EP2715744B1 - Process for manufacturing a hollow body for composite electrical insulators and hollow body obtained with such a process - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing a hollow body for composite electrical insulators and hollow body obtained with such a process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2715744B1
EP2715744B1 EP12731082.9A EP12731082A EP2715744B1 EP 2715744 B1 EP2715744 B1 EP 2715744B1 EP 12731082 A EP12731082 A EP 12731082A EP 2715744 B1 EP2715744 B1 EP 2715744B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow body
mandrel
winding
bell
central region
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EP12731082.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2715744A1 (en
Inventor
Michaël FRITSCH
Cyril LESTARQUIT
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MacLean Power France SAS
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MacLean Power France SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/56—Insulating bodies
    • H01B17/60—Composite insulating bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/36—Insulators having evacuated or gas-filled spaces

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing hollow bodies for composite electrical insulators, during which a first helical winding is performed on a mandrel with a longitudinal axis of at least one strip material.
  • the invention also relates to a hollow body for composite electrical insulator for very high, high and medium voltage, obtained by such a method.
  • composite electrical insulators for very high, medium and high voltage comprise a hollow body that can have a cylindrical, frustoconical, bi-frustoconical shape, a barrel shape or any other adapted form of revolution.
  • Metal reinforcements are provided at the ends of the hollow body and an elastomeric insulating envelope surrounds the hollow body forming fins.
  • These hollow bodies are used more particularly envelopes for electrical equipment, such as a capacitor or an oil-insulated transformer or a gas-insulated circuit breaker under a pressure of a few bars.
  • the hollow body of such a composite electrical insulator is generally made by helical winding of fibers or inorganic or organic son, such as glass fibers agglomerated with a synthetic resin capable of curing, for example epoxy resin.
  • the publication US 4,495,381 discloses a hollow composite electrical insulator obtained by helically winding, on a rotating mandrel, a fiber web having passed through a bath of liquid resin.
  • the helical winding is made in a first direction to obtain a first layer of fibers and, once the first end of the mandrel is reached, in a second opposite direction to obtain a second layer of fibers, inverted, wound on the first layer.
  • a third layer is made and so on until that the thickness of the desired wall is reached.
  • the resin is then cured to obtain the finished hollow body.
  • a composite electrical insulator hollow body thus delimits a gas chamber, generally a pressurized gas comprising for example SF6 gas.
  • the composite electrical insulator hollow body must therefore withstand the almost constant pressure of this gas but also any overpressure related to a malfunction, for example a fault on the terminals, inducing a point overpressure generating a shock wave.
  • the known composite electrical insulators are usually made of fiberglass composite materials coated with epoxy resin, a material known to be rather brittle. Attempts to manufacture a reliable epoxy resin insulation have led to relatively thick walls and thus to heavy insulators, difficult to handle during their manufacture, maintenance or repair. In addition, SF6 gas decomposition products can occur as a result of electric arcs generated during the power failure.
  • the document WO 2011/026 519 describes a composite insulator whose hollow body is made by helical winding to resist this type of mechanical and chemical stresses.
  • This hollow body comprises an undercoat obtained by helical winding of a polyester-based fabric provided under the helical winding layers of fiber web. This underlayer allows the insulator to better resist decomposition products and shock waves.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by providing a hollow body manufacturing method for composite electrical insulators generating less waste than known methods, easy to implement, compatible with the presence of an undercoat resistant to gas, allowing the manufacture of several hollow bodies for composite electrical insulators on the same mandrel and limiting the need to use intermediate flanges to seal the enclosure defined by the hollow body of the composite electrical insulator.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing hollow bodies for composite electrical insulators, during which a first helical winding is carried out on a longitudinal axis mandrel of at least one strip material, characterized in that that a mandrel comprising at least one at least partly spherical end shaped to produce a hollow body for a composite electrical isolator of "bell" type and at least one peripheral circular groove dividing in at least two parts the central zone separating the ends of the mandrel, this central zone being a cylinder of revolution, in that said first helical winding is carried out so as to constitute at least one hollow body for a composite electrical insulator of the "bell” type, and in that one cutting said first helical winding transversely to the longitudinal axis, following the peripheral groove to form at least two horns hollow ps for composite electrical insulators, at least one of which is of the "bell” type, and in that these two hollow bodies are axially spaced from one another to separate them from
  • helical winding any multi-turn helical winding comprising one or more layers, the layers being obtained by reversing the longitudinal displacement during the winding, in particular when the ends of the mandrel are reached.
  • bell-type insulator is understood to mean any insulator having a "bell-like” shape, this "bell-like” shape being conventional with inversion of curvature and flared edge, or comprising a spherical portion extended by a cylindrical portion. , or any other suitable form.
  • the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to simultaneously manufacture at least two insulators by limiting the amount of waste.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain isolators whose shape makes it possible to overcome the need to use an intermediate piece to ensure the tightness of the enclosure delimited by the hollow body of the insulator. .
  • a rotary mandrel is advantageously used.
  • a first helical winding of contiguous turns around said median zone separating the ends of said mandrel and around said end is made, at least partially covering said first helical winding.
  • non-contiguous turns are meant turns that do not tangent, which are spaced a few millimeters to several centimeters apart. Non-joined turns can also intersect. Joining turns are understood to mean turns which tangent or even overlap.
  • a second embodiment of the method according to the invention at least partly covers said end and the adjacent end of said median zone separating the ends of said mandrel by means of at least one envelope distinct from said strip, and thereafter, at least the edges of said envelope covering said adjacent end of said area are covered median by means of said helical winding for bonding said helical winding to said casing.
  • said end "tick” has a shape at least partly spherical extended towards said longitudinal axis by a substantially flat portion and substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis.
  • the invention also relates to a hollow body for composite electrical insulator, characterized in that it has a bell-like shape to constitute a composite electrical insulator of "bell" type, the top of said bell-like shape being traversed by an orifice, said bell-like shape comprising at least a substantially cylindrical "bell” portion of longitudinal axis revolution extended by a prolonged substantially spherical "bell” portion, at least within said shape of "bell” type, by a substantially flat portion of "bell” substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and surrounding said orifice, said portion of substantially flat "bell” being adapted to receive the support of an elastic seal surrounding said orifice.
  • the hollow body for isolator according to the invention thus makes it possible to dispense with an intermediate flange to ensure the tightness of the enclosure delimited by the hollow body.
  • Said substantially flat "bell" portion preferably has a surface state having a roughness Ra of less than 3.2 ⁇ m and preferably less than 0.8 ⁇ m.
  • the hollow body 2 for composite electrical insulators 1 obtained with the method according to the invention is said bell-shaped body type, the base of the "bell” being provided with a fastener 3 serving as a reinforcement for the anchoring of the hollow body 2.
  • the hollow body 2 is provided at its semi-spherical apex with a through hole 20.
  • the bell-like shape comprises a substantially cylindrical "bell" portion 21 of longitudinal axis Y extended by a portion of "bell" substantially spherical 22, flattened at the top, that is to say that the orifice 20 is located in a substantially flat "bell” portion 23 surrounding the orifice 20.
  • the orifice 20 has for example a diameter D0 about 140 mm. It is understood that this dimensional value as well as the following values are given for information only.
  • the substantially cylindrical "bell” portion 21 may have an outside diameter D1 of about 380 mm, an internal diameter D2 of about 340 mm and therefore a substantially constant thickness E1 of about 20 mm, and a length L1 of about 330 mm.
  • the substantially spherical "bell” portion 22 has, for example, an inner radius of curvature R1 of about 100 mm while maintaining the substantially constant thickness of 20 mm.
  • the substantially flat "bell" portion 21 is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Y and extends over a width L2 of about 25 mm to the orifice 20. This substantially flat "bell” portion 21 has a surface condition having a roughness Ra of less than 3.2 ⁇ m and preferably less than 0.8 ⁇ m.
  • this substantially flat "bell" portion 21 is adapted to receive, directly, the support of an elastic seal (not shown) surrounding the orifice 20 for sealingly closing the enclosure delimited by the inner surface of the hollow body 2 of the composite electrical insulator 1.
  • this composite electrical insulator 1 does not require an intermediate flange as is the case for composite electrical insulators substantially cylindrical or frustoconical known.
  • the hollow body 2 is made of glass fibers impregnated with epoxy resin, the internal face of the bell-like shape being able to be covered by a film 24, for example made of polyester, reinforcing the mechanical and chemical characteristics of the electrical insulator. composite 1 and thus allowing it to better withstand any operating shock wave and to form a barrier to any decomposition products of the gas, for example SF6 gas, which may be contained in the composite electrical insulator 1.
  • a film 24 for example made of polyester
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention described below makes it possible to produce any hollow body 2 for a composite electrical insulator 1 of the "bell" type comprising or not comprising, in an inner layer, a film 24 of polyester or any other suitable material. to strengthen the protection of the body hollow 2.
  • the fastener 3 is in the form of a substantially circular ring of a height H1 of about 75 mm, outer diameter D3 of about 465 mm and inner diameter D4 of about 340 mm.
  • This fastener 3 comprises a bore 30 with a peripheral inner boss 31 having a diameter D5 of about 380 mm, into which the cylindrical base of the hollow body 2 bears against the peripheral inner boss 31.
  • the workpiece fixing device 3 comprises an annular flange provided with fixing orifices 32 distributed on its periphery, opening into bosses 33 and able to receive the passage for example of screws (not shown) for fixing the attachment part 3 on a support ( not shown).
  • the fastener 3 further comprises three notches 34 opening radially, regularly distributed angularly on its periphery and can be used for the angular positioning of the fastener 3, and thus the hollow body 2, relative to the support.
  • the fastener 3 is for example made of aluminum.
  • a mandrel 4 of longitudinal axis X is used, driven in rotation by any suitable means, for example motorized pins (not shown).
  • the mandrel 4 is rotated in a single direction. It is understood that the mandrel 4 can also be rotated in both directions of rotation.
  • the mandrel 4 has a substantially cylindrical central zone 40 of revolution, with a longitudinal axis X, on which is provided a circular peripheral groove 41 which divides the winding surface of the central zone 40 into two distinct cylindrical portions of revolution. In this example, these two cylindrical portions of revolution are substantially of the same length along the longitudinal axis X.
  • This peripheral circular groove 41 has example a width of 12 mm and a depth of 35 mm.
  • the mandrel 4 is also provided, at the ends of its central zone 40, with two ends 42 of "bell" type 42.
  • the ends 42 have a flattened axial end 43 (visible on the Figures 3 to 7 , 8 and 9 ) which defines a flat surface substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X.
  • a first band 5 is wound to form helical turns.
  • the ends 42 are covered by the turns of the first band 5 which thus defines a covering piece.
  • the supply of the first band 5, not shown, is provided for example by a reel, motorized or not, coupled to voltage regulation means and means for guiding and aligning the first band 5. These means being known to those skilled in the art, they are not detailed.
  • a fixed mandrel is used around which the guide and / or regulating means and or the reel is moved so as to obtain the helical winding.
  • a first layer of the first helical coil 50 is obtained by the combination of the rotation of the mandrel 4 and the first web supply 5.
  • a second and subsequent layers of the first helical coil 50 are similarly obtained by changing the direction axial displacement of the guide means once the end of the mandrel 4 reached.
  • the rotation and feeding are adjusted so as to obtain, on the median zone 40, a first helical winding 50 of contiguous turns.
  • the free end of the first band 5 can be fixed to the axis of the mandrel 4, for example by means of a node (not shown). This node can be undone after the laying of a few windings of helical winding. This avoids any extra thickness related to this node and any effect of white veil.
  • a second helical winding 60 of non-contiguous turns is made.
  • the second helical winding 60 may comprise several layers of superimposed turns. This second helical winding 60 is obtained for example with adjustments relating to the pitch between turns, to the speed of axial displacement of the guide means, and to the return movements of a second strip 6 between the ends 42.
  • the figure 5 illustrates only part of the second helical winding 60 which covers the first helical winding 50 including the ends 42.
  • a third helical winding 70 with contiguous turns is formed with a band 7, which is substantially similar to the first helical winding 50, and is only partially represented on the helical winding. figure 6 .
  • the strips 5, 6, 7 of fibers used may be coated with resin before or after each helical winding, this resin being cured before or after any new helical winding.
  • the complex obtained is cut off, for example by combining a rotation of the mandrel 4 and the lateral advance of a cutting tool (not shown) towards the longitudinal axis X, following the peripheral circular groove 41.
  • the latter is deep enough to allow the passage of the cutting tool.
  • Two identical insulator hollow bodies 1 in the form of a "bell" shape are thus obtained which can be moved apart from each other along the X axis according to the arrows F to separate them from the mandrel 4. This separation can be facilitated by the use of specific tools (not shown), for example a crown of motorized traction. According to another embodiment not shown, it is possible to obtain two different insulator hollow bodies, either by using ends having different shapes, or by using a mandrel having a peripheral circular groove 41 not centered in the width of its median area 40.
  • each end 42 is covered with envelopes 8, 8 '.
  • the envelopes 8, 8 'thus define covering pieces.
  • Each envelope 8, 8 ' is formed of a sheet of a flexible material such as a polyester film, or a composite film of fibers coated or not with liquid resin.
  • each envelope may be made in a sheet of a preformed rigid material.
  • each envelope 8, 8 ' has a flower petal shape.
  • each flower petal shape is crossed by an orifice 80, 80 'adapted to receive the passage of the axis of the mandrel 4.
  • the periphery of the flower petal shape comprises petals 81, 81', for example six, designed so that when the envelope 8, 8 'is placed on the end 42, it matches the shape of the end 42 largely covering its surface.
  • the flower petal shape is designed to overlap the ends of the petals 81, 81 'with the adjacent end of the central zone 40 covered by the first winding 50.
  • the envelopes 8, 8' may comprise a radial cutout (not shown) for opening them to insert them laterally on the axis of the mandrel 4.
  • a radial cutout (not shown) for opening them to insert them laterally on the axis of the mandrel 4.
  • it is possible to use more superimposed envelopes such as at least three superposed envelopes.
  • the envelopes 8, 8 ' are bonded to each other and to the first winding by means of a binder known to those skilled in the art.
  • a second helical winding 70 is made with contiguous turns using a second strip 7.
  • This second helical winding 70 is substantially similar to the first helical winding 50, and represented on the figure 12 .
  • the second helical winding 70 can be made in the same direction, or in a direction opposite to the first helical winding 50.
  • This second helical winding 70 is made to overlap the ends of the petals 81, 81 'straddling the first winding 50.
  • the first and second strips 5, 7 may be coated with resin before or after each helical winding, this resin being cured before or after any new helical winding.
  • the resulting complex is cut along the peripheral circular groove 41 in a manner similar to the first embodiment.
  • the second embodiment it is possible to place one or more first envelopes before making the first helical winding and, after making the first helical winding, it is possible to lay even further envelopes superimposed on the first envelopes before making the second helical winding.
  • the first and second helical windings are produced by means of non-contiguous turns intersecting each other.
  • the strips 5, 6, 7 used in these processes may be strips of film, polyester yarns or fibers and / or strips of fibers or sheets of fibers, for example glass fibers and / or any other suitable strip. These strips 5, 6, 7 have for example a width of about 50 mm.
  • the layers of fibers individually have, for example, a width of approximately 3 to 4 mm.
  • Each winding can also be obtained with widths of strips 5, 6, 7 different, for example about 25 mm to cover the ends 42 and about 50 mm for the central zone 40.
  • the bands 5, 6, 7 are made of fibers and are in the form of strands, independent of each other, parallel to each other, the alignment of the strands can be provided by a comb.
  • the binder used to bind the strips 5, 6, 7 together and possibly the strips to the envelopes 8, 8 ' is a conventional binder known to those skilled in the art.
  • the steps of the method according to the invention described above can be implemented to produce a resistant underlayer, for example polyester and repeated in order to achieve the layer of composite material itself.
  • a mandrel having a single end provided with a "bell” type end the other end of the mandrel being conventional per se, insofar as a single "bell” type body must be manufactured on the mandrel.
  • a mandrel comprising a plurality of peripheral circular grooves, for example two or more, axially spaced from one another along the longitudinal axis X to manufacture simultaneously, on the same mandrel, two hollow bodies of the " bell “and one or more, tubular hollow body type cylindrical or frustoconical.

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  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

L'invention concerne de façon générale un procédé de fabrication de corps creux pour isolateurs électriques composites, au cours duquel on réalise un premier enroulement hélicoïdal sur un mandrin d'axe longitudinal d'au moins un matériau en bande. L'invention concerne également un corps creux pour isolateur électrique composite pour très haute, haute et moyenne tension, obtenu par un tel procédé.The invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing hollow bodies for composite electrical insulators, during which a first helical winding is performed on a mandrel with a longitudinal axis of at least one strip material. The invention also relates to a hollow body for composite electrical insulator for very high, high and medium voltage, obtained by such a method.

Technique antérieurePrior art

De manière traditionnelle, les isolateurs électriques composites pour très haute, haute et moyenne tension comportent un corps creux pouvant avoir une forme cylindrique, tronconique, bi tronconique, une forme de tonneau ou toute autre forme de révolution adaptée. Des armatures métalliques sont prévues aux extrémités du corps creux et une enveloppe isolante en élastomère entoure le corps creux en formant des ailettes. Ces corps creux servent plus particulièrement d'enveloppes pour des appareillages électriques, comme par exemple un condensateur ou un transformateur à isolation à huile ou un disjoncteur à isolation au gaz sous une pression de quelques bars. Le corps creux d'un tel isolateur électrique composite est généralement réalisé par enroulement hélicoïdal de fibres ou de fils minéraux ou organiques, comme par exemple des fibres de verre agglomérées par une résine synthétique apte à durcir, par exemple de la résine époxyde.In the traditional way, composite electrical insulators for very high, medium and high voltage comprise a hollow body that can have a cylindrical, frustoconical, bi-frustoconical shape, a barrel shape or any other adapted form of revolution. Metal reinforcements are provided at the ends of the hollow body and an elastomeric insulating envelope surrounds the hollow body forming fins. These hollow bodies are used more particularly envelopes for electrical equipment, such as a capacitor or an oil-insulated transformer or a gas-insulated circuit breaker under a pressure of a few bars. The hollow body of such a composite electrical insulator is generally made by helical winding of fibers or inorganic or organic son, such as glass fibers agglomerated with a synthetic resin capable of curing, for example epoxy resin.

La publication US 4,495,381 décrit un isolateur électrique composite creux obtenu par enroulement hélicoïdal, sur un mandrin en rotation, d'une bande de fibres ayant traversé un bain de résine liquide. L'enroulement hélicoïdal est réalisé dans un premier sens pour obtenir une première couche de fibres puis, une fois la première extrémité du mandrin atteinte, dans un second sens opposé pour obtenir une seconde couche de fibres, inversée, enroulée sur la première couche. Une fois la seconde extrémité du mandrin atteinte par la seconde couche, on réalise une troisième couche et ainsi de suite jusqu'à ce que l'épaisseur de la paroi désirée soit atteinte. La résine est ensuite durcie pour obtenir le corps creux achevé.The publication US 4,495,381 discloses a hollow composite electrical insulator obtained by helically winding, on a rotating mandrel, a fiber web having passed through a bath of liquid resin. The helical winding is made in a first direction to obtain a first layer of fibers and, once the first end of the mandrel is reached, in a second opposite direction to obtain a second layer of fibers, inverted, wound on the first layer. Once the second end of the mandrel reached by the second layer, a third layer is made and so on until that the thickness of the desired wall is reached. The resin is then cured to obtain the finished hollow body.

Lors du procédé de fabrication, une fois l'enroulement hélicoïdal réalisé, les extrémités du corps creux sont sectionnées, mises au rebut, pour ne conserver que la partie centrale utile. La quantité de déchets générée est donc importante. Par ailleurs, les formes réalisables sont limitées par les contraintes de ces procédés. De plus, il est souvent impossible de réaliser simultanément plusieurs isolateurs sur un même mandrin. Enfin, il est souvent nécessaire de prévoir, aux extrémités du corps de l'isolateur, des brides intermédiaires permettant notamment la fermeture étanche de l'enceinte délimitée par le corps creux de l'isolateur électrique.In the manufacturing process, once the helical winding is achieved, the ends of the hollow body are cut, discarded, to keep only the useful central part. The amount of waste generated is therefore important. Moreover, the achievable forms are limited by the constraints of these methods. In addition, it is often impossible to simultaneously produce several insulators on the same mandrel. Finally, it is often necessary to provide, at the ends of the body of the insulator, intermediate flanges allowing in particular the tight closure of the enclosure defined by the hollow body of the electrical insulator.

Un corps creux d'isolateur électrique composite délimite ainsi une chambre à gaz, généralement un gaz sous pression comprenant par exemple du gaz SF6. Le corps creux d'isolateur électrique composite doit donc résister à la pression à peu près constante de ce gaz mais également à toute surpression liée à un disfonctionnement, par exemple à un défaut aux bornes, induisant une surpression ponctuelle générant une onde de choc. Les isolateurs électriques composites connus sont habituellement réalisés en matériaux composites en fibres de verre enduites de résine époxy, matériau connu pour être plutôt cassant. Des tentatives pour fabriquer un isolant fiable en résine époxy ont conduit à l'obtention de parois relativement épaisses et donc à des isolateurs lourds, difficiles à manipuler lors de leur fabrication, maintenance ou réparation. De plus, des produits de décomposition du gaz SF6 peuvent apparaître à la suite d'arcs électriques générés lors de la coupure du courant. Ces produits de décomposition sont susceptibles de dégrader les fibres de verre et la résine époxy. Le document WO 2011/026 519 décrit un isolateur composite dont le corps creux est réalisé par enroulement hélicoïdal permettant de résister à ce type de contraintes mécaniques et chimiques. Ce corps creux comporte une sous-couche obtenue par enroulement hélicoïdal d'un tissu à base de polyester prévu sous les couches d'enroulement hélicoïdal de bande de fibres. Cette sous-couche permet à l'isolateur de mieux résister aux produits de décomposition et aux ondes de choc.A composite electrical insulator hollow body thus delimits a gas chamber, generally a pressurized gas comprising for example SF6 gas. The composite electrical insulator hollow body must therefore withstand the almost constant pressure of this gas but also any overpressure related to a malfunction, for example a fault on the terminals, inducing a point overpressure generating a shock wave. The known composite electrical insulators are usually made of fiberglass composite materials coated with epoxy resin, a material known to be rather brittle. Attempts to manufacture a reliable epoxy resin insulation have led to relatively thick walls and thus to heavy insulators, difficult to handle during their manufacture, maintenance or repair. In addition, SF6 gas decomposition products can occur as a result of electric arcs generated during the power failure. These decomposition products are liable to degrade the glass fibers and the epoxy resin. The document WO 2011/026 519 describes a composite insulator whose hollow body is made by helical winding to resist this type of mechanical and chemical stresses. This hollow body comprises an undercoat obtained by helical winding of a polyester-based fabric provided under the helical winding layers of fiber web. This underlayer allows the insulator to better resist decomposition products and shock waves.

Par ailleurs, la publication US 4,271,343 décrit un corps creux formant une chambre destinée à recevoir un dispositif électrique et obtenu par moulage de fibres synthétiques au sein desquelles un maillage tissé est noyé pour conférer au corps creux une résistance supérieure en cas d'explosion.In addition, the publication US 4,271,343 describes a hollow body forming a chamber for receiving an electrical device and obtained by molding synthetic fibers in which a woven mesh is embedded to give the hollow body superior strength in case of explosion.

Enfin, la publication US 2009/0 014 114 décrit un procédé de fabrication d'un corps creux en matériau composite par enroulement de fibres autour d'un mandrin, le corps creux ayant ses extrémités traversées par des orifices de dimensions différentes.Finally, the publication US 2009/0 014 114 discloses a method of manufacturing a hollow body of composite material by winding fibers around a mandrel, the hollow body having its ends traversed by orifices of different dimensions.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

Le but de l'invention est de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé de fabrication de corps creux pour isolateurs électriques composites générant moins de déchets que les procédés connus, facile à mettre en oeuvre, compatible avec la présence d'une sous-couche résistante au gaz, permettant la fabrication de plusieurs corps creux pour isolateurs électriques composites sur un même mandrin et limitant la nécessité d'utiliser des brides intermédiaires pour assurer l'étanchéité de l'enceinte délimitée par le corps creux de l'isolateur électrique composite.The object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by providing a hollow body manufacturing method for composite electrical insulators generating less waste than known methods, easy to implement, compatible with the presence of an undercoat resistant to gas, allowing the manufacture of several hollow bodies for composite electrical insulators on the same mandrel and limiting the need to use intermediate flanges to seal the enclosure defined by the hollow body of the composite electrical insulator.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication de corps creux pour isolateurs électriques composites, au cours duquel on réalise un premier enroulement hélicoïdal sur un mandrin d'axe longitudinal d'au moins un matériau en bande, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un mandrin comportant au moins une extrémité au moins en partie sphérique conformée pour réaliser un corps creux pour isolateur électrique composite de type "cloche" et au moins une gorge circulaire périphérique divisant en au moins deux parties la zone médiane séparant les extrémités du mandrin, cette zone médiane étant un cylindre de révolution, en ce que l'on réalise ledit premier enroulement hélicoïdal de manière à constituer au moins un corps creux pour isolateur électrique composite de type "cloche", et en ce que l'on tronçonne ledit premier enroulement hélicoïdal transversalement à l'axe longitudinal, en suivant la gorge périphérique pour constituer au moins deux corps creux pour isolateurs électriques composites dont l'un au moins est de type "cloche", et en ce que l'on écarte axialement ces deux corps creux l'un de l'autre pour les séparer dudit mandrin.To this end, the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing hollow bodies for composite electrical insulators, during which a first helical winding is carried out on a longitudinal axis mandrel of at least one strip material, characterized in that that a mandrel comprising at least one at least partly spherical end shaped to produce a hollow body for a composite electrical isolator of "bell" type and at least one peripheral circular groove dividing in at least two parts the central zone separating the ends of the mandrel, this central zone being a cylinder of revolution, in that said first helical winding is carried out so as to constitute at least one hollow body for a composite electrical insulator of the "bell" type, and in that one cutting said first helical winding transversely to the longitudinal axis, following the peripheral groove to form at least two horns hollow ps for composite electrical insulators, at least one of which is of the "bell" type, and in that these two hollow bodies are axially spaced from one another to separate them from said mandrel.

On entend par enroulement hélicoïdal tout enroulement hélicoïdal multi-spires comportant une ou plusieurs couches, les couches étant obtenues par inversion du déplacement longitudinal au cours de l'enroulement, en particulier lorsque les extrémités du mandrin sont atteintes.By helical winding is meant any multi-turn helical winding comprising one or more layers, the layers being obtained by reversing the longitudinal displacement during the winding, in particular when the ends of the mandrel are reached.

On entend par isolateur de type "cloche", tout isolateur ayant une forme de type "cloche", cette forme de type de "cloche" étant classique avec inversion d'incurvation et bord évasé, ou comportant une portion sphérique prolongée par une portion cylindrique, ou toute autre forme adaptée.The term "bell-type" insulator is understood to mean any insulator having a "bell-like" shape, this "bell-like" shape being conventional with inversion of curvature and flared edge, or comprising a spherical portion extended by a cylindrical portion. , or any other suitable form.

Le procédé selon l'invention permet ainsi de fabriquer simultanément au moins deux isolateurs en limitant la quantité de déchets. De plus, le procédé selon l'invention permet d'obtenir des isolateurs dont la forme permet de s'affranchir de la nécessité d'utiliser une pièce intermédiaire pour assurer l'étanchéité de l'enceinte délimitée par le corps creux de l'isolateur.The method according to the invention thus makes it possible to simultaneously manufacture at least two insulators by limiting the amount of waste. In addition, the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain isolators whose shape makes it possible to overcome the need to use an intermediate piece to ensure the tightness of the enclosure delimited by the hollow body of the insulator. .

Au cours du procédé selon l'invention on utilise avantageusement un mandrin rotatif.During the process according to the invention, a rotary mandrel is advantageously used.

Selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention, on réalise un premier enroulement hélicoïdal de spires jointives autour de ladite zone médiane séparant les extrémités dudit mandrin et autour de ladite extrémité, on recouvre au moins en partie ledit premier enroulement hélicoïdal d'un deuxième enroulement hélicoïdal de spires non jointives se croisant et on recouvre au moins en partie ledit deuxième enroulement hélicoïdal d'un troisième enroulement hélicoïdal à spires jointives.According to a first embodiment of the method of the invention, a first helical winding of contiguous turns around said median zone separating the ends of said mandrel and around said end is made, at least partially covering said first helical winding. a second helical winding of non-contiguous turns intersecting and at least partly covering said second helical winding of a third helical winding contiguous turns.

On entend par spires non jointives des spires qui ne se tangentent pas, qui sont espacées de quelques millimètres à plusieurs centimètres. Les spires non jointives peuvent également se croiser. On entend par spires jointives des spires qui se tangentent, voire se chevauchent.By non-contiguous turns are meant turns that do not tangent, which are spaced a few millimeters to several centimeters apart. Non-joined turns can also intersect. Joining turns are understood to mean turns which tangent or even overlap.

Selon un second mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, on recouvre au moins en partie ladite extrémité et l'extrémité adjacente de ladite zone médiane séparant les extrémités dudit mandrin au moyen d'au moins une enveloppe distincte de ladite bande, et après, on recouvre au moins les bords de ladite enveloppe recouvrant ladite extrémité adjacente de ladite zone médiane au moyen dudit enroulement hélicoïdal pour lier ledit enroulement hélicoïdal à ladite enveloppe.According to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least partly covers said end and the adjacent end of said median zone separating the ends of said mandrel by means of at least one envelope distinct from said strip, and thereafter, at least the edges of said envelope covering said adjacent end of said area are covered median by means of said helical winding for bonding said helical winding to said casing.

Le procédé selon ce second mode de mise en oeuvre peut avantageusement présenter les particularités suivantes :

  • on utilise au moins une enveloppe présentant une forme en pétales de fleur dont le centre est pourvu d'un orifice apte à recevoir l'axe dudit mandrin, et dont la périphérie est pourvue de pétales aptes à se conformer sur ladite extrémité et sur l'extrémité adjacente de ladite zone médiane ;
  • on réalise au moins un premier enroulement hélicoïdal d'au moins une première bande autour de ladite zone médiane avant de recouvrir ladite extrémité au moyen de ladite enveloppe et de réaliser au moins un deuxième enroulement hélicoïdal au moyen d'une deuxième bande par-dessus ledit premier enroulement hélicoïdal et lesdits bords de ladite enveloppe ;
  • on utilise plusieurs enveloppes que l'on superpose entre elles et que l'on décale angulairement relativement l'une de l'autre autour dudit axe longitudinal.
The method according to this second embodiment can advantageously have the following particularities:
  • at least one envelope having a flower petal shape whose center is provided with an orifice adapted to receive the axis of said mandrel, and whose periphery is provided with petals adapted to conform on said end and on the adjacent end of said middle zone;
  • at least a first helical winding of at least a first band around said middle zone is carried out before covering said end by means of said casing and making at least a second helical winding by means of a second band over said first helical winding and said edges of said envelope;
  • several envelopes are used which are superimposed on each other and which are shifted relatively angularly relative to one another about said longitudinal axis.

De manière avantageuse, on utilise un mandrin dont ladite extrémité en "coche" présente une forme au moins en partie sphérique prolongée vers ledit axe longitudinal par une portion sensiblement plane et sensiblement perpendiculaire audit axe longitudinal.Advantageously, using a mandrel said end "tick" has a shape at least partly spherical extended towards said longitudinal axis by a substantially flat portion and substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis.

L'invention concerne également un corps creux pour isolateur électrique composite, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente une forme de type "cloche" pour constituer un isolateur électrique composite de type "cloche", le sommet de ladite forme de type "cloche" étant traversé par un orifice, ladite forme de type "cloche" comportant au moins une portion de "cloche" sensiblement cylindrique de révolution d'axe longitudinal prolongée par une portion de "cloche" sensiblement sphérique prolongée, au moins à l'intérieur de ladite forme de type "cloche", par une portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane sensiblement perpendiculaire audit axe longitudinal et entourant ledit orifice, ladite portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane étant apte à recevoir l'appui d'un joint élastique entourant ledit orifice.The invention also relates to a hollow body for composite electrical insulator, characterized in that it has a bell-like shape to constitute a composite electrical insulator of "bell" type, the top of said bell-like shape being traversed by an orifice, said bell-like shape comprising at least a substantially cylindrical "bell" portion of longitudinal axis revolution extended by a prolonged substantially spherical "bell" portion, at least within said shape of "bell" type, by a substantially flat portion of "bell" substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and surrounding said orifice, said portion of substantially flat "bell" being adapted to receive the support of an elastic seal surrounding said orifice.

Le corps creux pour isolateur selon l'invention permet ainsi de s'affranchir de bride intermédiaire pour assurer l'étanchéité de l'enceinte délimitée par le corps creux.The hollow body for isolator according to the invention thus makes it possible to dispense with an intermediate flange to ensure the tightness of the enclosure delimited by the hollow body.

Ladite portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane a de préférence un état de surface présentant une rugosité Ra inférieure à 3.2 µm et de préférence inférieure à 0.8 µm.Said substantially flat "bell" portion preferably has a surface state having a roughness Ra of less than 3.2 μm and preferably less than 0.8 μm.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

La présente invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée de deux modes de réalisation pris à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs et illustrés par les dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessous d'une partie d'un isolateur électrique composite comportant un corps creux obtenu par le procédé selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une demie-vue de face et une demie-vue en coupe selon le plan de coupe AA de la figure 1, du corps creux de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 3 à 7 sont des vues schématiques illustrant les étapes du procédé de fabrication selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 8 à 13 sont des vues schématiques illustrant les étapes du procédé de fabrication selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
The present invention will be better understood and other advantages will appear on reading the detailed description of two embodiments taken as non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a bottom view of a portion of a composite electrical insulator comprising a hollow body obtained by the method according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a half-view from the front and a half-view in section according to the cutting plane AA of the figure 1 , the hollow body of the figure 1 ;
  • the Figures 3 to 7 are schematic views illustrating the steps of the manufacturing method according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 8 to 13 are schematic views illustrating the steps of the manufacturing method according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Description des modes de réalisationDescription of the embodiments

En référence à la figure 1, le corps creux 2 pour isolateurs électriques composites 1 obtenu avec le procédé selon l'invention est corps dit en forme de type "cloche", la base de la "cloche" étant pourvue d'une pièce de fixation 3 servant d'armature pour l'ancrage du corps creux 2.With reference to the figure 1 , the hollow body 2 for composite electrical insulators 1 obtained with the method according to the invention is said bell-shaped body type, the base of the "bell" being provided with a fastener 3 serving as a reinforcement for the anchoring of the hollow body 2.

Le corps creux 2 est pourvu à son sommet semi-sphérique d'un orifice 20 traversant. La forme de type "cloche" comprend une portion de "cloche" sensiblement cylindrique 21 d'axe longitudinal Y prolongée par une portion de "cloche" sensiblement sphérique 22, aplatie au sommet, c'est-à-dire que l'orifice 20 se situe dans une portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane 23 entourant l'orifice 20. L'orifice 20 présente par exemple un diamètre D0 d'environ 140 mm. Il est bien entendu que cette valeur dimensionnelle ainsi que les valeurs suivantes ne sont données qu'à titre purement indicatif. La portion de "cloche" sensiblement cylindrique 21 peut présenter un diamètre extérieur D1 d'environ 380 mm, un diamètre intérieur D2 d'environ 340 mm et donc une épaisseur E1 sensiblement constance d'environ 20 mm, et une longueur L1 d'environ 330 mm. La portion de "cloche" sensiblement sphérique 22 présente par exemple un rayon de courbure intérieur R1 d'environ 100 mm tout en conservant l'épaisseur sensiblement constante de 20 mm. La portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane 21 est sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal Y et s'étend sur une largeur L2 d'environ 25 mm jusqu'à l'orifice 20. Cette portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane 21 a un état de surface présentant une rugosité Ra inférieure à 3.2 µm et de préférence inférieure à 0.8 µm. Ainsi, cette portion de "cloche" sensiblement plane 21 est apte à recevoir, directement, l'appui d'un joint élastique (non représenté) entourant l'orifice 20 permettant de fermer de manière étanche l'enceinte délimitée par la surface intérieure du corps creux 2 de l'isolateur électrique composite 1. Ainsi, cet isolateur électrique composite 1 ne nécessite pas de bride intermédiaire comme c'est le cas pour les isolateurs électriques composites essentiellement cylindriques ou tronconiques connus.The hollow body 2 is provided at its semi-spherical apex with a through hole 20. The bell-like shape comprises a substantially cylindrical "bell" portion 21 of longitudinal axis Y extended by a portion of "bell" substantially spherical 22, flattened at the top, that is to say that the orifice 20 is located in a substantially flat "bell" portion 23 surrounding the orifice 20. The orifice 20 has for example a diameter D0 about 140 mm. It is understood that this dimensional value as well as the following values are given for information only. The substantially cylindrical "bell" portion 21 may have an outside diameter D1 of about 380 mm, an internal diameter D2 of about 340 mm and therefore a substantially constant thickness E1 of about 20 mm, and a length L1 of about 330 mm. The substantially spherical "bell" portion 22 has, for example, an inner radius of curvature R1 of about 100 mm while maintaining the substantially constant thickness of 20 mm. The substantially flat "bell" portion 21 is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Y and extends over a width L2 of about 25 mm to the orifice 20. This substantially flat "bell" portion 21 has a surface condition having a roughness Ra of less than 3.2 μm and preferably less than 0.8 μm. Thus, this substantially flat "bell" portion 21 is adapted to receive, directly, the support of an elastic seal (not shown) surrounding the orifice 20 for sealingly closing the enclosure delimited by the inner surface of the hollow body 2 of the composite electrical insulator 1. Thus, this composite electrical insulator 1 does not require an intermediate flange as is the case for composite electrical insulators substantially cylindrical or frustoconical known.

Le corps creux 2 est réalisé en fibres de verre imprégnées de résine époxy, la face interne de la forme de type "cloche" pouvant être recouverte par un film 24, par exemple en polyester, renforçant les caractéristiques mécaniques et chimiques de l'isolateur électrique composite 1 et lui permettant ainsi de mieux résister à toute onde de choc de fonctionnement et de former une barrière aux éventuels produits de décomposition du gaz, par exemple du gaz SF6, pouvant être contenu dans l'isolateur électrique composite 1.The hollow body 2 is made of glass fibers impregnated with epoxy resin, the internal face of the bell-like shape being able to be covered by a film 24, for example made of polyester, reinforcing the mechanical and chemical characteristics of the electrical insulator. composite 1 and thus allowing it to better withstand any operating shock wave and to form a barrier to any decomposition products of the gas, for example SF6 gas, which may be contained in the composite electrical insulator 1.

Le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention décrit ci-après permet de réaliser tout corps creux 2 pour isolateur électrique composite 1 de type "cloche" comportant ou ne comportant pas, en couche intérieure, de film 24 de polyester ou de tout autre matériau adapté pour renforcer la protection du corps creux 2.The manufacturing method according to the invention described below makes it possible to produce any hollow body 2 for a composite electrical insulator 1 of the "bell" type comprising or not comprising, in an inner layer, a film 24 of polyester or any other suitable material. to strengthen the protection of the body hollow 2.

La pièce de fixation 3 se présente sous la forme d'une couronne sensiblement circulaire d'une hauteur H1 d'environ 75 mm, de diamètre extérieur D3 d'environ 465 mm et de diamètre intérieur D4 d'environ 340 mm. Cette pièce de fixation 3 comporte un alésage 30 avec un bossage intérieur périphérique 31, présentant un diamètre D5 d'environ 380 mm, dans lequel vient s'insérer la base cylindrique du corps creux 2 en appui contre le bossage intérieur périphérique 31. La pièce de fixation 3 comporte un flasque annulaire pourvu d'orifices de fixation 32 répartis sur sa périphérie, débouchant dans des bossages 33 et aptes à recevoir le passage par exemple de vis (non représentées) de fixation de la pièce de fixation 3 sur un support (non représenté). La pièce de fixation 3 comporte de plus trois encoches 34 débouchant radialement, régulièrement réparties angulairement sur sa périphérie et pouvant être utilisées pour le positionnement angulaire de la pièce de fixation 3, et donc du corps creux 2, par rapport au support. La pièce de fixation 3 est par exemple réalisée en aluminium.The fastener 3 is in the form of a substantially circular ring of a height H1 of about 75 mm, outer diameter D3 of about 465 mm and inner diameter D4 of about 340 mm. This fastener 3 comprises a bore 30 with a peripheral inner boss 31 having a diameter D5 of about 380 mm, into which the cylindrical base of the hollow body 2 bears against the peripheral inner boss 31. The workpiece fixing device 3 comprises an annular flange provided with fixing orifices 32 distributed on its periphery, opening into bosses 33 and able to receive the passage for example of screws (not shown) for fixing the attachment part 3 on a support ( not shown). The fastener 3 further comprises three notches 34 opening radially, regularly distributed angularly on its periphery and can be used for the angular positioning of the fastener 3, and thus the hollow body 2, relative to the support. The fastener 3 is for example made of aluminum.

En référence aux figures 3 à 13, on décrit ci-après les étapes du procédé de fabrication d'un corps creux 2 selon l'invention pour isolateur électrique composite 1. Sur ces figures, illustrant deux modes de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, les éléments mécaniques analogues sont affectés des mêmes numéros de référence.With reference to Figures 3 to 13 the steps of the method for manufacturing a hollow body 2 according to the invention for composite electrical insulator 1 are described below. In these figures, illustrating two embodiments of the method according to the invention, the analogous mechanical elements are assigned the same reference numbers.

En référence aux figures 3 et 8, on utilise un mandrin 4 d'axe longitudinal X, entrainé en rotation par tout moyen adapté, par exemple des broches motorisées (non représentées). Dans les exemples illustrés, le mandrin 4 est entrainé en rotation dans un sens unique. Il est bien entendu que le mandrin 4 peut également être entrainé en rotation dans les deux sens de rotation. Le mandrin 4 présente une zone médiane 40 sensiblement cylindrique de révolution, d'axe longitudinal X, sur laquelle on prévoit une gorge circulaire périphérique 41 qui divise la surface d'enroulement de la zone médiane 40 en deux portions cylindrique de révolution distinctes. Dans cet exemple, ces deux portions cylindriques de révolution sont sensiblement de même longueur suivant l'axe longitudinal X. Cette gorge circulaire périphérique 41 a par exemple une largeur de 12 mm et une profondeur de 35 mm. Le mandrin 4 est par ailleurs pourvu, aux extrémités de sa zone médiane 40, de deux extrémités 42 de type "cloche" 42. Dans ces exemples, les extrémités 42 ont une extrémité axiale aplatie 43 (visible sur les figures 3 à 7, 8 et 9) qui définit une surface plane sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal X.With reference to figures 3 and 8 , a mandrel 4 of longitudinal axis X is used, driven in rotation by any suitable means, for example motorized pins (not shown). In the examples illustrated, the mandrel 4 is rotated in a single direction. It is understood that the mandrel 4 can also be rotated in both directions of rotation. The mandrel 4 has a substantially cylindrical central zone 40 of revolution, with a longitudinal axis X, on which is provided a circular peripheral groove 41 which divides the winding surface of the central zone 40 into two distinct cylindrical portions of revolution. In this example, these two cylindrical portions of revolution are substantially of the same length along the longitudinal axis X. This peripheral circular groove 41 has example a width of 12 mm and a depth of 35 mm. The mandrel 4 is also provided, at the ends of its central zone 40, with two ends 42 of "bell" type 42. In these examples, the ends 42 have a flattened axial end 43 (visible on the Figures 3 to 7 , 8 and 9 ) which defines a flat surface substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X.

Le premier mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence aux figures 4 à 7. En référence à la figure 4, on enroule sur les extrémités 42 et sur la zone médiane 40 du mandrin 4, une première bande 5 pour former des spires hélicoïdales. Ainsi, selon ce premier mode de réalisation, les extrémités 42 sont recouvertes par les spires de la première bande 5 qui définit ainsi une pièce de recouvrement. L'alimentation de la première bande 5, non représentée, est assurée par exemple par un dévidoir, motorisé ou non, couplé à des moyens de régulation de tension et à des moyens de guidage et d'alignement de la première bande 5. Ces moyens étant connus de l'Homme du métier, ils ne sont pas détaillés. Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté, on utilise un mandrin fixe autour duquel les moyens de guidage et/ou de régulation et ou le dévidoir est déplacé de manière à obtenir l'enroulement hélicoïdal.The first embodiment of the method according to the invention is described below with reference to Figures 4 to 7 . With reference to the figure 4 , on the ends 42 and on the central zone 40 of the mandrel 4, a first band 5 is wound to form helical turns. Thus, according to this first embodiment, the ends 42 are covered by the turns of the first band 5 which thus defines a covering piece. The supply of the first band 5, not shown, is provided for example by a reel, motorized or not, coupled to voltage regulation means and means for guiding and aligning the first band 5. These means being known to those skilled in the art, they are not detailed. According to an embodiment not shown, a fixed mandrel is used around which the guide and / or regulating means and or the reel is moved so as to obtain the helical winding.

Une première couche du premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50 est obtenue par la combinaison de la rotation du mandrin 4 et de l'alimentation en première bande 5. Une seconde couche et des couches suivantes du premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50 sont obtenues de manière similaire en changeant le sens de déplacement axial des moyens de guidage une fois l'extrémité du mandrin 4 atteinte. Dans cette étape de formation du premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50 on règle la rotation et l'alimentation de manière à obtenir, sur la zone médiane 40, un premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50 de spires jointives. Avant de commencer l'enroulement hélicoïdal et d'assurer un point de départ fiable, l'extrémité libre de la première bande 5 peut être fixée à l'axe du mandrin 4, par exemple au moyen d'un noeud (non représenté). Ce noeud pourra être défait après la pose de quelques spires d'enroulement hélicoïdal. On évitera ainsi toute surépaisseur liée à ce noeud ainsi que tout effet de voile blanc.A first layer of the first helical coil 50 is obtained by the combination of the rotation of the mandrel 4 and the first web supply 5. A second and subsequent layers of the first helical coil 50 are similarly obtained by changing the direction axial displacement of the guide means once the end of the mandrel 4 reached. In this step of forming the first helical winding 50 the rotation and feeding are adjusted so as to obtain, on the median zone 40, a first helical winding 50 of contiguous turns. Before starting the helical winding and ensuring a reliable starting point, the free end of the first band 5 can be fixed to the axis of the mandrel 4, for example by means of a node (not shown). This node can be undone after the laying of a few windings of helical winding. This avoids any extra thickness related to this node and any effect of white veil.

Sur la figure 4, pour permettre de visualiser la gorge circulaire périphérique 41 et les extrémités 42, on a représenté une petite partie de la couche de l'enroulement hélicoïdal 50. Il est bien entendu que ce premier enroulement hélicoïdal. 50 de la bande 5 peut indifféremment commencer par la droite ou la gauche du mandrin avec recouvrement des extrémités 42.On the figure 4 , to allow visualizing the peripheral circular groove 41 and the ends 42, there is shown a small portion of the layer of the helical winding 50. It is understood that this first helical winding. 50 of the strip 5 can indifferently start from the right or the left of the mandrel with overlap of the ends 42.

En référence à la figure 5, on réalise un second enroulement hélicoïdal 60 de spires non jointives croisées. Comme pour le premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50, le second enroulement hélicoïdal 60 peut comporter plusieurs couches de spires superposées. Ce second enroulement hélicoïdal 60 est obtenu par exemple avec des réglages relatifs au pas entre spires, à la vitesse de déplacement axial des moyens de guidage, et des mouvements d'aller retour d'une seconde bande 6 entre les extrémités 42.With reference to the figure 5 a second helical winding 60 of non-contiguous turns is made. As for the first helical winding 50, the second helical winding 60 may comprise several layers of superimposed turns. This second helical winding 60 is obtained for example with adjustments relating to the pitch between turns, to the speed of axial displacement of the guide means, and to the return movements of a second strip 6 between the ends 42.

La figure 5 n'illustre qu'une partie du second enroulement hélicoïdal 60 qui recouvre le premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50 y compris sur les extrémités 42.The figure 5 illustrates only part of the second helical winding 60 which covers the first helical winding 50 including the ends 42.

Après l'obtention de ce second enroulement hélicoïdal 60, on forme avec une bande 7, un troisième enroulement hélicoïdal 70 à spires jointives sensiblement similaire au premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50, et représenté seulement en partie sur la figure 6.After obtaining this second helical winding 60, a third helical winding 70 with contiguous turns is formed with a band 7, which is substantially similar to the first helical winding 50, and is only partially represented on the helical winding. figure 6 .

Les bandes 5, 6, 7 de fibres utilisées peuvent être enduites de résine avant ou après chaque enroulement hélicoïdal, cette résine étant durcie avant ou après tout nouvel enroulement hélicoïdal.The strips 5, 6, 7 of fibers used may be coated with resin before or after each helical winding, this resin being cured before or after any new helical winding.

En référence à la figure 7, une fois les premier, second et troisième enroulements hélicoïdaux 50, 60, 70 achevés, le complexe obtenu est tronçonné, par exemple en combinant une rotation du mandrin 4 et l'avance latérale d'un outil de coupe (non représenté) vers l'axe longitudinal X, en suivant la gorge circulaire périphérique 41. Cette dernière est assez profonde pour autoriser le passage de l'outil de tronçonnage.With reference to the figure 7 once the first, second and third helical windings 50, 60, 70 have been completed, the complex obtained is cut off, for example by combining a rotation of the mandrel 4 and the lateral advance of a cutting tool (not shown) towards the longitudinal axis X, following the peripheral circular groove 41. The latter is deep enough to allow the passage of the cutting tool.

On obtient ainsi deux corps creux d'isolateur 1 identiques en forme de type "cloche" qu'il suffit d'écarter l'une de l'autre selon l'axe X suivant les flèches F pour les séparer du mandrin 4. Cette séparation peut être facilitée par l'utilisation d'outils spécifiques (non représentés), par exemple une couronne de traction motorisée. Selon un autre mode de mise en oeuvre non représenté, on peut obtenir deux corps creux d'isolateur différents, soit en utilisant des extrémités ayant des formes différentes, soit en utilisant un mandrin comportant une gorge circulaire périphérique 41 non centrée dans la largeur de sa zone médiane 40.Two identical insulator hollow bodies 1 in the form of a "bell" shape are thus obtained which can be moved apart from each other along the X axis according to the arrows F to separate them from the mandrel 4. This separation can be facilitated by the use of specific tools (not shown), for example a crown of motorized traction. According to another embodiment not shown, it is possible to obtain two different insulator hollow bodies, either by using ends having different shapes, or by using a mandrel having a peripheral circular groove 41 not centered in the width of its median area 40.

Le second mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence aux figures 9 à 13. En référence à la figure 9, on enroule sur la zone médiane 40 du mandrin 4, une première bande 5 pour former les spires hélicoïdales d'un premier enroulement 50. En référence à la figure 10, on recouvre chaque extrémité 42 avec des enveloppes 8, 8'. Selon ce second mode de réalisation, les enveloppes 8, 8' définissent ainsi des pièces de recouvrement. Chaque enveloppe 8, 8' est formée d'une feuille d'un matériau souple comme un film de polyester, ou encore un film composite en fibres enduites ou non de résine liquide. Selon un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, chaque enveloppe peut être réalisée dans une feuille d'un matériau rigide pré-conformée. Dans cet exemple, chaque enveloppe 8, 8' présente une forme en pétales de fleur. Le centre de chaque forme en pétales de fleur est traversé par un orifice 80, 80' apte à recevoir le passage de l'axe du mandrin 4. La périphérie de la forme en pétales de fleur comporte des pétales 81, 81', par exemple six, conçus pour que, lorsque l'enveloppe 8, 8' est posée sur l'extrémité 42, elle épouse bien la forme de l'extrémité 42 en recouvrant en grande partie sa surface. Afin notamment de mieux recouvrir la surface de chaque extrémité 42, on peut poser plusieurs enveloppes 8, 8', par exemple identiques, en superposition avec un décalage angulaire relatif d'une enveloppe 8, 8'par rapport à une autre. Il est néanmoins possible d'utiliser des enveloppes ayant des formes différentes l'une de l'autre. La forme en pétales de fleur est prévue pour qu'il y ait chevauchement des extrémités des pétales 81, 81' avec l'extrémité adjacente de la zone médiane 40 recouverte par le premier enroulement 50. Pour faciliter la mise en place des enveloppes 8, 8' sur les extrémités 42, les enveloppes 8, 8' peuvent comporter une découpe radiale (non représentée) permettant de les ouvrir pour les insérer latéralement sur l'axe du mandrin 4. Dans l'exemple illustré on utilise deux enveloppes 8, 8'. Il est bien entendu qu'on peut utiliser plus d'enveloppe superposées tel qu'au moins trois enveloppes superposées. Les enveloppes 8, 8' sont liées entre elles et au premier enroulement par l'intermédiaire d'un liant connu de l'Homme du métier.The second mode of implementation of the method according to the invention is described below with reference to Figures 9 to 13 . With reference to the figure 9 , a first band 5 is wound on the central zone 40 of the mandrel 4 to form the helicoidal turns of a first winding 50. With reference to FIG. figure 10 each end 42 is covered with envelopes 8, 8 '. According to this second embodiment, the envelopes 8, 8 'thus define covering pieces. Each envelope 8, 8 'is formed of a sheet of a flexible material such as a polyester film, or a composite film of fibers coated or not with liquid resin. According to another embodiment not shown, each envelope may be made in a sheet of a preformed rigid material. In this example, each envelope 8, 8 'has a flower petal shape. The center of each flower petal shape is crossed by an orifice 80, 80 'adapted to receive the passage of the axis of the mandrel 4. The periphery of the flower petal shape comprises petals 81, 81', for example six, designed so that when the envelope 8, 8 'is placed on the end 42, it matches the shape of the end 42 largely covering its surface. In particular in order to better cover the surface of each end 42, one can lay several envelopes 8, 8 ', for example identical, in superposition with a relative angular offset of a casing 8, 8' compared to another. It is nevertheless possible to use envelopes having different shapes from each other. The flower petal shape is designed to overlap the ends of the petals 81, 81 'with the adjacent end of the central zone 40 covered by the first winding 50. To facilitate the introduction of the envelopes 8, 8 'on the ends 42, the envelopes 8, 8' may comprise a radial cutout (not shown) for opening them to insert them laterally on the axis of the mandrel 4. In the illustrated example, use is made of two envelopes 8, 8 '. Of course, it is possible to use more superimposed envelopes such as at least three superposed envelopes. The envelopes 8, 8 'are bonded to each other and to the first winding by means of a binder known to those skilled in the art.

Après mise en place des enveloppes 8, 8' en nombre adapté, on réalise un second enroulement hélicoïdal 70 à spires jointives à l'aide d'une deuxième bande 7. Ce second enroulement hélicoïdal 70 est sensiblement similaire au premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50, et représenté sur la figure 12. Le second enroulement hélicoïdal 70 peut être réalisé dans le même sens, ou dans un sens opposé au premier enroulement hélicoïdal 50. Ce second enroulement hélicoïdal 70 est réalisé de manière à chevaucher les extrémités des pétales 81, 81' chevauchant le premier enroulement 50.After placing envelopes 8, 8 'in a suitable number, a second helical winding 70 is made with contiguous turns using a second strip 7. This second helical winding 70 is substantially similar to the first helical winding 50, and represented on the figure 12 . The second helical winding 70 can be made in the same direction, or in a direction opposite to the first helical winding 50. This second helical winding 70 is made to overlap the ends of the petals 81, 81 'straddling the first winding 50.

Les première et deuxième bandes 5, 7 peuvent être enduites de résine avant ou après chaque enroulement hélicoïdal, cette résine étant durcie avant ou après tout nouvel enroulement hélicoïdal.The first and second strips 5, 7 may be coated with resin before or after each helical winding, this resin being cured before or after any new helical winding.

Une fois les premier et second enroulements hélicoïdaux 50, 70 achevés, le complexe obtenu est tronçonné suivant la gorge circulaire périphérique 41 de manière similaire au premier mode de réalisation.Once the first and second helical windings 50, 70 have been completed, the resulting complex is cut along the peripheral circular groove 41 in a manner similar to the first embodiment.

Selon une variante de réalisation (non représentée) du second mode de réalisation, on peut poser une ou plusieurs premières enveloppes avant de réaliser le premier enroulement hélicoïdal et, après réalisation du premier enroulement hélicoïdal, on peut poser encore d'autres enveloppes superposées aux premières enveloppes avant de réaliser le second enroulement hélicoïdal.According to an alternative embodiment (not shown) of the second embodiment, it is possible to place one or more first envelopes before making the first helical winding and, after making the first helical winding, it is possible to lay even further envelopes superimposed on the first envelopes before making the second helical winding.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation (non représentée) du second mode de réalisation, on réalise les premier et second enroulements hélicoïdaux au moyen de spires non jointives se croisant.According to another alternative embodiment (not shown) of the second embodiment, the first and second helical windings are produced by means of non-contiguous turns intersecting each other.

Les bandes 5, 6, 7 utilisées au cours de ces procédés peuvent être des bandes de film, fils ou fibres polyester et/ou des bandes de fibres ou de nappes de fibres, par exemple fibres de verre et/ou toute autre bande adaptée. Ces bandes 5, 6, 7 ont par exemple une largeur d'environ 50 mm. Les nappes de fibres ont individuellement par exemple une largeur d'environ 3 à 4 mm. Chaque enroulement peut par ailleurs être obtenu avec des largeurs de bandes 5, 6, 7 différentes, par exemple d'environ 25 mm pour recouvrir les extrémités 42 et environ 50 mm pour la zone médiane 40. Lorsque les bandes 5, 6, 7 sont en fibres et se présentent sous la forme de brins, indépendants les uns des autres, parallèles entre eux, l'alignement des brins peut être assuré par un peigne. Le liant utilisé pour lier les bandes 5, 6, 7 entre elles et éventuellement les bandes aux enveloppes 8, 8' est un liant classique connu de l'Homme du métier.The strips 5, 6, 7 used in these processes may be strips of film, polyester yarns or fibers and / or strips of fibers or sheets of fibers, for example glass fibers and / or any other suitable strip. These strips 5, 6, 7 have for example a width of about 50 mm. The layers of fibers individually have, for example, a width of approximately 3 to 4 mm. Each winding can also be obtained with widths of strips 5, 6, 7 different, for example about 25 mm to cover the ends 42 and about 50 mm for the central zone 40. When the bands 5, 6, 7 are made of fibers and are in the form of strands, independent of each other, parallel to each other, the alignment of the strands can be provided by a comb. The binder used to bind the strips 5, 6, 7 together and possibly the strips to the envelopes 8, 8 'is a conventional binder known to those skilled in the art.

Les étapes du procédé selon l'invention décrites précédemment peuvent être mises en oeuvre pour réaliser une sous-couche résistante, par exemple en polyester et répétées afin de réaliser la couche en matériau composite à proprement parler.The steps of the method according to the invention described above can be implemented to produce a resistant underlayer, for example polyester and repeated in order to achieve the layer of composite material itself.

On peut aussi utiliser un mandrin ayant une seule extrémité munie d'une extrémité de type "cloche", l'autre extrémité du mandrin étant classique en soi dans la mesure où un seul corps de type "cloche" doit être fabriqué sur le mandrin. Mais on peut aussi prévoir un mandrin comportant plusieurs gorges circulaires périphériques, par exemple deux, voire plus, espacées axialement l'une de l'autre selon l'axe longitudinal X pour fabriquer simultanément, sur un même mandrin, deux corps creux de type "cloche" et un, voire plus, corps creux tubulaire type cylindrique ou tronconique.It is also possible to use a mandrel having a single end provided with a "bell" type end, the other end of the mandrel being conventional per se, insofar as a single "bell" type body must be manufactured on the mandrel. But it is also possible to provide a mandrel comprising a plurality of peripheral circular grooves, for example two or more, axially spaced from one another along the longitudinal axis X to manufacture simultaneously, on the same mandrel, two hollow bodies of the " bell "and one or more, tubular hollow body type cylindrical or frustoconical.

Claims (8)

  1. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) for composite electrical insulators (1), during which process a first helicoidal winding (50, 60, 70) around a mandrel (4) having a longitudinal axis (X) of at least a strip (5, 6, 7) is produced, characterized in that a mandrel (4) having at least one end (42) at least in part spherical shaped is used to produce a hollow body (2) for composite electrical insulator (1) that is "bell" shaped and at least one peripheral circular groove (41) dividing into at least two parts the central region (40) between the ends (42) of said mandrel (4), this central region (40) being a cylinder of revolution, in that said first helicoidal winding (50, 60, 70) is produced so as to form at least one hollow body (2) for "bell" shaped composite electrical insulator (1), and in that said first helical winding (50, 60, 70) is sectioned transversally to said longitudinal axis (X), along said peripheral groove (41) to produce at least two hollow bodies (2) for composite electrical insulators (1) with at least one of which is "bell" shaped, and in that these two hollow bodies (2) are separated axially from each other so as to remove them from said mandrel (4).
  2. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotatably mandrel (4) is used.
  3. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first helical winding (50) of contiguous turns is produced around said central region (40) between the ends (42) of said mandrel (4) and around said end (42), at least partly of said first helicoidal winding (50) is covered with a second helicoidal winding (60) with intersecting non-contiguous turns, and at least partly of said second helicoidal winding (60) is covered with a third helicoidal winding (70) with contiguous turns.
  4. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least partly said end (42) and the adjacent end of the central region (40) between the ends (42) of said mandrel (4) is covered by means of at least a shell (8, 8') separate from said strip (5, 6, 7), and in that after that, at least the edges of said shell (8, 8') covering said adjacent end of said central region (40) is covered by means of said helicoidal winding (50, 60, 70) to bond said helicoidal winding (50, 60, 70) to said shell (8, 8').
  5. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that at least a shell (8, 8') having a shape of flower petals, whose center is provided with an orifice (80, 80') suitable to receive the axis of said mandrel (4) is used, and whose periphery is provided with petals (81, 81') suitable to conform to said end (42) and to the adjacent end of said central region (40).
  6. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that at least a first helicoidal winding (50) of at least a first strip (5) around said central region (40) is produced before covering said end (42) by means of said shell (8, 8') and carrying at least a second helicoidal winding (70) by means of a second strip (7) over said first helicoidal winding (50) and said edges of said shell (8, 8').
  7. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that several shells (8, 8') that are superposed to each other and that are angularly offset relative to one from each other about said longitudinal axis (X) are used.
  8. A process for manufacturing hollow body (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that a mandrel (4) with said end (42) has a shape at least partly spherical and extended toward said longitudinal axis (X) by a substantially flat portion and substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis (X) is used.
EP12731082.9A 2011-05-27 2012-05-29 Process for manufacturing a hollow body for composite electrical insulators and hollow body obtained with such a process Not-in-force EP2715744B1 (en)

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PL12731082T PL2715744T3 (en) 2011-05-27 2012-05-29 Process for manufacturing a hollow body for composite electrical insulators and hollow body obtained with such a process

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1154630A FR2975814B1 (en) 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BODIES FOR COMPOSITE ELECTRIC INSULATORS AND HOLLOW BODIES OBTAINED WITH SUCH A METHOD
PCT/FR2012/051197 WO2012164215A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2012-05-29 Process for manufacturing a hollow body for composite electrical insulators and hollow body obtained with such a process

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EP2715744A1 EP2715744A1 (en) 2014-04-09
EP2715744B1 true EP2715744B1 (en) 2015-07-08

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FR (1) FR2975814B1 (en)
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DE102019117501A1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-31 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Process for the production of an electrical hollow insulator, electrical hollow insulator and use of an electrical hollow insulator

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FR2079896A5 (en) * 1970-02-16 1971-11-12 Merlin Gerin
CH538186A (en) * 1972-09-21 1973-06-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Process for the production of a molded, electrically insulating, hardenable plastic housing for high-voltage circuit breakers and a housing produced by the process
FR2428905A1 (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-01-11 Merlin Gerin INSULATING ENCLOSURE WITH INCORPORATED PROTECTION NET FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT WITH GAS INSULATION
US4495381A (en) 1982-09-30 1985-01-22 General Electric Company Dynamic load bearing transmission line support member
DE19653527C1 (en) * 1996-12-20 1998-08-13 Hsp Hochspannungsgeraete Porz Bushing, particularly for HV transformer with manufacturing method
US7799160B2 (en) * 2007-07-13 2010-09-21 Chung Shan Institute Of Science And Technology, Armaments Bureau, M.N.D. Method for manufacturing composite container with different opening sizes
WO2011026519A1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Abb Research Ltd Hollow electric insulator and manufacturing thereof

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EP2715744A1 (en) 2014-04-09
FR2975814A1 (en) 2012-11-30
PL2715744T3 (en) 2015-12-31
WO2012164215A1 (en) 2012-12-06

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