EP2629808A1 - Glycol sensor for feedback loop control - Google Patents

Glycol sensor for feedback loop control

Info

Publication number
EP2629808A1
EP2629808A1 EP11846352.0A EP11846352A EP2629808A1 EP 2629808 A1 EP2629808 A1 EP 2629808A1 EP 11846352 A EP11846352 A EP 11846352A EP 2629808 A1 EP2629808 A1 EP 2629808A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compound
space
treated
sensor
diffusion device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11846352.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2629808A4 (en
Inventor
Craig Kelly
Richard W. Weening
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prolitec Inc
Original Assignee
Prolitec Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US13/090,240 external-priority patent/US20110253797A1/en
Application filed by Prolitec Inc filed Critical Prolitec Inc
Publication of EP2629808A1 publication Critical patent/EP2629808A1/en
Publication of EP2629808A4 publication Critical patent/EP2629808A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/14—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using sprayed or atomised substances including air-liquid contact processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/11—Apparatus for controlling air treatment
    • A61L2209/111—Sensor means, e.g. motion, brightness, scent, contaminant sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/16—Connections to a HVAC unit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
    • A61L2209/21—Use of chemical compounds for treating air or the like

Definitions

  • airborne microorganisms as a method of inhibiting the transmission of disease can be achieved through the use of airborne air sanitizers, air
  • disinfectants and air sterilizers (hereafter disinfectants). Diffusion controlled encounters between airborne microorganisms and disinfectants serves as a basis for inactivation of the microorganism by mechanisms that are microorganism and disinfectant specific.
  • the rate of microorganism inactivation by the disinfectant is dependent upon the rate of the microorganism-disinfectant encounters.
  • the rate of the encounters can be represented as a second-order kinetic process.
  • the rate of a second-order event can be defined as a function of the airborne concentrations of the two reacting components, the microorganism and the disinfectant.
  • the airborne concentration of the disinfectant is therefore an important parameter controlling the rate of airborne microorganism inactivation by airborne disinfectant and therefore the control of the airborne concentration of the disinfectant is critical for any air disinfection process.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates concentrations over time of glycol compounds within a space to be treated as determined by a photoionization detection device capable of detecting propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and triethylene glycol with the atmosphere of the space.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the concentration over time of a glycol compound with a space to be treated as determined by a photoionization detection device to show the effect of different activities within the space on the airborne glycol concentration within the space.
  • an aerosol generator was used that produces a controlled output of an airborne disinfectant, which to date has been composed of triethylene glycol or propylene glycol (hereafter glycol).
  • the aerosolized glycol rapidly comes into equilibrium with the gas phase resulting in an environmentally defined distribution of gaseous and liquid phase glycol distributed within the accessible air volume.
  • the output of glycol from the aerosol generator can only be controlled through indirect methods, e.g., through duty cycle, timed program, or manual on/off mechanisms while environmental variables can dramatically and dynamically alter the airborne concentration of gaseous glycol.
  • Such approaches to control of glycol output are described in commonly owned U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/691363, now issued as U.S. Patent No. 7,930,068, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present disclosure is directed to the development and incorporation of a sensor that is capable of detecting and monitoring the concentration of gas phase glycol into the operation of a airborne disinfectant diffusion device. If a reliable sensor can be identified than it can be integrated into a suitable control system to enable inhibition or excitation of the aerosol generator output in a manner that would allow the maintenance of a predetermined concentration of glycol vapor within a space to be treated. This would permit efficiency of operation of the device where the appropriate effective concentration is maintained for the desired efficacy without the distribution of an excess amount of disinfectant that may precipitate ontop surfaces in the treated space and possibly be wasteful of the disinfectant.
  • Figure 1 provides experimental verification of the ability to detect propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and triethylene glycol by the PID sensor or detector when the PDI detector is exposed to high concentrations of the respective vapors.
  • the figure also provides an indication of baseline noise/variability in an uncontrolled interior environment.
  • Propylene glycol gas-phase concentration was studied under uncontrolled ventilation rate conditions as a function of aerosol generation rate, Figure 2.
  • low- frequency oscillations are observed that correlate with HVAC activity (air conditioning) and high- frequency oscillations that correlate with room entry/exit activity.
  • the sensor readings may be used to control the aerosol generation rate to compensate for the baseline variability associated with ventilation rate variability (e.g., HVAC and room entry/exit activity). Additional sensors could be provided in the control system for the operation of the disinfectant diffusion device to respond to such events before the events have an adverse impact on the concentration disinfectant in the space.
  • control system may include a door sensor that would trigger a reaction by the diffusion system when an entry ot exit is recorded.
  • the control system may include a detector indicating when the HVAC system feeding the treated space is activated and the nature of the HVAC system's operation (heating, cooling, venting, air or heat exchange, etc.).
  • a photoionization detector that is capable of ionizing molecules with ionization potentials of ⁇ 9.6 eV may also be used within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the photoionization potential of triethylene glycol is approximately 9.6 eV and the ionization potential of propylene glycol is assumed to be similar to that for triethylene glycol or approximately 9.6 eV.
  • the lower ionization potential detector may provide improved selectivity for the glycols by virtue of not detecting potentially interfering molecules greater than about 9.6 eV, thereby eliminating potential contribution to the sensor noise from ionizable volatile organic compounds with ionization potentials in the 9.6 - 10.6 eV range which are not the desired disinfectant compounds.
  • ⁇ 9.6 eV detector is unable to detect the glycols, or the sensitivity is greatly reduced, use of a dual detector may be developed to subtract out the ⁇ 9.6 eV signal to improve the selectivity for the detection of the glycols by virtue of removing potentially interfering signals from easily ionizable volatile organic compounds.
  • Selectivity toward the glycols is therefore expected by one of the two strategies, with success of each dependent upon the precise ionization potential of the glycols and the efficiency of ionization of the glycols by each of the two detectors.
  • Selectivity is potentially of value under conditions of interfering, non-glycol, volatile organic compounds.
  • the senor may be integrated into the any sort of aerosol generators to enable a feed-back control mechanism facilitating automatic aerosolization rate control for maintenance of a predefined glycol gas- phase concentration. That is, the sensor will serve a function that is comparable to a thermostat for temperature control, except it will maintain the glycol, rather than the heat, level.
  • Such sensor configurations may be used to control operation of a number of different devices that may operate to distribute or diffuse disinfectant within a space to be treated.
  • glycols compounds as described herein may be extended to other aerosol organic compounds as well. It is anticipated that similar analysis and evaluation of data received from sensor(s) positioned within a particular space may be used to determine the presence of other airborne organic compounds and also to identify potentially unknown compounds. It is not the intention of limit the present disclosure to solely the identification and evaluation of glycols or to any particular disinfectant compounds.

Abstract

A method of maintaining a desired level of an aerosolized compound within a space to be treated with the compound, the method including providing a diffusion device with the compound in liquid form and a control system for operating the device. The control system includes a sensor in fluid communication with the air within the space to be treated configured to sense the concentration of the compound aerosolized within the space. The diffusion device is operated to diffuse the compound into the space. The concentration of the compound within the space to be treated is sensed with the sensor and operation of the diffusion device is altered based on the concentration of the compound sensed to achieve a desired concentration of compound within the space. The sensing and operation altering steps are repeated periodically to maintain the desired concentration of the compound within the space.

Description

GLYCOL SENSOR FOR FEEDBACK LOOP CONTROL
Cross-reference to Related Applications
The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 61/405952, filed on October 22, 2010, the disclosure of which is incorporate herein by reference. The present application is also a continuation-in-part of pending U.S. Patent Application
13/090240, which is a CIP of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/691363, now issued as U.S. Patent No. 7,930,068, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Background of Invention
The inactivation of airborne microorganisms as a method of inhibiting the transmission of disease can be achieved through the use of airborne air sanitizers, air
disinfectants, and air sterilizers (hereafter disinfectants). Diffusion controlled encounters between airborne microorganisms and disinfectants serves as a basis for inactivation of the microorganism by mechanisms that are microorganism and disinfectant specific.
As a result of the requirement for diffusion controlled encounters between the airborne microorganism and disinfectants, a necessary step in the microorganism inactivation process, the rate of microorganism inactivation by the disinfectant is dependent upon the rate of the microorganism-disinfectant encounters. The rate of the encounters can be represented as a second-order kinetic process. The rate of a second-order event can be defined as a function of the airborne concentrations of the two reacting components, the microorganism and the disinfectant. The airborne concentration of the disinfectant is therefore an important parameter controlling the rate of airborne microorganism inactivation by airborne disinfectant and therefore the control of the airborne concentration of the disinfectant is critical for any air disinfection process.
Brief Description of the Figures
The accompanying drawing figures, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the description, illustrate several aspects of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. A brief description of the figures is as follows:
FIG. 1 illustrates concentrations over time of glycol compounds within a space to be treated as determined by a photoionization detection device capable of detecting propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and triethylene glycol with the atmosphere of the space.
FIG. 2 illustrates the concentration over time of a glycol compound with a space to be treated as determined by a photoionization detection device to show the effect of different activities within the space on the airborne glycol concentration within the space.
Detailed Description
In the work that resulted in the present disclosure, an aerosol generator was used that produces a controlled output of an airborne disinfectant, which to date has been composed of triethylene glycol or propylene glycol (hereafter glycol). The aerosolized glycol rapidly comes into equilibrium with the gas phase resulting in an environmentally defined distribution of gaseous and liquid phase glycol distributed within the accessible air volume. In the absence of a sensor feed-back loop, the output of glycol from the aerosol generator can only be controlled through indirect methods, e.g., through duty cycle, timed program, or manual on/off mechanisms while environmental variables can dramatically and dynamically alter the airborne concentration of gaseous glycol. Such approaches to control of glycol output are described in commonly owned U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/691363, now issued as U.S. Patent No. 7,930,068, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure is directed to the development and incorporation of a sensor that is capable of detecting and monitoring the concentration of gas phase glycol into the operation of a airborne disinfectant diffusion device. If a reliable sensor can be identified than it can be integrated into a suitable control system to enable inhibition or excitation of the aerosol generator output in a manner that would allow the maintenance of a predetermined concentration of glycol vapor within a space to be treated. This would permit efficiency of operation of the device where the appropriate effective concentration is maintained for the desired efficacy without the distribution of an excess amount of disinfectant that may precipitate ontop surfaces in the treated space and possibly be wasteful of the disinfectant.
It is not intended to limit the present disclosure to any particular device for emitting or aerosolizing a glycol or other airborne disinfectant. Whatever method or device is used to distribute the airborne disinfectant through a space to be treated, the concentration of the disinfectant present in the space is to be measured and the concentration of disinfectant measured can be used to drive the operation of the device or method to distribute more or less disinfectant into the space. Photoionization detection (PID) detectors were identified which had the capability to photoionize molecules with ionization potentials < 10.6 eV is an effective method of detecting and monitoring the gas-phase concentration of glycol in the treated space. For verification of the detection capability, a comparison was made against a known device, namely a Baseline®- mocon®, inc. VOC-TRAQ USB Toxic Gas Detector and Data Logger using a Silver piD- TECH® plus 0.02 - 20 ppm dynamic range (isobutylene) sensor.
Figure 1 provides experimental verification of the ability to detect propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and triethylene glycol by the PID sensor or detector when the PDI detector is exposed to high concentrations of the respective vapors. The figure also provides an indication of baseline noise/variability in an uncontrolled interior environment.
Propylene glycol gas-phase concentration was studied under uncontrolled ventilation rate conditions as a function of aerosol generation rate, Figure 2. In addition to increased sensor readings that correlate with increased aerosol generation rate, low- frequency oscillations are observed that correlate with HVAC activity (air conditioning) and high- frequency oscillations that correlate with room entry/exit activity. When integration is completed, the sensor readings may be used to control the aerosol generation rate to compensate for the baseline variability associated with ventilation rate variability (e.g., HVAC and room entry/exit activity). Additional sensors could be provided in the control system for the operation of the disinfectant diffusion device to respond to such events before the events have an adverse impact on the concentration disinfectant in the space. By way of a non-limiting example, the control system may include a door sensor that would trigger a reaction by the diffusion system when an entry ot exit is recorded. Alternatively, the control system may include a detector indicating when the HVAC system feeding the treated space is activated and the nature of the HVAC system's operation (heating, cooling, venting, air or heat exchange, etc.).
It is anticipated that a photoionization detector that is capable of ionizing molecules with ionization potentials of < 9.6 eV may also be used within the scope of the present disclosure. The photoionization potential of triethylene glycol is approximately 9.6 eV and the ionization potential of propylene glycol is assumed to be similar to that for triethylene glycol or approximately 9.6 eV. If detection at < 9.6 eV is as sensitive for glycol detection as at < 10.6 eV, the lower ionization potential detector may provide improved selectivity for the glycols by virtue of not detecting potentially interfering molecules greater than about 9.6 eV, thereby eliminating potential contribution to the sensor noise from ionizable volatile organic compounds with ionization potentials in the 9.6 - 10.6 eV range which are not the desired disinfectant compounds. If the < 9.6 eV detector is unable to detect the glycols, or the sensitivity is greatly reduced, use of a dual detector may be developed to subtract out the < 9.6 eV signal to improve the selectivity for the detection of the glycols by virtue of removing potentially interfering signals from easily ionizable volatile organic compounds. Selectivity toward the glycols is therefore expected by one of the two strategies, with success of each dependent upon the precise ionization potential of the glycols and the efficiency of ionization of the glycols by each of the two detectors. Selectivity is potentially of value under conditions of interfering, non-glycol, volatile organic compounds. Upon fmalization of the sensor configuration, as described above, the sensor may be integrated into the any sort of aerosol generators to enable a feed-back control mechanism facilitating automatic aerosolization rate control for maintenance of a predefined glycol gas- phase concentration. That is, the sensor will serve a function that is comparable to a thermostat for temperature control, except it will maintain the glycol, rather than the heat, level. Such sensor configurations may be used to control operation of a number of different devices that may operate to distribute or diffuse disinfectant within a space to be treated.
It is anticipated that the sensing, analysis and detection of glycols compounds as described herein may be extended to other aerosol organic compounds as well. It is anticipated that similar analysis and evaluation of data received from sensor(s) positioned within a particular space may be used to determine the presence of other airborne organic compounds and also to identify potentially unknown compounds. It is not the intention of limit the present disclosure to solely the identification and evaluation of glycols or to any particular disinfectant compounds.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments set forth above. Thus, it is recognized that those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain substitutions, alterations, modifications, and omissions may be made without departing from the spirit or intent of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description is meant to be exemplary only, the invention is to be taken as including all reasonable equivalents to the subject matter of the invention, and should not limit the scope of the invention set forth in the following claims.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A method of maintaining a desired level of an aerosolized compound within a space to be treated with the compound, the method comprising:
providing a diffusion device including the compound to be aerolosized in liquid form and including a control system for operating the device to diffuse the compound into the air within the space to be treated;
providing the control system of the diffusion device includes a sensor in fluid communication with the air within the space to be treated, the sensor configured to sense the concentration of the compound aerosolized within the space to be treated;
operating the diffusion device to diffuse the compound into the space to be treated;
sensing the concentration of the compound within the space to be treated with the sensor and altering the operation of the diffusion device based on the concentration of the compound sensed within the space if necessary to achieve a desired concentration of compound within the space to be treated;
repeating the sensing and altering step periodically to maintain the desired concentration of the compound within the space to be treated.
2. The method of claim 1, further providing the space to be treated is to be disinfected and the compound is a liquid disonfection compound.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising the compond is a glycol.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the compound is one of triethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the control system including additional sensors monitoring other activity within the space to be treated and altering the operation of the diffusion device based on the sensing of such other activities within the space to be treated.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the sensor is a photoionization detection device selected to sense the ionization potential of the compound to be diffused into the space to be treated.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sensor includes a pair of photoionization detection devices that are used in combination to reduce the possible false determination of the concentration of the compound within the space based on the presence of other compounds having similar ionization potentials.
8. A liquid diffusion device for treating a space with a liquid compound, the liquid diffusion device comprising:
a control system for operating the liquid diffusion device to diffuse the compound into the space to be treated; the control system including a sensor in fluid communication with the air in the space to be treated, the sensor configured to sense the concentration of the compound witihn the air of the space to be treated;
the control system configured to alter the operation of the liquid diffusion device based on the concnentration of compound sensed within the space to be treated and a desired concentration of that compound.
9. The liquid diffusion device of claim 8, further comprising the control system including a feedback loop for the operation of the liquid diffusion device, with the sensor periodically sensing the concentration of the compound and the control system altering operation of the liquid diffusion device based on each sensed concentration of compound sensed by the sensor.
10. The liquid diffusion device of claim 8, the control system further comprising at least one additional sensor to sensse activity within the space to be treated and altering the operation of the liquid diffusion device based on activity within the space sensed by the at least one additional sensor.
12. The liquid diffusion device of claim 8, further comprising the sensor includes a photoionization detection device selected to sense the ionization potential of the compound to be diffused into the space to be treated.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sensor includes a pair of photoionization detection devices that are used in combination to reduce the possible false determination of the concentration of the compound within the space based on the presence of other compounds having similar ionization potentials.
EP11846352.0A 2010-10-22 2011-10-24 Glycol sensor for feedback loop control Withdrawn EP2629808A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40595210P 2010-10-22 2010-10-22
US13/090,240 US20110253797A1 (en) 2007-03-26 2011-04-19 System and method of controlling operation of a liquid diffusion appliance
PCT/US2011/057550 WO2012078250A1 (en) 2010-10-22 2011-10-24 Glycol sensor for feedback loop control

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2629808A1 true EP2629808A1 (en) 2013-08-28
EP2629808A4 EP2629808A4 (en) 2014-10-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11846352.0A Withdrawn EP2629808A4 (en) 2010-10-22 2011-10-24 Glycol sensor for feedback loop control

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2629808A4 (en)
CN (1) CN103402555B (en)
AU (2) AU2011338964A1 (en)
HK (1) HK1191577A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012078250A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9908074B2 (en) 2014-10-29 2018-03-06 Xiaomi Inc. Method and device for controlling purification of air

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US20090238716A1 (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-09-24 Weening Richard W Airborne pathogen disinfectant system and method

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US20020072322A1 (en) * 2000-12-11 2002-06-13 Phoenix Controls Corporation Methods and apparatus for recirculating air in a controlled ventilated environment
US20050129568A1 (en) * 2003-12-10 2005-06-16 Xerox Corporation Environmental system including a micromechanical dispensing device
US20090185952A1 (en) * 2008-01-17 2009-07-23 Jeffrey Bankers Air treatment device utilizing a sensor for activation and operation
US20090238716A1 (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-09-24 Weening Richard W Airborne pathogen disinfectant system and method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of WO2012078250A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103402555B (en) 2015-07-08
WO2012078250A8 (en) 2013-05-16
CN103402555A (en) 2013-11-20
HK1191577A1 (en) 2014-08-01
EP2629808A4 (en) 2014-10-15
AU2011338964A1 (en) 2013-05-23
WO2012078250A1 (en) 2012-06-14
AU2016201216B2 (en) 2017-02-09
AU2016201216A1 (en) 2016-03-17

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