EP2770042A1 - Method and device for lubricating a tribological system - Google Patents

Method and device for lubricating a tribological system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2770042A1
EP2770042A1 EP13000876.6A EP13000876A EP2770042A1 EP 2770042 A1 EP2770042 A1 EP 2770042A1 EP 13000876 A EP13000876 A EP 13000876A EP 2770042 A1 EP2770042 A1 EP 2770042A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
tribological
gaseous carbon
tribological system
lubricating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13000876.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Foret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP13000876.6A priority Critical patent/EP2770042A1/en
Priority to US14/174,042 priority patent/US20140235515A1/en
Priority to CN201410054006.7A priority patent/CN104004565A/en
Publication of EP2770042A1 publication Critical patent/EP2770042A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/005—Volatile oil compositions; Vaporous lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/16—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/06—Gaseous phase, at least during working conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for lubricating a tribological system.
  • Tribological systems comprise at least two parts, which perform a relative movement to one another while in contact, thereby creating friction and wear. Such friction and wear created by the movement and the contact of such parts can result in a deterioration of the system and a shorter lifetime.
  • heavy load bearings for machine tools, gear boxes, turbines (gas turbines) or space equipment are subject to wear and friction, which must be minimized in order to ensure longevity.
  • lubricants As lubricants, it is well known to use oil-based substances.
  • the atmosphere surrounding such tribological systems is usually air.
  • air is not inert and reacts with the surfaces or bulk material of the components of a tribological system (for example metals) and also with lubricants.
  • air can lead to deterioration due to oxidation of metals and/or lubricants.
  • the present invention thus seeks to provide a lubricant for tribological systems which is efficient, as well as easy and cheap to provide and handle.
  • the invention thus provides a method and a device according to the independent claims.
  • a highly effective lubricant for numerous tribological systems is provided, which is both inexpensive and easy to handle.
  • gaseous carbon dioxide is provided by expanding liquid carbon dioxide provided in a gas cylinder or vessel. It can be transformed into the gaseous state for example using membrane techniques. After being directed to the tribological system to be lubricated (i. e. regions of the tribological system, which are to be lubricated), this gaseous carbon dioxide can be released into the atmosphere. As is well known, health hazards in connection with carbon dioxide are minimal, so that no specific measures for protecting users in the vicinity of the lubricated tribological system are necessary. Gasous carbon dioxide can be supplied from cylinders with gaseous content. It is also possible to collect carbon dioxide after lubrication in order to recycle it, for example to provide synthetic fuels.
  • Gaseous carbon dioxide can easily be handled. For example, it can be provided in cylinders or containers containing liquid carbon dioxide. Such a cylinder can be provided with means for gaseous extraction, as is commonly known. Carbon dioxide is cheap and readily available.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention with which a tribological system can be lubricated.
  • a bearing 10 As an example of a tribological system to be lubricated, a bearing 10 is shown.
  • a cylinder 20 containing liquid carbon dioxide is provided with a nozzle device 22 (not shown true to scale relative to the cylinder 20), through which liquid carbon dioxide can be expanded to provide a stream 24 of gaseous carbon dioxid.
  • a closing valve is expediently provided between cylinder 20 and nozzle device 22.
  • Injection of gaseous carbon dioxide enables an effective lubrication of regions of tribological systems to be lubricated.
  • specific shapes of nozzles 22 can be used in order to transport gaseous carbon dioxide to desired regions or places.
  • gaseous carbon dioxide as lubricant metal or iron carbonates are formed on the surface of components of tribological systems, resulting in efficient proctective layers.
  • a continuous supply of gaseous carbon dioxide is usually necessary, since such protective layers of metal or ion carbonates will be removed by rubbing, i. e. components of a tribological system moving relative to one another.
  • the invention constitutes a dry lubrication, which can especially be utilized for applications in which any kind of dampness is to be avoided.
  • liquid or grease lubricants are used against friction and wear.
  • solid lubricants i.e. molybdenum disulfide, graphite, hexagonal boron nitride
  • gaseous carbon dioxide may now be used as lubricant.
  • Examples of applications are: air compressors, food industry applications, railway track joints, open gear, ball bearings, machine-shop works, space vehicles (bearings, rings).
  • the invention is also useful to reduce wear and friction in tribological systems containing materials such as ceramics and polymers.
  • tribological systems with which the invention can advantageously be used, are, for example, bearings, magnetic storage devices, transmission devices, driveline devices, brakes, cylinders, valves, wheels, dampers, equipment used in mining and mineral processing, cutting devices, gearboxes, turbines and space equipment.
  • Spacecraft contain a variety of instruments and mechanisms that require lubrication. Such devices include solar array drives, momentum, reaction and filter wheels, tracking antennas, scanning devices and sensors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

Method for lubricating a tribological system comprising the following steps:
- Providing gaseous carbon dioxide, and
- bringing the gaseous carbon dioxide into contact with regions of the tribological system to be lubricated.

Description

    Background of the invention
  • The invention relates to a method and a device for lubricating a tribological system.
    • Prior art
  • Tribological systems comprise at least two parts, which perform a relative movement to one another while in contact, thereby creating friction and wear. Such friction and wear created by the movement and the contact of such parts can result in a deterioration of the system and a shorter lifetime.
  • For example, heavy load bearings for machine tools, gear boxes, turbines (gas turbines) or space equipment are subject to wear and friction, which must be minimized in order to ensure longevity.
  • To this effect, special bulk materials, surfaces and/or lubricants are constantly being developed, in order to decrease friction and wear, thereby increasing the lifetime of such systems.
  • As lubricants, it is well known to use oil-based substances. The atmosphere surrounding such tribological systems is usually air. However, air is not inert and reacts with the surfaces or bulk material of the components of a tribological system (for example metals) and also with lubricants. Especially, air can lead to deterioration due to oxidation of metals and/or lubricants. These disadvantages are especially prominent in case of high temperatures.
  • Such interactions between the tribological system and the surrounding atmosphere have an important overall effect on the lifetime of the system as well as its efficiency.
  • From WO 2006/119047 A2 it is known to use supercritical carbon dioxide as a lubrication means for metal work pieces during metal working processes. The provision of supercritical carbon dioxide is, however, relatively expensive. Also, the provision and handling of supercritical carbon dioxide is time-consuming.
  • The present invention thus seeks to provide a lubricant for tribological systems which is efficient, as well as easy and cheap to provide and handle.
  • The invention thus provides a method and a device according to the independent claims.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the independent claims.
  • According to the invention, a highly effective lubricant for numerous tribological systems is provided, which is both inexpensive and easy to handle.
  • According to a preferred embodiment, gaseous carbon dioxide is provided by expanding liquid carbon dioxide provided in a gas cylinder or vessel. It can be transformed into the gaseous state for example using membrane techniques. After being directed to the tribological system to be lubricated (i. e. regions of the tribological system, which are to be lubricated), this gaseous carbon dioxide can be released into the atmosphere. As is well known, health hazards in connection with carbon dioxide are minimal, so that no specific measures for protecting users in the vicinity of the lubricated tribological system are necessary. Gasous carbon dioxide can be supplied from cylinders with gaseous content. It is also possible to collect carbon dioxide after lubrication in order to recycle it, for example to provide synthetic fuels.
  • Gaseous carbon dioxide can easily be handled. For example, it can be provided in cylinders or containers containing liquid carbon dioxide. Such a cylinder can be provided with means for gaseous extraction, as is commonly known. Carbon dioxide is cheap and readily available.
  • The invention will now be described in more detail on the basis of a preferred embodiment as shown in the figures.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention with which a tribological system can be lubricated.
  • As an example of a tribological system to be lubricated, a bearing 10 is shown. A cylinder 20 containing liquid carbon dioxide is provided with a nozzle device 22 (not shown true to scale relative to the cylinder 20), through which liquid carbon dioxide can be expanded to provide a stream 24 of gaseous carbon dioxid. A closing valve is expediently provided between cylinder 20 and nozzle device 22.
  • By expedient placement of nozzle 22 in relation to the bearing 10, lubrication of the latter by means of gaseous carbon dioxide can be effectively provided.
  • As carbon dioxide is non-hazardous for users, no means for retrieving gaseous carbon dioxide subsequently to its contact with bearing 10 are necessary.
  • Injection of gaseous carbon dioxide enables an effective lubrication of regions of tribological systems to be lubricated. Especially, specific shapes of nozzles 22 can be used in order to transport gaseous carbon dioxide to desired regions or places.
  • Wear and friction of tribological systems, especially metal parts of such systems, is thus effectively reduced.
  • This observation especially holds for tribological systems operating at elevated temperatures, especially for temperatures above 200°C.
  • It is presumed that by usage of gaseous carbon dioxide as lubricant metal or iron carbonates are formed on the surface of components of tribological systems, resulting in efficient proctective layers.
  • A continuous supply of gaseous carbon dioxide is usually necessary, since such protective layers of metal or ion carbonates will be removed by rubbing, i. e. components of a tribological system moving relative to one another.
  • It has been shown that usage of gaseous carbon dioxide as lubricant requires no further addition of other lubricants, such as oil based lubricants.
  • The invention constitutes a dry lubrication, which can especially be utilized for applications in which any kind of dampness is to be avoided.
  • In most tribological applications, liquid or grease lubricants are used against friction and wear. However, under extreme conditions e. g. (very high or low temperature, vacuum, radiation, extreme pressure) solid lubricants (i.e. molybdenum disulfide, graphite, hexagonal boron nitride) have conventionally been the only choice. At least for some of these applications, gaseous carbon dioxide may now be used as lubricant.
  • Examples of applications are: air compressors, food industry applications, railway track joints, open gear, ball bearings, machine-shop works, space vehicles (bearings, rings).
  • The invention is also useful to reduce wear and friction in tribological systems containing materials such as ceramics and polymers.
  • Further preferred examples of tribological systems, with which the invention can advantageously be used, are, for example, bearings, magnetic storage devices, transmission devices, driveline devices, brakes, cylinders, valves, wheels, dampers, equipment used in mining and mineral processing, cutting devices, gearboxes, turbines and space equipment. Spacecraft contain a variety of instruments and mechanisms that require lubrication. Such devices include solar array drives, momentum, reaction and filter wheels, tracking antennas, scanning devices and sensors.

Claims (5)

  1. Method for lubricating a tribological system (10) comprising the following steps:
    - Providing gaseous carbon dioxide, and
    - bringing the gaseous carbon dioxide into contact with regions of the tribological system (10) to be lubricated.
  2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous carbon dioxide is provided by expanding liquid carbon dioxide.
  3. Device for lubricating a tribological system, comprising a means (20, 21) for providing gaseous carbon dioxide, and means (22) for bringing the gaseous carbon dioxide into contact with regions of the tribological system (10) to be lubricated.
  4. Device according to claim 3, comprising a cylinder (20) containing liquid carbon dioxide, which is provided with a nozzle (22) for expanding the liquid carbon dioxide to provide gaseous carbon dioxide.
  5. Use of gaseous carbon dioxide as a lubrication means for tribological systems.
EP13000876.6A 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Method and device for lubricating a tribological system Withdrawn EP2770042A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13000876.6A EP2770042A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Method and device for lubricating a tribological system
US14/174,042 US20140235515A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2014-02-06 Lubricating a tribological system
CN201410054006.7A CN104004565A (en) 2013-02-21 2014-02-18 Method and device for lubricating a tribological system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13000876.6A EP2770042A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Method and device for lubricating a tribological system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2770042A1 true EP2770042A1 (en) 2014-08-27

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EP13000876.6A Withdrawn EP2770042A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Method and device for lubricating a tribological system

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20140235515A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2770042A1 (en)
CN (1) CN104004565A (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006119047A2 (en) 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Metalworking lubricant formulations based on supercritical carbon dioxide

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9873852B2 (en) * 2009-10-16 2018-01-23 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Gas-expanded lubricants for increased energy efficiency and related method and system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006119047A2 (en) 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Metalworking lubricant formulations based on supercritical carbon dioxide

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NUNEZ E E ET AL: "Lubricity effect of carbon dioxide used as an environmentally friendly refrigerant in air-conditioning and refrigeration compressors", WEAR, ELSEVIER SEQUOIA, LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 270, no. 1-2, 2 December 2010 (2010-12-02), pages 46 - 56, XP027503133, ISSN: 0043-1648, [retrieved on 20100925], DOI: 10.1016/J.WEAR.2010.09.005 *
WU X ET AL: "Tribological Behaviors of 52100 Steel in Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere", TRIBOLOGY LETTERS, KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS-PLENUM PUBLISHERS, NE, vol. 17, no. 4, 1 November 2004 (2004-11-01), pages 925 - 930, XP019292414, ISSN: 1573-2711 *

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Publication number Publication date
CN104004565A (en) 2014-08-27
US20140235515A1 (en) 2014-08-21

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