EP2686856B1 - On-load tap changer - Google Patents

On-load tap changer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2686856B1
EP2686856B1 EP12702545.0A EP12702545A EP2686856B1 EP 2686856 B1 EP2686856 B1 EP 2686856B1 EP 12702545 A EP12702545 A EP 12702545A EP 2686856 B1 EP2686856 B1 EP 2686856B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy store
abutment
load
drive shaft
load tap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP12702545.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2686856A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Albrecht
Klaus HÖPFL
Silke Wrede
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2686856A1 publication Critical patent/EP2686856A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/44—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using Geneva movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an on-load tap-changer with separate selector and diverter switch for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer under load.
  • the tap changer of the type mentioned above have a separate selector for powerless preselection of the winding tap to be switched to, as well as a diverter switch for actual switching from the previous to the preselected new winding tap. Since this change takes place suddenly, such on-load tap changers have a force store.
  • Such energy storage for a diverter switch is from the DE-PS 19 56 369 such as DE-PS 28 06 282 already known. It is tightened at the beginning of each actuation of the on-load tap-changer by its drive shaft, ie tensioned.
  • the known power storage essentially consists of an elevator carriage and a jump carriage, between which power storage springs are arranged as energy storage.
  • guide rods are provided on which elevator carriage and jump carriage are mounted independently movable longitudinally. At the same time, the guide rods form the guide for the energy storage springs.
  • the elevator carriage is moved linearly relative to the jump carriage by an eccentric connected to the drive shaft; As a result, the power storage springs between them are tensioned. If the elevator carriage has reached its new end position, a hitherto fixed locking of the jump carriage is released. This follows now abruptly, as standing under the force of the power storage springs, the previous linear movement of the elevator carriage also linearly after. This jump-like movement of the jump carriage is converted into a rotational movement of a drive shaft which in turn actuates the diverter switch. In this force accumulator, therefore, an alternating toggling between two positions is realized.
  • WO89 / 08924 is another energy storage, known there as a spring-loaded drive, known, the storage spring can be tensioned by a drive, the driven element is connected to a special coupling element, which is triggered independently of the direction of rotation of the drive in one direction only
  • the WO2006 / 00452 A1 concerns a further such arrangement in which the permanent main contacts of an on-load tap changer are always actuated in the same direction of rotation independently of the drive direction of the drive shaft by means of a special mechanical transmission.
  • a very similar arrangement is from the WO2007 / 067144 A1 known.
  • a device for transmitting a rotary motion in a diverter switch is described, wherein the rotational movement a drive shaft rotatable in both directions is converted into a rotational movement of a drive shaft which always rotates in the same direction.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a tap changer of the type mentioned with a force accumulator, which allows repeated switching in one direction and alternately a to and fro, depending on the respective direction of rotation of the drive shaft, the force storage device according to the invention should be simple on can dispense with complex mechanical means for motion reversal and can be operated directly through the - even with several successive circuits running - any direction of rotation of the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft in any direction of rotation can be operated, at the same time the energy storage device can also be pulled in any direction and later triggered.
  • the energy storage device is equally suitable in the invention in repeatedly in the same direction rotating drive shaft and in the alternating direction rotating drive shaft, without the need for complicated mechanical means - as in the prior art - to reverse the direction of rotation or unification.
  • FIG. 1 the drive of an on-load tap changer according to the invention is shown schematically He has a drive shaft 1, which is actuated by a drive, not shown here.
  • a gear 2 On the drive shaft 1 is a gear 2, which cooperates with a further gear 3, the bearing is not shown.
  • This stop 4 corresponds to a further stop 5a, which is arranged on an intermediate shaft 6, which is rotatably centered within the gear 3 and independently of this is located on the stop 5a, a bolt 5, which in turn is connected to an actuating rod 7 of a force accumulator 8; through him is a force storage spring 9 can be pulled up.
  • a further stop 10 is provided, which corresponds to a counter-stop 11 on a driven gear 12.
  • the output gear 12 is in turn rotatable independently of the previously mentioned components. It has a roller 13 which cooperates with a Maltese wheel 14, that can intervene in this.
  • the Maltese wheel 14 in turn is connected to an only indicated diverter switch drive 15, which in turn is the diverter switch 18, not shown here (see Fig. 6 to 8
  • the illustrated Maltese transmission is only one possible embodiment of a possible step transmission within the scope of the invention.
  • the on-load tap-changer has two separate freewheels: a first freewheel, consisting of stop 4 and corresponding stop 5a and a second freewheel, consisting of stop 10 and counter-stop 11.
  • FIG. 1 shows this on-load tap-changer at the beginning of the operation.
  • the drive shaft 1 begins to rotate, so that the gear 2 and the gear 3. Since the stopper 4 on the gear 3 is still running freely, the other components remain in the rest position.
  • FIG. 2 shows this on-load tap-changer with continued rotation of the drive shaft 1. Now the stopper 4 hits the stop 5a of the intermediate shaft 6, rotates it and at the same time pulls the energy accumulator 8, more precisely its energy storage spring 9 on.
  • FIG. 3 shows the on-load tap-changer according to the invention in another elevator of the energy accumulator 8.
  • the stop 10 now hits the counter-stop 11, the driven gear 12 begins to rotate.
  • FIG. 4 shows the position of the full elevator of the energy accumulator 8.
  • the bolt 5 and thus the operating rod 7 of the energy accumulator 8 have reached the dead center on the gear 3, with continued rotation, the force accumulator spring 9 is suddenly relaxed.
  • the stopper 10 meets at the lower part of the intermediate shaft 6 unchanged on the counter-stop 11 of the hitherto stationary output gear 12 and takes this on.
  • the role 13 is still running free.
  • FIG. 5 shows how in the sequence of the deflected energy storage 8, the driven gear 12 rotates quickly.
  • the roller 13 engages in the Geneva wheel 14 and rotates it.
  • the Lastumschalterantrieb 15 is rotated, in turn, the diverter switch 18, ie its contacts, jumped actuated at the same time, the drive shaft 1, however, still rotates by a certain angle.
  • the energy storage 8 does not trigger and thus the Geneva wheel 14 can not be operated by the triggered energy storage 8, as actually provided, yet the new end position of the diverter switch 18 is achieved forcibly.
  • FIG. 6 shows the schematic overall structure of an on-load tap changer according to the invention. It is shown that a first freewheel 16 is provided between gear 3 and power accumulator 8. This freewheel 16 consists of the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown stop 4 and the corresponding stop 5a. Furthermore, it is shown that the energy accumulator 8 acts on a further freewheel 17, from the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown stop 10 and the corresponding counter-stop 11 consists. About this freewheel 17 is a delayed intervention in the Maltese 14, by the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown role 13.
  • the diverter switch drive 15 for actuating the diverter switch 18 thus rotates in the same direction as the drive shaft. 1 Also shown is a diverter switch housing 19 enclosing the diverter switch 18 and including a selector 20 which is continuously actuated by the drive shaft 1 for loadless preselection of the new winding tap to be subsequently switched to.
  • FIG. 7 shows a switching sequence of an on-load tap changer according to the invention.
  • the sequence when switching from one winding tap n to an adjacent new winding tap n + 1 is shown.
  • the drive shaft 1 rotates continuously and after a certain angle of rotation begins to move the selector 20 from the previous to the new winding tap.
  • the diverter switch 18 is suddenly activated - this is done by the triggered energy storage.
  • the drive shaft 1 still continues to run by a certain amount before the switching process is completely completed. In a further switchover in the same direction, the depicted repeats itself.
  • the corresponding rotation angle course is shown. It can be seen that the drive shaft, which is continuously rotating, first actuates the selector 20. Only after this has reached its position, the diverter switch 18 is triggered
  • FIG. 8 shows a switching sequence in the opposite direction of rotation of the drive shaft, ie, from the tap n + 1 back to the tap n.
  • the corresponding directions of movement of the drive shaft 1 are in the FIGS. 7 and 8th each symbolized by an arrow
  • the invention allows in a simple manner that the separate diverter switch 18 is actuated both several times in succession in the same direction of rotation of the drive shaft 1 and, alternatively, when the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 1 in a simple manner.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Laststufenschalter mit getrenntem Wähler und Lastumschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen verschiedenen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators unter Last. Die Stufenschalter des eingangs genannten Typs besitzen einen separaten Wähler zur leistungslosen Vorwahl der Wicklungsanzapfung, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll, sowie einen Lastumschalter zur eigentlichen Umschaltung von der bisherigen auf die vorgewählte neue Wicklungsanzapfung. Da diese Umschaltung sprungartig erfolgt, besitzen derartige Laststufenschalter einen Kraftspeicher.The invention relates to an on-load tap-changer with separate selector and diverter switch for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer under load. The tap changer of the type mentioned above have a separate selector for powerless preselection of the winding tap to be switched to, as well as a diverter switch for actual switching from the previous to the preselected new winding tap. Since this change takes place suddenly, such on-load tap changers have a force store.

Ein solcher Kraftspeicher für einen Lastumschalter ist aus den DE-PS 19 56 369 sowie DE-PS 28 06 282 bereits bekannt. Er wird zu Beginn jeder Betätigung des Laststufenschalters von dessen Antriebswelle angezogen, d. h. gespannt. Der bekannte Kraftspeicher besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Aufzugsschlitten und einem Sprungschlitten, zwischen denen Kraftspeicherfedem als Energiespeicher angeordnet sind. Bei diesen bekannten Kraftspeichern sind Führungsstangen vorgesehen, auf denen Aufzugsschlitten als auch Sprungschlitten unabhängig voneinander längs beweglich gelagert sind. Gleichzeitig bilden die Führungsstangen die Führung für die Kraftspeicherfedem.Such energy storage for a diverter switch is from the DE-PS 19 56 369 such as DE-PS 28 06 282 already known. It is tightened at the beginning of each actuation of the on-load tap-changer by its drive shaft, ie tensioned. The known power storage essentially consists of an elevator carriage and a jump carriage, between which power storage springs are arranged as energy storage. In these known power stores guide rods are provided on which elevator carriage and jump carriage are mounted independently movable longitudinally. At the same time, the guide rods form the guide for the energy storage springs.

Der Aufzugsschlitten wird durch einen mit der Antriebswelle verbundenen Exzenter linear relativ zum Sprungschlitten hin bewegt; dadurch werden die dazwischen befindlichen Kraftspeicherfedem gespannt. Hat der Aufzugsschlitten seine neue Endposition erreicht, wird eine bis dahin fixierte Arretierung des Sprungschlittens gelöst. Dieser folgt nun sprungartig, da unter der Kraft der Kraftspeicherfedern stehend, der vorangegangenen linearen Bewegung des Aufzugsschlittens ebenfalls linear nach. Diese sprungartige Bewegung des Sprungschlittens wird in eine Drehbewegung einer Antriebswelle umgewandelt, die wiederum den Lastumschalter betätigt Bei diesem Kraftspeicher wird also ein abwechselndes Hin- und Herschalten zwischen zwei Positionen realisiert.The elevator carriage is moved linearly relative to the jump carriage by an eccentric connected to the drive shaft; As a result, the power storage springs between them are tensioned. If the elevator carriage has reached its new end position, a hitherto fixed locking of the jump carriage is released. This follows now abruptly, as standing under the force of the power storage springs, the previous linear movement of the elevator carriage also linearly after. This jump-like movement of the jump carriage is converted into a rotational movement of a drive shaft which in turn actuates the diverter switch. In this force accumulator, therefore, an alternating toggling between two positions is realized.

Aus der WO89/08924 ist ein weiterer Kraftspeicher, dort als Federsprungantrieb bezeichnet, bekannt, dessen Speicherfeder von einem Antrieb spannbar ist Dabei wird das angetriebene Element mit einem speziellen Koppelelement verbunden, das unabhängig von der Drehrichtung des Antriebes nur in einer Richtung auslösbar istFrom the WO89 / 08924 is another energy storage, known there as a spring-loaded drive, known, the storage spring can be tensioned by a drive, the driven element is connected to a special coupling element, which is triggered independently of the direction of rotation of the drive in one direction only

Die WO2006/00452 A1 betrifft eine weitere derartige Anordnung, bei der durch ein besonderes mechanisches Getriebe die Dauerhauptkontakte eines Laststufenschalters unabhängig von der Antriebsrichtung der Antriebswelle stets in derselben Drehrichtung betätigt werden.The WO2006 / 00452 A1 concerns a further such arrangement in which the permanent main contacts of an on-load tap changer are always actuated in the same direction of rotation independently of the drive direction of the drive shaft by means of a special mechanical transmission.

Eine ganz ähnliche Anordnung ist aus der WO2007/067144 A1 bekannt. Dort ist eine Vorrichtung zur Übertragung einer Drehbewegung in einem Lastumschalter beschrieben, wobei die Drehbewegung einer in beide Richtungen drehbaren Antriebswelle in eine Drehbewegung einer sich stets in derselben Richtung drehenden Antriebswelle umgewandelt wird.A very similar arrangement is from the WO2007 / 067144 A1 known. There, a device for transmitting a rotary motion in a diverter switch is described, wherein the rotational movement a drive shaft rotatable in both directions is converted into a rotational movement of a drive shaft which always rotates in the same direction.

DE 2 339 973 A1 offenbart einen Laststufenschalter vom Lastwählertyp mit Freiläufen und zwei Malteserrad-Mechanismen. Eine Feder als Kraftspeicher betätigt ausschließlich ein erstes Malteserrad. Ein anderes Malteserrad wirkt bei der Auslösung eines Lastumschalters mit US 3,572,143 A und GB 798 740 A offenbaren weitere Laststufenschalter. DE 2 339 973 A1 discloses a load tap selector with freewheels and two Geneva wheel mechanisms. A spring as an energy store operated exclusively a first Geneva wheel. Another Maltese wheel is involved in triggering a diverter switch US 3,572,143 A and GB 798 740 A reveal further on-load tap-changers.

Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Kraftspeicher für einen Laststufenschalter der eingangs genannten Art gestatten also entweder ein Hin- und Herschalten bei nacheinander ablaufenden Schaltungen oder ein Weiterschalten stets in derselben Richtung.The known from the prior art power storage for an on-load tap-changer of the type mentioned so allow either a back and forth in successive circuits running or switching on always in the same direction.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Stufenschalter der eingangs genannten Art mit einem Kraftspeicher anzugeben, der ein mehrmaliges Schalten in einer Richtung und alternativ ein Hin- und Herschalten, abhängig von der jeweiligen Drehrichtung der Antriebswelle, ermöglicht Der erfindungsgemäße Kraftspeicher soll einfach aufgebaut sein, auf aufwändige mechanische Mittel zur Bewegungsumlenkung verzichten können und direkt durch die - auch bei mehreren nacheinander ablaufenden Schaltungen - beliebige Drehrichtung der Antriebswelle betätigt werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a tap changer of the type mentioned with a force accumulator, which allows repeated switching in one direction and alternately a to and fro, depending on the respective direction of rotation of the drive shaft, the force storage device according to the invention should be simple on can dispense with complex mechanical means for motion reversal and can be operated directly through the - even with several successive circuits running - any direction of rotation of the drive shaft.

Zwar ist aus der WO2007/095978 A1 bereits ein Kraftspeicher bekannt, der direkt von einer sich in beliebigen Richtungen drehenden Antriebswelle gespannt werden kann und nach Auslösung dieser Drehbewegung folgt. Dieser bekannte Kraftspeicher ist jedoch lediglich geeignet für einen Laststufenschalter des Lastwählertyps, bei dem Vorwahl der Wicklungsanzapfung und eigentliche Lastumschaltung baulich vereinigt sind. Er ist nicht geeignet für einen Laststufenschalter der eingangs genannten Art mit getrenntem Wähler und Lastumschalter. Dies insbesondere deswegen nicht, weil sich bei dem bekannten Kraftspeicher ein fester Auslösewinkel ergibt, der dem Abstand zwischen benachbarten - jeweils beschaltbaren - Lastwählerkontakten im Ölgefäß entsprichtAlthough is out of the WO2007 / 095978 A1 already known a power storage, which can be stretched directly from a rotating in any direction drive shaft and follows after triggering this rotational movement. However, this known power storage is only suitable for an on-load tap changer of the load selector type, are structurally combined in the preselection of the winding tap and actual load switching. He is not suitable for an on-load tap-changer of the type mentioned above with separate selector and diverter switch. This particular not because in the known power storage results in a fixed trigger angle, which corresponds to the distance between adjacent - each connectable - Lastwählerkontakten in the oil vessel

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch einen Laststufenschalter mit einem Kraftspeicher gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst Die Unteransprüche betreffen besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The object of the invention is achieved by an on-load tap changer having a force accumulator according to claim 1. The subclaims relate to particularly advantageous developments of the invention.

Besonders vorteilhaft bei der Erfindung ist dass die Antriebswelle in beliebiger Drehrichtung, abhängig davon, ob eine Schaltung in Richtung "höher" oder "tiefer" erfolgen soll, betätigt werden kann, wobei gleichzeitig der Kraftspeicher ebenfalls in beliebiger Richtung aufziehbar und später auslösbar ist. Mit anderen Worten: Der Kraftspeicher ist bei der Erfindung gleichermaßen bei sich wiederholt in derselben Richtung drehender Antriebswelle als auch sich in alternierender Richtung drehende Antriebswelle geeignet, ohne dass es komplizierter mechanischer Mittel - wie beim Stand der Technik - zur Drehrichtungsumkehr bzw. -vereinheitlichung bedarf.It is particularly advantageous in the invention that the drive shaft in any direction of rotation, depending on whether a circuit in the direction of "higher" or "lower" to take place, can be operated, at the same time the energy storage device can also be pulled in any direction and later triggered. In other words, the energy storage device is equally suitable in the invention in repeatedly in the same direction rotating drive shaft and in the alternating direction rotating drive shaft, without the need for complicated mechanical means - as in the prior art - to reverse the direction of rotation or unification.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an Hand von Zeichnungen beispielhaft näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalter, genauer gesagt dessen Antrieb ohne Lastumschalterkontakte und Wähler in schematischer Darstellung in Ruheposition
Figur 2
diesen Laststufenschalter nach Beginn der Betätigung
Figur 3
diesen Laststufenschalter bei fortgesetzter Betätigung, d. h. Aufzug des Kraftspeichers
Figur 4
diesen Laststufenschalter bei vollständig gespanntem Kraftspeicher zum Zeitpunkt von dessen Auslösung
Figur 5
diesen Laststufenschalter nach der Auslösung des Kraftspeichers und damit Betätigung der nicht dargestellten Lastumschalterkontakte
Figur 6
einen erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalter in schematischer, kompletter Darstellung
Figur 7
die Betätigungssequenz eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters sowie das dazugehörige Weg-Zeit-Diagramm bei einer vollständigen Lastumschaltung von n nach n+1
Figur 8
die Betätigungssequenz eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters bei einer anschließenden Lastumschaltung von n+1 zurück nach n in Pfeilrichtung.
The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
an on-load tap-changer according to the invention, more precisely its drive without diverter switch contacts and selector in a schematic representation in the rest position
FIG. 2
this on-load tap-changer after starting the actuation
FIG. 3
this on-load tap-changer with continued operation, ie elevator of the energy accumulator
FIG. 4
this on-load tap-changer with completely tensioned energy storage at the time of its release
FIG. 5
this on-load tap after the release of the energy storage and thus actuation of the load changeover contacts, not shown
FIG. 6
an on-load tap-changer according to the invention in a schematic, complete representation
FIG. 7
the sequence of operation of an on-load tap changer according to the invention and the associated path-time diagram with a complete load switching from n to n + 1
FIG. 8
the actuation sequence of an on-load tap changer according to the invention in a subsequent load switching from n + 1 back to n in the arrow direction.

In Figur 1 ist der Antrieb eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters schematisch gezeigt Er besitzt eine Antriebswelle 1, die von einem hier nicht dargestellten Antrieb betätigt wird. Auf der Antriebswelle 1 befindet sich ein Zahnrad 2, das mit einem weiteren Zahnrad 3, dessen Lagerung nicht dargestellt ist, zusammenwirkt. Auf dem Zahnrad 3 befindet sich ein Anschlag 4. Dieser Anschlag 4 korrespondiert mit einem weiteren Anschlag 5a, der auf einer Zwischenwelle 6 angeordnet ist, die sich zentrisch innerhalb des Zahnrades 3 und unabhängig von dieser drehbar befindet Am Anschlag 5a ist ein Bolzen 5 angeordnet, der wiederum mit einer Betätigungsstange 7 eines Kraftspeichers 8 verbunden ist; durch ihn ist eine Kraftspeicherfeder 9 aufziehbar. Im unteren Bereich der Zwischenwelle 6 ist ein weiterer Anschlag 10 vorgesehen, der mit einem Gegenanschlag 11 auf einem Abtriebsrad 12 korrespondiert. Das Abtriebsrad 12 ist wiederum unabhängig von den bisher genannten Bauteilen drehbar. Es weist eine Rolle 13 auf, die mit einem Malteserrad 14 zusammenwirkt, d. h. in dieses eingreifen kann. Das Malteserrad 14 wiederum ist mit einem nur angedeuteten Lastumschalterantrieb 15 verbunden, der seinerseits den hier nicht dargestellten Lastumschalter 18 (siehe Fig. 6 bis 8) betätigt Das dargestellte Maltesergetriebe ist nur eine mögliche Ausführungsform eines möglichen Schrittgetriebes im Rahmen der Erfindung.In FIG. 1 the drive of an on-load tap changer according to the invention is shown schematically He has a drive shaft 1, which is actuated by a drive, not shown here. On the drive shaft 1 is a gear 2, which cooperates with a further gear 3, the bearing is not shown. On the gear 3 there is a stop 4. This stop 4 corresponds to a further stop 5a, which is arranged on an intermediate shaft 6, which is rotatably centered within the gear 3 and independently of this is located on the stop 5a, a bolt 5, which in turn is connected to an actuating rod 7 of a force accumulator 8; through him is a force storage spring 9 can be pulled up. In the lower region of the intermediate shaft 6, a further stop 10 is provided, which corresponds to a counter-stop 11 on a driven gear 12. The output gear 12 is in turn rotatable independently of the previously mentioned components. It has a roller 13 which cooperates with a Maltese wheel 14, that can intervene in this. The Maltese wheel 14 in turn is connected to an only indicated diverter switch drive 15, which in turn is the diverter switch 18, not shown here (see Fig. 6 to 8 The illustrated Maltese transmission is only one possible embodiment of a possible step transmission within the scope of the invention.

Der erfindungsgemäße Laststufenschalter weist also zwei separate Freiläufe auf: Einen ersten Freilauf, bestehend aus Anschlag 4 und korrespondierendem Anschlag 5a sowie einen zweiten Freilauf, bestehend aus Anschlag 10 und Gegenanschlag 11.Thus, the on-load tap-changer according to the invention has two separate freewheels: a first freewheel, consisting of stop 4 and corresponding stop 5a and a second freewheel, consisting of stop 10 and counter-stop 11.

Figur 1 zeigt diesen Laststufenschalter zu Beginn der Betätigung. Die Antriebswelle 1 beginnt sich zu drehen, damit auch das Zahnrad 2 und das Zahnrad 3. Da der Anschlag 4 auf dem Zahnrad 3 noch frei läuft, bleiben die anderen Bauteile noch in Ruheposition. FIG. 1 shows this on-load tap-changer at the beginning of the operation. The drive shaft 1 begins to rotate, so that the gear 2 and the gear 3. Since the stopper 4 on the gear 3 is still running freely, the other components remain in the rest position.

Figur 2 zeigt diesen Laststufenschalter bei fortgesetzter Drehung der Antriebswelle 1. Jetzt trifft der Anschlag 4 auf den Anschlag 5a der Zwischenwelle 6, dreht diese und zieht gleichzeitig den Kraftspeicher 8, genauer gesagt dessen Kraftspeicherfeder 9, auf. FIG. 2 shows this on-load tap-changer with continued rotation of the drive shaft 1. Now the stopper 4 hits the stop 5a of the intermediate shaft 6, rotates it and at the same time pulls the energy accumulator 8, more precisely its energy storage spring 9 on.

Figur 3 zeigt den erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalter beim weiteren Aufzug des Kraftspeichers 8. Der Anschlag 10 trifft jetzt auf den Gegenanschlag 11, das Abtriebsrad 12 beginnt sich zu drehen. FIG. 3 shows the on-load tap-changer according to the invention in another elevator of the energy accumulator 8. The stop 10 now hits the counter-stop 11, the driven gear 12 begins to rotate.

Figur 4 zeigt die Position beim vollständigen Aufzug des Kraftspeichers 8. Der Bolzen 5 und damit die Betätigungsstange 7 des Kraftspeichers 8 haben den Totpunkt auf dem Zahnrad 3 erreicht, bei fortgesetzter Drehung wird die Kraftspeicherfeder 9 sprungartig entspannt. In dieser Position trifft der Anschlag 10 am unteren Teil der Zwischenwelle 6 unverändert auf den Gegenanschlag 11 des bis dahin stillstehenden Abtriebsrades 12 ein und nimmt dieses weiter mit. Die Rolle 13 läuft dabei noch frei. FIG. 4 shows the position of the full elevator of the energy accumulator 8. The bolt 5 and thus the operating rod 7 of the energy accumulator 8 have reached the dead center on the gear 3, with continued rotation, the force accumulator spring 9 is suddenly relaxed. In this position, the stopper 10 meets at the lower part of the intermediate shaft 6 unchanged on the counter-stop 11 of the hitherto stationary output gear 12 and takes this on. The role 13 is still running free.

Figur 5 zeigt, wie in der Folge der ausgelenkte Kraftspeicher 8 das Abtriebsrad 12 schnell dreht. Durch die Drehung des Abtriebsrades 12 greift die Rolle 13 in das Malteserrad 14 ein und dreht dieses. Damit wird auch der Lastumschalterantrieb 15 gedreht, der seinerseits den Lastumschalter 18, d. h. dessen Kontakte, sprungartig betätigt Gleichzeitig dreht sich die Antriebswelle 1 jedoch noch um einen bestimmten Winkel weiter. Sollte aus irgendwelchen Gründen, etwa durch Bruch der Kraftspeicherfeder 9, der Kraftspeicher 8 nicht auslösen und damit das Malteserrad 14 durch den ausgelösten Kraftspeicher 8 nicht betätigt werden können, wie eigentlich vorgesehen, wird dennoch die neue Endposition des Lastumschalters 18 zwangsweise erreicht. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass die sich noch weiter drehende Antriebswelle 1 über die Zahnräder 2 und 3, die Zwischenwelle 6 und das Abtriebsrad 12 die Rolle 13 ihrerseits in das Malteserrad 14 führt. Dies geschieht allerdings - im Gegensatz zur üblichen schnellen Betätigung durch den ausgelösten Kraftspeicher 8 - jetzt langsam und kontinuierlich. Auf alle Fälle ist bei der Erfindung sichergestellt, dass der Lastumschalter 18 seine neue Position zwangsweise zuverlässig erreicht, auch im erläuterten Fehlerfall, und nicht in einem undefinierten Zwischenzustand verharren kann. FIG. 5 shows how in the sequence of the deflected energy storage 8, the driven gear 12 rotates quickly. By the rotation of the output gear 12, the roller 13 engages in the Geneva wheel 14 and rotates it. Thus, the Lastumschalterantrieb 15 is rotated, in turn, the diverter switch 18, ie its contacts, jumped actuated at the same time, the drive shaft 1, however, still rotates by a certain angle. Should for some reasons, such as breakage of the energy storage spring 9, the energy storage 8 does not trigger and thus the Geneva wheel 14 can not be operated by the triggered energy storage 8, as actually provided, yet the new end position of the diverter switch 18 is achieved forcibly. This happens because the further rotating drive shaft 1 via the gears 2 and 3, the intermediate shaft 6 and the output gear 12, the roller 13 in turn leads into the Geneva wheel 14. However, this happens - in contrast to the usual fast operation by the triggered energy storage 8 - now slowly and continuously. In any case, it is ensured in the invention that the diverter switch 18 reaches its new position forcibly reliably, even in the explained error case, and can not remain in an undefined intermediate state.

Figur 6 zeigt den schematischen Gesamtaufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters. Es ist dargestellt, dass zwischen Zahnrad 3 und Kraftspeicher 8 ein erster Freilauf 16 vorgesehen ist. Dieser Freilauf 16 besteht aus dem in den Figuren 1 bis 5 gezeigten Anschlag 4 und dem korrespondierenden Anschlag 5a.
Weiterhin ist dargestellt, dass der Kraftspeicher 8 auf einen weiteren Freilauf 17 wirkt, der aus dem in den Figuren 1 bis 5 gezeigten Anschlag 10 und dem korrespondieren Gegenanschlag 11 besteht. Über diesen Freilauf 17 erfolgt ein verzögerter Eingriff in den Malteser 14, und zwar durch die in den Figuren 1 bis 5 gezeigte Rolle 13. Der Lastumschalterantrieb 15 zur Betätigung des Lastumschalters 18 dreht sich damit in der gleichen Richtung wie die Antriebswelle 1.
Weiterhin gezeigt ist ein den Lastumschalter 18 umschließendes Lastumschaltergehäuse 19 und darunter ein Wähler 20, der kontinuierlich von der Antriebswelle 1 zur lastlosen Vorwahl der neuen Wicklungsanzapfung, auf die nachfolgend umgeschaltet werden soll, betätigt wird. FIG. 6 shows the schematic overall structure of an on-load tap changer according to the invention. It is shown that a first freewheel 16 is provided between gear 3 and power accumulator 8. This freewheel 16 consists of the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown stop 4 and the corresponding stop 5a.
Furthermore, it is shown that the energy accumulator 8 acts on a further freewheel 17, from the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown stop 10 and the corresponding counter-stop 11 consists. About this freewheel 17 is a delayed intervention in the Maltese 14, by the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown role 13. The diverter switch drive 15 for actuating the diverter switch 18 thus rotates in the same direction as the drive shaft. 1
Also shown is a diverter switch housing 19 enclosing the diverter switch 18 and including a selector 20 which is continuously actuated by the drive shaft 1 for loadless preselection of the new winding tap to be subsequently switched to.

Figur 7 zeigt einen Schaltablauf eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters. Im oberen Teil ist die Sequenz bei einer Umschaltung von einer Wicklungsanzapfung n auf eine benachbarte neue Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 gezeigt. Es ist zu sehen, dass zu Beginn eines Umschaltvorganges die Antriebswelle 1 sich kontinuierlich dreht und nach einem bestimmten Drehwinkel beginnt, den Wähler 20 von der bisherigen auf die neue Wicklungsanzapfung zu bewegen. Nachdem dieser Vorgang abgeschlossen ist und der Wähler 20 seine neue Position erreicht hat, wird der Lastumschalter 18 sprungartig betätigt - dies erfolgt durch den ausgelösten Kraftspeicher. Schließlich läuft, wie weiter oben bereits erläutert, die Antriebswelle 1 noch um einen bestimmten Betrag weiter, bevor der Umschaltvorgang komplett abgeschlossen ist. Bei einer weiteren Umschaltung in derselben Richtung wiederholt sich das Dargestellte. Im unteren Teil der Figur 7 ist der entsprechende Drehwinkelverlauf gezeigt. Es ist zu sehen, dass die Antriebswelle, die sich kontinuierlich dreht, zunächst den Wähler 20 betätigt. Erst nachdem dieser seine Position erreicht hat, wird der Lastumschalter 18 ausgelöst FIG. 7 shows a switching sequence of an on-load tap changer according to the invention. In the upper part, the sequence when switching from one winding tap n to an adjacent new winding tap n + 1 is shown. It can be seen that at the beginning of a switching operation, the drive shaft 1 rotates continuously and after a certain angle of rotation begins to move the selector 20 from the previous to the new winding tap. After this process is completed and the selector 20 has reached its new position, the diverter switch 18 is suddenly activated - this is done by the triggered energy storage. Finally, as already explained above, the drive shaft 1 still continues to run by a certain amount before the switching process is completely completed. In a further switchover in the same direction, the depicted repeats itself. In the lower part of the FIG. 7 the corresponding rotation angle course is shown. It can be seen that the drive shaft, which is continuously rotating, first actuates the selector 20. Only after this has reached its position, the diverter switch 18 is triggered

Figur 8 zeigt einen Schaltablauf in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung der Antriebswelle, d. h. von der Anzapfung n+1 zurück auf die Anzapfung n. Die entsprechenden Bewegungsrichtungen der Antriebswelle 1 sind in den Figuren 7 und 8 jeweils durch einen Pfeil symbolisiert FIG. 8 shows a switching sequence in the opposite direction of rotation of the drive shaft, ie, from the tap n + 1 back to the tap n. The corresponding directions of movement of the drive shaft 1 are in the FIGS. 7 and 8th each symbolized by an arrow

Insgesamt gestattet es die Erfindung auf einfache Weise, dass der separate Lastumschalter 18 sowohl mehrere Male hintereinander in der gleichen Drehrichtung der Antriebswelle 1 als auch alternativ bei Drehrichtungsumkehr der Antriebswelle 1 auf einfache Weise betätigt wird.Overall, the invention allows in a simple manner that the separate diverter switch 18 is actuated both several times in succession in the same direction of rotation of the drive shaft 1 and, alternatively, when the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 1 in a simple manner.

Claims (4)

  1. On-load tap changer for uninterrupted changeover between winding taps of a tapped transformer,
    comprising a separate selector for power-free preselection of the winding tap which is to be switched over to,
    further comprising a separate load changeover switch for the actual load changeover from the previous to the preselected new winding tap and
    further comprising an energy store with at least one energy store spring which for each load changeover is initially stressed by a rotating drive shaft and after triggering thereof abruptly actuates the load changeover switch,
    characterised in that
    the drive shaft (1) is operatively connected with a gearwheel (3) by which the energy store (8) can be stressed,
    a first mechanical freewheel (16) is provided between the gearwheel (3) and energy store (8) in such a manner that the energy store (8) can be stressed with a delay in time and the at least one triggered energy store spring (9) of the energy store (8) acts on a further mechanical freewheel (17), which in turn engages in a step transmission, particularly a Geneva gear (13, 14), for actuation of the load changeover switch (18), in such a manner that the load changeover switch (18) is in turn actuable with a delay in time.
  2. On-load tap changer according to claim 1, characterised in that arranged on the gearwheel (3) is an abutment (4) which so co-operates with a further abutment (5a) on an intermediate shaft (6) rotatable independently of the drive shaft (1) that the abutment (4) and further abutment (5a) form the first mechanical freewheel (16), that the triggered energy store spring (9) acts on the intermediate shaft (6), that in addition arranged on the intermediate shaft (6) is a further abutment (10) which so co-operates with a counter-abutment (11) on an independently rotatable drive output wheel (12) that the further abutment (10) and counter-abutment (11) form the second mechanical freewheel (17) and that the drive output wheel (12) actuates the load changeover switch (18) by way of the step transmission.
  3. On-load tap changer according to claim 2, characterised in that the drive output wheel (12) comprises a roller (13) which so engages in a Geneva wheel (14) that the roller (13) and Geneva wheel (14) form the step transmission.
  4. On-load tap changer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the at least one energy store spring (9) is fixed at one end and its other, free end is mechanically connected with the abutment (5a) at the intermediate shaft (6), and the at least one energy store spring (9) can be stressed when the intermediate shaft rotates.
EP12702545.0A 2011-03-12 2012-02-06 On-load tap changer Active EP2686856B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011013749.1A DE102011013749B4 (en) 2011-03-12 2011-03-12 OLTC
PCT/EP2012/051963 WO2012123187A1 (en) 2011-03-12 2012-02-06 On-load tap changer

Publications (2)

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EP2686856A1 EP2686856A1 (en) 2014-01-22
EP2686856B1 true EP2686856B1 (en) 2015-04-08

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EP12702545.0A Active EP2686856B1 (en) 2011-03-12 2012-02-06 On-load tap changer

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US (1) US9251971B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2686856B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103430267B (en)
DE (1) DE102011013749B4 (en)
HK (1) HK1189421A1 (en)
UA (1) UA110959C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012123187A1 (en)

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DE202010017767U1 (en) * 2010-04-15 2012-08-09 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stepping gear for on-load tap-changer of step transformers
DE102014224405A1 (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device comprising a transmission assembly
DE102015103928B4 (en) * 2015-03-17 2021-11-04 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Energy storage for an on-load tap-changer and on-load tap-changer with energy storage
DE102018102835B4 (en) * 2018-02-08 2023-03-16 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Switching element for step switch and step switch
CN108747440A (en) * 2018-08-31 2018-11-06 无锡金戈数控设备有限公司 Multifunctional numerical control machining center
CN109449018B (en) * 2018-12-23 2023-11-07 辽宁金立电力电器有限公司 On-load tap-changer
EP3761333B1 (en) * 2019-07-01 2023-08-30 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Drive arrangement for a tap changer
DE102019130457B3 (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-02-04 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap-changer
DE102019130460A1 (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap-changer
CN112652498A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-04-13 保定和易法电气科技有限公司 Device acting on state change-over switch of high-voltage switch cabinet
EP3989251B1 (en) * 2020-10-21 2023-06-28 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Switching system for an on-load tap changer, on-load tap changer and method for switching a tap connection of an on-load tap changer
CN113113245B (en) * 2021-03-01 2023-12-12 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Split type on-load tap-changer
WO2022183670A1 (en) * 2021-03-01 2022-09-09 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Full-range advancing device for on-load tap changer accumulator, accumulator, and on-load tap changer
CN113113244B (en) * 2021-03-01 2023-11-10 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Series accumulator for on-load tap-changer and on-load tap-changer

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DE102011013749A1 (en) 2012-09-13
CN103430267A (en) 2013-12-04
US20130341166A1 (en) 2013-12-26
HK1189421A1 (en) 2014-06-06
WO2012123187A1 (en) 2012-09-20
UA110959C2 (en) 2016-03-10
DE102011013749B4 (en) 2015-03-19
CN103430267B (en) 2016-03-23
US9251971B2 (en) 2016-02-02
EP2686856A1 (en) 2014-01-22

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