EP2697269A2 - Polymérisation contrôlée initiée par des bases imine - Google Patents

Polymérisation contrôlée initiée par des bases imine

Info

Publication number
EP2697269A2
EP2697269A2 EP12708123.0A EP12708123A EP2697269A2 EP 2697269 A2 EP2697269 A2 EP 2697269A2 EP 12708123 A EP12708123 A EP 12708123A EP 2697269 A2 EP2697269 A2 EP 2697269A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polymerization
base
carbon
monomers
meth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12708123.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Friedrich Georg Schmidt
Stefan Spange
Ingmar Polenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa GmbH filed Critical Evonik Degussa GmbH
Publication of EP2697269A2 publication Critical patent/EP2697269A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F120/10—Esters
    • C08F120/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F120/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F12/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
    • C08F12/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F12/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
    • C08F12/06—Hydrocarbons
    • C08F12/08—Styrene

Definitions

  • Initiator is added, and the polymerization without addition of a coinitiator, can be initiated at high temperatures.
  • this new and targeted method it is also possible to prepare high molecular weight poly (meth) acrylates, some of which have a narrow molecular weight distribution.
  • polymer architectures such as block, star or comb polymers, are available.
  • the notation (meth) acrylate here means both
  • Methacrylate e.g. Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, etc.
  • acrylate e.g. Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, etc., as well as mixtures of both.
  • Molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are controllable. As a living polymerization, they also allow the targeted construction of polymer architectures such as random copolymers or block copolymer structures.
  • RAFT polymerization reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization
  • the mechanism of RAFT polymerization is described in EP 0 910 587 in more detail. Disadvantages of RAFT polymerization are especially the
  • NMP nitrogen mediated polymerization
  • Poly (metn) acrylates can be used. This method has re various functional groups and the targeted adjustment of the molecular weight major disadvantages.
  • ATRP atom transfer radical polymerization
  • German patent application 102009055061.5 is a
  • Initiator component is feasible.
  • Monomer mixture can be given and by a
  • Temperature increase can be selectively activated, object of the present invention.
  • Transition metals in the polymer leaves are transition metals in the polymer leaves.
  • the objects were achieved by a surprisingly found new initiation mechanism with an organic base having a carbon-nitrogen double bond, as an initiator at a temperature of at least 60 ° C, preferably at least 80 ° C, with the polymerization of vinylic monomers M can be started.
  • vinylic monomers M are understood as meaning monomers which have a carbon-carbon double bond. It can also be a mixture
  • various co-polymerizable monomers M act.
  • such monomers can be radically and / or
  • the polymerization of the monomers M is initiated by the presence of a strong base, preferably with an imine structure.
  • Initiator without using a cocatalyst, can be started.
  • the component B is preferably a
  • tertiary organic base especially an organic base having a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
  • the bases according to the invention have the general
  • R z is a radical attached to nitrogen via either a carbon or an oxygen atom. In the case of one carbon atom, it may be an alkyl radical or an aromatic group which may also have further heteroatoms. According to the invention, R z is not hydrogen.
  • R x and R y are radicals attached to the carbon via either a carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or an oxygen atom. in case of a
  • Carbon atoms may be an alkyl radical or an aromatic group which may also have other heteroatoms.
  • R x is not hydrogen.
  • R y may be a hydrogen atom.
  • the radicals R x and R y and / or the radicals R x and R z may in turn be linked to form a ring. This ring may in turn have heteroatoms and / or double bonds.
  • the organic base is in the form
  • Rz wherein the radical R x i can be bonded to the nitrogen via a carbon, sulfur or an oxygen atom.
  • bases are the following functional groups
  • Imines are compounds that have a
  • R x and R y and the one group on the nitrogen atom R z are freely selectable, different or identical to each other and it is also possible that these form one or more cycles. However, it is important that R z and R x are not hydrogen.
  • R z is preferably an alkyl radical or R z forms a ring with one of the other two radicals R x or R y . Examples of such imines are 2-
  • Methylpyrroline (1), iV-benzylidenemethylamine (BMA, (2)) or N-4-methoxybenzylideneaniline (3) Methylpyrroline (1), iV-benzylidenemethylamine (BMA, (2)) or N-4-methoxybenzylideneaniline (3).
  • the groups on the carbon atom R x , on the oxygen R y and on the nitrogen atom R z are each freely selectable, different or identical to one another according to the comments on the imines and it is also possible that these form one or more cycles.
  • oxazolines 2-ethyloxazoline (4), 2-phenyloxazoline (5), para-bis (2, 2 ' ) oxazolinylbenzene (6) and (2, 2 ' ) bisoxazoline (7):
  • Isoxazolones are compounds with the
  • An example of oxazoles is oxazole (10):
  • Thiazolines are compounds having the structural element (11) or (12):
  • Amidines are compounds with the
  • amidines are 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU, (17)), 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] eta-5-ene (DBN, (18)) or IV- (3
  • guanidines are 7-methyl-l, 5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene (MTBD, (20)) or N-tert-butyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylguanidine ( 21):
  • the group of carbodiimides is N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl
  • carbodiimides are diisopropylcarbodiimide (22) or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (23):
  • a further alternative as a base for initiation is 2-thio-substituted amidines.
  • An example of such a substance is compound (27):
  • Initiation and the subsequent polymerization can, for example, in the form of a solution or
  • the polymerization can be carried out in batch mode or continuously.
  • the polymerization can also be carried out at super, normal or negative pressure.
  • a particular aspect of the present invention is that the polymers obtained from the process are obtained in a very broad molecular weight range. These polymers can according to a GPC measurement against a polystyrene standard
  • the vinylic monomers M are monomers which have a double bond, in particular monomers with double bonds which are free-radical and / or anionic
  • the monomers may also be monomer mixtures which are randomly distributed to co-polymers be polymerized.
  • co-monomers with very different co-polymerisation parameters also gradient copolymers up to
  • Block copolymers are formed.
  • the monomers are selected from the group of alkyl (meth) acrylates of straight-chain, branched or
  • cycloaliphatic alcohols having 1 to 40 carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl
  • Aryl (meth) acrylates such as benzyl (meth) acrylate or phenyl (meth) acrylate which may each have unsubstituted or 1-4-substituted aryl radicals; other aromatic substituted (meth) acrylates such as
  • the polymers produced by the novel process can be used in many applications. These include, without these examples, the invention in to limit any shape, acrylic glass, molding compounds,
  • Raw materials for other injection molding or extrusion applications films, mirror films, packaging films, films for optical applications Laminates, laminate adhesives, foams, sealants, foamed materials for packaging, synthetic fibers, composite materials, paint binders, paint additives such as
  • Pressure-sensitive adhesives reactive adhesives or sealants, heat sealing lacquers, packaging materials, dental materials, bone cement, contact lenses, spectacle lenses, other lenses e.g. in
  • Oil additives such as flow improvers, polymer additives such as
  • Impact modifiers compatibilizers or flow improvers, staple fiber additives, particles in cosmetic applications or as a raw material for the production of porous molds.
  • the molecular weight distribution (polymolecularity index, PDI) was in each case a quotient of the weight-average
  • the yields were determined by weighing the isolated polymer after drying in vacuo.
  • Example 15 was analogous to the general
  • Example 16 was analogous to the general

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet une nouvelle méthode de polymérisation pour des (méth) acrylates ou des styrènes, dans laquelle une base spéciale ayant une structure imine est ajoutée en tant qu'initiateur latent, et la polymérisation peut être initiée à des températures élevées sans l'ajout d'un co-initiateur. Avec cette nouvelle méthode utilisable de manière ciblée, des poly (méth) acrylates de haut poids moléculaire ayant en partie une distribution étroite des poids moléculaires peuvent aussi être préparés. La présente invention concerne en outre des architectures polymères très différentes, comme des polymères séquencés, en étoile ou en peigne, pouvant être préparées grâce à l'utilisation de cette nouvelle méthode de polymérisation.
EP12708123.0A 2011-04-11 2012-03-06 Polymérisation contrôlée initiée par des bases imine Withdrawn EP2697269A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011007102A DE102011007102A1 (de) 2011-04-11 2011-04-11 Kontrollierte, Iminbasen-initiierte Polymerisation
PCT/EP2012/053782 WO2012139822A2 (fr) 2011-04-11 2012-03-06 Polymérisation contrôlée initiée par des bases imine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2697269A2 true EP2697269A2 (fr) 2014-02-19

Family

ID=45814497

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12708123.0A Withdrawn EP2697269A2 (fr) 2011-04-11 2012-03-06 Polymérisation contrôlée initiée par des bases imine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20130317188A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2697269A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014510818A (fr)
CN (1) CN103384685A (fr)
BR (1) BR112013020607A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011007102A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012139822A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929748A (en) * 1973-10-15 1975-12-30 Commercial Solvents Corp Emulsion polymerization process employing an oxazoline as chain transfer agent
JPS5550001A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-11 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photo-polymerizable composition
DE3118373A1 (de) * 1981-05-09 1982-11-25 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Azoinitiatoren mit emulgatorwirkung und ihre verwendung
US5194537A (en) * 1990-09-19 1993-03-16 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Process for the preparation of nitrile group containing polymers
DE4215484A1 (de) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-18 Bayer Ag Oberflächenaktive Peroxide und ihre Verwendung
US5807937A (en) 1995-11-15 1998-09-15 Carnegie Mellon University Processes based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization and novel (co) polymers having useful structures and properties
NZ333277A (en) 1996-07-10 2000-09-29 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Polymerization using dithiocarboxylic acid derivatives as chain transfer agents
WO2010079102A1 (fr) * 2009-01-08 2010-07-15 Basf Se Initiateur de polymérisation
EP2427428B1 (fr) * 2009-05-07 2015-08-19 Basf Se Composés de o-imino-iso-urée et leurs compositions polymérisables
DE102009055061A1 (de) 2009-12-21 2011-06-22 Evonik Degussa GmbH, 45128 Neues Initiierungsverfahren zur Polymerisation von (Meth)acrylaten

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2012139822A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011007102A1 (de) 2012-10-11
JP2014510818A (ja) 2014-05-01
US20130317188A1 (en) 2013-11-28
BR112013020607A2 (pt) 2016-10-04
WO2012139822A2 (fr) 2012-10-18
WO2012139822A3 (fr) 2012-12-20
CN103384685A (zh) 2013-11-06

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