EP2710710A2 - Electric machine having an axial spring element - Google Patents

Electric machine having an axial spring element

Info

Publication number
EP2710710A2
EP2710710A2 EP12713911.1A EP12713911A EP2710710A2 EP 2710710 A2 EP2710710 A2 EP 2710710A2 EP 12713911 A EP12713911 A EP 12713911A EP 2710710 A2 EP2710710 A2 EP 2710710A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
spring element
elements
ring
electric machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12713911.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Richter
Dariusz Suarez-Seminario
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2710710A2 publication Critical patent/EP2710710A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C25/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • F16C25/083—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting with resilient means acting axially on a race ring to preload the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/26—Attachments or mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49012—Rotor

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to rotary electric machines, in particular electrical machines, in which an axial spring element is arranged between the rotor body and the bearing of the rotor shaft.
  • a rotor body carrying a rotor armature is usually arranged on a rotor shaft.
  • the rotor shaft is supported by corresponding ball bearings in a housing of the electrical machine.
  • JP 2000 30 8305 A is also known that between a ball bearing and the rotor body on the rotor shaft, a washer is arranged, which supports the rotor axially against the ball bearing.
  • the washer is designed as a spring element with an annular part, on which radially projecting spring parts are formed, which are resiliently supported on the rotor armature.
  • an electric machine is known in which the axial spring element is fixedly attached to the rotor armature.
  • an axial spring element for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1 and an electric machine and a method provided for assembling the electric machine according to the independent claims.
  • an axial spring element with two mutually axially spaced circumferential annular elements, which are resiliently interconnected, is provided, wherein at least one of the ring elements has one or more holding elements to clamp the spring element with a rotor and the spring element characterized to hold the rotor.
  • the above axial spring element provides that it can be connected to the rotor, without constructive intervention in the rotor body or rotor shaft are necessary. At the same time, however, it is ensured that the axial spring element can also be applied to a vertical rotor shaft and can be connected to the rotor so that it can not come loose from the rotor.
  • the axial spring element provides on its outer part resilient retaining elements, which hold by press-fitting on the rotor, in particular on an insulating lamella of the rotor body or the rotor shaft.
  • the elastic holding elements have the advantage that manufacturing and assembly-related tolerances can be compensated. Due to the clamping connection between the retaining elements of the spring element and the rotor acceleration forces of the rotor can be transmitted directly to the spring element, so that a relative movement in the form of a slip between see the rotor and the spring element during engine operation is no longer possible.
  • the one or more holding elements are each formed with a holding claw, which protrude in the radial direction to the outside of the relevant ring element.
  • the one or more holding elements may each be formed with a holding claw, which protrude inward in the radial direction of the respective ring element.
  • the ring element, on which the one or more holding elements is arranged may be larger than another of the ring elements and wherein the corresponding holding claws project obliquely in the direction of the further ring element.
  • an electrical machine in particular for use in a motor vehicle, comprising:
  • a rotor with a rotor shaft and a rotor body arranged thereon;
  • the spring element has at its end facing the rotor body in the axial direction one or more holding elements, with which the rotor body facing the end can be braced so that the spring element is held on the rotor body.
  • the rotor body can be hen with a cylindrical inner recess, in which the spring element is inserted.
  • the inner recess is formed by a hollow cylindrical insulating lamella, on which an anchor packet of anchor blades is applied.
  • a method for mounting an electric machine wherein before inserting a rotor into a housing part, the above spring element is pushed onto a rotor shaft of the rotor, at least until the holding element or elements secures the spring element against falling out, and then the Rotor is used with the spring elements in the housing part, so that the rotor shaft is held by the bearing.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of an electrical machine
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C are views of the axial spring element according to an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a rotor with inserted spring element
  • Figure 5 is a view of the axial spring element according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a part of an electrical machine 1.
  • the electric machine 1 corresponds to an internal rotor electric motor in the present embodiment.
  • the electric machine 1 comprises a housing part 2, which is designed as a pole pot.
  • the pole pot can be made of a metallic material in one piece, for example by deep drawing or comparable manufacturing methods.
  • the housing part 2 has at a front end a circular cylindrical recess 3, in which a bearing 4 can be accommodated in the form of a ball or roller bearing. In the mounted state, the bearing 4 is completely or partially received in the recess 3 and held by the peripheral wall of the recess 3 at least in the radial direction against slipping.
  • the bearing 4 is formed in a conventional manner with an inner part 41 and an outer part 42, which are arranged rotatably to each other by rollers or balls (not shown).
  • the inner part 41 has a concentric to the outer periphery of the bearing 4 through hole 43.
  • a rotor 5 which has a rotor body 52 on a rotor shaft 51.
  • the rotor body 52 further includes a rotor armature 55 attached to the rotor shaft 51.
  • a substantially cylindrical insulating part 53 is provided between the rotor shaft 51 and the rotor armature 52 which defines a substantially circular cylindrical inner recess 54.
  • the rotor armature 52 is designed, for example, as a disk pack, which is placed on the insulating part 53.
  • an elastic spring element 6 is arranged to axially clamp the rotor shaft 51 relative to the bearing 4.
  • the spring element 6 is supported on the one hand on the inner part 41 of the bearing 4 and on the other hand on the rotor body 52 from.
  • the spring element 6 has an inner ring 61 and an outer ring 62, which are formed concentrically to receive the rotor shaft 51 and are offset axially relative to one another.
  • the inner ring 61 and the outer ring 62 are interconnected by means of webs 63 arranged in a spiral manner or at least obliquely to the radial direction.
  • the webs 63 are formed so that they allow an axially resilient displacement of the inner ring 61 and the outer ring 62 to each other to provide a spring travel in the axial direction.
  • the axial spring element 6 is produced, for example, as a stamped and bent part from spring steel and can have stiffeners in a suitable form in order to prevent the inner ring 61 or the outer ring 62 from being displaced.
  • the outer ring 62 has retaining claws 64 projecting on its outer circumference as elastic retaining elements, with which the spring element 6 can be pressed into the inner recess 54, so that the retaining claws 64 bear against a circumferential inner wall of the Press inner recess 54 and so secure the spring element 6 against falling out of the inner recess 54.
  • the outer ends of the retaining claws 65 define a diameter which is larger than the diameter of the rotor shaft 51.
  • the retaining claws 64 are preferably distributed around the circumferential direction of the outer ring 62.
  • the number of retaining claws 64 is preferably three, but only two or more than three retaining claws 64 may be provided.
  • the retaining claws 64 are preferably in the radial direction outwardly and obliquely in the direction of the inner ring 61 from, d. H. in the direction of the bearing 4. In this way, it is possible during assembly of the electric machine 1 in a simple manner, the spring element 6 to be inserted into the rotor recess 54 until the retaining claw 64 is braced with the inner surface of the insulating lamella 53 and so a reliable fit of Ensures spring element 6.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show different views of a spring element 6 introduced into the inner recess 54 of the rotor 5. It can be seen that the outer ends of the retaining claw 64 rest against the inner wall of the inner recess 54 and thus hold the spring element 6 concentric with the rotor shaft 51.
  • the axial spring element 6 is at least axially fixed to the pre-assembled rotor 5 by being inserted into the inner recess 54.
  • the spring element 6 is reliably held on the rotor 5, so that the rotor 5 also over head by means of so-called blind assembly in the previously mounted in the housing part 2 bearing 4th can be introduced. Due to the axial mounting force, the axial bias of the spring element 6 can be adjusted. In the case of thermal expansion during operation, the rotor body 52 can then be displaced relative to the housing part 2 while maintaining an axial clamping force, without the spring element 6 being able to tilt on the rotor shaft 51.
  • the holding elements may also be in the form of radially inwardly extending retaining claws 65, which are arranged on the outer ring 62. Also in this embodiment, the retaining claws are preferably obliquely in
  • the inner ends of the retaining claws 65 define a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the rotor shaft 51. In this case, during mounting, the retaining claws 65 can be clamped to the rotor shaft 51.

Abstract

The invention relates to an axial spring element (6) having two peripheral ring elements (61, 62) that are spaced from one another in the axial direction and are connected to one another in a spring-elastic manner, wherein at least one of the ring elements (61) comprises one or more retaining elements (64) in order to brace the spring element with a rotor (5) and thereby hold the spring element on the rotor (5).

Description

Beschreibung  description
Elektrische Maschine mit einem axialen Federelement Electric machine with an axial spring element
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft im Allgemeinen rotatorische elektrische Maschinen, insbesondere elektrische Maschinen, bei denen zwischen Rotorkörper und Lagerung der Rotorwelle ein axiales Federelement angeordnet ist. The invention generally relates to rotary electric machines, in particular electrical machines, in which an axial spring element is arranged between the rotor body and the bearing of the rotor shaft.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bei elektrischen Maschinen mit einem Innenläufer ist ein Rotorkörper, der einen Rotoranker trägt, in der Regel an einer Rotorwelle angeordnet. Die Rotorwelle wird durch entsprechende Kugellager in einem Gehäuse der elektrischen Maschine gelagert. In electric machines with an internal rotor, a rotor body carrying a rotor armature is usually arranged on a rotor shaft. The rotor shaft is supported by corresponding ball bearings in a housing of the electrical machine.
Aus der Druckschrift JP 2000 30 8305 A ist zudem bekannt, dass zwischen ei- nem Kugellager und dem Rotorkörper auf der Rotorwelle eine Unterlegscheibe angeordnet ist, die den Rotor axial gegenüber dem Kugellager abstützt. Dabei ist die Unterlegscheibe als ein Federelement mit einem Ringteil ausgebildet, an dem radial abstehende Federteile angeformt sind, die sich federnd am Rotoranker abstützen. Aus der Druckschrift DE 2004 041 074 A1 ist eine elektrische Maschine bekannt, bei der das axiale Federelement fest an dem Rotoranker angebracht ist. From JP 2000 30 8305 A is also known that between a ball bearing and the rotor body on the rotor shaft, a washer is arranged, which supports the rotor axially against the ball bearing. In this case, the washer is designed as a spring element with an annular part, on which radially projecting spring parts are formed, which are resiliently supported on the rotor armature. From the publication DE 2004 041 074 A1 an electric machine is known in which the axial spring element is fixedly attached to the rotor armature.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß ist ein axiales Federelement für eine rotatorische elektrische Maschine gemäß Anspruch 1 sowie eine elektrische Maschine und ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbau der elektrischen Maschine gemäß den nebengeordneten Ansprüchen vorgesehen. According to the invention, an axial spring element for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1 and an electric machine and a method provided for assembling the electric machine according to the independent claims.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt ist ein axiales Federelement mit zwei zueinander in axialer Richtung beabstandeten umlaufenden Ringelementen, die federelastisch miteinander verbunden sind, vorgesehen, wobei mindestens einer der Ringelemente ein oder mehrere Haltelemente aufweist, um das Federelement mit einem Rotor zu verspannen und das Federelement dadurch an dem Rotor zu halten. According to a first aspect, an axial spring element with two mutually axially spaced circumferential annular elements, which are resiliently interconnected, is provided, wherein at least one of the ring elements has one or more holding elements to clamp the spring element with a rotor and the spring element characterized to hold the rotor.
Eine Idee des obigen axialen Federelements besteht darin, eine sichere und gleichzeitig einfache und robuste Montage des Federelements beim Aufbau einer elektrischen Maschine zu gewährleisten. Im bekannten Stand der Technik muss- te konstruktiv in das Design des Rotors insbesondere des Rotorkörpers eingegriffen werden, um das axiale Federelement fest an dem Rotorkörper zu sichern. Dies führte zu Änderungsaufwand und/oder zu Erhöhungen des Aufwands beim Design der den Rotor, insbesondere den Rotorkörper betreffenden Bauteile. Daher sieht das obige axiale Federelement vor, dass es mit dem Rotor verbunden werden kann, ohne dass konstruktive Eingriffe in Rotorkörper oder Rotorwelle notwendig sind. Gleichzeitig ist jedoch gewährleistet, dass das axiale Federelement auch auf eine senkrecht stehende Rotorwelle aufgebracht kann und so mit dem Rotor verbunden werden kann, dass es sich nicht von dem Rotor lösen kann. One idea of the above axial spring element is to ensure a safe and at the same time simple and robust mounting of the spring element in the construction of an electrical machine. In the known state of the art, the design of the rotor, in particular of the rotor body, had to be structurally intervened in order to secure the axial spring element firmly to the rotor body. This led to modification effort and / or increases in the cost of the design of the rotor, in particular the rotor body components. Therefore, the above axial spring element provides that it can be connected to the rotor, without constructive intervention in the rotor body or rotor shaft are necessary. At the same time, however, it is ensured that the axial spring element can also be applied to a vertical rotor shaft and can be connected to the rotor so that it can not come loose from the rotor.
Dazu sieht das axiale Federelement an seinem Außenteil federnde Halteelemente vor, die sich durch Presspassung an dem Rotor, insbesondere an einer Isolierlamelle des Rotorkörpers oder der Rotorwelle, festhalten. Dadurch ist eine axiale Fixierung des Federelements möglich, ohne Rotorbauteile verändern zu müssen. Weiterhin haben die elastischen Halteelemente den Vorteil, dass herstellungs- und montagebedingte Toleranzen ausgeglichen werden können. Durch die Klemmverbindung zwischen den Halteelementen des Federelements und dem Rotor können Beschleunigungskräfte des Rotors direkt auf das Federelement übertragen werden, so dass eine Relativbewegung in Form eines Schlupfes zwi- sehen dem Rotor und dem Federelement während des Motorbetriebs nicht mehr möglich ist. For this purpose, the axial spring element provides on its outer part resilient retaining elements, which hold by press-fitting on the rotor, in particular on an insulating lamella of the rotor body or the rotor shaft. As a result, an axial fixation of the spring element is possible without having to change rotor components. Furthermore, the elastic holding elements have the advantage that manufacturing and assembly-related tolerances can be compensated. Due to the clamping connection between the retaining elements of the spring element and the rotor acceleration forces of the rotor can be transmitted directly to the spring element, so that a relative movement in the form of a slip between see the rotor and the spring element during engine operation is no longer possible.
Es kann weiterhin vorgesehen sein, dass das eine oder die mehreren Haltelemente jeweils mit einer Haltekralle ausgebildet sind, die in radialer Richtung nach außen von dem betreffenden Ringelement abstehen. It may further be provided that the one or more holding elements are each formed with a holding claw, which protrude in the radial direction to the outside of the relevant ring element.
Weiterhin können das eine oder die mehreren Haltelemente jeweils mit einer Haltekralle ausgebildet sein, die in radialer Richtung nach innen von dem betreffenden Ringelement abstehen. Furthermore, the one or more holding elements may each be formed with a holding claw, which protrude inward in the radial direction of the respective ring element.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann das Ringelement, an dem das eine oder die mehreren Halteelemente angeordnet ist, größer sein als ein weiteres der Ringelemente und wobei die entsprechenden Haltekrallen schräg in Richtung des weiteren Ringelementes abstehen. According to a further embodiment, the ring element, on which the one or more holding elements is arranged, may be larger than another of the ring elements and wherein the corresponding holding claws project obliquely in the direction of the further ring element.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt ist eine elektrische Maschine, insbesondere zum Einsatz in einem Kraftfahrzeug, vorgesehen, umfassend: According to a further aspect, an electrical machine, in particular for use in a motor vehicle, is provided, comprising:
- einen Rotor mit einer Rotorwelle und einem daran angeordneten Rotor- körper;  a rotor with a rotor shaft and a rotor body arranged thereon;
- ein Gehäuseteil mit einem Lager zur Aufnahme der Rotorwelle des Rotors;  - A housing part with a bearing for receiving the rotor shaft of the rotor;
- ein elastisches Federelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, das zwischen dem Lager und dem Rotorkörper auf der Rotorwelle angeordnet ist;  - An elastic spring element according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is arranged between the bearing and the rotor body on the rotor shaft;
wobei das Federelement an seinem dem Rotorkörper zugewandten Ende in axialer Richtung ein oder mehrere Halteelemente aufweist, mit der das dem Rotorkörper zugewandte Ende so verspannt werden kann, dass das Federelement an dem Rotorkörper gehalten wird.  wherein the spring element has at its end facing the rotor body in the axial direction one or more holding elements, with which the rotor body facing the end can be braced so that the spring element is held on the rotor body.
Weiterhin kann der Rotorkörper mit einer zylindrischen Innenausnehmung hen sein, in die das Federelement eingesetzt ist. Furthermore, the rotor body can be hen with a cylindrical inner recess, in which the spring element is inserted.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Innenausnehmung durch eine hohlzylindrische Isolierlamelle gebildet ist, auf der ein Ankerpaket aus Ankerlamellen aufgebracht ist. Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt ist ein Verfahren zur Montage einer elektrischen Maschine vorgesehen, wobei vor dem Einsetzen eines Rotors in ein Gehäuseteil das obige Federelement auf eine Rotorwelle des Rotors aufgeschoben wird, zumindest bis das oder die Halteelemente das Federelement gegen ein Herausfallen sichert und wobei anschließend der Rotor mit dem Federelemente in das Gehäuseteil eingesetzt wird, so dass die Rotorwelle durch das Lager gehalten wird. It can be provided that the inner recess is formed by a hollow cylindrical insulating lamella, on which an anchor packet of anchor blades is applied. According to a further aspect, a method for mounting an electric machine is provided, wherein before inserting a rotor into a housing part, the above spring element is pushed onto a rotor shaft of the rotor, at least until the holding element or elements secures the spring element against falling out, and then the Rotor is used with the spring elements in the housing part, so that the rotor shaft is held by the bearing.
Kurzbeschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 eine Explosionsdarstellung einer elektrischen Maschine; Figure 1 is an exploded view of an electrical machine;
Figuren 2A bis 2C Ansichten des axialen Federelements gemäß einer Ausführungsform; FIGS. 2A to 2C are views of the axial spring element according to an embodiment;
Figur 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Rotors mit eingesetztem Federelement; Figure 3 is a perspective view of a rotor with inserted spring element;
Figur 4 eine Draufsicht in axialer Richtung auf den Rotor mit eingesetztem Federelement, 4 shows a plan view in the axial direction of the rotor with inserted spring element,
Figur 5 eine Ansicht des axialen Federelements gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform. Figure 5 is a view of the axial spring element according to another embodiment.
Beschreibung von Ausführungsformen Description of embodiments
In Figur 1 ist eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung eines Teils einer elektrischen Maschine 1 dargestellt. Die elektrische Maschine 1 entspricht im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel einem Innenläufer-Elektromotor. Die elektrische Maschine 1 umfasst ein Gehäuseteil 2, das als Poltopf ausgebildet ist. Der Poltopf kann aus einem metallischen Material einstückig z.B. durch Tiefziehen oder vergleichbaren Herstellungsverfahren ausgebildet sein. Das Gehäuseteil 2 weist an einem stirnseitigen Ende eine kreiszylinderförmige Ausnehmung 3 auf, in der ein Lager 4 in Form eines Kugel- oder Wälzlagers aufgenommen werden kann. Im montierten Zustand ist das Lager 4 vollständig oder teilweise in der Ausnehmung 3 aufgenommen und durch die umlaufende Wand der Ausnehmung 3 zumindest in radialer Richtung gegen ein Verrutschen gehalten. Das Lager 4 ist in herkömmlicher Weise mit einem Innenteil 41 und einem Außenteil 42 ausgebildet, die durch Walzen oder Kugeln (nicht gezeigt) zueinander drehbeweglich angeordnet sind. Das Innenteil 41 weist eine zum Außenumfang des Lagers 4 konzentrische Durchgangsöffnung 43 auf. FIG. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a part of an electrical machine 1. The electric machine 1 corresponds to an internal rotor electric motor in the present embodiment. The electric machine 1 comprises a housing part 2, which is designed as a pole pot. The pole pot can be made of a metallic material in one piece, for example by deep drawing or comparable manufacturing methods. The housing part 2 has at a front end a circular cylindrical recess 3, in which a bearing 4 can be accommodated in the form of a ball or roller bearing. In the mounted state, the bearing 4 is completely or partially received in the recess 3 and held by the peripheral wall of the recess 3 at least in the radial direction against slipping. The bearing 4 is formed in a conventional manner with an inner part 41 and an outer part 42, which are arranged rotatably to each other by rollers or balls (not shown). The inner part 41 has a concentric to the outer periphery of the bearing 4 through hole 43.
Es ist weiterhin ein Rotor 5 vorgesehen, der einen Rotorkörper 52 an eine Rotorwelle 51 aufweist. Der Rotorkörper 52 umfasst weiterhin einen Rotoranker 55, der an der Rotorwelle 51 angebracht ist. Zwischen der Rotorwelle 51 und dem Rotoranker 52 kann ein im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Isolierteil 53 vorgesehen, die eine im Wesentlichen kreiszylindrische Innenausnehmung 54 definiert. Der Rotoranker 52 ist beispielsweise als ein Lamellenpaket ausgebildet, das auf dem Isolierteil 53 aufgesetzt ist. Furthermore, a rotor 5 is provided, which has a rotor body 52 on a rotor shaft 51. The rotor body 52 further includes a rotor armature 55 attached to the rotor shaft 51. Between the rotor shaft 51 and the rotor armature 52, a substantially cylindrical insulating part 53 is provided which defines a substantially circular cylindrical inner recess 54. The rotor armature 52 is designed, for example, as a disk pack, which is placed on the insulating part 53.
Zwischen dem Lager 4 und dem Rotor 5 ist ein elastisches Federelement 6 angeordnet, um die Rotorwelle 51 gegenüber dem Lager 4 axial zu verspannen. Das Federelement 6 stützt sich einerseits an dem Innenteil 41 des Lagers 4 und andererseits an dem Rotorkörper 52 ab. Between the bearing 4 and the rotor 5, an elastic spring element 6 is arranged to axially clamp the rotor shaft 51 relative to the bearing 4. The spring element 6 is supported on the one hand on the inner part 41 of the bearing 4 and on the other hand on the rotor body 52 from.
Wie in den Ansichten der Figuren 2a bis 2c gezeigt, weist das Federelement 6 einen Innenring 61 und einen Außenring 62 auf, die konzentrisch zur Aufnahme der Rotorwelle 51 ausgebildet und axial zueinander versetzt sind. Der Innenring 61 und der Außenring 62 sind über spiralförmige oder zumindest schräg zur radialen Richtung angeordnete Stege 63 miteinander verbunden. Die Stege 63 sind so ausgebildet, dass sie eine axial federnde Verschiebung des Innenrings 61 und des Außenrings 62 zueinander ermöglichen, um einen Federweg in axialer Richtung bereitzustellen. In dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind drei Stege 63 vorgesehen, jedoch ist die Anzahl der Stege 63 im Wesentlichen beliebig, so lange die axiale Federung zwischen dem Innenring 61 und dem Außenring 62 gewährleistet ist. Das axiale Federelement 6 ist beispielsweise als Stanzbiegeteil aus Federstahl hergestellt und kann Versteifungen in geeigneter Form aufweisen, um eine Verlegung des Innenrings 61 bzw. des Außenrings 62 zu verhindern. As shown in the views of FIGS. 2 a to 2 c, the spring element 6 has an inner ring 61 and an outer ring 62, which are formed concentrically to receive the rotor shaft 51 and are offset axially relative to one another. The inner ring 61 and the outer ring 62 are interconnected by means of webs 63 arranged in a spiral manner or at least obliquely to the radial direction. The webs 63 are formed so that they allow an axially resilient displacement of the inner ring 61 and the outer ring 62 to each other to provide a spring travel in the axial direction. In the embodiment shown, three webs 63 are provided, but the number of webs 63 is substantially arbitrary, as long as the axial suspension between the inner ring 61 and the outer ring 62 is ensured. The axial spring element 6 is produced, for example, as a stamped and bent part from spring steel and can have stiffeners in a suitable form in order to prevent the inner ring 61 or the outer ring 62 from being displaced.
In der in den Figuren 2a bis 2c gezeigten Ausführungsform weist der Außenring 62 an seinem Außenumfang abstehende Haltekrallen 64 als elastische Halteelemente auf, mit denen das Federelement 6 in der Innenausnehmung 54 ein- gepresst werden kann, so dass die Haltekrallen 64 gegen eine umlaufende Innenwand der Innenausnehmung 54 drücken und so das Federelement 6 gegen ein Herausfallen aus der Innenausnehmung 54 sichern. Im nicht montierten Zustand definieren die äußeren Enden der Haltekrallen 65 einen Durchmesser der größer ist als der Durchmesser der Rotorwelle 51. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 a to 2 c, the outer ring 62 has retaining claws 64 projecting on its outer circumference as elastic retaining elements, with which the spring element 6 can be pressed into the inner recess 54, so that the retaining claws 64 bear against a circumferential inner wall of the Press inner recess 54 and so secure the spring element 6 against falling out of the inner recess 54. In the unassembled state, the outer ends of the retaining claws 65 define a diameter which is larger than the diameter of the rotor shaft 51.
Die Haltekrallen 64 sind vorzugsweise um die Umfangsrichtung des Außenrings 62 verteilt angeordnet. Die Anzahl der Haltekrallen 64 ist vorzugsweise drei, es können jedoch auch nur zwei oder mehr als drei Haltekrallen 64 vorgesehen sein. The retaining claws 64 are preferably distributed around the circumferential direction of the outer ring 62. The number of retaining claws 64 is preferably three, but only two or more than three retaining claws 64 may be provided.
Die Haltekrallen 64 stehen vorzugsweise in radialer Richtung nach außen und schräg in Richtung des Innenrings 61 ab, d. h. in Richtung des Lagers 4. Auf diese Weise ist es bei der Montage der elektrischen Maschine 1 in einfacher Weise möglich, das Federelement 6 in die Rotorausnehmung 54 einzuschieben, bis die Haltekralle 64 sich mit der Innenfläche der Isolierlamelle 53 verspannt und so einen zuverlässigen Sitz des Federelements 6 gewährleistet. The retaining claws 64 are preferably in the radial direction outwardly and obliquely in the direction of the inner ring 61 from, d. H. in the direction of the bearing 4. In this way, it is possible during assembly of the electric machine 1 in a simple manner, the spring element 6 to be inserted into the rotor recess 54 until the retaining claw 64 is braced with the inner surface of the insulating lamella 53 and so a reliable fit of Ensures spring element 6.
In den Figuren 3 und 4 sind verschiedene Ansichten eines in die Innenausnehmung 54 des Rotors 5 eingebrachten Federelements 6 dargestellt. Man erkennt, dass die äußeren Enden der Haltekralle 64 an der Innenwand der Innenausnehmung 54 anliegen und so das Federelement 6 konzentrisch zur Rotorwelle 51 halten. FIGS. 3 and 4 show different views of a spring element 6 introduced into the inner recess 54 of the rotor 5. It can be seen that the outer ends of the retaining claw 64 rest against the inner wall of the inner recess 54 and thus hold the spring element 6 concentric with the rotor shaft 51.
Zur Montage der elektrischen Maschine 1 wird das axiale Federelement 6 zumindest axial am vormontierten Rotor 5 fixiert, indem es in die Innenausnehmung 54 eingeschoben wird. Durch die Haltekrallen 64 ist das Federelement 6 zuverlässig an dem Rotor 5 gehalten, so dass der Rotor 5 auch über Kopf mittels so genannter blinder Montage in das vorab im Gehäuseteil 2 montierte Lager 4 eingeführt werden kann. Aufgrund der axialen Montagekraft kann die axiale Vorspannung des Federelements 6 eingestellt werden. Bei thermischer Ausdehnung im Betrieb ist dann der Rotorkörper 52 unter Beibehaltung einer axialen Spannkraft gegenüber dem Gehäuseteil 2 verschiebbar, ohne dass das Federelement 6 sich an der Rotorwelle 51 verkanten kann. For mounting the electric machine 1, the axial spring element 6 is at least axially fixed to the pre-assembled rotor 5 by being inserted into the inner recess 54. By the retaining claws 64, the spring element 6 is reliably held on the rotor 5, so that the rotor 5 also over head by means of so-called blind assembly in the previously mounted in the housing part 2 bearing 4th can be introduced. Due to the axial mounting force, the axial bias of the spring element 6 can be adjusted. In the case of thermal expansion during operation, the rotor body 52 can then be displaced relative to the housing part 2 while maintaining an axial clamping force, without the spring element 6 being able to tilt on the rotor shaft 51.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform, die in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist, können die Haltelemente auch in Form von sich in radialer Richtung nach innen erstreckenden Haltekrallen 65 ausgebildet sein, die an dem Außenring 62 angeordnet sind. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform sind die Haltekrallen vorzugsweise schräg inAccording to a further embodiment, which is shown in Fig. 5, the holding elements may also be in the form of radially inwardly extending retaining claws 65, which are arranged on the outer ring 62. Also in this embodiment, the retaining claws are preferably obliquely in
Richtung des Innenrings 61 verlaufend ausgebildet. Im nicht montierten Zustand definieren die inneren Enden der Haltekrallen 65 einen Durchmesser der geringer ist als der Durchmesser der Rotorwelle 51. In diesem Fall können sich bei der Montage die Haltekrallen 65 mit der Rotorwelle 51 verspannen. Direction of the inner ring 61 extending formed. In the unassembled state, the inner ends of the retaining claws 65 define a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the rotor shaft 51. In this case, during mounting, the retaining claws 65 can be clamped to the rotor shaft 51.

Claims

Axiales Federelement (6) mit zwei zueinander in axialer Richtung beabstan- deten umlaufenden Ringelementen (61 , 62), die federelastisch miteinander verbunden sind, wobei mindestens einer der Ringelemente (61) ein oder mehrere Haltelemente (64) aufweist, um das Federelement mit einem Rotor (5) zu verspannen und das Federelement dadurch an dem Rotor (5) zu halten. Axial spring element (6) with two mutually spaced apart in the axial direction rotating ring elements (61, 62) which are resiliently interconnected, wherein at least one of the ring elements (61) one or more retaining elements (64) to the spring element with a To lock rotor (5) and thereby hold the spring element on the rotor (5).
Federelement (6) nach Anspruch 1 , wobei das eine oder die mehreren Haltelemente (64) jeweils mit einer Haltekralle ausgebildet sind, die in radialer Richtung nach außen von dem betreffenden Ringelement (61) absteht. Spring element (6) according to claim 1, wherein the one or more holding elements (64) are each formed with a holding claw, which projects in the radial direction outwardly from the relevant ring element (61).
Federelement (6) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das eine oder die mehreren Haltelemente (64) jeweils mit einer Haltekralle ausgebildet sind, die in radialer Richtung nach innen von dem betreffenden Ringelement absteht. Spring element (6) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more holding elements (64) are each formed with a holding claw which protrudes in the radial direction inwardly of the respective ring element.
Federelement (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, wobei das Ringelement (61), an dem das eine oder die mehreren Halteelemente (64) angeordnet ist, größer ist als ein weiteres der Ringelemente (62) und wobei die entsprechenden Haltekrallen schräg in Richtung des weiteren Ringelementes (62) abstehen. A spring element (6) according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the ring member (61) on which the one or more retaining elements (64) is disposed is larger than another of the ring elements (62) and wherein the respective retaining claws obliquely in Direction of the further ring element (62) protrude.
Elektrische Maschine (1), insbesondere zum Einsatz in einem Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend: Electric machine (1), in particular for use in a motor vehicle, comprising:
- einen Rotor (5) mit einer Rotorwelle (51) und einem daran angeordneten Rotorkörper (52);  a rotor (5) having a rotor shaft (51) and a rotor body (52) arranged thereon;
- ein Gehäuseteil (2) mit einem Lager (4) zur Aufnahme der Rotorwelle (51) des Rotors (5);  - A housing part (2) with a bearing (4) for receiving the rotor shaft (51) of the rotor (5);
- ein elastisches Federelement (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, das zwischen dem Lager (4) und dem Rotorkörper (52) auf der Rotorwelle (51) angeordnet ist; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - An elastic spring element (6) according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is arranged between the bearing (4) and the rotor body (52) on the rotor shaft (51); characterized in that
das Federelement (6) an seinem dem Rotorkörper (52) zugewandten Ende in axialer Richtung ein oder mehrere Halteelemente (64) aufweist, mit der das dem Rotorkörper (52) zugewandte Ende so verspannt werden kann, dass das Federelement (6) an dem Rotorkörper (52) gehalten wird. the spring element (6) at its end facing the rotor body (52) in the axial direction one or more holding elements (64), with which the rotor body (52) facing end can be braced so that the spring element (6) on the rotor body (52) is held.
Elektrische Maschine (1) nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Rotorkörper (52) mit einer zylindrischen Innenausnehmung (54) versehen ist, in die das Federelement (6) eingesetzt ist. Electric machine (1) according to claim 5, wherein the rotor body (52) is provided with a cylindrical inner recess (54) into which the spring element (6) is inserted.
Elektrische Maschine (1) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, wobei die Innenausnehmung (54) durch eine hohlzylindrische Isolierlamelle (53) gebildet ist, auf der ein Ankerpaket aus Ankerlamellen aufgebracht ist. Electric machine (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the inner recess (54) by a hollow cylindrical insulating lamella (53) is formed, on which an anchor assembly of anchor plates is applied.
Verfahren zur Montage einer elektrischen Maschine (1), wobei vor dem Einsetzen eines Rotors (5) in ein Gehäuseteil (2) ein Federelement (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 auf eine Rotorwelle des Rotors (5) aufgeschoben wird, zumindest bis das oder die Halteelemente das Federelement (6) gegen ein Herausfallen sichert und wobei anschließend der Rotor (5) mit dem Federelemente (6) in das Gehäuseteil (2) eingesetzt wird, so dass die Rotorwelle (51) durch das Lager (4) gehalten wird. Method for assembling an electrical machine (1), wherein prior to insertion of a rotor (5) into a housing part (2) a spring element (6) according to one of claims 1 to 4 is pushed onto a rotor shaft of the rotor (5), at least until the one or more holding elements secures the spring element (6) against falling out and in which case the rotor (5) with the spring elements (6) is inserted into the housing part (2) so that the rotor shaft (51) is held by the bearing (4) becomes.
EP12713911.1A 2011-05-20 2012-03-21 Electric machine having an axial spring element Withdrawn EP2710710A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102011076159A DE102011076159A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 Electric machine with an axial spring element
PCT/EP2012/054928 WO2012159798A2 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-03-21 Electric machine having an axial spring element

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EP (1) EP2710710A2 (en)
CN (1) CN103563221B (en)
DE (1) DE102011076159A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012159798A2 (en)

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WO2012159798A2 (en) 2012-11-29
CN103563221B (en) 2016-08-17
WO2012159798A3 (en) 2013-01-31
CN103563221A (en) 2014-02-05
DE102011076159A1 (en) 2012-11-22
US9762100B2 (en) 2017-09-12
US20140103764A1 (en) 2014-04-17

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