EP2656528A1 - Method for operating an electronic reconnaissance system in surroundings that are protected by a jammer - Google Patents

Method for operating an electronic reconnaissance system in surroundings that are protected by a jammer

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Publication number
EP2656528A1
EP2656528A1 EP11815612.4A EP11815612A EP2656528A1 EP 2656528 A1 EP2656528 A1 EP 2656528A1 EP 11815612 A EP11815612 A EP 11815612A EP 2656528 A1 EP2656528 A1 EP 2656528A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jammer
reconnaissance system
reactive
phases
interference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11815612.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2656528B1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Lorch
Rainer Müller
Askold Meusling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hensoldt Sensors GmbH
Original Assignee
EADS Deutschland GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EADS Deutschland GmbH filed Critical EADS Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP2656528A1 publication Critical patent/EP2656528A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2656528B1 publication Critical patent/EP2656528B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
    • H04K3/40—Jamming having variable characteristics
    • H04K3/45—Jamming having variable characteristics characterized by including monitoring of the target or target signal, e.g. in reactive jammers or follower jammers for example by means of an alternation of jamming phases and monitoring phases, called "look-through mode"
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K2203/00—Jamming of communication; Countermeasures
    • H04K2203/10—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application
    • H04K2203/22—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application for communication related to vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K2203/00—Jamming of communication; Countermeasures
    • H04K2203/10—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application
    • H04K2203/24—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application for communication related to weapons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
    • H04K3/80—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function
    • H04K3/92—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to allowing or preventing remote control

Definitions

  • RCIEDs remote controlled jmprovised explosive devices
  • ESS Electronic Support Measures
  • Such reconnaissance systems typically include components for modulation type detection, bearing, and, depending on the operational requirement, e.g. also for demodulation and development of the signal content.
  • the RF interference power radiated by the jammer to protect the vehicle or convoy causes an overload or saturation in the receiving channels of the reconnaissance system and thus makes it useless. Therefore, the reconnaissance mode of the jammer and thus the most consistently desired protection function must be turned off.
  • reactive jammers (English: Responsive Jammer) are known. These are jammers that only perform a fault when they have detected a signal to be disturbed. In order to detect such signals, reactive jammers work with an observation phase connected between two interference phases. During the observation phases, only the signal environment is observed and evaluated, but no interference signal is transmitted. In the following interference phase, RF power is actively radiated only on frequencies that have an occupancy. The observation phase of the reactive jammer is so short that targets (eg bombs) can not trigger during this time.
  • targets eg bombs
  • US2006 / 0153280 A1 likewise describes a reactive jamming transmitter which, however, can additionally determine the direction of a signal received in the observation phase. This direction is taken into account in the subsequent disturbing phase, in particular in that the interference signal is emitted only in the corresponding direction.
  • Embodiments and a reconnaissance system for use in the method according to the invention are the subject of further claims.
  • the operation of reactive jammer and reconnaissance system is synchronized such that signal reception of the reconnaissance system occurs only within the observation phases of the reactive jammer. This ensures that the reconnaissance system is not disturbed by the interference radiation. Thus, a high-quality setup operation becomes possible even when the protection function against RCIEDs (executed by the jammer) is activated.
  • At least one of the following functions is performed: - Bearing,
  • a reaction of the reconnaissance system to the perturbation cycle of the reactive jammer is possible.
  • a dynamic adaptation of the system synchronization can take place in such a way that the length of the observation phases and / or the interference phases of the reactive interference transmitter is controlled as a function of the operational requirements of the reconnaissance system.
  • both the efficiency of disturbance and the depth of explanation can be controlled in a targeted manner.
  • the reconnaissance system For example, for more complex functions of the reconnaissance system, such as e.g. Unlocking the signal content, the reconnaissance system a longer
  • the direction information obtained by the reconnaissance system can be used for direction-selective disruption with a multi-antenna system.
  • the generation of the directional signal can be realized either by appropriate beam shaping in phased array antennas or by antenna switching in the case of multiple directional antennas.
  • reactive jammer and reconnaissance system are not generally operated in combination, can be provided in a further embodiment, that the reconnaissance system automatically synchronized to the set in the reactive jammer temporal position of the observation phase as soon as the two units in contact with each other in operational use.
  • Reactive jammer and reconnaissance system can be used in particular for the protection of vehicles or vehicle convoys.
  • the reconnaissance system and reactive jammer may be located on the same vehicle or different vehicles depending on operational requirements. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram for synchronizing the operation of reactive jammer and reconnaissance system
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the overall configuration of reactive jammer and on clarification system.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of details of the protection circuit of FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 1 shows a representation of the timing of the individual process steps within the reactive jammer and the reconnaissance system.
  • the function "bearing" is considered for the reconnaissance system.
  • the reconnaissance system may have additional functions, e.g. Modulation type detection, be provided.
  • the internal procedure of the jammer is the upper view of FIG. 1, the internal procedure for the direction finder is shown in the lower illustration of FIG.
  • Time duration T J2 emission of an interference signal with the frequency f_old.
  • Time T L T Signal recording to detect potential threats.
  • Time duration The signal received during T LT is subjected to an FFT to obtain spectrum information and to determine therefrom the required new interference frequency f_new. Subsequently, the determination of the new interference signal with the frequency f_neu. Duration T J2 : Transmission of the new interference signal with the frequency f_new.
  • T L T and Tj! together form the observation phase T B
  • the observation phase T B can be adjusted by lengthening T L T.
  • the cycle time between successive observation phases T B can be adjusted by shortening the disturbance phase T J2 and / or omitting the time duration Tji.
  • the disturbance phase T J2 can be extended.
  • the observation phase TB can be shortened to the time T LT and the interference phase can be lengthened accordingly, in which an interference signal is also transmitted in the time period Tji.
  • the interference efficiency ⁇ y of the jammer is as follows:
  • the direction finder is as follows: It carried out there in parallel to the activities of the jammer, the following processing steps:
  • the operation of reconnaissance system and reactive jammer is synchronized such that the signal pickup of the direction finder takes place only within the observation time TB of the reactive jammer, and never during the jamming phase T J2 , during which the jammer emits spurious energy.
  • the synchronization can be done, for example, with a synchronization line (eg copper or glass fiber) or via an air interface.
  • the air interface has the advantage that several vehicles can work in parallel.
  • the duration of the individual work phases can be freely selected by the reactive interferer and the reconnaissance system.
  • the signal pickup from the jammer and direction finder (as can be seen in the example of FIG. 1) begin or end at the same time.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the overall configuration of reactive jammer 1 and reconnaissance system 2.
  • the jammer 1 includes the jammer module ECM and the associated antenna A-ECM for emitting the interference signal and for receiving signals.
  • Reconnaissance system 2 comprises the reconnaissance module ESM and the associated antenna A-ESM for receiving signals.
  • the two systems 1 and 2 are, as described in detail above, synchronized with respect to the signal recording of the reconnaissance system 2.
  • the synchronization can be done via a cable connection as shown. This is especially preferred when the two systems 1, 2 are located on the same vehicle. Alternatively, a wireless connection may also be provided, in particular if the two systems 1, 2 are located on different vehicles or platforms.
  • Fig. 3 shows the structure of the antenna protection device P of Fig. 2 in detail. It is characterized in particular by speed in the switching open / closed and by a high insulation in the open state.
  • the coarse protection GS is intended to derive the essential part of the inflowing energy and may be e.g. consist of a gas gap.
  • the remaining voltage is applied to a fast switch SSC (e.g., a relay, a PIN diode, or even a MEMS switch) which turns off the antenna.
  • a limiter LT is provided, e.g. consists of diodes.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating an electronic reconnaissance system (2) in surroundings that are protected by a jammer (1). Jamming phases (TJ2) for transmitting a jamming signal and monitoring phases (TB) for receiving and analyzing signals to be jammed are carried out in an alternating manner during the operation of the reactive jammer (1), and a signal reception of the electronic reconnaissance system (2) is carried out exclusively during the monitoring phases (TB) of the reactive jammer (1).

Description

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektronischen Aufklärungssystems in einer durch einen Störsender geschützten Umgebung  A method of operating an electronic reconnaissance system in an environment protected by a jammer
Zum Schutz von Fahrzeugen oder Fahrzeugkonvois gegen ferngesteuerte Spreng- sätze (sogenannte RCIEDs, remote controlled jmprovised Explosive Devices) werden mobile Störsender eingesetzt. Dabei ist operationeil neben dem Betrieb des Störsenders auch ein paralleler Betrieb eines elektronische Aufklärungssystems (auch als ES -System: Electronic Support Measures bezeichnet) in vielen Einsätzen gefordert. Derartige Aufklärungssysteme umfassen typischerweise Komponen- ten zur Modulationsartenerkennung, Peilung, und je nach operationeller Anforderung z.B. auch zur Demodulation und Erschließung des Signalinhalts. Mobile jammers are used to protect vehicles or vehicle convoys against remote-controlled explosive devices (so-called RCIEDs, remote controlled jmprovised explosive devices). In addition to the operation of the jammer, the operation also requires parallel operation of an electronic reconnaissance system (also known as ESS: Electronic Support Measures) in many operations. Such reconnaissance systems typically include components for modulation type detection, bearing, and, depending on the operational requirement, e.g. also for demodulation and development of the signal content.
Die vom Störsender zum Schutz des Fahrzeugs oder Konvois abgestrahlte HF- Störleistung verursacht eine Übersteuerung bzw. Sättigung in den Empfangskanä- len des Aufklärungssystems und macht diese damit unnutzbar. Deshalb muss für den Aufklärungsbetrieb der Störsender und damit die möglichst durchgängig gewünschte Schutzfunktion abgeschaltet werden. The RF interference power radiated by the jammer to protect the vehicle or convoy causes an overload or saturation in the receiving channels of the reconnaissance system and thus makes it useless. Therefore, the reconnaissance mode of the jammer and thus the most consistently desired protection function must be turned off.
Aus der DE 10 2009 006 861 A1 sowie der US 2005/0041728 A1 sind sogenannte reaktive Störsender (Englisch: Responsive Jammer) bekannt. Dabei handelt es sich um Störsender, die eine Störung erst dann durchführen, wenn sie ein zu störendes Signal erkannt haben. Um solche Signale zu erkennen, arbeiten reaktive Störsender mit einer zwischen jeweils zwei Störphasen geschalteten Beobachtungsphase. In den Beobachtungsphasen wird nur die Signalumgebung beobachtet und ausge- wertet, jedoch kein Störsignal ausgesendet. In der nachfolgenden Störphase wird nur auf Frequenzen, die eine Belegung aufweisen, aktiv HF-Leistung abgestrahlt. Die Beobachtungsphase des reaktiven Störsenders ist so kurz, das Targets (z.B. Bomben) in dieser Zeit nicht auslösen können. Die US2006/0153280 A1 beschreibt ebenfalls einen reaktiven Störsender, der jedoch zusätzlich die Richtung eines in der Beobachtungsphase empfangenen Signals bestimmen kann. Diese Richtung wird in der anschießenden Störphase berücksichtigt, insbesondere dadurch, dass das Störsignal nur in die entsprechende Richtung abgestrahlt wird. From DE 10 2009 006 861 A1 and US 2005/0041728 A1 so-called reactive jammers (English: Responsive Jammer) are known. These are jammers that only perform a fault when they have detected a signal to be disturbed. In order to detect such signals, reactive jammers work with an observation phase connected between two interference phases. During the observation phases, only the signal environment is observed and evaluated, but no interference signal is transmitted. In the following interference phase, RF power is actively radiated only on frequencies that have an occupancy. The observation phase of the reactive jammer is so short that targets (eg bombs) can not trigger during this time. US2006 / 0153280 A1 likewise describes a reactive jamming transmitter which, however, can additionally determine the direction of a signal received in the observation phase. This direction is taken into account in the subsequent disturbing phase, in particular in that the interference signal is emitted only in the corresponding direction.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, welches eine elektronische Funkaufklärung von variabler Güte/Aufklärungstiefe ermöglicht, ohne jedoch den gleichzeitig gewünschten Schutz vor RCIEDs durch den reaktiven Störsender zu verlieren, d.h. beide System sollen mit ihren Einzelfunktionen parallel betrieben werden können. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method enabling electronic variable quality / reconnaissance intelligence without losing the simultaneously desired protection against RCIEDs by the reactive interferer, i. Both systems should be able to operate in parallel with their individual functions.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte This object is achieved by the method according to claim 1. advantageous
Ausführungen sowie ein Aufklärungssystem zum Einsatz in dem erfindungsgemä- ßen Verfahren sind Gegenstand von weiteren Ansprüchen. Embodiments and a reconnaissance system for use in the method according to the invention are the subject of further claims.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird der Betrieb von reaktivem Störsender und Aufklärungssystem derart synchronisiert, dass ein Signalempfang des Aufklärungssystems nur innerhalb der Beobachtungsphasen des reaktiven Störsenders erfolgt. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass das Aufklärungssystem nicht durch die Störstrahlung gestört wird. Es wird somit ein hochwertiger Aufkiärungsbetrieb auch dann möglich, wenn die Schutzfunktion gegen RCIEDs (ausgeführt durch den Störsender) aktiviert ist. According to the invention, the operation of reactive jammer and reconnaissance system is synchronized such that signal reception of the reconnaissance system occurs only within the observation phases of the reactive jammer. This ensures that the reconnaissance system is not disturbed by the interference radiation. Thus, a high-quality setup operation becomes possible even when the protection function against RCIEDs (executed by the jammer) is activated.
Im Aufklärungsbetrieb wird zumindest einer der folgenden Funktionen ausgeführt: - Peilung, In reconnaissance mode, at least one of the following functions is performed: - Bearing,
Modulationsartenerkennung,  Types of modulation recognition,
Demodulation  demodulation
Erschließung des Signalinhalts. ln einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführung ist eine Rückwirkung des Aufklärungssystems auf den Störzyklus des reaktiven Jammers möglich. Insbesondere kann eine dynamische Anpassung der Systemsynchronisierung erfolgen, und zwar derart, dass die Länge der Beobachtungsphasen und/oder der Störphasen des reaktiven Störsenders abhängig von den operationeilen Anforderungen an das Aufklärungssystem gesteuert wird. Damit kann sowohl die Störeffizienz als auch die Aufklärungstiefe gezielt gesteuert werden. Development of the signal content. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a reaction of the reconnaissance system to the perturbation cycle of the reactive jammer is possible. In particular, a dynamic adaptation of the system synchronization can take place in such a way that the length of the observation phases and / or the interference phases of the reactive interference transmitter is controlled as a function of the operational requirements of the reconnaissance system. Thus, both the efficiency of disturbance and the depth of explanation can be controlled in a targeted manner.
Beispielsweise kann für komplexere Funktionen der Aufklärungssystems, wie z.B. Erschließung des Signalinhalts, dem Aufklärungssystem eine längere For example, for more complex functions of the reconnaissance system, such as e.g. Unlocking the signal content, the reconnaissance system a longer
Signalaufnahmezeit oder ein kürzerer Abstand zwischen zwei oder mehreren Signalaufzeichnungen gewährt werden, in dem die Beobachtungsphase des Störsenders entsprechend verlängert bzw. die Störphase entsprechend verkürzt wird.  Signal recording time or a shorter distance between two or more signal recordings are granted, in which the observation phase of the jammer extended accordingly or the Störphase is shortened accordingly.
Besonders vorteilhaft kann die vom Aufklärungssystem gewonnene Richtungsinformation zum richtungsselektiven Stören mit einem Mehrantennensystem genutzt werden. Die Erzeugung des gerichteten Signals kann entweder durch entsprechende Strahlformung bei phasengesteuerten Gruppenantennen oder durch Antennen- umschaltung im Falle mehrerer Richtantennen realisiert werden. Particularly advantageously, the direction information obtained by the reconnaissance system can be used for direction-selective disruption with a multi-antenna system. The generation of the directional signal can be realized either by appropriate beam shaping in phased array antennas or by antenna switching in the case of multiple directional antennas.
Sofern reaktiver Störsender und Aufklärungssystem nicht generell in Kombination betrieben werden, kann in einer weiteren Ausführung vorgesehen sein, dass sich das Aufklärungssystem automatisch auf die im reaktiven Störsender eingestellte zeitliche Lage der Beobachtungsphase synchronisiert, sobald die beiden genannten Einheiten im operativen Einsatz Kontakt zueinander haben. If reactive jammer and reconnaissance system are not generally operated in combination, can be provided in a further embodiment, that the reconnaissance system automatically synchronized to the set in the reactive jammer temporal position of the observation phase as soon as the two units in contact with each other in operational use.
Reaktiver Störsender und Aufklärungssystem können insbesondere zum Schutz von Fahrzeugen oder Fahrzeugkonvois eingesetzt werden. Aufklärungssystem und reaktiver Störsender können dabei auf demselben Fahrzeug oder verschiedenen Fahrzeugen je nach operativen Einsatzerfordernissen angeordnet sein. Die Erfindung wird anhand von Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Reactive jammer and reconnaissance system can be used in particular for the protection of vehicles or vehicle convoys. The reconnaissance system and reactive jammer may be located on the same vehicle or different vehicles depending on operational requirements. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Schemazeichnung zur Synchronisierung des Betriebs von reaktivem Störsender und Aufklärungssystem; Fig. 1 is a diagram for synchronizing the operation of reactive jammer and reconnaissance system;
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung der Gesamtkonfiguration aus reaktivem Störsender und Auf klärungssystem; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the overall configuration of reactive jammer and on clarification system.
Fig. 3 ein Schaltbild zu Details der Schutzschaltung nach Fig. 2. 3 is a circuit diagram of details of the protection circuit of FIG. 2.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Darstellung zum zeitlichen Ablauf der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte innerhalb des reaktivem Störsenders und des Aufklärungssystems. In dieser beispielhaften Ausführung wird für das Aufklärungssystem nur die Funktion "Peilung" betrachtet. Wie oben bereits angemerkt, können für das Aufklärungssystem noch weitere Funktionen, z.B. Modulationsartenerkennung, vorgesehen sein. Der interne Verfahrensablauf des Störsenders ist der oberen Darstellung der Fig. 1 , der interne Verfahrensablauf für den Peiler ist der unteren Darstellung der Fig. 1 zu entnehmen. Fig. 1 shows a representation of the timing of the individual process steps within the reactive jammer and the reconnaissance system. In this exemplary embodiment, only the function "bearing" is considered for the reconnaissance system. As noted above, the reconnaissance system may have additional functions, e.g. Modulation type detection, be provided. The internal procedure of the jammer is the upper view of FIG. 1, the internal procedure for the direction finder is shown in the lower illustration of FIG.
Der Ablauf im Störsender ist wie folgt: The procedure in the jammer is as follows:
Zeitdauer TJ2: Aussendung eines Störsignals mit der Frequenz f_alt. Time duration T J2 : emission of an interference signal with the frequency f_old.
Zeitdauer TLT: Signalaufnahme zur Erkennung möglicher Bedrohungen. Time T L T: Signal recording to detect potential threats.
Zeitdauer : Das während TLT empfangene Signal wird einer FFT unterworfen, um Spektrumsinformationen zu erhalten und daraus die benötigte neue Störfrequenz f_neu zu ermitteln. Anschließend erfolgt die Ermittlung des neuen Störsignals mit der Frequenz f_neu. Zeitdauer TJ2: Aussendung des neuen Störsignals mit der Frequenz f_neu. Time duration: The signal received during T LT is subjected to an FFT to obtain spectrum information and to determine therefrom the required new interference frequency f_new. Subsequently, the determination of the new interference signal with the frequency f_neu. Duration T J2 : Transmission of the new interference signal with the frequency f_new.
Anschließend erfolgt wieder die Signalaufnahme innerhalb TLT und der beschriebene Zyklus beginnt von vorn. Die Zeitdauern TLT und Tj! bilden zusammen die Beobachtungsphase TB| die zwischen zwei Störphasen TJ2 liegt. Subsequently, the signal recording takes place again within T L T and the cycle described begins again from the beginning. The durations T L T and Tj! together form the observation phase T B | which lies between two interference phases T J2 .
Zur Erhöhung der Aufklärungstiefe gemäß den jeweils aktuellen Operationellen Erfordernissen kann die Beobachtungsphase TB durch Verlängerung von TLT angepasst werden. To increase the reconnaissance depth according to the current operational requirements, the observation phase T B can be adjusted by lengthening T L T.
Alternativ kann zur Erhöhung der Aufklärungstiefe gemäß den jeweils aktuellen Operationellen Erfordernissen die Zykluszeit zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Beobachtungsphasen TB durch Verkürzung der Störphase TJ2 und/oder Auslassung der Zeitdauer Tji angepasst werden. Alternatively, to increase the reconnaissance depth in accordance with the current operational requirements, the cycle time between successive observation phases T B can be adjusted by shortening the disturbance phase T J2 and / or omitting the time duration Tji.
Wird aus operativen Einsatzertordernissen eine hohe Störeffizienz gefordert, kann die Störphase TJ2 verlängert werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Beobachtungsphase TB auf die Zeit TLT verkürzt und die Störphase entsprechend verlängert werden, in dem auch in der Zeitdauer Tji ein Störsignal ausgesendet werden. If a high disturbance efficiency is required from operative field tasks, the disturbance phase T J2 can be extended. Alternatively or additionally, the observation phase TB can be shortened to the time T LT and the interference phase can be lengthened accordingly, in which an interference signal is also transmitted in the time period Tji.
Generell ergibt sich die Störeffizienz Ή y des Störsenders wie folgt: In general, the interference efficiency Ή y of the jammer is as follows:
T +T T + T
'J 1 T J\ + ^ T A J 2 + T LT Der Ablauf im Aufklärungssystem am hier verwendeten Beispiel des Peilers ist wie folgt: Es erfolgen dort parallel zu den Aktivitäten des Störsenders die folgenden Verarbeitungsschritte: 'J 1 TJ \ + ^ T A J 2 + T LT The sequence in the reconnaissance system example used here, the direction finder is as follows: It carried out there in parallel to the activities of the jammer, the following processing steps:
Peilwertberechnung, Signalaufnahme, bearing values, Signal recording,
Spektrumsanalyse mit FFT,  Spectrum analysis with FFT,
Peilwertberechnung,  bearing values,
mit anschließender Wiederholung dieses Zyklus. with subsequent repetition of this cycle.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Betrieb von Aufklärungssystem und reaktivem Störsender derart synchronisiert, dass die Signalaufnahme des Peilers nur innerhalb der Beobachtungszeit TB des reaktiven Störsenders erfolgt und keinesfalls während der Störphase TJ2, während der der Störsender Störenergie abstrahlt. Die Synchro- nisierung kann z.B. mit einer Synchronisationsleitung (z.B. Kupfer oder Glasfaser) oder über eine Luftschnittstelle erfolgen. Die Luftschnittstelle hat den Vorteil, dass mehrere Fahrzeuge parallel arbeiten können. According to the invention, the operation of reconnaissance system and reactive jammer is synchronized such that the signal pickup of the direction finder takes place only within the observation time TB of the reactive jammer, and never during the jamming phase T J2 , during which the jammer emits spurious energy. The synchronization can be done, for example, with a synchronization line (eg copper or glass fiber) or via an air interface. The air interface has the advantage that several vehicles can work in parallel.
Im Übrigen können die Dauer der einzelnen Arbeitsphasen von reaktivem Störsen- der und Aufklärungssystem frei gewählt werden. Zum Beispiel ist es nicht zwingend, dass die Signalaufnahme von Störsender und Peiler (wie es in dem Beispiel der Fig. 1 zu entnehmen ist) zum selben Zeitpunkt beginnt oder endet. Incidentally, the duration of the individual work phases can be freely selected by the reactive interferer and the reconnaissance system. For example, it is not mandatory that the signal pickup from the jammer and direction finder (as can be seen in the example of FIG. 1) begin or end at the same time.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Gesamtkonfiguration aus reaktivem Störsender 1 und Aufklärungssystem 2. Der Störsender 1 umfasst das Störsender- Modul ECM sowie die zugehörige Antenne A-ECM zur Abstrahlung des Störsignals und zum Empfang von Signalen. Aufklärungssystem 2 umfasst das Aufklärungsmodul ESM und die zugehörige Antenne A-ESM zum Empfang von Signalen. Die beiden Systeme 1 und 2 sind, wie oben im Einzelnen beschrieben, hinsichtlich der Signalaufnahme des Aufklärungssystems 2 synchronisiert. Die Synchronisierung kann über eine Kabelverbindung wie dargestellt erfolgen. Dies wird vor allem dann bevorzugt, wenn sich die beiden Systeme 1 ,2 auf demselben Fahrzeug befinden. Alternativ kann auch eine drahtlose Verbindung vorgesehen sein, insbesondere dann, wenn die beiden Systeme 1 ,2 sich auf unterschiedlichen Fahrzeugen oder Plattformen befinden. Zum Schutz des Empfängers innerhalb des Aufklärungsmoduls ESM während der Abstrahlung des Störsignals durch den Störsender 1 ist eine Antennenschutzvorrichtung P vorhanden, die in Fig. 3 näher erläutert wird. Fig. 3 zeigt den Aufbau der Antennenschutzvorrichtung P aus Fig. 2 im Einzelnen. Sie zeichnet sich insbesondere durch Schnelligkeit im Umschaltvorgang offen/ geschlossen sowie durch eine hohe Isolation im offenen Zustand aus. Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the overall configuration of reactive jammer 1 and reconnaissance system 2. The jammer 1 includes the jammer module ECM and the associated antenna A-ECM for emitting the interference signal and for receiving signals. Reconnaissance system 2 comprises the reconnaissance module ESM and the associated antenna A-ESM for receiving signals. The two systems 1 and 2 are, as described in detail above, synchronized with respect to the signal recording of the reconnaissance system 2. The synchronization can be done via a cable connection as shown. This is especially preferred when the two systems 1, 2 are located on the same vehicle. Alternatively, a wireless connection may also be provided, in particular if the two systems 1, 2 are located on different vehicles or platforms. To protect the receiver within the reconnaissance module ESM during the emission of the interference signal by the jammer 1, an antenna protection device P is present, which is explained in more detail in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows the structure of the antenna protection device P of Fig. 2 in detail. It is characterized in particular by speed in the switching open / closed and by a high insulation in the open state.
Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, sind in die Ausgangsleitung der Antenne A-ESM des Aufklärungs- Systems mehrere Schutzkomponenten geschaltet. Sie unterscheiden sich nach Schnelligkeit ihres Ansprechverhaltens sowie nach der maximalen Leistung, bis zu der sie einen wirksamen Schutz bieten. As shown in FIG. 3, several protection components are connected in the output line of the antenna A-ESM of the reconnaissance system. They differ in the speed of their response and in the maximum power they provide effective protection.
Der Grobschutz GS soll den wesentlichen Teil der einfließenden Energie ableiten und kann z.B. aus einer Gasfunkenstrecke bestehen. Die verbleibende Restspannung wird auf einen schnellen Schalter SSC (z.B. ein Relais eine PIN-Diode oder auch einen MEMS Schalter) geführt, der die Antenne wegschaltet. Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Schutzwirkung ist in der gezeigten Ausführung ein Limiter LT vorgesehen, der z.B. aus Dioden besteht. The coarse protection GS is intended to derive the essential part of the inflowing energy and may be e.g. consist of a gas gap. The remaining voltage is applied to a fast switch SSC (e.g., a relay, a PIN diode, or even a MEMS switch) which turns off the antenna. To further increase the protective effect, in the embodiment shown, a limiter LT is provided, e.g. consists of diodes.
Je nach Einsatzfall bzw. zu erwartender Feldstärke können alle drei genannten Komponenten, Kombinationen aus zwei dieser Komponenten oder nur eine der genannten Komponenten verwendet werden. Depending on the application or expected field strength, all three components mentioned, combinations of two of these components or only one of the components mentioned can be used.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1 . Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektronischen Aufkiärungssystems (2) in einer durch einen Störsender (1 ) geschützten Umgebung, wobei beim Betrieb des reaktiven Störsenders (1 ) abwechselnd Störphasen (TJ2) zur Aussendung eines Störsignals, und Beobachtungsphasen (TB), zum Empfang und zur Auswertung von zu störenden Signalen, durchlaufen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Signalaufnahme des elektronischen Aufklärungssystems (2) ausschließlich während der Beobachtungsphasen (TB) des reaktiven Störsenders (1 ) erfolgt. 1 . Method for operating an electronic Aufkiärungssystems (2) in an environment protected by a jammer (1), wherein in the operation of the reactive jammer (1) alternately interference phases (TJ2) for emitting an interference signal, and observation phases (TB), for receiving and for evaluation to be traversed by interfering signals, characterized in that a signal recording of the electronic reconnaissance system (2) takes place exclusively during the observation phases (TB) of the reactive jammer (1).
2, Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dauer der Beobachtungsphasen (TB) und/oder Störphasen des reaktiven Störsenders (1 ) variabel an operationeile Erfordernisse des Aufklärungssystems (2) angepasst wird. 2, Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the duration of the observation phases (TB) and / or interference phases of the reactive jammer (1) is variably adapted to operational requirements of the reconnaissance system (2).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die durch das Aufklärungssystem (2) gewonnenen Aufklärungsinformationen von dem reaktiven Störsender (1 ) beim Stören berücksichtigt werden. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the by the reconnaissance system (2) obtained reconnaissance information from the reactive jammer (1) are taken into account when disturbing.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass sich das Aufklärungssystem (2) automatisch auf die im reaktiven Störsender (1 ) eingestellte zeitliche Lage der Beobachtungsphase (TB) synchronisiert, sobald die beiden genannten Einheiten Kontakt zueinander haben. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the reconnaissance system (2) automatically synchronized to the reactive jammer (1) set timing of the observation phase (TB) as soon as the two units mentioned have contact.
5. Aufklärungssystem zum Einsatz in einem Verfahren nach einem der vorange- henden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zu seinem Schutz gegen die Störstrahlung des reaktiven Jammers während dessen Störphasen (TJ2) mit einem Antennensch utzschalter ausgestattet ist. 5. reconnaissance system for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped to protect it against the interference radiation of the reactive Jammers during its interference phases (TJ2) with a Antennensch utzschalter.
6. Aufklärungssystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Antennenschutzschalter eine Hintereinanderschaltung aus einem Grobschutz, einem schnellen Schalter sowie einem Limiter aufweist. 6. Reconnaissance system according to claim 5, characterized in that the antenna protection switch has a series connection of a coarse protection, a fast switch and a limiter.
EP11815612.4A 2010-12-24 2011-12-21 Method for operating an electronic reconnaissance system in an environment protected by a jamming transmitter Active EP2656528B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010056268A DE102010056268A1 (en) 2010-12-24 2010-12-24 Method for the simultaneous operation of a jammer and an electronic reconnaissance system
PCT/DE2011/002165 WO2012095080A1 (en) 2010-12-24 2011-12-21 Method for operating an electronic reconnaissance system in surroundings that are protected by a jammer

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EP2656528A1 true EP2656528A1 (en) 2013-10-30
EP2656528B1 EP2656528B1 (en) 2018-05-02

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KR (1) KR101918576B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010056268A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2672394T3 (en)
IL (1) IL226406A (en)
WO (1) WO2012095080A1 (en)

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CN111539628A (en) * 2020-04-23 2020-08-14 成都众享天地网络科技有限公司 Operator training evaluation method based on intercepted data of electronic reconnaissance equipment
DE102020113564A1 (en) 2020-05-19 2021-11-25 Thorsten Chmielus Drone defense system

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US7035311B2 (en) * 2001-12-05 2006-04-25 Sicom Systems, Ltd. Apparatus and method for a digital, wideband, intercept and analysis processor for frequency hopping signals
US7609748B2 (en) * 2004-08-06 2009-10-27 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Method, system and apparatus for maximizing a jammer's time-on-target and power-on-target
US7099369B2 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-08-29 Networkfab Corporation Method and apparatus for surgical high speed follower jamming based on selectable target direction
US7532856B2 (en) * 2006-03-24 2009-05-12 Robert Eugene Stoddard Regenerative jammer with multiple jamming algorithms
DE102009006861A1 (en) 2009-01-30 2010-08-12 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Responsive-jammer for executing interference cycles in communication connection, has receiving antenna protection switch controlled by control device and provided for protecting receiver during radiation of interference signals

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Title
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IL226406A (en) 2016-10-31
KR101918576B1 (en) 2018-11-14
KR20140005158A (en) 2014-01-14
DE102010056268A1 (en) 2012-06-28
EP2656528B1 (en) 2018-05-02
WO2012095080A1 (en) 2012-07-19
ES2672394T3 (en) 2018-06-14
IL226406A0 (en) 2013-07-31

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