EP2712709B1 - Spannwerkzeug und sein Spannverfahren - Google Patents

Spannwerkzeug und sein Spannverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2712709B1
EP2712709B1 EP13186061.1A EP13186061A EP2712709B1 EP 2712709 B1 EP2712709 B1 EP 2712709B1 EP 13186061 A EP13186061 A EP 13186061A EP 2712709 B1 EP2712709 B1 EP 2712709B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque
longitudinal direction
tool according
deformable body
clamping
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Active
Application number
EP13186061.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2712709A1 (de
Inventor
Didier Respaud
Marcel Schmiedel
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One Too
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One Too
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Publication of EP2712709A1 publication Critical patent/EP2712709A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/02—Screwdrivers operated by rotating the handle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0007—Connections or joints between tool parts
    • B25B23/0035—Connection means between socket or screwdriver bit and tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1425—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by electrical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a clamping tool according to the preamble of claim 1 for fixing, in particular by screwing, any mechanical member. It can typically be screws or bolts.
  • the invention also relates to a method for determining torque when clamping according to the preamble of claim 14.
  • a tool and such a method is known from the document EP 1 022 097 A2 .
  • the document FR-A1-2 843 326 shows a torque wrench comprising an elastically deformable body and carrying two extensometers arranged at different distances from the clamping axis and connected in a Wheatstone bridge circuit and signal processing means from two extensometers for determining the value tightening torque.
  • the elastically deformable body can be connected to different extensions in order to ensure both a high torque measurement range and a high accuracy of the measurement.
  • the two different locations of the extensometers allow the determination of the bending moment at two different points in order to obtain the distance between the hand position on the key and the axis of the screwing.
  • a disadvantage of the torque wrench described is that a precise tightening with low torque can not be ensured, caused by the self weight of the lever of the key applying a force on the handle of the key and thus transmitting a torque to the element of fixation.
  • the invention overcomes all or part of the disadvantages of existing techniques and proposes in particular a clamping tool according to claim 1, the range of use is extended over the prior art.
  • the invention allows a screwing both in the form of a wrench and in the form of a screwdriver, while being able to ensure a determination of the tightening torque in these two modes of operation thanks to a direction detection of the torque.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the user with the possibility of maneuvering it either by rotation about its own longitudinal axis marked "x" on the following representations, by making it coincide with the main axis of the fastening element around which the latter must rotate to ensure the screwing, either by pivoting the invention perpendicularly to the main axis of the fastener and by performing the rotation intended to exert the tightening torque around the main axis marked "z" on the following representations of the fastener.
  • a torque determining device advantageously with electronic means for measuring the tightening torque and measuring the clamping angle in the two working directions using removable extensions of different lengths, and the automatic detection of said extensions or using fixed extensions in order to adapt the processing parameters and obtain a value of torque always faithful whatever the drive member used.
  • a clamping tool comprising: a handle having a longitudinal direction X, a plurality of interchangeable drive parts each capable of rotating a member to be clamped, a drive portion configured to transmit a torque exerted at the handle so as to produce a clamping at a drive part among the plurality of interchangeable drive parts and a torque determining device, the plurality of interchangeable drive parts comprises at the less a first drive part configured to rotate the member to be clamped in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction X and at least a second drive piece configured to rotate the member to be clamped in a second different direction longitudinal direction and in that it comprises means for detecting the direction ection of the couple.
  • a method of determining torque when clamping a member to be clamped by means of a clamping tool which has a handle having a longitudinal direction X, a plurality interchangeable drive parts each capable of rotating a member to be tightened, a driving portion configured to transmit a torque exerted at the handle so as to produce a clamping at a workpiece among the plurality of interchangeable drive parts, wherein a clamping tool is used in which the plurality of interchangeable drive members comprises at least a first drive member configured to rotate the clamp member in a parallel direction; in the longitudinal direction X and at least one second workpiece configured to rotate the body to be tightened along a second direction different from the longitudinal direction, and comprising: a step of detecting the direction of the torque and a step of calculating the torque in which calculation parameters are adapted according to the direction of the detected torque.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a part of the tool according to the invention.
  • a handle 1 constitutes the gripping part by the user. In the example it comprises, distributed on its outer periphery, contact portions 4 providing increased friction so as to avoid slippage during handling of the tool.
  • the handle 1 receives a plug 3 which closes an interior space defined by the body 2 of the handle 1.
  • the longitudinal direction of the handle 1 is represented by the letter x and a transverse direction by the letter z.
  • the figure 5 presents these directions in an orthogonal coordinate system x, y, z.
  • FIG 2 This one is more visible in figure 2 which reveals that the portion 23 is a distal end of a test body 14 by which a tightening torque, exerted at the handle 1, can be transmitted to an organ to be clamped.
  • the drive portion 23 has a profile and dimensions adapted to a mechanical transmission of the torque to a drive part.
  • a part of such a drive part is visible in the form of a sleeve 24, also visible in figure 6 .
  • a first end of the sleeve 24 has a coupling cavity 26 at which can be fitted another portion (not shown) of a drive part, while preserving the transmission of the tightening torque.
  • the tool is biased about the x-axis while it is biased around an orthogonal axis x (y or z) in the second case.
  • the body 2 of the handle 1 can contain some other components of the tool.
  • a housing 7 is fixedly mounted (for example by screws) in the volume of the body 2 and has an elongated configuration providing tool placement areas of the tool. At a proximal end, the housing 7 has a location 58, configured to receive a supply 9 such a mono or multi-component battery.
  • the housing 7 then comprises a location 10 for receiving the processing means.
  • the latter may comprise at least one processor and data storage means, in particular program codes encoding calculation programs and parameter data making it possible to apply to the data processing different parameters depending on the type of training part and the direction of the torque (twisting or flexing).
  • the processing means are advantageously wholly or partly contained on one or more electronic cards 11.
  • This or these electronic cards 11 also advantageously have any interface element for the input and / or output of information to or from the means treatment.
  • this interface can inject information (signals) for direction detection of the torque or type of workpiece.
  • the interface also allows the provision of display or sound information in the direction (with or without wire) of a display or means of sound reproduction.
  • the housing 7 has a location 12 for connection to a deformable body 6.
  • the latter is visible in FIG. figure 5 especially. It has a connecting portion 13 adapted to be inserted in the location 12 and to be fixed (by screwing for example). It then comprises a test body 14 whose measurement function will be explained later, then a distal end at which the drive portion 23 is formed and allowing cooperation with the bushing 24 of one of the parts of FIG. training.
  • the handle assembly 1, housing 7, deformable body 6 and drive part is configured to allow the transmission of the torque exerted by a user to the body to be clamped. In this sense, the deformable body 6 is deformable only inelastically and only in small proportions, useful for measurements, but not significant in terms of torque loss.
  • all these parts are preferably metallic.
  • the body 6 comprises a test body 14 of smaller section than the connecting portion 13 and the driving portion 23.
  • This test body 14 is the place of a deformation during the application of a tightening torque. This deformation is due either to a torsion of axis x, or a transverse axis bending to x.
  • the test body 14 is preferably flattened so as to define two planes 15, 16 parallel to each other and to the x axis.
  • the test body 14 further comprises two successive sections 17, 18 along the x-axis and different areas in cross section, for example by forming a reduction in width at the section 17.
  • figure 5 schematizes the implantation of extensometers 19, 21, which may be of common design, at the level of section 17 and section 18, respectively.
  • figure 9 shows in greater detail these extensometers which each consist of four strain gauges with a pair of gauges is mounted on a plane 15 and the second is mounted on the opposite plane 16, and each pair is composed of a strain gauge turned 45 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the elastically deformable body and 90 ° relative to the second gauge, and which are all advantageously all connected in a Wheatstone bridge circuit to determine the deformation by location.
  • the extensions 17 and 18 each consist of a deformation gauge rosette positioned on a plane and the opposite plane and containing three gages rotated by 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° and having longitudinal and transverse strain gauges connected. in a Wheatstone circuit and diagonal strain gauges in another Wheatstone circuit to obtain longitudinal and diagonal deformation by location.
  • the figure 9 shows the first configuration with the gauges 20, 22.
  • the Wheatstone bridge structure is well known and here used conventionally. Resistive sensing elements such as extensometers are connected in a known manner, in a Wheatstone bridge circuit, translating the deformation of the elastically deformable body into resistance difference.
  • the bridge circuit is powered by the power supply and controlled by the electronic means of the electronic cards 11.
  • This arrangement of gauges makes it possible, by applying parameters specific to the type of driving part, to determine the torque applied.
  • the extensometers 19 and 21 associated with the means carried by the electronic card or cards 11 thus participate in forming a device for determining the value of the torque.
  • the processing means allow the determination of the value of the tightening torque as a function of the values M1, M2 coming from the extensometers 19, 21.
  • These processing means preferably comprise digital means having a processor such as a microcontroller, an analog digital converter.
  • the electrical signal x (representing for each extensometer 19, 21 a measurement value m1, m2) is received at a current design amplifier capable of increasing the output level.
  • An amplified X value is obtained at the output of the amplifier.
  • This value X is injected into a digital analog conversion type converter to obtain a discrete value Xd constituting a numerical value representative of the electrical values from the extensometers 19, 21.
  • the value of the torque c obtained is independent of the gripping area of the tool by the user.
  • M1 and M2 are the numerical values corresponding to the measurement values of the extensometers 19, 21 and a, b and c of the constants.
  • a memory table has thus been constituted comprising processing parameters that can be used by the microcontroller to determine the value of the C pair.
  • the invention makes it possible to be used both as a "key” and as a “screwdriver", it has the advantage of automatically detecting the direction of the force (twisting or bending) so as to adapt the parameters determining the torque.
  • the tool can operate in very different ranges of effort and automatically adapt to the use that is made without risk of error and with an optimal level of sensitivity in each type of clamping.
  • the invention comprises means for detecting the direction of the torque.
  • these means produce information (signals) different in the direction and transmit the appropriate information to the processing means to apply the appropriate calculation mode.
  • the two determinations are made in parallel with each tightening and only the relevant result is displayed to the user.
  • the computer program application for this determination is understood to include the use of any algorithm encoded by any common means to form an executable code by a processing means such as a microcontroller.
  • the two adapted programs, one for flexion, the other for torsion, can be divided into one overall program. These two programs can also be made on the basis of a single program in which the parameters are simply adapted.
  • An alternative is to have a device sensitive to displacements or angular velocities or accelerations along the x and transverse directions so as to obtain an additional or alternative indication of torque direction. This corresponds to block 101b.
  • the tool advantageously comprises automatic detection means of the drive part type so as to adapt the processing parameters to the characteristics of the drive part.
  • the drive part (here at the sleeve 24) carries an identification member 27 for individualizing relative to other parts.
  • the member 27 is a resistive component having a specific resistance value relative to the members 27 of other parts.
  • the automatic detection of the drive part is effected by switching on the member 27 in an electrical detection circuit. The value of the resistance of the organ 27 will influence on the electrical signal of the circuit and allow to deduce the drive used.
  • the deformable body 6 has an inner duct in the longitudinal direction and forming a transmission duct 28 between the two ends of the body 6.
  • the detection circuit is closed by applying the specific resistance of the member 27 to this circuit.
  • the cables may for example be connected to a detection circuit portion located on an electronic card.
  • all the driving parts include an identification member 27. Only some can be equipped.
  • the drive parts that can be used for screwing that is to say in a screwdriver function
  • the conduit 28 can be used for transmitting other electrical signals.
  • the conduit 28 may be used for the passage of transmission cables of other signals than those indicated above. For example, it can be passed through the conduit 28 control information means carried by the drive parts.
  • the bushing and / or another part of at least one driving part may comprise a conduit, similar to the conduit 28, to ensure the continuity of the latter.
  • the body 6 is in this option the seat of an internal transmission of the detection signals.
  • the dynamometric assembly presented here can cooperate with a remote display electronic unit through advantageously wireless transmission means (in particular by radio waves). In this way, the user can read the torque measurement directly on a separate display without any constraints related to possible wire links.
  • the transmission signals are specifically and characteristically coded by a given key.
  • a start button is advantageously accessible to the user or startup can be controlled remotely.
  • the invention is such that, by automatic detection of direction of torque; it provides stand-alone operation potentially without any further user control other than startup.
  • Couplings used for connection, with torque transmission, of the various components described can be in standard formats with ISO 3120 and ISO 1174 standards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Einspannwerkzeug, umfassend:
    - einen Griff (1) zum Ergreifen mit einer Längsrichtung X,
    - eine Vielzahl von untereinander austauschbaren Antriebsmitteln, die jeweils geeignet sind, ein Einspannorgan in Rotation anzutreiben,
    - einen Antriebsabschnitt (23), der konfiguriert ist, um ein Moment zu übertragen, das am Griff (1) derart ausgeübt wird, dass ein Einspannen an einem Antriebsteil aus der Vielzahl der untereinander austauschbaren Antriebsteile produziert wird,
    - eine Bestimmungsvorrichtung des Moments,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vielzahl der untereinander austauschbaren Antriebsteile wenigstens ein erstes Antriebsteil umfasst, das konfiguriert ist, um das einzuspannende Organ gemäß einer zur Längsrichtung X parallelen Richtung in Rotation anzutreiben und wenigstens ein zweites Antriebsteil, das konfiguriert ist, um das einzuspannende Organ gemäß einer zweiten, von der Längsrichtung unterschiedlichen Richtung in Rotation anzutreiben und dass es Erfassungsmittel der Richtung des Moments umfasst.
  2. Werkzeug gemäß dem voranstehenden Anspruch, bei dem:
    - die Bestimmungsvorrichtung des Einspannmoments ein erstes Computerprogramm zur Bestimmung des Moments umfasst, das auf das erste Antriebsteil Anwendung findet, und ein zweites Programm zur Bestimmung des Moments, das auf das zweite Antriebsprogramm Anwendung findet, und
    - die Mittel zur Bestimmung der Richtung des Moments konfiguriert sind, um der Bestimmungsvorrichtung des Einspannmoments ein erstes Signal zur Erfassung einer Richtung des Moments parallel zur Längsrichtung und ein vom ersten Erfassungssignal unterschiedles zweites Signal einer Richtung des Moments gemäß der zweiten Richtung auszugeben,
    - die Bestimmungsvorrichtung des Moments konfiguriert ist, um das erste Bestimmungsprogramm bei Empfang des ersten Signals anzuwenden und um das zweite Bestimmungsprogramm bei Empfang des zweiten Signals anzuwenden.
  3. Werkzeug gemäß einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Antriebsabschnitt einen verformbaren Körper umfasst, der wenigstens teilweise in das innere Volumen des Griffs integriert ist und bei dem die Bestimmungsvorrichtung wenigstens zwei Extensometer (19, 21) umfasst, die sich je nach der Längsrichtung in unterschiedlichen Bereichen des verformbaren Körpers befinden.
  4. Werkzeug gemäß dem voranstehenden Anspruch, bei dem die Bereiche des verformbaren Körpers, in denen sich die Extensometer (19, 21) befinden, zur Längsrichtung unterschiedliche transversale Abschnitte haben.
  5. Werkzeug gemäß einem der zwei voranstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die zwei Extensometer (19, 21) konfiguriert sind, um jeweils einen Verformungswert (E1, E2) in einer von der Längsrichtung und der zweiten Richtung definierten Ebene zu liefern und bei dem die Erfassungsmittel konfiguriert sind, um für die Verformungswerte identische Zeichen zu erfassen, die einer zur Längsrichtung parallelen Richtung des Moments entsprechen und um entgegengesetzte Zeichen zu erfassen, die einer Richtung des Moments gemäß der zweiten Richtung entsprechen.
  6. Werkzeug gemäß einem der zwei voranstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der verformbare Körper eine erste Ebene (15) und eine zweite Ebene (16) umfasst, die untereinander parallel sind und bei dem jeder Extensometer (19, 21) zwei Paar Eichmaßsätze (20, 22) umfasst, die auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen aus der ersten Ebene (15) und der zweiten Ebene (16) angeordnet sind.
  7. Werkzeug gemäß dem voranstehenden Anspruch, bei dem jeder Eichmaßsatz ein erste Eichmaß (20) und ein zweite Eichmaß (22) umfasst, die symmetrisch um 45° um die Längsrichtung angeordnet sind.
  8. Werkzeug gemäß Anspruch 6, bei dem jeder Eichmaßsatz ein erstes Eichmaß (20) und ein zweites Eichmaß (22), die jeweils gemäß der Längsachse x und lotrecht zur Längsachse x angeordnet sind, wobei die ersten und zweiten Eichmaße der Extensometer (19, 21) als Wheatstone-Brücke derart verbunden sind, dass eine Flexionsangabe des verformbaren Körpers (6) geliefert wird, und ein drittes Eichmaß, das in 45° relativ zu den ersten und zweiten Eichmaßen umfasst, wobei die dritten Eichmaße in zwei Wheatstone-Punkten derart verbunden sind, dass eine Verdrehungsangabe des verformbaren Körpers geliefert wird.
  9. Werkzeug gemäß Anspruch 3 bis 8, bei dem der verformbare Körper eine Längsübertragungsleitung (28) von elektrischen Signalen umfasst.
  10. Werkzeug gemäß dem voranstehenden Anspruch, umfassend Mittel zur automatischen Erfassung von Typen von Antriebsmitteln, die konfiguriert sind, um für jeden Typ von Antriebsmitteln ein unterschiedliches elektrisches Signal zu generieren, wobei das genannte elektrische Signal in Richtung der Bestimmungsvorrichtung von einem distalen Ende des verformbaren Körpers (6) bis zum anderen Ende des verformbaren Körpers (6) über die Leitung (28) übertragen wird.
  11. Vorrichtung gemäß dem voranstehenden Anschluss, bei dem wenigstens eines der Antriebsteile eine an das distale Ende des verformbaren Körpers anschließbare Buchse (24) umfasst, wobei die Buchse (24) ein Identifizierungsorgan (27) mit einem spezifischen Widerstandswert trägt und einen elektrischen Erfassungsschaltkreis schließt, der mit einem Sensor zusammenwirkt, um Mittel zur automatischen Erfassung zu bilden.
  12. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Erfassungsmittel wenigstens eines umfassen von: ein Goniometer, das für die Winkel rund um die Längsachse und um die zweite Richtung sensibel ist, ein Gyroskop, das für die Geschwindigkeiten gemäß der Längsrichtung und der zweiten Richtung sensibel ist, einen Beschleunigungsmesser, der für die Beschleunigungen gemäß der Längsrichtung und der zweiten Richtung sensibel ist.
  13. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Bestimmungsvorrichtung des Moments wenigstens eine elektronische Karte (11) zur digitalen Verarbeitung umfasst, umfassend einen Prozessor und Datenspeichermittel.
  14. Bestimmungsverfahren des Moments bei einem Einspannen eines mithilfe eines Einspannwerkzeugs einzuspannenden Organs, das umfasst:
    - einen Griff (1) zum Greifen mit einer Längsrichtung X,
    - eine Vielzahl von untereinander austauschbaren Antriebsteilen, die jeweils geeignet sind, ein einzuspannendes Organ in Rotation anzutreiben,
    - einen Antriebsabschnitt (23), der konfiguriert ist, um ein am Griff (1) ausgeübtes Moment derart zu übertragen, dass ein Einspannen an einem Antriebsteil aus der Vielzahl der untereinander austauschbaren Antriebsteile produziert wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    das Einspannwerkzeug verwendet wird, in dem die Vielzahl von untereinander austauschbaren Antriebsteilen wenigstens ein erstes Antriebsteil umfasst, das konfiguriert ist, um in Rotation das einzuspannende Organ gemäß einer zur Längsrichtung X parallelen Richtung und wenigstens ein zweites Antriebsteil, das konfiguriert ist, um das einzuspannende Organ gemäß einer zweiten, von der Längsrichtung unterschiedlichen Richtung in Rotation anzutreiben, umfasst, und dass es umfasst:
    - eine Erfassungsstufe der Richtung des Moments
    - eine Berechnungsstufe des Moments, in der die Berechnungsparameter in Abhängigkeit von der erfassten Richtung des Moments angepasst sind.
EP13186061.1A 2012-10-01 2013-09-26 Spannwerkzeug und sein Spannverfahren Active EP2712709B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1259250A FR2996155B1 (fr) 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 Outil de serrage et son procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2712709A1 EP2712709A1 (de) 2014-04-02
EP2712709B1 true EP2712709B1 (de) 2015-09-23

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EP (1) EP2712709B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2556883T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2996155B1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014104508A1 (de) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-01 Weber Schraubautomaten Gmbh Werkzeug
IT201900024730A1 (it) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-19 Atlas Copco Ind Technique Ab Attrezzo di serraggio con controllo della coppia di serraggio.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1308592B1 (it) * 1999-01-22 2002-01-08 Blm S A S Di L Bareggi & C Chave dinamometrica con sensore di angolo senza riferimento esterno
DE19904773C1 (de) * 1999-02-05 2000-09-28 Raimund Wilhelm Intelligente Nuß
FR2843326B1 (fr) * 2002-08-12 2005-04-15 One Too Cle dynamometrique
US8201464B2 (en) * 2008-09-02 2012-06-19 Easco Hand Tools Inc Electronic torque wrench with a manual input device
US8327741B2 (en) * 2010-02-03 2012-12-11 Chihching Hsieh Torque wrench and method for determining rotational angle of torque wrench

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EP2712709A1 (de) 2014-04-02
FR2996155A1 (fr) 2014-04-04
ES2556883T3 (es) 2016-01-20
FR2996155B1 (fr) 2014-10-17

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