EP2767672B1 - Dispositif de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol - Google Patents

Dispositif de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2767672B1
EP2767672B1 EP14151718.5A EP14151718A EP2767672B1 EP 2767672 B1 EP2767672 B1 EP 2767672B1 EP 14151718 A EP14151718 A EP 14151718A EP 2767672 B1 EP2767672 B1 EP 2767672B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
force
drill string
carriage
drive
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14151718.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2767672A3 (fr
EP2767672A2 (fr
Inventor
Jens Hielscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prakla Bohrtechnik GmbH
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Prakla Bohrtechnik GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2767672A2 publication Critical patent/EP2767672A2/fr
Publication of EP2767672A3 publication Critical patent/EP2767672A3/fr
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Publication of EP2767672B1 publication Critical patent/EP2767672B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for creating a hole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device for creating a hole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device comprises a carrier device, a mast mounted on the carrier device, a carriage which is guided longitudinally displaceably on the mast and on which a drill drive for rotatingly driving a drill string is arranged and a carriage drive for moving the carriage along the mast.
  • the invention further relates to a method for creating a hole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the creation of a borehole in the ground can serve different purposes.
  • the borehole can be filled with a hardenable filling material to create a foundation element in the ground.
  • the borehole can also be created, for example, for the production of wells, for soil exploration or in the context of geothermal systems, for example for the introduction of geothermal probes. Other applications are also possible.
  • the drilling parameters in particular the speed of rotation and the speed of advance, must be selected differently. If, for example, the speed of advance is too low, it is known to increase the rotational speed of the drill pipe and / or to increase the pressure force.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method for creating a hole in the ground, which allows a particularly economical creation of a borehole.
  • the device for creating a hole in the ground is characterized according to the invention in that a control device for controlling the slide drive is provided and that the control device is designed to output a control signal to the slide drive, by means of which the load force of the drill string on the bottom of the borehole can be set to a predetermined value is.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to carry out the control of the slide drive, ie the control of the axial feed of the slide, based on the value of the load force of the drill string on the bottom of the borehole.
  • the movement of the carriage along the mast is therefore dependent on the determined value of the load force during the drilling process.
  • the predetermined value of the load force can, for example, be set differently depending on the nature of the ground. For example, a higher loading force or pressure force can be selected for a hard soil material such as rock or rock than for a soft soil, for example earth material.
  • the predetermined value for the load force can be a time-constant or a time-variable value, for example an oscillation. Setting a defined load force enables a particularly efficient drilling process. Wear on the drilling tools can also be reduced. This leads to longer downtimes and consequently greater economy.
  • An input unit is preferably provided for inputting a target value for the load force, in particular by an operator of the device.
  • the input unit is preferably arranged in an operating cabin of the device.
  • the setpoint can in particular be a constant or a time-variable value.
  • the device preferably contains a measuring device or a sensor for determining the current value of the load force.
  • the measuring device or the sensor it is possible for the measuring device or the sensor to be arranged in the region of the drilling tool, that is to say on the bottom of the borehole.
  • a sensor is provided with which a retraction force and / or pressing force with which the drill string is withdrawn from the bottom of the borehole or pressed against the bottom of the borehole can be determined.
  • the retraction force and the pressing force are preferably a vertical force with which the drill string is actively lifted via the drill drive or pressed against the bottom of the borehole.
  • it is a force with which the drill drive or the slide is actively pulled or pressed up or down.
  • the sensor therefore determines the force with which the drill string pulls down or pushes up on the slide or drill drive.
  • the load can be determined or calculated based on the determined value of the retraction force and / or pressure force.
  • the load force corresponds to the force caused by the weight of the drill string.
  • the load force can be reduced or increased.
  • the drill string is raised or pulled back. To press it, it is actively pressed down.
  • the retraction force and / or pressure force can be applied to the drilling gear slide in particular by means of the slide drive.
  • the current load force is therefore preferably set by a retraction force and / or pressure force applied to the slide.
  • the sensor is preferably arranged outside the borehole, in particular in the area of the carriage, the drill drive and / or the carriage drive.
  • the sensor is, in particular, a force sensor or force transducer with which the force which can be determined directly or indirectly the drill string exerts on the slide, the drill drive and / or the slide drive by its own weight and / or an additionally applied force.
  • a load cell is provided as a sensor.
  • the load cell is arranged at the end of the dead rope when the carriage is driven by a winch.
  • the load force of the drill string on the bottom of the borehole thus depends, among other things, on the weight of the drill string.
  • the control device is set up to determine the dead weight or the gravitational force of the drill string based on the retraction force determined by the sensor.
  • the drill string can be raised so that the load force is zero.
  • the retraction force required to specify is measured.
  • the retraction force corresponds to the gravitational force from which the dead weight can be determined if necessary.
  • a storage device is preferably provided, which is set up to store the determined dead weight of the drill string. Since the dead weight of the drill string remains constant during a drilling process, unless the drill string is changed, the dead weight only has to be checked once before the Drilling process can be determined. The once determined and stored dead weight can then be used during the drilling process to determine or calculate the current load force on the bottom of the borehole.
  • the senor is designed to determine the retraction force and / or pressure force during a drilling process.
  • the force sensor is thus set up to determine the retraction force and / or pressure force continuously or repeatedly during the drilling process.
  • control device is designed to determine the load force on the bottom of the borehole based on the stored dead weight of the drill string and the retraction force and / or pressure force exerted during the drilling process.
  • the slide drive is designed to actively press the drill string to the bottom of the borehole.
  • the carriage drive is therefore designed to actively move the carriage on which the drill pipe is mounted, in particular to push or pull it.
  • the carriage drive comprises a cable drive with a cable winch and a lifting cable.
  • the rope is preferably guided over the mast and carries the sled.
  • the control device for controlling the slide drive is preferably designed as a closed control loop.
  • a constant or time-variable value of the load force of the drill string on the bottom of the borehole serves as the setpoint.
  • the actual value of the load force calculated using the force sensor is returned as feedback and subtracted from the target value.
  • the control deviation calculated in this way is fed to a controller which delivers an output value or a manipulated variable for the slide drive.
  • the control device has a PID controller. This is designed to carry out two to one hundred iteration steps per second. In this way, precise and fast control can be implemented.
  • the control deviation which is preferably calculated by determining the weight of the strand and the measured value changed by lowering the strand onto the bottom of the borehole, is fed to a controller which generates an electrical control signal. This controls the winch or the cylinder of the slide drive, preferably via a proportional valve.
  • the control parameters are preferably set to maximum speed without the system starting to oscillate.
  • the winch or cylinder pulls up the linkage as soon as there is too much load on the drilling tool and lowers the linkage when there is too little load on the drilling tool. If the rod or the drill string is too light for the required pressure, the rod is actively pressed down.
  • the hydraulic proportional valve is preferably a valve which is specially designed for winch operation. It includes a load holding function and compensation of the forces on the control piston induced by the load.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device 10 according to the invention with a carrier device 12, for example a carrier vehicle, on which a mast 20 is preferably pivotally mounted.
  • a carriage 22, which can also be referred to as a carriage, is movably guided on the vertically positionable mast 20.
  • a carriage drive 40 is provided for moving the carriage 22 along a longitudinal axis of the mast 20.
  • the carriage drive 40 can in principle be of any design.
  • Fig. 2 shows a carriage drive 40 with a cable winch 46 and a lifting rope 48.
  • the carriage 22 is suspended on the lifting rope 48.
  • the lifting cable 48 is guided to a deflection roller 23 on the carriage 22 via rollers 19 on the mast 20, in particular on a roller head 18 of the mast 20.
  • the cable 48 arrives at a fixed point on the mast 20 or on the roller head 28.
  • the cable winch 46 controls the position of the slide 22 over the length of the unwinding lifting cable 48 Pulley led.
  • FIG Fig. 3 Another embodiment of a carriage drive 40 is shown in FIG Fig. 3 shown.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 42 is provided for moving the carriage 22 along the mast 20.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 42 which can basically be designed as a single-sided or double-sided cylinder, controls the position of the slide 22 by retracting or extending its piston.
  • the slide 22 is connected via two pull cables 44.
  • the position of the slide 22 is controlled via the travel path of the hydraulic cylinder 42 with the aid of the ropes 44, which are guided on the mast 20 via rollers 26.
  • the rollers 26 are located on a lower end of the mast 20 and on a mast head 21.
  • a drill drive 24 for rotatingly driving a drill string 30 is located on the carriage 22, which can also be referred to as a drilling gear carriage.
  • the drill string 30 can be axially fixed to the drill drive 24, see above that a vertical force can be transmitted to the drill string 30 via the drill drive 24, which is also referred to as a power turret.
  • the drill string 30 comprises a drill string 32 driven by the drill drive 24, at the lower end of which a drill tool 34, which can comprise chisels and / or drill teeth, is arranged.
  • Fig. 4 shows the forces acting during the drilling process.
  • a pull-back force or pressing force is transmitted to the drilling tool 34 via the drill rod 32 and the loading force of the drilling tool 34 on the borehole bottom 4 of the borehole 2 is controlled.
  • the drilling process is preferably carried out with a constant load or a predetermined time course of the load.
  • a sensor 60 for determining the retraction force and / or pressure force is arranged in the area of the slide drive 40 or in the area of the suspension or connection of the drill string 30 or drill pipe 32 to the drill drive 24.
  • the sensor 60 which can in particular be a force sensor, can be used to determine the dead weight of the drill string 30 by measuring the force required to lift the drill string 30.
  • the measured value of the dead weight of the drill string 30 can be stored in a storage device 70.
  • the force measured by the sensor 60 is reduced. If the force is zero, the load force on the bottom of the borehole 4 corresponds to the force caused by the weight of the drill string 30.
  • the load force can be reduced by applying an upward retraction force to the slide 22 or the drilling drive 24 attached to it.
  • the actual loading force can be additionally increased by applying a downward pressure force to the slide 22 or the drilling drive 24 attached to it.
  • a control device 80 is provided for setting a load force with a predetermined value.
  • the control device 80 comprises a controller, which receives as input signal a difference between a target value of the load force and an actual value and generates an output signal which is used to control the slide drive 40. If the measured load force is too high, an upward retraction force is exerted on the slide 22. If the measured value of the pressing force is too low, a downward pressing force is exerted on the slide 22.
  • a particularly efficient drilling process can be implemented.
  • the determination of the dead weight of the drill string 30 before the start of the drilling process by lifting the drill string 30 from the bottom of the borehole enables an indirect determination of the load by measuring the additional retraction or pressure force actively applied to the drill string 30.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Dispositif de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol comportant :
    - un appareil de support (12),
    - un mât (20) logé au niveau de l'appareil de support (12),
    - un coulisseau (22) guidé coulissant longitudinalement au niveau du mât (20), au niveau duquel un entraînement de forage (24) est agencé pour l'entraînement en rotation d'un train de forage (30),
    - un outil de forage (34) au niveau d'une extrémité inférieure du train de forage (30),
    - un entraînement de coulisseau (40) pour le déplacement du coulisseau (22) le long du mât (20), dans lequel l'entraînement de coulisseau (40) présente un entraînement par câble avec un treuil (46) et un câble de levage (48),
    - un dispositif de commande (80) pour la commande de l'entraînement de coulisseau (40), et
    - un capteur (60) pour la détermination d'une force de rappel appliquée sur le coulisseau (22),
    - dans lequel le dispositif de commande (80) est réalisé pour émettre un signal de commande à l'entraînement de coulisseau (40), par lequel une charge du train de forage (30) sur le fond de puits de forage est réglable sur une valeur prédéterminée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le capteur (60) est réalisé en tant que cellule de charge, laquelle est agencée à une extrémité de câble mort du câble de levage (48) au niveau du mât (20),
    - en ce que le dispositif de commande (80) est réalisé pour déterminer une valeur actuelle de la charge du train de forage (30) sur la base d'une force de rappel et/ou force d'application déterminée par le capteur (60) à l'extrémité de câble mort pendant le forage et un poids propre du train de forage (30) enregistré dans un dispositif de mémoire (70),
    - en ce que le dispositif de commande (80) est réalisé pour amener pendant le forage une différence de la valeur actuelle de la charge et de la valeur prédéterminée de la charge en tant qu'écart de réglage à un régulateur PID, lequel est réalisé pour fournir une grandeur de réglage pour l'entraînement de coulisseau (40), et
    - en ce que le régulateur PID est réalisé pour effectuer de deux à cent pas d'itération par seconde.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une unité de saisie est prévue pour la saisie d'une valeur de consigne pour la charge.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un capteur (60) est prévu avec lequel une force de rappel et/ou force d'application, avec laquelle le train de forage (30) est retiré du fond de puits de forage ou pressé sur le fond de puits de forage, peut être déterminée.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de commande (80) est aménagé pour déterminer le poids propre du train de forage (30) sur la base de la force de rappel déterminée par le capteur (60).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'entraînement de coulisseau (40) est réalisé pour pousser le train de forage (30) activement vers le fond de puits de forage.
  6. Procédé de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol avec un dispositif (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comportant un appareil de support (12) et
    - un mât (20) logé au niveau de l'appareil de support (12), le long duquel un coulisseau (22) est guidé coulissant longitudinalement, au niveau duquel un entraînement de forage (24) est agencé, lequel entraîne en rotation un train de forage (30), dans lequel le coulisseau (22) est déplacé le long du mât (20) avec un entraînement de coulisseau (40), dans lequel l'entraînement de coulisseau (40) présente un entraînement par câble avec un treuil (46) et un câble de levage (48), et
    - un capteur (60), lequel détermine une force de rappel appliquée sur le coulisseau (22),
    - dans lequel l'entraînement de coulisseau (40) est commandé par un dispositif de commande (80), dans lequel le dispositif de commande (80) émet un signal de commande à l'entraînement de coulisseau (40), par lequel la charge du train de forage (30) sur le fond de puits de forage est prescrite sur une valeur prédéterminée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - une cellule de charge est utilisée en tant que capteur (60) et est agencée à une extrémité de câble mort du câble de levage (48) au niveau du mât (20),
    - en ce que le dispositif de commande (80) détermine une valeur actuelle de la charge du train de forage (30) sur la base d'une force de rappel et/ou force d'application déterminée par le capteur (60) pendant le forage et un poids propre du train de forage (30) enregistré dans un dispositif de mémoire (70), et
    - en ce que le dispositif de commande (80) amène pendant le forage une différence de la valeur actuelle de la charge et de la valeur prédéterminée de la charge en tant qu'écart de réglage à un régulateur PID, lequel fournit une grandeur de réglage pour l'entraînement de coulisseau (40) et effectue de deux à cent pas d'itération par seconde.
EP14151718.5A 2013-02-19 2014-01-20 Dispositif de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol Active EP2767672B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202013001608U DE202013001608U1 (de) 2013-02-19 2013-02-19 Vorrichtung zum Erstellen einer Bohrung im Boden

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2767672A2 EP2767672A2 (fr) 2014-08-20
EP2767672A3 EP2767672A3 (fr) 2016-01-13
EP2767672B1 true EP2767672B1 (fr) 2019-12-18

Family

ID=48084834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14151718.5A Active EP2767672B1 (fr) 2013-02-19 2014-01-20 Dispositif de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2767672B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202013001608U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2773500T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2576063C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015107194A1 (de) * 2015-05-08 2016-11-10 TERRA AG für Tiefbautechnik Bohranlage zum Erzeugen oder Aufweiten einer Erdbohrung im Erdreich und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Vorschubantriebs einer solchen Bohranlage
ES2737876T3 (es) * 2017-05-18 2020-01-16 Prakla Bohrtechnik Gmbh Dispositivo de perforación y procedimiento para atornillar elementos del varillaje de perforación con un dispositivo de perforación
RU2717843C1 (ru) * 2019-08-07 2020-03-26 Сергей Александрович Юрин Буровая установка
EP4174283B1 (fr) * 2021-10-29 2023-12-06 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Machine de construction et procédé de fonctionnement de la machine de construction

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4491738A (en) * 1981-11-24 1985-01-01 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij, B.V. Means for generating electricity during drilling of a borehole
GB2270385A (en) * 1992-09-05 1994-03-09 Schlumberger Services Petrol Method for determining weight on bit
WO1999039078A1 (fr) * 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 Boart Longyear International Holdings, Inc. Systeme de controle en boucle fermee pour sondage au diamant

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1548418A2 (ru) * 1988-05-10 1990-03-07 Научно-Производственное Объединение Самоходной Горной Техники Автоматический регул тор осевого усили бурового инструмента на забой
US7775099B2 (en) * 2003-11-20 2010-08-17 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Downhole tool sensor system and method
US7350593B1 (en) * 2006-11-07 2008-04-01 Schramm, Inc. Electronically controlled earth drilling rig
RU69554U1 (ru) * 2007-07-27 2007-12-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Мобильные Буровые Системы" Агрегат ремонтно-буровой ар32/40
IT1393864B1 (it) * 2008-07-30 2012-05-11 Drillmec Spa Argano per la movimentazione di dispositivi di perforazione.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4491738A (en) * 1981-11-24 1985-01-01 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij, B.V. Means for generating electricity during drilling of a borehole
GB2270385A (en) * 1992-09-05 1994-03-09 Schlumberger Services Petrol Method for determining weight on bit
WO1999039078A1 (fr) * 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 Boart Longyear International Holdings, Inc. Systeme de controle en boucle fermee pour sondage au diamant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2773500T3 (es) 2020-07-13
RU2014102430A (ru) 2015-08-10
DE202013001608U1 (de) 2013-03-08
EP2767672A3 (fr) 2016-01-13
EP2767672A2 (fr) 2014-08-20
RU2576063C2 (ru) 2016-02-27

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