EP2760608B1 - System and method for monitoring mold flux consumption - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring mold flux consumption Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2760608B1 EP2760608B1 EP12834726.7A EP12834726A EP2760608B1 EP 2760608 B1 EP2760608 B1 EP 2760608B1 EP 12834726 A EP12834726 A EP 12834726A EP 2760608 B1 EP2760608 B1 EP 2760608B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold flux
- intermediate hopper
- mold
- hopper
- transfer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/165—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for the supply of casting powder
Definitions
- This application discloses an invention which is related, generally and in various embodiments, to the metal casting field wherein mold flux consumption is monitored.
- a mold flux which may be a powder or granular material, onto the top of a shapes mold during the continuous casting of a molten metal, typically steel, as shown in US Patent No. 6,474,398 .
- the mold flux turns into slag when sufficiently heated by the molten steel.
- the mold flux being fed is in the form of a granulated powder from a bulk source such as a bag.
- the mold flux is fed by way of a vacuum from the bulk source to an intermediate feeder hopper.
- a constant level is maintained within the intermediate hopper with a proximity sensor which measures the level of mold flux within the hopper.
- US 6,474,398 discloses a continuous casting apparatus including a dispensing assembly for introducing granular mold flux onto the top of a slab being cast within a continuous casting mold, a delivery apparatus for feeding granular mold flux from an intermediate hopper to the top of a slab being cast, wherein the delivery apparatus has at least one delivery tube assembly interconnected with the intermediate hopper, with a mechanism for controlling the flow rate of the mold flux through the delivery tube assembly.
- US 2010/017321 discloses material delivery systems and methods. The material delivery system includes a delivery vessel and at least one dispense mechanism outlet.
- the method includes dispensing material from a delivery vessel, wherein a metering device provides a metric indicative of the dispensed material with respect to at least a unit, and delivering the metered material to at least one unit via at least one dispense mechanism outlet of the delivery vessel coupled to the at least one unit.
- FIG. 1 illustrates various embodiments of a system 10 for measuring mold flux consumption in a continuous casting operation; common parts will be represented by the same reference numeral.
- the continuous casting operation is for the continuous casting of any shape, from molten metal 15, which in the illustrated embodiment is molten steel.
- Mold flux 11 in granular or powder form is fed onto the top of the shapes mold 13.
- the shapes mold can be, by way of example, a slab mold.
- the mold flux 11 becomes a slag when sufficiently heated by the molten steel.
- the system of various embodiments is indicated generally by reference number 10.
- the system generally includes four major components: a transfer apparatus 12; an intermediate hopper 14, a feed control apparatus 16, and a delivery apparatus 18.
- the transfer apparatus 12 transfers powder mold flux from a bulk source 20 to the intermediate hopper 14.
- the bulk source of powder mold flux 20 may be, for example, a large bag or barrel.
- After the delivery apparatus 18 feeds powder mold flux 11 from the intermediate hopper to the top of the mold.
- the transfer apparatus includes a vacuum 22 having an inlet port 24 to which one end 26 of a flexible suction tube 28 is connected. The other end 30 of flexible suction tube 28 extends into the bulk source 20.
- Vacuum 22 has an outlet at the bottom for transferring mold flux to the intermediate hopper 14.
- the intermediate hopper 14 has a fitting on the bottom that extends into the top of the feed hopper 31.
- the delivery apparatus 18 includes a feed hopper 31 and feeds mold flux from a pair (could be up to six outlets) of outlet ports 32, 34 of the feed hopper 31 to the top of a mold. There is no contact between the intermediate hopper 14 and feed hopper 31 as this would give a false weight.
- the delivery apparatus 18 includes a pair (could be up to six delivery tubes) of delivery tubes 36, 40 each having one end connectable to an outlet port 32, 34, and the other end having anywhere from one to six feed heads 46 (two shown in the illustrated embodiment) disposed above a mold or series of molds.
- the mold flux is pneumatically fed from the feed hopper 31 with 1 inch venturi pumps 41 which are operatively connected to the outlet ports 32, 34.
- the number of ports or 1 inch venturi pumps could vary depending on the type of continuous casting machine or shapes cast. For example: If the continuous caster is a small 6-strand billet machine, there would be a total of six molds, each mold being the size of the cast product. This would require six 1 inch venturi pumps and feed lines.
- the control apparatus 16 includes at least one load cell 42 supporting the intermediate hopper 14 for weighing the intermediate hopper 14 and its contents of mold flux over a period of time for measuring the real time consumption of mold flux.
- the at least one load cell 42 preferably includes a plurality of load cells 42, each supporting a side of the intermediate hopper 14. There are three load cells 42 in this embodiment. Only two load cells 42, however, can be seen in Fig. 1 .
- the control apparatus further includes a programmable logic controller (PLC) 44 ( Fig. 2 ) receiving input from the load cells for controlling the operation of the vacuum 22.
- PLC programmable logic controller
- the PLC 44 causes the vacuum 22 to turn on, thus causing mold flux to feed into the intermediate hopper 14, based on a predetermined weight of the feed bin as compared to the consumption or loss of weight of mold flux calculated using the output of the at least one load cell 42.
- the use of PLC 44 allows the ability to record daily mold flux consumption files.
- any suitable processor having the appropriate software such as FACTORY TALK software may be used.
- it may be desirable to measure mold flux consumption volumetrically. The rate of which the mold flux is delivered onto the mold can be adjusted by the operator using an operator control screen 48 on the PLC 44 that can be used for adjusting the feed rate.
- the operator control screen 48 is a touch screen display that gives the operator a scale of 0 - 100. This scale represents the mA voltage sent from the PLC 44 to the current to pressure transducers that are located in the feed hopper.
- the rate of which the mold flux is delivered onto the mold can be adjusted by the operator by a handheld wireless controller 50 in communication with a receiver 52 on PLC 44.
- the wireless controller 50 can be used to control the feed rate instead of the operator control screen 48 on the PLC display.
Description
- This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. ยง119(e) of the earlier filing date of
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/540,616 filed on September 29, 2011 - This application discloses an invention which is related, generally and in various embodiments, to the metal casting field wherein mold flux consumption is monitored.
- It is customary to apply a mold flux, which may be a powder or granular material, onto the top of a shapes mold during the continuous casting of a molten metal, typically steel, as shown in
US Patent No. 6,474,398 . The mold flux turns into slag when sufficiently heated by the molten steel. Typically, the mold flux being fed is in the form of a granulated powder from a bulk source such as a bag. The mold flux is fed by way of a vacuum from the bulk source to an intermediate feeder hopper. In prior arrangements such as that shown inUS Patent No. 6,474,398 , a constant level is maintained within the intermediate hopper with a proximity sensor which measures the level of mold flux within the hopper. The operator adjusts the set point level on a feed controller to deliver a steady feed of mold flux from a feed box.US 6,474,398 discloses a continuous casting apparatus including a dispensing assembly for introducing granular mold flux onto the top of a slab being cast within a continuous casting mold, a delivery apparatus for feeding granular mold flux from an intermediate hopper to the top of a slab being cast, wherein the delivery apparatus has at least one delivery tube assembly interconnected with the intermediate hopper, with a mechanism for controlling the flow rate of the mold flux through the delivery tube assembly.US 2010/017321 discloses material delivery systems and methods. The material delivery system includes a delivery vessel and at least one dispense mechanism outlet. The method includes dispensing material from a delivery vessel, wherein a metering device provides a metric indicative of the dispensed material with respect to at least a unit, and delivering the metered material to at least one unit via at least one dispense mechanism outlet of the delivery vessel coupled to the at least one unit. - The present invention is defined in and by the appended claims. Various embodiments of the invention are described herein in by way of example in conjunction with the following figures, wherein like reference characters designate the same or similar elements.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a front view of various embodiments of a system for measuring mold flux consumption in a continuous casting operation. -
FIG. 2 illustrates a back perspective view of the system ofFig. 1 . - It is to be understood that at least some of the figures and descriptions of the invention have been simplified to illustrate elements that are relevant for a clear understanding of the invention, while eliminating, for purposes of clarity, other elements that those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate may also comprise a portion of the invention. However, because such elements are well known in the art, and because they do not facilitate a better understanding of the invention, a description of such elements is not provided herein.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates various embodiments of asystem 10 for measuring mold flux consumption in a continuous casting operation; common parts will be represented by the same reference numeral. As shown, the continuous casting operation is for the continuous casting of any shape, frommolten metal 15, which in the illustrated embodiment is molten steel. Mold flux 11 in granular or powder form is fed onto the top of theshapes mold 13. The shapes mold can be, by way of example, a slab mold. The mold flux 11 becomes a slag when sufficiently heated by the molten steel. - The system of various embodiments is indicated generally by
reference number 10. The system generally includes four major components: atransfer apparatus 12; anintermediate hopper 14, afeed control apparatus 16, and adelivery apparatus 18. Thetransfer apparatus 12 transfers powder mold flux from abulk source 20 to theintermediate hopper 14. The bulk source ofpowder mold flux 20 may be, for example, a large bag or barrel. After thedelivery apparatus 18 feeds powder mold flux 11 from the intermediate hopper to the top of the mold. - The transfer apparatus includes a
vacuum 22 having aninlet port 24 to which oneend 26 of aflexible suction tube 28 is connected. Theother end 30 offlexible suction tube 28 extends into thebulk source 20.Vacuum 22 has an outlet at the bottom for transferring mold flux to theintermediate hopper 14. On the bottom of thevacuum hopper 22, there is a valve such as aflapper 43 with a counter weight attached. While thevacuum 22 is energized this creates a seal between theflapper 43 and the bottom of thevacuum bin 22. When thevacuum 22 stops, the weight of the material that was picked up allows theflapper 43 to open and the material drops into theintermediate hopper 14. Theintermediate hopper 14 has a fitting on the bottom that extends into the top of thefeed hopper 31. Thedelivery apparatus 18 includes afeed hopper 31 and feeds mold flux from a pair (could be up to six outlets) ofoutlet ports feed hopper 31 to the top of a mold. There is no contact between theintermediate hopper 14 andfeed hopper 31 as this would give a false weight. - The
delivery apparatus 18 includes a pair (could be up to six delivery tubes) ofdelivery tubes outlet port feed hopper 31 with 1 inch venturi pumps 41 which are operatively connected to theoutlet ports - The
control apparatus 16 includes at least oneload cell 42 supporting theintermediate hopper 14 for weighing theintermediate hopper 14 and its contents of mold flux over a period of time for measuring the real time consumption of mold flux. The at least oneload cell 42 preferably includes a plurality ofload cells 42, each supporting a side of theintermediate hopper 14. There are threeload cells 42 in this embodiment. Only twoload cells 42, however, can be seen inFig. 1 . The control apparatus further includes a programmable logic controller (PLC) 44 (Fig. 2 ) receiving input from the load cells for controlling the operation of thevacuum 22. The PLC 44 causes thevacuum 22 to turn on, thus causing mold flux to feed into theintermediate hopper 14, based on a predetermined weight of the feed bin as compared to the consumption or loss of weight of mold flux calculated using the output of the at least oneload cell 42. The use of PLC 44 allows the ability to record daily mold flux consumption files. Alternative to a PLC 44, any suitable processor having the appropriate software such as FACTORY TALK software may be used. Also, alternative to measuring mold flux consumption by weight, it may be desirable to measure mold flux consumption volumetrically. The rate of which the mold flux is delivered onto the mold can be adjusted by the operator using anoperator control screen 48 on the PLC 44 that can be used for adjusting the feed rate. Theoperator control screen 48 is a touch screen display that gives the operator a scale of 0 - 100. This scale represents the mA voltage sent from the PLC 44 to the current to pressure transducers that are located in the feed hopper. Alternatively, the rate of which the mold flux is delivered onto the mold can be adjusted by the operator by a handheldwireless controller 50 in communication with areceiver 52 on PLC 44. Thewireless controller 50 can be used to control the feed rate instead of theoperator control screen 48 on the PLC display. - Nothing in the above description is meant to limit the invention to any specific materials, geometry, or orientation of elements. Many part/orientation substitutions are contemplated within the scope of the invention and will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments described herein were presented by way of example only and should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
- Although the invention has been described in terms of particular embodiments in this application, one of ordinary skill in the art, in light of the teachings herein, can generate additional embodiments and modifications without departing from, or exceeding the scope of, the claimed invention. Accordingly, it is understood that the drawings and the descriptions herein are proffered only to facilitate comprehension of the invention and should not be construed to limit the scope thereof.
Claims (11)
- An apparatus for monitoring mold flux consumption and delivering mold flux onto a continuous casting mold comprising:a transfer apparatus (12) for transferring mold flux from a bulk source (20) to an intermediate hopper (14);a feed control apparatus (16) for controlling the transfer of mold flux from the transfer apparatus (12) to the intermediate hopper (14), the feed control apparatus (16) including at least one load cell (42) for weighing the intermediate hopper (14) and the mold flux within the intermediate hopper (14) over a period of time, the feed control apparatus (16) further including a controller receiving input from at least one load cell (42) and for controlling the operation of the transfer apparatus (12) based on the input from the at least one load cell (42); anda delivery apparatus (18) for receiving mold flux from the intermediate hopper (14) and delivering the mold flux to a mold, the delivery apparatus (18) including a feed hopper (31) configured to receive mold flux from the intermediate hopper (14), at least one outlet, and a delivery tube connected to each outlet for pneumatically feeding the mold flux to the mold, wherein there is no contact between the intermediate hopper (14) and the feed hopper (31).
- The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transfer apparatus (12) includes a vacuum (22) for transferring mold flux from the bulk source (20) to the intermediate hopper (14), and wherein the feed control apparatus (16) controls the operation of the vacuum (22).
- The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the transfer apparatus (12) further comprises a valve which is operable between a first closed position which prevents mold flux from transferring to the intermediate hopper (14) when the vacuum (22) is on, and a second open position which allows mold flux to transfer to the intermediate hopper (14) when the vacuum (22) is off.
- The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the valve is a flapper valve (43) having a counter weight.
- The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is a programmable logic controller (44).
- The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the programmable logic controller (44) is operable to turn on the transfer apparatus (12) to transfer mold flux from the bulk source (20) and to turn off the transfer apparatus (12) to transfer mold flux from the transfer apparatus (12) to the intermediate hopper (14).
- The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the transfer apparatus (12) includes a vacuum (22) for transferring mold flux from the bulk source (20) to the intermediate hopper (14), and wherein the programmable logic controller (44) is operable to turn the vacuum (22) on and off.
- The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the programmable logic controller (44) includes an operator touch screen (48) adaptable for receiving input from an operator for controlling mold flux feed rate.
- The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the programmable logic controller (44) includes a receiver (52) and a wireless remote (50) in communication with the receiver adaptable for receiving input from an operator for controlling mold flux feed rate.
- The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each outlet includes a venturi pump.
- A method for monitoring mold flux consumption and delivering mold flux onto a continuous casting mold comprising:transferring mold flux from a bulk source (20) to an intermediate hopper (14) using a transfer apparatus (12);weighing the intermediate hopper (14) and the mold flux within the intermediate hopper (14) over a period of time;controlling the operation of the transfer apparatus (12) based on the weight of the intermediate hopper (14) and the mold flux within the intermediate hopper (14);transferring mold flux from the intermediate hopper (14) to a feed hopper (31), wherein there is no contact between the intermediate hopper (14) and the feed hopper (31); andpneumatically feeding the mold flux from the feed hopper (31) to a mold.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161540616P | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | |
PCT/US2012/058285 WO2013049807A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2012-10-01 | System and method for monitoring mold flux consumption |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2760608A1 EP2760608A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
EP2760608A4 EP2760608A4 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2760608B1 true EP2760608B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
Family
ID=47991518
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12834726.7A Active EP2760608B1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2012-10-01 | System and method for monitoring mold flux consumption |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20130081777A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2760608B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2733680T3 (en) |
TR (1) | TR201909665T4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013049807A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3907019A1 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-10 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Conveying of casting powder into a mould |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103341604B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-07-15 | ๆนๅ้ญ็ฎ็งๆๆ้ๅ ฌๅธ | Method, system and device for controlling automatic slag feeding of continuous-casting crystallizer |
GB201517130D0 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-11-11 | Imerys S A | A flux feeding apparatus and method |
CN105328149B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-10-03 | ่ๆนๆฐๅ ด้ธ็ฎกๆ้่ดฃไปปๅ ฌๅธ | Covering slag automatic feeding device |
KR101913318B1 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2018-10-30 | ์๋์ฐจ๋ถํ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ | Brake disk and manufacturing method of brake disk |
US10620062B2 (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2020-04-14 | Deborah D. L. Chung | Cement-based material systems and method for self-sensing and weighing |
WO2022013216A1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | Imertech Sas | Flux delivery for continuous casting |
CN114130971B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-08-04 | ๆนๅ็งๆๅคงๅญฆ | Slag thickness self-adaptive control method and device based on continuous casting machine slag adding mechanism |
Family Cites Families (13)
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EP0139060A1 (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-05-02 | Vibra Screw Incorporated | Material feeding apparatus |
FR2666035A1 (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-02-28 | Lorraine Laminage | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING A POWDERED OR GRANULATED MATERIAL IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING LINGOTIERE. |
US5598647A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1997-02-04 | Brooklyn Union Gas | Material transfer apparatus and method |
US5450984A (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-09-19 | K-Tron Technologies, Inc. | Material feeding apparatus |
JP2856077B2 (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1999-02-10 | ไฝๅ้ๅฑๅทฅๆฅญๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ | Method and apparatus for controlling powder layer thickness for continuous casting |
JPH115147A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-12 | Nkk Corp | Method and device for supplying powder in continuous casting |
US6474398B1 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2002-11-05 | Stollberg, Inc. | Apparatus for introducing granular mold flux onto the top of a slab being cast within a continuous casting mold |
US20020139507A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-03 | Stollberg Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling the flow of granular mold flux onto the top of a strand of steel being cast within a continuous casting mold |
WO2007018750A1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-15 | Vac-U-Max | Apparatus for dispensing granular material and method thereof |
CN100457325C (en) * | 2007-06-16 | 2009-02-04 | ๅง่น | Large-section crystallizer automatic slag adding machine |
AU2009270687B2 (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2015-07-23 | Intercat Equipment, Inc. | Material delivery system to one or more units and methods of such delivery |
US20100017321A1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-21 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc. | Adaptive Implied Spread Matching |
KR100951100B1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-04-07 | ์คํจ๋ฒ ๋ฅด๊ทธ ์ค๋ ์ผ์ผ ์ฃผ์ํ์ฌ | Method of manufacturing granular mold flux using liquid free carbon, and apparatus for manufacturing and supplying liquid free carbon |
-
2012
- 2012-10-01 EP EP12834726.7A patent/EP2760608B1/en active Active
- 2012-10-01 TR TR2019/09665T patent/TR201909665T4/en unknown
- 2012-10-01 WO PCT/US2012/058285 patent/WO2013049807A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-10-01 ES ES12834726T patent/ES2733680T3/en active Active
- 2012-10-01 US US13/632,486 patent/US20130081777A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2016
- 2016-01-08 US US14/991,509 patent/US20160243610A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3907019A1 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-10 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Conveying of casting powder into a mould |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013049807A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
TR201909665T4 (en) | 2019-07-22 |
US20130081777A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
ES2733680T3 (en) | 2019-12-02 |
EP2760608A4 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2760608A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
US20160243610A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
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