EP2636997A1 - Indicateur de position - Google Patents

Indicateur de position Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2636997A1
EP2636997A1 EP12001489.9A EP12001489A EP2636997A1 EP 2636997 A1 EP2636997 A1 EP 2636997A1 EP 12001489 A EP12001489 A EP 12001489A EP 2636997 A1 EP2636997 A1 EP 2636997A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
sensor
output
state
function
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12001489.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Dr. Stein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sick Stegmann GmbH
Original Assignee
Sick Stegmann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sick Stegmann GmbH filed Critical Sick Stegmann GmbH
Priority to EP12001489.9A priority Critical patent/EP2636997A1/fr
Publication of EP2636997A1 publication Critical patent/EP2636997A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
    • G01P21/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24457—Failure detection
    • G01D5/24466—Comparison of the error value to a threshold

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a position sensor, in particular rotary encoder, for generating a position signal, with a sensor device and at least one position signal output connected to the sensor device, wherein the sensor device for detecting a relative position and / or a relative position change of two relatively movable parts and for generating the position signal is designed based on the detected relative position and / or a relative position change.
  • Such position encoders are used in various apparatuses to detect a position absolute value, a position increment, the position change direction and / or the position change rate (rotational angle or linear velocity) with respect to a rotational angle or linear position and to generate a corresponding position signal.
  • the position signals are processed by a downstream evaluation and used for the control of a device, such as a machine or a drive.
  • position sensors In conventional position sensors, such monitoring takes place, for example, by means of a safety-related evaluation of the position signals.
  • position transmitter redundant, for example by the use of two position sensors or a redundant design of the sensor device.
  • a fault diagnosis is carried out by a cross comparison of the redundant sensor channels in the downstream evaluation device.
  • the position sensor has a monitoring device and a function signal output connected to the monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device for determining at least one functional state of the sensor device, for generating a function signal on the basis of the determined functional state and configured to provide the functional signal at the functional signal output.
  • the invention relates to all types of position encoders, in particular rotary encoders, in which the relatively movable parts are rotationally movable relative to each other, or linear encoders, in which the relatively movable parts are translationally movable relative to each other.
  • the position signal may include information about the absolute position (absolute value encoder), the degree and / or the direction of a relative position change (incremental encoder) and / or a relative position change rate (speed sensor).
  • the sensor device may comprise a movable measuring standard which is scanned, for example, by means of stationary optical, inductive, capacitive and / or magnetic sensors.
  • the sensor device is also designed to provide the position signal at the position signal output, but this function can also be omitted or deactivated.
  • the position signal output may, in particular, comprise a so-called A / B output whose two channels or connections provide time-offset position signals to one another, the sign of the time offset representing a direction of rotation or movement.
  • a so-called Z output can be provided which supplies an additional signal (Z signal) at a certain relative position of the moving parts (zero crossing).
  • the position signals provided at the position signal outputs may alternatively or additionally, i. be provided in squared and / or inverted form provided corresponding additional position signal outputs or connections.
  • the position signal output (s) may be conventionally connected to a downstream evaluation device of a machine or drive controller or the like.
  • the one or more function signal outputs can be coupled to a downstream safety device of the machine or drive control, with the aforementioned evaluation in a Unit can be integrated or independent of the evaluation.
  • the output of the position signal and the output of the function signal thus occur separately.
  • the position sensor can be monitored in a surprisingly simple manner to its proper function.
  • the evaluation device provided in the downstream machine control can be designed relatively simply, since it does not assume an immediately safety-relevant function.
  • the actual function monitoring and / or diagnosis of the position sensor is namely taken over by the monitoring device of the position sensor. If the monitoring device determines that a proper function of the position sensor is not given, a corresponding function signal is output at the function signal output. For example, with the help of the safety device of the machine control, which receives the function signal, then appropriate measures can be taken, for example, a visual or audible signaling or an emergency shutdown of the machine.
  • Such dedicated safety devices are often designed as a separate module because of their safety relevance.
  • the position sensor according to the invention is particularly suitable for retrofits in which the function of a fail-safe function monitoring is to be subsequently implemented in an existing machine control. Since in the position encoder according to the invention for the function signal, a separate output is available and the position signal output in electrical respects from the position signal output a conventional position sensor is not significantly different, the evaluation of the machine control can be used. It is merely an exchange of the position sensor make and possibly retrofit the safety device of the machine, if this is not already available anyway.
  • the position signals can be evaluated to determine whether they are within predefined limits. If deviations are detected here, a corresponding function signal can be output at the function signal output. This will be explained in more detail below.
  • the function signal output is formed by a switching output of a switching device connected to the monitoring device, wherein a switching state of the switching device represents the function signal.
  • the switching device may, for example, comprise a relay whose switching contact is closed, for example, only when there is no malfunction of the position sensor.
  • the function signal output is thus designed as a passive output.
  • the function signal output is formed by a signal level output of an output device connected to the monitoring device, wherein a signal level provided at the signal level output represents the function signal.
  • the function signal output is thus designed as an active output, for example as a so-called OSSD output (from English: output signal switching device).
  • the function signal is a binary signal, wherein preferably one signal state represents an ON state and the other signal state represents an OFF state.
  • a binary signal is present, for example, in the aforementioned OSSD output.
  • the signal states of the binary signal can be interpreted, for example, by a downstream safety device so that in a signaled ON state safe operation of the machine is possible, while in a signaled OFF state safe operation of the machine is not given.
  • the function signal represents the OFF state when the monitoring device has determined a malfunction of the sensor device.
  • the safety device may deactivate the machine if there is a risk that the sensor device will provide erroneous position signals at the position signal output.
  • more than two different function signals or functional states can also be output at the function signal output.
  • the position transmitter has a control input connected to the monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device is designed to additionally perform the determination of the functional state of the sensor device on the basis of a control signal received at the control input.
  • a control signal for example, an additional functional test of the sensor device can be triggered, which in regular operation, i. in the absence of a control signal, should not or can not be performed.
  • the monitoring device has a memory device for storing at least one operating parameter, wherein the generation of the function signal comprises a comparison of the position signal generated by the sensor device with the operating parameter read from the memory device.
  • the functional states to be determined by the monitoring device include not only the proper functioning of the sensor device, but also a monitoring of the position signals themselves.
  • a corresponding function signal can be output if the detected angular position defines a limit value given by the operating parameter (s) above or below.
  • a rotational speed monitoring of a shaft can take place, with a function signal being emitted when a predetermined rotational speed limit value is exceeded, which leads to an automatic shutdown of the drive of the shaft.
  • the memory device is designed to receive the operating parameter to be stored from a parameter input.
  • the parameter input can be a separate input.
  • the function signal preferably represents an OFF state when the position signal is outside a range of values predetermined by the operating parameter.
  • An inventive position sensor 10 which is formed in the present embodiment as a rotary encoder is according to Fig. 1 coupled with a rotatable shaft 12.
  • the position sensor 10 has an interface 22 with a plurality of individual terminals. Via the supply terminals 30 (VSS) and 32 (GND), the position sensor 10 can be connected to an external power source (not shown) for supplying an operating current.
  • the position sensor 10 comprises a per se known sensor device 14, which comprises a rotationally fixed manner connected to the shaft 12 measuring scale 16, two sensors 18 and a sensor circuit 20.
  • the measuring graduation 16, for example a circular disk provided with slits or other markings, is scanned by means of the sensors 18, which may be designed, for example, as optical, magnetic, capacitive or inductive sensors.
  • the signals generated by the sensors 18 are transmitted to the sensor circuit 20 for further processing.
  • the sensor circuit 20 Based on the signals generated by the sensors 18, the sensor circuit 20 generates position output signals and provides them at position signal outputs 24 of the interface 22 ready, wherein the position signal outputs 24 comprise a plurality of terminals. Due to the rotation of the material measure 16, the signal provided at the terminals A and B of the position signal outputs 24 is periodically modulated, wherein the signal provided at terminal A differs from the signal provided at terminal B only by a phase shift whose sign is the direction of rotation of the shaft 12 represents. At terminal Z, a reference signal is output, which corresponds to a predetermined angular position or zero position of the material measure 16. The terminals / A, / B and / Z provide inverted signals of the terminals A, B and Z, respectively.
  • the position signal outputs 24 can be used, for example, with an evaluation device 38 (FIG. FIGS. 2 and 3 ) are connected to a machine control.
  • the position signals can be further processed in the evaluation device 38, for example for a speed control of a coupled to the shaft 12 drive (not shown).
  • the position sensor 10 further has a monitoring device 34, which is connected to the sensor circuit 20 of the sensor device 14.
  • the monitoring device 34 is designed to determine at least one functional state of the sensor device 14 and to generate a function signal on the basis of the determined functional state.
  • the function monitoring of the sensor device 14 may include monitoring the sensor device 14 for malfunction. The malfunction monitoring may be performed, for example, based on a comparison of the position signals output at the terminals A and B.
  • the monitoring device 34 comprises an output device 36, which is provided for outputting or providing the or the generated function signals to a function signal output 26 of the interface 22.
  • the output device 36 may for example be designed so that the function signal output forms a so-called OSSD output.
  • OSSD output a signal level of +24 V corresponds to an ON state and a signal of 0 V corresponds to an OFF state, with respect to the ground potential at the supply terminal 32, respectively.
  • the function signal output 26 can be connected to a safety device 40 (FIG. 3 and 4 ) are connected to a machine control.
  • the monitoring device 34 may have an integrated memory device (not shown) in which one or more operating parameters can be stored.
  • Such an operating parameter may, for example, represent a permissible maximum rotational speed of the shaft 12. If the monitoring device 34 detects by evaluating the position signals that the rotational speed of the shaft 12 determined with the aid of the sensor device 14 exceeds this maximum rotational speed, the monitoring device 34 generates a corresponding function signal.
  • the operating parameter (s) may be fixedly predefined in the memory device or may be transmitted to the memory device user-specifically via a separate parameter input (not shown) or with appropriate circuitry via one or more terminals of the position signal outputs 24.
  • the monitoring device 34 detects neither a malfunction of the sensor device 14 nor exceeding the maximum speed, the ON state is signaled at the function signal output 26. As long as the safety device 40 detects this ON state, it determines a safe operating state of the position sensor 10 and releases the machine for operation.
  • the OFF state is signaled at the function signal output.
  • the safety device 40 detects the OFF state, a safety shutdown of the associated machine takes place.
  • the interface 22 may have a control input 28 (TEST) connected to the monitoring device 34.
  • TEST control input 28
  • an additional test operation can be triggered in the monitoring device 34.
  • This test procedure can be, for example, an additional functional test of the sensor device 14, which is not possible or not desirable in normal operation.
  • a test of the output device 36 can also take place.
  • a function signal corresponding to the result of the test procedure is output.
  • the position sensor 10 according to the invention can be used in many ways, which is based on the Fig. 2 to 4 is explained in more detail.
  • the position sensor 10 according to Fig. 3 used in a configuration in which both the position signal outputs 24 with a Evaluation device 38 and the function signal output 26 are connected to a safety device 40. In this configuration, both the position signals and the function signals are evaluated by the corresponding devices.
  • the position sensor 10 as a conventional position sensor, as in Fig. 2 is shown. Accordingly, only the position signal outputs 24 are connected to an evaluation device 38, so that only the position signals are evaluated. An evaluation of the function signals does not take place.
  • the position sensor 10 serves exclusively as a security element, for example as a speed monitor.
  • a speed monitor a concrete determination of the speed is not provided, it is only a monitoring to the effect whether, for example, the stored in the memory device maximum speed is exceeded or not.
  • the position sensor according to the invention ultimately combines several functions in one unit and therefore very versatile for different purposes usable.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
EP12001489.9A 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Indicateur de position Withdrawn EP2636997A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12001489.9A EP2636997A1 (fr) 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Indicateur de position

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12001489.9A EP2636997A1 (fr) 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Indicateur de position

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2636997A1 true EP2636997A1 (fr) 2013-09-11

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0293479A1 (fr) * 1986-11-07 1988-12-07 Fanuc Ltd. Codeur d'impulsions
EP0367915A2 (fr) * 1988-09-02 1990-05-16 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain GmbH Capteur de position
US20020109501A1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-15 Thaddeus Schroeder Malfunction detector for magnetoresistor speed and position sensors
EP1302753A1 (fr) * 2001-10-10 2003-04-16 BAUMÜLLER ANLAGEN-SYSTEMTECHNIK GmbH & Co. Méthode de surveillance pour un détecteur de position
EP2216629A1 (fr) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-11 Panasonic Corporation Appareil de détection

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0293479A1 (fr) * 1986-11-07 1988-12-07 Fanuc Ltd. Codeur d'impulsions
EP0367915A2 (fr) * 1988-09-02 1990-05-16 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain GmbH Capteur de position
US20020109501A1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-15 Thaddeus Schroeder Malfunction detector for magnetoresistor speed and position sensors
EP1302753A1 (fr) * 2001-10-10 2003-04-16 BAUMÜLLER ANLAGEN-SYSTEMTECHNIK GmbH & Co. Méthode de surveillance pour un détecteur de position
EP2216629A1 (fr) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-11 Panasonic Corporation Appareil de détection

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