EP2721242A2 - Trepan rotatif bi-centre et procede pour l'appofondissement d'un puits preexistant - Google Patents
Trepan rotatif bi-centre et procede pour l'appofondissement d'un puits preexistantInfo
- Publication number
- EP2721242A2 EP2721242A2 EP12732786.4A EP12732786A EP2721242A2 EP 2721242 A2 EP2721242 A2 EP 2721242A2 EP 12732786 A EP12732786 A EP 12732786A EP 2721242 A2 EP2721242 A2 EP 2721242A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- pilot
- blades
- pilot tool
- bit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 ores Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000425571 Trepanes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017566 Cu-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017871 Cu—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/265—Bi-center drill bits, i.e. an integral bit and eccentric reamer used to simultaneously drill and underream the hole
Definitions
- the invention relates to rotary bits, especially to bits for drilling wells in fluid deposits such as oil or natural gas.
- the invention more particularly relates to a rotary bit of the bi-center type comprising a pilot tool followed by a widening tool.
- Drill bits are drill tools that are attached to the end of a drill string to drill a well to a useful underground deposit, such as a deposit of oil, gas, water, ore. or coal.
- the drill string is supported by a tower located on the surface.
- a drilling mud is generally injected into the drill string to exit through the bit and back to the surface by the annular space formed between the drill string and the well being drilled.
- the function of the drilling mud is to cool the drill bit and to remove debris from the borehole to the surface.
- Bi-center rotary bits are well known in drilling technology, where they are used for drilling large diameter wells or for deepening while widening pre-existing wells.
- These known drill bits described in particular in US 5 678 644 and US 2002/0104688 comprise a pilot tool, followed by an expanding tool, these two tools forming a rigid unitary assembly.
- the pilot tool comprises a body of revolution with an axial core carrying, at one end, radial and frontal blades provided with cutting elements and, at the other end, a threaded end to fix it to the drill string.
- the expanding tool is inserted between the pilot tool and the threaded end. It includes a body with cutting elements on only a portion of its periphery, so that it is asymmetrical, its cutting elements acting in the manner of a bur to expand the well being drilled, behind the pilot tool .
- the invention aims to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of known drills described above.
- the object of the invention is more particularly to provide a rotary bit of the bi-center type, of a new design, capable of preventing unbalance of the bit.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a bi-center type drill bit whose efficiency is improved and which allows a high precision drilling.
- a further object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the bi-center type rotary bits by allowing higher drilling speeds.
- the invention also aims to enhance the accuracy of the geological analysis of the massif during drilling.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a bi-center bit which is specially adapted for use in a pre-existing well to deepen it, especially a well whose diameter is substantially equal to the greatest transverse dimension of the tool. bit enlarger.
- the invention relates to a bi-center rotary bit for drilling wells, comprising, on the one hand, a pilot tool comprising a body of revolution with an axial core and radial blades carrying cutting elements and, on the other hand, an expanding tool placed behind the pilot tool and offset laterally thereto;
- the bit is characterized in that the front face of the pilot tool has an axial central zone which is devoid of cutting elements to allow the formation of an axial core, said central zone being in communication with a cavity located between two blades of the pilot tool and used to evacuate the core towards the periphery of the bit.
- 'back', 'front', 'behind', 'front' and 'posterior' are defined with respect to the direction of bit progression in a well being drilled. Because of this definition, the pilot tool is located in front of the expanding tool and the front face of the pilot tool is the face of it which faces the face of size.
- bit according to the invention is of the type described in US 5,678,644.
- the pilot tool includes a body of revolution provided with sharp elements.
- the body of revolution comprises an axial core whose rear portion is arranged to be attached to a drill string coupled to a motor. Fixing the core to the drill string is usually performed via a threaded end formed on the rear face of the core.
- a plurality of radial blades are approximately evenly distributed around the periphery of the core and carry the cutting elements.
- the constitutive material of the core and blades is not critical for the definition of the invention. It can be steel, tungsten carbide or abrasive diamond impregnated material.
- the cutting elements are not critical for the definition of the invention and may be any cutting elements commonly used in rotary bits. They may in particular be PDC cutting elements or infiltrated abrasive elements.
- the cutting elements PDC (abbreviation of the English expression "Polycrystalline Diamond Compacts”) are well known in the sector of mining drilling. They comprise a polycrystalline diamond pellet on a cemented tungsten carbide substrate and are usually obtained by compressing a mixed diamond and cobalt powder on the tungsten carbide substrate.
- the infiltrated abrasive elements are also well known in mining drilling technique and are usually obtained by mixing a diamond powder (optionally added with a metal carbide powder, for example tungsten carbide) with a powder of a fusible binder (for example). a Cu-Mn solder) and subjecting the mixture thus produced to compacting followed by sintering. Information on this technique is available in US 2002 / 0125048A1.
- the expanding tool is offset laterally relative to the pilot tool (transversely to the axis of the pilot tool), so that a portion of its lateral peripheral surface is projecting from the peripheral surface of the pilot tool. pilot tool.
- the peripheral surface of the pilot tool is, by definition, the surface of it that faces the wall of the well being drilled.
- the peripheral surface of the expanding tool is the surface thereof, which faces the wall of the well during drilling.
- the aforesaid portion projecting from the peripheral surface of the expanding tool is moved away from the axis of rotation of the bit by a distance greater than the maximum radius of the pilot tool (the axis of rotation of the bit being coincident with the axis of symmetry of the pilot tool). Subsequently, the aforesaid portion of the peripheral surface of the expanding tool will be designated 'enlarged part'.
- the expanding tool is located behind the pilot tool. It has, on its enlarged part above, sharp elements.
- the constituent material of the expanding tool, its profile and the cutting elements that equip it are not critical for the definition of the invention. It is generally preferred that the expanding tool comprises a core and radial blades in its enlarged portion, said blades carrying the cutting elements.
- the core and blades may be steel, the cutting elements being PDC cutting elements.
- the expanding tool and the pilot tool form a rigid composite assembly, substantially indeformable.
- Both of these tools may include a single tool body carrying the cutting elements.
- they may be formed of the indeformable assembly of two separate tool bodies (a body for the pilot tool and a body for the expanding tool).
- the core and the blades of the pilot tool and the expanding tool are of steel and that their respective cutting elements are PDC cutting elements.
- a portion of the PDC cutting elements may be replaced by diamond abrasive elements infiltrated.
- the pilot tool and at least the enlarged portion of the expanding tool may be of infiltrated metal carbide, as is well known in the art of oil drilling tools.
- the blades of the pilot tool extend on the lateral face of the tool body.
- the blades of the pilot tool extend on the front face thereof, while leaving there a central axial zone, lacking blades and cutting elements. This results in the formation of an axial core during drilling.
- said central axial zone of the pilot tool is in communication with a cavity located between two blades of the pilot tool.
- This cavity serves to ensure the evacuation of the core to the periphery of the bit, then in the annular zone defined behind the bit, between the drill string and the wall of the well being drilled.
- said cavity is delimited by two lateral surfaces and a clearance surface located at a distance from the front face of the tool. These two lateral surfaces can advantageously be two successive blades of the pilot tool. Additional information concerning the two characteristics of the invention defined above are accessible in document WO 2008/149240 (TOTAL SA).
- the pilot tool comprises a device for breaking the core.
- This breaking device has the function of breaking the core at regular intervals so as to obtain the most regular fragments possible.
- the rupture device may for example comprise an abrasion-resistant pellet disposed in the aforementioned cavity of the pilot tool. This pellet may for example be a PDC cutting element or a pellet into an infiltrated abrasive element.
- the core stabilizes the bit, exerting a counter-reaction to the lateral forces resulting from the dissymmetry of the expanding tool.
- the core thus opposes a lateral deviation of the pilot tool.
- the diameter of the aforementioned central zone of the pilot tool determines the diameter of the core. It must be calculated so that the core base withstands the lateral forces generated by the expanding tool during normal use of the bit and prevents lateral movement of the pilot tool. The selection of this diameter will depend on various parameters, among which include the dimensions of the bit, the type of cutting elements that equip it and the geological nature of the rock in which the well is drilled. (illustrative, non-exhaustive list). It must be determined in each particular case by those skilled in the art.
- a portion of the peripheral surface of the expanding tool is radially recessed relative to the peripheral surface of the pilot tool; in this embodiment, the cavity of the pilot tool, used for the removal of the core, opens into this recessed portion of the expanding tool. This embodiment facilitates the removal of carrot debris and their transfer behind the bit.
- the blades of the pilot tool are spiral. This embodiment of the invention facilitates the removal of debris from the core.
- the expanding tool comprises blades, which are spiral and arranged in the extension of the blades of the pilot tool. This variant of the invention improves the removal of debris from the core behind the bit.
- the drill bit further comprises, in well known manner in known drill bits, drilling mud feed channels. These channels open through the front face of the pilot tool, between its blades and they communicate with an axial channel opening into an internal conduit of the drill string.
- drilling mud feed channels open through the front face of the pilot tool, between its blades and they communicate with an axial channel opening into an internal conduit of the drill string.
- the drill bit according to the invention takes advantage of the fact that it combines an expanding tool and a core forming area.
- the widening tool also makes it possible to produce large-diameter cores, which has the advantageous consequence of allowing greater drilling speeds and better geological analysis of the rock.
- the drill bit according to the invention finds applications for drilling all types of wells for various applications. It is especially suitable for drilling artesian wells or deep wells in coal, ore, oil or gas deposits.
- the drill bit according to the invention finds a particularly advantageous application for deepening pre-existing wells and in particular drilling in mortar plugs at the bottom thereof.
- a trephine is selected which is introduced substantially exactly into the pre-existing well (usually cased).
- the overall diameter of the bit enlarging tool is substantially equal to the diameter of the well.
- the diameter of the aforementioned central zone of the pilot tool is at least equal to the difference between the overall diameter of the expanding tool and the diameter of the pilot tool.
- the overall diameter of the expanding tool is, by definition, its largest dimension transverse to the axis of rotation of the pilot tool.
- the invention therefore also relates to a method for deepening pre-existing wells implementing a bi-center bit according to the invention.
- the invention particularly relates to such a method in which the radius of the central zone of the bit pilot tool is at least equal to the difference between the radius of the well and the radius of the pilot tool.
- Figure 1 is an elevational view of an embodiment of the bit according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a front view of the bit of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is an elevational view of another embodiment of the bit according to the invention;
- Figure 4 is a front view of the bit of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 shows a bi-center drill bit in a well being deepened
- Figure 6 is a front view of a particular embodiment of the bit according to the invention.
- the bit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 associates, on a unitary body, a pilot tool 1 and a finishing tool 2.
- the pilot tool 1 is of revolution. It comprises an axial core 3 made of steel and radial blades 4 made of steel.
- the radial blades 4 carry cutting elements 5 at their periphery.
- the cutting elements 5 are advantageously cutting elements in PDC.
- the expanding tool 2 comprises a core 6 made of steel, extending the core 3 of the pilot tool 1.
- the core 6 carries radial blades 7 of steel on a part of its periphery, the remaining part 9 of its periphery being in the extension of the core 3 of the pilot tool 1.
- the radial blades 7 carry cutting elements 8 PDC.
- the blades 7 of the expanding tool are offset laterally relative to the pilot tool 1, so that their cutting elements 8 project from the peripheral surface of the pilot tool 1.
- the portion 9 of the expanding tool 2 is set back relative to the periphery of the pilot tool 1.
- the core 6 is extended by a threaded end 17 to attach it to the drill string, not shown.
- the drilling mud supply channels 16 open out between the blades (7) of the drill pipe. widening tool 2.
- the blades 4 of the pilot tool are interrupted in the anterior central area 11 of this tool.
- This central zone 11 is centered on the axis of the bit (coincides with the axis of the pilot tool), so that, during the drilling of the well, a cylindrical rock core 12 is formed.
- the pilot tool 1 further comprises a cavity 13 for the discharge of the core 12. This cavity 13 is delimited between two blades 4 and an inclined clearance surface 14, which opens in front of the portion 9 of the core 6 of the tool expander 2.
- the bit is rotated in the direction of the arrow X ( Figure 2) and is moved axially in the direction of the arrow Y ( Figure 1) through a rock formation.
- the pilot tool 1 digs the well that the expanding tool then widens.
- Carrot 12 which is formed in the anterior central zone 11 of the pilot tool 1 keeps the bit assembly in the axis of the well being excavated, despite the lateral forces generated by the expanding tool 2.
- the core 12 is deflected laterally on the clearance surface 14 of the cavity 13 where it breaks and its debris 15 are discharged to the mouth of the well by the drilling fluid.
- a pellet (not shown) resistant to abrasion is disposed in the cavity 13, to break the core 12 as it is formed. This pellet may for example be a PDC pellet.
- the blades 4 of the pilot tool 1 are spiral.
- the radial blades 7 of the expanding tool 2 are rectilinear. Alternatively, they could be spiral in the same direction as the blades 4 of the pilot tool 1.
- FIG. 5 a preexisting well has been schematized, into which a bi-center bit has been introduced, in order to extend said well.
- the well shown in axial section, is cased with a metal tube 18.
- the bit is dimensioned and positioned so that the overall diameter of its expanding tool 2 is substantially equal to the diameter of the well.
- the bit being thus positioned in the well, its axis 19 (axis of symmetry of the pilot tool and the threaded end 17) is offset relative to the axis 20 of the well.
- the bit is subjected to an epicyclic movement.
- the central zone 11 of the pilot tool is delimited by a circle which is centered on the axis 19 and whose radius is equal to the distance separating the two axes 19 and 20. Its radius is substantially equal to the difference between the radius of the well 18 and the radius of the pilot tool 1.
- FIG. 6 shows the circular central zone 11 of the bit of FIG. 5. This central zone 11 is delimited between the axis 19 of the bit and the axis 20 of the well 18.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE2011/0371A BE1020012A3 (fr) | 2011-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Trepan rotatif bi-centre et procede pour l'approfondissement d'un puits preexistant. |
PCT/EP2012/002510 WO2012171643A2 (fr) | 2011-06-16 | 2012-06-14 | Trepan rotatif bi-centre et procede pour l'appofondissement d'un puits preexistant |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2721242A2 true EP2721242A2 (fr) | 2014-04-23 |
EP2721242B1 EP2721242B1 (fr) | 2016-01-20 |
Family
ID=45478608
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12732786.4A Active EP2721242B1 (fr) | 2011-06-16 | 2012-06-14 | Trepan rotatif bi-centre et procede pour l'approfondissement d'un puits preexistant |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140131111A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2721242B1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1020012A3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012171643A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8851205B1 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2014-10-07 | Hard Rock Solutions, Llc | Method and apparatus for reaming well bore surfaces nearer the center of drift |
WO2013052554A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-03 | 2013-04-11 | Isenhour James D | Système de conditionnement de puits de forage |
CN104850671B (zh) * | 2014-02-18 | 2017-03-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 岩心复杂孔道的网格剖分方法 |
US10024105B2 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2018-07-17 | Radius Hdd Direct, Llc | Rock bit |
US10492107B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-11-26 | Ofinno, Llc | SPS configuration during handover |
USD877780S1 (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2020-03-10 | XR Lateral, LLC | Directional drilling assembly |
USD863919S1 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2019-10-22 | XR Lateral, LLC | Directional drilling assembly |
CA3075388A1 (fr) | 2017-09-09 | 2019-03-14 | Extreme Technologies, Llc | Conditionneur et stabilisateur de puits de forage |
CA3078957A1 (fr) | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-18 | Extreme Technologies, Llc | Systemes et dispositifs d'alesage de trou de sonde |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2165730A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-21 | Michael G. Azar | Foret a diamant polycristallin, a auto-centrage |
US5678644A (en) | 1995-08-15 | 1997-10-21 | Diamond Products International, Inc. | Bi-center and bit method for enhancing stability |
US6039131A (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 2000-03-21 | Smith International, Inc. | Directional drift and drill PDC drill bit |
US6659207B2 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2003-12-09 | Smith International, Inc. | Bi-centered drill bit having enhanced casing drill-out capability and improved directional stability |
US6394202B2 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2002-05-28 | Smith International, Inc. | Drill bit having diamond impregnated inserts primary cutting structure |
US6394200B1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2002-05-28 | Camco International (U.K.) Limited | Drillout bi-center bit |
FR2915232B1 (fr) * | 2007-04-23 | 2009-06-05 | Total Sa | Trepan pour le forage d'un puits et procede de forage associe. |
-
2011
- 2011-06-16 BE BE2011/0371A patent/BE1020012A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-06-14 EP EP12732786.4A patent/EP2721242B1/fr active Active
- 2012-06-14 WO PCT/EP2012/002510 patent/WO2012171643A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-06-14 US US14/125,413 patent/US20140131111A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012171643A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140131111A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
BE1020012A3 (fr) | 2013-03-05 |
EP2721242B1 (fr) | 2016-01-20 |
WO2012171643A3 (fr) | 2013-07-18 |
WO2012171643A2 (fr) | 2012-12-20 |
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