être appliquée aux antennes dont le réflecteur n'est pas parabolique, comme par exemple les antennes à réflecteur rectangulaire pour station de base.The antenna is applicable to a wide range of microwave frequencies. It can also be applied to antennas whose reflector is not parabolic, such as antennas with rectangular reflector for base station.

BREVE DESCRIPTIONBRIEF DESCRIPTION

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation, donné bien entendu à titre illustratif et non limitatif, et dans le dessin annexé sur lequel

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique illustrant un mode de réalisation de la jonction entre un réflecteur d'antenne et un radôme,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective illustrant un autre mode de réalisation de la jonction entre un réflecteur d'antenne et un radôme,
  • les figures 3a et 3b illustrent la comparaison des diagrammes de rayonnement dans la bande de fréquence à 18,7 GHz dans le plan horizontal d'une antenne de l'art antérieur et d'une antenne selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 1 ; l'intensité du rayonnement I en dB est donné en ordonnée, et en abscisse l'angle d'émission/réception α en degrés.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following description of an embodiment, given of course by way of illustration and not limitation, and in the accompanying drawing in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the junction between an antenna reflector and a radome,
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view illustrating another embodiment of the junction between an antenna reflector and a radome,
  • the Figures 3a and 3b illustrate the comparison of radiation patterns in the 18.7 GHz frequency band in the horizontal plane of a prior art antenna and an antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention. figure 1 ; the intensity of the radiation I in dB is given in ordinate, and in abscissa the angle of emission / reception α in degrees.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

La figure 1 illustre en coupe la zone de liaison entre un radôme 1 plan et un réflecteur 2 concave. Le dispositif de fixation 3 comprend une partie supérieure de bride 4 et une partie inférieure de bride 5. Le rebord périphérique 6 diélectrique du radôme et le rebord périphérique 7 conducteur du réflecteur 2 sont pris en sandwich entre la partie supérieure de bride 4 et la partie inférieure de bride 5 du dispositif de fixation 3. La partie supérieure de bride 4 et la partie inférieure de bride 5 du dispositif de fixation 3 sont en un matériau conducteur, de préférence métallique. La partie supérieure de bride 4 et la partie inférieure de bride 5 du dispositif de fixation 3 sont fixées entre elles, par exemple par des vis, des clips ou d'autres moyens similaires. Le principal risque que présente un tel assemblage est la survenue de fuite d'ondes radiofréquences au travers des interstices existants entre le rebord périphérique 6 du radôme 1 et le rebord périphérique 7 du réflecteur 2, entre le rebord périphérique 7 du réflecteur 2 et la partie inférieure de bride 5, et entre la partie inférieure de bride 5 et la partie supérieure de bride 4, augmentant alors le rapport avant/arrière du diagramme de rayonnement de l'antenne. Les normes applicables, par exemple la norme ETSI classe 3, imposent un rapport avant/arrière très élevé afin de garantir un haut niveau d'isolation radioélectrique entre des antennes se trouvant sur un même site.The figure 1 illustrates in section the connection zone between a plane radome 1 and a concave reflector 2 . The fastening device 3 comprises an upper flange portion 4 and a lower flange portion 5. The peripheral dielectric flange 6 of the radome and the peripheral flange 7 conductive of the reflector 2 are sandwiched between the upper flange portion 4 and the portion lower flange 5 of the fastening device 3. the upper flange 4 and the lower flange portion 5 of the fastener 3 are made of a conductive material, preferably metallic. The upper flange portion 4 and the lower flange portion 5 of the fastener 3 are secured together, for example by screws, clips, or other similar means. The main risk of such an assembly is the occurrence of radiofrequency wave leakage through gaps existing between the peripheral rim 6 of the radome 1 and the peripheral rim 7 of the reflector 2, between the peripheral rim 7 of the reflector 2 and the part lower flange 5, and between the lower flange portion 5 and the upper flange portion 4, thereby increasing the forward / backward ratio of the antenna radiation pattern. Applicable standards, such as ETSI Class 3, require a very high forward-to-back ratio to ensure a high level of radio isolation between antennas on the same site.

Afin de réduire le rayonnement de fuite sans faire appel à une pièce supplémentaire (e.g. une tresse de blindage), il est proposé d'assembler le radôme 1 et le réflecteur 2 uniquement grâce à une bride de fixation 3 composée d'une partie supérieure 4 et d'une partie inférieure 5. La partie supérieure de bride 4 est par exemple ici en forme de L qui prend appui sur la surface extérieure 10 du rebord périphérique 6 du radôme 1 par sa première branche 11, et recouvre la tranche périphérique 8 du radôme 1 et la tranche périphérique 9 du réflecteur 2 placées en position adjacente par sa seconde branche 12. In order to reduce the leakage radiation without using an additional piece (eg a shielding braid), it is proposed to assemble the radome 1 and the reflector 2 only through a fastening flange 3 composed of an upper portion 4 and a lower portion 5. The upper flange portion 4 is for example here L-shaped which bears on the outer surface 10 of the flange peripheral 6 of the radome 1 by its first branch 11, and covers the peripheral edge 8 of the radome 1 and the peripheral edge 9 of the reflector 2 placed in an adjacent position by its second branch 12.

La partie inférieure de bride 5 a une section dont la forme est sensiblement triangulaire. Dans le cas présent la forme générale de la partie inférieure de bride 5 est approximativement celle d'un triangle rectangle 13. La longueur du triangle rectangle correspond à la surface supérieure 14 de la partie inférieure de bride 5 qui coopère avec la surface extérieure 15 du rebord périphérique 7 du réflecteur 2. Et la hauteur du triangle rectangle correspond à la surface latérale 16 de la partie inférieure de bride 5 qui est en contact avec une surface 17 de la seconde branche 12 de la partie supérieure de bride 4. The lower flange portion 5 has a section whose shape is substantially triangular. In the present case, the general shape of the lower flange portion 5 is approximately that of a right triangle 13. The length of the right triangle corresponds to the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 which cooperates with the outer surface 15 of the flange 5. peripheral flange 7 of the reflector 2. And the height of the right triangle corresponds to the lateral surface 16 of the lower flange portion 5 which is in contact with a surface 17 of the second branch 12 of the upper flange portion 4.

La surface latérale 16 de la partie inférieure de bride 5 est inclinée, faisant un angle β aigu avec le plan 18 de la surface de contact 17 de la seconde branche 12 de la partie supérieure de bride 4. Cette inclinaison permet de réduire l'écart entre la partie supérieure de bride 4 et la partie inférieure de bride 5 lorsque les deux pièces sont serrées l'une contre l'autre. Cette forme permet d'améliorer le contact électrique avec la partie supérieure de bride 4. L'angle β est strictement supérieur à 0°, et de préférence d'environ 10°.The lateral surface 16 of the lower flange portion 5 is inclined, making an acute angle β with the plane 18 of the contact surface 17 of the second branch 12 of the upper flange portion 4. This inclination makes it possible to reduce the gap between the upper flange portion 4 and the lower flange portion 5 when the two pieces are clamped against each other. This shape makes it possible to improve the electrical contact with the upper part of flange 4. The angle β is strictly greater than 0 °, and preferably about 10 °.

Dans la partie inférieure de bride 5 est ménagé au moins un piège. Le piège 19 peut être en forme de gorge à paroi conductrices. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, le piège 19 est placé sur la surface supérieure 14 de la partie inférieure de bride 5, à proximité de la surface latérale 16. D'autres pièges pourraient être aussi placé sur la surface supérieure 14 de la partie inférieure de bride 5, mais également sur la surface latérale 16. In the lower part of flange 5 is provided at least one trap. The trap 19 may be in the form of a channel with conductive walls. In the illustrated embodiment, the trap 19 is placed on the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5, near the side surface 16. Other traps could also be placed on the upper surface 14 of the lower portion. 5, but also on the side surface 16.

La surface supérieure 14 de la partie inférieure de bride 5 peut en outre porter un ou plusieurs reliefs 20 placés à l'extrémité opposée. Ces reliefs 20 ont une hauteur inférieur à 5mm, et de préférence de l'ordre de 1 mm. Les reliefs 20 permettent d'améliorer le contact entre la surface supérieure 14 de la partie inférieure de bride 5 et la surface extérieure 15 du rebord périphérique 7 du réflecteur 2. Un contact physique plus étroit entre la partie inférieure de bride 5 et la surface extérieure 15 du réflecteur 2 pourrait aussi être assuré par une inclinaison de la surface supérieure 14 de la partie inférieure de bride 5 formant un angle aigu avec la surface extérieure 15 du réflecteur 2. Ceci permet de réduire l'écart entre la partie inférieure de bride 5 et le réflecteur 2 lorsque les deux pièces sont serrées l'une contre l'autre.The upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 may further bear one or more reliefs 20 placed at the opposite end. These reliefs 20 have a height less than 5 mm, and preferably of the order of 1 mm. The reliefs 20 make it possible to improve the contact between the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 and the outer surface 15 of the peripheral flange 7 of the reflector 2. Physical contact narrower between the lower flange portion 5 and the outer surface 15 of the reflector 2 could also be provided by an inclination of the upper surface 14 of the lower flange portion 5 forming an acute angle with the outer surface 15 of the reflector 2. This allows to reduce the gap between the lower flange 5 and the reflector 2 when the two parts are clamped against each other.

La figure 2 illustre une vue en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une partie inférieure de bride 30 dont l'intérieur à été évidé en partant de la surface correspondant à l'hypoténuse 31 du triangle rectangle 32 qui représente approximativement la forme de la partie inférieure de bride 30. La partie inférieure de bride 30 est constitué d'un matériau à surface conductrice comme par exemple un métal ou un plastique métallisé.The figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of a lower flange portion 30 whose interior has been hollowed out from the surface corresponding to the hypotenuse 31 of the right triangle 32 which is approximately the shape of the portion lower flange 30. The lower flange portion 30 consists of a conductive surface material such as a metal or a metallized plastic.

La partie inférieure de bride 30 comprend un piège en forme de gorge 33 ménagée dans la surface supérieure 34 de la partie inférieure de bride 30. La gorge 33 est placée à proximité de la surface latérale 35 de la partie inférieure de bride 30 correspondant à la hauteur du triangle rectangle 32. La gorge 33 a une largeur G et une profondeur P qui dépendent de la longueur d'onde λ de travail de l'antenne. Le principe de fonctionnement d'un tel piège est basé sur le fait qu'il produit un déphasage d'une partie de l'onde qui est alors placée en opposition de phase avec l'onde principale et vient s'annuler. La largeur G de la gorge 33 est de l'ordre du dixième de la longueur d'onde λ de travail de l'antenne. La profondeur P de la gorge 33 est de l'ordre du quart de la longueur d'onde λ de travail de l'antenne. La gorge 33 a des parois latérales qui peuvent être droites ou inclinées. La gorge 33 peut avoir une section en forme de U à fond plat, une section en forme de U à fond arrondi ou une section en forme de V par exemple.The lower flange portion 30 includes a throat-shaped trap 33 formed in the upper surface 34 of the lower flange portion 30. The groove 33 is located proximate the side surface 35 of the lower flange portion 30 corresponding to the height of the triangle 32. the groove 33 has a width G and a depth P which depend on the wavelength λ of work of the antenna. The operating principle of such a trap is based on the fact that it produces a phase shift of a part of the wave which is then placed in phase opposition with the main wave and is canceled out. The width G of the groove 33 is of the order of one-tenth of the working wavelength λ of the antenna. The depth P of the groove 33 is of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength λ of the antenna. The groove 33 has side walls that can be straight or inclined. The groove 33 may have a U-shaped section with a flat bottom, a U-shaped section with a rounded bottom or a V-shaped section for example.

Le piège peut comporter en outre un rebord 36 le long de la gorge 33. L'épaisseur E du rebord 36 est de préférence de l'ordre du quart de la longueur d'onde λ de travail de l'antenne. La différence de hauteur H entre la paroi 37 de la gorge 33 située du côté du rebord 36 et la paroi 38 de la gorge 33 située du côté opposé, est très petite, de l'ordre d'un dixième de la longueur d'onde λ de travail de l'antenne.The trap may further comprise a flange 36 along the groove 33. The thickness E of the flange 36 is preferably of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength λ of the antenna. The difference in height H between the wall 37 of the groove 33 situated on the side of the flange 36 and the wall 38 of the groove 33 situated on the opposite side is very small, of the order of one-tenth of the wavelength. λ working of the antenna.

La surface supérieure 34 et/ou la surface latérale 35 de la partie inférieure de bride 30 peuvent comporter d'autres pièges. La surface supérieure 34 de la partie inférieure de bride 30 peut en outre porter un ou plusieurs reliefs 39, par exemple formant des nervures.The upper surface 34 and / or the lateral surface 35 of the lower flange portion 30 may comprise other traps. The upper surface 34 of the part lower flange 30 may further carry one or more reliefs 39, for example forming ribs.

Les figures 3a et 3b illustrent le diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne dans le plan horizontal dans la bande de fréquence à 18,7 GHz. Sur ces deux figures, la ligne continue 40 de référence représente le profil standard correspondant au modèle classe 3 ETSI.The Figures 3a and 3b illustrate the radiation pattern of an antenna in the horizontal plane in the 18.7 GHz frequency band. In these two figures, the continuous line 40 of reference represents the standard profile corresponding to the model class 3 ETSI.

Sur la figure 3a, la courbe du rayonnement 41 relative à une antenne de l'art antérieur présente des lobes latéraux 42 qui dépassent la norme ETSI.On the figure 3a , the curve of the radiation 41 relative to an antenna of the prior art has side lobes 42 which exceed the ETSI standard.

Comparativement, les lobes latéraux 43 de la courbe de rayonnement 44 d'une antenne comportant le dispositif de fixation précédemment décrit sont très nettement diminués. Les valeurs du diagramme de rayonnement restent dans le cadre des valeurs maximales autorisées par le gabarit de la classe 3 ETSI dans toute l'étendue du domaine d'émission/réception. Cela montre que le dispositif de fixation est un moyen efficace de réduire le rayonnement de fuite des ondes en direction de l'arrière de l'antenne.Comparatively, the side lobes 43 of the radiation curve 44 of an antenna comprising the fixing device previously described are very significantly reduced. Radiation pattern values remain within the maximum values allowed by the ETSI Class 3 mask throughout the range of the transmit / receive domain. This shows that the attachment device is an effective means of reducing the leakage radiation of the waves towards the rear of the antenna.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits, mais elle est susceptible de nombreuses variantes accessibles à l'homme de l'art sans que l'on s'écarte de l'esprit de l'invention. La solution proposée n'est pas limitée à un domaine particulier de fréquences micro-ondes, mais peut s'appliquer à des domaines de fréquences différents avec un dimensionnement adapté à la longueur d'onde correspondante.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but it is capable of many variants accessible to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. The proposed solution is not limited to a particular domain of microwave frequencies, but can be applied to different frequency domains with a design adapted to the corresponding wavelength.

Claims (15)

Dispositif de fixation d'un radôme plan sur un réflecteur concave d'antenne, le radôme ayant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure faisant face au réflecteur et le réflecteur ayant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure faisant face au radôme, dispositif comprenant - une partie supérieure de bride placé contre la surface extérieure du radôme et recouvrant la tranche périphérique du réflecteur et du radôme, et - une partie inférieure de bride placée contre la surface extérieure du réflecteur, ayant une forme adaptée au profil de la surface extérieure du réflecteur, et comportant au moins un piège. Device for fixing a planar radome on a concave antenna reflector, the radome having an outer surface and an inner surface facing the reflector and the reflector having an outer surface and an inner surface facing the radome, comprising an upper flange portion placed against the outer surface of the radome and covering the peripheral edge of the reflector and the radome, and - A lower flange portion placed against the outer surface of the reflector, having a shape adapted to the profile of the outer surface of the reflector, and having at least one trap. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le piège est placé sur la surface supérieure de la partie inférieure de bride qui fait face à la surface extérieure du réflecteur, ou sur la surface latérale de la partie inférieure de bride qui fait face à la partie supérieure de bride.An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the trap is located on the upper surface of the lower flange portion facing the outer surface of the reflector, or on the side surface of the lower flange portion facing the upper portion. flange. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel le piège a la forme d'une gorge à surface conductrice.Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the trap has the shape of a conductive surface groove. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel laquelle la gorge a des parois latérales droites ou inclinées.Device according to claim 3, wherein the groove has straight or inclined side walls. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, dans lequel la gorge a une section choisie parmi une section en forme de U à fond plat, une section en forme de U à fond arrondi et une section en forme de V .Device according to one of claims 3 and 4, wherein the groove has a section selected from a U-shaped section with a flat bottom, a U-shaped section with a rounded bottom and a V-shaped section. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, dans lequel la largeur de la gorge est de l'ordre d'une fraction de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the width of the groove is of the order of a fraction of the working wavelength of the antenna. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la largeur de la gorge est de l'ordre d'un dixième de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.Device according to claim 6, wherein the width of the groove is of the order of one-tenth of the working wavelength of the antenna. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 et 7, dans lequel la gorge a une profondeur de l'ordre d'un quart de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.Device according to one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the groove has a depth of about one quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, dans lequel le piège comporte en outre un rebord le long de la gorge.Device according to one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the trap further comprises a flange along the groove. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, dans lequel la largeur du rebord est de l'ordre d'un quart de la longueur d'onde de travail de l'antenne.Device according to claim 9, wherein the width of the flange is of the order of a quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une surface de la partie inférieure de bride est en contact avec une surface de la partie supérieur de bride, la surface de la partie inférieure de bride faisant un angle aigu avec la surface de la partie supérieur de bride.Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a surface of the lower flange portion is in contact with a surface of the upper flange portion, the surface of the lower flange portion being at an acute angle to the surface of the flange portion. upper flange. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la surface supérieure de la partie inférieure de bride porte au moins un relief.Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper surface of the lower flange portion carries at least one relief. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, dans lequel le relief a une hauteur inférieure à 5 mm.Device according to claim 12, wherein the relief has a height less than 5 mm. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel la surface supérieure de la partie inférieure de bride fait un angle aigu avec la surface extérieur du réflecteur.Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the upper surface of the lower flange portion is at an acute angle with the outer surface of the reflector. Antenne radiofréquence comprenant un dispositif de fixation du radôme plan sur un réflecteur concave selon l'une des revendications précédentes.Radiofrequency antenna comprising a flat radome fixing device on a concave reflector according to one of the preceding claims.
EP13305221.7A 2013-02-27 2013-02-27 System for attaching a planar radome to the concave reflector of an antenna Active EP2772985B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13305221.7A EP2772985B1 (en) 2013-02-27 2013-02-27 System for attaching a planar radome to the concave reflector of an antenna
CN201480010762.8A CN105122543B (en) 2013-02-27 2014-02-25 System for being fixed to flat plane antenna cover on the concave reflector of antenna
PCT/IB2014/059234 WO2014132190A1 (en) 2013-02-27 2014-02-25 System for fastening a flat radome onto the concave reflector of an antenna

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EP13305221.7A EP2772985B1 (en) 2013-02-27 2013-02-27 System for attaching a planar radome to the concave reflector of an antenna

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EP2772985B1 (en) 2018-08-08
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WO2014132190A1 (en) 2014-09-04

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