EP2728728B1 - High-frequency switch power supply and method for detecting high-frequency current - Google Patents

High-frequency switch power supply and method for detecting high-frequency current Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2728728B1
EP2728728B1 EP13739926.7A EP13739926A EP2728728B1 EP 2728728 B1 EP2728728 B1 EP 2728728B1 EP 13739926 A EP13739926 A EP 13739926A EP 2728728 B1 EP2728728 B1 EP 2728728B1
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Prior art keywords
diode
current
secondary winding
power
anode
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EP13739926.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2728728A4 (en
EP2728728A1 (en
Inventor
Xujun Liu
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G01R15/183—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high-frequency power conversion technologies, and in particular, to a high-frequency switch mode power supply and a method for detecting a high-frequency current.
  • a current output by a power input circuit needs to be detected.
  • a primary winding of a current transformer can be connected in series in a loop where a current flow, and the current output by the power input circuit is determined by detecting a current output by a secondary winding of the current transformer.
  • Patent Document US 2006/132062 A1 discloses a high-frequency switch mode power supply, comprising a power input circuit, a power output circuit, a power transformer for coupling the power input circuit and the power output circuit and for transmitting power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit, and a current detection circuit, serially connected in the circuit formed by the power input circuit and the power transformer, for detecting the current in the circuit.
  • Its current detection circuit comprises a current transformer circuit comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding, a detection unit with four diodes and a resistor, connected to the secondary winding, for detecting the current outputted by the secondary winding and in turn determining the current in the circuit.
  • Patent Document CN 101807857 discloses a high-frequency switch mode power supply, comprising a power input circuit, a power output circuit, a power transformer for coupling the power input circuit and the power output circuit and for transmitting power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit, and a current detection circuit on a secondary side of the power supply, with a current transformer, which comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding and a capacitor are connected in series to serve as a first impedance branch.
  • This first impedance branch and a second capacitor as a second impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the secondary loop.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a high-frequency switch mode power supply and a method for detecting a high-frequency current to reduce the size of a current detecting circuit.
  • a high-frequency switch mode power supply comprising:
  • a method for detecting a high-frequency current comprising:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency switch mode power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system includes a power input circuit 11, a power output circuit 12, a power transformer 13, and a current detecting circuit, where the current detecting circuit includes a current transformer 14, at least one second impedance branch 15 and a detecting unit 16;
  • the power input circuit 11 is configured to input power;
  • the power output circuit 12 is configured to output power;
  • the power transformer 13 is configured to couple the power input circuit and the power output circuit, and transmit power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit;
  • the current detecting circuit is connected in series in a loop formed of the power input circuit and the power transformer, and configured to detect a current in the loop.
  • the current detecting circuit includes the following units:
  • a feasible solution is to reduce the value of the current that flows through the current detecting circuit.
  • shunting is applied to reduce the value of the current that flows through the current detecting circuit.
  • the current that flows through the first impedance branch will be weaker than the current in the loop, and the purpose of reducing the detect current is fulfilled.
  • the detecting unit may include a rectifier circuit.
  • the current transformer includes one primary winding and one secondary winding, one second impedance branch and the first impedance branch formed by connecting the primary winding and the impedor in series are connected in parallel, and the detecting unit is specifically a rectifier circuit.
  • the system includes a power input circuit 21, a power output circuit 22, a power transformer 23, a second impedance branch 24, a current transformer 25, and a rectifier circuit 26, where the current transformer 25 includes a primary winding 251 and a secondary winding 252.
  • the second impedance branch 24 and the first impedance branch are in a parallel connection relationship
  • the first impedance branch is formed by connecting the primary winding 251 of the current transformer 25 and the impedor C1 in series
  • the second impedance branch and the first impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in a loop formed of the power input circuit 21 and the power transformer 23.
  • the value of the impedance in the first impedance branch is far greater than a sum of an impedance value of the primary winding and a value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding onto the primary winding, where "far greater than” means "above 5 times".
  • an impedor is exemplarily a capacitor.
  • the capacitor connected in series to the primary winding 251 is denoted by C1
  • the capacitor in the second impedance branch is denoted by C2.
  • the rectifier circuit 26 is formed of four diodes and one resistor, denoted by a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3), a fourth diode (D4), and a resistor (R1), respectively.
  • connection relationships between the diodes and the resistor are as follows:
  • the current that flows through the secondary winding 252 may be determined by detecting the voltage at R1; and then the current output by the power input circuit 21 may be obtained according to a relationship of the number of turns between the primary winding 251 and the secondary winding 252 and an impedance relationship between the parallel-connected branches.
  • the voltage detected at R1 is denoted by V
  • the resistance value of R1 is denoted by R
  • the impedance of the C1 branch is n times that of the C2 branch
  • the number of turns of the secondary winding 252 of the current transformer 25 is m times that of the primary winding 251.
  • the value of impedance of the C1 branch is greater than the sum of the impedance value of the primary winding 251 and the value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding 252 onto the primary winding 251.
  • greater than here refers to “far greater than”, and “far greater than” means that, during determining the impedance relationship between the C1 branch and the C2 branch, the sum of the impedance value of the primary winding 251 and the value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding 252 onto the primary winding 251 is ignorable.
  • the resistance of R1 is 100 ohms
  • C1:C2 1:2
  • a branch connected in parallel to the primary winding is set in a loop to reduce the value of a current that flows through the primary winding; and a small-sized current transformer can be used to detect a strong current output by the power input circuit, thereby reducing costs and avoiding limitation on the power density.
  • the impedor in each impedance branch may be a capacitor, an inductor, or a resistor.
  • the power input circuit may be a high-frequency switching power circuit or a high-frequency alternating current power circuit.
  • the impedor is a capacitor and an inductor, respectively, and the power input circuit and the power output circuit are high-frequency switching power circuits.
  • the power input circuit that is, a primary side, makes up a full-bridge converter, where the primary side is formed of four metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET), Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6.
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the power output circuit that is, a secondary side, is formed of 2 MOSFETs, Q1 and Q2.
  • a switch controller controls periodical conduction and cut-off of Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q1, and Q2.
  • the midpoints A and B of two bridge arms are periodically connected to the anode of the input power supply and a ground in turn, and thereby a high-frequency alternating current voltage is formed between A and B.
  • the power transformer TX1 induces the high-frequency alternating current voltage to the secondary side, and then after rectification by Q1 and Q2 and filtering by C19, a direct current output voltage Vo is formed.
  • the power that flows through the power transformer TX1 is divided into two branches, and, as shown in FIG. 3 for example, one branch is made up of C2 and a wire 31; and the other is made up of a capacitor C1, a wire 32, and a current transformer TX2.
  • the sum of the impedance of the primary side (or the primary winding) of the current transformer TX2 and the impedance refracted by the secondary side (or the secondary winding) onto the primary side is far less than the impedance of C1, so that the connection of the current transformer does not bring significant impact on the current distribution relationship.
  • the current transformer can detect the current in the C1 branch.
  • the currents in the two branches are also in a fixed proportion. According to the calculation method in the preceding embodiment, the current output by the power input circuit, or the current that flows through the power transformer TX1, is obtained.
  • the detecting of the current in the C1 branch is performed through a rectifier circuit.
  • the rectifier circuit includes four diodes and a resistor, denoted by D12, D14, D5, D13, and R1, respectively.
  • the cathode of D14 is electrically connected to the anode of D12; the cathode of D13 is electrically connected to the anode of D5; the anode of D14 is electrically connected to the anode of D13; the cathode of D12 is electrically connected to the cathode of D5; one end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of D14 and the anode of D12 (the joint is denoted by VI), and the other end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of D13 and the anode of D5 (the joint is denoted by V2); one of R1 is electrically connected to a joint between the anode of D14 and the anode of D13 (the joint is denoted by V3, and grounded), and the other end of R1 is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of D12 and the cathode of D5 (the joint is denoted by V
  • the current output by the secondary winding of the current transformer can control the conduction or cut-off of D12, D14, D5, and D13, and then the current output by the secondary winding circulates between the conducted diodes and R1.
  • D12 and D13 are conducted, and D14 and D5 are cut off.
  • the current output from the secondary winding circulates in a loop obtained by connecting D12, R1, D13, and the secondary winding in series.
  • the voltage at R1 may be detected, and the resistance of the voltage at R1 can be used to obtain the current at R1, that is, the current that circulates in the secondary winding. Afterwards, according to the ratio of the number of turns of the secondary winding to that of the primary winding, the current at the primary winding can be obtained; and according to the impedance relationship between the impedance branches, the current output by the power input circuit can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 4 in that a capacitor exists in the impedance branch in FIG. 3 , but an inductor exists in the impedance branch in FIG. 4 , both serving the purpose of shunting.
  • the impedors in both impedance branches are capacitors, which are C2 and C1, respectively; as shown in FIG. 4 , the impedors in both impedance branches are inductors, which are L2 and L1 respectively.
  • the impedor in the loop formed of the power input circuit and TX1 is opposite to the impedor in the impedance branch, so that TX1 can couple the input power to the output loop smoothly.
  • the impedor in the impedance branch in FIG. 3 is a capacitor, and the impedor in the loop is an inductor L8; while the impedor in the impedance branch in FIG. 4 is an inductor, and the impedor in the loop is a capacitor Cr.
  • the current output by a power input module is shunted by the current detecting circuit.
  • the shunted current is weaker than the current output by the power input circuit, which avoids the problem that a large-sized current detecting circuit of is required due to a strong current, and implements current detecting with a current detecting circuit of a smaller size, therefore reducing costs and increasing power density of a power converter.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting a high-frequency current according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:
  • the method in this embodiment is a method applied when the foregoing high-frequency switch mode power supply is used to detect a current.
  • the high-frequency switch mode power supply used in the method in this embodiment reference may be made to the preceding embodiment.
  • the detecting, by the detecting unit, a current output by the secondary winding includes: converting, by a resistor in a rectifier circuit, the current to a voltage, so that the current output by the secondary winding is obtained according to the voltage and a resistance value of the resistor, where a current that flows through the resistor is a current obtained after the secondary winding of the current transformer converts a current at the primary winding.
  • an impedance value of the impedor in the first impedance branch is greater than 5 times a sum of an impedance value of the primary winding and a value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding onto the primary winding.
  • the power input circuit is a high-frequency switching power circuit or a high-frequency alternating current power circuit.
  • the current output by a power input module is shunted by the branch that includes the primary winding.
  • the shunted current is weaker than the current output by the power input circuit, which avoids the problem that a large-sized current detecting circuit is required due to a strong current and implements current detecting with a current detecting circuit of a smaller size, therefore reducing costs and increasing power density of a power converter.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to high-frequency power conversion technologies, and in particular, to a high-frequency switch mode power supply and a method for detecting a high-frequency current.
    • BACKGROUND
  • In power conversion, a current output by a power input circuit needs to be detected. In a prior art, a primary winding of a current transformer can be connected in series in a loop where a current flow, and the current output by the power input circuit is determined by detecting a current output by a secondary winding of the current transformer.
  • In high-frequency power conversion technologies, with increase of the frequency of power conversion, the required power density is increasing. Further, in high-frequency power conversion technologies, the current output by the power input circuit is strong. To control temperature rise of components and ensure reliability, a larger wire diameter is needed for winding into a current transformer, which increases the size of the current transformer. This, in one aspect, leads to rise of costs, and in another aspect, occupies a larger area of a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), which restricts increase of the power density. Patent Document US 2006/132062 A1 discloses a high-frequency switch mode power supply, comprising a power input circuit, a power output circuit, a power transformer for coupling the power input circuit and the power output circuit and for transmitting power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit, and a current detection circuit, serially connected in the circuit formed by the power input circuit and the power transformer, for detecting the current in the circuit. Its current detection circuit comprises a current transformer circuit comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding, a detection unit with four diodes and a resistor, connected to the secondary winding, for detecting the current outputted by the secondary winding and in turn determining the current in the circuit.
  • Patent Document CN 101807857 discloses a high-frequency switch mode power supply, comprising a power input circuit, a power output circuit, a power transformer for coupling the power input circuit and the power output circuit and for transmitting power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit, and a current detection circuit on a secondary side of the power supply, with a current transformer, which comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding and a capacitor are connected in series to serve as a first impedance branch. This first impedance branch and a second capacitor as a second impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the secondary loop.
    • SUMMARY
  • The embodiments of the present invention provide a high-frequency switch mode power supply and a method for detecting a high-frequency current to reduce the size of a current detecting circuit.
  • In a first aspect, there is provided a high-frequency switch mode power supply, comprising:
    • a power input circuit, configured to input power;
    • a power output circuit, configured to output power;
    • a power transformer, configured to couple the power input circuit and the power output circuit, and transmit power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit; and
    • a current detecting circuit, connected in series in a loop formed of the power input circuit and the power transformer, and configured to detect a current in the loop, wherein:
      • the current detecting circuit comprises:
      • a current transformer, which comprises a primary winding and at least one secondary winding, wherein the primary winding and an impedor are connected in series to serve as a first impedance branch connected in series in the loop;
      • at least one second impedance branch and the first impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the loop; and
      • a detecting unit, connected to the secondary winding, and configured to detect a current output by the secondary winding so as to determine the current in the loop according to the current output by the secondary winding and relationships between the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the second impedance branch;
    • wherein the detecting unit comprises:
      a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, and a resistor, wherein:
      • a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the second diode;
      • a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode;
      • an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode;
      • a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode;
      • one end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode, and the other end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode; and
      • one end of the resistor is electrically connected to a joint between the anode of the first diode and the anode of the third diode, the other end of the resistor is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the fourth diode to output a detecting voltage so as to obtain the current at the secondary winding according to the detecting voltage and a resistance value of the resistor.
  • In a second aspect, there is provided a method for detecting a high-frequency current, comprising:
    • after connecting a first impedance branch formed of a primary winding of a current transformer and an impedor and at least one second impedance branch in parallel, shunting a current in a loop formed of a power input circuit and a power transformer; and
    • connecting, by a detecting unit, to a secondary winding of the current transformer and detecting a current output by the secondary winding so as to determine the current in the loop according to the current output by the secondary winding and relationships between the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the second impedance branch;
    • wherein the detecting unit comprises:
      a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, and a resistor, wherein:
      • a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the second diode;
      • a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode;
      • an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode;
      • a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode;
      • wherein connecting, by the detecting unit, to a second winding comprises:
        • electrically connecting one end of the secondary winding to a joint between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode;
        • electrically connecting the other end of the secondary winding to a joint between the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode;
        • electrically connecting one end of the resistor to a joint between the anode of the first diode and the anode of the third diode; and
        • electrically connecting the other end of the resistor to a joint between the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the fourth diode to output a detecting voltage;
      • wherein detecting a current output comprises obtaining the current at the secondary winding according to the detecting voltage and a resistance value of the resistor.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
  • To illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show some embodiments of the present invention, and persons of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.
    • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency switch mode power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency switch mode power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency switch mode power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency switch mode power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
    • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for detecting a high-frequency current according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
  • To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency switch mode power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes a power input circuit 11, a power output circuit 12, a power transformer 13, and a current detecting circuit, where the current detecting circuit includes a current transformer 14, at least one second impedance branch 15 and a detecting unit 16;
    The power input circuit 11 is configured to input power; the power output circuit 12 is configured to output power; the power transformer 13 is configured to couple the power input circuit and the power output circuit, and transmit power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit; and the current detecting circuit is connected in series in a loop formed of the power input circuit and the power transformer, and configured to detect a current in the loop.
  • Different from the prior art, the current detecting circuit includes the following units:
    • a current transformer 14, which includes a primary winding and at least one secondary winding, where the primary winding and an impedor (denoted by C1 in FIG. 1) are connected in series to serve as a first impedance branch connected in series in the loop;
    • at least one second impedance branch 15 (an impedor in the second impedance branch is denoted by C2 in FIG. 1) and the first impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the loop; and
    • a detecting unit 16, connected to the at least one secondary winding, and configured to detect a current output by the secondary winding so as to determine a current in the loop according to the current output by the secondary winding and relationships between the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the second impedance branch 15. In the prior art, the primary winding of the current transformer is connected in series in the loop, that is, the current that flows through the primary winding is the current output by the power input circuit, and the current is very strong. Due to the very strong current, to avoid temperature rise and improve reliability, it is necessary to increase the wire diameter of a wire used for winding into the current transformer, which leads to an increase of size.
  • To solve the problem of increased size, a feasible solution is to reduce the value of the current that flows through the current detecting circuit.
  • In this embodiment, shunting is applied to reduce the value of the current that flows through the current detecting circuit.
  • In this embodiment, because the first impedance branch and the second impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the loop, the current that flows through the first impedance branch will be weaker than the current in the loop, and the purpose of reducing the detect current is fulfilled.
  • Optionally, the detecting unit may include a rectifier circuit.
  • For bridge rectification or half-wave rectification, one secondary winding is employed; for full-wave rectification, two secondary windings are employed.
  • As shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed exemplarily that the current transformer includes one primary winding and one secondary winding, one second impedance branch and the first impedance branch formed by connecting the primary winding and the impedor in series are connected in parallel, and the detecting unit is specifically a rectifier circuit. The system includes a power input circuit 21, a power output circuit 22, a power transformer 23, a second impedance branch 24, a current transformer 25, and a rectifier circuit 26, where the current transformer 25 includes a primary winding 251 and a secondary winding 252.
  • For functions of the power input circuit 21, the power output circuit 22, and the power transformer 23, refer to the preceding embodiment.
  • The second impedance branch 24 and the first impedance branch are in a parallel connection relationship, the first impedance branch is formed by connecting the primary winding 251 of the current transformer 25 and the impedor C1 in series, and the second impedance branch and the first impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in a loop formed of the power input circuit 21 and the power transformer 23.
  • In this embodiment, the value of the impedance in the first impedance branch is far greater than a sum of an impedance value of the primary winding and a value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding onto the primary winding, where "far greater than" means "above 5 times".
  • In this embodiment, an impedor is exemplarily a capacitor. As shown in FIG. 2, the capacitor connected in series to the primary winding 251 is denoted by C1, and the capacitor in the second impedance branch is denoted by C2.
  • In this embodiment, the rectifier circuit 26 is formed of four diodes and one resistor, denoted by a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3), a fourth diode (D4), and a resistor (R1), respectively.
  • The connection relationships between the diodes and the resistor are as follows:
    • a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the second diode;
    • a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode;
    • an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode;
    • a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode;
    • one end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode, and the other end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode; and
    • one end of the resistor is electrically connected to a joint between the anode of the first diode and the anode of the third diode, and the other end of the resistor is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the fourth diode.
  • The current that flows through the secondary winding 252 may be determined by detecting the voltage at R1; and then the current output by the power input circuit 21 may be obtained according to a relationship of the number of turns between the primary winding 251 and the secondary winding 252 and an impedance relationship between the parallel-connected branches.
  • It is assumed that the voltage detected at R1 is denoted by V, the resistance value of R1 is denoted by R, the impedance of the C1 branch is n times that of the C2 branch, the number of turns of the secondary winding 252 of the current transformer 25 is m times that of the primary winding 251. The value of impedance of the C1 branch is greater than the sum of the impedance value of the primary winding 251 and the value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding 252 onto the primary winding 251. Specifically, "greater than" here refers to "far greater than", and "far greater than" means that, during determining the impedance relationship between the C1 branch and the C2 branch, the sum of the impedance value of the primary winding 251 and the value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding 252 onto the primary winding 251 is ignorable.
  • Under such assumptions, the current output by the power input circuit is I = (1 + n) × (V/R) × m.
  • For example, assuming that the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding to the number of turns of the secondary winding is 1:50, the resistance of R1 is 100 ohms, C1:C2 = 1:2, and the voltage detected at R1 is 2 volts, and therefore I = 3 amperes.
  • In this embodiment, a branch connected in parallel to the primary winding is set in a loop to reduce the value of a current that flows through the primary winding; and a small-sized current transformer can be used to detect a strong current output by the power input circuit, thereby reducing costs and avoiding limitation on the power density.
  • Optionally, the impedor in each impedance branch may be a capacitor, an inductor, or a resistor. Optionally, the power input circuit may be a high-frequency switching power circuit or a high-frequency alternating current power circuit.
  • In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it is assumed that the impedor is a capacitor and an inductor, respectively, and the power input circuit and the power output circuit are high-frequency switching power circuits. Specifically, the power input circuit, that is, a primary side, makes up a full-bridge converter, where the primary side is formed of four metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET), Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6. Q3 and Q4 make up one bridge arm, and Q5 and Q6 make up another bridge arm.
  • The power output circuit, that is, a secondary side, is formed of 2 MOSFETs, Q1 and Q2.
  • A switch controller controls periodical conduction and cut-off of Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q1, and Q2.
  • The midpoints A and B of two bridge arms are periodically connected to the anode of the input power supply and a ground in turn, and thereby a high-frequency alternating current voltage is formed between A and B.
  • The power transformer TX1 induces the high-frequency alternating current voltage to the secondary side, and then after rectification by Q1 and Q2 and filtering by C19, a direct current output voltage Vo is formed.
  • In order to know the operating state of the converter, the current that flows through the power transformer TX1 needs to be detected. The power that flows through the power transformer TX1 is divided into two branches, and, as shown in FIG. 3 for example, one branch is made up of C2 and a wire 31; and the other is made up of a capacitor C1, a wire 32, and a current transformer TX2. In addition, the sum of the impedance of the primary side (or the primary winding) of the current transformer TX2 and the impedance refracted by the secondary side (or the secondary winding) onto the primary side is far less than the impedance of C1, so that the connection of the current transformer does not bring significant impact on the current distribution relationship. The current transformer can detect the current in the C1 branch. Because the impedance of C1 and the impedance of C2 are in a fixed proportion, the currents in the two branches are also in a fixed proportion. According to the calculation method in the preceding embodiment, the current output by the power input circuit, or the current that flows through the power transformer TX1, is obtained.
  • Similar to the current detecting process in the preceding embodiment, the detecting of the current in the C1 branch is performed through a rectifier circuit. As shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the rectifier circuit includes four diodes and a resistor, denoted by D12, D14, D5, D13, and R1, respectively. The cathode of D14 is electrically connected to the anode of D12; the cathode of D13 is electrically connected to the anode of D5; the anode of D14 is electrically connected to the anode of D13; the cathode of D12 is electrically connected to the cathode of D5; one end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of D14 and the anode of D12 (the joint is denoted by VI), and the other end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of D13 and the anode of D5 (the joint is denoted by V2); one of R1 is electrically connected to a joint between the anode of D14 and the anode of D13 (the joint is denoted by V3, and grounded), and the other end of R1 is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of D12 and the cathode of D5 (the joint is denoted by V4). The current output by the secondary winding of the current transformer can control the conduction or cut-off of D12, D14, D5, and D13, and then the current output by the secondary winding circulates between the conducted diodes and R1. For example, when the current that flows through the secondary winding flows from right to left (that is, VI is of a high level, and V2 is of a low level) as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, D12 and D13 are conducted, and D14 and D5 are cut off. Afterwards, the current output from the secondary winding circulates in a loop obtained by connecting D12, R1, D13, and the secondary winding in series. During the detection, the voltage at R1 may be detected, and the resistance of the voltage at R1 can be used to obtain the current at R1, that is, the current that circulates in the secondary winding. Afterwards, according to the ratio of the number of turns of the secondary winding to that of the primary winding, the current at the primary winding can be obtained; and according to the impedance relationship between the impedance branches, the current output by the power input circuit can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 4 in that a capacitor exists in the impedance branch in FIG. 3, but an inductor exists in the impedance branch in FIG. 4, both serving the purpose of shunting. As shown in FIG. 3, the impedors in both impedance branches are capacitors, which are C2 and C1, respectively; as shown in FIG. 4, the impedors in both impedance branches are inductors, which are L2 and L1 respectively. In addition, the impedor in the loop formed of the power input circuit and TX1 is opposite to the impedor in the impedance branch, so that TX1 can couple the input power to the output loop smoothly. The impedor in the impedance branch in FIG. 3 is a capacitor, and the impedor in the loop is an inductor L8; while the impedor in the impedance branch in FIG. 4 is an inductor, and the impedor in the loop is a capacitor Cr.
  • In this embodiment, the current output by a power input module is shunted by the current detecting circuit. The shunted current is weaker than the current output by the power input circuit, which avoids the problem that a large-sized current detecting circuit of is required due to a strong current, and implements current detecting with a current detecting circuit of a smaller size, therefore reducing costs and increasing power density of a power converter.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting a high-frequency current according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:
    • Step 51: After connecting a first impedance branch formed of a primary winding of a current transformer and an impedor and at least one second impedance branch in parallel, shunt a current in a loop formed of a power input circuit and a power transformer.
    • Step 52: A detecting unit connects to a secondary winding of the current transformer and detects a current output by the secondary winding so as to determine the current in the loop according to the current output by the secondary winding and relationships between the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the second impedance branch.
  • The method in this embodiment is a method applied when the foregoing high-frequency switch mode power supply is used to detect a current. For detailed composition of the high-frequency switch mode power supply used in the method in this embodiment, reference may be made to the preceding embodiment.
  • Optionally, the detecting, by the detecting unit, a current output by the secondary winding, includes:
    converting, by a resistor in a rectifier circuit, the current to a voltage, so that the current output by the secondary winding is obtained according to the voltage and a resistance value of the resistor, where a current that flows through the resistor is a current obtained after the secondary winding of the current transformer converts a current at the primary winding.
  • Optionally,
    • when the first impedance branch includes an inductor, the second impedance branch is formed of a wire and an inductor; or
    • when the first impedance branch includes a capacitor, the second impedance branch is formed of a wire and a capacitor.
  • Optionally, an impedance value of the impedor in the first impedance branch is greater than 5 times a sum of an impedance value of the primary winding and a value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding onto the primary winding.
  • Optionally, the power input circuit is a high-frequency switching power circuit or a high-frequency alternating current power circuit.
  • In this embodiment, the current output by a power input module is shunted by the branch that includes the primary winding. The shunted current is weaker than the current output by the power input circuit, which avoids the problem that a large-sized current detecting circuit is required due to a strong current and implements current detecting with a current detecting circuit of a smaller size, therefore reducing costs and increasing power density of a power converter.
  • Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of the present invention other than limiting the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they may still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some or all the technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. A high-frequency switch mode power supply, comprising:
    a power input circuit (11), configured to input power;
    a power output circuit (12), configured to output power;
    a power transformer (13), configured to couple the power input circuit and the power output circuit, and transmit power from the power input circuit to the power output circuit; and
    a current detecting circuit (16), connected in series in a loop formed of the power input circuit and the power transformer, and configured to detect a current in the loop, wherein:
    the current detecting circuit comprises:
    a current transformer (14), which comprises a primary winding and at least one secondary winding, wherein the primary winding and an impedor are connected in series to serve as a first impedance branch connected in series in the loop;
    at least one second impedance branch (15) and the first impedance branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the loop; and
    a detecting unit, connected to the secondary winding, and configured to detect a current output by the secondary winding so as to determine the current in the loop according to the current output by the secondary winding and relationships between the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the second impedance branch;
    wherein the detecting unit comprises:
    a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, and a resistor, wherein:
    a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the second diode;
    a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode;
    an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode;
    a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode;
    one end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode, and the other end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode; and
    one end of the resistor is electrically connected to a joint between the anode of the first diode and the anode of the third diode, the other end of the resistor is electrically connected to a joint between the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the fourth diode to output a detecting voltage so as to obtain the current at the secondary winding according to the detecting voltage and a resistance value of the resistor.
  2. The power supply according to claim 1, wherein: an impedance value of the impedor in the first impedance branch is greater than 5 times a sum of an impedance value of the primary winding and a value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding onto the primary winding.
  3. The power supply according to claim 2, wherein:
    the impedor is a capacitor, and each of the impedance branches is formed of a wire and a capacitor; or
    the impedor is an inductor, and each of the impedance branches is formed of a wire and an inductor.
  4. The power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the power input circuit is a high-frequency switching power circuit or a high-frequency alternating current power circuit.
  5. A method for detecting a high-frequency current, comprising:
    after connecting a first impedance branch formed of a primary winding of a current transformer and an impedor and at least one second impedance branch in parallel, shunting (51) a current in a loop formed of a power input circuit and a power transformer; and
    connecting (52), by a detecting unit, to a secondary winding of the current transformer and detecting a current output by the secondary winding so as to determine the current in the loop according to the current output by the secondary winding and relationships between the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the second impedance branch;
    wherein the detecting unit comprises:
    a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, and a resistor, wherein:
    a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the second diode;
    a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode;
    an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode;
    a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode;
    wherein connecting, by the detecting unit, to a second winding comprises:
    electrically connecting one end of the secondary winding to a joint between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode;
    electrically connecting the other end of the secondary winding to a joint between the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode;
    electrically connecting one end of the resistor to a joint between the anode of the first diode and the anode of the third diode; and
    electrically connecting the other end of the resistor to a joint between the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the fourth diode to output a detecting voltage;
    wherein detecting a current output comprises obtaining the current at the secondary winding according to the detecting voltage and a resistance value of the resistor.
  6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the detecting, by the detecting unit, a current output by the secondary winding, comprises:
    converting, by a resistor in a rectifier circuit, the current to voltage, so that the current output by the secondary winding is obtained according to the voltage and a resistance value of the resistor, wherein a current that flows through the resistor is a current obtained after the secondary winding of the current transformer converts a current at the primary winding.
  7. The method according to claim 5, wherein:
    when the first impedance branch comprises an inductor, the second impedance branch is formed of a wire and an inductor; or
    when the first impedance branch comprises a capacitor, the second impedance branch is formed of a wire and a capacitor.
  8. The method according to claim 5, wherein: an impedance value of the impedor in the first impedance branch is greater than 5 times a sum of an impedance value of the primary winding and a value of impedance refracted by the secondary winding onto the primary winding.
  9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: the power input circuit is a high-frequency switching power circuit or a high-frequency alternating current power circuit.
EP13739926.7A 2012-08-29 2013-04-11 High-frequency switch power supply and method for detecting high-frequency current Active EP2728728B1 (en)

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PCT/CN2013/074073 WO2014032430A1 (en) 2012-08-29 2013-04-11 High-frequency switch power supply and method for detecting high-frequency current

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CN103743946B (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-04-06 镇江天力变压器有限公司 A kind of integrating circuit of high-frequency dust removing power supply resonance current
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WO2014032430A1 (en) 2014-03-06

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