EP2719978A1 - Verfahren zur Regelung eines Haushaltskältegerät - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Regelung eines Haushaltskältegerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2719978A1
EP2719978A1 EP12188551.1A EP12188551A EP2719978A1 EP 2719978 A1 EP2719978 A1 EP 2719978A1 EP 12188551 A EP12188551 A EP 12188551A EP 2719978 A1 EP2719978 A1 EP 2719978A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
heat exchanger
cavity
refrigeration appliance
defrost
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12188551.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2719978B1 (de
Inventor
Matteo Luciano Vanelli
Francesco Del Bello
Mariagrazia D'Auria
Jutta Ziermaier
Paolo Sicher
Davide Guatta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Whirlpool Corp
Original Assignee
Whirlpool Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Whirlpool Corp filed Critical Whirlpool Corp
Priority to EP12188551.1A priority Critical patent/EP2719978B1/de
Priority to PL12188551T priority patent/PL2719978T3/pl
Publication of EP2719978A1 publication Critical patent/EP2719978A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2719978B1 publication Critical patent/EP2719978B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/02—Detecting the presence of frost or condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/10—Sensors measuring the temperature of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F25D2700/121—Sensors measuring the inside temperature of particular compartments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling a domestic refrigeration appliance comprising a heat exchanger, a first temperature sensor placed in a cavity of the refrigeration appliance and a second temperature sensor placed on or in the proximity of the heat exchanger.
  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration appliance as well.
  • refrigeration appliance we mean every kind of refrigerator which has one or more cavities for food conservation. It includes either refrigerators having only one cavity (fresh food refrigerator or freezer) or refrigerators having multiple cavities and multiple evaporators, either direct cool or no frost. It also includes refrigerators using electrovalves for controlling the working of evaporators, particularly when two or more evaporators (sued for different cavities) are placed in series.
  • Refrigerator cavity when provided with dedicated evaporator, needs to be defrosted during operating cycles in order to prevent from frost built-up (especially over the evaporator, causing a decay in refrigeration performances).
  • frost built-up especially over the evaporator, causing a decay in refrigeration performances.
  • Such operation requires the entire amount of frost and ice present in the cavity to melt and collect in a dedicated water tray, typically located outside the appliance.
  • the cooling circuit of the refrigerator has to be kept OFF and therefore temperature in the cavity rises up. If the melting phase lasts for a long time, that causes a reduction in food preservation performance (temperature increase with growth of bacterial activity and food degradation).
  • each temperature rise-up phase is followed by an over-cooling phase. If, during the over-cooling phase, temperature in the cavity falls down below 0°C, ice crystal formation within food stuff can cause tissue damage and juice loss.
  • the end of the defrost phase is typically determined by using the measure of one or more temperature probes.
  • One solution is to measure the evaporator temperature (by mean of a probe attached on its surface, in its colder point) and let the cooling circuit to switch ON only when the temperature has overcome a pre-determined threshold. This is shown in figure 1 which refers to a fresh food compartment with a set temperature of about 8°C and an amplitude of the cavity temperature oscillation of 3,7°C.
  • evaporator temperature measured by a probe has to reach a threshold value in order to guarantee a proper defrost of the evaporator. If the threshold is a constant value, the lower is the temperature set-point (selected by user), the higher are the temperature fluctuations in the cavity.
  • this known method doesn't allow good performances in terms of temperature set-point following, it is not responsive to different operating conditions and it is unable to manage the effects of different actuators in the refrigeration circuit (compressor, electrovalve, fans) in order to obtain best energy performances.
  • defrost need is usually determined in open loop as well, with a temperature probe or a bimetal attached on the evaporator to evaluate the end of the defrosting phase.
  • Feedback from doors opening sensors can be provided in the known control method, to apply correction to the pre-determined time-span between two defrost phases.
  • US 6715304 discloses a method for assessing the defrost delay time on the basis of the load, such load being assessed from the load of the evaporator fan.
  • KR 2011007334 discloses an integration of time during the normal working of the refrigerator, but only for assessing the duration of defrost period.
  • Another object according to the invention is to provide a refrigeration appliance with improved performances either in terms of low energy consumption and better food preservation.
  • One of the main features according to the invention is the adoption of a closed loop criteria to evaluate when a defrost phase in refrigerator or freezer compartment is really required by frost formation. It can be applied to each refrigerating appliance, irrespective of the type of cooling circuit which is dedicated to remove heat from the cavity (i.e.: vapor compressor circuit with any type of compressor, magnetic refrigerator, Stirling cycles, thermoelectric cooling devices, etc.).
  • the only condition required is that at least two temperatures probes shall be present, one located on the heat exchanger device (hereinafter referred to as "evaporator", even if it can be replaced by different types of heat exchangers, depending on the cooling technology) and one located within the refrigerated compartment.
  • Defrost_counter ⁇ 0 t T RC - T RC evap
  • T RC is the temperature measured in the cavity and T RC evap is the temperature of the evaporator.
  • Defrost_counter is measured in degree Celsius multiplied by second.
  • Defrost_max_counter a pre-determined threshold value, hereinafter referred to as "Defrost_max_counter”. Once Defrost_counter is higher than Defrost_max_counter, there is evidence of frost accumulation over the heat exchanger and a defrost cycle is performed. Different defrosting methods are feasible: natural convection of air at a temperature over than 0°C on the evaporator, active removal of ice by mechanical methods, melting of frost by usage of various heaters (electrical, heat loops, etc.).
  • the threshold Defrost_max_counter has to be calibrated considering the particular appliance and the typical operating conditions, in order to grant that, once it is reached, the maximum amount of frost without any significant decay in performance has been accumulated on the heat exchanger surface.
  • the relationship between the integral over the selected time-span (corresponding to the period in which the maximum amount of frost affordable has been accumulated over the heat exchanger) of the difference between the temperature of the cavity and the temperature of the evaporator is proportional to the average of the cooling capacity provided to the appliance in the same period.
  • the refrigerator 10 comprises a cooling circuit 14 having a compressor 14a, a condenser 14b and an evaporator 14c. It further comprises a control process unit 16 connected to the compressor 14a and to temperature sensors, particularly a temperature sensor 18 in the cavity 12 and a temperature sensor 20 on the evaporator 14c.
  • the control process unit can be also linked to different sensors or actuators as well.
  • FIG 3 shows an experimental diagram of how temperatures of the sensor 18 and sensor 14c change over time.
  • the amplitude of the temperature oscillation within the fresh food compartment is around 0,1°C (set point of 8°C). This is mainly due to the fact that control is free to enable evaporator cooling phase even if temperature measured by the probe 20 is below the threshold value.
  • Figure 5 shows the integral of the difference between the above temperatures vs. time.
  • the control process unit 16 is designed for measuring Defrost_counter, i.e. the integral of the temperature difference between the values given by sensor 18 and sensor 20, giving an indication of the real thermal load absorbed by the evaporator 14c, providing an useful estimation of the frost amount over it. It is measured in degree Celsius multiplied by second, and indirectly provides a feedback about the time distance between two subsequent defrost: next defrost should happen when the estimated ice formation overcomes a defined threshold value Defrost_counter_max. That can be a single fixed value or it can be adaptive, changing between one minimum value and one maximum value.
  • Defrost_counter_max is fixed and corresponds to the measured value of Defrost_counter after 72 hours in energy consumption test conditions.
  • This time-span is determined by the present normative as the maximum duration of an energy consumption test in no-frost appliances, where the start and stop of the test phase are identified by two defrost phases. Reaching this condition, in standard working mode, allows reaching the best performance level.
  • Defrost_counter_max ⁇ 0 72 ⁇ h T RC - T RC evap
  • Figure 4 shows how the temperature of the evaporator varies when the condition to carry out defrost is reached, i.e. evaporator temperature is allowed to reach a value (4,5°C in the example) which guarantees a complete melting of frost.
  • Defrost_counter_max can be adaptive. In this case, it is required to provide a calibration law, thanks to which it is possible to adapt the maximum distance between two subsequent defrost to several operating conditions. By consequence, additional input parameters are required by control algorithm, in order to assess how to change the value of Defrost_counter_max: they can be represented by time counters (compressor ON phase, electrovalve ON phase, time between two compressor ON phases, etc.) or temperature measures, as well as by electrical values (power absorption, etc.).
  • the need of a defrost cycle is assessed in close loop, basing on frost formation estimation.
  • the differences compared to standard open loop method can be less significant, especially in case of no frost appliances, where defrost already occurs every 72 hours. Differences compared with actual solutions are more evident in case of direct cooled evaporators, where defrost is usually performed every single compressor ON/OFF cycle, particularly when used in fresh food compartment.
  • the possibility to have a feedback in closed loop allows reacting in more reliable way to any external noise or action, performing defrost only when amount of ice is over the acceptable limit: differences with actual technical solutions are much more visible during operating conditions, when customer usage involves door openings, temperature setting variation, hot food insertion and sudden changes in thermal load.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
EP12188551.1A 2012-10-15 2012-10-15 Verfahren zur Regelung eines Haushaltskältegerät Not-in-force EP2719978B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12188551.1A EP2719978B1 (de) 2012-10-15 2012-10-15 Verfahren zur Regelung eines Haushaltskältegerät
PL12188551T PL2719978T3 (pl) 2012-10-15 2012-10-15 Sposób sterowania domowym urządzeniem chłodniczym

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12188551.1A EP2719978B1 (de) 2012-10-15 2012-10-15 Verfahren zur Regelung eines Haushaltskältegerät

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2719978A1 true EP2719978A1 (de) 2014-04-16
EP2719978B1 EP2719978B1 (de) 2015-06-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP12188551.1A Not-in-force EP2719978B1 (de) 2012-10-15 2012-10-15 Verfahren zur Regelung eines Haushaltskältegerät

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EP (1) EP2719978B1 (de)
PL (1) PL2719978T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104457106A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-25 海信（山东）冰箱有限公司 一种直冷冰箱的除霜方法及直冷冰箱
DK178891B1 (en) * 2012-10-08 2017-05-01 Dixell S R L Control system for refrigerated equipment and apparatus with advanced energy saving features
EP4400787A1 (de) 2023-01-12 2024-07-17 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Bestimmen eines abtauzeitpunkts eines verdampfers eines haushalts-kältegeräts

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2085868A (en) * 1933-11-14 1937-07-06 Servel Inc Refrigerating apparatus and method of operation thereof
GB2133867A (en) * 1983-01-21 1984-08-01 Newtech Controls Ltd Defrost control means
EP0285690A1 (de) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-12 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur temperaturabhängigen Bedarfsabtauung von Kühlanlagen
WO2002035165A1 (de) * 2000-10-27 2002-05-02 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät mit abtau-automatik
US6715304B1 (en) 2002-12-05 2004-04-06 Lyman W. Wycoff Universal refrigerant controller
GB2456744A (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-07-29 Ebac Ltd Auto-defrost refrigeration apparatus
KR20110007334A (ko) 2009-07-16 2011-01-24 위니아만도 주식회사 냉장고 제상방법

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2085868A (en) * 1933-11-14 1937-07-06 Servel Inc Refrigerating apparatus and method of operation thereof
GB2133867A (en) * 1983-01-21 1984-08-01 Newtech Controls Ltd Defrost control means
EP0285690A1 (de) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-12 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur temperaturabhängigen Bedarfsabtauung von Kühlanlagen
WO2002035165A1 (de) * 2000-10-27 2002-05-02 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät mit abtau-automatik
US6715304B1 (en) 2002-12-05 2004-04-06 Lyman W. Wycoff Universal refrigerant controller
GB2456744A (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-07-29 Ebac Ltd Auto-defrost refrigeration apparatus
KR20110007334A (ko) 2009-07-16 2011-01-24 위니아만도 주식회사 냉장고 제상방법

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK178891B1 (en) * 2012-10-08 2017-05-01 Dixell S R L Control system for refrigerated equipment and apparatus with advanced energy saving features
CN104457106A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-25 海信（山东）冰箱有限公司 一种直冷冰箱的除霜方法及直冷冰箱
CN104457106B (zh) * 2014-11-10 2016-08-17 海信（山东）冰箱有限公司 一种直冷冰箱的除霜方法及直冷冰箱
EP4400787A1 (de) 2023-01-12 2024-07-17 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Bestimmen eines abtauzeitpunkts eines verdampfers eines haushalts-kältegeräts
DE102023200198A1 (de) 2023-01-12 2024-07-18 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Bestimmen eines Abtauzeitpunkts eines Verdampfers eines Haushalts-Kältegeräts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2719978T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
EP2719978B1 (de) 2015-06-17

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