EP2689046A1 - Method and device for agglomerating a mixture including metal dust - Google Patents

Method and device for agglomerating a mixture including metal dust

Info

Publication number
EP2689046A1
EP2689046A1 EP12712294.3A EP12712294A EP2689046A1 EP 2689046 A1 EP2689046 A1 EP 2689046A1 EP 12712294 A EP12712294 A EP 12712294A EP 2689046 A1 EP2689046 A1 EP 2689046A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
pressing
cake
frame
press head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12712294.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
François PASCUAL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HLG Management
Original Assignee
HLG Management
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HLG Management filed Critical HLG Management
Publication of EP2689046A1 publication Critical patent/EP2689046A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • B22F1/148—Agglomerating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/24—Unitary mould structures with a plurality of moulding spaces, e.g. moulds divided into multiple moulding spaces by integratable partitions, mould part structures providing a number of moulding spaces in mutual co-operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
    • B30B15/304—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses by using feed frames or shoes with relative movement with regard to the mould or moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/32—Discharging presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of treatment of industrial waste containing metals.
  • the waste is usually treated to extract metal dust that can be reused.
  • the processes used to recycle this waste are expensive and / or polluting.
  • the process relates more particularly to the field of agglomeration of mixtures comprising metallic dusts.
  • the invention relates to a process for agglomerating a mixture comprising metallic dusts and a binder, comprising a step of pressing the mixture, the pressing comprising pressing by a press head in a mold provided with a frame and intermediate walls oriented substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame and equipped with ribs projecting in a direction included in the plane of the frame and elongated in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame, the mold being configured to form at least one cake, said ribs forming grooves in said cake so as to make said cake breakable into chipboard portions.
  • the method of the invention thus makes it possible to transform a substance in the form of dust or mud into a product that is easily handled and recyclable.
  • the invention in a second aspect, relates to a device for implementing the method comprising a mold provided with a frame and intermediate walls oriented substantially parallel to the thickness of the frame and provided with ribs projecting in a direction included in the plane of the frame and elongated in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame and a press head arranged complementarily to said mold to allow interpenetration of said mold and said press head.
  • the invention relates in a third aspect, the product obtained by the process, that is to say the breakable cake and the agglomerated portions.
  • the method and the device of the invention are particularly suitable for the use of hydraulic and inorganic binders, for example Portland cement.
  • inorganic binder is described for example in WO 91/01280 for immobilizing and inerting liquids or emulsions to be treated.
  • this use usually requires so-called “continuous” or “tangential” pressing using roller presses capable of providing a pressing force for agglomeration in an industrially acceptable processing time.
  • the products obtained by the process of the invention, combined with the use of inorganic binder produce, during a subsequent melting, a small amount of unwanted gases.
  • unwanted gases is meant in particular gases that may be toxic and / or incompatible with environmental standards.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for implementing the method of the invention
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a mold
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic view of the top of the mold of FIG. Fig. 2A
  • Fig. 3A is a perspective view of a press head
  • Fig. 3B is a schematic view of the underside of the press head of Fig. 3A
  • Fig. 3C is a schematic side view of the head.
  • FIG. 3D is a schematic side view of a press head along an axis perpendicular to that of FIG. 3C
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an assembly comprising a mold.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a cake at the mold release outlet
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of chipboard portions taken from cakes according to FIG.
  • the process may comprise a homogenization step 100.
  • the homogenization 100 comprises mixing a first mixture 1 with a binder 3.
  • the first mixture 1 comprises recoverable metal particles.
  • the first mixture 1 may comprise sludge.
  • the first mixture 1 may include dust.
  • the first mixture 1 can take the form of powder.
  • the first mixture 1 is little or not recoverable as is.
  • the homogenization 100 may comprise mixing the first mixture 1 with water 5.
  • the homogenization 100 may comprise mixing.
  • the mixing can be carried out by the use of a mixer 7.
  • the first mixture 1 is, here, an industrial discharge of a metallurgical industry.
  • the first mixture 1 may have undergone various treatments before homogenization 100.
  • the first mixture 1 may have undergone, for example, crushing, washing, filtering, etc.
  • the metal elements may comprise, for example, without limitation, at least one of the elements of the group consisting of alumina, iron, platinum, molybdenum, chromium and nickel.
  • the proportion of each metal element may be unknown in the first mixture 1.
  • Binder 3 is, here, an inorganic binder.
  • the binder 3 is, here, a hydraulic binder.
  • the binder 3 may further comprise lime, particularly if the first mixture 1 is of too liquid consistency.
  • the binder 3 may comprise, for example, Portland cement.
  • the binder 3 may, in addition, be chosen for its properties during the future melting of the product obtained by the process.
  • a second mixture 11 is obtained.
  • the second mixture 11 may comprise, for example, between 3 and 10% by weight of binder 3.
  • the second mixture 11 may comprise, for example, between 6 and 15% by weight of water.
  • the second mixture 11 generally has a pasty consistency.
  • the second mixture 11 has the property of taking the form of its container.
  • the second mixture 11 may undergo a storage step 101.
  • the storage 101 takes place in a suitable container 9, for example a bottom-opening tank.
  • step storage 101 may comprise agitation. Said agitation is advantageous in case of hardening property of the second mixture 1 1.
  • the second mixture 11 is poured into a conveying container 14, or drawer.
  • the conveying container 14 comprises, here, four substantially vertical walls arranged in a closed rectangle.
  • the conveying container 14 is open at the top to receive the second mixture January 1 from the container 9 of the storage 101 or directly from a chamber where the homogenization takes place 100, for example the mixer 7.
  • the conveying container 14 is open in its lower part. At the time of filling of the conveying container 14 with the second mixture 11, said lower part is obstructed by a bottom plate 15.
  • the bottom plate 15 is arranged below and facing the conveying container 14 so as to form a bottom of the conveying container 14.
  • the bottom plate 15 is fixed here.
  • the conveying container 14 may have, for example, a capacity of about 30 liters.
  • the method comprises a pressing step 102.
  • the pressing step 102 of the second mixture 11 is carried out by means of a mold 17 or frame, a press head 19 of a press 21 and a press plate 21. 22.
  • the pressing 102 is made along a substantially vertical axis. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the press 21 moves F3 from top to bottom at pressing 102.
  • the second mixture 11 is poured into the mold 17.
  • the top of the mold 17 is open during its filling by the second mixture 1 1.
  • the filling of the mold 17 is made by the top of the mold 17.
  • the second mixture 11 is poured into the mold 17 from the conveying container 14.
  • the conveying container 14 is adapted to undergo a substantially horizontal movement Fl to come from a position substantially opposite and below the container 9 to a position substantially opposite and above the mold 17, from left to right in Figure 1.
  • the displacement is achieved by means of a suitable actuator (not shown), such as a cylinder.
  • the conveying container 14 moves the second mixture 1 1 horizontally towards the mold 17.
  • the bottom plate 15 remains substantially immobile during the horizontal displacement of the conveying container 14.
  • the bottom plate 15 is arranged so that one of its edges is located near an edge of the mold 17.
  • the conveying container 14, the bottom plate 15 and the mold 17 are arranged mutually so that during the Horizontal displacement Fl of the conveying container 14, the bottom plate 15 and the mold 17 remain stationary.
  • said displacement F1 the lower part of the conveying container 14 misaligns vertically and progressively from the bottom plate 15 so that the lower part of the conveying container 14 opens above the mold 17.
  • the second mixture 11 falls into the mold 17 by the opening of the lower part of the conveying container 14 and by gravity.
  • the second mixture 11 can be poured in controlled volume into the mold 17 from the container 9 adapted constituting a storage space 101, for example by a system of slide, slide, tube etc.
  • the second mixture 11 may be poured into the mold 17 from the homogenization space 100, for example the kneader 7, for example by a slide system, slide, tube, etc.
  • the mold 17 comprises a frame 61.
  • the mold 17 comprises intermediate walls 66.
  • the frame 61 comprises an assembly of four elongated elements 62 to 65. Each of said four elongated elements 62 to 65 One side of the frame 61 is formed.
  • elongate members there will be arbitrarily designated a first pair of left 62 and right side members 63 and a second pair of front 64 and rear 65 members. to the other element of the same pair.
  • Said elements 62 to 65 are respectively fixed with the two elements of the other pair by their respective ends.
  • the front 64 and rear 65 elements comprise blind holes 67.
  • the blind holes 67 are formed from the outward facing surfaces of the frame 61.
  • the blind holes 67 can be used for fastening the mold 17 with at least one member of a machine implementing the method, for example the press 21.
  • the frame 61 has here a thickness of about 80 millimeters.
  • the frame 61 is here substantially square side measuring about 400 millimeters.
  • the intermediate walls 66, or spacers, have a height substantially equal to the thickness of the frame 61.
  • the intermediate walls 66 have a length between, the distance separating the facing surfaces facing each other and the frame 61 of the elements left side 62 and right 63, and the distance between the outwardly facing surfaces of the frame 61 of the left side members 62 and right 63.
  • the intermediate walls 66 are fixed at their ends to each of the left side members 62 and right 63
  • the intermediate walls 66 may be attached by welding to the frame 61.
  • the inward facing surfaces of the frame 61 of the left and right side members 62 and 63 comprise fixing grooves 69.
  • the fixing grooves 69 are aligned in directions substantially perpendicular to the frame 61.
  • the fixing grooves 69 are arranged to house the ends of the intermediate walls. 66.
  • the intermediate walls 66 are fixed substantially parallel to the front 64 and rear 65 elements.
  • the intermediate walls 66 are fixed substantially perpendicular to the inward facing surfaces of the frame 61 of the left 62 and right 63 side members.
  • the intermediate walls 66 are fixed substantially parallel to each other within the frame 61.
  • the intermediate walls 66 may be equidistant from each other.
  • the intermediate walls 66 are, here, mutually spaced about 40 millimeters.
  • the arrangement of the intermediate walls 66 forms a multiplicity of distinct, preferably similar, spaces in the frame 61.
  • the intermediate walls 61 may comprise a draft angle, for example of about 2%.
  • the mutually facing surfaces of two adjacent intermediate walls 66 may have a distance that deviates in the direction of demolding.
  • the clearance angles can be obtained by machining the intermediate walls 66. This facilitates the subsequent demolding.
  • the intermediate walls 66 may be considered substantially parallel to each other.
  • the intermediate walls 66 comprise ribs 68.
  • the ribs 68 project from the surfaces of the intermediate walls 66.
  • the ribs 68 project in a direction parallel to the frame 61.
  • the ribs 68 are elongated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the frame 61, that is to say a direction of pressing.
  • the ribs 68 have, here, a profile, in a section substantially parallel to the frame 61, in the form of a half-disk. According to one variant, the ribs 68 may have a triangular profile.
  • the ribs 68 may be mutually equidistant along each intermediate wall 66.
  • the ribs 68 are, here, mutually distant by about 40 millimeters.
  • the ribs 68 extend in the direction of the thickness of the frame 61.
  • the ribs 68 are arranged to create recesses in surfaces of the molding material upon contact with the intermediate walls 66. Similar ribs may be provided to from the facing surfaces facing each other and at least one of the elongated members 62 to 65 of the frame 61.
  • the press head 19 is shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D.
  • the press head 19 comprises a support plate 71.
  • the press head 19 comprises panels 73.
  • the press head 19 comprises reinforcements 75.
  • the press head 19 comprises bearing faces 77.
  • the support plate 71 is of substantially rectangular shape.
  • the support plate 71 comprises fixing means adapted to the press 21.
  • the fixing means comprise through-fixing holes 79 formed in the thickness of the support plate 71 and in the vicinity of two of its opposite edges.
  • the support plate 71 has a thickness selected to withstand the compressive forces of the press 21, here about 3 centimeters.
  • Each panel 73 has a generally rectangular shape comprising two large opposite sides corresponding to the length of the panel 73 and two small opposite sides corresponding to the width of the panel 73.
  • Each panel 73 may comprise at least one recess 74.
  • the recess 74 is chosen to reduce the amount of material and the mass of the device, facilitate maintenance and especially cleaning, without impairing the mechanical properties of said panel 73.
  • the panels 73 are attached to the support plate 71. A surface of a large side of each panel 73 is disposed opposite the support plate 71. Each panel 73 is disposed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the support plate 71. The panels 73 are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The panels 73 are arranged on one face of the support plate 71. In the mounted state, said surface of the support plate 71 is opposite the mold 17.
  • the panels 73 have a substantially constant mutual gap. Said gap between the panels 73 is chosen to correspond to the differences between mutually intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17, here, about 40 millimeters. The thickness and the length of the panels 73 are chosen to allow penetration of the panels 73 between the intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17, in the distinct spaces of the frame 61.
  • a reinforcement piece 75, or cleat, is here arranged on the short sides of each panel 73.
  • the press head 19 comprises, here, two reinforcing pieces 75.
  • the reinforcing pieces 75 take the form of thin elongated parallelepipeds .
  • the elongate direction of each of the reinforcing pieces 75 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the planes of the panels 73.
  • the direction of the thickness of each reinforcing piece 75 is oriented substantially parallel to the long sides of the panels 73.
  • Each reinforcement pieces 75 are disposed against a set of short sides of the panels 73 substantially aligned with each other.
  • the reinforcing pieces 75 may participate in maintaining the alignment of the short sides of the panels 73 and in maintaining the mutual spacing of the panels 73.
  • Each reinforcing piece 75 is arranged at a small distance from the support plate 71 and so that their elongated dimension is substantially parallel to the support plate 71.
  • the reinforcing pieces 75 are arranged to allow penetration of the panels 73 between the intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17, in operation.
  • Each of the long sides of each of the panels 73, located on the opposite side to the support plate 71, are capped with a support member 77, also called "sole".
  • the support members 77 take the general shape of elongated parallelepipeds of small thickness. In the mounted state, the elongate direction of each of the support members 77 is oriented substantially parallel to the long sides of the panels 73. The direction of the thickness of each support member 77 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane of the plate 71, that is to say substantially according to the axis of pressing. The support members 77 are substantially parallel to the support plate 71. The elongated directions of each of the support members 77 are substantially parallel to each other. Each panel 73 is capped with at least one support member 77. The support members 77 each comprise at least one bearing surface 78 oriented on the opposite side to the support plate 71.
  • each support member 77 is contained, here and to the tolerances, in a single plane substantially parallel to the support plate 71.
  • the spacing between each support member 77 is adjusted to correspond substantially to the thickness of each intermediate wall 66 of the mold 17.
  • the support members 77 can be likened to enlargements of the thickness of the portions of the panels 73 located on the side of the long side opposite the support plate 71.
  • Each panel 73 and the corresponding support member 77 can be a one-piece piece.
  • Each support member 77 comprises notches 82.
  • the notches 82 are formed in the long sides of the support members 77.
  • the notches 82 extend in the thickness of the support members 77.
  • the notches 82 are arranged to be in correspondence of shape with the ribs 68 of the intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17.
  • the bearing surfaces 78 of the support members 77 are oriented towards the mold 17.
  • the bearing surfaces 78 may be provided with ribs similar to the ribs 68 of the intermediate walls 66 but oriented parallel to the support plate 71.
  • the support members 77 of the press head 19 penetrate between each intermediate wall 66 of the mold 17.
  • Each space between the support members 77 and the intermediate walls 66 located on either side is minimized.
  • the arrangement, dimensions and arrangement of the press head 19 and the mold 17 are mutually adjusted.
  • the press 21 provides a substantially vertical movement F3 and / or F5 and relative between the mold 17 and the press head 19.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the press 21 comprises a system of racks 21a and gear wheels 21b.
  • the system of racks 21a and gear wheels 21b is replaced by a system of cylinder (s) hydraulic (s) or tire (s) known in itself, sized to apply pressures for example of the order of 100 to 200 bar.
  • the pressing step 102 can begin.
  • the conveying container 14 is placed back in a remote position (displacement along F2 in FIG. 1) horizontally of the mold 17, from the right to the left in FIG. 1, for example above the plate. bottom 15, after the second mixture 1 1 has fallen into the mold 17 and before the pressing 102.
  • the conveying container 14 can remain substantially aligned vertically with the press head 19 and the mold 17.
  • the conveying container 14 is arranged to allow the interaction of the press head 19 and the mold 17
  • This variant has the advantage of improving the descent of the second mixture 1 1 in the mold 17 by the passage of the press head 19 or the mold 17 through the conveying container 14, especially when the second mixture 1 1 a tendency to adhere to the walls of the conveying container 14.
  • the conveying container 14 can be adjusted to the press head 19 to scrape its internal surfaces during pressing 102.
  • the conveyor 29 comprises two opposite end rollers 30a and 30b, at least one of which can be driven by a motor (not shown).
  • the conveyor 29 comprises a closed band 34, or web.
  • closed band 34 is meant a band having a shape of revolution.
  • the closed band 34 is wrapped around the two rollers 30a and 30b.
  • the closed band 34 comprises a flexible material, for example an elastomer of small thickness and low compressibility.
  • the closed band 34 includes an upper strand 34a and a lower strand 34b.
  • the conveyor 29 comprises the support plate 22.
  • the support plate 22 comprises a bearing surface capable of mechanically supporting the pressing 102. Under the upper strand 34a of the conveyor 29 is disposed the support plate 22.
  • the plate 22 is surface, thickness and composition adapted to match the mold 17 and to withstand pressing 102 applied by the press 21.
  • the support plate 22 is stationary. In a state other than that of the pressing 102, the support plate 22 is vertically arranged to allow the closed band 34 to rotate around the rollers 30a and 30b and in particular to the upper strand 34a to move horizontally by limiting the friction.
  • the support plate 22 is disposed near and under the upper strand 34a and facing the mold 17.
  • the support plate 22 is located between the two strands 34a and 34b. This arrangement allows a molding 102 directly on the upper strand 34a but mechanically supported by the support plate 22 sandwiching the upper strand 34a of the conveyor belt with the mold 17.
  • the upper strand 34a is arranged to support a vertical elastic movement on the pressing against the support plate 22 during pressing 102.
  • the conveyor 29 closes the bottom of the mold 17 during pressing 102.
  • the press head 19 is at least partially inserted in the mold 17.
  • the press 21 applies a force tending to push the press head 19 into the mold 17.
  • the press head 19 slides in the mold 17.
  • the press head 19 undergoes a displacement F3 from top to bottom in the mold 17.
  • the mold 17 is substantially stationary.
  • the mold 17 is located above the conveyor 29, in front of the support plate 22.
  • the mold 17 can be in contact with the upper strand 34a of the closed band 34 of the conveyor 29.
  • the press head 19 is lowered to This displacement provides a controlled compression of the second mixture 1 1 disposed in the mold 17, between the press head 19 on the one hand, more particularly by the bearing surfaces 78 of the support members 77 and by the upper end 34a of the conveyor 29 located opposite, supported mechanically by the support plate 22, on the other hand.
  • the second mixture 11 is blocked in a first horizontal direction between the intermediate walls 66 or between an intermediate wall 66 and the front element 64 or the rear element 65.
  • the second mixture 11 is blocked in a second horizontal, perpendicular direction. at the first, between the left side members 62 and right 63.
  • the second mixture 1 1 is compressed between the bearing surface 78 and the support plate 22.
  • the support plate 22 is here covered with the upper strand 34a belonging to the conveyor 29. According to an alternative embodiment or in addition, the mold 17 and the support plate 22 can undergo a vertical movement F5 towards the press head 19.
  • the pressing step 102 is adaptable and optimizable according to various parameters. Among these parameters, it is possible to choose, for example, a pressing time of between 1 and 10 seconds, preferably between 1 and 5 seconds. It is possible to choose a pressing force of between 100 and 200 bar. The values given are examples and may be adapted according to the second mixture 11 and the shape and density of the products to be obtained.
  • the pressing step 102 may comprise a heat treatment.
  • the pressing step 102 may comprise several substeps during which the preceding parameters vary. Between the beginning and the end of the pressing 102, the gap between the bearing surfaces 78 on the one hand and the support plate 22 on the other hand, has been reduced by a predetermined value. For example, this gap can go from about the thickness of the frame 61, here about 80 millimeters, to about half, or 40 millimeters. Said difference, after pressing, determines one of the chosen final dimensions of the second mixture 1 1 after pressing 102.
  • the second mixture 11 is at least partially solidified.
  • the solid obtained is called a cake 25.
  • the cake 25 may have a composition different from the second mixture 11, for example by the loss of a liquid phase.
  • Said liquid phase may have been evacuated during pressing 102, for example through interstices between the parts making up the mold 17 and the press head 19.
  • the cake 25 may have a selected particle size, for example between 0.6 and 0 , 8 micrometers.
  • the agglomeration is controlled by choosing in particular the parameters of the pressing 102 and the composition of the binder 5.
  • a pressing 102 can create one or more cakes 25 at a time.
  • the frame 61 may comprise the support plate 22.
  • the support plate 22 then forms a bottom of the mold 17.
  • the pressing 102 of the second mixture 1 1 is then made directly on the support plate 22.
  • the conveyor 29 may comprise a closed band 34 but said closed band 34 is not taken between the support plate 22 and the second mixture 1 1 during the pressing 102.
  • the support plate 22 is not located under the upper end 34a of the closed band 34 of the conveyor 29.
  • the support plate 22 is removable.
  • the support plate 22 is disengaged or removed from the frame 61 after the pressing 102.
  • the uncoupling opens the lower part of the mold 17 in order to perform the demolding step 103.
  • the support plate 22 may for example slide horizontally in the frame 61 in rails provided in the lower parts of the elongated elements 62 to 65 of the frame 61.
  • a demolding step 103 can begin.
  • the method comprises a step of demolding 103.
  • a further relative movement F3 or F5 of the press head 19 relative to the mold 17, pushes the cake 25 outside the frame 61 by the lower part of the mold 17.
  • the press head 19 is stationary.
  • the mold 17 is then moved vertically F5 upwards.
  • the displacement F5 of the mold 17 vertically separates the mold 17 from the conveyor 29 and the support plate 22.
  • Said gap F5 places the bottom of the mold 17 in the open state for demolding 103.
  • the relative vertical displacement between the mold 17 and the press head 19 is made in the same direction at demolding 103 and pressing 102.
  • the direction is constant.
  • the relative displacement of the press head 19 with respect to the mold 17 is ensured by the descent F3 of the press head 19 through said immobile mold 17, during pressing 102.
  • relative to the press head 19 relative to the mold 17 is provided by the rise F5 of the mold 17 through the press head 19 immobile, during demolding 103.
  • the press 21 is chosen capable of ensuring these relative movements.
  • the relative movement of the press head 19 through the mold 17 pushes the cake 25 out of the mold 17 by its lower part. There is interpenetration of the mold 17 and the press head 19.
  • the press 21 can continue its upward translation movement (F3).
  • the mold 17 can remain substantially stationary.
  • the cake 25 can fall on the conveyor 29 or on the floor 31.
  • an intermediate step between the molding 102 and the demolding 103 comprises the rise F5 of the mold 17 and the rise F4 of the press head 19.
  • the rise F5 of the mold 17 can then be performed to open the bottom of the mold 17 , that is to say, to move it away from the support plate 22.
  • Said rise F5 of the mold 17 does not oppose the press head 19, it can be performed by a limited power system.
  • the pressing 102 and the demolding 103 may be performed by two separate press heads and vertical axis distinct.
  • the mold 17 moving at least horizontally to align successively with one and the other of the two press heads.
  • the cake 25 is then demolded on the conveyor 29.
  • the demolding step 103 comprises the extraction of the cake 25 from the bottom of the mold 17.
  • the cake 25 here takes the form of several bars 25a. each having a complementary shape of the spaces between the mold 17, the press head 19 and the support plate 22, during the pressing 102.
  • the cake 25 and / or the bars 25a take complementary shapes of the spaces between the mold 17 and the press head 19 during the pressing 102.
  • the bars 25a or bars take the form of elongated parallelepipeds of substantially rectangular section.
  • the intermediate walls 66 being substantially parallel to each other, they form cakes 25 of substantially parallelepiped shape.
  • At least one, here two, face (s) along the length of each chip bar 25a comprises grooves 81, or pre-cracking slot.
  • the grooves 81 are of complementary shape to the ribs of the mold 17 and in particular to the ribs 68 intermediate walls 66.
  • the ribs 68 are arranged to form grooves 81 able to initiate the rupture of the webs 25a in several portions of agglomerate 33.
  • the sinter portions 33 are shown in Figure 6.
  • the disposition of the grooves 81 allows to choose how the cake 25, here the bars 25a, can be scored.
  • the grooves 81 may form selected weak points.
  • the sinter portions 33 are substantially similar and can be normalized.
  • the sinter portions 33 have a generally cubic overall shape of edges of about 40 millimeters.
  • the cake 25 is on the upper strand 34a of the conveyor 29.
  • the conveyor 29 can then be activated to take the cake 25 (or the strips 25a) to an output included in the device.
  • the upper strand 34a of the closed band 34 of the conveyor is driven by the rollers 30a and 30b, said upper strand 34a moves the cake 25 at least horizontally to the vicinity of one of the rollers 30b at the output of the device.
  • the cake 25 is ejected from the conveyor 29 and starts a fall.
  • the cake 25 can fall directly on the ground 31, or on a solid support.
  • the subsequent mechanical impact of the drop of the cake 25 can be achieved with the floor 31.
  • Said mechanical impact can cause a planned initiation of breaking cake 25.
  • the device comprises an outlet capable of free falling a cake 25
  • the outlet is arranged so that the end of the fall causes breakage of the cake 25 in agglomerated portions 33.
  • the height of fall may be greater than about 1 meter.
  • Said rupture can be chosen by the arrangement of the mold 17 and the press head 19, in particular as a function of the ribs being at the origin of the grooves 81.
  • the cake 25 or the bars 25a can be cut into chipboard portions 33
  • the demolding 103 comprises the falling of the cake 25, the end of the fall causing the breaking of the cake 25 in chip portions 33.
  • the sinter portions 33 and / or the bars 25a can be stored in a suitable container 35.
  • the container 35 may be, for example, a bag.
  • the shrinkage and / or vibration effect for example during transport on the conveyor 29, may be sufficient to initiate the breaking of the cakes 25 into agglomerated portion 33.
  • the press 21 reverses its movement to replace the press head 19 and the mold 17 in their respective initial states. In the mode shown in Figure 1, the press head 19 is raised (according to F4) and the mold 17 is down (according to F5).
  • the device is able to restart a pressing cycle 102 and demolding 103.
  • the cake 25 and / or agglomerate portions 33 may undergo a ripening period, e.g., about 24 hours.
  • the ripening period comprises storage allowing the binder 3 to act and fix the structure of the cake 25 and / or of the agglomerate portion 33.
  • the ripening allows the cakes 25 to harden.
  • the method of aggregation of dust and / or sludge comprising metals provides a product having a structure and composition suitable for subsequent treatment.
  • the subsequent treatment may consist of a melting of the agglomerates or portions of agglomerate according to methods known per se. Since the process is inexpensive, the profitability of the reprocessing of waste from metallurgical industries can be improved.
  • the process makes it possible to ensure homogeneity and / or standardization of the final agglomerated product.
  • the possibility of significant modulation of the pressing time makes it possible to adapt the process to various compositions of the first mixture and to various desired structures.
  • the device used for the process is readily adaptable to later metal recovery processes.
  • the Applicant has particularly noted that the particle size of said agglomerates was parameterizable by adapting the composition and the amount of binder, the structure of the mold and the press head as well as the strength and duration of the pressing and optionally the treatment temperature.
  • the device allows the transformation of dust or sludge into agglomerates whose composition and structure allow a subsequent treatment rejecting gases whose toxicity is reduced. This can include meeting ecology standards in many countries.
  • the Applicant has in particular measured a reduction of at least 80% of the carbon dioxide emissions compared with the usual techniques. The products obtained are therefore adaptable to the techniques used to recover metals while reducing the negative ecological impact of the entire recycling process.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for agglomerating a mixture including metal dust and a binder, and to a device for carrying out the method, said method including a step of pressing the mixture, the pressing including pressing by means of a pressing head in a mold (17) having a frame (61) and intermediate walls (66) oriented substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame (61), and provided with ribs (68) projecting in a direction falling within the plane of the frame (61) and extending in a direction that is substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame (61), the mold (17) being configured to form at least one cake, said ribs (68) forming grooves in said cake such that said cake can be cut into agglomerate portions.

Description

Procédé et dispositif d'agglomération d'un mélange comprenant des poussières métalliques.  Method and apparatus for agglomerating a mixture comprising metallic dusts
La présente invention concerne le domaine du traitement des déchets industriels contenant des métaux. De nombreux secteurs et notamment les industries métallurgiques produisent des déchets qui contiennent des poussières métalliques. On traite habituellement les déchets pour en extraire les poussières métalliques pouvant être réutilisées. Les procédés utilisés pour le recyclage de ces déchets sont coûteux et/ou polluants. The present invention relates to the field of treatment of industrial waste containing metals. Many sectors, particularly the metallurgical industries, produce waste that contains metallic dusts. The waste is usually treated to extract metal dust that can be reused. The processes used to recycle this waste are expensive and / or polluting.
L'augmentation du coût de nombreux métaux, pousse les acteurs du secteur à optimiser la valorisation des déchets. The increase in the cost of many metals, pushes the actors of the sector to optimize the valuation of waste.
Le procédé concerne plus particulièrement le domaine de l'agglomération de mélanges comprenant des poussières métalliques. The process relates more particularly to the field of agglomeration of mixtures comprising metallic dusts.
Il existe des procédés d'agglomération de poussière ou de boue contenant des particules métalliques. Ces procédés comprennent un pressage dit « en continu » ou « tangentiel » à l'aide de presses à rouleaux, les plus adaptés pour assurer une agglomération en un temps de traitement industriellement acceptable. La structure des agrégats est mal définie et est difficilement maîtrisable ou reproductible. Les agrégats produits ne permettent pas une manipulation aisée pour un traitement postérieur. L'hétérogénéité de composition, de forme et de taille des agrégats limite l'efficacité des traitements ultérieurs. There are processes for agglomeration of dust or sludge containing metal particles. These processes comprise so-called "continuous" or "tangential" pressing using roller presses, the most suitable for ensuring agglomeration in an industrially acceptable processing time. The structure of aggregates is poorly defined and is difficult to control or reproduce. The aggregates produced do not allow easy handling for subsequent treatment. The heterogeneity of composition, shape and size of aggregates limits the effectiveness of subsequent treatments.
L'invention a notamment pour but de surmonter les inconvénients précités. Sous un premier aspect l'invention concerne un procédé d'agglomération d'un mélange comprenant des poussières métalliques et un liant, comprenant une étape de pressage du mélange, le pressage comprenant le pressage par une tête de presse dans un moule muni d'un cadre et de parois intermédiaires orientées sensiblement parallèlement à la direction de l'épaisseur du cadre et équipées de nervures en saillies dans une direction comprise dans le plan du cadre et allongées dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction de l'épaisseur du cadre, le moule étant configuré pour former au moins un gâteau, lesdites nervures formant des rainures dans ledit gâteau de manière à rendre ledit gâteau sécable en portions d'aggloméré. Le procédé de l'invention permet ainsi de transformer une substance sous forme de poussière ou boue en un produit aisément manipulable et recyclable. The object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. In a first aspect, the invention relates to a process for agglomerating a mixture comprising metallic dusts and a binder, comprising a step of pressing the mixture, the pressing comprising pressing by a press head in a mold provided with a frame and intermediate walls oriented substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame and equipped with ribs projecting in a direction included in the plane of the frame and elongated in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame, the mold being configured to form at least one cake, said ribs forming grooves in said cake so as to make said cake breakable into chipboard portions. The method of the invention thus makes it possible to transform a substance in the form of dust or mud into a product that is easily handled and recyclable.
Sous un deuxième aspect, l'invention concerne un dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé comprenant un moule muni d'un cadre et de parois intermédiaires orientées sensiblement parallèlement à l'épaisseur du cadre et équipées de nervures en saillies dans une direction comprise dans le plan du cadre et allongées dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction de l'épaisseur du cadre et une tête de presse agencée complémentairement audit moule pour permettre une interpénétration dudit moule et de ladite tête de presse. Enfin l'invention concerne sous un troisième aspect, le produit obtenu par le procédé, c'est-à-dire le gâteau sécable et les portions d'aggloméré. In a second aspect, the invention relates to a device for implementing the method comprising a mold provided with a frame and intermediate walls oriented substantially parallel to the thickness of the frame and provided with ribs projecting in a direction included in the plane of the frame and elongated in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame and a press head arranged complementarily to said mold to allow interpenetration of said mold and said press head. Finally, the invention relates in a third aspect, the product obtained by the process, that is to say the breakable cake and the agglomerated portions.
D'autre part, le procédé et le dispositif de l'invention sont adaptés tout particulièrement pour l'utilisation de liants hydrauliques et inorganiques, par exemple du ciment Portland. L'utilisation de liant inorganique est décrite par exemple dans le document WO 91/01280 pour immobiliser et rendre inertes des liquides ou émulsions à traiter. Cependant cette utilisation oblige habituellement au pressage dit « en continu » ou « tangentiel » à l'aide de presses à rouleaux capables d'assurer une force de pressage pour une agglomération en un temps de traitement industriellement acceptable. Les produits obtenus par le procédé de l'invention, combinés à l'utilisation de liant inorganique, produisent, lors d'une fusion postérieure, une quantité faible de gaz non désirés. Par gaz non désirés on entend notamment des gaz pouvant être toxiques et/ou incompatibles avec les normes environnementales. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à l'examen de la description détaillée ci-après, et des dessins annexés, donnés seulement à titre d'exemple, sur lesquels : la figure 1 est un schéma de principe d'un dispositif pour la mise en œuvre du procédé de l'invention, - la figure 2A est une vue en perspective d'un moule, la figure 2B est un vue schématique du dessus du moule de la figure 2A, la figure 3A est une vue en perspective d'une tête de presse, la figure 3B est une vue schématique du dessous de la tête de presse de la figure 3A, la figure 3C est une vue schématique de côté de la tête de presse des figures 3A et 3B, la figure 3D est une vue schématique de côté d'une tête de presse selon un axe perpendiculaire de celui de la figure 3C, - la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un montage comprenant un moule et une tête de presse, la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un gâteau en sortie de démoulage, - la figure 6 est une vue en perspective de portions d'aggloméré issues de gâteaux selon la figure 5. On the other hand, the method and the device of the invention are particularly suitable for the use of hydraulic and inorganic binders, for example Portland cement. The use of inorganic binder is described for example in WO 91/01280 for immobilizing and inerting liquids or emulsions to be treated. However, this use usually requires so-called "continuous" or "tangential" pressing using roller presses capable of providing a pressing force for agglomeration in an industrially acceptable processing time. The products obtained by the process of the invention, combined with the use of inorganic binder, produce, during a subsequent melting, a small amount of unwanted gases. By unwanted gases is meant in particular gases that may be toxic and / or incompatible with environmental standards. Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description below, and the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of example, in which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for implementing the method of the invention, FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a mold, FIG. 2B is a schematic view of the top of the mold of FIG. Fig. 2A, Fig. 3A is a perspective view of a press head, Fig. 3B is a schematic view of the underside of the press head of Fig. 3A, Fig. 3C is a schematic side view of the head. FIGS. 3A and 3B, FIG. 3D is a schematic side view of a press head along an axis perpendicular to that of FIG. 3C, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an assembly comprising a mold. and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a cake at the mold release outlet; FIG. 6 is a perspective view of chipboard portions taken from cakes according to FIG.
Les dessins annexés sont en partie au moins de caractère certain et pourront non seulement servir à compléter l'invention, mais aussi contribuer à sa définition, le cas échéant. Comme représenté en figure 1, le procédé peut comprendre une étape d'homogénéisation 100. L'homogénéisation 100 comprend le mélange d'un premier mélange 1 avec un liant 3. Le premier mélange 1 comprend des particules métalliques valorisables. Le premier mélange 1 peut comprendre de la boue. Le premier mélange 1 peut comprendre de la poussière. Le premier mélange 1 peut prendre la forme de poudre. Le premier mélange 1 est peu ou pas valorisable en l'état. L'homogénéisation 100 peut comprendre le mélange du premier mélange 1 avec de l'eau 5. L'homogénéisation 100 peut comprendre un malaxage. Le malaxage peut être effectué par l'utilisation d'un malaxeur 7. Le premier mélange 1 est, ici, un rejet industriel d'une industrie métallurgique. Le premier mélange 1 peut avoir subi différents traitements avant l'homogénéisation 100. Le premier mélange 1 peut avoir subi, par exemple, un concassage, un lavage, un filtrage, etc. The appended drawings are in part at least of a certain character and may not only serve to complete the invention, but also contribute to its definition, if necessary. As represented in FIG. 1, the process may comprise a homogenization step 100. The homogenization 100 comprises mixing a first mixture 1 with a binder 3. The first mixture 1 comprises recoverable metal particles. The first mixture 1 may comprise sludge. The first mixture 1 may include dust. The first mixture 1 can take the form of powder. The first mixture 1 is little or not recoverable as is. The homogenization 100 may comprise mixing the first mixture 1 with water 5. The homogenization 100 may comprise mixing. The mixing can be carried out by the use of a mixer 7. The first mixture 1 is, here, an industrial discharge of a metallurgical industry. The first mixture 1 may have undergone various treatments before homogenization 100. The first mixture 1 may have undergone, for example, crushing, washing, filtering, etc.
Les éléments métalliques peuvent comprendre par exemple, de manière non limitative, au moins un des éléments du groupe composé d'alumine, de fer, de platine, de molybdène, de chrome et de nickel. La proportion de chaque élément métallique peut être inconnue dans le premier mélange 1. The metal elements may comprise, for example, without limitation, at least one of the elements of the group consisting of alumina, iron, platinum, molybdenum, chromium and nickel. The proportion of each metal element may be unknown in the first mixture 1.
Le liant 3 est, ici, un liant inorganique. Le liant 3 est, ici, un liant hydraulique. Le liant 3 peut comprendre en outre de la chaux, notamment si le premier mélange 1 est de consistance trop liquide. Le liant 3 peut comprendre par exemple du ciment Portland. Le liant 3 peut, en outre, être choisi pour ses propriétés lors de la fusion future du produit obtenu par le procédé. Après l'étape d'homogénéisation 100, on obtient un second mélange 11. Le second mélange 1 1 peut comprendre, par exemple, entre 3 et 10 % en masse de liant 3. Le second mélange 1 1 peut comprendre, par exemple, entre 6 et 15 % en masse d'eau 5. Le second mélange 1 1 présente généralement une consistance pâteuse. Le second mélange 1 1 a la propriété de prendre la forme de son contenant. Binder 3 is, here, an inorganic binder. The binder 3 is, here, a hydraulic binder. The binder 3 may further comprise lime, particularly if the first mixture 1 is of too liquid consistency. The binder 3 may comprise, for example, Portland cement. The binder 3 may, in addition, be chosen for its properties during the future melting of the product obtained by the process. After the homogenization step 100, a second mixture 11 is obtained. The second mixture 11 may comprise, for example, between 3 and 10% by weight of binder 3. The second mixture 11 may comprise, for example, between 6 and 15% by weight of water. The second mixture 11 generally has a pasty consistency. The second mixture 11 has the property of taking the form of its container.
Le second mélange 1 1 peut subir une étape de stockage 101. Le stockage 101 a lieu dans un contenant 9 adapté, par exemple une cuve à ouverture par le bas. L'étape de stockage 101 peut comprendre une agitation. Ladite agitation est intéressante en cas de propriété durcissante du second mélange 1 1. The second mixture 11 may undergo a storage step 101. The storage 101 takes place in a suitable container 9, for example a bottom-opening tank. step storage 101 may comprise agitation. Said agitation is advantageous in case of hardening property of the second mixture 1 1.
Le second mélange 1 1 est versé dans un contenant de convoyage 14, ou tiroir. Le contenant de convoyage 14 comprend, ici, quatre parois sensiblement verticales disposées selon un rectangle fermé. Le contenant de convoyage 14 est ouvert en partie haute pour recevoir le second mélange 1 1 depuis le contenant 9 du stockage 101 ou directement depuis une enceinte où a lieu l'homogénéisation 100, par exemple le malaxeur 7. Le contenant de convoyage 14 est ouvert dans sa partie basse. Au moment du remplissage du contenant de convoyage 14 par le second mélange 1 1 , ladite partie basse est obstruée par une plaque de fond 15. La plaque de fond 15 est agencée au dessous et en regard du contenant de convoyage 14 de manière à former un fond du contenant de convoyage 14. La plaque de fond 15 est, ici, fixe. Le contenant de convoyage 14 peut avoir, par exemple, une contenance d'environ 30 litres. The second mixture 11 is poured into a conveying container 14, or drawer. The conveying container 14 comprises, here, four substantially vertical walls arranged in a closed rectangle. The conveying container 14 is open at the top to receive the second mixture January 1 from the container 9 of the storage 101 or directly from a chamber where the homogenization takes place 100, for example the mixer 7. The conveying container 14 is open in its lower part. At the time of filling of the conveying container 14 with the second mixture 11, said lower part is obstructed by a bottom plate 15. The bottom plate 15 is arranged below and facing the conveying container 14 so as to form a bottom of the conveying container 14. The bottom plate 15 is fixed here. The conveying container 14 may have, for example, a capacity of about 30 liters.
Le procédé comprend une étape de pressage 102. L'étape de pressage 102 du second mélange 1 1 est réalisée au moyen d'un moule 17 ou bâti, d'une tête de presse 19 d'une presse 21 et d'une plaque d'appui 22. Le pressage 102 est réalisé selon un axe sensiblement vertical. Sur le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, la presse 21 effectue un déplacement F3 du haut vers le bas au pressage 102. The method comprises a pressing step 102. The pressing step 102 of the second mixture 11 is carried out by means of a mold 17 or frame, a press head 19 of a press 21 and a press plate 21. 22. The pressing 102 is made along a substantially vertical axis. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the press 21 moves F3 from top to bottom at pressing 102.
Le second mélange 1 1 est versé dans le moule 17. Le haut du moule 17 est ouvert durant son remplissage par le second mélange 1 1. Le remplissage du moule 17 est fait par le haut du moule 17. Selon le mode de réalisation représenté en figure 1 , le second mélange 1 1 est versé dans le moule 17 depuis le contenant de convoyage 14. Le contenant de convoyage 14 est apte à subir un déplacement sensiblement horizontal Fl pour venir d'une position sensiblement en regard et en dessous du contenant 9 vers une position sensiblement en regard et au dessus du moule 17, de la gauche vers la droite sur la figure 1. Le déplacement est réalisé au moyen d'un actionneur approprié (non représenté), comme par exemple un vérin. Le contenant de convoyage 14 déplace horizontalement le second mélange 1 1 vers le moule 17. La plaque de fond 15 reste sensiblement immobile lors du déplacement horizontal du contenant de convoyage 14. La plaque de fond 15 est agencée de manière que l'un de ses bords soit situé à proximité d'un bord du moule 17. Le contenant de convoyage 14, la plaque de fond 15 et le moule 17 sont agencés mutuellement pour que lors du déplacement horizontale Fl du contenant de convoyage 14, la plaque de fond 15 et le moule 17 restent immobiles. Lors dudit déplacement Fl, la partie basse du contenant de convoyage 14 se désaligné verticalement et progressivement de la plaque de fond 15 pour que la partie basse du contenant de convoyage 14 s'ouvre au dessus du moule 17. Le second mélange 11 tombe dans le moule 17 par l'ouverture de la partie basse du contenant de convoyage 14 et par gravité. The second mixture 11 is poured into the mold 17. The top of the mold 17 is open during its filling by the second mixture 1 1. The filling of the mold 17 is made by the top of the mold 17. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the second mixture 11 is poured into the mold 17 from the conveying container 14. The conveying container 14 is adapted to undergo a substantially horizontal movement Fl to come from a position substantially opposite and below the container 9 to a position substantially opposite and above the mold 17, from left to right in Figure 1. The displacement is achieved by means of a suitable actuator (not shown), such as a cylinder. The conveying container 14 moves the second mixture 1 1 horizontally towards the mold 17. The bottom plate 15 remains substantially immobile during the horizontal displacement of the conveying container 14. The bottom plate 15 is arranged so that one of its edges is located near an edge of the mold 17. The conveying container 14, the bottom plate 15 and the mold 17 are arranged mutually so that during the Horizontal displacement Fl of the conveying container 14, the bottom plate 15 and the mold 17 remain stationary. During said displacement F1, the lower part of the conveying container 14 misaligns vertically and progressively from the bottom plate 15 so that the lower part of the conveying container 14 opens above the mold 17. The second mixture 11 falls into the mold 17 by the opening of the lower part of the conveying container 14 and by gravity.
En variante, le second mélange 11 peut être versé en volume contrôlé dans le moule 17 depuis le contenant 9 adapté constituant un espace de stockage 101, par exemple par un système de glissière, toboggan, tube etc. Le second mélange 1 1 peut être versé dans le moule 17 depuis l'espace d'homogénéisation 100, par exemple le malaxeur 7, par exemple par un système de glissière, toboggan, tube etc. Alternatively, the second mixture 11 can be poured in controlled volume into the mold 17 from the container 9 adapted constituting a storage space 101, for example by a system of slide, slide, tube etc. The second mixture 11 may be poured into the mold 17 from the homogenization space 100, for example the kneader 7, for example by a slide system, slide, tube, etc.
Tel que représenté en figures 2 A et 2B, le moule 17 comprend un cadre 61. Le moule 17 comprend des parois intermédiaires 66. Le cadre 61 comprend un assemblage de quatre éléments allongés 62 à 65. Chacun des dits quatre éléments allongés 62 à 65 forme un côté du cadre 61. Parmi lesdits éléments allongés, on désignera arbitrairement une première paire d'éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63 et une deuxième paire d'éléments avant 64 et arrière 65. Chaque élément de chaque paire étant disposé en vis- à-vis de l'autre élément de la même paire. Lesdits éléments 62 à 65 sont fixés respectivement avec les deux éléments de l'autre paire par leurs extrémités respectives. Les éléments avant 64 et arrière 65 comprennent des trous borgnes 67. Les trous borgnes 67 sont ménagés à partir des surfaces orientées vers l'extérieur du cadre 61. Les trous borgnes 67 peuvent être utilisés pour la fixation du moule 17 avec au moins un organe d'une machine mettant en œuvre le procédé, par exemple la presse 21. Le cadre 61 a, ici, une épaisseur d'environ 80 millimètres. Le cadre 61 est ici sensiblement carré de côté mesurant environ 400 millimètres. Les parois intermédiaires 66, ou entretoises, ont une hauteur sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur du cadre 61. Les parois intermédiaires 66 ont une longueur comprise entre, la distance séparant les surfaces orientées vers l'intérieur et en regard mutuel du cadre 61 des éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63, et la distance séparant les surfaces orientées vers l'extérieur du cadre 61 des éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63. Les parois intermédiaires 66, sont fixées par leurs extrémités à chacun des éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63. Les parois intermédiaires 66 peuvent être fixées par soudage au cadre 61. Les surfaces orientées vers l'intérieur du cadre 61 des éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63 comprennent, ici, des rainures de fixation 69. Les rainures de fixation 69 sont alignées dans des directions sensiblement perpendiculaires au cadre 61. Les rainures de fixation 69 sont agencées pour loger les extrémités des parois intermédiaires 66. Les parois intermédiaires 66 sont fixées sensiblement parallèlement aux éléments avant 64 et arrière 65. Les parois intermédiaires 66 sont fixées sensiblement perpendiculairement aux surfaces orientées vers l'intérieur du cadre 61 des éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63. Les parois intermédiaires 66 sont fixées sensiblement parallèles les unes par rapport aux autres au sein du cadre 61. Les parois intermédiaires 66 peuvent être équidistantes entre elles. Les parois intermédiaires 66 sont, ici, mutuellement espacées d'environ 40 millimètres. La disposition des parois intermédiaires 66 forme une multiplicité d'espaces distincts, de préférence semblables, dans le cadre 61. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the mold 17 comprises a frame 61. The mold 17 comprises intermediate walls 66. The frame 61 comprises an assembly of four elongated elements 62 to 65. Each of said four elongated elements 62 to 65 One side of the frame 61 is formed. Among said elongate members, there will be arbitrarily designated a first pair of left 62 and right side members 63 and a second pair of front 64 and rear 65 members. to the other element of the same pair. Said elements 62 to 65 are respectively fixed with the two elements of the other pair by their respective ends. The front 64 and rear 65 elements comprise blind holes 67. The blind holes 67 are formed from the outward facing surfaces of the frame 61. The blind holes 67 can be used for fastening the mold 17 with at least one member of a machine implementing the method, for example the press 21. The frame 61 has here a thickness of about 80 millimeters. The frame 61 is here substantially square side measuring about 400 millimeters. The intermediate walls 66, or spacers, have a height substantially equal to the thickness of the frame 61. The intermediate walls 66 have a length between, the distance separating the facing surfaces facing each other and the frame 61 of the elements left side 62 and right 63, and the distance between the outwardly facing surfaces of the frame 61 of the left side members 62 and right 63. The intermediate walls 66, are fixed at their ends to each of the left side members 62 and right 63 The intermediate walls 66 may be attached by welding to the frame 61. The inward facing surfaces of the frame 61 of the left and right side members 62 and 63 comprise fixing grooves 69. The fixing grooves 69 are aligned in directions substantially perpendicular to the frame 61. The fixing grooves 69 are arranged to house the ends of the intermediate walls. 66. The intermediate walls 66 are fixed substantially parallel to the front 64 and rear 65 elements. The intermediate walls 66 are fixed substantially perpendicular to the inward facing surfaces of the frame 61 of the left 62 and right 63 side members. The intermediate walls 66 are fixed substantially parallel to each other within the frame 61. The intermediate walls 66 may be equidistant from each other. The intermediate walls 66 are, here, mutually spaced about 40 millimeters. The arrangement of the intermediate walls 66 forms a multiplicity of distinct, preferably similar, spaces in the frame 61.
Les parois intermédiaires 61 peuvent comprendre un angle de dépouille, par exemple d'environ 2%. Autrement dit, les surfaces mutuellement en vis-à-vis de deux parois intermédiaires 66 voisines peuvent avoir une distance qui s'écarte dans la direction d'un démoulage. Les angles de dépouille peuvent être obtenus par un usinage des parois intermédiaires 66. Ceci permet de faciliter le démoulage ultérieur. Malgré l'angle de dépouille, les parois intermédiaires 66 peuvent être considérées comme sensiblement parallèles entre elles. Les parois intermédiaires 66 comprennent des nervures 68. Les nervures 68 sont en saillie à partir des surfaces des parois intermédiaires 66. Les nervures 68 sont en saillie dans une direction parallèle au cadre 61. Les nervures 68 sont de forme allongée dans une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire au cadre 61 , c'est-à-dire une direction de pressage. Les nervures 68 ont, ici, un profil, dans une coupe sensiblement parallèle au cadre 61, en forme de demi-disque. Selon une variante, les nervures 68 peuvent présenter un profil de forme triangulaire. Les nervures 68 peuvent être mutuellement équidistantes le long de chaque paroi intermédiaire 66. Les nervures 68 sont, ici, mutuellement distantes d'environ 40 millimètres. Les nervures 68 s'étendent dans le sens de l'épaisseur du cadre 61. Les nervures 68 sont agencées pour créer des évidements dans des surfaces de la matière à mouler lors du contact avec les parois intermédiaires 66. Des nervures similaires peuvent être ménagées à partir des surfaces orientées vers l'intérieur et mutuellement en regard de l'un au moins des éléments allongés 62 à 65 du cadre 61. The intermediate walls 61 may comprise a draft angle, for example of about 2%. In other words, the mutually facing surfaces of two adjacent intermediate walls 66 may have a distance that deviates in the direction of demolding. The clearance angles can be obtained by machining the intermediate walls 66. This facilitates the subsequent demolding. Despite the clearance angle, the intermediate walls 66 may be considered substantially parallel to each other. The intermediate walls 66 comprise ribs 68. The ribs 68 project from the surfaces of the intermediate walls 66. The ribs 68 project in a direction parallel to the frame 61. The ribs 68 are elongated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the frame 61, that is to say a direction of pressing. The ribs 68 have, here, a profile, in a section substantially parallel to the frame 61, in the form of a half-disk. According to one variant, the ribs 68 may have a triangular profile. The ribs 68 may be mutually equidistant along each intermediate wall 66. The ribs 68 are, here, mutually distant by about 40 millimeters. The ribs 68 extend in the direction of the thickness of the frame 61. The ribs 68 are arranged to create recesses in surfaces of the molding material upon contact with the intermediate walls 66. Similar ribs may be provided to from the facing surfaces facing each other and at least one of the elongated members 62 to 65 of the frame 61.
La tête de presse 19 est représentée en figures 3 A à 3D. La tête de presse 19 comprend une plaque de support 71. La tête de presse 19 comprend des panneaux 73. La tête de presse 19 comprend des renforts 75. La tête de presse 19 comprend des faces d'appui 77. The press head 19 is shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D. The press head 19 comprises a support plate 71. The press head 19 comprises panels 73. The press head 19 comprises reinforcements 75. The press head 19 comprises bearing faces 77.
La plaque de support 71 est de forme sensiblement rectangulaire. La plaque de support 71 comprend des moyens de fixation adaptés à la presse 21. Ici, les moyens de fixation comprennent des trous 79 de fixation traversants ménagés dans l'épaisseur de la plaque de support 71 et au voisinage de deux de ses bords opposés. La plaque de support 71 a une épaisseur choisie pour résister aux efforts de compression de la presse 21, ici environ 3 centimètres. Chaque panneau 73 présente une forme générale rectangulaire comprenant deux grands côtés opposés correspondants à la longueur du panneau 73 et deux petits côtés opposés correspondants à la largeur du panneau 73. Chaque panneau 73 peut comprendre au moins un évidement 74. L'évidement 74 est choisi pour réduire la quantité de matière et là masse du dispositif, en faciliter la maintenance et notamment le nettoyage, sans pour autant nuire aux propriétés mécaniques dudit panneau 73. Les panneaux 73 sont fixés à la plaque de support 71. Une surface d'un grand côté de chaque panneau 73 est disposée en regard de la plaque de support 71. Chaque panneau 73 est disposé selon un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de la plaque de support 71. Les panneaux 73 sont disposés sensiblement parallèlement les uns par rapport aux autres. Les panneaux 73 sont disposés sur une face de la plaque de support 71. A l'état monté, ladite surface de la plaque de support 71 est en regard du moule 17. Les panneaux 73 ont un écart mutuel sensiblement constant. Ledit écart entre les panneaux 73 est choisi pour correspondre aux écarts séparant mutuellement les parois intermédiaires 66 du moule 17, soit, ici, environ 40 millimètres. L'épaisseur et la longueur des panneaux 73 sont choisis pour permettre une pénétration des panneaux 73 entre les parois intermédiaires 66 du moule 17, dans les espaces distincts du cadre 61. The support plate 71 is of substantially rectangular shape. The support plate 71 comprises fixing means adapted to the press 21. Here, the fixing means comprise through-fixing holes 79 formed in the thickness of the support plate 71 and in the vicinity of two of its opposite edges. The support plate 71 has a thickness selected to withstand the compressive forces of the press 21, here about 3 centimeters. Each panel 73 has a generally rectangular shape comprising two large opposite sides corresponding to the length of the panel 73 and two small opposite sides corresponding to the width of the panel 73. Each panel 73 may comprise at least one recess 74. The recess 74 is chosen to reduce the amount of material and the mass of the device, facilitate maintenance and especially cleaning, without impairing the mechanical properties of said panel 73. The panels 73 are attached to the support plate 71. A surface of a large side of each panel 73 is disposed opposite the support plate 71. Each panel 73 is disposed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the support plate 71. The panels 73 are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The panels 73 are arranged on one face of the support plate 71. In the mounted state, said surface of the support plate 71 is opposite the mold 17. The panels 73 have a substantially constant mutual gap. Said gap between the panels 73 is chosen to correspond to the differences between mutually intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17, here, about 40 millimeters. The thickness and the length of the panels 73 are chosen to allow penetration of the panels 73 between the intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17, in the distinct spaces of the frame 61.
Une pièce de renfort 75, ou tasseau, est ici disposée sur les petits côtés de chaque panneau 73. La tête de presse 19 comprend, ici, deux pièces de renfort 75. Les pièces de renfort 75 prennent la forme de parallélépipèdes allongés de faible épaisseur. A l'état monté, la direction allongée de chacune des pièces de renfort 75 est orientée sensiblement perpendiculairement aux plans des panneaux 73. La direction de l'épaisseur de chaque pièce de renfort 75 est orientée sensiblement parallèlement aux grands côtés des panneaux 73. Chacune des pièces de renfort 75 est disposée contre un ensemble de petits côtés des panneaux 73 sensiblement alignés les uns avec les autres. Les pièces de renfort 75 peuvent participer au maintien de l'alignement des petits côtés des panneaux 73 et au maintien de l'écart mutuel des panneaux 73. Chaque pièce de renfort 75 est disposée à faible distance de la plaque de support 71 et de manière que leur dimension allongée soit sensiblement parallèlement à la plaque de support 71. Les pièces de renfort 75 sont agencées pour permettre une pénétration des panneaux 73 entre les parois intermédiaires 66 du moule 17, en fonctionnement. Chacun des grands côtés de chacun des panneaux 73, situés du côté opposé à la plaque de support 71, sont coiffés d'un organe d'appui 77, encore appelé « semelle ». A reinforcement piece 75, or cleat, is here arranged on the short sides of each panel 73. The press head 19 comprises, here, two reinforcing pieces 75. The reinforcing pieces 75 take the form of thin elongated parallelepipeds . In the assembled state, the elongate direction of each of the reinforcing pieces 75 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the planes of the panels 73. The direction of the thickness of each reinforcing piece 75 is oriented substantially parallel to the long sides of the panels 73. Each reinforcement pieces 75 are disposed against a set of short sides of the panels 73 substantially aligned with each other. The reinforcing pieces 75 may participate in maintaining the alignment of the short sides of the panels 73 and in maintaining the mutual spacing of the panels 73. Each reinforcing piece 75 is arranged at a small distance from the support plate 71 and so that their elongated dimension is substantially parallel to the support plate 71. The reinforcing pieces 75 are arranged to allow penetration of the panels 73 between the intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17, in operation. Each of the long sides of each of the panels 73, located on the opposite side to the support plate 71, are capped with a support member 77, also called "sole".
Les organes d'appui 77 prennent la forme générale de parallélépipèdes allongés de faible épaisseur. A l'état monté, la direction allongée de chacun des organes d'appui 77 est orientée sensiblement parallèlement aux grands côtés des panneaux 73. La direction de l'épaisseur de chaque organe d'appui 77 est orientée sensiblement perpendiculairement au plan de la plaque de support 71, c'est-à-dire sensiblement selon l'axe du pressage. Les organes d'appui 77 sont sensiblement parallèles à la plaque de support 71. Les directions allongées de chacun des organes d'appui 77 sont sensiblement parallèles entre elles. Chaque panneau 73 est coiffé d'au moins un organe d'appui 77. Les organes d'appui 77 comprennent chacun au moins une surface d'appui 78 orientée du côté opposé à la plaque de support 71. L'ensemble des surfaces d'appui 78 sont contenues, ici et aux tolérances près, dans un unique plan sensiblement parallèle à la plaque de support 71. L'écart intercalaire entre chaque organe d'appui 77 est ajusté pour correspondre sensiblement à l'épaisseur de chaque paroi intermédiaire 66 du moule 17. Les organes d'appui 77 peuvent être assimilés à des élargissements de l'épaisseur des portions des panneaux 73 situées du côté du grand côté opposé à la plaque de support 71. Chaque panneau 73 et l'organe d'appui 77 correspondants peuvent être une pièce monobloc. The support members 77 take the general shape of elongated parallelepipeds of small thickness. In the mounted state, the elongate direction of each of the support members 77 is oriented substantially parallel to the long sides of the panels 73. The direction of the thickness of each support member 77 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane of the plate 71, that is to say substantially according to the axis of pressing. The support members 77 are substantially parallel to the support plate 71. The elongated directions of each of the support members 77 are substantially parallel to each other. Each panel 73 is capped with at least one support member 77. The support members 77 each comprise at least one bearing surface 78 oriented on the opposite side to the support plate 71. support 78 are contained, here and to the tolerances, in a single plane substantially parallel to the support plate 71. The spacing between each support member 77 is adjusted to correspond substantially to the thickness of each intermediate wall 66 of the mold 17. The support members 77 can be likened to enlargements of the thickness of the portions of the panels 73 located on the side of the long side opposite the support plate 71. Each panel 73 and the corresponding support member 77 can be a one-piece piece.
Chaque organe d'appui 77 comprend des encoches 82. Les encoches 82 sont ménagées dans les grands côtés des organes d'appui 77. Les encoches 82 s'étendent dans l'épaisseur des organes d'appui 77. Les encoches 82 sont agencées pour être en correspondance de forme avec les nervures 68 des parois intermédiaires 66 du moule 17. En fonctionnement, les surfaces d'appui 78 des organes d'appui 77 sont orientées vers le moule 17. Selon une variante non représentée, les surfaces d'appui 78 peuvent être munies de nervures semblables aux nervures 68 des parois intermédiaires 66 mais orientées parallèlement à la plaque de support 71. En fonctionnement, les organes d'appui 77 de la tête de presse 19 pénètrent entre chaque paroi intermédiaire 66 du moule 17. Chaque espace entre les organes d'appui 77 et les parois intermédiaires 66 situé de part et d'autre, est minimisé. De manière générale, l'agencement, les dimensions et la disposition de la tête de presse 19 et du moule 17 sont mutuellement ajustés. Each support member 77 comprises notches 82. The notches 82 are formed in the long sides of the support members 77. The notches 82 extend in the thickness of the support members 77. The notches 82 are arranged to be in correspondence of shape with the ribs 68 of the intermediate walls 66 of the mold 17. In operation, the bearing surfaces 78 of the support members 77 are oriented towards the mold 17. According to a variant not shown, the bearing surfaces 78 may be provided with ribs similar to the ribs 68 of the intermediate walls 66 but oriented parallel to the support plate 71. In operation, the support members 77 of the press head 19 penetrate between each intermediate wall 66 of the mold 17. Each space between the support members 77 and the intermediate walls 66 located on either side is minimized. In general, the arrangement, dimensions and arrangement of the press head 19 and the mold 17 are mutually adjusted.
Comme représenté sur la figure 4, en fonctionnement, la presse 21 assure un déplacement sensiblement vertical F3 et/ou F5 et relatif entre le moule 17 et la tête de presse 19. Le mode de réalisation représenté, de la presse 21 , comprend un système de crémaillères 21a et de roues dentées 21b. En variante, le système de crémaillères 21a et de roues dentées 21b, est remplacé par un système de vérin(s) hydraulique(s) ou pneumatique(s) connu en lui-même, dimensionné pour appliquer des pressions par exemple de l'ordre de 100 à 200 bars. As shown in FIG. 4, in operation, the press 21 provides a substantially vertical movement F3 and / or F5 and relative between the mold 17 and the press head 19. The illustrated embodiment of the press 21 comprises a system of racks 21a and gear wheels 21b. Alternatively, the system of racks 21a and gear wheels 21b, is replaced by a system of cylinder (s) hydraulic (s) or tire (s) known in itself, sized to apply pressures for example of the order of 100 to 200 bar.
Après que le contenant de convoyage 14 ait versé le second mélange 1 1 dans le moule 17, l'étape de pressage 102 peut débuter. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le contenant de convoyage 14 est replacé dans une position écartée (déplacement selon F2 sur la figure 1) horizontalement du moule 17, de la droite vers la gauche sur la figure 1, par exemple au dessus de la plaque de fond 15, après que le second mélange 1 1 soit tombé dans le moule 17 et avant le pressage 102. After the conveying container 14 has poured the second mixture 11 into the mold 17, the pressing step 102 can begin. In the embodiment shown, the conveying container 14 is placed back in a remote position (displacement along F2 in FIG. 1) horizontally of the mold 17, from the right to the left in FIG. 1, for example above the plate. bottom 15, after the second mixture 1 1 has fallen into the mold 17 and before the pressing 102.
En variante, le contenant de convoyage 14 peut rester sensiblement aligné verticalement avec la tête de presse 19 et le moule 17. Dans cette variante, le contenant de convoyage 14 est agencé pour permettre l'interaction de la tête de presse 19 et du moule 17. Cette variante présente l'avantage d'améliorer la descente du second mélange 1 1 dans le moule 17 par le passage de la tête de presse 19 ou du moule 17 au travers du contenant de convoyage 14, notamment lorsque le second mélange 1 1 a tendance à adhériser aux parois du contenant de convoyage 14. Le contenant de convoyage 14 peut être ajusté à la tête de presse 19 pour subir un raclage de ses surfaces internes lors du pressage 102. Alternatively, the conveying container 14 can remain substantially aligned vertically with the press head 19 and the mold 17. In this variant, the conveying container 14 is arranged to allow the interaction of the press head 19 and the mold 17 This variant has the advantage of improving the descent of the second mixture 1 1 in the mold 17 by the passage of the press head 19 or the mold 17 through the conveying container 14, especially when the second mixture 1 1 a tendency to adhere to the walls of the conveying container 14. The conveying container 14 can be adjusted to the press head 19 to scrape its internal surfaces during pressing 102.
Sous le moule 17 est disposé un convoyeur 29, dans l'exemple de la figure 1 un tapis roulant. Le convoyeur 29 comprend deux rouleaux d'extrémité opposés 30a et 30b dont au moins un peut être entraîné par un moteur (non représenté). Le convoyeur 29 comprend une bande fermée 34, ou nappe. Par bande fermée 34 on entend une bande ayant une forme de révolution. La bande fermée 34 est enveloppée autour des deux rouleaux 30a et 30b. La bande fermée 34 comprend un matériau souple par exemple un élastomère de faible épaisseur et de faible compressibilité. La bande fermée 34 inclut un brin supérieur 34a et un brin inférieur 34b. Le convoyeur 29 comprend la plaque d'appui 22. La plaque d'appui 22 comprend une surface d'appui apte à supporter mécaniquement le pressage 102. Sous le brin supérieur 34a du convoyeur 29 est disposée la plaque d'appui 22. La plaque d'appui 22 est de surface, d'épaisseur et de composition adaptées pour correspondre au moule 17 et pour résister au pressage 102 appliqué par la presse 21. La plaque d'appui 22 est immobile. En état autre que celui du pressage 102, la plaque d'appui 22 est verticalement agencée pour permettre à la bande fermée 34 de tourner autour des rouleaux 30a et 30b et notamment au brin supérieur 34a de se déplacer horizontalement en limitant les frottements. La plaque d'appui 22 est disposée à proximité et sous le brin supérieur 34a et en regard du moule 17. La plaque d'appui 22 est située entre les deux brins 34a et 34b. Cet agencement permet un moulage 102 directement sur le brin supérieur 34a mais supporté mécaniquement par la plaque d'appui 22 prenant en sandwich le brin supérieur 34a du tapis roulant avec le moule 17. Le brin supérieur 34a est agencé pour supporter un déplacement élastique vertical le plaquant contre la plaque d'appui 22 lors du pressage 102. Le convoyeur 29 obture le bas du moule 17 lors du pressage 102. Under the mold 17 is disposed a conveyor 29, in the example of Figure 1 a conveyor belt. The conveyor 29 comprises two opposite end rollers 30a and 30b, at least one of which can be driven by a motor (not shown). The conveyor 29 comprises a closed band 34, or web. By closed band 34 is meant a band having a shape of revolution. The closed band 34 is wrapped around the two rollers 30a and 30b. The closed band 34 comprises a flexible material, for example an elastomer of small thickness and low compressibility. The closed band 34 includes an upper strand 34a and a lower strand 34b. The conveyor 29 comprises the support plate 22. The support plate 22 comprises a bearing surface capable of mechanically supporting the pressing 102. Under the upper strand 34a of the conveyor 29 is disposed the support plate 22. The plate 22 is surface, thickness and composition adapted to match the mold 17 and to withstand pressing 102 applied by the press 21. The support plate 22 is stationary. In a state other than that of the pressing 102, the support plate 22 is vertically arranged to allow the closed band 34 to rotate around the rollers 30a and 30b and in particular to the upper strand 34a to move horizontally by limiting the friction. The support plate 22 is disposed near and under the upper strand 34a and facing the mold 17. The support plate 22 is located between the two strands 34a and 34b. This arrangement allows a molding 102 directly on the upper strand 34a but mechanically supported by the support plate 22 sandwiching the upper strand 34a of the conveyor belt with the mold 17. The upper strand 34a is arranged to support a vertical elastic movement on the pressing against the support plate 22 during pressing 102. The conveyor 29 closes the bottom of the mold 17 during pressing 102.
En fonctionnement, la tête de presse 19 est au moins partiellement insérée dans le moule 17. La presse 21 applique une force tendant à enfoncer la tête de presse 19 dans le moule 17. La tête de presse 19 coulisse dans le moule 17. Ici, la tête de presse 19 subit un déplacement F3 du haut vers le bas dans le moule 17. Le moule 17 est sensiblement immobile. Le moule 17 est situé au-dessus du convoyeur 29, en face de la plaque d'appui 22. Le moule 17 peut être au contact du brin supérieur 34a de la bande fermée 34 du convoyeur 29. La tête de presse 19 est descendue au moins partiellement dans le moule 17. Ledit déplacement assure une compression maîtrisée du second mélange 1 1 disposé dans le moule 17, entre la tête de presse 19 d'une part, plus particulièrement par les surfaces d'appui 78 des organes d'appui 77 et par le brin supérieur 34a du convoyeur 29 située en regard, soutenue mécaniquement par la plaque d'appui 22, d'autre part. Le second mélange 1 1 est bloqué dans une première direction horizontale entre les parois intermédiaires 66 ou entre une paroi intermédiaire 66 et l'élément avant 64 ou l'élément arrière 65. Le second mélange 1 1 est bloqué dans une seconde direction horizontale, perpendiculaire à la première, entre les éléments latéraux gauche 62 et droite 63. Le second mélange 1 1 est compressé entre la surface d'appui 78 et la plaque d'appui 22. La plaque d'appui 22 étant, ici, recouverte du brin supérieur 34a appartenant au convoyeur 29. Selon une variante de réalisation ou en complément, le moule 17 et la plaque d'appui 22 peuvent subir un déplacement vertical F5 vers la tête de presse 19. In operation, the press head 19 is at least partially inserted in the mold 17. The press 21 applies a force tending to push the press head 19 into the mold 17. The press head 19 slides in the mold 17. Here, the press head 19 undergoes a displacement F3 from top to bottom in the mold 17. The mold 17 is substantially stationary. The mold 17 is located above the conveyor 29, in front of the support plate 22. The mold 17 can be in contact with the upper strand 34a of the closed band 34 of the conveyor 29. The press head 19 is lowered to This displacement provides a controlled compression of the second mixture 1 1 disposed in the mold 17, between the press head 19 on the one hand, more particularly by the bearing surfaces 78 of the support members 77 and by the upper end 34a of the conveyor 29 located opposite, supported mechanically by the support plate 22, on the other hand. The second mixture 11 is blocked in a first horizontal direction between the intermediate walls 66 or between an intermediate wall 66 and the front element 64 or the rear element 65. The second mixture 11 is blocked in a second horizontal, perpendicular direction. at the first, between the left side members 62 and right 63. The second mixture 1 1 is compressed between the bearing surface 78 and the support plate 22. The support plate 22 is here covered with the upper strand 34a belonging to the conveyor 29. According to an alternative embodiment or in addition, the mold 17 and the support plate 22 can undergo a vertical movement F5 towards the press head 19.
L'étape de pressage 102 est adaptable et optimisable selon divers paramètres. Parmi ces paramètres on peut choisir par exemple une durée de pressage comprise entre 1 et 10 seconde(s), de préférence entre 1 et 5 seconde(s). On peut choisir une force de pressage comprise entre 100 et 200 bars. Les valeurs données sont des exemples et pourront être adaptés en fonction du second mélange 1 1 et de la forme et la densité des produits à obtenir. L'étape de pressage 102 peut comprendre un traitement thermique. L'étape de pressage 102 peut comprendre plusieurs sous-étapes durant lesquelles les paramètres précédents varient. Entre le début et la fin du pressage 102, l'écart entre les surfaces d'appui 78 d'une part et la plaque d'appui 22 d'autre part, a été réduit d'une valeur prédéterminée. Par exemple, cet écart peut passer d'environ l'épaisseur du cadre 61 , ici environ 80 millimètres, à environ la moitié, soit, 40 millimètres. Ledit écart, après pressage détermine une des dimensions finales choisie du second mélange 1 1 après pressage 102. The pressing step 102 is adaptable and optimizable according to various parameters. Among these parameters, it is possible to choose, for example, a pressing time of between 1 and 10 seconds, preferably between 1 and 5 seconds. It is possible to choose a pressing force of between 100 and 200 bar. The values given are examples and may be adapted according to the second mixture 11 and the shape and density of the products to be obtained. The pressing step 102 may comprise a heat treatment. The pressing step 102 may comprise several substeps during which the preceding parameters vary. Between the beginning and the end of the pressing 102, the gap between the bearing surfaces 78 on the one hand and the support plate 22 on the other hand, has been reduced by a predetermined value. For example, this gap can go from about the thickness of the frame 61, here about 80 millimeters, to about half, or 40 millimeters. Said difference, after pressing, determines one of the chosen final dimensions of the second mixture 1 1 after pressing 102.
A la fin du pressage 102, le second mélange 11 est au moins partiellement solidifié. Le solide obtenu est appelé gâteau 25. Le gâteau 25 peut avoir une composition différente du second mélange 1 1, par exemple par la perte d'une phase liquide. Ladite phase liquide peut avoir été évacuée lors du pressage 102, par exemple au travers d'interstices entre les pièces composant le moule 17 et la tête de presse 19. Le gâteau 25 peut avoir une granulométrie choisie, par exemple entre 0,6 et 0,8 micromètres. L'agglomération est contrôlée en choisissant notamment les paramètres du pressage 102 et la composition du liant 5. En fonction de l'agencement du moule 17, un pressage 102 peut créer un ou plusieurs gâteaux 25 à la fois. At the end of the pressing 102, the second mixture 11 is at least partially solidified. The solid obtained is called a cake 25. The cake 25 may have a composition different from the second mixture 11, for example by the loss of a liquid phase. Said liquid phase may have been evacuated during pressing 102, for example through interstices between the parts making up the mold 17 and the press head 19. The cake 25 may have a selected particle size, for example between 0.6 and 0 , 8 micrometers. The agglomeration is controlled by choosing in particular the parameters of the pressing 102 and the composition of the binder 5. Depending on the arrangement of the mold 17, a pressing 102 can create one or more cakes 25 at a time.
Dans une variante, le cadre 61 peut comprendre la plaque d'appui 22. La plaque d'appui 22 forme alors un fond du moule 17. Le pressage 102 du second mélange 1 1 est alors réalisé directement sur la plaque d'appui 22. Le convoyeur 29 peut comprendre une bande fermée 34 mais ladite bande fermée 34 n'est pas prise entre la plaque d'appui 22 et le second mélange 1 1 lors du pressage 102. La plaque d'appui 22 n'est pas située sous le brin supérieur 34a de la bande fermée 34 du convoyeur 29. La plaque d'appui 22 est amovible. La plaque d'appui 22 est désolidarisée ou retirée du cadre 61 après le pressage 102. La désolidarisation ouvre la partie basse du moule 17 pour pouvoir réaliser l'étape de démoulage 103. La plaque d'appui 22 peut par exemple coulisser horizontalement dans le cadre 61 dans des rails prévus dans les parties basses des éléments allongés 62 à 65 du cadre 61. In a variant, the frame 61 may comprise the support plate 22. The support plate 22 then forms a bottom of the mold 17. The pressing 102 of the second mixture 1 1 is then made directly on the support plate 22. The conveyor 29 may comprise a closed band 34 but said closed band 34 is not taken between the support plate 22 and the second mixture 1 1 during the pressing 102. The support plate 22 is not located under the upper end 34a of the closed band 34 of the conveyor 29. The support plate 22 is removable. The support plate 22 is disengaged or removed from the frame 61 after the pressing 102. The uncoupling opens the lower part of the mold 17 in order to perform the demolding step 103. The support plate 22 may for example slide horizontally in the frame 61 in rails provided in the lower parts of the elongated elements 62 to 65 of the frame 61.
Lorsque la phase de pressage 102 est terminée, une étape de démoulage 103 peut débuter. Le procédé comprend une étape de démoulage 103. Un déplacement relatif supplémentaire F3 ou F5 de la tête de presse 19 par rapport au moule 17, pousse le gâteau 25 en dehors du cadre 61 par la partie basse du moule 17. Ici, lors du démoulage 103, la tête de presse 19 est immobile. Le moule 17 est alors déplacé verticalement F5 vers le haut. Le déplacement F5 du moule 17 écarte verticalement le moule 17 du convoyeur 29 et de la plaque d'appui 22. Ledit écartement F5 met le bas du moule 17 en état ouvert pour le démoulage 103. Autrement dit, le déplacement vertical relatif entre le moule 17 et la tête de presse 19 est réalisé dans le même sens au démoulage 103 et au pressage 102. Le sens est constant. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté en figure 1 , le déplacement relatif de la tête de presse 19 par rapport au moule 17 est assuré par la descente F3 de la tête de presse 19 au travers dudit moule 17 immobile, lors du pressage 102. Le déplacement relatif de la tête de presse 19 par rapport au moule 17 est assuré par la montée F5 du moule 17 au travers de la tête de presse 19 immobile, lors du démoulage 103. La presse 21 est choisie apte à assurer ces déplacements relatifs. Le mouvement relatif de la tête de presse 19 au travers du moule 17 pousse le gâteau 25 hors du moule 17 par sa partie inférieure. Il y a interpénétration du moule 17 et de la tête de presse 19. When the pressing phase 102 is completed, a demolding step 103 can begin. The method comprises a step of demolding 103. A further relative movement F3 or F5 of the press head 19 relative to the mold 17, pushes the cake 25 outside the frame 61 by the lower part of the mold 17. Here, during demolding 103, the press head 19 is stationary. The mold 17 is then moved vertically F5 upwards. The displacement F5 of the mold 17 vertically separates the mold 17 from the conveyor 29 and the support plate 22. Said gap F5 places the bottom of the mold 17 in the open state for demolding 103. In other words, the relative vertical displacement between the mold 17 and the press head 19 is made in the same direction at demolding 103 and pressing 102. The direction is constant. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the relative displacement of the press head 19 with respect to the mold 17 is ensured by the descent F3 of the press head 19 through said immobile mold 17, during pressing 102. relative to the press head 19 relative to the mold 17 is provided by the rise F5 of the mold 17 through the press head 19 immobile, during demolding 103. The press 21 is chosen capable of ensuring these relative movements. The relative movement of the press head 19 through the mold 17 pushes the cake 25 out of the mold 17 by its lower part. There is interpenetration of the mold 17 and the press head 19.
Dans la variante avec une plaque de support 22 amovible fixée au moule 17, au cours du démoulage 103, la presse 21 peut continuer son mouvement de translation du haut vers le bas (F3). Le moule 17 peut rester sensiblement immobile. En fin de démoulage 103, le gâteau 25 peut tomber sur le convoyeur 29 ou sur le sol 31. Dans une variante, une étape intermédiaire entre le moulage 102 et le démoulage 103 comprend la montée F5 du moule 17 et la montée F4 de la tête de presse 19. La montée F5 du moule 17 peut alors être effectuée pour ouvrir le fond du moule 17, c'est-à-dire pour l'écarter de la plaque de support 22. Ladite montée F5 du moule 17 ne s'opposant pas à la tête de presse 19, elle peut être effectuée par un système de puissance limitée. L'extraction du gâteau 25 en tant que telle est alors réalisée postérieurement par une descente F3 de la tête de presse 19 au travers du moule 17. Cette variante permet d'associer une presse à la tête de presse 19 d'une part et un moyen de déplacement vertical au moule 17 d'autre part. Le moule 17 peut être bloqué verticalement lors de l'extraction du gâteau 25. In the variant with a removable support plate 22 fixed to the mold 17, during demolding 103, the press 21 can continue its upward translation movement (F3). The mold 17 can remain substantially stationary. At the end of demolding 103, the cake 25 can fall on the conveyor 29 or on the floor 31. In a variant, an intermediate step between the molding 102 and the demolding 103 comprises the rise F5 of the mold 17 and the rise F4 of the press head 19. The rise F5 of the mold 17 can then be performed to open the bottom of the mold 17 , that is to say, to move it away from the support plate 22. Said rise F5 of the mold 17 does not oppose the press head 19, it can be performed by a limited power system. The extraction of the cake 25 as such is then carried out subsequently by a descent F3 of the press head 19 through the mold 17. This variant makes it possible to associate a press with the press head 19 on the one hand and a press on the other. means of vertical displacement to the mold 17 on the other hand. The mold 17 can be locked vertically during the extraction of the cake 25.
Dans une variante, le pressage 102 et le démoulage 103 peuvent être réalisés par deux têtes de presse distinctes et d'axe vertical distincts. Le moule 17 se déplaçant au moins horizontalement pour s'aligner successivement avec l'une et l'autre des deux têtes de presse. Cette variante présente l'intérêt de dissocier la fonction de chacune des têtes de presse et d'y associer des presses de puissance adaptées. In a variant, the pressing 102 and the demolding 103 may be performed by two separate press heads and vertical axis distinct. The mold 17 moving at least horizontally to align successively with one and the other of the two press heads. This variant has the advantage of separating the function of each of the press heads and to associate therewith appropriate power presses.
Le gâteau 25 est alors démoulé sur le convoyeur 29. L'étape de démoulage 103 comprend l'extraction du gâteau 25 par le bas du moule 17. Comme représenté en figure 5, le gâteau 25 prend, ici, la forme de plusieurs barrettes 25a ayant chacune une forme complémentaire des espaces entre le moule 17, la tête de presse 19 et la plaque de support 22, lors du pressage 102. En un cycle d'étapes, on peut créer autant de barrettes 25a que d'espaces distincts dans le moule 17. Le gâteau 25 et/ou les barrettes 25a prennent des formes complémentaires des espaces entre le moule 17 et la tête de presse 19 lors du pressage 102. The cake 25 is then demolded on the conveyor 29. The demolding step 103 comprises the extraction of the cake 25 from the bottom of the mold 17. As represented in FIG. 5, the cake 25 here takes the form of several bars 25a. each having a complementary shape of the spaces between the mold 17, the press head 19 and the support plate 22, during the pressing 102. In a cycle of steps, one can create as many bars 25a as separate spaces in the mold 17. The cake 25 and / or the bars 25a take complementary shapes of the spaces between the mold 17 and the press head 19 during the pressing 102.
Les barrettes 25a, ou barres prennent la forme de parallélépipèdes allongés de section sensiblement rectangulaire. Les parois intermédiaires 66 étant sensiblement parallèles entre elles, elles forment des gâteaux 25 de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique. Au moins une, ici deux, face(s) sur la longueur de chaque barrette 25a d'aggloméré comprend des rainures 81 , ou fente de préfissuration. Les rainures 81 sont de forme complémentaire aux nervures du moule 17 et notamment aux nervures 68 des parois intermédiaires 66. Les nervures 68, sont agencées pour former des rainures 81 aptes à être initiatrices de la rupture des barrettes 25a en plusieurs portions d'aggloméré 33. Les portions d'aggloméré 33 sont représentées en figure 6. La disposition des rainures 81 permet de choisir la manière dont le gâteau 25, ici les barrettes 25a, peut être sécable. Les rainures 81 peuvent former des points d'affaiblissement choisis. Ici, les portions d'aggloméré 33 sont sensiblement semblables et peuvent être normalisés. Ici, les portions d'aggloméré 33 ont une forme générale sensiblement cubique d'arêtes d'environ 40 millimètres. En fin de démoulage 103, le gâteau 25 est sur le brin supérieur 34a du convoyeur 29. Le convoyeur 29 peut alors être activé pour emmener le gâteau 25 (ou les barrettes 25a) vers une sortie comprise dans le dispositif. Ici, le brin supérieur 34a de la bande fermée 34 du convoyeur est entraîné par les rouleaux 30a et 30b, ledit brin supérieur 34a déplace le gâteau 25 au moins horizontalement jusqu'au voisinage de l'un des rouleaux 30b situé en sortie du dispositif. Le gâteau 25 est éjecté du convoyeur 29 et entame une chute. Le gâteau 25 peut tomber directement sur le sol 31 , ou sur un support solide. L'impact mécanique consécutif de la chute du gâteau 25 peut être réalisé avec le sol 31. Ledit impact mécanique peut provoquer une initiation de rupture prévue du gâteau 25. Autrement dit, le dispositif comprend une sortie apte à mettre en chute libre un gâteau 25 issus du démoulage 103. La sortie est agencée pour que la fin de la chute provoque le bris du gâteau 25 en portions d'aggloméré 33. Par exemple, la hauteur de chute peut être supérieure à environ 1 mètre. Ladite rupture peut être choisie par l'agencement du moule 17 et de la tête de presse 19, notamment en fonction des nervures étant à l'origine des rainures 81. Le gâteau 25 ou les barrettes 25a peuvent être sectionnés en portions d'aggloméré 33. Le démoulage 103 comprend la chute du gâteau 25, la fin de la chute provoquant le bris du gâteau 25 en portions d'aggloméré 33. Les portions d'aggloméré 33 et/ou les barrettes 25a peuvent être stockées dans un contenant 35 adapté. Le contenant 35 peut être, par exemple, un sac. Selon une variante, après démoulage 103, l'effet de retrait et/ou des vibrations, par exemple lors du transport sur le convoyeur 29, peuvent suffire à initier la rupture des gâteaux 25 en portion d'aggloméré 33. La presse 21 inverse son mouvement pour replacer la tête de presse 19 et le moule 17 dans leurs états initiaux respectifs. Dans le mode représenté en figure 1, la tête de presse 19 est remontée (selon F4) et le moule 17 est redescendu (selon F5). Le dispositif est apte à recommencer un cycle de pressage 102 et démoulage 103. The bars 25a or bars take the form of elongated parallelepipeds of substantially rectangular section. The intermediate walls 66 being substantially parallel to each other, they form cakes 25 of substantially parallelepiped shape. At least one, here two, face (s) along the length of each chip bar 25a comprises grooves 81, or pre-cracking slot. The grooves 81 are of complementary shape to the ribs of the mold 17 and in particular to the ribs 68 intermediate walls 66. The ribs 68, are arranged to form grooves 81 able to initiate the rupture of the webs 25a in several portions of agglomerate 33. The sinter portions 33 are shown in Figure 6. The disposition of the grooves 81 allows to choose how the cake 25, here the bars 25a, can be scored. The grooves 81 may form selected weak points. Here, the sinter portions 33 are substantially similar and can be normalized. Here, the sinter portions 33 have a generally cubic overall shape of edges of about 40 millimeters. At the end of demolding 103, the cake 25 is on the upper strand 34a of the conveyor 29. The conveyor 29 can then be activated to take the cake 25 (or the strips 25a) to an output included in the device. Here, the upper strand 34a of the closed band 34 of the conveyor is driven by the rollers 30a and 30b, said upper strand 34a moves the cake 25 at least horizontally to the vicinity of one of the rollers 30b at the output of the device. The cake 25 is ejected from the conveyor 29 and starts a fall. The cake 25 can fall directly on the ground 31, or on a solid support. The subsequent mechanical impact of the drop of the cake 25 can be achieved with the floor 31. Said mechanical impact can cause a planned initiation of breaking cake 25. In other words, the device comprises an outlet capable of free falling a cake 25 The outlet is arranged so that the end of the fall causes breakage of the cake 25 in agglomerated portions 33. For example, the height of fall may be greater than about 1 meter. Said rupture can be chosen by the arrangement of the mold 17 and the press head 19, in particular as a function of the ribs being at the origin of the grooves 81. The cake 25 or the bars 25a can be cut into chipboard portions 33 The demolding 103 comprises the falling of the cake 25, the end of the fall causing the breaking of the cake 25 in chip portions 33. The sinter portions 33 and / or the bars 25a can be stored in a suitable container 35. The container 35 may be, for example, a bag. According to a variant, after demolding 103, the shrinkage and / or vibration effect, for example during transport on the conveyor 29, may be sufficient to initiate the breaking of the cakes 25 into agglomerated portion 33. The press 21 reverses its movement to replace the press head 19 and the mold 17 in their respective initial states. In the mode shown in Figure 1, the press head 19 is raised (according to F4) and the mold 17 is down (according to F5). The device is able to restart a pressing cycle 102 and demolding 103.
Le gâteau 25 et/ou les portions d'aggloméré 33 peuvent subir une période de maturation, par exemple d'environ 24 heures. La période de maturation comprend un entreposage permettant au liant 3 d'agir et de fixer la structure du gâteau 25 et/ou de la portion d'aggloméré 33. La maturation permet le durcissage des gâteaux 25. The cake 25 and / or agglomerate portions 33 may undergo a ripening period, e.g., about 24 hours. The ripening period comprises storage allowing the binder 3 to act and fix the structure of the cake 25 and / or of the agglomerate portion 33. The ripening allows the cakes 25 to harden.
Le procédé d'agrégation de poussière et/ou de boue comprenant des métaux permet d'obtenir un produit ayant une structure et une composition aptes au traitement postérieur. Le traitement postérieur peut consister en une fusion des agglomérés ou des portions d'aggloméré selon des méthodes connues en elles-mêmes. Le procédé étant peu coûteux, la rentabilité du retraitement des déchets d'industries métallurgiques peut être améliorée. Le processus permet d'assurer une homogénéité et/ou standardisation du produit final aggloméré. La possibilité de modulation importante du temps de pressage permet d'adapter le procédé à divers compositions du premier mélange et à diverses structurés désirées. Le dispositif utilisé pour le procédé est aisément adaptable aux procédés postérieurs de récupération des métaux. La Demanderesse a notamment remarqué que la granulométrie desdits agglomérés était paramétrable en adaptant la composition et la quantité de liant, la structure du moule et de la tête de presse ainsi que la force et la durée du pressage et éventuellement la température de traitement. The method of aggregation of dust and / or sludge comprising metals provides a product having a structure and composition suitable for subsequent treatment. The subsequent treatment may consist of a melting of the agglomerates or portions of agglomerate according to methods known per se. Since the process is inexpensive, the profitability of the reprocessing of waste from metallurgical industries can be improved. The process makes it possible to ensure homogeneity and / or standardization of the final agglomerated product. The possibility of significant modulation of the pressing time makes it possible to adapt the process to various compositions of the first mixture and to various desired structures. The device used for the process is readily adaptable to later metal recovery processes. The Applicant has particularly noted that the particle size of said agglomerates was parameterizable by adapting the composition and the amount of binder, the structure of the mold and the press head as well as the strength and duration of the pressing and optionally the treatment temperature.
Le dispositif permet la transformation des poussières ou boues en agglomérés dont la composition et la structure permettent un traitement postérieur rejetant des gaz dont la toxicité est réduite. Ceci peut permettre notamment de respecter des normes relatives à l'écologie dans de nombreux pays. La Demanderesse a notamment mesuré une diminution d'au moins 80% des rejets de dioxyde de carbone par rapport aux techniques habituelles. Les produits obtenus sont donc adaptables aux techniques employées pour récupérer les métaux tout en réduisant l'impact écologique néfaste de l'ensemble du processus de recyclage. The device allows the transformation of dust or sludge into agglomerates whose composition and structure allow a subsequent treatment rejecting gases whose toxicity is reduced. This can include meeting ecology standards in many countries. The Applicant has in particular measured a reduction of at least 80% of the carbon dioxide emissions compared with the usual techniques. The products obtained are therefore adaptable to the techniques used to recover metals while reducing the negative ecological impact of the entire recycling process.
L'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples de procédé et d'appareils décrits ci- avant, seulement à titre d'exemples, mais elle englobe toutes les variantes que pourra envisager l'homme de l'art dans le cadre des revendications ci-après. The invention is not limited to the examples of methods and apparatus described above, only as examples, but encompasses all the variants that can be envisaged by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims herein. after.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé d'agglomération d'un mélange (11) comprenant des poussières métalliques et un liant (3), comprenant une étape de pressage (102) du mélange (1 1), A method of agglomerating a mixture (11) comprising metallic dusts and a binder (3), comprising a step of pressing (102) the mixture (1 1),
caractérisé en ce que le pressage (102) comprend le pressage par une tête de presse (19) dans un moule (17) muni d'un cadre (61) et de parois intermédiaires (66) orientées sensiblement parallèlement à la direction de l'épaisseur du cadre (61) et équipées de nervures (68) en saillies dans une direction comprise dans le plan du cadre (61) et allongées dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction de l'épaisseur du cadre (61), le moule (17) étant configuré pour former au moins un gâteau (25), lesdites nervures (68) formant des rainures (81) dans ledit gâteau (25) de manière à rendre ledit gâteau (25) sécable en portions d'aggloméré (33).  characterized in that the pressing (102) comprises pressing by a press head (19) in a mold (17) provided with a frame (61) and intermediate walls (66) oriented substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame (61) and provided with ribs (68) projecting in a direction in the plane of the frame (61) and elongate in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame (61), the mold ( 17) being configured to form at least one cake (25), said ribs (68) forming grooves (81) in said cake (25) so as to render said cake (25) breakable into chipboard portions (33).
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel l'étape de pressage est précédée d'un remplissage du moule (17) par le haut du moule (17). 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressing step is preceded by a filling of the mold (17) by the top of the mold (17).
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel on obture le bas du moule ( 17) lors du pressage ( 102). 3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the bottom of the mold (17) is closed during pressing (102).
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'obturation comprend la formation d'une surface d'appui apte à supporter mécaniquement le pressage (102). 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the closure comprises the formation of a bearing surface adapted to mechanically support the pressing (102).
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant en outre une étape de démoulage (103), ledit démoulage (103) comprenant l'extraction du gâteau (25) par le bas du moule (17). 5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a demolding step (103), said demolding (103) comprising the extraction of the cake (25) from the bottom of the mold (17).
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le liant (3) est hydraulique et inorganique. 6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the binder (3) is hydraulic and inorganic.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel les parois intermédiaires (66) sont sensiblement parallèles entre elles et forment des gâteaux (25) de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique. 7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the intermediate walls (66) are substantially parallel to each other and form cakes (25) of substantially parallelepiped shape.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel un déplacement relatif de la tête de presse (19) par rapport au moule (17) est assuré par la descente (F3) de la tête de presse (19) au travers dudit moule (17) lors du pressage (102) puis par la montée (F5) dudit moule (17) au travers de la tête de presse (19) lors du démoulage (103). 8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a relative displacement of the press head (19) relative to the mold (17) is provided by the descent (F3) of the press head (19) to through said mold (17) during the pressing (102) and then by the rise (F5) of said mold (17) through the press head (19) during demolding (103).
9. Dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 comprenant : un moule (17) muni d'un cadre (61) et de parois intermédiaires (66) orientées sensiblement parallèlement à l'épaisseur du cadre (61) et équipées de nervures (68) en saillies dans une direction comprise dans le plan du cadre (61) et allongées dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction de l'épaisseur du cadre (61), et 9. Apparatus for implementing the method according to claim 1 comprising: a mold (17) provided with a frame (61) and intermediate walls (66) oriented substantially parallel to the thickness of the frame (61) and equipped with ribs (68) projecting in a direction in the plane of the frame (61) and elongate in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the thickness of the frame (61), and
une tête de presse (19) agencée complémentairement audit moule (17) pour permettre une interpénétration dudit moule (17) et de ladite tête de presse (19).  a press head (19) arranged complementarily to said mold (17) to allow interpenetration of said mold (17) and said press head (19).
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 dans lequel le haut du moule (17) est ouvert durant le remplissage par le mélange (1 1). 10. Device according to claim 9 wherein the top of the mold (17) is open during filling by the mixture (1 1).
1 1. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 et 10 comprenant en outre un convoyeur (29) apte à obturer le bas du moule (17) lors du pressage (102). 1 1. Device according to one of claims 9 and 10 further comprising a conveyor (29) adapted to close the bottom of the mold (17) during pressing (102).
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 1 , dans lequel le convoyeur (29) comprend une plaque d'appui (22) apte à supporter mécaniquement le pressage (102). 12. Device according to claim 1 1, wherein the conveyor (29) comprises a support plate (22) adapted to mechanically support the pressing (102).
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12 dans lequel le bas du moule (17) est ouvert lors du démoulage (103). 13. Device according to one of claims 9 to 12 wherein the bottom of the mold (17) is open during demolding (103).
14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, comprenant en outre une sortie apte à mettre en chute libre un gâteau (25) issus du démoulage (103), la fin de ladite chute étant apte à provoquer le bris du gâteau (25) en portions d'aggloméré (33). 14. Device according to one of claims 9 to 13, further comprising an outlet capable of free falling a cake (25) from the demolding (103), the end of said fall being able to cause breaking of the cake ( 25) in chipboard portions (33).
15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 14 dans lequel les parois intermédiaires (66) sont sensiblement parallèles entre elles et aptes à former des gâteaux (25) de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique. 15. Device according to one of claims 9 to 14 wherein the intermediate walls (66) are substantially parallel to each other and able to form cakes (25) of substantially parallelepiped shape.
16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 15, comprenant en outre une presse (21) apte à imposer un déplacement relatif de la tête de presse (19) par rapport au moule (17), apte à assurer la descente (F3) de la tête de presse (19) au travers dudit moule (17) immobile lors du pressage (102) puis à assurer la montée (F 5) dudit moule (17) au travers de la tête de presse (19) immobile lors du démoulage (103). 16. Device according to one of claims 9 to 15, further comprising a press (21) capable of imposing a relative displacement of the press head (19) relative to the mold (17), capable of ensuring the descent (F3 ) of the press head (19) through said mold (17) immobile during pressing (102) and then to ensure the rise (F 5) of said mold (17) through the stationary press head (19) during the demoulding (103).
17. Gâteau sécable obtenu par le procédé de la revendication 1 comprenant des rainures (81) dans au moins une de ses surfaces et agencées pour être des initiateurs de rupture dudit gâteau (25) en portions d'aggloméré (33). 17. The separable cake obtained by the method of claim 1 comprising grooves (81) in at least one of its surfaces and arranged to be initiators of rupture of said cake (25) chip portions (33).
18. Gâteau selon la revendication 17 prenant la forme de barrettes (25a) sécables en portions d'aggloméré (33) sensiblement semblables entre elles et sensiblement cubiques. 18. Cake according to claim 17 in the form of strips (25a) divisible into chipboard portions (33) substantially similar to each other and substantially cubic.
EP12712294.3A 2011-03-21 2012-03-19 Method and device for agglomerating a mixture including metal dust Withdrawn EP2689046A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1100836A FR2972947B1 (en) 2011-03-21 2011-03-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AGGLOMERATING A MIXTURE COMPRISING METAL DUST
PCT/FR2012/000097 WO2012127132A1 (en) 2011-03-21 2012-03-19 Method and device for agglomerating a mixture including metal dust

Publications (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9655171B2 (en) 2013-06-19 2017-05-16 Mahle International Gmbh Heater

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LU54422A1 (en) * 1967-09-05 1969-06-24
DE2514703C2 (en) * 1975-04-04 1977-03-10 Thyssen Purofer Gmbh PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SINGLE BRIQUETTES FROM DUCTILE MATERIAL
US4786451A (en) * 1984-02-09 1988-11-22 Doren, Inc. Method of manufacturing a metallurgical addition agent
KR101079064B1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2011-11-07 이용학 chip manufacturing method of combustable-wastes and its apparatus

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9655171B2 (en) 2013-06-19 2017-05-16 Mahle International Gmbh Heater

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FR2972947A1 (en) 2012-09-28
CA2830847A1 (en) 2012-09-27
WO2012127132A1 (en) 2012-09-27
FR2972947B1 (en) 2013-04-26

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