EP2747736A1 - Device and method for filling capsules - Google Patents

Device and method for filling capsules

Info

Publication number
EP2747736A1
EP2747736A1 EP12748495.4A EP12748495A EP2747736A1 EP 2747736 A1 EP2747736 A1 EP 2747736A1 EP 12748495 A EP12748495 A EP 12748495A EP 2747736 A1 EP2747736 A1 EP 2747736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feeding
blocking
products
product
end portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12748495.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2747736B1 (en
Inventor
Massimo RIBANI
Fabrizio Salvatore CONSOLI
Roberto Trebbi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
Original Assignee
IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA filed Critical IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
Publication of EP2747736A1 publication Critical patent/EP2747736A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2747736B1 publication Critical patent/EP2747736B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/07—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use
    • A61J3/071—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use into the form of telescopically engaged two-piece capsules
    • A61J3/074—Filling capsules; Related operations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filling device and a method for filling capsules with products, in particular solid forms for pharmaceutical, alimentary and/or cosmetic use.
  • the invention is particularly applicable in an automatic machine for packaging capsules for pharmaceutical, alimentary and/or cosmetic use.
  • European patent EP 0 852 846 Bl shows, for example, an automatic machine for packaging gelatine capsules of bottom- lid type, each including a tablet.
  • the automatic machine shown in EP 0 852 846 is intermittently movable and includes groups of housings moved to cooperate with a plurality of stations in succession: a first station that feeds the bottoms of the capsules to respective housings; a second station that feeds a tablet within a respective bottom, a third station that feeds the lids of the capsules above a respective tablet; a forth station that checks whether respective bottom, tablet and lid are present in the housings; a fifth station that closes bottom and lid with interposed tablet; a sixth station that expels the capsules containing the tablet and rejects, by means of a rejection device, the capsules found faulty.
  • the second station that feeds the tablet within the bottom of the capsule includes a vertical store within which the capsules are aligned.
  • a pneumatic system for retaining the capsules includes two suction holes arranged transversally to the store and cooperating with a transferring drawer, movable horizontally for retaining and transferring one tablet at the time from the store to the bottom of the capsule.
  • the suction holes are arranged with respect to the transferring drawer at a height such as a proper functioning of the station is assured, even when broken tablets are present.
  • the pneumatic system in cooperation with the transferring drawer guarantees not to break all of the capsules that follow a first broken tablet during transfer from the store to the bottom of the capsule.
  • it is checked, by means of sensors connected to movable rods, whether bottom, tablet and lid are present, and whether the tablet is entire or damaged.
  • the machine illustrated above achieves excellent results in terms of certainty of checking in case of one tablet per capsule, but it could be ineffective in case of capsules fed with more than one product (tablets, granules, ecc) of relatively small dimensions with respect to relatively large bottoms, because the movable rods might not detect all of the products contained in the bottom. Moreover, the machine results relatively costly and complicated because of the transferring drawer, the movable rods, and the pneumatic system that retains the tablets.
  • FIG. 1 - figures 1 - 7 are a schematic illustration of a filling device according to the invention during successive steps of a filling method according to the invention for filling capsules with products;
  • figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the filling device of the invention during a step of the filling method according to the invention in case of failure in feeding of products;
  • FIG. 9 - figures 9 - 11 are schematic illustrations of the filling device of the invention during successive steps of the filling method according to the invention in case of partial feeding of products;
  • FIGS. 12 - 13 are schematic illustrations of the filling device of the invention during successive steps of the filling method according to the invention for filling capsules with oblong products;
  • figure 14 - 15 are schematic illustrations of the filling device of the invention during successive steps of the filling method according to the invention for filling capsules with oblong products, one of which broken and incomplete.
  • a filling device 1 adapted to fill a bottom 3 of a capsule with one or more products 2.
  • FIGS 1 - 7 there is schematically shown the case in which two products 2 of substantially spherical shape are fed within each bottom 3.
  • the products 2 may be, for example, tablets, granules, pellets, different types of multiparticulate systems or other solid forms for pharmaceutical, food, and/or cosmetic use.
  • the filling device 1 may advantageously be part of an automatic packaging machine of known type, not illustrated, intermittently movable, including groups of housings 4 radially arranged on a moving carousel that moves the housings 4 to cooperate with a plurality of operative stations arranged in succession, among which: a first feeding station for feeding the bottoms 3 to the housings 4; a second filling station including the filling device 1 for feeding the products 2 to the bottoms 3, in particular one or more products 2 per bottom 3; a third feeding station for feeding lids to the housings 4; a forth closing station for closing the bottom 3 with a respective lid to form a capsule filled with one or more products 2; finally, and a fifth expelling station for expelling the filled capsules from the housings 4.
  • the automatic packaging machine further includes rejection devices, for rejecting faulty capsules, associated with any one of the stations downstream of the second filling station.
  • the filling device 1 includes a feeding conduit 5, adapted to slidingly contain a row 6 of products 2, and a blocking and feeding system 7, for blocking the row 6 of products 2 and feeding a group 8 of products 2, including a predefined number of products 2, to a bottom 3 of the capsule arranged below.
  • the group 8 of products 2 may comprise one or more products, for example two, three or more products 2.
  • the feeding conduit 5 defines a feeding direction 9 for the products 2 and includes a bottom end portion 15 that slidingly houses, below the row 6 of products 2, the group 8 of aligned products 2.
  • the blocking and feeding system 7 is of the escapement type and includes a first blocking and feeding element 10 and a second blocking and feeding element 11.
  • the first blocking and feeding element 10 is positioned below the second blocking and feeding element 11.
  • the first blocking and feeding element 10 is movable, advantageously onto a horizontal plane, between an operative position, wherein it closes the feeding conduit 5, and an inoperative position, far away from the feeding conduit 5, wherein the feeding conduit 5 at the bottom end portion 15 results inferiorly open.
  • the first blocking and feeding element 10 includes a first lamina 12, advantageously flat, arranged below the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5.
  • the first blocking and feeding element 10 in particular the first lamina 12, is adapted to support and blocking a first product 18 of the group 8 of products 2 and, therefore, all of the products 2 positioned within the feeding conduit 5 above the first product 18.
  • the second blocking and feeding element 11 is movable between an operative position, close to the feeding conduit 5, and an inoperative position, far away from the feeding conduit 5.
  • the second blocking and feeding element 11 includes a second lamina 13, "L" shaped, adapted to rotate about a fulcrum 14 between the operative position and the inoperative position.
  • the second lamina 13 in operative position cooperates with a longitudinal slot 17 achieved in the feeding conduit 5 to block a further product 19 of the row 6 of products 2.
  • the row 6 of products 2 results blocked, i.e. the products 2 positioned above the further product 19 result blocked.
  • the second lamina 13 do not act onto the products 2 of the group 8 to be fed that are positioned below the row 6.
  • the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, is further movable along the feeding direction 9 in order to be suitably positioned along the feeding conduit 5, in such a way that a distance between the first lamina 12 and the second lamina 13 be adjustable. Such distance defines the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 that houses the products 2 of the group 8.
  • the distance between the first lamina 12 and the second lamina 13 can be varied and, consequently, the predefined number of products 2 of the group 8 to be fed to the below bottom 3 can be varied.
  • the products 2 of the group 8 are housed within the bottom end portion 15, aligned from the first product 18, lowermost positioned, to a last product 20, uppermost positioned at an upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5, immediately below and in contact with the further product 19.
  • the predefined number of products be one, the first product 18 and the last product 20 coincide.
  • the filling device 1 further includes a detecting device 16, advantageously a photo detecting device including a photocell 22 of the barrier type, positioned transversally to the feeding conduit 5 at the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 intended to house the last product 20 of the group 8.
  • a detecting device 16 advantageously a photo detecting device including a photocell 22 of the barrier type, positioned transversally to the feeding conduit 5 at the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 intended to house the last product 20 of the group 8.
  • the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is therefore adapted to detect whether or not the last product 20 of the group 8 is present within the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5, or, in other words, whether or not the group 8 consists of the predefined number of products 2.
  • the products 2 are slidingly housed within the feeding conduit 5 and, if not retained, are destined to fall by gravity, by verifying whether or not a single product (the last product 20 of the group 8) is present in the upper zone 21 , it can be immediately derived whether or not the group 8 of products 2 to be fed to the below bottom 3 of the capsule is complete.
  • the filling device 1 detects in an extremely simple, fast and inexpensive, but at the same time extremely reliable, way, not only cases of non- filling, but also partial and incomplete filling (see figures 9 - 11), with no need to weight all of the capsules 2 downstream of the forth closing station (100% check weight).
  • the detecting device 16 emits a suitable rejection signal to rejection devices for rejecting the below bottom 3 only, or the entire capsule formed by the below bottom 3.
  • rejection devices may advantageously be coupled to, or integral with, the same filling device 1, or successive operative stations.
  • the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is advantageously coupled to the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular to the second lamina 13, and is movable therewith along the feeding direction 9 in order to be suitably positioned along the feeding conduit 5, so as to detect the presence of the last product 20 for any predefined number of products 2 of the group 8.
  • the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is adapted to be positioned immediately below the second lamina 13 for a whatsoever distance between the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element 11, or, in an equivalent manner, for a whatsoever predefined number of products 2 of the group 8.
  • the detecting devices 16 may include ultrasound, proximity, or contact sensors adapted to detect the presence of one product 2 in the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 only, or, in other words, the presence of the last product 20 of the group 8 only.
  • pneumatic systems may be foresee to promote the fall of the products 2 along the feeding conduit 5 towards the bottom 3 of the capsule.
  • More filling devices 1 of the type illustrated may be arranged side by side and mutually integrated in an automatic packaging machine for filling more capsules simultaneously.
  • the blocking and feeding system 7 described before achieves an escapement system.
  • the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element 11 cooperates in proper phase for blocking and releasing the row 6 of products 2 and defining, blocking and releasing the group 8 of products 2 to be fed to the bottom 3.
  • the filling device 1 carries out a filling method including the following steps:
  • first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position and the second blocking and feeding element 11 in inoperative position, for feeding the products 2 downwards within the feeding conduit 5.
  • the products will results aligned one over the other within the feeding conduit 5, with a first product 18 resting on the first blocking and feeding element 10;
  • a second step (see fig. 2), with the first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position, for moving the second blocking and feeding element 11 in operative position to block a further product 19 and to form a row 6 of products 2.
  • a group 8 of products 2, below the row 6, to be fed to a below bottom 3 of a capsule housed in a housing 4, is defined.
  • Such group 8 consists of a predefined number of products 2 (one, two, or more products 2) housed and aligned in a bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 defined by a distance between the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element
  • a third step (see figs. 3 and 4), with the second blocking and feeding element in operative position to block the further product 19 and thus the row 6 of products 2, for moving the first blocking and feeding element 10 in inoperative position to inferiorly open the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 and allow the group 6 of products 2 to fall within the below bottom 3;
  • a fifth step (see fig. 7), with the first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position, for moving the second blocking and feeding element 11 in inoperative position to unblock the further product 19 and let the products 2 of the row 6 fall towards the first blocking and feeding element 10 to form a successive group 8 of products 2 to be fed to an empty bottom 3 of a successive housing 4 according to the steps previously illustrated.
  • the method further includes, during the second step, a detecting step to detect, by means of a detecting device 16, advantageously a photo detecting device including a photocell 22, whether the group 6 is complete.
  • a detecting step to detect, by means of a detecting device 16, advantageously a photo detecting device including a photocell 22, whether the group 6 is complete.
  • the method provides for a detecting step to detect, by means of the detecting means 16, arranged laterally to the feeding conduit 5, at an upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 intended to house a last product 20 of the group 8, whether or not such last product 20 is present in such upper zone 21.
  • the method provides for detecting whether or not just one single product 2 is present in the upper zone 21 only, with no need to detect other products in other zones of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5.
  • the group 8 may comprise one or more products 2, for example two, three, or more products.
  • the detecting device 16 detects whether the entire group 8 is fed to the bottom 3 of the capsule.
  • the detecting device 16 detects whether or not the group 8 is complete.
  • the method further provides for, in case the detecting device 16 detects that the group 8 is absent or incomplete, sending a rejection signal to rejection devices to reject the below bottom 3 only, or the entire capsule formed by the below bottom 3, as it contains a group 8 at least incomplete, even not completely absent, and therefore faulty.
  • the rejection devices may be arranged downstream of the filling device 1, for example integrated in any one of the successive operative stations.
  • the device and method according to the invention it is therefore possible to identify and reject, as soon as possible in the automatic packaging machine, the capsules that have not been filled, or that have been incompletely filled, without the need to weight all of the capsules exiting the automatic packaging machine, thus the properly filled capsules as well.
  • the invention has been illustrated in case the capsules are filled with two products, i.e. in case the group 8 consists of two products, it is possible to carry out the invention even in case the capsule must be filled with a predefined number of products 2 different from two, i.e. in case the group 8 consists of one, three, four, five, or more products 2.
  • the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, should be moved and positioned lower than illustrated in case of group 8 consisting of two products 2, at a distance from the first blocking and feeding element 10, in particular the first lamina 12, such as to define a bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 adapted to house one product 2 only.
  • the capsule should be filled with three or more products 2, i.e. in case the group 8 consists of more than two products 2, the blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, should be moved and positioned upper than illustrated in case of group 8 consisting of two products 2, at a distance from the first blocking and feeding element, in particular from the first lamina 12, such as to define a bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 adapted to house respective three or more products 2.
  • the detecting device 16 in particular the photocell 22, is moved downwards, or upwards, respectively, along with the second blocking and feeding element 11 along the feeding direction 9 to check only the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 and to detect whether or not the last product 20 of the group 8 is present.
  • FIGS 12 - 15 there is illustrated the filling device 1 of the invention for feeding capsules with products 2 with oblong shape in groups 8 of one single product 2.
  • the first product 18 and the last product 20 of the group 8 coincide.
  • the further product 19 is blocked by the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, in a position such as to be detected by the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, during the third step of the method of the invention, i.e. when the first blocking and feeding element 10 is in inoperative position to inferiorly open the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 and the second blocking and feeding element 11 is in operative position to block the further product 19.
  • the detecting device 16 once a presence of a product 2 (necessarily the further product 19) has been detected during the third step, sends a rejection signal to reject the bottom 3 (or the entire capsule) that has been just filled, as such capsule contains a broken product 2 and thus is faulty.
  • the further product 19 would be blocked in such a position that the detecting device 16 would not detect the presence of any products (see for example figure 13) and consequently would not emit any rejection signal.
  • the detecting device 16 would detect, during the second step, at the upper zone 21, the presence of a product 2, that would be the further product 19 that projects inferiorly, and not the last product 20 of the group 8. Therefore, the capsule that has been just filled will be rejected, without errors, because during the third phase the detecting device 16 would detect the presence of such further product 19.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)

Abstract

A filling device (1) for filling bottoms (3) of capsules with a group (8) of products (2) includes a feeding conduit (5) slidingly including a row (6) of products (2); a blocking and feeding system (7) for blocking the row (6) of products (2) and feeding each bottom (3) with the group (8) of products (2), the blocking and feeding system (7) including a first (10) and a second (11) blocking and feeding element arranged at a mutual distance that defines a bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5) intended to house the group (8); a detecting device (16) adapted to detect, at an upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15), whether a product (2) is present and to send a rejection signal to a rejection device to reject faulty capsules.

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FILLING CAPSULES
Field of the invention
The present invention relates to a filling device and a method for filling capsules with products, in particular solid forms for pharmaceutical, alimentary and/or cosmetic use.
The invention is particularly applicable in an automatic machine for packaging capsules for pharmaceutical, alimentary and/or cosmetic use.
Background of the invention
Machines for packaging tablets within hard gelatin capsules are known. European patent EP 0 852 846 Bl shows, for example, an automatic machine for packaging gelatine capsules of bottom- lid type, each including a tablet. The automatic machine shown in EP 0 852 846 is intermittently movable and includes groups of housings moved to cooperate with a plurality of stations in succession: a first station that feeds the bottoms of the capsules to respective housings; a second station that feeds a tablet within a respective bottom, a third station that feeds the lids of the capsules above a respective tablet; a forth station that checks whether respective bottom, tablet and lid are present in the housings; a fifth station that closes bottom and lid with interposed tablet; a sixth station that expels the capsules containing the tablet and rejects, by means of a rejection device, the capsules found faulty.
The second station that feeds the tablet within the bottom of the capsule includes a vertical store within which the capsules are aligned. A pneumatic system for retaining the capsules includes two suction holes arranged transversally to the store and cooperating with a transferring drawer, movable horizontally for retaining and transferring one tablet at the time from the store to the bottom of the capsule. The suction holes are arranged with respect to the transferring drawer at a height such as a proper functioning of the station is assured, even when broken tablets are present. In other words, the pneumatic system in cooperation with the transferring drawer guarantees not to break all of the capsules that follow a first broken tablet during transfer from the store to the bottom of the capsule. In any case, in the forth station, it is checked, by means of sensors connected to movable rods, whether bottom, tablet and lid are present, and whether the tablet is entire or damaged.
The machine illustrated above achieves excellent results in terms of certainty of checking in case of one tablet per capsule, but it could be ineffective in case of capsules fed with more than one product (tablets, granules, ecc) of relatively small dimensions with respect to relatively large bottoms, because the movable rods might not detect all of the products contained in the bottom. Moreover, the machine results relatively costly and complicated because of the transferring drawer, the movable rods, and the pneumatic system that retains the tablets. To overcome the above mentioned disadvantages, it is known to omit the movable rods and associated sensors and to weight all of the capsules packaged in the automatic machine in order to check whether or not the capsules have been properly filled, but such solution involves additional costs for a weight checking station and, above all, a reduction in productivity of the machine, as the weighting operations are relatively slow.
It is an aim of the present invention to fill capsules with products with high productivity, in a relatively simple and inexpensive way, and with guarantee of detecting capsules not properly filled.
Summary of the invention
This and other aims are achieved by a filling device according to claim 1 and by a filling method according to claim 8.
Detailed description of embodiments
The invention will be described with reference to the figures, given by way of non- limiting examples and for illustrative purpose only, wherein:
- figures 1 - 7 are a schematic illustration of a filling device according to the invention during successive steps of a filling method according to the invention for filling capsules with products;
figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the filling device of the invention during a step of the filling method according to the invention in case of failure in feeding of products;
- figures 9 - 11 are schematic illustrations of the filling device of the invention during successive steps of the filling method according to the invention in case of partial feeding of products;
figures 12 - 13 are schematic illustrations of the filling device of the invention during successive steps of the filling method according to the invention for filling capsules with oblong products;
figure 14 - 15 are schematic illustrations of the filling device of the invention during successive steps of the filling method according to the invention for filling capsules with oblong products, one of which broken and incomplete.
With particular reference to figures 1 to 7, there is shown a filling device 1 adapted to fill a bottom 3 of a capsule with one or more products 2. In figures 1 - 7 there is schematically shown the case in which two products 2 of substantially spherical shape are fed within each bottom 3. The products 2 may be, for example, tablets, granules, pellets, different types of multiparticulate systems or other solid forms for pharmaceutical, food, and/or cosmetic use. The filling device 1 may advantageously be part of an automatic packaging machine of known type, not illustrated, intermittently movable, including groups of housings 4 radially arranged on a moving carousel that moves the housings 4 to cooperate with a plurality of operative stations arranged in succession, among which: a first feeding station for feeding the bottoms 3 to the housings 4; a second filling station including the filling device 1 for feeding the products 2 to the bottoms 3, in particular one or more products 2 per bottom 3; a third feeding station for feeding lids to the housings 4; a forth closing station for closing the bottom 3 with a respective lid to form a capsule filled with one or more products 2; finally, and a fifth expelling station for expelling the filled capsules from the housings 4. The automatic packaging machine further includes rejection devices, for rejecting faulty capsules, associated with any one of the stations downstream of the second filling station.
The filling device 1 includes a feeding conduit 5, adapted to slidingly contain a row 6 of products 2, and a blocking and feeding system 7, for blocking the row 6 of products 2 and feeding a group 8 of products 2, including a predefined number of products 2, to a bottom 3 of the capsule arranged below. The group 8 of products 2 may comprise one or more products, for example two, three or more products 2.
The feeding conduit 5 defines a feeding direction 9 for the products 2 and includes a bottom end portion 15 that slidingly houses, below the row 6 of products 2, the group 8 of aligned products 2.
The blocking and feeding system 7 is of the escapement type and includes a first blocking and feeding element 10 and a second blocking and feeding element 11.
The first blocking and feeding element 10 is positioned below the second blocking and feeding element 11.
The first blocking and feeding element 10 is movable, advantageously onto a horizontal plane, between an operative position, wherein it closes the feeding conduit 5, and an inoperative position, far away from the feeding conduit 5, wherein the feeding conduit 5 at the bottom end portion 15 results inferiorly open.
In the embodiment shown in figures 1-7, the first blocking and feeding element 10 includes a first lamina 12, advantageously flat, arranged below the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5. In operative position, the first blocking and feeding element 10, in particular the first lamina 12, is adapted to support and blocking a first product 18 of the group 8 of products 2 and, therefore, all of the products 2 positioned within the feeding conduit 5 above the first product 18. The second blocking and feeding element 11 is movable between an operative position, close to the feeding conduit 5, and an inoperative position, far away from the feeding conduit 5. Advantageously, in the embodiment illustrated in figures 1-7, the second blocking and feeding element 11 includes a second lamina 13, "L" shaped, adapted to rotate about a fulcrum 14 between the operative position and the inoperative position. In particular, the second lamina 13 in operative position cooperates with a longitudinal slot 17 achieved in the feeding conduit 5 to block a further product 19 of the row 6 of products 2. Once the further product 19 has been blocked, the row 6 of products 2 results blocked, i.e. the products 2 positioned above the further product 19 result blocked. In other words, the second lamina 13 do not act onto the products 2 of the group 8 to be fed that are positioned below the row 6.
The second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, is further movable along the feeding direction 9 in order to be suitably positioned along the feeding conduit 5, in such a way that a distance between the first lamina 12 and the second lamina 13 be adjustable. Such distance defines the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 that houses the products 2 of the group 8. In other words, by suitably positioning the second blocking and feeding element 1 1 along the feeding conduit 5, the distance between the first lamina 12 and the second lamina 13 can be varied and, consequently, the predefined number of products 2 of the group 8 to be fed to the below bottom 3 can be varied.
The products 2 of the group 8 are housed within the bottom end portion 15, aligned from the first product 18, lowermost positioned, to a last product 20, uppermost positioned at an upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5, immediately below and in contact with the further product 19. In case the predefined number of products be one, the first product 18 and the last product 20 coincide.
The filling device 1 further includes a detecting device 16, advantageously a photo detecting device including a photocell 22 of the barrier type, positioned transversally to the feeding conduit 5 at the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 intended to house the last product 20 of the group 8.
The detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is therefore adapted to detect whether or not the last product 20 of the group 8 is present within the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5, or, in other words, whether or not the group 8 consists of the predefined number of products 2. As the products 2 are slidingly housed within the feeding conduit 5 and, if not retained, are destined to fall by gravity, by verifying whether or not a single product (the last product 20 of the group 8) is present in the upper zone 21 , it can be immediately derived whether or not the group 8 of products 2 to be fed to the below bottom 3 of the capsule is complete. Therefore, the filling device 1 according to the invention detects in an extremely simple, fast and inexpensive, but at the same time extremely reliable, way, not only cases of non- filling, but also partial and incomplete filling (see figures 9 - 11), with no need to weight all of the capsules 2 downstream of the forth closing station (100% check weight).
The case of non-filling is schematically illustrated in figure 8, where products 2 of lenticular shape are shown, one of which is stuck in the feeding conduit 5 and blocks the entire row of products 2. Cases of non-filling can happen because of other reasons as well, for example because of interruption of the production.
In case the last product 20 be not present in the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15, the detecting device 16 emits a suitable rejection signal to rejection devices for rejecting the below bottom 3 only, or the entire capsule formed by the below bottom 3. Such rejection devices may advantageously be coupled to, or integral with, the same filling device 1, or successive operative stations.
The detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is advantageously coupled to the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular to the second lamina 13, and is movable therewith along the feeding direction 9 in order to be suitably positioned along the feeding conduit 5, so as to detect the presence of the last product 20 for any predefined number of products 2 of the group 8. In other words, the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is adapted to be positioned immediately below the second lamina 13 for a whatsoever distance between the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element 11, or, in an equivalent manner, for a whatsoever predefined number of products 2 of the group 8.
Alternatively to photo detecting devices with photocells 22, the detecting devices 16 may include ultrasound, proximity, or contact sensors adapted to detect the presence of one product 2 in the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 only, or, in other words, the presence of the last product 20 of the group 8 only.
In embodiments not illustrated, pneumatic systems may be foresee to promote the fall of the products 2 along the feeding conduit 5 towards the bottom 3 of the capsule.
More filling devices 1 of the type illustrated may be arranged side by side and mutually integrated in an automatic packaging machine for filling more capsules simultaneously.
The blocking and feeding system 7 described before achieves an escapement system. In other words, the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element 11 cooperates in proper phase for blocking and releasing the row 6 of products 2 and defining, blocking and releasing the group 8 of products 2 to be fed to the bottom 3. In detail, the filling device 1 carries out a filling method including the following steps:
- a first step (see fig. 1), with the first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position and the second blocking and feeding element 11 in inoperative position, for feeding the products 2 downwards within the feeding conduit 5. The products will results aligned one over the other within the feeding conduit 5, with a first product 18 resting on the first blocking and feeding element 10;
- a second step (see fig. 2), with the first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position, for moving the second blocking and feeding element 11 in operative position to block a further product 19 and to form a row 6 of products 2. In such second step, therefore, a group 8 of products 2, below the row 6, to be fed to a below bottom 3 of a capsule housed in a housing 4, is defined. Such group 8 consists of a predefined number of products 2 (one, two, or more products 2) housed and aligned in a bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 defined by a distance between the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element
11;
- a third step (see figs. 3 and 4), with the second blocking and feeding element in operative position to block the further product 19 and thus the row 6 of products 2, for moving the first blocking and feeding element 10 in inoperative position to inferiorly open the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 and allow the group 6 of products 2 to fall within the below bottom 3;
- a forth step (see figs. 5 and 6), once the bottom 3 has been filled with the predefined number of products 2 of the group 8, for carrying the first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position to close the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5, transferring the housing 4 containing the bottom 3 that has been filled to a successive station, and positioning a successive housing 4 with an empty bottom 3 below the feeding conduit 5;
- a fifth step (see fig. 7), with the first blocking and feeding element 10 in operative position, for moving the second blocking and feeding element 11 in inoperative position to unblock the further product 19 and let the products 2 of the row 6 fall towards the first blocking and feeding element 10 to form a successive group 8 of products 2 to be fed to an empty bottom 3 of a successive housing 4 according to the steps previously illustrated.
The method further includes, during the second step, a detecting step to detect, by means of a detecting device 16, advantageously a photo detecting device including a photocell 22, whether the group 6 is complete.
In detail, the method provides for a detecting step to detect, by means of the detecting means 16, arranged laterally to the feeding conduit 5, at an upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 intended to house a last product 20 of the group 8, whether or not such last product 20 is present in such upper zone 21. Advantageously, the method provides for detecting whether or not just one single product 2 is present in the upper zone 21 only, with no need to detect other products in other zones of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5.
The group 8 may comprise one or more products 2, for example two, three, or more products.
If the group 8 consists of one product 2 only, the first product 18 and the last product 20 coincide and the detecting device 16 detects whether the entire group 8 is fed to the bottom 3 of the capsule.
If the group 8 consists of two or more products 2, i.e. the first product 18 is distinct from the last product 20, the detecting device 16 detects whether or not the group 8 is complete.
The method further provides for, in case the detecting device 16 detects that the group 8 is absent or incomplete, sending a rejection signal to rejection devices to reject the below bottom 3 only, or the entire capsule formed by the below bottom 3, as it contains a group 8 at least incomplete, even not completely absent, and therefore faulty. Advantageously, the rejection devices may be arranged downstream of the filling device 1, for example integrated in any one of the successive operative stations.
It has to be noted that, by means of the filling device 1, there can be checked the correct filling of the bottoms 3 at a very early stage, i.e. during, and not after, the same filling, so allowing for a simpler, more reliable and flexible checking than checking available in the prior art methods.
Thanks to the device and method according to the invention, it is therefore possible to identify and reject, as soon as possible in the automatic packaging machine, the capsules that have not been filled, or that have been incompletely filled, without the need to weight all of the capsules exiting the automatic packaging machine, thus the properly filled capsules as well.
Notwithstanding that the invention has been illustrated in case the capsules are filled with two products, i.e. in case the group 8 consists of two products, it is possible to carry out the invention even in case the capsule must be filled with a predefined number of products 2 different from two, i.e. in case the group 8 consists of one, three, four, five, or more products 2.
In case the group 8 consists of one product 2 only, the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, should be moved and positioned lower than illustrated in case of group 8 consisting of two products 2, at a distance from the first blocking and feeding element 10, in particular the first lamina 12, such as to define a bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 adapted to house one product 2 only.
On the contrary, in case the capsule should be filled with three or more products 2, i.e. in case the group 8 consists of more than two products 2, the blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, should be moved and positioned upper than illustrated in case of group 8 consisting of two products 2, at a distance from the first blocking and feeding element, in particular from the first lamina 12, such as to define a bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 adapted to house respective three or more products 2.
Whether the second blocking and feeding element 1 1, in particular the second lamina 13, be lowered or raised to diminish, or to increase, respectively, the distance from the first blocking and feeding element 10, in particular the first lamina 12, to diminish, or to increase, respectively, the predefined number of products 2 constituting the group 8 with respect to the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, is moved downwards, or upwards, respectively, along with the second blocking and feeding element 11 along the feeding direction 9 to check only the upper zone 21 of the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 and to detect whether or not the last product 20 of the group 8 is present.
In figures 12 - 15 there is illustrated the filling device 1 of the invention for feeding capsules with products 2 with oblong shape in groups 8 of one single product 2. In other words, in the embodiments of figures 12 - 15, the first product 18 and the last product 20 of the group 8 coincide.
It is certainly possible to feed groups 8 of two or more products 2 with oblong shape to bottoms 3 with suitable dimensions, by suitably adjusting the distance between the first blocking and feeding element 10 and the second blocking and feeding element 11 according to what has been described before with reference to figures 1 - 11.
Advantageously, in case of products 2 with oblong shape, it is possible, by means of the filling device 1 of the invention, to detect capsules filled with broken or incomplete products 2.
Indeed, as can be seen in figures 14 and 15, in case of groups 8 containing broken or incomplete products 2, the further product 19 is blocked by the second blocking and feeding element 11, in particular the second lamina 13, in a position such as to be detected by the detecting device 16, in particular the photocell 22, during the third step of the method of the invention, i.e. when the first blocking and feeding element 10 is in inoperative position to inferiorly open the bottom end portion 15 of the feeding conduit 5 and the second blocking and feeding element 11 is in operative position to block the further product 19. The detecting device 16, once a presence of a product 2 (necessarily the further product 19) has been detected during the third step, sends a rejection signal to reject the bottom 3 (or the entire capsule) that has been just filled, as such capsule contains a broken product 2 and thus is faulty.
On the contrary, if, in the third step of the method, the products 2 of the group 8 were all entire, the further product 19 would be blocked in such a position that the detecting device 16 would not detect the presence of any products (see for example figure 13) and consequently would not emit any rejection signal.
It has to be noted that, in case of products 2 with oblong shape and one of such products 2 of the group 8 is broken, the detecting device 16 would detect, during the second step, at the upper zone 21, the presence of a product 2, that would be the further product 19 that projects inferiorly, and not the last product 20 of the group 8. Therefore, the capsule that has been just filled will be rejected, without errors, because during the third phase the detecting device 16 would detect the presence of such further product 19.

Claims

1. Filling device for filling capsules of bottom (3) - lid type with products (2), advantageously solid forms for pharmaceutical, food, or cosmetic use, including:
- a feeding conduit (5) that defines a feeding direction (9) and is adapted to slidingly housing a row (6) of products (2), said feeding conduit (5) including a bottom end portion (15) adapted to slidingly house, below the row (6) of products (2), a group (8) including one or more products (2) aligned;
- a blocking and feeding system (7) for blocking the row (6) of products (2) and feeding each bottom (3) below with one group (8) of products (2); said blocking and feeding system (7) including a first blocking and feeding element (10) and a second blocking and feeding element (11); said first blocking and feeding element (10) being movable between an operative position, wherein it closes the feeding conduit (5) and is adapted to support and block a first product (18) of the group (8), and an inoperative position, wherein the feeding conduit (5) at the bottom end portion (15) is inferiorly open; said second blocking and feeding element (11) being movable between an operative position, wherein it is close to the feeding conduit (5) and is adapted to block a further product (19) of the row (6), and an inoperative position, far away from the feeding conduit (5); said second blocking and feeding element (11) being positioned along the feeding direction (9) at a distance from the first blocking and feeding element (10) that defines said bottom end portion (15);
- a detecting device (16) adapted to detect, at an upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), when the first blocking and feeding element (10) and the second blocking and feeding element (11) are in respective operative positions, whether or not a product (2) is present, and, in case such a product (2) is absent, to send a rejection signal to a rejection device to reject the bottom (3) below, or the capsule formed by the bottom (3) below.
2. Filling device according to claim 1, wherein said detecting device (16) is coupled to the second blocking and feeding element (11) and is movable therewith along the feeding direction (9) to be suitably positioned along the feeding conduit (5) at the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15), so as to detect whether a product (2) is present at said upper zone (21) for any predefined number of products (2) of the group (8).
3. Filling device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, for filling capsules with products (2) with oblong shape, wherein said detecting device (16) is adapted to detect, at the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), when the first blocking and feeding element (10) is in inoperative position and the second blocking and feeding element (11) is in operative position, whether or not a product (2) is present and, in case such a product (2) is present, to send a rejection signal to a rejection device to reject the bottom (3) below, or the capsule formed by the bottom (3) below.
4. Filling device according to claim 1, wherein said detecting device (16) is adapted to detect, at the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5) only, whether or not one single product (2) is present.
5. Filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said detecting device (16) includes a photodetecting device with a photocell (22) positioned transversely to the feeding conduit (5).
6. Filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said group (8) includes two or more products (2).
7. Automatic packaging machine for packaging capsules of bottom (3) - lid type, the automatic packaging machine being of intermittent type and including groups of housings (4) radially positioned on a moving carousel that moves the housings (4) to cooperate with a plurality of operative stations arranged in succession, among which:
- a first feeding station for feeding the bottoms (3) to the housings (4);
- a second filling station for filling the bottoms (3) with the products (2) in number of one or more products (2) per bottom (3);
- a third feeding station for feeding lids to the housings (4);
- a forth closing station for closing the bottom (3) with a respective lid to form a capsule filled with one or more products (2); and
- a fifth discharge station for discharging filled capsules from the housings (4);
the automatic packaging machine further including rejecting devices for rejecting faulty capsules and being characterized in that the second filling station includes a filling device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.
8. Filling method for filling bottoms (3) of capsules with a group (8) formed by a predefined number of products (2) by means of a filling device (1) including a feeding conduit (5) adapted to slidingly containing the products (2), a first blocking and feeding element (10) movable between an operative position and an inoperative position, and a second blocking and feeding element (11) movable between an operative position and an inoperative position, including the following step:
- a first step, with the first blocking and feeding element (10) in operative position to inferiorly close a bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5) and the second blocking and feeding element (11) in inoperative position, for feeding the products (2) downwardly within the feeding conduit (5), with a first product (18) resting on the first blocking and feeding element
(10);
- a second step, with the first blocking and feeding element (10) in operative position, for moving the second blocking and feeding element (11) in operative position to block a further product (19) to form a row (6) of products (2) and to define a group (8) of products (2) to be fed to a bottom (3) below housed in a housing (4), said group (8) being positioned below the row (6) and being formed by a predefined number of products (2) housed and aligned in the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), said bottom end portion (15) being defined by a distance between the first blocking and feeding element (10) and the second blocking and feeding element (11);
- a third step, with the second blocking and feeding element (11) in operative position to block the further product (19) and thus the row (6) of products (2), for moving the first blocking and feeding element (10) in inoperative position to inferiorly open the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5) and to allow the group (6) of products (2) to fall within the bottom (3) below;
- a forth step, once the bottom (3) has been filled with the predefined number of products (2) of the group (8), for moving the first blocking and feeding element in operative position to inferiorly close the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), transferring the housing (4) containing the bottom (3) filled to a subsequent station, and positioning a subsequent housing (4) with an empty bottom (3) below the feeding conduit (5);
- a fifth step, with the first blocking and feeding element (10) in operative position, for moving the second blocking and feeding element (11) in inoperative position to unblock the further product (19) and allow the products (2) of the row (6) to fall towards the first blocking and feeding element (10) to form a subsequent group (8) of products (2) to be fed to an empty bottom (3) of a subsequent housing (4);
the method further including, during the second step, a detecting step to detect, by means of a detecting device (16), at an upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5) adapted to house a last product (20) of the group (8), whether or not a product (2) is present and, in case such product (2) is not present in the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), to send a rejection signal to a rejection device to reject the bottom (3) below, or the capsule formed by the bottom (3) below.
9. Method according to claim 8, wherein said detecting step provides for detecting, at the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5) only, whether or not one single product (2) is present.
10. Method according to any one of claims 8 and 9, wherein said products (2) have oblong shape, the method further providing for, during the third step, a further detecting step to detect, by means of the detecting device (16), at the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), whether or not a product (2) is present and, in case such product (2) is present in the upper zone (21) of the bottom end portion (15) of the feeding conduit (5), to send a rejection signal to a rejection device to reject the bottom (3) below, or the capsule formed by the bottom (3) below.
EP20120748495 2011-08-24 2012-08-21 Device and method for filling capsules Active EP2747736B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000500A ITBO20110500A1 (en) 2011-08-24 2011-08-24 DEVICE AND METHOD TO FILL CAPSULES
PCT/EP2012/066262 WO2013026848A1 (en) 2011-08-24 2012-08-21 Device and method for filling capsules

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2747736A1 true EP2747736A1 (en) 2014-07-02
EP2747736B1 EP2747736B1 (en) 2015-04-22

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EP (1) EP2747736B1 (en)
IT (1) ITBO20110500A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013026848A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUB20152455A1 (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-24 Mg 2 Srl POWER SUPPLY UNIT FOR THE DOSAGE OF AT LEAST TWO PRODUCTS, IN PARTICULAR PHARMACEUTICALS IN GRANULES, IN CAPSULES OR SIMILAR

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774368A (en) * 1972-06-19 1973-11-27 H Paprzycki Tablet counting and filling apparatus
JP2740566B2 (en) * 1990-04-26 1998-04-15 日本エランコ株式会社 Capsule filling equipment
JP2544052B2 (en) * 1991-12-18 1996-10-16 日本エランコ株式会社 Equipment for filling tablets into hard gelatin capsules
FR2739232B1 (en) 1995-09-26 1997-10-24 Thomson Csf SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTER USING THE COUPLING OF THREE ACOUSTIC CHANNELS
US7536843B2 (en) * 2006-01-23 2009-05-26 Astrazeneca Ab Method and system for dosing a pharmaceutical sample in a packaging machine
JP4947271B2 (en) * 2006-05-16 2012-06-06 クオリカプス株式会社 Method for filling tablets into capsule body and device for filling tablets into capsules using the filling method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2013026848A1 *

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ITBO20110500A1 (en) 2013-02-25
WO2013026848A1 (en) 2013-02-28

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