EP2685090A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de turbine éolienne et structure de turbine éolienne - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de turbine éolienne et structure de turbine éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2685090A1
EP2685090A1 EP12175650.6A EP12175650A EP2685090A1 EP 2685090 A1 EP2685090 A1 EP 2685090A1 EP 12175650 A EP12175650 A EP 12175650A EP 2685090 A1 EP2685090 A1 EP 2685090A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
wind turbine
turbine structure
friction
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12175650.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2685090B1 (fr
Inventor
Jason Stege
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP12175650.6A priority Critical patent/EP2685090B1/fr
Priority to DK12175650.6T priority patent/DK2685090T3/en
Publication of EP2685090A1 publication Critical patent/EP2685090A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2685090B1 publication Critical patent/EP2685090B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05B2230/239—Inertia or friction welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • F05B2240/9121—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower on a lattice tower
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/10—Inorganic materials, e.g. metals
    • F05B2280/1011—Cast iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/10—Inorganic materials, e.g. metals
    • F05B2280/107—Alloys
    • F05B2280/1071—Steel alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a wind turbine structure, in particular a jacket substructure, and to a wind turbine structure, in particular a jacket substructure.
  • Jacket substructures are used for the installation of offshore wind turbines in water depths generally between 20 and 50 m. Such a jacket substructure connects a base of the wind turbine to the seafloor. The jacket substructure may in turn be connected to a number of piles, for example concrete piles, driven into the seafloor.
  • Known jacket substructures comprise cast iron nodes connecting steel pipes extending at different angles to one another.
  • the steel pipes are connected to the cast iron nodes using bolts.
  • One objective of the present invention is to provide an improved method of manufacturing, the wind turbine structure, which allows using low-cost materials and, at the same time, is low in labor cost.
  • a method for manufacturing a wind turbine structure in particular a jacket substructure, is provided.
  • the method comprises connecting a first and a second component to each other by friction welding.
  • vibration welding refers to a solid state welding process that generates heat through mechanical friction between a moving and a stationary component, with the addition of a lateral force to plastically displace and fuse the components.
  • Friction welding has a number of benefits when applied to wind turbine structures or jacket substructures, in particular. First, it is a fast process. Further, the heat-affected zones are small. Also, friction welding is generally melt-free, which avoids grain growth. Another major advantage of friction welding is that it allows joining dissimilar materials. This means that the first and a second component may be designed from different low-cost materials, which at the same time satisfy specific requirements (for example specific loading conditions) of the first and second component. Thus, a cost-effective solution is obtained. And, as opposed to bolting as explained in the introductory section, little manual labor is involved in a friction welding process. Thus, the solution also reduces labor cost.
  • the first component comprises cast iron and/or the second component comprises steel.
  • Casting is a process that allows manufacturing complex geometries at low cost - as opposed to machining such components for example.
  • a first component formed as a node may be manufactured at low cost.
  • steel is a cheap material for manufacturing components that may be formed by extrusion such as pipes, for example.
  • cast iron and steel components may be connected reliably by friction welding.
  • the first component is a node
  • the second component is a pipe.
  • the node is configured to have two or more pipes connected thereto.
  • the pipes may extend at different angles from the node.
  • a number of nodes and pipes may be connected to one another by friction welding to form the wind turbine structure, in particular the jacket substructure.
  • the node and the pipe are connected at their respective end faces.
  • the lateral force applied during friction welding is applied in a direction perpendicular to the respective end faces.
  • the end faces each have a ring shape.
  • the rings may be of a circular nature.
  • the first and second component are pressed into each other during friction welding, whereby a recess is formed in the first component receiving the second component.
  • Pressing corresponds to the lateral force applied during friction welding as mentioned above.
  • the recess can absorb bending moments, while the friction weld is substantially not loaded.
  • the recess ensures that still some forces and/or moments may be transferred from the first component to the second component, thus preventing the wind turbine structure from collapsing.
  • the first component has a flange and the second component is pressed into the flange.
  • the recess may be formed easily.
  • the flange may enclose the second component at its entire perimeter.
  • the recess may also be formed in the second component, the recess receiving the first component.
  • the first component is friction welded in cast condition. This means that the first component is not machined prior to friction welding. This saves another manufacturing step and therefore manufacturing cost.
  • the friction welding is configured as rotational friction or angular friction welding.
  • “Rotational friction welding” means that the one component is spun at high speed relative to the other component. That is, the one component performs a number of revolutions.
  • angular friction welding the one component is rotated only a couple of degrees, i.e. less than 360°, with respect to the other component which is stationary.
  • a wind turbine structure in particular a jacket substructure, comprising a first and a second component connected to each other by a friction weld, is provided.
  • the first component comprises cast iron and/or the second component comprises steel.
  • the first component may entirely or only in parts consist of cast iron.
  • the second component may entirely or only in parts consist of steel.
  • the first component is a node and/or the second component is a pipe.
  • the first and second component are connected at their respective end faces to each other.
  • the first component comprises a recess in which the second component is received.
  • the first component is connected to the second component inside the recess by the friction weld.
  • the friction weld is protected inside the recess from outside influences, for example mechanical or chemical influences. This may increase the lifetime of the wind turbine structure.
  • a wind turbine presently refers to an apparatus converting the wind's kinetic energy into rotational energy, which may again be converted to electrical energy by the apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 shows a wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment.
  • the wind turbine 1 comprises a rotor 2 connected to a generator (not shown) arranged inside a nacelle 3.
  • the nacelle 3 is arranged at the upper end of a tower 4 of the wind turbine 1.
  • the tower 4 has a base 5 at its lower end connected to a jacket substructure 6.
  • the jacket substructure 6 connects the base 5 to the seafloor 7.
  • a number of piles (not shown) may have been driven into the seafloor 7.
  • the jacket substructure 6 may be connected at its bottom to the piles.
  • the jacket substructure 6 will be fully immersed in sea water 11 with the tower 4 holding the rotor 2 above the surface of the sea.
  • the jacket substructure 6 may comprise a number of nodes 12 connecting a number of pipes 13 to one another. Typically, the nodes 12 and the pipes 13 form triangles with one another which make up the jacket substructure 6.
  • the jacket substructure 6 is preferably manufactured on land. However, it is also possible to manufacture the jacket substructure 6 on a vessel, for example close to the installation site of the wind turbine 1.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a step in manufacturing the jacket substructure 6.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates how two components, a first component formed as a node 12 and a second component formed as a steel pipe 13, are connected to each other.
  • the node 12 has a number of end faces 14, 14' facing in different directions. Each end face 14, 14' is configured to connect a steel pipe 13 at a respective end face 15 thereto.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates how a pipe 13 is connected at its end face 15 to the end face 14 of the node 12.
  • the pipe 13 and the node 12 are rotated with respect to each other.
  • the pipe 13 may be rotated about its center axis 16. This rotation may be a small rotation about an angle smaller than 360°, for example 100°, or the pipe 13 may be spun at a high speed around the center axis 16.
  • the node 12 and the pipe 13 may each be clamped by clamping means 17, 18, for example clamping brackets. While rotating, the pipe 13 is pushed with its end face 15 against the end face 14 of the node 12 by a force 21 acting along the center axis 16, for example.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a cross-section of the pipe 13 and the node 12 after friction welding.
  • the corresponding friction weld is indicated by the reference numeral 22.
  • the node 12 may be manufactured from cast iron and is friction welded to the pipe 13 in its cast condition.
  • the pipe 13 is preferably made of steel.
  • At least the end faces 14, 15 are comprised of cast iron and steel, respectively.
  • the end faces 14, 15 are each ring-shaped and of a circular nature.
  • the pipe 13 has a circular cross-section.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate a method for manufacturing the jacket substructure 6 according to a further embodiment.
  • the node 12 has a flange 23 at its one end forming the end face 14. Also, the flange 23 has a larger diameter 24 than the pipe 13. The pipe's diameter (which also corresponds to the outer diameter of the end face 15) is indicated at 25.
  • the pipe 13 is pressed by the force 21 into the flange 23. This results in a step-shaped recess 26 (see Fig. 5 ) being formed in the flange 23.
  • the recess 26 receives the pipe 13 at its end.
  • the friction weld 22 connecting the end faces 14, 15 lies within the recess 26 and is therefore not accessible from the outside 27. Even without the friction weld 22 or, when the friction weld 22 has failed, the recess 26 with the end of the pipe 13 arranged therein ensures that some forces or bending moments can be transferred between the pipe 13 and the node 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
EP12175650.6A 2012-07-10 2012-07-10 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de turbine éolienne et structure de turbine éolienne Not-in-force EP2685090B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12175650.6A EP2685090B1 (fr) 2012-07-10 2012-07-10 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de turbine éolienne et structure de turbine éolienne
DK12175650.6T DK2685090T3 (en) 2012-07-10 2012-07-10 Process for manufacturing a wind turbine structure and a wind turbine structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12175650.6A EP2685090B1 (fr) 2012-07-10 2012-07-10 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de turbine éolienne et structure de turbine éolienne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2685090A1 true EP2685090A1 (fr) 2014-01-15
EP2685090B1 EP2685090B1 (fr) 2017-06-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12175650.6A Not-in-force EP2685090B1 (fr) 2012-07-10 2012-07-10 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de turbine éolienne et structure de turbine éolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2685090B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2685090T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018183796A (ja) * 2017-04-25 2018-11-22 日之出水道機器株式会社 接合体および接合システム
CN113883011A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-04 西门子歌美飒可再生能源公司 凸缘
JP2022016662A (ja) * 2017-04-25 2022-01-21 日之出水道機器株式会社 摩擦圧接装置、摩擦圧接方法、および、接合体

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4087038A (en) * 1975-12-19 1978-05-02 Harima Sargyo Kabushiki Kaisha Frictional welding method
EP2211054A2 (fr) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-28 General Electric Company Arbre d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage
EP2211052A2 (fr) * 2009-01-21 2010-07-28 General Electric Company Tour d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage utilisant un forgeage par friction
US20120137623A1 (en) * 2011-10-05 2012-06-07 Balaji Haridasu Wind turbine tower section and method of assembling a wind turbine tower

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4087038A (en) * 1975-12-19 1978-05-02 Harima Sargyo Kabushiki Kaisha Frictional welding method
EP2211052A2 (fr) * 2009-01-21 2010-07-28 General Electric Company Tour d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage utilisant un forgeage par friction
EP2211054A2 (fr) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-28 General Electric Company Arbre d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage
US20120137623A1 (en) * 2011-10-05 2012-06-07 Balaji Haridasu Wind turbine tower section and method of assembling a wind turbine tower

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018183796A (ja) * 2017-04-25 2018-11-22 日之出水道機器株式会社 接合体および接合システム
JP2022016662A (ja) * 2017-04-25 2022-01-21 日之出水道機器株式会社 摩擦圧接装置、摩擦圧接方法、および、接合体
CN113883011A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-04 西门子歌美飒可再生能源公司 凸缘

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2685090T3 (en) 2017-10-23
EP2685090B1 (fr) 2017-06-14

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