EP2724013B1 - Fuel injection system - Google Patents
Fuel injection system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2724013B1 EP2724013B1 EP12743197.1A EP12743197A EP2724013B1 EP 2724013 B1 EP2724013 B1 EP 2724013B1 EP 12743197 A EP12743197 A EP 12743197A EP 2724013 B1 EP2724013 B1 EP 2724013B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- pressure
- control
- fuel injection
- injection system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
- F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
- F02D41/3863—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
- F02M63/0052—Pressure relief valves with means for adjusting the opening pressure, e.g. electrically controlled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
- F02M59/025—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by a single piston
- F02M59/027—Unit-pumps, i.e. single piston and cylinder pump-units, e.g. for cooperating with a camshaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
- F02M69/54—Arrangement of fuel pressure regulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
- F02D2041/3881—Common rail control systems with multiple common rails, e.g. one rail per cylinder bank, or a high pressure rail and a low pressure rail
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injection system of a reciprocating engine.
- Fuel injection pumps are used in reciprocating engines for periodically injecting pressurized fuel into the fuel injector and further via the fuel injector into the engine cylinder see e.g. DE 102009051390 .
- the fuel injection pump comprises a fuel chamber in which a reciprocating plunger is arranged, the movement of which causes a pressure increase of the fuel.
- the fuel injection pump contains at least one fuel port, through which fuel is introduced into the fuel chamber from an inlet chamber located externally thereof.
- the plunger includes two control edges, the first of which defines the starting moment of the fuel injection and the second the ending moment.
- the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber increases and pressurized fuel flows from the pressure chamber to the fuel line leading to the fuel injector.
- the second control edge on the side of the plunger reaches the opening of the fuel port and uncovers the fuel channel, the pressure of the pressure chamber is released via the fuel port into the inlet chamber and the fuel flow into the fuel injector ends.
- the second control edge is helical, whereby the ending moment of the fuel injection can be changed by rotating the plunger about its longitudinal axis.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection system with an improved injection pressure control.
- the fuel injection system comprises fuel injectors for injecting fuel into engine cylinders, injection pumps for feeding fuel to the injectors, each injection pump comprising at least one pump element for pressurizing fuel to be injected.
- Each injector is connected to a separate pump element by means of a fuel line.
- a return line are connected to the fuel line, which return line is provided with a pressure control valve for controlling fuel pressure in the fuel line.
- the fuel injection system is further provided with a control unit, which is configured to control the pressure control valve.
- the fuel injection system according to the invention provides a wide flexibility to control the injection pressure over the whole operating range of the engine. By fast and flexible control of the injection pressure, an accurate fuel injection rate shaping and low emission level and fuel consumption requirements can be achieved with very low impact on the injection system design, engine automation and cost. Additionally, the fuel injection system according to the invention can be applied to different types of two and four stroke diesel engines, which are provided with conventional fuel injection systems.
- the drawing discloses a fuel injection system 1 for a reciprocating engine.
- the engine can be a large diesel engine, either a two-stroke or a four-stroke engine.
- Large reciprocating engine refers here to such engines that can be used for instance as main and auxiliary engines in ships or in power plants for production of heat and/or electricity.
- the fuel injection system 1 can also be used in smaller diesel engines.
- the fuel injection system 1 comprises fuel injectors 2 for injecting fuel into the engine cylinders. Further, the fuel injection system 1 comprises fuel injection pumps 3 for feeding fuel to the injectors 2 through fuel lines 4. Each fuel injection pump 3 comprises at least one pump element 5 for pressurizing fuel to be injected.
- the fuel injection pump 3 shown in the drawing comprises one pump element 5, but it may also comprise two or more pump elements.
- the pump element 5 comprises a fuel chamber 6 in which a reciprocating plunger 7 is arranged.
- the drawing shows only one fuel injector 2 and one fuel injection pump 3, although the fuel injection system 1 comprises a plurality of fuel injectors 2 and fuel injection pumps 3.
- Each fuel injector 2 is connected to its respective pump element 5 by means of the fuel line 4.
- the fuel injection pump 3 is shown as a partial cross-sectional view in the drawing.
- the plunger 7 reciprocates in the fuel chamber 6.
- the reciprocation of the plunger 7 causes a pressurization of fuel in the fuel chamber 6.
- the reciprocation of the plunger 7 is produced by means of a cam 8 of a rotatable camshaft 9.
- the plunger 7 is pressed against the cam 8 with a spring (not shown).
- the pump element 5 has one or more outlet ports 15 for removing pressurized fuel from the fuel chamber 6.
- the fuel line 4 leading from the outlet port 15 to the fuel injector 2 is provided with a main flow valve 16 opening when the pressure in the fuel chamber 6 exceeds a certain limit value and closes when the pressure in the fuel chamber 6 decreases to below this limit value.
- the main flow valve 16 is a check valve, i.e. it allows flow from the fuel chamber 6 towards the fuel injector 2, but prevents flow from the fuel injector 2 towards the fuel chamber 6.
- a body part 17 is arranged around the pump element 5.
- An inlet chamber 18 is arranged between the body part 17 and the pump element 5.
- the inlet chamber 18 is annular.
- the inlet chamber 18 is connected via a feed line 19 to a fuel source, such as a fuel tank 11.
- the feed line 19 is provided with a pump 20 for feeding fuel from the fuel source into the inlet chamber 18.
- the inlet chamber 18 is connected to the fuel chamber 6 via one or more fuel ports 21.
- a fuel return line 22 leads from the inlet chamber 18 back to the fuel source 11.
- the fuel return line 22 is provided with a regulation valve 30 for adjusting fuel pressure in the return line 22.
- the plunger 7 comprises a first control edge 23 located at the side of the plunger 7.
- the first control edge 23 determines the starting moment of the fuel injection.
- a second control edge 24 is also located at the side of the plunger 7.
- the second control edge 24 determines the ending moment of the fuel injection.
- the second control edge 24 is below the first control edge 23.
- the second control edge 24 is helical, whereby the ending moment of the fuel injection can be changed by rotating the plunger 7 about its longitudinal axis 25.
- a longitudinal groove 26 extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis 25 of the plunger is arranged at the side of the plunger 7.
- the injection pump 3 further comprises an actuator 27 for rotating the plunger 7 about its longitudinal axis and thus adjusting the ending moment of the fuel injection and the duration of the injection.
- the actuator 27 comprises, for example, a toothed wheel arranged around the plunger rod and a toothed rack cooperating therewith. A longitudinal movement of the rack rotates the plunger 7 about its longitudinal axis 25.
- Each injector 2 is fluidly connected to a separate pump element 5 by means of the fuel line 4.
- a return line 10 is connected to each fuel line 4 for discharging fuel from the fuel line 4.
- the return line 10 can be in flow communication with the fuel tank 11.
- Each return line 10 is provided with a pressure control valve 12 for controlling fuel pressure in the fuel line 4.
- the return line 10 is also provided with a delivery valve 13, which is installed downstream of the pressure control valve 12.
- the delivery valve 13 is a check valve, which is arranged to open when the pressure in the return line 10 between the pressure control valve 12 and the delivery valve 13 exceeds a certain limit value and close when the pressure decreases below this limit value.
- the fuel line 4 is provided with a pressure sensor 14 for measuring fuel pressure in the fuel line 4.
- the pressure sensor 14 is installed downstream of the branching point of the return line 10.
- the fuel injection system 1 is provided with a control unit 29, which is configured to control the pressure control valves 12.
- the measurement data of the pressure sensors 14 of fuel lines 4 are transmitted to the control unit 29.
- the pressure control valves 12 can be controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) control, in which the control signal of the actuator of the pressure control valve 12 is produced by PWM technique.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the average value of control voltage (or current) fed to the actuator is controlled by turning the switch between supply and the actuator on and off at a fast pace. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the power supplied to the actuator is.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the control can be based on a closed loop or an open loop control.
- the control unit 29 controls the operation the pressure control valve 12 based on the pressure measurement of the pressure sensor 14.
- the control can be based on the measurement of the maximum pressure in the fuel line 4 during the injection event.
- the control unit 29 compares the measured pressure value width a reference value and controls the pressure control valve 12 so that the measured pressure value approaches the reference value.
- control unit 29 In the open loop control the control unit 29 is provided with a fuel pressure matrix which defines the reference values for the fuel pressure in the fuel line 4 and the corresponding pressure control valve 12 position.
- the control unit 29 is configured to control the pressure control valve 12 based on the reference values of the fuel pressure value matrix.
- the reference values for the fuel pressure are dependent on the engine control strategy.
- the reference values can be defined as a parameter of, for example, a certain engine speed and/or load or emission level.
- the camshaft 9 and the cam 8 rotate about the rotation axis 28 of the camshaft.
- Fuel is fed by the pump 20 from the fuel tank 11 into the inlet chamber 18.
- the plunger 7 starts to move upwards, i.e. towards the top dead centre in the fuel chamber 6.
- the first control edge 23 covers the opening of the fuel port 21. Thereafter, the upwards moving plunger 7 pressurizes the fuel in the fuel chamber 6.
- the control unit 29 controls the pressure control valve 12 so that the fuel pressure in the fuel line 4 can be adjusted. When the pressure control valve 12 is open, part of the fuel flows from the fuel line 4 through the pressure control valve 12 and the delivery valve 13 to the fuel tank 11.
- control unit 29 compares the measured pressure value with a reference value and controls the pressure control valve 12 so that the measured pressure value in the fuel line 4 approaches the reference value.
- control unit 29 controls the pressure control valve 12 on the basis on the reference values of the fuel pressure value matrix.
- the plunger 7 reaches its top dead centre and subsequently starts to move down-wards in the fuel chamber 6.
- the second control edge 24 again covers the opening of the fuel port 21.
- the first control edge 23 reaches the opening of the fuel port 21 and uncovers the opening, and fuel flows via the fuel port 21 into the fuel chamber 6.
- the plunger 7 reaches its bottom dead centre and stays there for a while, whereby fuel flows into the fuel chamber 18 via the fuel port 21.
- the location of the second control edge 24 changes in relation to the opening of the fuel port 21.
- the second control edge 24 of the plunger moving towards its top dead centre reaches the opening of the fuel port 21 earlier or later, and the fuel injection correspondingly ends earlier or later.
- the ending moment of the fuel injection can be retarded or advanced.
- the duration of the fuel injection can be changed by rotating the plunger 7 about its longitudinal axis 25.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to a fuel injection system of a reciprocating engine.
- Fuel injection pumps are used in reciprocating engines for periodically injecting pressurized fuel into the fuel injector and further via the fuel injector into the engine cylinder see e.g.
DE 102009051390 . The fuel injection pump comprises a fuel chamber in which a reciprocating plunger is arranged, the movement of which causes a pressure increase of the fuel. The fuel injection pump contains at least one fuel port, through which fuel is introduced into the fuel chamber from an inlet chamber located externally thereof. The plunger includes two control edges, the first of which defines the starting moment of the fuel injection and the second the ending moment. As the first control edge on the side of the plunger moving towards the top dead centre in the pressure chamber covers the opening of the fuel port, the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber increases and pressurized fuel flows from the pressure chamber to the fuel line leading to the fuel injector. As the second control edge on the side of the plunger reaches the opening of the fuel port and uncovers the fuel channel, the pressure of the pressure chamber is released via the fuel port into the inlet chamber and the fuel flow into the fuel injector ends. The second control edge is helical, whereby the ending moment of the fuel injection can be changed by rotating the plunger about its longitudinal axis. - An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection system with an improved injection pressure control.
- According to the invention, this object is achieved as described in
claim 1. - The fuel injection system according to the invention comprises fuel injectors for injecting fuel into engine cylinders, injection pumps for feeding fuel to the injectors, each injection pump comprising at least one pump element for pressurizing fuel to be injected. Each injector is connected to a separate pump element by means of a fuel line. A return line are connected to the fuel line, which return line is provided with a pressure control valve for controlling fuel pressure in the fuel line. The fuel injection system is further provided with a control unit, which is configured to control the pressure control valve.
- The fuel injection system according to the invention provides a wide flexibility to control the injection pressure over the whole operating range of the engine. By fast and flexible control of the injection pressure, an accurate fuel injection rate shaping and low emission level and fuel consumption requirements can be achieved with very low impact on the injection system design, engine automation and cost. Additionally, the fuel injection system according to the invention can be applied to different types of two and four stroke diesel engines, which are provided with conventional fuel injection systems.
- In the following the invention will be described by way of an example with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows schematically part of the fuel injection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- The drawing discloses a
fuel injection system 1 for a reciprocating engine. The engine can be a large diesel engine, either a two-stroke or a four-stroke engine. Large reciprocating engine refers here to such engines that can be used for instance as main and auxiliary engines in ships or in power plants for production of heat and/or electricity. Thefuel injection system 1 can also be used in smaller diesel engines. - The
fuel injection system 1 comprisesfuel injectors 2 for injecting fuel into the engine cylinders. Further, thefuel injection system 1 comprisesfuel injection pumps 3 for feeding fuel to theinjectors 2 throughfuel lines 4. Eachfuel injection pump 3 comprises at least onepump element 5 for pressurizing fuel to be injected. Thefuel injection pump 3 shown in the drawing comprises onepump element 5, but it may also comprise two or more pump elements. Thepump element 5 comprises a fuel chamber 6 in which areciprocating plunger 7 is arranged. For the sake of clarity, the drawing shows only onefuel injector 2 and onefuel injection pump 3, although thefuel injection system 1 comprises a plurality offuel injectors 2 andfuel injection pumps 3. Eachfuel injector 2 is connected to itsrespective pump element 5 by means of thefuel line 4. Thefuel injection pump 3 is shown as a partial cross-sectional view in the drawing. - As the engine runs, the
plunger 7 reciprocates in the fuel chamber 6. The reciprocation of theplunger 7 causes a pressurization of fuel in the fuel chamber 6. The reciprocation of theplunger 7 is produced by means of acam 8 of arotatable camshaft 9. Theplunger 7 is pressed against thecam 8 with a spring (not shown). - The
pump element 5 has one ormore outlet ports 15 for removing pressurized fuel from the fuel chamber 6. Thefuel line 4 leading from theoutlet port 15 to thefuel injector 2 is provided with amain flow valve 16 opening when the pressure in the fuel chamber 6 exceeds a certain limit value and closes when the pressure in the fuel chamber 6 decreases to below this limit value. Themain flow valve 16 is a check valve, i.e. it allows flow from the fuel chamber 6 towards thefuel injector 2, but prevents flow from thefuel injector 2 towards the fuel chamber 6. - A
body part 17 is arranged around thepump element 5. Aninlet chamber 18 is arranged between thebody part 17 and thepump element 5. Theinlet chamber 18 is annular. Theinlet chamber 18 is connected via afeed line 19 to a fuel source, such as afuel tank 11. Thefeed line 19 is provided with apump 20 for feeding fuel from the fuel source into theinlet chamber 18. Theinlet chamber 18 is connected to the fuel chamber 6 via one ormore fuel ports 21. Afuel return line 22 leads from theinlet chamber 18 back to thefuel source 11. Thefuel return line 22 is provided with aregulation valve 30 for adjusting fuel pressure in thereturn line 22. - The
plunger 7 comprises afirst control edge 23 located at the side of theplunger 7. Thefirst control edge 23 determines the starting moment of the fuel injection. Asecond control edge 24 is also located at the side of theplunger 7. Thesecond control edge 24 determines the ending moment of the fuel injection. Thesecond control edge 24 is below thefirst control edge 23. Thesecond control edge 24 is helical, whereby the ending moment of the fuel injection can be changed by rotating theplunger 7 about itslongitudinal axis 25. Alongitudinal groove 26 extending in the direction of thelongitudinal axis 25 of the plunger is arranged at the side of theplunger 7. - The
injection pump 3 further comprises anactuator 27 for rotating theplunger 7 about its longitudinal axis and thus adjusting the ending moment of the fuel injection and the duration of the injection. Theactuator 27 comprises, for example, a toothed wheel arranged around the plunger rod and a toothed rack cooperating therewith. A longitudinal movement of the rack rotates theplunger 7 about itslongitudinal axis 25. - Each
injector 2 is fluidly connected to aseparate pump element 5 by means of thefuel line 4. Areturn line 10 is connected to eachfuel line 4 for discharging fuel from thefuel line 4. Thereturn line 10 can be in flow communication with thefuel tank 11. Eachreturn line 10 is provided with apressure control valve 12 for controlling fuel pressure in thefuel line 4. Thereturn line 10 is also provided with adelivery valve 13, which is installed downstream of thepressure control valve 12. Thedelivery valve 13 is a check valve, which is arranged to open when the pressure in thereturn line 10 between thepressure control valve 12 and thedelivery valve 13 exceeds a certain limit value and close when the pressure decreases below this limit value. Thefuel line 4 is provided with apressure sensor 14 for measuring fuel pressure in thefuel line 4. Thepressure sensor 14 is installed downstream of the branching point of thereturn line 10. - The
fuel injection system 1 is provided with acontrol unit 29, which is configured to control thepressure control valves 12. The measurement data of thepressure sensors 14 offuel lines 4 are transmitted to thecontrol unit 29. Thepressure control valves 12 can be controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) control, in which the control signal of the actuator of thepressure control valve 12 is produced by PWM technique. In PWM the average value of control voltage (or current) fed to the actuator is controlled by turning the switch between supply and the actuator on and off at a fast pace. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the power supplied to the actuator is. Alternatively, other control techniques can be used as well. - The control can be based on a closed loop or an open loop control. In the closed loop control the
control unit 29 controls the operation thepressure control valve 12 based on the pressure measurement of thepressure sensor 14. The control can be based on the measurement of the maximum pressure in thefuel line 4 during the injection event. Thecontrol unit 29 compares the measured pressure value width a reference value and controls thepressure control valve 12 so that the measured pressure value approaches the reference value. - In the open loop control the
control unit 29 is provided with a fuel pressure matrix which defines the reference values for the fuel pressure in thefuel line 4 and the correspondingpressure control valve 12 position. Thecontrol unit 29 is configured to control thepressure control valve 12 based on the reference values of the fuel pressure value matrix. - Both in the closed and open loop control the reference values for the fuel pressure are dependent on the engine control strategy. The reference values can be defined as a parameter of, for example, a certain engine speed and/or load or emission level.
- The operation of the
fuel injection pump 3 is described in more detail in the following. As the engine runs, thecamshaft 9 and thecam 8 rotate about therotation axis 28 of the camshaft. Fuel is fed by thepump 20 from thefuel tank 11 into theinlet chamber 18. When theplunger 7 is in its bottom dead centre, fuel flows from theinlet chamber 18 via thefuel port 21 into the fuel chamber 6. Theplunger 7 starts to move upwards, i.e. towards the top dead centre in the fuel chamber 6. Thefirst control edge 23 covers the opening of thefuel port 21. Thereafter, theupwards moving plunger 7 pressurizes the fuel in the fuel chamber 6. Fuel flows through theoutlet port 15 and themain flow valve 16 into thefuel line 4 and thefuel injector 2, when the fuel pressure in the fuel chamber 6 exceeds the opening pressure of themain flow valve 16. Thecontrol unit 29 controls thepressure control valve 12 so that the fuel pressure in thefuel line 4 can be adjusted. When thepressure control valve 12 is open, part of the fuel flows from thefuel line 4 through thepressure control valve 12 and thedelivery valve 13 to thefuel tank 11. - In the closed loop control, the fuel pressure in the
fuel line 4 measured by thepressure sensor 14. Thecontrol unit 29 compares the measured pressure value with a reference value and controls thepressure control valve 12 so that the measured pressure value in thefuel line 4 approaches the reference value. In the open loop control thecontrol unit 29 controls thepressure control valve 12 on the basis on the reference values of the fuel pressure value matrix. - The fuel flow into the
fuel line 4 and thefuel injector 2 continues until thesecond control edge 24 of theplunger 7 reaches the opening of thefuel port 21 and uncovers the opening. Thus the fuel pressure in the fuel chamber 6 is released via thelongitudinal groove 26 on the side of theplunger 7 and thefuel port 21 into theinlet chamber 18. Themain flow valve 16 and thedelivery valve 13 close. - The
plunger 7 reaches its top dead centre and subsequently starts to move down-wards in the fuel chamber 6. Thesecond control edge 24 again covers the opening of thefuel port 21. Near the bottom dead centre thefirst control edge 23 reaches the opening of thefuel port 21 and uncovers the opening, and fuel flows via thefuel port 21 into the fuel chamber 6. Theplunger 7 reaches its bottom dead centre and stays there for a while, whereby fuel flows into thefuel chamber 18 via thefuel port 21. - As the
plunger 7 is rotated about itslongitudinal axis 25, the location of thesecond control edge 24 changes in relation to the opening of thefuel port 21. Thus, thesecond control edge 24 of the plunger moving towards its top dead centre reaches the opening of thefuel port 21 earlier or later, and the fuel injection correspondingly ends earlier or later. Thus, the ending moment of the fuel injection can be retarded or advanced. The duration of the fuel injection can be changed by rotating theplunger 7 about itslongitudinal axis 25.
Claims (9)
- A fuel injection system (1) for a reciprocating engine, comprising:- fuel injectors (2) for injecting fuel into engine cylinders,- injection pumps (3) for feeding fuel to the injectors (2), each injection pump (3) comprising at least one pump element (5) for pressurizing fuel to be injected, wherein the fuel injection system is provided with a pump element (5) for each fuel injector (2) of the system and each injector (2) is connected to its respective pump element (5) by means of a fuel line (4),
characterized in that a return line (10) is connected to the fuel line (4), which return line (10) is provided with a pressure control valve (12) for controlling fuel pressure in the fuel line (4), and that the fuel injection system (1) is provided with a control unit (29), which is configured to control the pressure control valve (12). - The fuel injection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel line (4) is provided with pressure sensor (14) for measuring fuel pressure in the fuel line (4).
- The fuel injection system according to claim 2, characterized in that control unit (29) is configured to control the pressure control valve (12) based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor (14).
- The fuel injection system according to claim 3, characterized in that the control unit (29) is arranged to compare the measured pressure value with a reference value and to control the pressure control valve (12) so that the measured pressure value approaches the reference value.
- The fuel injection system according to claim 3, characterized in that the control unit (29) is provided with a fuel pressure value matrix defining reference values for the fuel pressure in the fuel line (4), and that the control system (29) is configured to control the pressure control valve (12) based on the reference values.
- The fuel injection system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the return line (10) is provided with a delivery valve (13) installed downstream of the pressure control valve (12), which delivery valve (13) is a check valve that is arranged to open when the pressure in the return line (10) exceeds a certain limit.
- The fuel injection system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure control valve (12) is controlled by pulse width modulation control.
- The fuel injection system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pump element (5) of the fuel pump comprises a fuel chamber (6) and a reciprocating plunger (7) arranged in the fuel chamber (6), an fuel port (21) and an outlet port (15) for fuel arranged in fluid communication with the fuel chamber (6).
- The fuel injection system according to claim 8, characterized in that the plunger (7) comprises a first control edge (23) determining the starting moment of the fuel injection and a second control edge (24) determining the ending moment of the fuel injection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20115649A FI123271B (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Fuel injection systems |
PCT/FI2012/050624 WO2012175800A2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-15 | Fuel injection system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2724013A2 EP2724013A2 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
EP2724013B1 true EP2724013B1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=44206858
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12743197.1A Active EP2724013B1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-15 | Fuel injection system |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2724013B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101781791B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103620199B (en) |
FI (1) | FI123271B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012175800A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3032091B1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2019-03-20 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Fuel injection arrangement |
EP3032086A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-15 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Fuel injection arrangement |
DE102018208901A1 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Water injection device for an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3304755B2 (en) * | 1996-04-17 | 2002-07-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Fuel injection device |
KR100612784B1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2006-08-17 | 가부시키가이샤 덴소 | Accumulator injection system |
DE10237586A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection installation for IC engine, such as diesel engine with high pressure pump for fuel delivery to buffer container, whose piston is driven from engine camshaft |
JP2005146882A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-06-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine |
JP4432610B2 (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2010-03-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel supply device for internal combustion engine |
DE102006040441B3 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-02-21 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for identifying opening of passive pressure limiting valve, involves supplying fuel from common-rail system in fuel tank, where load shedding is identified |
JP4318266B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2009-08-19 | エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・フィリアル・アフ・エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・エスイー・ティスクランド | Cam-driven fuel injection system for large two-cycle diesel engines |
DE102009031527B3 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2010-11-18 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for controlling and regulating an internal combustion engine |
DE102009051390B4 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2015-10-22 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for controlling and regulating an internal combustion engine |
-
2011
- 2011-06-23 FI FI20115649A patent/FI123271B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-06-15 CN CN201280030920.7A patent/CN103620199B/en active Active
- 2012-06-15 KR KR1020147001644A patent/KR101781791B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-06-15 EP EP12743197.1A patent/EP2724013B1/en active Active
- 2012-06-15 WO PCT/FI2012/050624 patent/WO2012175800A2/en active Search and Examination
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI20115649A (en) | 2012-12-24 |
KR101781791B1 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
WO2012175800A2 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
FI123271B (en) | 2013-01-31 |
CN103620199A (en) | 2014-03-05 |
CN103620199B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
FI20115649A0 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
KR20140043127A (en) | 2014-04-08 |
WO2012175800A3 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
EP2724013A2 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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