Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
  • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
  • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
  • G01N29/0654—Imaging
  • G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
  • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
  • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
  • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
  • G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
  • G01N2291/103—Number of transducers one emitter, two or more receivers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
  • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
  • G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
  • G01N2291/2696—Wheels, Gears, Bearings

Definitions

• At least one further hyperbola H2 can be calculated from the transit time difference T3 to T4 with the focal points P3 and P4.
• the position coordinate is the defect.
• a first technical realization possibility for generating a corresponding sound pulse is given by a pulse hammer.
• the pulse hammer generates a sufficiently precise sound signal, which, however, no defined
• Frequency modulation is superimposed and this frequency is a wavelength in the order of magnitude of the to be detected
• selective excitation or heating of the material can be generated by means of a laser, or with sufficient
• Wave packets is very short compared to the heat conduction time scale is formed, so no broadening due to
• the modulated oscillation frequency then has to be the natural frequency of the grid points, which then modulated as well as the excitation pulse
• Ultrasonic vibration continues as a sound signal through the body.
• For generating a sound pulse means
• the body has a corresponding magnetizability and conductivity in order to generate a thermal shock wave by the magnetic induction.
• Another excitation method for generating a defined sound pulse is by the forced alignment of the magnetic moments, preferably by
• Sound signal in the body is about 0.1 mm to 3 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the frequency of the sound signal is> 200 MHz. As have been found to be useful
• the inventive method is an arrangement of
• the body to be analyzed is a disc-shaped rotating body, in particular a
• railway wheel is and at least three defined positions for sound detection radially, preferably in a radial sector of 90 ° to 120 °, as well as at least one further defined position for sound detection axially offset analysis.
• defects represent any type of sound reflecting parts in and / or on the body to be analyzed.
• the implementation of the wheel axle, the hub or other interfaces in a position capable of sound pulses reflect. It is therefore in the nature of the method that in the context of the analysis of the detected sound signal and its descent from a defect information is determined, whether this defect is now on a structurally conditioned
• FIG. 2 shows an arrangement corresponding
• Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a real
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic exemplary representation of the arrangement to be executed
• Figure 1 thus shows the arrangement of a sound pulse generator 2 in a position PI, which emits a sound signal Sl.
• the sound signal propagates in the wheel tire 1 as a spherical wave and reaches after a running time Tl a defect 3, where it is reflected at the defect 3 such that it is based on the Huygensschem principle starting from the defect 3 as new
• the sound signal reaches the other detection positions P2 to P4 via the path of the
• incident laser beam 6 is reflected and returned as a reflected laser beam 7 to the laser interferometer.
• reflected laser beam 7 is reflected and returned as a reflected laser beam 7 to the laser interferometer.
• Laser beams 6 and reflected laser beams 7 may be information about the vibration of the surface at the
• Ball caps must be found around the detection positions P2 to P4, wherein the radius of the respective spherical caps from the running time of the sound pulse from the defect 3 to the respective detection position P2 to P4 and the speed of sound in the tire 1 would be determined. Because of
• the duration of the sound signal Sl from the sound encoder 2 to defect 3 represents an unknown.
• the corresponding spherical caps provide information as to which part of the space the defect is to be located in, so that as part of the evaluation already corresponding unrealistic quantities are discarded and therefore need not be calculated.
• the first hyperbola Hl is shown here as a dashed line.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a
• Tires 1 of a railway carriage or a locomotive can be attached and thus a maintenance or
• Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of the wheel tire 1 with its tread 4 and the axis 21.
• the tire 1 is shown schematically in Figure 3, a defect 3, which is on a segment of a hyperboloid 30 around a
• Detection position P is arranged.
• the marking of corresponding further detection positions and associated hyperboloidal sections has been dispensed with. their
• Amplitude signal A is plotted against the time t.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=45581826

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Family Cites Families (3)

• 2011
  • 2011-02-08 DE DE201110010680 patent/DE102011010680A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2012
  • 2012-02-08 WO PCT/EP2012/000562 patent/WO2012107218A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2012-02-08 EP EP12703455.1A patent/EP2673630A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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