EP2731726B1 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.

The EP 1 090 687 A1 discloses a separator with a drum and a surrounding hood whose housing wall according to Fig. 2 of this document has three spaced walls. Of the cavities formed between the walls, a first cavity accommodates a coolant and a second cavity a Schallisoliermittel. This structure is relatively expensive.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a centrifuge with a stationary multi-part enclosure with a hood and a solids catcher, wherein at least the enclosure ensures cooling and sound insulation and is also characterized by a simpler and more compact design.

The invention solves this problem by the features of claim 1.

Thereafter, a centrifuge according to the invention, in particular a separator, a rotatable centrifuge drum with a vertical axis of rotation and a stationary housing. The stationary housing - in particular a hood, a solids catcher and / or a frame - has at least a first cavity. This is filled with insulating material, which have a solid state of aggregation at an appropriate process and / or ambient temperature and allows insulation of vibration or sound insulation. In the cavity filled with solid insulation means, a fluid coolant, preferably a liquid, can be introduced.

The combination of coolant and gravel filling in a compact design both the stiffness, the mass and the damping and thus the vibration behavior of the overall system are favorably influenced.

By combining the measures "coolant" and "insulating material" in the same cavity a sound insulation is achieved in a compact design and at the same time a good distribution of the coolant within the cavity, in particular between the first inner wall and the first Outside wall of the enclosure (on the hood and / or the solids singer and / or the frame) reached.

The design is also compared to the prior art space-optimized and very compact.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The first outer wall and / or the first inner wall may have at least a first coolant supply line and a first coolant discharge line for introducing and discharging the fluid coolant into the first cavity filled with solid insulation means.

In order to avoid congestion of the coolant and to achieve a particularly good distribution of the coolant over the region of the inner wall of the hood, it is advantageous if gravel is used as a bulk material, for example, a bulk density of 1, 4 to 2 kg / dm ³ (depending on humidity). Material and bulk density should be such that the bulk material or the space with the bulk material can be well flowed or flowed through by liquid. It is therefore not suitable bulk material that sucks in the liquid and allows no flow or such a very difficult. In the experiment, it can be determined whether both the insulation and the liquid passage in a bulk material meet the requirements.

It is sufficient for a particularly advantageous compact design, if the housing, in particular the hood, is constructed only double-walled.

From the EP 1 090 687 A1 It is known inter alia that foam can be used as a bulk material for sound insulation in a hood. However, foam may swell upon contact with the coolant. It is therefore advantageous to use an inorganic solid for the bulk material.

In order to avoid clogging of the coolant discharge by particles, for example in the form of sand or glass beads, it is also advantageous if the Insulation material is designed as bulk material, which consists of rock or ceramic or glass or stainless steel or plastic elements, in particular balls. There are also a variety of material combinations of the above elements conceivable.

For the most uniform possible cooling, the radial distance between the first inner wall and the first outer wall can advantageously be made constant over a partial region of the centrifuge drum, preferably over at least one third of the axial length of the hood.

The centrifuge has at least one solids collecting space which is delimited by advantageously at least one second inner wall, a cavity filled with bulk material and a second outer wall, wherein the second cavity can be filled with a coolant. This enables additional cooling of the solids in the solids collecting space, which is an advantage, in particular in the case of temperature-sensitive solid products.

In order to ensure a complete filling of the first cavity, it is advantageous if the first coolant inlet is arranged lower on the outer wall than the first coolant outlet. It is particularly advantageous if the first coolant outlet is arranged at the upper end of the first cavity, so that a complete and full coolant filling is achieved.

In order to set a more or less intensive cooling, it is advantageous if the volume flow of coolant in the cavity is adjustable.

It is also conceivable to provide elements of the enclosure additionally with sound-insulating coatings, such as bitumen coatings, in order to further optimize the sound insulation.

The bulk material can, but does not have to consist of round elements such as balls. The elements of the bulk material can have any shape, as long as gaps arise for conveying the coolant. In particular, the elements need not be the same but may also have a different shape. It is also conceivable to combine different bulk materials in order to achieve a particularly good soundproofing.

The invention is suitable for centrifuges of all kinds, in particular separators and decanters.

Various variants of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Teilbereiches einer erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifuge.

They show:

FIG. 1:

a schematic sectional view of a portion of a centrifuge according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a centrifuge with a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation centrifuge drum 1, wherein the centrifuge is formed in the present embodiment as a plate separator.

The centrifuge drum 1 has an inlet 2 and two liquid drains 3 a and 3 b, as well as solids discharge openings 4. The rotatable centrifuge drum 1 is surrounded by a fixed housing with a hood 5, which is formed doppelkonisch. In this case, the housing has an elongated upper conical region 6, a cylindrical central segment 7 and a lower conical region 8, wherein the two latter regions form the solid separator here by way of example together.

The hood 5 terminates in the upper conical region with an annular frame 9. The hood 5 has a double-walled construction with a first inner wall 10 and a first outer wall 11. Between the first inner wall 10 and the first outer wall 11, a first cavity 12 is arranged, which is filled with insulating material, preferably a relatively coarse-grained bulk material 13, in particular with pebbles, and is bounded at the top by the annular frame 9. On the outer wall 11, a first coolant inlet 14 is arranged, which allows the supply of coolant in the filled with bulk material first cavity 12. The first coolant inlet 14 is disposed in the lower half of the stationary hood 5, before the transition of the upper conical portion 6 of the hood 5 in the cylindrical middle segment 7 and the solids catcher.

A first coolant outlet 15 is arranged above the first coolant inlet 14 on the outer wall 11 in the region of the upper half of the stationary hood 5, before the transition of the conical region 6 of the hood 5 in the annular region 9 and allows a discharge of the coolant from the Bulk filled first cavity 12th

This cavity may also be subdivided into areas which are filled differently, e.g. filled with different materials. It can also be cooled only part of the space and / or filled with the bulk material.

By way of example, the upper conical region 6 has an upper segment 16 and a lower segment 17. In the region of the upper segment 16, the first inner wall 10 and the first outer wall 11 are uniformly spaced apart in the radial direction, so that the wall thickness of the double-walled hood 5 is constant along the upper segment 16. In the region of the lower segment 17, the first inner wall 10 has a cylindrical shape, while the first outer wall 11 continues the conical course. This results in an expansion of the filled with bulk material first cavity 12 and an increase in the wall thickness of the double-walled hood 5 in the vertical course of the lower segment 17.

The solids separator 5 has one or more solids collecting chambers 18 in the region of the cylindrical middle segment 7. The solids discharged from the solids discharge openings 4 enter the solids collecting space 18 via one or more openings 19 in the solids collecting space 18. The solids collecting space 18 is delimited by a second inner wall 20 and a second outer wall 21, between which a second cavity 22 filled with bulk material is arranged.

The second cavity 22 may, in a first embodiment, have an autonomous coolant supply, wherein a second coolant inlet (not shown here) and a second coolant outlet for supplying a coolant are arranged in the second cavity 22 on the outer wall 21. As a result, the cooling of the centrifuged solids can be carried out independently of the cooling of the cylinder drum 2.

Alternatively, the second cavity 22 may also be connected to the first cavity 12, so that a uniform cooling of the entire centrifuge is achieved.

The bulk material used is preferably rock, in particular in the form of gravel. In this case, the bulk material preferably has a grain size of at least 2 mm, in particular at least 4 mm of minimum grain size. Grain groups are designated by the specification of two boundary sieves. Particularly preferably, the grain size is 2 - 4 or 2-8 or 4-8 or 2-16 mm or 8-16 mm (grain size: minimum mm - maximum mm grain size within the grain) for good results for sufficient flow for cooling and to achieve a good soundproofing.

In addition, in particular, the outer outer wall 11, 21 of the enclosure soundproof and / or cool-insulated. The inner wall can also be designed sound-insulating. This has the advantage that an additional sound insulation is ensured only a small exchange of ambient heat takes place with the coolant and the cooling effect of the coolant lasts longer. For this purpose, the outer wall, for example, have a heat-insulating foam layer.

The insulation material can be formed in a further embodiment of the invention, for example, as a flow-through strip-like sections or as projections of the first and / or second inner wall, which protrude into the cavity and possibly come into contact with the respective first and / or second outer wall. Conversely, the first and / or second outer wall can also have such flow-through strip-like sections or projections.

In a further embodiment variant, the coolant supply line 14 and / or the coolant discharge line 15 may alternatively also be arranged on the first and / or second inner wall 10 of the hood 5.

As a preferred fluid coolant, a liquid is preferably used. Particular preference is given to using water or a salt solution as fluid coolant, for example at operating temperatures between 5-70 ° C.

reference numeral

1

centrifuge drum

2

Intake

3a

liquid drain

3b

liquid drain

4

solids discharge

5

Hood

6

Upper conical area

7

Middle segment (solids catcher),

8th

lower conical area (solids catcher)

9

frame

10

first inner wall

11

first outer wall

12

first cavity

13

bulk

14

Coolant inlet

15

Coolant flow

16

upper segment

17

lower segment

18

Solids collection chamber

19

opening

20

second inner wall

21

second outer wall

22

second cavity

23

Handle

Claims (14)

1. A centrifuge, in particular separator, having a rotatable centrifuge drum (1) with vertical axis of rotation and having a non-rotatable, positionally fixed housing which has a hood and preferably a solids collector, characterized in that the housing, in particular the positionally fixed hood (5) and/or at least one other part of the housing, delimits at least one first cavity (12) which is at any rate partially filled with deadening media which are solid at a process and/or ambient temperature, and wherein a coolant which is fluid at the process and/or ambient temperature can be introduced into the first cavity (12) filled with solid deadening media.
2. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cavity has a first inner wall and an outer wall, and in that the first inner and/or outer wall have at least one first coolant inlet line (14) and one first coolant outlet line (15) for the introduction and discharge of the fluid coolant into and out of the first cavity (12) filled with solid deadening media.
3. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solid deadening material is in the form of bulk material (13).
4. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the bulk material (13) has a minimum grain size such that it can be traversed by a flow of liquid coolant.
5. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the bulk material (13) has a minimum grain size of 2 mm, in particular 4 mm.
6. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the bulk material (13) is composed of inorganic solid matter.
7. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the bulk material (13) is stone, in particular gravel or a gravel mixture.
8. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing, in particular the hood (5), is of double-walled form.
9. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial spacing between the first inner wall (10) and the first outer wall (11) is constant over a partial region of the housing, in particular of the hood (5).
10. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the centrifuge has at least one solids accumulating chamber (18) which is delimited by at least one second inner wall (20), a second cavity (22) filled with bulk material (13), and a second outer wall (21), wherein the second cavity (22) can be filled with a coolant.
11. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant inlet (14) is arranged lower on the first outer wall (11) than the coolant outlet (15).
12. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant outlet (15) is arranged at the upper end of the first cavity (12).
13. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume flow of coolant into the first and/or second cavity (12, 22) can be regulated.
14. The centrifuge as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and/or the second outer wall (11, 21) of the housing, in particular of the hood (5), is of thermally insulating design.

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